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width="1.25rem" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="6 9 6 2 18 2 18 9"></polyline><path d="M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2"></path><rect x="6" y="14" width="12" height="8"></rect></svg></a></button></div></div><div><div class="flex flex-wrap"><p class=" text-primary font-semibold">Article</p><div class="h-[16px] border-l-2 border-gray-400 mt-1 mx-1 "></div><time class="text-gray-500 " dateTime="2023-01-11T13:10:00.000">January 11, 2023</time></div><h1 class="text-[26px] font-medium leading-8">Spotlighting Health Disparities for Black Americans With Multiple Myeloma and Potential Solutions</h1><div class="py-3 text-gray-600 md:flex flex-col md:justify-between"><div class="flex flex-col xs:flex-row"><p class="mr-1 self-start">Author(s):</p><div class="flex flex-col xs:flex-row mb-3 md:mb-0"><div class="flex flex-wrap"><span class="text-md mr-2"><a class="text-author text-gray-500 hover:text-primary underline hover:no-underline decoration-gray-400" href="/authors/matthew-gavidia">Matthew Gavidia</a></span></div></div></div><div class="max-w-full"><div class="flex flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap items-center w-fit my-2"></div><div class="w-full flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between mt-2"><div class="block md:hidden "><div class="mt-2 flex items-center max-w-fit"><button title="Spotlighting Health Disparities for Black Americans With Multiple Myeloma and Potential Solutions" aria-label="facebook" class="react-share__ShareButton" style="background-color:transparent;border:none;padding:0;font:inherit;color:inherit;cursor:pointer"><svg viewBox="0 0 64 64" width="32" height="32"><circle cx="32" cy="32" r="31" fill="#3b5998"></circle><path d="M34.1,47V33.3h4.6l0.7-5.3h-5.3v-3.4c0-1.5,0.4-2.6,2.6-2.6l2.8,0v-4.8c-0.5-0.1-2.2-0.2-4.1-0.2 c-4.1,0-6.9,2.5-6.9,7V28H24v5.3h4.6V47H34.1z" fill="white"></path></svg></button><button aria-label="twitter" class="react-share__ShareButton" 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flex-col lg:flex-row lg:items-center lg:justify-end"></div><p class="py-2 mb-2 text-sm italic text-gray-600">Black Americans with multiple myeloma face disparities in incidence of disease, survival outcomes, and use of evidence-based treatment, which may be exacerbated by socioeconomic factors.</p><div class="py-2"><div class="blockText_blockContent__TbCXh"><p class="pb-2"><a target="_self" href="https://www.ajmc.com/compendium/multiple-myeloma">Multiple myeloma</a> (MM) is the most common hematologic malignancy among Black Americans, who experience higher prevalence of disease. According to the 2022 <a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.cancer.org/cancer/multiple-myeloma/about/key-statistics.html">American Cancer Society report</a>, an estimated 34,000 new cases of MM will be diagnosed in 2021, and over 12,400 deaths are expected to occur in the United States.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Amid growing incidence of MM, Black Americans are particularly at risk. These populations have been shown in <a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3322/caac.21555">prior research</a> to exhibit a 2-fold higher incidence (15.9 vs 7.5 cases per 100,000) and mortality rate (5.6 vs. 2.4 per 100,000) than those of Whites.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Researchers of an analysis published in the <em><a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027968422001675">Journal of the National Medical Association</a> </em>sought to further investigate the source and impact of disparities in MM for Black Americans and potential solutions for improvement.<br/></p><p class="pb-2">“An estimated 6910 new cases and 2360 deaths from MM are expected among Black Americans annually, comprising 20% of all new cases and 18% of total deaths per year from MM in the United States. This is an enormous burden considering 1 in every 5 patients diagnosed with MM in the United States is Black,” they noted.<br/></p><p class="pb-2">“Understanding and targeting the causes of disparities is critical to achieve more equitable treatment delivery and outcomes for all patients with MM.”</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Outcomes of MM vary greatly in Black Americans, said the study authors. Data from Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries from 1973 to 2005 have confirmed superior relative survival for Blacks compared with Whites, and SEER data from 2007 to 2013 showed superior MM specific survival, but not overall survival (OS), as well.<br/></p><p class="pb-2">However, these data were based on defined populations with a high access to health care and well-developed registration systems. Black Americans are more likely to live in low-income areas that are exposed to higher levels of environmental pollution and psychosocial stressors, which affect the access and utilization of health care services.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Incremental use of autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and novel agent–based therapies over the past 2 decades has significantly improved survival rates among White Americans with MM. But survival rates for Black patients have lagged, noted researchers, and the observed disparity is increasing.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">“If evidence-based treatments were to be equally utilized, we would expect Black Americans to have universal improvement in survival…The sources of racial disparities in MM are multilayered and emanate from interplay of biological drivers, differential influence of genetic ancestry, and how these factors interact with and are shaped by other socioeconomic determinants of health care delivery and utilization.”</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">For Black Americans, the difference in MM outcomes compared with Whites may be explained by failure from the health care system to provide suitable cancer care. Underutilization of evidence-based treatment, receipt of suboptimal therapy, or limited access to treatment have all been cited to affect Black patients with MM, who also face a notable delay in the start of treatment.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">A <a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952920318176">SEER study</a> found that the average length of time between MM diagnosis and start of treatment with a novel therapy was 5.2 months for Black patients compared with 2.7 months for White patients. “Similarly, compared with Whites, Black Americans are 37% less likely to undergo ASCT and 21% less likely to be treated with bortezomib, with underuse of these treatments associated with a 12% increased risk of death among Black patients.”<br/></p><p class="pb-2">Poor enrollment of Blacks in clinical trials is also of major concern. Of the 2896 patients enrolled in 9 national cooperative group clinical trials on newly diagnosed MM, only 18% were non-White. And for pivotal trials leading to US regulatory approval of MM drugs, Black Americans constituted a mere 4.5% of all patients.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">“The inadequate representation of Black patients on clinical trials could perpetuate outcome disparity because their unique biology of the host and tumors is not accounted for while building patient treatment pathways.”</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Beyond access to care, one factor that has been shown to disproportionately affect Black Americans is obesity, which is associated with incidence and mortality of MM. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey suggest that approximately 48% of non-Hispanic Blacks have a body mass index (BMI) in the obese range, compared with 34.5% among non-Hispanic Whites.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Black Americans are also disproportionately affected by related disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">“Although causal inferences cannot be made from observational studies, the findings support strategies to increase awareness of MM risk among Black Americans with obesity, as well as show the need for prospective studies to determine whether weight reduction can reduce MM risk.”<br/></p><p class="pb-2">Addressing these disparities call for multidisciplinary efforts that fully engage all stakeholders, noted the study authors. The International Myeloma Foundation (IMF) was mentioned as an organization uniquely poised to address disparities due to its international reach.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">Guided by an IMF council comprised of key stakeholders in the MM field, including patients, advocates, physicians, and other health care providers, the organization’s African American Initiative aims to improve short- and long-term outcomes of Black patients by engaging the community, educating health care providers, and supporting patients.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2">“Developing protocols to improve access to quality care for individuals from diverse populations will be critical to improve the quality of MM care for all patients. Disparities will not be eliminated without the implementation of system changes that promote health equities, universal health insurance coverage, and access to high-quality care for all,” concluded researchers.</p><p class="pb-2"></p><p class="pb-2"><strong>Reference</strong></p><p class="pb-2">Bhutani M, Lonial S, Mikhael J. Disparities in multiple myeloma among African Americans. <em>J Natl Med Assoc</em>. 2022 Dec 22;S0027-9684(22)00167-5. doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2022.10.001</p></div></div><div class="flex items-center lg:w-3/4 mb-4 pb-12"></div><div class="jsx-19ede9f0a5a45918 py-4 relative bg-primary md:px-8 -ml-6 xs:ml-0 w-screen xs:w-auto"><div class="jsx-19ede9f0a5a45918 px-4 sm:px-0"><div class="flex justify-between items-center py-1 space-x-4 border-0 select-none sm:border-b border-secondary"><div class="text-3xl text-white text-lg sm:text-3xl">Related Videos</div></div></div><div style="scroll-snap-type:none" class="jsx-19ede9f0a5a45918 flex items-start overflow-x-auto space-x-4 py-4 relative mx-auto w-full pl-4"><a id="" class="w-[200px] h-fit space-y-3 flex-none select-none no-underline" style="scroll-snap-align:center;text-decoration:none" href="/view/rems-program-supports-use-of-mavacamten-in-obstructive-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy"><div class="w-full shadow-md shadow-gray-800 overflow-hidden 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/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sanity.io%2Fimages%2F0vv8moc6%2Fajmc%2F2c8fd678c047fa3e0fe024461cb45eb5b505df8b-1280x723.png%3Ffit%3Dcrop%26auto%3Dformat&w=1920&q=30 1920w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sanity.io%2Fimages%2F0vv8moc6%2Fajmc%2F2c8fd678c047fa3e0fe024461cb45eb5b505df8b-1280x723.png%3Ffit%3Dcrop%26auto%3Dformat&w=2048&q=30 2048w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sanity.io%2Fimages%2F0vv8moc6%2Fajmc%2F2c8fd678c047fa3e0fe024461cb45eb5b505df8b-1280x723.png%3Ffit%3Dcrop%26auto%3Dformat&w=3840&q=30 3840w" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sanity.io%2Fimages%2F0vv8moc6%2Fajmc%2F2c8fd678c047fa3e0fe024461cb45eb5b505df8b-1280x723.png%3Ffit%3Dcrop%26auto%3Dformat&w=3840&q=30" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></div><div class="w-full flex-wrap text-center text-sm mt-4 font-light no-underline text-white"></div></a></div></div><div class="relative block sm:hidden"><div class="mt-4 overflow-hidden"><div class="flex justify-between"><div class="flex items-center clear-both pt-4 pb-2 text-3xl lg:text-2xl xl:text-3xl min-w-fit ">Related Content </div><div class="hidden lg:flex w-full flex-col justify-end items-end"><div class="hidden w-full lg:flex flex-wrap pb-2 gap-x-2 gap-y-1 justify-end items-end"></div></div></div><div class="w-full mb-2 border border-secondary"></div><div class="lg:hidden flex flex-wrap items-center"></div><div class="flex flex-wrap w-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div><div><div class="text-[8px] text-center text-gray-500 hidden">Advertisement</div><div id="div-gpt-ad-infeed-1"></div></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/decoding-sma-progression-hfmse-analysis-spotlights-variability?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/16ff03fc3732bb1b18d238c8f8af52fac1f6476e-5696x3392.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="Keeping track of subgroup variability in SMA will provide more robust, comparable data in the long term | image credit: Bartek - stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 27th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/decoding-sma-progression-hfmse-analysis-spotlights-variability?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Decoding SMA Progression: HFMSE Analysis Spotlights Variability</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/kyle-munz">Kyle Munz</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/decoding-sma-progression-hfmse-analysis-spotlights-variability?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">The authors emphasize the value of subgroup analyses for tracking patterns in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), as opposed to drawing mean conclusions across entire cohorts. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/operationalizing-bispecifics-in-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/9de113904a026205cbaf84d08420c4065d52fd67-1000x563.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="managed care cast logo" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 27th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/operationalizing-bispecifics-in-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Operationalizing Bispecifics in Multiple Myeloma</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/mary-caffrey">Mary Caffrey</a><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 mr-1 ml-[1px]"> </span><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/laura-joszt">Laura Joszt, MA</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/operationalizing-bispecifics-in-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">Tyler Sandahl, PharmD, of Mayo Clinic, and Michael Byrne, DO, of Tennessee Oncology, discuss practical advice for bringing bispecifics to the community.</div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex md:hidden justify-center items-center"></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/durvalumab-underutilization-highlights-gaps-in-nsclc-treatment-strategies?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/20805afe527369d997c10f03a2d5ac2e3a49f2a3-1200x738.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="Lungcancertreatment | Image Credit: © Vitalii Vodolazskyi-stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 27th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/durvalumab-underutilization-highlights-gaps-in-nsclc-treatment-strategies?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Durvalumab Underutilization Highlights Gaps in NSCLC Treatment Strategies</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/maggie-l-shaw">Maggie L. Shaw</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/durvalumab-underutilization-highlights-gaps-in-nsclc-treatment-strategies?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">Accompanying these findings is a call for refined treatment strategies that have potential to better outcomes among patients who have unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/expert-insights-on-how-utilization-management-drives-physician-burnout?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/9de113904a026205cbaf84d08420c4065d52fd67-1000x563.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="managed care cast logo" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 26th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/expert-insights-on-how-utilization-management-drives-physician-burnout?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Expert Insights on How Utilization Management Drives Physician Burnout</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/brooke-mccormick">Brooke McCormick</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/expert-insights-on-how-utilization-management-drives-physician-burnout?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">On this episode of Managed Care Cast, we speak with the author of a study published in the November 2024 issue of The American Journal of Managed Care® to explore the link between utilization management and physician burnout. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/new-proposal-aims-to-expand-medicaid-and-medicare-coverage-for-obesity-drugs?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/6bd0e6a5c734135abb6fa97501b6375dc31df9c2-5600x3733.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="Medicare enrollment model | image credit: Vitalii Vodolazskyi - stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 26th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/new-proposal-aims-to-expand-medicaid-and-medicare-coverage-for-obesity-drugs?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">New Proposal Aims to Expand Medicaid and Medicare Coverage for Obesity Drugs</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/kyle-munz">Kyle Munz</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/new-proposal-aims-to-expand-medicaid-and-medicare-coverage-for-obesity-drugs?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">If made official, the proposed rule would give Part D and Medicaid beneficiaries expanded coverage to antiobesity drugs starting in 2026. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/fda-approves-imatinib-oral-solution-for-treatment-of-various-cancers?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/f1f12e9d502c73f75e8062c6dd726c422c8aff78-4320x3473.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="FDA Approval | image credit: gomixer - stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 26th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/fda-approves-imatinib-oral-solution-for-treatment-of-various-cancers?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">FDA Approves Imatinib Oral Solution for Treatment of Various Cancers</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/kyle-munz">Kyle Munz</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/fda-approves-imatinib-oral-solution-for-treatment-of-various-cancers?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">The FDA approval marks the first oral solution indicated for patients with different forms of leukemia. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="relative hidden sm:block"><div class="mt-4 overflow-hidden"><div class="flex justify-between"><div class="flex items-center clear-both pt-4 pb-2 text-3xl lg:text-2xl xl:text-3xl min-w-fit ">Related Content </div><div class="hidden lg:flex w-full flex-col justify-end items-end"><div class="hidden w-full lg:flex flex-wrap pb-2 gap-x-2 gap-y-1 justify-end items-end"></div></div></div><div class="w-full mb-2 border border-secondary"></div><div class="lg:hidden flex flex-wrap items-center"></div><div class="flex flex-wrap w-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div><div><div class="text-[8px] text-center text-gray-500 hidden">Advertisement</div><div id="div-gpt-ad-infeed-1"></div></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/decoding-sma-progression-hfmse-analysis-spotlights-variability?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/16ff03fc3732bb1b18d238c8f8af52fac1f6476e-5696x3392.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="Keeping track of subgroup variability in SMA will provide more robust, comparable data in the long term | image credit: Bartek - stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 27th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/decoding-sma-progression-hfmse-analysis-spotlights-variability?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Decoding SMA Progression: HFMSE Analysis Spotlights Variability</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/kyle-munz">Kyle Munz</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/decoding-sma-progression-hfmse-analysis-spotlights-variability?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">The authors emphasize the value of subgroup analyses for tracking patterns in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), as opposed to drawing mean conclusions across entire cohorts. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/operationalizing-bispecifics-in-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/9de113904a026205cbaf84d08420c4065d52fd67-1000x563.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="managed care cast logo" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 27th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/operationalizing-bispecifics-in-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Operationalizing Bispecifics in Multiple Myeloma</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/mary-caffrey">Mary Caffrey</a><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 mr-1 ml-[1px]"> </span><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/laura-joszt">Laura Joszt, MA</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/operationalizing-bispecifics-in-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">Tyler Sandahl, PharmD, of Mayo Clinic, and Michael Byrne, DO, of Tennessee Oncology, discuss practical advice for bringing bispecifics to the community.</div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex md:hidden justify-center items-center"></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/durvalumab-underutilization-highlights-gaps-in-nsclc-treatment-strategies?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/20805afe527369d997c10f03a2d5ac2e3a49f2a3-1200x738.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="Lungcancertreatment | Image Credit: © Vitalii Vodolazskyi-stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 27th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/durvalumab-underutilization-highlights-gaps-in-nsclc-treatment-strategies?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Durvalumab Underutilization Highlights Gaps in NSCLC Treatment Strategies</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/maggie-l-shaw">Maggie L. Shaw</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/durvalumab-underutilization-highlights-gaps-in-nsclc-treatment-strategies?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">Accompanying these findings is a call for refined treatment strategies that have potential to better outcomes among patients who have unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/expert-insights-on-how-utilization-management-drives-physician-burnout?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/9de113904a026205cbaf84d08420c4065d52fd67-1000x563.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="managed care cast logo" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 26th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/expert-insights-on-how-utilization-management-drives-physician-burnout?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">Expert Insights on How Utilization Management Drives Physician Burnout</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/brooke-mccormick">Brooke McCormick</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/expert-insights-on-how-utilization-management-drives-physician-burnout?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">On this episode of Managed Care Cast, we speak with the author of a study published in the November 2024 issue of The American Journal of Managed Care® to explore the link between utilization management and physician burnout. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/new-proposal-aims-to-expand-medicaid-and-medicare-coverage-for-obesity-drugs?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/6bd0e6a5c734135abb6fa97501b6375dc31df9c2-5600x3733.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="Medicare enrollment model | image credit: Vitalii Vodolazskyi - stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 26th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/new-proposal-aims-to-expand-medicaid-and-medicare-coverage-for-obesity-drugs?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">New Proposal Aims to Expand Medicaid and Medicare Coverage for Obesity Drugs</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/kyle-munz">Kyle Munz</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/new-proposal-aims-to-expand-medicaid-and-medicare-coverage-for-obesity-drugs?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">If made official, the proposed rule would give Part D and Medicaid beneficiaries expanded coverage to antiobesity drugs starting in 2026. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 w-full h-full"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 flex flex-col sm:flex-row justify-between my-4 "><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/fda-approves-imatinib-oral-solution-for-treatment-of-various-cancers?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><img src="https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/f1f12e9d502c73f75e8062c6dd726c422c8aff78-4320x3473.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format" alt="FDA Approval | image credit: gomixer - stock.adobe.com" width="288" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 max-h-[200px] xs:w-[288px] "/></a><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-detail flex flex-col gap-[0.2rem] w-full sm:w-[46%] md:w-[65%]"><span class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-publish-date block italic text-sm text-gray-500 mt-[1rem] sm:mt-0">November 26th 2024</span><p class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-title font-bold text-[1rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/fda-approves-imatinib-oral-solution-for-treatment-of-various-cancers?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent">FDA Approves Imatinib Oral Solution for Treatment of Various Cancers</a></p><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 authors flex-row wrap gap-[0.2rem]"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-[#00ADEF] underline text-sm italic" href="/authors/kyle-munz">Kyle Munz</a></div><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 article-summary"><a class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850" href="/view/fda-approves-imatinib-oral-solution-for-treatment-of-various-cancers?utm_source=www.ajmc.com&utm_medium=relatedContent"><div class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850 text-sm text-gray-500 py-1">The FDA approval marks the first oral solution indicated for patients with different forms of leukemia. </div></a></div></div></div><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCCCCC" class="jsx-ad50481d5ee26850"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="pb-24"></div></div><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Spotlighting Health Disparities for Black Americans With Multiple Myeloma and Potential Solutions","datePublished":"2023-01-11T13:10:00.000Z","dateModified":"2023-01-11T15:47:17Z","inLanguage":"en-US","image":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/0vv8moc6/ajmc/9078b468c99ee5feb1f82dbe57c61c0f8ba16bf3-1200x800.jpg?fit=crop&auto=format","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.ajmc.com/view/spotlighting-health-disparities-for-black-americans-with-multiple-myeloma-and-potential-solutions"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AJMC","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.ajmc.com/ajmc_logo_inverted.png"}},"keywords":"multiple myeloma,black,white,disparity,health equity,clinical trial,health disparity,socioeconomic,access to care,health care accessibility,seer,International Myeloma Foundation","articleBody":"Multiple myeloma (MM) is the most common hematologic malignancy among Black Americans, who experience higher prevalence of disease. According to the 2022 American Cancer Society report, an estimated 34,000 new cases of MM will be diagnosed in 2021, and over 12,400 deaths are expected to occur in the United States.\n\n\n\nAmid growing incidence of MM, Black Americans are particularly at risk. These populations have been shown in prior research to exhibit a 2-fold higher incidence (15.9 vs 7.5 cases per 100,000) and mortality rate (5.6 vs. 2.4 per 100,000) than those of Whites.\n\n\n\nResearchers of an analysis published in the Journal of the National Medical Association sought to further investigate the source and impact of disparities in MM for Black Americans and potential solutions for improvement.\n\n\n“An estimated 6910 new cases and 2360 deaths from MM are expected among Black Americans annually, comprising 20% of all new cases and 18% of total deaths per year from MM in the United States. This is an enormous burden considering 1 in every 5 patients diagnosed with MM in the United States is Black,” they noted.\n\n\n“Understanding and targeting the causes of disparities is critical to achieve more equitable treatment delivery and outcomes for all patients with MM.”\n\n\n\nOutcomes of MM vary greatly in Black Americans, said the study authors. Data from Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries from 1973 to 2005 have confirmed superior relative survival for Blacks compared with Whites, and SEER data from 2007 to 2013 showed superior MM specific survival, but not overall survival (OS), as well.\n\n\nHowever, these data were based on defined populations with a high access to health care and well-developed registration systems. Black Americans are more likely to live in low-income areas that are exposed to higher levels of environmental pollution and psychosocial stressors, which affect the access and utilization of health care services.\n\n\n\nIncremental use of autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and novel agent–based therapies over the past 2 decades has significantly improved survival rates among White Americans with MM. But survival rates for Black patients have lagged, noted researchers, and the observed disparity is increasing.\n\n\n\n“If evidence-based treatments were to be equally utilized, we would expect Black Americans to have universal improvement in survival…The sources of racial disparities in MM are multilayered and emanate from interplay of biological drivers, differential influence of genetic ancestry, and how these factors interact with and are shaped by other socioeconomic determinants of health care delivery and utilization.”\n\n\n\nFor Black Americans, the difference in MM outcomes compared with Whites may be explained by failure from the health care system to provide suitable cancer care. Underutilization of evidence-based treatment, receipt of suboptimal therapy, or limited access to treatment have all been cited to affect Black patients with MM, who also face a notable delay in the start of treatment.\n\n\n\nA SEER study found that the average length of time between MM diagnosis and start of treatment with a novel therapy was 5.2 months for Black patients compared with 2.7 months for White patients. “Similarly, compared with Whites, Black Americans are 37% less likely to undergo ASCT and 21% less likely to be treated with bortezomib, with underuse of these treatments associated with a 12% increased risk of death among Black patients.”\n\n\nPoor enrollment of Blacks in clinical trials is also of major concern. Of the 2896 patients enrolled in 9 national cooperative group clinical trials on newly diagnosed MM, only 18% were non-White. And for pivotal trials leading to US regulatory approval of MM drugs, Black Americans constituted a mere 4.5% of all patients.\n\n\n\n“The inadequate representation of Black patients on clinical trials could perpetuate outcome disparity because their unique biology of the host and tumors is not accounted for while building patient treatment pathways.”\n\n\n\nBeyond access to care, one factor that has been shown to disproportionately affect Black Americans is obesity, which is associated with incidence and mortality of MM. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey suggest that approximately 48% of non-Hispanic Blacks have a body mass index (BMI) in the obese range, compared with 34.5% among non-Hispanic Whites.\n\n\n\nBlack Americans are also disproportionately affected by related disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases.\n\n\n\n“Although causal inferences cannot be made from observational studies, the findings support strategies to increase awareness of MM risk among Black Americans with obesity, as well as show the need for prospective studies to determine whether weight reduction can reduce MM risk.”\n\n\nAddressing these disparities call for multidisciplinary efforts that fully engage all stakeholders, noted the study authors. The International Myeloma Foundation (IMF) was mentioned as an organization uniquely poised to address disparities due to its international reach.\n\n\n\nGuided by an IMF council comprised of key stakeholders in the MM field, including patients, advocates, physicians, and other health care providers, the organization’s African American Initiative aims to improve short- and long-term outcomes of Black patients by engaging the community, educating health care providers, and supporting patients.\n\n\n\n“Developing protocols to improve access to quality care for individuals from diverse populations will be critical to improve the quality of MM care for all patients. Disparities will not be eliminated without the implementation of system changes that promote health equities, universal health insurance coverage, and access to high-quality care for all,” concluded researchers.\n\n\n\nReference\n\nBhutani M, Lonial S, Mikhael J. Disparities in multiple myeloma among African Americans. J Natl Med Assoc. 2022 Dec 22;S0027-9684(22)00167-5. doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2022.10.001","description":"Black Americans with multiple myeloma face disparities in incidence of disease, survival outcomes, and use of evidence-based treatment, which may be exacerbated by socioeconomic factors.","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew Gavidia"}]}</script></div></div><div class="flex-none w-[300px] z-[9999] relative hidden md:block"><div style="top:5rem" class="sticky custom-spacing"><div class="collapse-container " style="overflow:hidden;max-height:900px;transition:max-height .4s ease-in-out"></div></div></div></div><div id="div-gpt-ad-pixel" style="width:1px;height:1px" class=""></div><noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NK5KQXS" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><div id="footerOuterWrap" class=" mx-auto flex"><div class="bg-[#00598D] xl:w-[70%] w-[70%] py-12 pl-auto"><div class="xxl:w-[75%] w-[90%] 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But survival rates for Black patients have lagged, noted researchers, and the observed disparity is increasing.","_key":"0c27a807857e0","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"e859ec3a08e2","upload_doc":null},{"_key":"61a79fb24e73","markDefs":[],"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"children":[{"_key":"13ae937bb8000","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"style":"normal","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"_key":"9e57e9cd23ab","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"af9b91ed362d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"“If evidence-based treatments were to be equally utilized, we would expect Black Americans to have universal improvement in survival…The sources of racial disparities in MM are multilayered and emanate from interplay of biological drivers, differential influence of genetic ancestry, and how these factors interact with and are shaped by other socioeconomic determinants of health care delivery and utilization.”"}],"_type":"block"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"marks":[],"text":"","_key":"4124dc6978c60","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"acafc37e145b","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null},{"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"markDefs":[],"children":[{"marks":[],"text":"For Black Americans, the difference in MM outcomes compared with Whites may be explained by failure from the health care system to provide suitable cancer care. Underutilization of evidence-based treatment, receipt of suboptimal therapy, or limited access to treatment have all been cited to affect Black patients with MM, who also face a notable delay in the start of treatment.","_key":"6bc6244c9ffd0","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"6a13c08d32da","upload_doc":null},{"_key":"76899ce93299","markDefs":[],"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"2301144ff57d0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"markDefs":[{"_type":"link","href":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952920318176","_key":"76b20e2d08f4","nofollow":true,"blank":true}],"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"children":[{"text":"A ","_key":"6bf7c84a87a10","_type":"span","marks":[]},{"_type":"span","marks":["76b20e2d08f4"],"text":"SEER study","_key":"6bf7c84a87a11"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" found that the average length of time between MM diagnosis and start of treatment with a novel therapy was 5.2 months for Black patients compared with 2.7 months for White patients. “Similarly, compared with Whites, Black Americans are 37% less likely to undergo ASCT and 21% less likely to be treated with bortezomib, with underuse of these treatments associated with a 12% increased risk of death among Black patients.”\n","_key":"6bf7c84a87a12"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"419a95cd419a"},{"medias":null,"style":"normal","_key":"5ed8937f6741","markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"Poor enrollment of Blacks in clinical trials is also of major concern. Of the 2896 patients enrolled in 9 national cooperative group clinical trials on newly diagnosed MM, only 18% were non-White. And for pivotal trials leading to US regulatory approval of MM drugs, Black Americans constituted a mere 4.5% of all patients.","_key":"6aaa94870caf0","_type":"span","marks":[]}],"_type":"block","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null},{"style":"normal","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"_key":"b750da1ac08a","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"010b975fbe500"}],"_type":"block"},{"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"“The inadequate representation of Black patients on clinical trials could perpetuate outcome disparity because their unique biology of the host and tumors is not accounted for while building patient treatment pathways.”","_key":"9f6f68082cc70","_type":"span","marks":[]}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"53b93a78dca6"},{"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"style":"normal","_key":"97972aaaaebc","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"730fb43634d10"}],"_type":"block"},{"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"Beyond access to care, one factor that has been shown to disproportionately affect Black Americans is obesity, which is associated with incidence and mortality of MM. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey suggest that approximately 48% of non-Hispanic Blacks have a body mass index (BMI) in the obese range, compared with 34.5% among non-Hispanic Whites.","_key":"df4debaf424d0","_type":"span","marks":[]}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"c3a85add4e8e","upload_doc":null},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"b1dd653567c6","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"dd64891416c50"}]},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Black Americans are also disproportionately affected by related disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases.","_key":"233d86f538490"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"69e1cd9ca045","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null},{"medias":null,"children":[{"marks":[],"text":"","_key":"46c89eef44dd0","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"d3395de5f882","markDefs":[],"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null},{"_key":"605aa5c0f31d","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"“Although causal inferences cannot be made from observational studies, the findings support strategies to increase awareness of MM risk among Black Americans with obesity, as well as show the need for prospective studies to determine whether weight reduction can reduce MM risk.”\n","_key":"1cd17a2e29f30"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null},{"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"6c0b6cc4321c","markDefs":[],"children":[{"marks":[],"text":"Addressing these disparities call for multidisciplinary efforts that fully engage all stakeholders, noted the study authors. The International Myeloma Foundation (IMF) was mentioned as an organization uniquely poised to address disparities due to its international reach.","_key":"b1ac9c58f0fe0","_type":"span"}],"upload_doc":null},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"bb5af9ad32b30"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"02ac9a52149a","markDefs":[],"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null},{"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"2bb1e1333d31","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Guided by an IMF council comprised of key stakeholders in the MM field, including patients, advocates, physicians, and other health care providers, the organization’s African American Initiative aims to improve short- and long-term outcomes of Black patients by engaging the community, educating health care providers, and supporting patients.","_key":"e691137935d30"}]},{"upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"_key":"62b001c70345","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"b0050d543a940"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","upload_doc":null,"uploadAudio":null,"medias":null,"_key":"476fcce674fb","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"“Developing protocols to improve access to quality care for individuals from diverse populations will be critical to improve the quality of MM care for all patients. 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This approach can lead to valuable findings that better assess patterns throughout the various SMA types, rather than tracking average changes throughout entire cohorts."}]},{"children":[{"text":"","_key":"8951b269cfec0","_type":"span","marks":[]}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"587a0e3245e3","markDefs":[]},{"style":"normal","_key":"3883a5c14424","markDefs":[{"nofollow":true,"blank":true,"_type":"link","href":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ene.16517","_key":"dc38c9cdb621"}],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A recent analysis published in ","_key":"5174fd15dde50"},{"_type":"span","marks":["em","dc38c9cdb621"],"text":"European Journal of Neurology","_key":"5174fd15dde51"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" took a closer look at 4-year outcomes in patients with SMA type 2 (SMA2) and type 3 (SMA3); however, rather than adding to the body of literature that reports on disease-modifying treatments, the researchers sought to study changes in patients’ Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) and with additional factors in mind such as functional status, age, and number of spinal motor neuron 2 (","_key":"5174fd15dde52"},{"_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"SMN2","_key":"3d01d659d0ae"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":") copies.","_key":"31a959fb3c8c"},{"_key":"b68bfa9beaf3","_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"1"}],"_type":"block"},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"6a1e50adfe510"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"a8bd61b8b1b3","markDefs":[]},{"imgcaption":[{"_key":"60fb20eaf51f","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The HFMSE was originally created to assess nonambulatory children with SMA types 2 or 3 | image credit: iri.madrid.art - stock.adobe.com","_key":"75a9511492240"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"}],"asset":{"_type":"reference","_ref":"image-470179e0fe6e475a20f68e6a5c78af502653afb1-3584x5376-jpg"},"widthP":30,"disableTextWrap":false,"disableLightBox":true,"_key":"daf84e415f82","alignment":"left","_type":"figure","alt":"The HFMSE was originally created to assess nonambulatory children with SMA types 2 or 3 | image credit: iri.madrid.art - stock.adobe.com"},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Pediatric SMA professionals designed the HFMSE in 2003, primarily to evaluate the motor abilities and disease progression of children with SMA2 and SMA3. The scale is a viable measure for both children and adults. A composite score, accounting for 20 physical activities, helps clinicians and health care providers create a personal history for patients’ physical abilities. Over time, changes in patients’ ability to stand, crawl, roll, sit, and more allow them to reliably interpret improvements and decline in motor functioning. These records are invaluable for informing treatment approaches, confirming the efficacy of current therapeutics, and the makeup of the HFMSE ensures that it is replicable, reliable, and easy to use.","_key":"38881c82301d0"},{"text":"2","_key":"ff32a5fa8619","_type":"span","marks":["superscript"]}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"086e113b830f","markDefs":[]},{"style":"normal","_key":"6f558599d687","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"a53988e5a9ff0"}],"_type":"block"},{"style":"normal","_key":"ceab59840708","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In the present study, the HFMSE evaluated 33 items with scores ranging from 0-2 (0 = unable to do a given physical activity; 1 = physical activity achievable with certain modifications; 2 = can perform activity without modification).","_key":"54dfaf69c1770"},{"marks":["superscript"],"text":"1","_key":"9cfa2493731a","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"d0cfeb0ad92e","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"b82b86a178350"}]},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"b08efa923029","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Researchers utilized a combination of retrospective analysis and prospective data collection, drawing from multiple international data sets such as the Pediatric Neuromuscular Clinical Research Network for SMA in the US, Italy, and UK-SMA REACH. Additionally, data were collected from a Spain-based and Belgium-based prospective network. Overall, gathered data spanned between 2003 and 2022.","_key":"ac6078e856ac0"}]},{"_key":"9dab3f4035b7","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"53849f5aba210"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"a4daa56e6e51","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In total, 388 patients with SMA were included in the final data set (SMA2 = 226; SMA3 = 162). The authors noted that nearly 60% of individuals with SMA3 experienced clinical onset before the age of 3 (SMA3a) and just under 25% experienced clinical onset after 3 years of age (SMA3b).","_key":"a91d0e5d9ec00"}]},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"da933a59a4920"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"80560c0e62b7","markDefs":[]},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"Four years following their first clinical visit, patients with SMA2 exhibited a –2.2 change in HFMSE, with approximately a –0.58 change occurring each year. A sensitivity analysis for the SMA2 cohort revealed a 4-year change of –3.94 (95% CI, –4.29 to –2.39), estimating a –0.69 change annually (95% CI, –0.87 to –0.50). The researchers witnessed the largest average change for sitters between the ages of 5 and 14 years, and the most minimal change in individuals who lost the ability to sit without support.","_key":"920231f8afea0","_type":"span","marks":[]}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"09459b963c1e"},{"_key":"a6462990fd67","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"0803b16f41ec0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"2f245e0685a2","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The SMA3 cohort experienced a 4-year change of –2.75, or, after the sensitivity analysis, –2.82 (95% CI, –4.29 to –1.34). Annual changes were approximately –0.82, or –0.81 (95% CI, –1.11 to –0.52) after the sensitivity analysis. 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For their retrospective observational analysis, they used data on newly diagnosed patients from The US Oncology Network’s electronic health record; their treatment window encompassed patients who received their diagnosis and initiated cCRT between November 1, 2017, and October 31, 2019, and who were followed through April 30, 2022. cCRT was defined as “radiotherapy received +/-14 days of receipt of the first dose of chemotherapy.”","_key":"af3af6bde8362"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"ae39d66391b5","markDefs":[]},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"e4a28394c1170","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"eac751ebfd41"},{"asset":{"_ref":"image-20805afe527369d997c10f03a2d5ac2e3a49f2a3-1200x738-jpg","_type":"reference"},"disableTextWrap":false,"disableLightBox":true,"alignment":"right","_key":"d44448c3b780","_type":"figure","alt":"Lungcancertreatment | Image Credit: © Vitalii Vodolazskyi-stock.adobe.com","imgcaption":[{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"2902075f001d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The most recent US approval for durvalumab came in August, when it was approved for use in combination with chemotherapy for resectable early-stage disease. | Image Credit: © Vitalii Vodolazskyi-stock.adobe.com"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"97e4882ba2ed"}],"widthP":40},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Of the 540 patients included in this study, 61.5% (n = 262) received durvalumab following cCRT and 38.5% (n = 164) only received cCRT. 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The most common documented reasons for not receiving consolidation durvalumab were death (28.3%) or disease progression (22.2%), and for discontinuing durvalumab before completing all treatments, adverse events (35.8%) or disease progression (28.4%)."}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"0e8853a10621"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"1caca4dc6b920"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"f90220751077"},{"style":"normal","_key":"27fd570db851","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Among patients who received durvalumab after cCRT, the median real-world overall survival (rwOS) was 50.2 (95% CI, 41.4–not reached [NR]) months, and the 12-month survival rate, 83.6% (95% CI, 78.4%-87.6%). The corresponding totals for those who only received cCRT were 11.6 (95% CI, 6.5-15.9) months and 49.1% (95% CI, 40.4%-57.2%). In particular, among those who received consolidation durvalumab, their rwOS was 46.6 (95% CI, 38.3-NR) months and 12-month survival rate, 78.2% (95% CI, 72.5%-82.8%), after consolidation initiation.","_key":"9683623fb2ee0"}],"_type":"block"},{"style":"normal","_key":"f76f6925d095","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"4060d14539700"}],"_type":"block"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"61c7e0cf1447","markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"Throughout the study observation period, an overall 60.8% had disease progression or died; this was lower in those who received consolidation durvalumab after cCRT vs cCRT alone: 56.5% vs 67.7%. Median real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) was 28.5 (95% CI, 23.3-36.4) and 6.3 (95% CI, 4.3-9.3) months, respectively, from the index date, and 12-month rwPFS probability, 72.2% (95% CI, 66.3%-77.2%) and 35.0% (95% CI, 27.1%-43.0%). From start of consolidation durvalumab, median rwPFS was 25.4 (95% CI, 20.7-32.7) months, and the 12-month PFS probability, 65.8% (95% CI, 59.7%-71.3%).","_key":"fbb47bec71d60","_type":"span","marks":[]}]},{"children":[{"marks":[],"text":"","_key":"f9e5eed463c10","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"53d27b252b97","markDefs":[]},{"_key":"b93e854d8dd7","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Strengths of these findings are that the data on underutilization of durvalumab from death or disease progression and treatment discontinuation echo previous research, which the authors note “suggest the need for more effective induction therapy for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC, to allow a greater number of these patients to have stable disease and continue consolidation treatment.” They also highlight gaps in treatment strategies for ICIs that serve to strengthen treatment adherence and outcomes.","_key":"1de91c8adb830"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"fe8129f8f6c60"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"59be840443d2"},{"style":"normal","_key":"7c213209f3f7","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"97199f3724390","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"“While durvalumab addresses a critical need for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC,” they concluded, “our study underscores the need for additional treatment strategies to address the limitations of consolidation treatment with ICI therapy and explore the best mode of application of ICI in this patient population.”"}],"_type":"block"},{"style":"normal","_key":"bcb0a8346411","markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"","_key":"9ecb527029880","_type":"span","marks":[]}],"_type":"block"},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"References","_key":"fddbb99b973c0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"e6dadd68dcbc","markDefs":[]},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"1. 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","_key":"caa8b5ee7ba50","_type":"span","marks":[]},{"marks":["em"],"text":"J Clin Oncol","_key":"caa8b5ee7ba51","_type":"span"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". 2010;28(13):2181-2190. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.26.2543","_key":"caa8b5ee7ba52"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"286ca021cb06"},{"style":"normal","_key":"915e7ff98b07","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"7316855e7b520","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"3. Bradley JD, Hu C, Komaki RR, et al. Long-term results of NRG Oncology RTOG 0617: standard- versus high-dose chemoradiotherapy with or without cetuximab for unresectable stage iii non-small-cell lung cancer. "},{"text":"J Clin Oncol","_key":"7316855e7b521","_type":"span","marks":["em"]},{"marks":[],"text":". 2020;38(7):706-714. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.01162","_key":"7316855e7b522","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"c48892b5a99c","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"4. Albain KS, Swann RS, Rusch VW, Turrisi AT 3rd, Shepherd FA, Smith C, et al. Radiotherapy plus chemotherapy with or without surgical resection for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III randomized controlled trial. ","_key":"3d865dc3fb650"},{"_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Lancet","_key":"3d865dc3fb651"},{"_key":"3d865dc3fb652","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". 2009;374(9687):379-386. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60737-6"}]},{"_key":"e98f92284bb6","markDefs":[{"href":"https://www.drugs.com/history/imfinzi.html#:~:text=FDA%20Approved:%20Yes%20(First%20approved,Tumor%2C%20Hepatocellular%20Carcinoma%2C%20Endometrial%20Cancer","_key":"aac2431f7fc2","nofollow":true,"blank":true,"_type":"link"}],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"5. Stewart J. Imfinzi FDA approval history. Drugs.com. Updated August 19, 2024. Accessed November 27, 2024. 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","gptTakeaways":"• The proposal aims to expand Medicare and Medicaid coverage to include anti-obesity medications, recognizing obesity as a disease.\n\n• Anti-obesity medications have demonstrated safety and efficacy, but current legislation restricts Medicare Part D coverage.\n\n• If approved, the proposal could benefit millions of patients but would significantly increase Medicare and Medicaid spending.\n\n• The financial impact of the proposal is substantial, with projected costs of $25 billion for Medicare and $11 billion for Medicaid.","gptSummary":"The Biden administration has proposed revising Medicare and Medicaid regulations to include coverage for obesity medications, marking a significant policy initiative. This proposal aims to expand benefits and drug access through 2026, addressing the increasing prevalence of obesity and recognizing it as a disease. Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have shown safety and efficacy, yet current legislation limits Medicare Part D coverage. The proposal seeks to reinterpret these rules, potentially benefiting millions of patients. However, the financial implications are substantial, with projected costs of $25 billion for Medicare and $11 billion for Medicaid.","drugMentions":"{\n \"drug_mentions\": [\"liraglutide (Saxenda)\", \"orlistat (Xenical, Alli)\", \"bupropion-naltrexone (Contrave)\", \"phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia)\", \"semaglutide (Wegovy)\"]\n}","title":"New Proposal Aims to Expand Medicaid and Medicare Coverage for Obesity Drugs","body":[{"_key":"aefd511f5a20","markDefs":[{"href":"https://www.ajmc.com/compendium/obesity","_key":"4dbd18bd73f8","nofollow":false,"blank":true,"_type":"link"},{"nofollow":true,"blank":true,"_type":"link","href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/26/upshot/obesity-drugs-medicare-medicaid.html","_key":"1377df332419"}],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The Biden administration has put forth a proposal to ","_key":"2b0bcafe10eb0"},{"_type":"span","marks":["1377df332419"],"text":"revise various Medicare and Medicaid regulations","_key":"77535cba900e"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" and include ","_key":"2715d21d5a81"},{"_type":"span","marks":["4dbd18bd73f8"],"text":"obesity","_key":"447a01a52b32"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" medications as part of their coverage. This move marks perhaps one of the final health policy initiatives of Biden’s presidency. The new policies put forth in the plan would take effect in existing programs in 2026, expanding drug access to many who lack this coverage.","_key":"181a6f5eec21"},{"_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"1,2","_key":"40ea2329030c"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"style":"normal","_key":"92d28b039c32","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"ba774a3cf4a70"}],"_type":"block"},{"disableLightBox":true,"_type":"figure","widthP":30,"_key":"6d55aa04f065","asset":{"_ref":"image-6d57708d4b82e1880c72625d8db04dde75570664-6720x4480-jpg","_type":"reference"},"alignment":"right","disableTextWrap":false,"alt":"The FDA has previously approved these weight loss drugs for long-term use: liraglutide (Saxenda), orlistat (Xenical, Alli), bupropion-naltrexone (Contrave), phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia), semaglutide (Wegovy, Ozempic) and Tirzepatide (Zepbound, Mounjaro) | image credit: Sergej Gerasimov - stock.adobe.come","imgcaption":[{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The FDA has previously approved these antiobesity drugs for long-term use: liraglutide (Saxenda), orlistat (Xenical, Alli), bupropion-naltrexone (Contrave), phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia), semaglutide (Wegovy, Ozempic), and Tirzepatide (Zepbound, Mounjaro) | image credit: Sergej Gerasimov - stock.adobe.com","_key":"8feaecdcc0d6"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"795d23da6e49"}]},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"“Increases in the prevalence of obesity in the United States and changes in the prevailing medical consensus towards recognizing obesity as a disease since the beginning of the Part D program in 2006 have compelled CMS to re-evaluate Part D coverage of anti-obesity medications (AOMs) for Medicare Part D enrollees with obesity,” the proposal writes, highlighting circumstances “where the drug’s prescribed use is not for a medically accepted indication (MAI) that is currently covered under Part D.” If made official, pending an endorsement from the Trump administration, their reevaluation would carry important implications for Part D beneficiaries.","_key":"018b7fae5fd80"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"d6807ac35422","markDefs":[]},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"bbf68c2acd4c0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"115aeb272a94","markDefs":[]},{"_key":"c8221c1fa3f1","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"AOMs have demonstrated great safety and efficacy throughout numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) over the years, as indicated by a 2021 literature review.","_key":"9fbd3296f2c00"},{"_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"3","_key":"c90844901615"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" This analysis surveyed 35 RCTs featuring robust data on 5 AOMs FDA-approved for long-term use: liraglutide (Saxenda), orlistat (Xenical, Alli), bupropion-naltrexone (Contrave), phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia), and semaglutide (Wegovy). Liraglutide and semaglutide in particular are members of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist class that has revolutionized obesity management in recent years. Despite their well-documented impact on weight loss and minimal rates of serious adverse events, decades-old legislation has prevented Medicare Part D’s coverage from extending to “weight loss” drugs, no matter that the medications are intended to treat the disease of obesity.","_key":"b3753a4501e1"},{"_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"1","_key":"ecf6f6127b1e"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"a0b429f7d5360"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"e441c246535d"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"text":"The new proposal aims to reinterpret this ruling to allow plan coverage of AOMs when their purpose is to address a patient’s obesity and long-term weight management to hopefully prevent associated complications, comorbidities, and conditions. Notably, this reinterpretation would apply to Medicaid plans as well.","_key":"d3be319e6db80","_type":"span","marks":[]},{"_key":"a0f198298fd2","_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"2"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"bcc75e0ea1be"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"ec35edca9acd0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"7bc3c3e48abc"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"4f705457b23f","markDefs":[{"href":"https://www.kff.org/health-costs/poll-finding/kff-health-tracking-poll-may-2024-the-publics-use-and-views-of-glp-1-drugs/","_key":"3dd074ae926f","nofollow":true,"blank":true,"_type":"link"}],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If the Trump administration supports the proposal, CMS anticipates an additional 3.4 million patients who use Medicare—and 4 million who use Medicaid—could qualify for obesity medications.","_key":"054eb31e8e390"},{"_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"1","_key":"bf5f27a3e808"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" Earlier this year, a survey from ","_key":"03290025e891"},{"_type":"span","marks":["3dd074ae926f"],"text":"KFF","_key":"054eb31e8e391"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" indicated that over 60% of Americans are in favor of Medicare covering GLP-1 agonist medications","_key":"054eb31e8e392"},{"_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"4","_key":"a310a4f4f587"},{"marks":[],"text":"; however, despite their popularity and growing evidence suggesting the benefits of these drugs for obesity-related conditions (including high blood pressure, sleep apnea, and fatty liver disease, among others), this would be a costly move. This coverage could rack up $25 billion in Medicare spending and $11 billion in Medicaid, with the federal government footing that bill. Cost considerations will weigh heavily on the incoming administration, especially considering CMS estimates that total Medicare spending will exceed $2 trillion in the next decade.","_key":"66486c85d347","_type":"span"},{"_key":"d669453015e1","_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"1"}]},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"cf61085e42ab0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"253e7f13c04d","markDefs":[]},{"_key":"ae3e4b65dcce","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"6fd0938be55a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The proposal is expected to be published in the "},{"marks":["em"],"text":"Federal Register","_key":"eadbc3d82176","_type":"span"},{"marks":[],"text":" on December 10. ","_key":"0ef86a6af5ee","_type":"span"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"33c0cf32097e","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"7aed633a4f77"}]},{"_key":"4415e7d22092","markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"908ac260da0f0","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"References"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal"},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"1. Sanger-Katz M. Obesity drugs would be covered by Medicare and Medicaid under Biden proposal. ","_key":"ae8cf1dad9660"},{"_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"New York Times. ","_key":"ae8cf1dad9661"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"November 26, 2024. Accessed November 26, 2024. ","_key":"ae8cf1dad9662"},{"_type":"span","marks":["bbf16e8ced74"],"text":"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/26/upshot/obesity-drugs-medicare-medicaid.html","_key":"e32768b83008"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"989da09b1b87","markDefs":[{"_key":"bbf16e8ced74","nofollow":true,"blank":true,"_type":"link","href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/26/upshot/obesity-drugs-medicare-medicaid.html"}]},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_key":"ad4b374e52ef","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"2. Medicare and Medicaid Programs: Contract Year 2026 Policy and Technical Changes to the Medicare Advantage Program, Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit Program, Medicare Cost Plan Program, and Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly. "},{"marks":["em"],"text":"Federal Register","_key":"6d0320ab3cf4","_type":"span"},{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". Accessed November 26, 2024. https://www.federalregister.gov/public-inspection/2024-27939/medicare-and-medicaid-programs-contract-year-2026-policy-and-technical-changes-to-the-medicare","_key":"664e07dd516a"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"4d85695462a4"},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"3. Ahmad NN, Robinson S, Kennedy-Martin T, Poon JL, Kan H. Clinical outcomes associated with anti-obesity medications in real-world practice: a systematic literature review. 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This approval offers a more accessible treatment option, especially for patients with swallowing difficulties or requiring tailored dosing. Imatinib has shown efficacy as a first-line treatment, particularly in older patients when combined with chemotherapy. However, it poses risks such as edema, hematologic toxicity, and organ complications, necessitating close monitoring. Safety and efficacy in pediatric Ph+ ALL populations remain unestablished.","_createdAt":"2024-11-26T17:08:39Z","body":[{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Yesterday, Marks Shorla Oncology’s announced the FDA’s approval of imatinib (Imkeldi). 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With over 9000 people being diagnosed with CML in 2024, more than 10,000 with MDS or MPD, nearly 6000 with GIST, and upwards of 6500 expected to be diagnosed with ALL by the end of the year—leading to an anticipated 1300 or more deaths—the availability of oral imatinib is set to address a great need for these populations.","_key":"1d4e0eed3f990"},{"_type":"span","marks":["superscript"],"text":"1,2","_key":"985a8197ec5d"}]},{"markDefs":[],"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"","_key":"2bbc0ccc97af0"}],"_type":"block","style":"normal","_key":"0f4a26c15984"},{"children":[{"_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ALL diagnoses are not very common and make up less than 0.5% of all cancer diagnoses throughout the US. Males have a slightly higher risk for ALL than females, and children under 5 years old are thought to carry the greatest risk for ALL. 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