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Forster’s a Passage to India | Jamal Nafi - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/95854072/Skepticism_and_Doubt_A_Study_of_Interpersonal_Relationships_in_E_M_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732508859000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732508859000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Through a close reading of E.M. Forster’s A Passage to India (1924), this paper seeks to expose the various personal relationships depicted in the novel. It also sheds light on the two nations described, the colonizer, represented by the British, and the colonized, represented by the Indians, and their attitudes towards each other. The analytical approach will be adopted throughout the paper. The paper tries to answer a vital question, posed by some Indian characters at the beginning of the narrative: Whether the British and the Indians can be friends. To achieve this end and to answer this question, the main focus will be on the exploration of different relationships developed throughout the text. Some critics have remarked that Forster was over-critical in his portrayal of the Anglo-Indians. Many Englishmen were annoyed and even offended with Forster for writing such a book. But impartial people never take such criticism seriously. A Passage to India is a superbly realistic novel ...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Jamal Nafi"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-01-28","dateModified":null,"datePublished":"2016-01-01","headline":"Skepticism and Doubt: A Study of Interpersonal Relationships in E.M. 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Forster’s A Passage to India (1924), this paper seeks to expose the various personal relationships depicted in the novel. It also sheds light on the two nations described, the colonizer, represented by the British, and the colonized, represented by the Indians, and their attitudes towards each other. The analytical approach will be adopted throughout the paper. The paper tries to answer a vital question, posed by some Indian characters at the beginning of the narrative: Whether the British and the Indians can be friends. To achieve this end and to answer this question, the main focus will be on the exploration of different relationships developed throughout the text. Some critics have remarked that Forster was over-critical in his portrayal of the Anglo-Indians. Many Englishmen were annoyed and even offended with Forster for writing such a book. But impartial people never take such criticism seriously. A Passage to India is a superbly realistic novel ...","publication_date":"2016,,"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Skepticism and Doubt: A Study of Interpersonal Relationships in E.M. Forster’s a Passage to India","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [73337692]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":97919319,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Skepticism and Doubt: A Study of Interpersonal Relationships in E.M. 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Forster’s a Passage to India</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="73337692" href="https://aqu.academia.edu/JamalNafi"><img alt="Profile image of Jamal Nafi" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/73337692/19172415/19118458/s65_jamal.nafi.jpg" />Jamal Nafi</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Through a close reading of E.M. Forster’s A Passage to India (1924), this paper seeks to expose the various personal relationships depicted in the novel. It also sheds light on the two nations described, the colonizer, represented by the British, and the colonized, represented by the Indians, and their attitudes towards each other. The analytical approach will be adopted throughout the paper. The paper tries to answer a vital question, posed by some Indian characters at the beginning of the narrative: Whether the British and the Indians can be friends. To achieve this end and to answer this question, the main focus will be on the exploration of different relationships developed throughout the text. Some critics have remarked that Forster was over-critical in his portrayal of the Anglo-Indians. Many Englishmen were annoyed and even offended with Forster for writing such a book. But impartial people never take such criticism seriously. A Passage to India is a superbly realistic novel ...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":97919319,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/95854072/Skepticism_and_Doubt_A_Study_of_Interpersonal_Relationships_in_E_M_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":97919319,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/95854072/Skepticism_and_Doubt_A_Study_of_Interpersonal_Relationships_in_E_M_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="97919319" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/95854072/Skepticism_and_Doubt_A_Study_of_Interpersonal_Relationships_in_E_M_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="120537996" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120537996/A_Colonial_Worldview_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India">A Colonial Worldview in E.M. Forster’s A Passage to India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6074718" href="https://qurtuba.academia.edu/NijatShah">Nijat Shah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Sir Syed journal of education & social research, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Colonial Worldview in E.M. Forster’s A Passage to India","attachmentId":115654851,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120537996/A_Colonial_Worldview_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/120537996/A_Colonial_Worldview_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="68553393" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68553393/India_and_Indians_in_the_British_Eyes_A_Critical_Estimation_of_the_Novel_A_Passage_to_India_by_E_M_Forster">India and Indians in the British Eyes: A Critical Estimation of the Novel A Passage to India by E. M. Forster</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="97772820" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SamirDey7">Samir Dey</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Vidyasagar University, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">British writers, based on their orientalist discourses, portray their own nation and culture as superior, while the Indians as inferior 'Other'. The British representation of India in 20th century literature, which is the main concern of my paper and to present it I would like to display British impact and their mentality during 18th and 19th century India. I am going to evaluate E. M. Forster's A Passage to India (1924) in my way of discussion because of its loaded details about both the races, their views and particularly India during 20th century. The colonizer's ideology, racial tension, clash of culture, Hindu-Muslim conflict and several others are the crucial aspects of this very novel which perfectly fits my purpose of discussion. The final attempt of my argument is based on the Western or British impact upon post-Independent India and their way of viewing India in the 21 st century.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"India and Indians in the British Eyes: A Critical Estimation of the Novel A Passage to India by E. M. Forster","attachmentId":78988662,"attachmentType":"doc","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68553393/India_and_Indians_in_the_British_Eyes_A_Critical_Estimation_of_the_Novel_A_Passage_to_India_by_E_M_Forster","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68553393/India_and_Indians_in_the_British_Eyes_A_Critical_Estimation_of_the_Novel_A_Passage_to_India_by_E_M_Forster"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="40250848" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40250848/A_BRIEF_ANALYSIS_OF_E_M_FORSTERS_A_PASSAGE_TO_INDIA">A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF E.M. FORSTER'S 'A PASSAGE TO INDIA'</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44551018" href="https://ardahan.academia.edu/baranpercin">Baran Perçin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this paper is to analyse Edward Morgan Forster's novel A Passage to India briefly. The novel may be considered semi-autobiographical and it is his latest novel after his trip to India. Forster created a modern novel that delicately processes the religious and sociocultural themes, especially human relations surrounded by the British colonialists' presence in India. While the question whether a true friendship between the Muslim Indian Doctor Aziz and the English Character Fielding can be established, the British presence in India is often questioned, although Forster clearly does not criticize imperialism. Forster addressed the events from a modernist perspective. Since he himself had liberal characteristics, he conveyed these to some of the characters in the novel. According to him, art can reach beyond the world of man and object but never can leave that world behind, because it should seek and understand meanings and contexts in it. In A Passage to India, he gives the reader the message that despite all the differences people are united. In the novel, not only the conflict between Britain and India is discussed, but also India's own muddle is entreated because the country is divided separately in itself. The challenge in India is actually the difficulty in the face of the derelict universe.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF E.M. FORSTER'S 'A PASSAGE TO INDIA'","attachmentId":60484029,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40250848/A_BRIEF_ANALYSIS_OF_E_M_FORSTERS_A_PASSAGE_TO_INDIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40250848/A_BRIEF_ANALYSIS_OF_E_M_FORSTERS_A_PASSAGE_TO_INDIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="29240668" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29240668/The_Racial_Relationship_depicted_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India_asignment_docx">The Racial Relationship depicted in E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India asignment.docx</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33561264" href="https://sub.academia.edu/MuzahidBillah">Muzahid Billah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">E. M. Forster's A Passage to India is obviously " more than a fictional travelogue, a kind ofInside India " (Karl & Magalaner, 119). It is concerned with matter that may generate confusion, susceptibility and distinct prejudice and set two individuals, even two races face to face in relation to belligerence, intolerance and prejudice. This paper will throw light on thecases that are responsible for encountering the position of East and West. As a text says what it does not say, my probe will dig out the political tension of Indian life and racial relationship in colonial setting from the fictionalized Indian conditions as depicted in A Passage to India. Introduction The novel entitled A Passage to Indiais inspired mainly from E. M. Forster's own experience as a temporary resident in India and his coming in contact with the Indian people and with the British servants, called Anglo-Indians, who were a narrow-minded caste of chauvinistic snobs. A Passage to Indiais a book that has been balanced by Forster for a long time as it was written in 1913 and not published until 1924 and as Boris Ford said: 'Forster, representing the finest and most human in the liberal spirit, began in " APassage to India " the tradition of using Indian life as an image of personal experiences'(1983:319). Although A Passage to Indiais a highly symbolic or even mystical text, it also aims to be a realistic documentation of the attitudes of British colonial officials in India, primarily in Chandapore, a city along the Ganges River, notable only for the nearby Marbar caves. Forster spends large sections of the novel characterizing different typical attitudes the English hold toward the Indians whom they control. Forster's satire is harsh on Englishwomen, whom the author depicts as overwhelmingly racist, self-righteous, and viciously condescending to the native population. Some of the Englishmen in the novel are as nasty as the women, but Forster more often identifies Englishmen as men who, though condescending and unable to relate to Indians on an individual level, are largely well-meaning and invested in their jobs. For all Forster's criticism of the British manner of governing India, however, he does not appear to question the right of the British Empire to rule India. He suggests that the British would be well served by becoming kinder and more sympathetic to the Indians with which they live. A Passage to Indiais an exploration of Anglo-Indian friendship. Forster pays great attention to the description of the two societies that are to be found in India, namely the natives, the Indians, and the new comers, the British, but also to way they interact and to the relationships they establish. Throughout the novel, the barriers of inter-racial friendship in a colonial context are explored thoroughly: A Passage to India is a classic example of how different cultures,when forced to intermix, misunderstand</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Racial Relationship depicted in E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India asignment.docx","attachmentId":49690900,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29240668/The_Racial_Relationship_depicted_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India_asignment_docx","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29240668/The_Racial_Relationship_depicted_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India_asignment_docx"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="11798027" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11798027/The_Tension_of_the_Social_Relations_between_the_Colonizer_and_the_Colonized_in_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India">The Tension of the Social Relations between the Colonizer and the Colonized in Forster’s a Passage to India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29043861" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbdulhafethKhrisat">Abdulhafeth Khrisat</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Tension of the Social Relations between the Colonizer and the Colonized in Forster’s a Passage to India","attachmentId":37880214,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11798027/The_Tension_of_the_Social_Relations_between_the_Colonizer_and_the_Colonized_in_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11798027/The_Tension_of_the_Social_Relations_between_the_Colonizer_and_the_Colonized_in_Forster_s_a_Passage_to_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="74117194" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74117194/Post_Colonial_Study_in_E_M_Forster_s_Novel_A_Passage_to_India">Post-Colonial Study in E. M. Forster’s Novel A Passage to India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="87012036" href="https://nmj.academia.edu/SidharthaSawant">Dr. Sidhartha Sawant</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A Passage to India is a postcolonial novel written by a colonizer about the British rule in India whereby he highlights the racial prejudices and tensions of both the colonizer and the colonized. The novel is a realistic document about the British rule in India. It is the representative postcolonial novel which deals with the racial conflict between the Orient and the Occident. The novel shows how the ruling Anglo-Indians became arrogant and how they destroyed the chance of winning over their Indian subjects. A passage to India is thus a valuable critique of the inhumane treatment of the Indians by their British masters. The racial barrier between the West and the East has been brilliantly and artistically depicted in the novel. Throughout the novel, the barriers of inter-racial friendship in a colonial context are explored thoroughly.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Post-Colonial Study in E. M. Forster’s Novel A Passage to India","attachmentId":82439920,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74117194/Post_Colonial_Study_in_E_M_Forster_s_Novel_A_Passage_to_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74117194/Post_Colonial_Study_in_E_M_Forster_s_Novel_A_Passage_to_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="4953207" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4953207/Rethinking_Identity_The_Coloniser_in_E_M_Forsters_A_Passage_to_India">Rethinking Identity: The Coloniser in E. M. Forster's A Passage to India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6522248" href="https://uitm.academia.edu/AzaharAhmadNizar">Azahar Ahmad Nizar</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rethinking Identity: The Coloniser in E. M. Forster's A Passage to India","attachmentId":32207112,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4953207/Rethinking_Identity_The_Coloniser_in_E_M_Forsters_A_Passage_to_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4953207/Rethinking_Identity_The_Coloniser_in_E_M_Forsters_A_Passage_to_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="105108128" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105108128/A_Passage_to_India_A_Critique_of_Imperialism">A Passage to India: A Critique of Imperialism</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="277199136" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HMezaal">Haider Mezaal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">English Language Institute Journal</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper sheds light on E. M. Forster’s attack against British imperialism in colonial India. It argues that acquiring an official position in the imperialistic administration makes Anglo-Indians so poignant that they start making racial prejudgments about the Indians. This attitude, of course, leads to damage the possibility of establishing friendship between the Indians and the British. The novelist also argues that the inability of comprehending the echo in the caves is yet another cultural barrier; it prevents crossing the bridge between the East and the West. Due to their frustration of establishing friendship with the British, the Indians start fighting for freedom. This paper concludes by highlighting the possibility of future friendship between the British and the Indians.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Passage to India: A Critique of Imperialism","attachmentId":104652504,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105108128/A_Passage_to_India_A_Critique_of_Imperialism","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/105108128/A_Passage_to_India_A_Critique_of_Imperialism"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="81781119" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81781119/Failures_that_Connect_or_Colonial_Friendships_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India">Failures that Connect; or, Colonial Friendships in E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4170686" href="https://uco-us.academia.edu/ShunKiang">Shun Kiang</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">ariel: A Review of International English Literature, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Failures that Connect; or, Colonial Friendships in E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India","attachmentId":87706512,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81781119/Failures_that_Connect_or_Colonial_Friendships_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81781119/Failures_that_Connect_or_Colonial_Friendships_in_E_M_Forster_s_A_Passage_to_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="23669057" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23669057/Ambivalent_Representations_of_India_in_E_M_Forsters_A_Passage_to_India_">Ambivalent Representations of India in E.M. Forster's "A Passage to India"</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1299740" href="https://unito.academia.edu/PierPaoloPiciucco">Pier Paolo Piciucco</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In this paper I tackle the delicate issue of the representations of India in E.M. Forster’s A Passage to India. The ideological readings of the novel have often raised debates with literary critics demonstrating either Forster’s complacence to his dominating race or his remarkable progressive faith to level differences when the colonial mission was still on the agenda. The freshness of my analysis lies not in the choice of an unexplored field of study of course, but in avoiding to make an either/or choice between these two ideological affiliations, and rather to evaluate their seemingly ambiguous co-existence and overlapping, as also the presence of two distinct narrating voices in the novel confirms. Focal points to my theory are an examination of all those referents generally associated to India, with a particular care to the Marabar Caves, Aziz and Godbole as well as a scrutiny of how (Indian) animals are generally observed by both Indian and British characters in the novel.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ambivalent Representations of India in E.M. 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