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The effect of biofilm on susceptibility to staphylococcal infection of different implant materials in vivo is unclear. The interaction of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18509074" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Currently, ica is considered to be the major operon responsible for staphylococcal biofilm. The effect of biofilm on susceptibility to staphylococcal infection of different implant materials in vivo is unclear. The interaction of ica-positive (wild-type (WT)) and ica-negative (ica ) ) Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains with titanium and both smooth and rough stainless steel surfaces was studied by scanning electron microscopy in vitro and in a mouse tissue cage model during 2 weeks following perioperative or postoperative inoculation in vivo. In vitro, WT S. epidermidis adhered equally and more strongly than did WT S. aureus to all materials. Both WT strains, but not ica ) strains, showed multilayered biofilm. In vivo, 300 CFUs of WT and ica ) S. aureus led, in all metal cages, to an infection with a high level of planktonic CFUs and only 0.89% adherent CFUs after 8 days. In contrast, 10 6 CFUs of the WT and ica ) strains were required for postoperative infection with S. epidermidis. In all metal types, planktonic numbers of S. epidermidis dropped to <100 WT, and adherent CFUs were low in WTinfected cages and absent in ica ) -infected cages after 14 days. Perioperative S. epidermidis inoculation resulted in slower clearance than postoperative inoculation, and in titanium cages adherent WT bacteria survived in higher numbers than ica ) bacteria. In conclusion, the metal played a minor role in susceptibility to and persistence of staphylococcal infection; the presence of ica genes had a strong effect on biofilm in vitro and a weak effect in vivo; and S. epidermidis was more pathogenic when introduced during implantation than after implantation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18509074" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ac5ad7a4c084b6ddc5142bc03818c500" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40102488,"asset_id":18509074,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40102488/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68252157" href="https://strossmayer.academia.edu/DamirHudetz">Damir Hudetz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68252157" type="text/json">{"id":68252157,"first_name":"Damir","last_name":"Hudetz","domain_name":"strossmayer","page_name":"DamirHudetz","display_name":"Damir Hudetz","profile_url":"https://strossmayer.academia.edu/DamirHudetz","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18509074">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18509074"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unibasel.academia.edu/RegineLandmann">Regine Landmann</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-18509074'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-18509074').html(); 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The effect of biofilm on susceptibility to staphylococcal infection of different implant materials in vivo is unclear. The interaction of ica-positive (wild-type (WT)) and ica-negative (ica ) ) Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains with titanium and both smooth and rough stainless steel surfaces was studied by scanning electron microscopy in vitro and in a mouse tissue cage model during 2 weeks following perioperative or postoperative inoculation in vivo. In vitro, WT S. epidermidis adhered equally and more strongly than did WT S. aureus to all materials. Both WT strains, but not ica ) strains, showed multilayered biofilm. In vivo, 300 CFUs of WT and ica ) S. aureus led, in all metal cages, to an infection with a high level of planktonic CFUs and only 0.89% adherent CFUs after 8 days. In contrast, 10 6 CFUs of the WT and ica ) strains were required for postoperative infection with S. epidermidis. In all metal types, planktonic numbers of S. epidermidis dropped to \u003c100 WT, and adherent CFUs were low in WTinfected cages and absent in ica ) -infected cages after 14 days. Perioperative S. epidermidis inoculation resulted in slower clearance than postoperative inoculation, and in titanium cages adherent WT bacteria survived in higher numbers than ica ) bacteria. In conclusion, the metal played a minor role in susceptibility to and persistence of staphylococcal infection; the presence of ica genes had a strong effect on biofilm in vitro and a weak effect in vivo; and S. epidermidis was more pathogenic when introduced during implantation than after implantation.","publication":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","publication_with_fallback":"Clinical Microbiology and 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class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Medical device-associated infections, most frequently caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis, are of increasing importance in modern medicine. The formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669799" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Medical device-associated infections, most frequently caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis, are of increasing importance in modern medicine. The formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial biofilms is the most important factor in the pathogenesis of these infections, which regularly fail to respond to appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Progress in elucidating the factors functional in elaboration of S. epidermidis biofilms and the regulation of their expression with a special emphasis on the role of quorum sensing are reviewed. Significant progress has been made in recent years, which provides the rationale for developing better preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic measures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669799" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4aa4e894f3f0404e6a89cc122ccbc65b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529387,"asset_id":34669799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529387/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669799"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669799, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669799", }); 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The formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial biofilms is the most important factor in the pathogenesis of these infections, which regularly fail to respond to appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Progress in elucidating the factors functional in elaboration of S. epidermidis biofilms and the regulation of their expression with a special emphasis on the role of quorum sensing are reviewed. Significant progress has been made in recent years, which provides the rationale for developing better preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic measures.","publication":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","publication_with_fallback":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529387,"asset_id":34669799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529387/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529387/s00216-006-0745-220170925-26160-fm3iu5-libre.pdf?1506343225=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrobial_interactions_in_Staphylococcus.pdf\u0026Expires=1739723095\u0026Signature=MlTIpb2UymlRiQaTZoNbmYCVAGDepL4D~ADIHlSWS4GvHSdOv-dvfOM5tkQGkzxaau3f5-InsT4y64XGChxn-2ibkZR5SJ7zGtFZRNky-s5-qgfn3kr7OkHch-6ADc4-iwhqHoNHSt2~BR6UGjQI1E1oUyBxAJMcKCrfBvSlJ88fxgb~R3qlqLrTEDqanRoOgq8taBCcOcDulwf3oVzfn9OCixANGl4OApdraJOcxrYsvKHIuGFOpuPfPwrmeDTn26Bye9XkYQz47T~0netaDPJXQO5Mzamzgn1GiClaguuzo1pdBkct0rlC1rKiu1Luo3s7NGGVgBbDkdeMIv3A6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529387/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529387/mini_magick20190116-5362-3wai4w.png?1547689723"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529387,"asset_id":34669799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529387/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529387/s00216-006-0745-220170925-26160-fm3iu5-libre.pdf?1506343225=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrobial_interactions_in_Staphylococcus.pdf\u0026Expires=1739723095\u0026Signature=MlTIpb2UymlRiQaTZoNbmYCVAGDepL4D~ADIHlSWS4GvHSdOv-dvfOM5tkQGkzxaau3f5-InsT4y64XGChxn-2ibkZR5SJ7zGtFZRNky-s5-qgfn3kr7OkHch-6ADc4-iwhqHoNHSt2~BR6UGjQI1E1oUyBxAJMcKCrfBvSlJ88fxgb~R3qlqLrTEDqanRoOgq8taBCcOcDulwf3oVzfn9OCixANGl4OApdraJOcxrYsvKHIuGFOpuPfPwrmeDTn26Bye9XkYQz47T~0netaDPJXQO5Mzamzgn1GiClaguuzo1pdBkct0rlC1rKiu1Luo3s7NGGVgBbDkdeMIv3A6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529387/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529387/mini_magick20190116-5362-3wai4w.png?1547689723"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":10,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos 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epidermidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_epidermidis"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES"},{"id":621932,"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_and_Bioanalytical_Chemistry"},{"id":846581,"name":"Cell communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_communication"},{"id":860622,"name":"Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobial_photodynamic_therapy"},{"id":1963947,"name":"Coagulase Negative Staphylococci","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coagulase_Negative_Staphylococci"}],"publication_year":2007,"publication_year_with_fallback":2007,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":125,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669800" data-work_id="34669800" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669800/Staphylococcus_aureus_CcpA_Affects_Virulence_Determinant_Production_and_Antibiotic_Resistance">Staphylococcus aureus CcpA Affects Virulence Determinant Production and Antibiotic Resistance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Carbon catabolite protein A (CcpA) is known to function as a major regulator of gene expression in different gram-positive organisms. Deletion of the ccpA homologue (saCOL1786) in Staphylococcus aureus was found to affect growth, glucose... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669800" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Carbon catabolite protein A (CcpA) is known to function as a major regulator of gene expression in different gram-positive organisms. Deletion of the ccpA homologue (saCOL1786) in Staphylococcus aureus was found to affect growth, glucose metabolization, and transcription of selected virulence determinants. In liquid culture, deletion of CcpA decreased the growth rate and yield; however, the effect was only transient during the exponential-growth phase as long as glucose was present in the medium. Depletion of glucose and production of lactate was delayed, while the level of excretion of acetate was less affected and was even higher in the mutant culture. On solid medium, in contrast, growth of the ⌬ccpA mutant resulted in smaller colonies containing a lower number of CFU per colony.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669800" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c2e5d7e7df989eb5e71120f9906e9fb8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529380,"asset_id":34669800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529380/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669800"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669800, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669800", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34669800]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34669800").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34669800").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34669800"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12757" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcription_regulation_of_development">Transcription regulation of development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12757" type="text/json">{"id":12757,"name":"Transcription regulation of development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcription_regulation_of_development","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27784" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression">Gene expression</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27784" type="text/json">{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34669800]'), work: {"id":34669800,"title":"Staphylococcus aureus CcpA Affects Virulence Determinant Production and Antibiotic Resistance","created_at":"2017-09-25T04:42:31.927-07:00","owner_id":68558572,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/34669800/Staphylococcus_aureus_CcpA_Affects_Virulence_Determinant_Production_and_Antibiotic_Resistance","slug":"Staphylococcus_aureus_CcpA_Affects_Virulence_Determinant_Production_and_Antibiotic_Resistance","dom_id":"work_34669800","summary":"Carbon catabolite protein A (CcpA) is known to function as a major regulator of gene expression in different gram-positive organisms. Deletion of the ccpA homologue (saCOL1786) in Staphylococcus aureus was found to affect growth, glucose metabolization, and transcription of selected virulence determinants. In liquid culture, deletion of CcpA decreased the growth rate and yield; however, the effect was only transient during the exponential-growth phase as long as glucose was present in the medium. Depletion of glucose and production of lactate was delayed, while the level of excretion of acetate was less affected and was even higher in the mutant culture. On solid medium, in contrast, growth of the ⌬ccpA mutant resulted in smaller colonies containing a lower number of CFU per colony.","publication":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy","publication_with_fallback":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529380,"asset_id":34669800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529380/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529380/1183-libre.pdf?1506343231=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStaphylococcus_aureus_CcpA_Affects_Virul.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799660\u0026Signature=NeEurkM5JjsrlDSer3SCJoXEEiiTNgpgbRwmIxTC3t9yUm51TWS-6FVbaImTnyYy3qigK7mIOc9zkRMcPxjQxJSrF16Q8QZcceezcEnX2JV3C6xAfsX60yAyLJUpJJ6vkvzVROaoRC9sag5GHVPkicdq1KSJgPMjnUaV9ol78Tw4P8B-ey9SMfs-n4W7tQQ6TKOEF11~I56LteNLVOsl9D9lbEM3Obi9ezgeTb3oeLH6dN8tI82q9dm6mDyxkvoetBvwdco-~uDCUKtgnHsmvUz5soUY5vXjXYfFgRKFXQSsm~Y-ovBdQE42~7dS4Rtf-~G9Lw5L3D6rJihz7KLyrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529380/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529380/mini_magick20190116-20432-1m7am7c.png?1547689792"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529380,"asset_id":34669800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529380/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529380/1183-libre.pdf?1506343231=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStaphylococcus_aureus_CcpA_Affects_Virul.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799660\u0026Signature=NeEurkM5JjsrlDSer3SCJoXEEiiTNgpgbRwmIxTC3t9yUm51TWS-6FVbaImTnyYy3qigK7mIOc9zkRMcPxjQxJSrF16Q8QZcceezcEnX2JV3C6xAfsX60yAyLJUpJJ6vkvzVROaoRC9sag5GHVPkicdq1KSJgPMjnUaV9ol78Tw4P8B-ey9SMfs-n4W7tQQ6TKOEF11~I56LteNLVOsl9D9lbEM3Obi9ezgeTb3oeLH6dN8tI82q9dm6mDyxkvoetBvwdco-~uDCUKtgnHsmvUz5soUY5vXjXYfFgRKFXQSsm~Y-ovBdQE42~7dS4Rtf-~G9Lw5L3D6rJihz7KLyrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529380/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529380/mini_magick20190116-20432-1m7am7c.png?1547689792"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":12,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669801" data-work_id="34669801" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669801/Lucilia_sericata_Chymotrypsin_Disrupts_Protein_Adhesin_Mediated_Staphylococcal_Biofilm_Formation">Lucilia sericata Chymotrypsin Disrupts Protein Adhesin-Mediated Staphylococcal Biofilm Formation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms cause chronic infections due to their ability to form biofilms. The excretions/secretions of Lucilia sericata larvae (maggots) have effective activity for debridement and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669801" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms cause chronic infections due to their ability to form biofilms. The excretions/secretions of Lucilia sericata larvae (maggots) have effective activity for debridement and disruption of bacterial biofilms. In this paper, we demonstrate how chymotrypsin derived from maggot excretions/secretions disrupts protein-dependent bacterial biofilm formation mechanisms.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669801" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="33c8509102c10fc4577038d68140d62e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529382,"asset_id":34669801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529382/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669801 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669801"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669801, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669801", }); 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The excretions/secretions of Lucilia sericata larvae (maggots) have effective activity for debridement and disruption of bacterial biofilms. In this paper, we demonstrate how chymotrypsin derived from maggot excretions/secretions disrupts protein-dependent bacterial biofilm formation mechanisms.","publication":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","publication_with_fallback":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529382,"asset_id":34669801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529382/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529382/1393.full-libre.pdf?1506343228=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLucilia_sericata_Chymotrypsin_Disrupts_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1739499730\u0026Signature=cKo2Aa9pt5Dk~Rrc1m8vRH6-BaOAGE2N5U-VbgcTZp2uV2ln3m9X6O~UN3SWCi~0tShe9gjufz2qFpbI0pRf8LLdk~-a77W8KoNt6H7BsguLTmFKsu0CyQVSrMTJ5GytUqxVq13YcVujvlVy~YIHCYmDTz00YM2CuSHOP4Hh4XSWbY2~CKTJl2OB0r0D1mveOOIJPveRzZGz7X0he0Q8RWLYWNG0dm7yQiMlGJle51G5jDYeLkAOYkt7t9uRrCtIhyEBPnqaqPVJFX9GJJU9Ogl4p8mpu9gos5uLjWaTOsub6vLA-Xu9XOKvsY9DQLT5AaByKkigbqDP1JSIIwF-4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529382/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529382/mini_magick20190116-9445-sbplse.png?1547689744"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529382,"asset_id":34669801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529382/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529382/1393.full-libre.pdf?1506343228=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLucilia_sericata_Chymotrypsin_Disrupts_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1739499730\u0026Signature=cKo2Aa9pt5Dk~Rrc1m8vRH6-BaOAGE2N5U-VbgcTZp2uV2ln3m9X6O~UN3SWCi~0tShe9gjufz2qFpbI0pRf8LLdk~-a77W8KoNt6H7BsguLTmFKsu0CyQVSrMTJ5GytUqxVq13YcVujvlVy~YIHCYmDTz00YM2CuSHOP4Hh4XSWbY2~CKTJl2OB0r0D1mveOOIJPveRzZGz7X0he0Q8RWLYWNG0dm7yQiMlGJle51G5jDYeLkAOYkt7t9uRrCtIhyEBPnqaqPVJFX9GJJU9Ogl4p8mpu9gos5uLjWaTOsub6vLA-Xu9XOKvsY9DQLT5AaByKkigbqDP1JSIIwF-4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529382/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529382/mini_magick20190116-9445-sbplse.png?1547689744"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":3,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2187,"name":"Biofilms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary","nofollow":true},{"id":107664,"name":"Applied Environmental Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Environmental_Microbiology","nofollow":true},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus","nofollow":true},{"id":231584,"name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_epidermidis"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva"},{"id":461851,"name":"Diptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diptera"},{"id":2169199,"name":"Chymotrypsin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chymotrypsin"}],"publication_year":2013,"publication_year_with_fallback":2013,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":9,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669803" data-work_id="34669803" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669803/Staphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_titanium_oxide_surfaces_coated_with_non_functionalized_and_peptide_functionalized_poly_l_lysine_grafted_poly_ethylene_glycol_copolymers">Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to titanium oxide surfaces coated with non-functionalized and peptide-functionalized poly(l-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Implanted biomaterials are coated immediately with host plasma constituents, including extracellular matrix (ECM); this reaction may be undesirable in some cases. Poly(l-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG) has been shown to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669803" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Implanted biomaterials are coated immediately with host plasma constituents, including extracellular matrix (ECM); this reaction may be undesirable in some cases. Poly(l-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG) has been shown to spontaneously adsorb from aqueous solution onto metal oxide surfaces, effectively reducing the degree of non-specific adsorption of blood and ECM proteins, and decreasing the adhesion of fibroblastic and osteoblastic cells to the coated surfaces. Cell adhesion through specific peptide-integrin receptors could be restored on surfaces coated with PLL-g-PEG functionalized with peptides of the RGD (Arg-Asp-Gly) type. To date, no study has examined the effect of surface modifications by PLL-g-PEG-based polymers on bacterial adhesion. The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to adhere to the ECM and plasma proteins deposited on biomaterials is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of medical-device-related infections. This study describes methods for visualizing and quantifying the adhesion of S. aureus to smooth and rough (chemically etched) titanium surfaces without and with monomolecular coatings of PLL-g-PEG, PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RGD and PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RDG: The different surfaces were exposed to S. aureus cultures for 1-24 h and bacteria surface density was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Coating titanium surfaces with any of the three types of copolymers significantly decreased the adhesion of S. aureus to the surfaces by 89-93% for PLL-g-PEG, and 69% for PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RGD. Therefore, surfaces coated with PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RGD have the ability to attach cells such as fibroblasts and osteoblasts while showing reduced S. aureus adhesion, resulting in a selective biointeraction pattern that may be useful for applications in the area of osteosynthesis, orthopaedic and dental implantology. r</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669803" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9422e92c5ae701a30ad8bfd123fb6508" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529404,"asset_id":34669803,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529404/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669803 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669803"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669803, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669803", }); 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this reaction may be undesirable in some cases. Poly(l-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG) has been shown to spontaneously adsorb from aqueous solution onto metal oxide surfaces, effectively reducing the degree of non-specific adsorption of blood and ECM proteins, and decreasing the adhesion of fibroblastic and osteoblastic cells to the coated surfaces. Cell adhesion through specific peptide-integrin receptors could be restored on surfaces coated with PLL-g-PEG functionalized with peptides of the RGD (Arg-Asp-Gly) type. To date, no study has examined the effect of surface modifications by PLL-g-PEG-based polymers on bacterial adhesion. The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to adhere to the ECM and plasma proteins deposited on biomaterials is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of medical-device-related infections. This study describes methods for visualizing and quantifying the adhesion of S. aureus to smooth and rough (chemically etched) titanium surfaces without and with monomolecular coatings of PLL-g-PEG, PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RGD and PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RDG: The different surfaces were exposed to S. aureus cultures for 1-24 h and bacteria surface density was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Coating titanium surfaces with any of the three types of copolymers significantly decreased the adhesion of S. aureus to the surfaces by 89-93% for PLL-g-PEG, and 69% for PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RGD. Therefore, surfaces coated with PLL-g-PEG/PEG-RGD have the ability to attach cells such as fibroblasts and osteoblasts while showing reduced S. aureus adhesion, resulting in a selective biointeraction pattern that may be useful for applications in the area of osteosynthesis, orthopaedic and dental implantology. 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Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from prosthetic hip and knee joint infections</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nosocomial staphylococcal foreign-body infections related to biofilm formation are a serious threat, demanding new therapeutic and preventive strategies. As the use of biofilm-associated factors as vaccines is critically restricted by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669804" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nosocomial staphylococcal foreign-body infections related to biofilm formation are a serious threat, demanding new therapeutic and preventive strategies. As the use of biofilm-associated factors as vaccines is critically restricted by their prevalence in natural staphylococcal populations we studied the distribution of genes involved in biofilm formation, the biofilm phenotype and production of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) in clonally independent Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from prosthetic joint infections after total hip or total knee arthroplasty. Biofilm formation was detected in all S. aureus and 69.2% of S. epidermidis strains. Importantly, 27% of biofilm-positive S. epidermidis produced PIA-independent biofilms, in part mediated by the accumulation associated protein (Aap). Protein-dependent biofilms were exclusively found in S. epidermidis strains from total hip arthroplasty (THA). In S. aureus PIA and proteins act cooperatively in biofilm formation regardless of the infection site. PIA and protein factors like Aap are of differential importance for the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis in prosthetic joint infections (PJI) after THA and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), implicating that icaADBC cannot serve as a general virulence marker in this species. In S. aureus biofilm formation proteins are of overall importance and future work should focus on the identification of functionally active molecules. r</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669804" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7fe8d7fb12618e31ffa163a196adf53d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529385,"asset_id":34669804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529385/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669804"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669804, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669804", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34669804]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34669804").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34669804").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34669804"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2187" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms">Biofilms</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2187" type="text/json">{"id":2187,"name":"Biofilms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2698" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomaterials">Biomaterials</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2698" type="text/json">{"id":2698,"name":"Biomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomaterials","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="116078" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="116078" type="text/json">{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34669804]'), work: {"id":34669804,"title":"Polysaccharide intercellular adhesin or protein factors in biofilm accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from prosthetic hip and knee joint infections","created_at":"2017-09-25T04:42:32.265-07:00","owner_id":68558572,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/34669804/Polysaccharide_intercellular_adhesin_or_protein_factors_in_biofilm_accumulation_of_Staphylococcus_epidermidis_and_Staphylococcus_aureus_isolated_from_prosthetic_hip_and_knee_joint_infections","slug":"Polysaccharide_intercellular_adhesin_or_protein_factors_in_biofilm_accumulation_of_Staphylococcus_epidermidis_and_Staphylococcus_aureus_isolated_from_prosthetic_hip_and_knee_joint_infections","dom_id":"work_34669804","summary":"Nosocomial staphylococcal foreign-body infections related to biofilm formation are a serious threat, demanding new therapeutic and preventive strategies. 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In S. aureus biofilm formation proteins are of overall importance and future work should focus on the identification of functionally active molecules. r","publication":"Biomaterials","publication_with_fallback":"Biomaterials","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529385,"asset_id":34669804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529385/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529385/j.biomaterials.2006.11.04620170925-3122-i5dmh6-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPolysaccharide_intercellular_adhesin_or.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799660\u0026Signature=eTOFTpZykY2UZQ60kfSowzmJO6vJKTvnYvDs3DfSQ5os~PZnDbv7ZtnRi-IyNBMHVZ5qQMwsT4td3Uv54UIBa2ok449TRzakxFaE18x02RjwkPML4nPwvNhTz8N4~vX0rvpCwSUHrSHFSqJN4pVy6T~y~x8DTdM6Vewjw9WJnhH3mGzxs-gMrN6gpgdNamxrdQCm9~TXgOpE-NNJwLPo73NoyFYFgw0ayGfc6GUVOVO8S4ewi~uX84L8wgueaRjdw2KkZ-rKdGg4hF0cpwUU8p4~yw5rykHMOG9I2svtC2Si~o82HClyZ0CO1pLBhrF~XWPMxjIzP688tvgBf2e7xg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529385/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529385/mini_magick20190116-5353-7powae.png?1547689722"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529385,"asset_id":34669804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529385/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529385/j.biomaterials.2006.11.04620170925-3122-i5dmh6-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPolysaccharide_intercellular_adhesin_or.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=YRpQjw7ocoOuAJaIu7XT4if0Fpv0o7fKf3j-gmpyDPnCtmqLT8igBjpE01NMH8c-LGdLEtEiQKbGkYAtDeD8c21tuMmEW5H7~U0kDFQT26Mha~uX4UYN2V-D--qt7zcyt4T0sW~UpTpj3ldTCKogQvc1lv--G5bs9xfCYTpxBjI9EdA0edDSJmWsolUQsmHkZjzCjb-7Zs82cg59I2UDpe-HIQYJ8X5uBfaiswtYoz5c~7l4BtGMWnJjIJBw~MkBH1ceT6Kd4Pb1OgnUysH0MgYJduP5l~2exSf4L-WbF7lWaEuPmkwxeMkBqcLuy1ZHX8QaAGDK9oY-lkZ0ruFTkQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529385/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529385/mini_magick20190116-5353-7powae.png?1547689722"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":10,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2187,"name":"Biofilms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms","nofollow":true},{"id":2698,"name":"Biomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomaterials","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary","nofollow":true},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus","nofollow":true},{"id":231584,"name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_epidermidis"},{"id":1145265,"name":"Knee Joint","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knee_Joint"},{"id":1309758,"name":"Total Hip","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Hip"},{"id":2560446,"name":"Total Knee Arthroplasty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Knee_Arthroplasty"},{"id":2560984,"name":"foreign body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/foreign_body"},{"id":2592731,"name":"Total hip arthroplasty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_hip_arthroplasty"}],"publication_year":2007,"publication_year_with_fallback":2007,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":118,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669805" data-work_id="34669805" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669805/Living_with_an_imperfect_cell_wall_compensation_of_femAB_inactivation_in_Staphylococcus_aureus">Living with an imperfect cell wall: compensation of femAB inactivation in Staphylococcus aureus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Synthesis of the Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan pentaglycine interpeptide bridge is catalyzed by the nonribosomal peptidyl transferases FemX, FemA and FemB. Inactivation of the femAB operon reduces the interpeptide to a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669805" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Synthesis of the Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan pentaglycine interpeptide bridge is catalyzed by the nonribosomal peptidyl transferases FemX, FemA and FemB. Inactivation of the femAB operon reduces the interpeptide to a monoglycine, leading to a poorly crosslinked peptidoglycan. femAB mutants show a reduced growth rate and are hypersusceptible to virtually all antibiotics, including methicillin, making FemAB a potential target to restore β-lactam susceptibility in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Cis-complementation with wild type femAB only restores synthesis of the pentaglycine interpeptide and methicillin resistance, but the growth rate remains low. This study characterizes the adaptations that ensured survival of the cells after femAB inactivation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669805" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="82d254e6185c9889acdfcd223c4886bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529398,"asset_id":34669805,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529398/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669805 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669805"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669805, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669805", }); 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Inactivation of the femAB operon reduces the interpeptide to a monoglycine, leading to a poorly crosslinked peptidoglycan. femAB mutants show a reduced growth rate and are hypersusceptible to virtually all antibiotics, including methicillin, making FemAB a potential target to restore β-lactam susceptibility in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Cis-complementation with wild type femAB only restores synthesis of the pentaglycine interpeptide and methicillin resistance, but the growth rate remains low. This study characterizes the adaptations that ensured survival of the cells after femAB inactivation.","publication":"BMC Genomics","publication_with_fallback":"BMC Genomics","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529398,"asset_id":34669805,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529398/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529398/1471-2164-8-307-libre.pdf?1506343228=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLiving_with_an_imperfect_cell_wall_compe.pdf\u0026Expires=1739723096\u0026Signature=ToshvdOiaGk5qyeLvm1N8bXtelETCchqo7dQX8t1nYrGRQXwsZNTPjKFuqE6yoQRSTPPHkijmZRWYhj8zw1OY6H-pUMeOvTKYuBE4jVdobucEBOcZZipiRPS1jer0WfFIqxlJbVoSqkPEQhYzcsgX0HynWq6KJn~mMBLEbFoPouWCWZOJRI9tMiHvor0PAUXvK7i0fpzchDRsCu9aLxwRvmGDc6vBvL0EMAWA6ZhRRGcVWIGNVrtIbWvDyxHhBHyrfyacdPa1l0j6gTvPFI2hU-mbDau3zE17QvSJR9eqnXVIWcZPrz2Fch8NKgTrqtoxqvDCnyzpMqdeOSZ0CAR1w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529398/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529398/mini_magick20190116-5353-1iuotx0.png?1547689724"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529398,"asset_id":34669805,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529398/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529398/1471-2164-8-307-libre.pdf?1506343228=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLiving_with_an_imperfect_cell_wall_compe.pdf\u0026Expires=1739723096\u0026Signature=ToshvdOiaGk5qyeLvm1N8bXtelETCchqo7dQX8t1nYrGRQXwsZNTPjKFuqE6yoQRSTPPHkijmZRWYhj8zw1OY6H-pUMeOvTKYuBE4jVdobucEBOcZZipiRPS1jer0WfFIqxlJbVoSqkPEQhYzcsgX0HynWq6KJn~mMBLEbFoPouWCWZOJRI9tMiHvor0PAUXvK7i0fpzchDRsCu9aLxwRvmGDc6vBvL0EMAWA6ZhRRGcVWIGNVrtIbWvDyxHhBHyrfyacdPa1l0j6gTvPFI2hU-mbDau3zE17QvSJR9eqnXVIWcZPrz2Fch8NKgTrqtoxqvDCnyzpMqdeOSZ0CAR1w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529398/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529398/mini_magick20190116-5353-1iuotx0.png?1547689724"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":15,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3216,"name":"Genomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics","nofollow":true},{"id":4233,"name":"Computational Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":16061,"name":"Polysaccharides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polysaccharides","nofollow":true},{"id":32923,"name":"Gene Silencing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Silencing","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation"},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature"},{"id":166801,"name":"Nitrogen metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_metabolism"},{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate"},{"id":587939,"name":"Virulence factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virulence_factor"},{"id":837135,"name":"Cell Wall","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Wall"},{"id":956891,"name":"Glycine Betaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glycine_Betaine"},{"id":1543593,"name":"Temperature Sensitive Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Sensitive_Polymer"},{"id":1578259,"name":"Fitness cost","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fitness_cost"},{"id":1750690,"name":"Microarray Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microarray_Data"}],"publication_year":2007,"publication_year_with_fallback":2007,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":24,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669806" data-work_id="34669806" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669806/An_extracellular_Staphylococcus_epidermidis_polysaccharide_relation_to_Polysaccharide_Intercellular_Adhesin_and_its_implication_in_phagocytosis">An extracellular Staphylococcus epidermidis polysaccharide: relation to Polysaccharide Intercellular Adhesin and its implication in phagocytosis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: The skin commensal and opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis is a leading cause of hospital-acquired and biomaterial-associated infections. The polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), a homoglycan composed of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669806" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: The skin commensal and opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis is a leading cause of hospital-acquired and biomaterial-associated infections. The polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), a homoglycan composed of β-1,6-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues, synthesized by enzymes encoded in icaADBC is a major functional factor in biofilm accumulation, promoting virulence in experimental biomaterial-associated S. epidermidis infection. Extracellular mucous layer extracts of S. epidermidis contain another major polysaccharide, referred to as 20-kDa polysaccharide (20-kDaPS), composed mainly out of glucose, N-acetylglucosamine, and being partially sulfated. 20-kDaPS antiserum prevents adhesion of S. epidermidis on endothelial cells and development of experimental keratitis in rabbits. Here we provide experimental evidence that 20-kDaPS and PIA represent distinct molecules and that 20-kDaPS is implicated in endocytosis of S. epidermidis bacterial cells by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Results: Analysis of 75 clinical coagulase-negative staphylococci from blood-cultures and central venous catheter tips indicated that 20-kDaPS is expressed exclusively in S. epidermidis but not in other coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. Tn917-insertion in various locations in icaADBC in mutants M10, M22, M23, and M24 of S. epidermidis 1457 are abolished for PIA synthesis, while 20-kDaPS expression appears unaltered as compared to wild-type strains using specific anti-PIA and anti-20-kDaPS antisera. While periodate oxidation and dispersin B treatments abolish immuno-reactivity and intercellular adhesive properties of PIA, no abrogative activity is exerted towards 20-kDaPS immunochemical reactivity following these treatments. PIA polysaccharide I-containing fractions eluting from Q-Sepharose were devoid of detectable 20-kDaPS using specific ELISA. Preincubation of non-20-kDaPS-producing clinical strain with increasing amounts of 20-kDaPS inhibits endocytosis by human macrophages, whereas, preincubation of 20-kDaPS-producing strain ATCC35983 with 20-kDaPS antiserum enhances bacterial endocytosis by human macrophages. Conclusions: In conclusion, icaADBC is not involved in 20-kDaPS synthesis, while the chemical and chromatographic properties of PIA and 20-kDaPS are distinct. 20-kDaPS exhibits anti-phagocytic properties, whereas, 20-kDaPS antiserum may have a beneficial effect on combating infection by 20-kDaPS-producing S. epidermidis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669806" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d5b7422ab5c6cd571dece7b49ff7b2f0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529393,"asset_id":34669806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529393/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669806 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669806"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669806, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669806", }); 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The polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), a homoglycan composed of β-1,6-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues, synthesized by enzymes encoded in icaADBC is a major functional factor in biofilm accumulation, promoting virulence in experimental biomaterial-associated S. epidermidis infection. Extracellular mucous layer extracts of S. epidermidis contain another major polysaccharide, referred to as 20-kDa polysaccharide (20-kDaPS), composed mainly out of glucose, N-acetylglucosamine, and being partially sulfated. 20-kDaPS antiserum prevents adhesion of S. epidermidis on endothelial cells and development of experimental keratitis in rabbits. Here we provide experimental evidence that 20-kDaPS and PIA represent distinct molecules and that 20-kDaPS is implicated in endocytosis of S. epidermidis bacterial cells by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Results: Analysis of 75 clinical coagulase-negative staphylococci from blood-cultures and central venous catheter tips indicated that 20-kDaPS is expressed exclusively in S. epidermidis but not in other coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. Tn917-insertion in various locations in icaADBC in mutants M10, M22, M23, and M24 of S. epidermidis 1457 are abolished for PIA synthesis, while 20-kDaPS expression appears unaltered as compared to wild-type strains using specific anti-PIA and anti-20-kDaPS antisera. While periodate oxidation and dispersin B treatments abolish immuno-reactivity and intercellular adhesive properties of PIA, no abrogative activity is exerted towards 20-kDaPS immunochemical reactivity following these treatments. PIA polysaccharide I-containing fractions eluting from Q-Sepharose were devoid of detectable 20-kDaPS using specific ELISA. Preincubation of non-20-kDaPS-producing clinical strain with increasing amounts of 20-kDaPS inhibits endocytosis by human macrophages, whereas, preincubation of 20-kDaPS-producing strain ATCC35983 with 20-kDaPS antiserum enhances bacterial endocytosis by human macrophages. Conclusions: In conclusion, icaADBC is not involved in 20-kDaPS synthesis, while the chemical and chromatographic properties of PIA and 20-kDaPS are distinct. 20-kDaPS exhibits anti-phagocytic properties, whereas, 20-kDaPS antiserum may have a beneficial effect on combating infection by 20-kDaPS-producing S. epidermidis.","publication":"BMC Microbiology","publication_with_fallback":"BMC Microbiology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529393,"asset_id":34669806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529393/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529393/1471-2180-12-7620170925-3124-1vv9fnh-libre.pdf?1506343224=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_extracellular_Staphylococcus_epidermi.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=TQptNzTdNk27lEJqDGP1B-wi3WfbQbax6JKOOQ~SDJ7hzfcmmHNiUL7jjgV5SDnkmMez6jhONB9AVeXvZH~Z9oOtza1mRG81zfKHvhl7nksWRdFgNShjVL-5Om5fQjJK0jjZx9JvRqH2MVhwfJU~oxRpRKoDrIVl5HUaMXI2mmXtSRZjFEvyz-9ugqxIB09Heyt63a3LnyIqql6W~bXeq-NetG4~I95cmh3s17VgXztxEOmX8Bz1Le0r4QJK9rhrsM0Ie5crjMVX-fejG1rjY0hUvF~Wo9XLBd7caSaU~DJ~7ATdO96QZkdi4DXjWsD76rRzV4XpXgmGhp37YjPz2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529393/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529393/mini_magick20190116-9448-1at4pm7.png?1547689747"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529393,"asset_id":34669806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529393/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529393/1471-2180-12-7620170925-3124-1vv9fnh-libre.pdf?1506343224=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_extracellular_Staphylococcus_epidermi.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=TQptNzTdNk27lEJqDGP1B-wi3WfbQbax6JKOOQ~SDJ7hzfcmmHNiUL7jjgV5SDnkmMez6jhONB9AVeXvZH~Z9oOtza1mRG81zfKHvhl7nksWRdFgNShjVL-5Om5fQjJK0jjZx9JvRqH2MVhwfJU~oxRpRKoDrIVl5HUaMXI2mmXtSRZjFEvyz-9ugqxIB09Heyt63a3LnyIqql6W~bXeq-NetG4~I95cmh3s17VgXztxEOmX8Bz1Le0r4QJK9rhrsM0Ie5crjMVX-fejG1rjY0hUvF~Wo9XLBd7caSaU~DJ~7ATdO96QZkdi4DXjWsD76rRzV4XpXgmGhp37YjPz2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529393/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529393/mini_magick20190116-9448-1at4pm7.png?1547689747"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":15,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17491,"name":"Macrophages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":231584,"name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_epidermidis","nofollow":true},{"id":376644,"name":"Phagocytosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phagocytosis","nofollow":true},{"id":695018,"name":"Molecular weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_weight"},{"id":1810445,"name":"Gene expression profiling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression_profiling"}],"publication_year":2012,"publication_year_with_fallback":2012,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":17,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669807" data-work_id="34669807" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669807/Influence_of_nitrovasodilators_and_endothelin_1_on_rheology_of_human_blood_in_vitro">Influence of nitrovasodilators and endothelin-1 on rheology of human blood in vitro</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1 The shear stress of¯owing blood profoundly in¯uences the release of endothelium-dependent vasodilative and constrictive factors. Conversely, the in¯uence of these mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) on blood... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669807" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1 The shear stress of¯owing blood profoundly in¯uences the release of endothelium-dependent vasodilative and constrictive factors. Conversely, the in¯uence of these mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) on blood rheology remains elusive. In the present study the in¯uence of nitrovasodilators and ET-1 on red blood cell (RBC) shape and whole blood viscosity were investigated. 2 Incubation of whole blood with sodium-nitroprusside (SNP, 10 75 ± 10 72 M), glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, 0.0001 ± 0.1 mg mL 71 ), S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, 10 76 ± 10 73 M), and the active metabolite of molsidomine (SIN-1, 10 76 ± 10 73 M), but not molsidomine (10 76 ± 10 73 M), resulted in signi®cantly increased amounts of methaemoglobin, indicating a relevant interaction with RBCs. Treatment with SNP at 10 72 M induced a marked echinocytosis (morphological index: 2.23+0.98 vs 70.17+0.10; P50.001) and increased blood viscosity (haematocrit 45%) at a high shear rate of 94.5 s 71 (6.46+0.60 vs 5.07+0.35 mPa×s; P50.01) and a low shear rate of 0.1 s 71 (88.6+36.8 vs 42.1+11.7 mPa×s; P50.01). Echinocytosis was probably due to cyanide accumulation. SIN-1 at 10 73 M slightly decreased high shear viscosity (4.88+0.28 vs 4.95+0.30 mPa×s; P50.05). SNAP at 10 73 M slightly increased both high (5.14+0.23 vs 5.05+0.24 mPa×s; P50.01) and low shear (53.9+7.2 vs 51.2+5.9 mPa×s; P50.05) viscosity. Molsidomine and GTN failed to in¯uence whole blood viscosity. ET-1 (10 79 ± 10 76 M) had no eect on RBC shape and viscosity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669807" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7abb3f23bb90bb5a6e37b39785175978" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529408,"asset_id":34669807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529408/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669807 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669807"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669807, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669807", }); 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Conversely, the in¯uence of these mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) on blood rheology remains elusive. In the present study the in¯uence of nitrovasodilators and ET-1 on red blood cell (RBC) shape and whole blood viscosity were investigated. 2 Incubation of whole blood with sodium-nitroprusside (SNP, 10 75 ± 10 72 M), glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, 0.0001 ± 0.1 mg mL 71 ), S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, 10 76 ± 10 73 M), and the active metabolite of molsidomine (SIN-1, 10 76 ± 10 73 M), but not molsidomine (10 76 ± 10 73 M), resulted in signi®cantly increased amounts of methaemoglobin, indicating a relevant interaction with RBCs. Treatment with SNP at 10 72 M induced a marked echinocytosis (morphological index: 2.23+0.98 vs 70.17+0.10; P50.001) and increased blood viscosity (haematocrit 45%) at a high shear rate of 94.5 s 71 (6.46+0.60 vs 5.07+0.35 mPa×s; P50.01) and a low shear rate of 0.1 s 71 (88.6+36.8 vs 42.1+11.7 mPa×s; P50.01). Echinocytosis was probably due to cyanide accumulation. SIN-1 at 10 73 M slightly decreased high shear viscosity (4.88+0.28 vs 4.95+0.30 mPa×s; P50.05). SNAP at 10 73 M slightly increased both high (5.14+0.23 vs 5.05+0.24 mPa×s; P50.01) and low shear (53.9+7.2 vs 51.2+5.9 mPa×s; P50.05) viscosity. Molsidomine and GTN failed to in¯uence whole blood viscosity. ET-1 (10 79 ± 10 76 M) had no eect on RBC shape and viscosity.","publication":"British Journal of Pharmacology","publication_with_fallback":"British Journal of Pharmacology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529408,"asset_id":34669807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529408/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529408/sj.bjp.070281720170925-26163-1isbge1-libre.pdf?1506343211=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInfluence_of_nitrovasodilators_and_endot.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=KLLvMKXjlR0ej6GNUbWrGdnPH7NcTyyPdesGDJerWARJQ-i4aq2x79ZUnbJxXw~uf2lcBeDfjprYy5mH-4v9R~6t6i9q-MBipnLDIqGXxAYEakIUPm-ZEmoBD4XaIyeq4263CjognQNK9pJ8xVRXtupu8dzmlTr3V8v81LKoWd3f6F1ZzjfYZrJWMBkT--TmIgCt2ZKMX2kn1pgSE2InH6PDZ86esgkJs5xWN3AKb0pDesoGVxcj~Q6hu8VzaJ9C8ZJnE28OnL9MLNoi1ch90628qRm3ZjeXbQzTWGkIQQazfnAyJAz5Y6jvfXM0RZTVuKDldKqzzjCnMBU9qPqvSA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529408/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529408/mini_magick20190116-3399-19szzp7.png?1547689734"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529408,"asset_id":34669807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529408/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529408/sj.bjp.070281720170925-26163-1isbge1-libre.pdf?1506343211=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInfluence_of_nitrovasodilators_and_endot.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=KLLvMKXjlR0ej6GNUbWrGdnPH7NcTyyPdesGDJerWARJQ-i4aq2x79ZUnbJxXw~uf2lcBeDfjprYy5mH-4v9R~6t6i9q-MBipnLDIqGXxAYEakIUPm-ZEmoBD4XaIyeq4263CjognQNK9pJ8xVRXtupu8dzmlTr3V8v81LKoWd3f6F1ZzjfYZrJWMBkT--TmIgCt2ZKMX2kn1pgSE2InH6PDZ86esgkJs5xWN3AKb0pDesoGVxcj~Q6hu8VzaJ9C8ZJnE28OnL9MLNoi1ch90628qRm3ZjeXbQzTWGkIQQazfnAyJAz5Y6jvfXM0RZTVuKDldKqzzjCnMBU9qPqvSA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529408/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529408/mini_magick20190116-3399-19szzp7.png?1547689734"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":7,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos 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Viscosity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Viscosity"},{"id":539690,"name":"Endothelin-1","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endothelin-1"},{"id":783432,"name":"Biological activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_activity"},{"id":1933594,"name":"Nitric oxide donors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitric_oxide_donors"},{"id":1941399,"name":"Nitroglycerin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitroglycerin"}],"publication_year":1999,"publication_year_with_fallback":1999,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":7,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669808" data-work_id="34669808" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669808/Measurement_of_Fibroblast_and_Bacterial_Detachment_from_Biomaterials_Using_Jet_Impingement">Measurement of Fibroblast and Bacterial Detachment from Biomaterials Using Jet Impingement</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fibroblast and Staphylococcus aureus detachment strength from orthopaedic alloys and a tissue culture plastic (Thermanox) have been investigated with jet impingement. For S. aureus, unlike fibroblasts, detachment is caused more by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669808" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fibroblast and Staphylococcus aureus detachment strength from orthopaedic alloys and a tissue culture plastic (Thermanox) have been investigated with jet impingement. For S. aureus, unlike fibroblasts, detachment is caused more by pressure than shear. For these biomaterials, detachment strength is much higher for S. aureus than fibroblasts. Comparing materials under equivalent flow conditions, S. aureus attach to stainless steel and titanium with equal strength and more strongly than to Thermanox. For fibroblasts, detachment strength from all materials was similar. Fibroblast detachment strength from these biomaterials substantially decreases with time at equal flow rates and increases with flow rate at equal exposure times. Detachment strength is very similar for 3T3 and L929 fibroblasts on Thermanox for equivalent flow rate/time combinations, though enhanced adhesion of 3T3 cells was often noted for metals. Time effects are less evident for S. aureus. S. aureus adhesion to metals is more affected by flow rate than fibroblast adhesion.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669808" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83bdaa27aef68a958dcef5a647440eb5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529392,"asset_id":34669808,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529392/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669808 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669808"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669808, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669808", }); 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For S. aureus, unlike fibroblasts, detachment is caused more by pressure than shear. For these biomaterials, detachment strength is much higher for S. aureus than fibroblasts. Comparing materials under equivalent flow conditions, S. aureus attach to stainless steel and titanium with equal strength and more strongly than to Thermanox. For fibroblasts, detachment strength from all materials was similar. Fibroblast detachment strength from these biomaterials substantially decreases with time at equal flow rates and increases with flow rate at equal exposure times. Detachment strength is very similar for 3T3 and L929 fibroblasts on Thermanox for equivalent flow rate/time combinations, though enhanced adhesion of 3T3 cells was often noted for metals. Time effects are less evident for S. aureus. S. aureus adhesion to metals is more affected by flow rate than fibroblast adhesion.","publication":"Cell Biology International","publication_with_fallback":"Cell Biology International","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529392,"asset_id":34669808,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529392/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529392/Measurement_of_fibroblast_and_bacterial_20170925-26160-15r1llz-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMeasurement_of_Fibroblast_and_Bacterial.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=fIf8XbH3axl8X8VA7PmKwR39sf34YTjizkVdn9rab0jHzaSJka~MGK7LofxkYUKJPx44kUMZfmWzS7xZP-AQd0-GFg8jwTLJcErC6b7-Db8-KcNeWcbqiFdoSsuZR0uL43Gkbfc0zl31nLmITOFvr0hWp2zcmNVTzZL~Liv7xjo8trRce4WsD~MJkjli85L6tjnqaMUV61qr0aAfEVk~3MZBXo~Qpfnp4o4XkGXyFK-dPCEF5~CQOMlc6aZA4Qgw-kBm9NT5PnkXWMZdix4e7o~KEANB4kZRqAnX72h-V1sF~nXhG6DUHtyyIgcgDCZ3lSNkDXONkZ5Hfq6IJGkkDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529392/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529392/mini_magick20190116-5362-y4w43w.png?1547689733"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529392,"asset_id":34669808,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529392/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529392/Measurement_of_fibroblast_and_bacterial_20170925-26160-15r1llz-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMeasurement_of_Fibroblast_and_Bacterial.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799661\u0026Signature=fIf8XbH3axl8X8VA7PmKwR39sf34YTjizkVdn9rab0jHzaSJka~MGK7LofxkYUKJPx44kUMZfmWzS7xZP-AQd0-GFg8jwTLJcErC6b7-Db8-KcNeWcbqiFdoSsuZR0uL43Gkbfc0zl31nLmITOFvr0hWp2zcmNVTzZL~Liv7xjo8trRce4WsD~MJkjli85L6tjnqaMUV61qr0aAfEVk~3MZBXo~Qpfnp4o4XkGXyFK-dPCEF5~CQOMlc6aZA4Qgw-kBm9NT5PnkXWMZdix4e7o~KEANB4kZRqAnX72h-V1sF~nXhG6DUHtyyIgcgDCZ3lSNkDXONkZ5Hfq6IJGkkDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529392/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529392/mini_magick20190116-5362-y4w43w.png?1547689733"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":19,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion","nofollow":true},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium","nofollow":true},{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM","nofollow":true},{"id":66089,"name":"Tissue culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tissue_culture"},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice"},{"id":85282,"name":"Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steel"},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria"},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus"},{"id":128789,"name":"Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel"},{"id":350931,"name":"Mechanical Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Stress"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors"},{"id":440924,"name":"Surface Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Properties"},{"id":892969,"name":"Materials Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Testing"},{"id":898062,"name":"Flow Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Rate"},{"id":1020282,"name":"Alloys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alloys"},{"id":1031067,"name":"Biocompatible Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible_Materials"},{"id":1109980,"name":"Bacterial Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacterial_Adhesion"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology"},{"id":2533047,"name":"fibroblasts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/fibroblasts"}],"publication_year":2001,"publication_year_with_fallback":2001,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":24,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669809" data-work_id="34669809" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669809/Analysis_of_Ebh_a_1_1_Megadalton_Cell_Wall_Associated_Fibronectin_Binding_Protein_of_Staphylococcus_aureus">Analysis of Ebh, a 1.1-Megadalton Cell Wall-Associated Fibronectin-Binding Protein of Staphylococcus aureus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In order for Staphylococcus aureus to adhere to host extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates, it elicits a wide range of surface proteins. We have characterized a novel ϳ1.1-MDa protein in S. aureus, termed Ebh (for ECMbinding protein... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669809" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In order for Staphylococcus aureus to adhere to host extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates, it elicits a wide range of surface proteins. We have characterized a novel ϳ1.1-MDa protein in S. aureus, termed Ebh (for ECMbinding protein homologue), which has homology to other ECM-binding proteins. Ebh consists of several domains, including a large central region with 44 imperfect repeats of 126 amino acids. Expression analysis revealed ebh to be growth phase regulated and repressed by agr. A fragment of the central repeat region of Ebh was cloned, overexpressed, and used in ligand-binding studies to determine Ebh function. The recombinant protein was found to specifically bind human fibronectin. Ebh is produced during human infection since serum samples taken from patients with confirmed S. aureus infections were found to contain anti-Ebh antibodies. Localization studies revealed Ebh to be cell envelope associated and is proposed to form a specialized surface structure involved in cellular adhesion.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669809" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="18a8c5df1c3e106494af11bc26bd5ce3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529381,"asset_id":34669809,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529381/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669809 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669809"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669809, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669809", }); 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Localization studies revealed Ebh to be cell envelope associated and is proposed to form a specialized surface structure involved in cellular adhesion.","publication":"Infection and Immunity","publication_with_fallback":"Infection and 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G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":29149,"name":"Extracellular Matrix","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extracellular_Matrix","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":48758,"name":"Infection and immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infection_and_immunity","nofollow":true},{"id":52873,"name":"Virulence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virulence","nofollow":true},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation"},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice"},{"id":109739,"name":"Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infection"},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus 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first step toward cell selective surfaces</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ideally, implants should inhibit nonspecific protein adsorption, bacterial adhesion, and at the same time, depending on the final application be selective toward cellular adhesion and spreading for all or only selected cell types.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669812" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ideally, implants should inhibit nonspecific protein adsorption, bacterial adhesion, and at the same time, depending on the final application be selective toward cellular adhesion and spreading for all or only selected cell types. Poly(L-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG) polymers have been shown to adsorb from aqueous solution onto negatively charged metal oxide surfaces, reducing protein adsorption as well as fibroblast, osteoblast and epithelial cell adhesion significantly. PLL-g-PEG can be functionalized with bioligands such as RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp), which then restores host cell adhesion, but the surface remains resistant to nonspecific protein adsorption. Previously, it was also shown that both nonfunctionalized PLL-g-PEG and RGD-peptide functionalized PLL-g-PEG reduced the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to titanium (Ti) surfaces. The present study looked at the effect of other implant associated infection relevant bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards the same surface chemistries. The different surfaces were exposed to the bacteria for 1-24 h, and bacteria surface density was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence light microscopy (FM). The adhesion of all bacteria strains tested was reduced on Ti surfaces coated with PLL-g-PEG compared to uncoated Ti surfaces even in the presence of RGD. The percentage reduction in bacterial adhesion over the 24-h culture time investigated was 88%-98%, depending on the bacteria type. Therefore, coating surfaces with PLL-g-PEG/ PEG-RGD allows cells such as fibroblasts and osteoblasts to attach but not bacteria, resulting in a selective biointeractive pattern that may be useful on medical implants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669812" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="52d3214bcb837d7628a45118809e7d86" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529395,"asset_id":34669812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529395/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669812"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669812, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669812", }); 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Poly(L-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG) polymers have been shown to adsorb from aqueous solution onto negatively charged metal oxide surfaces, reducing protein adsorption as well as fibroblast, osteoblast and epithelial cell adhesion significantly. PLL-g-PEG can be functionalized with bioligands such as RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp), which then restores host cell adhesion, but the surface remains resistant to nonspecific protein adsorption. Previously, it was also shown that both nonfunctionalized PLL-g-PEG and RGD-peptide functionalized PLL-g-PEG reduced the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to titanium (Ti) surfaces. The present study looked at the effect of other implant associated infection relevant bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards the same surface chemistries. The different surfaces were exposed to the bacteria for 1-24 h, and bacteria surface density was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence light microscopy (FM). The adhesion of all bacteria strains tested was reduced on Ti surfaces coated with PLL-g-PEG compared to uncoated Ti surfaces even in the presence of RGD. The percentage reduction in bacterial adhesion over the 24-h culture time investigated was 88%-98%, depending on the bacteria type. Therefore, coating surfaces with PLL-g-PEG/ PEG-RGD allows cells such as fibroblasts and osteoblasts to attach but not bacteria, resulting in a selective biointeractive pattern that may be useful on medical implants.","publication":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529395,"asset_id":34669812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529395/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529395/jbm.a.3132320170925-3127-w22344-libre.pdf?1506343221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReduced_medical_infection_related_bacter.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799662\u0026Signature=HVtUobSdouDDSEdLk0DXP6BmcXayfvQXzQDQugkZ2XFWZ7imhDce4K-Pj4W6mOSXaVXcevSakNGb6nkmi6POXD4l0g4cFHq-tKYPwh1cQXMRvxPW8NBXkJklNEVHLrv3-yVToFwslfnRIq6qXx5aununC3v6MJP5yE-bE8i4ZdQGnt7cGsV1mlaaXoaFDAkmqfi5g7WFr9Qu1F~H9TTNIBQWsSvg2848cMqvYUFMHPX9LmT0674uzOfE7CHrI1IW8JMSEuwy~kZ4AWllnAwG7sVnpSwN41b8ZtDYi9OsZFjVXWol~w8izkAePJfFPpLo5AlPrzVOrKQ-C4wx3utIjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529395/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529395/mini_magick20190116-1222-9x9pus.png?1547689740"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529395,"asset_id":34669812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529395/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529395/jbm.a.3132320170925-3127-w22344-libre.pdf?1506343221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReduced_medical_infection_related_bacter.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799662\u0026Signature=HVtUobSdouDDSEdLk0DXP6BmcXayfvQXzQDQugkZ2XFWZ7imhDce4K-Pj4W6mOSXaVXcevSakNGb6nkmi6POXD4l0g4cFHq-tKYPwh1cQXMRvxPW8NBXkJklNEVHLrv3-yVToFwslfnRIq6qXx5aununC3v6MJP5yE-bE8i4ZdQGnt7cGsV1mlaaXoaFDAkmqfi5g7WFr9Qu1F~H9TTNIBQWsSvg2848cMqvYUFMHPX9LmT0674uzOfE7CHrI1IW8JMSEuwy~kZ4AWllnAwG7sVnpSwN41b8ZtDYi9OsZFjVXWol~w8izkAePJfFPpLo5AlPrzVOrKQ-C4wx3utIjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529395/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529395/mini_magick20190116-1222-9x9pus.png?1547689740"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":11,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering","nofollow":true},{"id":2187,"name":"Biofilms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms","nofollow":true},{"id":7700,"name":"Fluorescence Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence_Microscopy","nofollow":true},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy","nofollow":true},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":158399,"name":"Cyclic peptides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyclic_peptides"},{"id":225499,"name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pseudomonas_aeruginosa"},{"id":231584,"name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_epidermidis"},{"id":440924,"name":"Surface Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Properties"},{"id":636395,"name":"Pseudomonas Aeruginosa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pseudomonas_Aeruginosa-1"},{"id":868321,"name":"Streptococcus mutans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Streptococcus_mutans"},{"id":1109980,"name":"Bacterial Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacterial_Adhesion"},{"id":1434630,"name":"Polyethylene Glycols","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene_Glycols"}],"publication_year":2008,"publication_year_with_fallback":2008,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":40,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669813" data-work_id="34669813" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669813/Assessment_of_the_cytocompatibility_of_different_coated_titanium_surfaces_to_fibroblasts_and_osteoblasts">Assessment of the cytocompatibility of different coated titanium surfaces to fibroblasts and osteoblasts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Over the years, many metal and polymer implants have been developed for internal fracture fixation. However, there are always some problems associated with their application, such as implant loosening or infection. This study describes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669813" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Over the years, many metal and polymer implants have been developed for internal fracture fixation. However, there are always some problems associated with their application, such as implant loosening or infection. This study describes how the morphology and adhesion of both fibroblasts and osteoblasts to two manufactured commercially pure, medical implant-quality anodized titanium surfaces (TS and TSS), and five modified titanium surfaces (TLF, low friction gray anodized titanium; TIG, nitrogen ion implanted TSS; THY, TSS grafted with sodium hyaluronate; TAST, TSS coated with hydrophilic hydrogel; and TT, tiodized TS) were used to obtain an indication of their relative cytocompatibility and to assess which modified surface could potentially be used in vivo. Small variations were observed both qualitatively and quantitatively in the spreading and adhesion of fibroblasts and osteoblasts to the studied surfaces. Overall, fibroblast spreading and adhesion were greatest on the TIG and TLF surfaces. Osteoblast spreading and adhesion were greatest on TS, TIG, and TAST surfaces. No fibroblasts or osteoblasts were found attached to the THY-coated surfaces. Coating medical implant-quality anodized titanium surfaces (TS and TSS) with a TLF, TAST, or more specifically TIG could probably improve soft tissue adhesion and/or osseointegration of bone in vivo. However, it seemed that a hyaluronic acid coating (THY) has potential as a coating in areas where cell adhesion is undesirable, such as orbital fractures, where muscles should avoid adhesion to the implant, and distal radius fractures, where tendons should freely glide over the implant.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669813" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b923845191b5d296ca7c6318a69d714" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529406,"asset_id":34669813,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529406/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669813 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669813"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669813, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669813", }); 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However, there are always some problems associated with their application, such as implant loosening or infection. This study describes how the morphology and adhesion of both fibroblasts and osteoblasts to two manufactured commercially pure, medical implant-quality anodized titanium surfaces (TS and TSS), and five modified titanium surfaces (TLF, low friction gray anodized titanium; TIG, nitrogen ion implanted TSS; THY, TSS grafted with sodium hyaluronate; TAST, TSS coated with hydrophilic hydrogel; and TT, tiodized TS) were used to obtain an indication of their relative cytocompatibility and to assess which modified surface could potentially be used in vivo. Small variations were observed both qualitatively and quantitatively in the spreading and adhesion of fibroblasts and osteoblasts to the studied surfaces. Overall, fibroblast spreading and adhesion were greatest on the TIG and TLF surfaces. Osteoblast spreading and adhesion were greatest on TS, TIG, and TAST surfaces. No fibroblasts or osteoblasts were found attached to the THY-coated surfaces. Coating medical implant-quality anodized titanium surfaces (TS and TSS) with a TLF, TAST, or more specifically TIG could probably improve soft tissue adhesion and/or osseointegration of bone in vivo. However, it seemed that a hyaluronic acid coating (THY) has potential as a coating in areas where cell adhesion is undesirable, such as orbital fractures, where muscles should avoid adhesion to the implant, and distal radius fractures, where tendons should freely glide over the implant.","publication":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669814/Bacteria_and_cell_cytocompatibility_studies_on_coated_medical_grade_titanium_surfaces">Bacteria and cell cytocompatibility studies on coated medical grade titanium surfaces</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Acute and chronic osteomyelitis caused by staphylococci can be difficult to treat by conventional means and often has marked consequences for the patient. Current methods of treatment involve the use of systemic antibiotics, the local... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669814" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Acute and chronic osteomyelitis caused by staphylococci can be difficult to treat by conventional means and often has marked consequences for the patient. Current methods of treatment involve the use of systemic antibiotics, the local implantation of nondegradable drug carriers, and surgical debridement. A possible solution that could prevent initial bacterial adhesion could be to modify the implant surface with an antimicrobial coating while maintaining biocompatibility to host cells. This study describes the cytocompatibility evaluation of different coatings (poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA), politerefate (PTF), calcium phosphate/anodic plasma-chemical treatment (CaP/APC), polyurethane (PU), and polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) on titanium surfaces with and without chlorhexidine diacetate (CHA) to Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and hTERT human fibroblasts. Surface characterization of the coatings showed no significant variation in the roughness or hydrophobicity of the coated surfaces, except the CaP/APC surface that was porous yet the smoothest, and PVP, PVP ϩ CHA, and CaP/ APC ϩ CHA that were more hydrophilic in nature than the others. On the surfaces without CHA, both staphylococcal strains and spread fibroblasts were observed, but on the CHA impregnated surfaces few bacteria and no intact fibroblasts were seen. Flow cytometry found fewer bacteria in the media and on the surfaces containing CHA in comparison to the surfaces without CHA. The release kinetics varied from slow (over 200 h) to burst release: PDLLA Ͼ PTF Ͼ PU Ͼ CaP/APC ϭ PVP. This study showed that PDLLA and PTF have the best potential as coatings on implants for drug delivery, as they were cytocompatible to hTERT fibroblasts, eluted CHA effectively, and passed mechanical testing. The actual release kinetics of PDLLA and PTF are important, as the amount of CHA present should remain above the minimal inhibitory concentration value for a limited time before disappearing completely.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669814" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="72fa32f0c87a2bafaaddaa7be6555cab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529384,"asset_id":34669814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529384/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669814 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669814"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669814, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669814", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34669814]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34669814").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34669814").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34669814"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11404" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium">Titanium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11404" type="text/json">{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34669814]'), work: {"id":34669814,"title":"Bacteria and cell cytocompatibility studies on coated medical grade titanium surfaces","created_at":"2017-09-25T04:42:33.081-07:00","owner_id":68558572,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/34669814/Bacteria_and_cell_cytocompatibility_studies_on_coated_medical_grade_titanium_surfaces","slug":"Bacteria_and_cell_cytocompatibility_studies_on_coated_medical_grade_titanium_surfaces","dom_id":"work_34669814","summary":"Acute and chronic osteomyelitis caused by staphylococci can be difficult to treat by conventional means and often has marked consequences for the patient. Current methods of treatment involve the use of systemic antibiotics, the local implantation of nondegradable drug carriers, and surgical debridement. A possible solution that could prevent initial bacterial adhesion could be to modify the implant surface with an antimicrobial coating while maintaining biocompatibility to host cells. This study describes the cytocompatibility evaluation of different coatings (poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA), politerefate (PTF), calcium phosphate/anodic plasma-chemical treatment (CaP/APC), polyurethane (PU), and polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) on titanium surfaces with and without chlorhexidine diacetate (CHA) to Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and hTERT human fibroblasts. Surface characterization of the coatings showed no significant variation in the roughness or hydrophobicity of the coated surfaces, except the CaP/APC surface that was porous yet the smoothest, and PVP, PVP ϩ CHA, and CaP/ APC ϩ CHA that were more hydrophilic in nature than the others. On the surfaces without CHA, both staphylococcal strains and spread fibroblasts were observed, but on the CHA impregnated surfaces few bacteria and no intact fibroblasts were seen. Flow cytometry found fewer bacteria in the media and on the surfaces containing CHA in comparison to the surfaces without CHA. The release kinetics varied from slow (over 200 h) to burst release: PDLLA Ͼ PTF Ͼ PU Ͼ CaP/APC ϭ PVP. This study showed that PDLLA and PTF have the best potential as coatings on implants for drug delivery, as they were cytocompatible to hTERT fibroblasts, eluted CHA effectively, and passed mechanical testing. The actual release kinetics of PDLLA and PTF are important, as the amount of CHA present should remain above the minimal inhibitory concentration value for a limited time before disappearing completely.","publication":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529384,"asset_id":34669814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529384/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529384/jbm.a.3061120170925-3124-1ifexus-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBacteria_and_cell_cytocompatibility_stud.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799663\u0026Signature=aAzywirYgsKtW5XZ~5oBFnKz5upyJ32RIgF2nYOwyuPq8-OQy0hMmDskFAuPIo9uAnJeC9NktYS2qJbVnR6ycxOXsHXurjCDhAaMVbCh2gXjt6kO0dCAa59dqM6alGCIUg7OHFWmo3Py1MGee9TW1EiY8LV4YVgePl9eRnM0g4NO8izek4~760o3~ZJghhAI3Ymi85g~T9-lYohcD6s4sqClE4hXigW6MYNYgBkg3yhO0zksaag7SAROSV6QmgZZan0CFjRKGKqXeBtFsIwF6foU3mV381cwa9vdw-pixlYKf0a3UXZZZi6DUzBYfaGfgJASPXjlcZxYIZoDyHlQog__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529384/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529384/mini_magick20190116-14984-kct17r.png?1547689732"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529384,"asset_id":34669814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529384/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529384/jbm.a.3061120170925-3124-1ifexus-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBacteria_and_cell_cytocompatibility_stud.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799663\u0026Signature=aAzywirYgsKtW5XZ~5oBFnKz5upyJ32RIgF2nYOwyuPq8-OQy0hMmDskFAuPIo9uAnJeC9NktYS2qJbVnR6ycxOXsHXurjCDhAaMVbCh2gXjt6kO0dCAa59dqM6alGCIUg7OHFWmo3Py1MGee9TW1EiY8LV4YVgePl9eRnM0g4NO8izek4~760o3~ZJghhAI3Ymi85g~T9-lYohcD6s4sqClE4hXigW6MYNYgBkg3yhO0zksaag7SAROSV6QmgZZan0CFjRKGKqXeBtFsIwF6foU3mV381cwa9vdw-pixlYKf0a3UXZZZi6DUzBYfaGfgJASPXjlcZxYIZoDyHlQog__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529384/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529384/mini_magick20190116-14984-kct17r.png?1547689732"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":9,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering","nofollow":true},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy","nofollow":true},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus"},{"id":231584,"name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_epidermidis"},{"id":892969,"name":"Materials Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Testing"},{"id":2533047,"name":"fibroblasts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/fibroblasts"}],"publication_year":2006,"publication_year_with_fallback":2006,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":49,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669815" data-work_id="34669815" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669815/Biodegradable_polyurethane_cytocompatibility_to_fibroblasts_and_staphylococci">Biodegradable polyurethane cytocompatibility to fibroblasts and staphylococci</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Biodegradable polyurethanes have potential for use as implantable devices (orthopedic, maxillofacial, cardiovascular, wound dressing and plastic surgery) because of their controllable elasticity, and the possibility of changing their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669815" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Biodegradable polyurethanes have potential for use as implantable devices (orthopedic, maxillofacial, cardiovascular, wound dressing and plastic surgery) because of their controllable elasticity, and the possibility of changing their chemistry and structure. Studying bacterial and cell adhesion to polyurethanes helps to determine surface cytocompatibility and suitability for in vivo trials. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and hTERT human fibroblast cells were used to determine the cytocompatibility of experimental biodegradable polyurethanes (PUs) with different hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic (pho:phi) content ratios (100% pho, 70% pho, and 30% pho). Poly(l/dl-lactide) 70/ 30% (PLDL) and Thermanox were used as control surfaces. Surface characterization using noncontact profilometry, contact angles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the three PU surfaces, PLDL, and Thermanox® have different properties. On the 100% PU and 30% PU surfaces, hTERT cells spread less in comparison to the 70% PU, PLDL, and Thermanox surfaces. The adsorption of fibronectin to the surfaces had no effect on the adhesion and spreading of hTERT cells when compared to the uncoated surfaces. The trend for S. aureus was the most adhered on the 70% PU and 30% PU, then Thermanox®, followed by 100% PU and PLDL, respectively. The amount of S. epidermidis adhesion followed the trend of the most on 70% PU, then 100% PU, then 30% PU and PLDL, and the least on Ther-manox®. These results suggest that the 70% PU surface is cytocompatible to hTERT fibroblasts, while the 100% PU and 30% PU were not. All surfaces encouraged S. aureus and S. epidermidis colonization, particularly the 70% PU.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669815" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f13f991ebd0092bfc5fd35ee1cf3e24d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529400,"asset_id":34669815,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529400/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669815 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669815"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669815, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669815", }); 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Studying bacterial and cell adhesion to polyurethanes helps to determine surface cytocompatibility and suitability for in vivo trials. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and hTERT human fibroblast cells were used to determine the cytocompatibility of experimental biodegradable polyurethanes (PUs) with different hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic (pho:phi) content ratios (100% pho, 70% pho, and 30% pho). Poly(l/dl-lactide) 70/ 30% (PLDL) and Thermanox were used as control surfaces. Surface characterization using noncontact profilometry, contact angles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the three PU surfaces, PLDL, and Thermanox® have different properties. On the 100% PU and 30% PU surfaces, hTERT cells spread less in comparison to the 70% PU, PLDL, and Thermanox surfaces. The adsorption of fibronectin to the surfaces had no effect on the adhesion and spreading of hTERT cells when compared to the uncoated surfaces. The trend for S. aureus was the most adhered on the 70% PU and 30% PU, then Thermanox®, followed by 100% PU and PLDL, respectively. The amount of S. epidermidis adhesion followed the trend of the most on 70% PU, then 100% PU, then 30% PU and PLDL, and the least on Ther-manox®. These results suggest that the 70% PU surface is cytocompatible to hTERT fibroblasts, while the 100% PU and 30% PU were not. All surfaces encouraged S. aureus and S. epidermidis colonization, particularly the 70% PU.","publication":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529400,"asset_id":34669815,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529400/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529400/jbm.a.3062120170925-3122-581e49-libre.pdf?1506343217=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBiodegradable_polyurethane_cytocompatibi.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799663\u0026Signature=cQrAvd6XyPE5I5tgJk0YlEdweOH6DFAZM3W2H104mT~Rgb6cIIAcGLDUYI36VT6y2mlq-b9mj9xru9CmJYSfnZ1bi0vX~p9KUElqWox0GomF6SPiTGsQ88LPsSN23CU0MVeKVfyIYBRewLFepcnGDZo2xHrjsrV14gPNUN41qLTHmxPB5MqM0qzmNZN7hUaw8FEbAJkdrxfp-6GG9ZBOk~Ofv1AIAhtnCafQ3hcN9uAPnnAaERNQIsiIahKLIbFpC2pq~UzRo8oP4M-CHQSACNC739GSPLmkAzc1wBGf6salsG1tjlAAdRuBrp9BqcHSl3b--H9rFa0zT9bNORJzRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529400/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529400/mini_magick20190116-9445-pp1x8x.png?1547689733"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529400,"asset_id":34669815,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529400/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529400/jbm.a.3062120170925-3122-581e49-libre.pdf?1506343217=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBiodegradable_polyurethane_cytocompatibi.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799663\u0026Signature=cQrAvd6XyPE5I5tgJk0YlEdweOH6DFAZM3W2H104mT~Rgb6cIIAcGLDUYI36VT6y2mlq-b9mj9xru9CmJYSfnZ1bi0vX~p9KUElqWox0GomF6SPiTGsQ88LPsSN23CU0MVeKVfyIYBRewLFepcnGDZo2xHrjsrV14gPNUN41qLTHmxPB5MqM0qzmNZN7hUaw8FEbAJkdrxfp-6GG9ZBOk~Ofv1AIAhtnCafQ3hcN9uAPnnAaERNQIsiIahKLIbFpC2pq~UzRo8oP4M-CHQSACNC739GSPLmkAzc1wBGf6salsG1tjlAAdRuBrp9BqcHSl3b--H9rFa0zT9bNORJzRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529400/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529400/mini_magick20190116-9445-pp1x8x.png?1547689733"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":9,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering","nofollow":true},{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":79794,"name":"Biodegradable","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodegradable","nofollow":true},{"id":201299,"name":"Hydrophilicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrophilicity"},{"id":364191,"name":"Hydrophobicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrophobicity"},{"id":440924,"name":"Surface 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data-work_id="34669817" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669817/P07_09_Quorum_sensing_accessory_gene_regulator_agr_specificity_groups_in_Staphylococcus_epidermidis_from_prosthetic_joint_and_catheter_infections">P07.09 Quorum sensing accessory gene regulator (agr)-specificity groups in Staphylococcus epidermidis from prosthetic joint and catheter infections</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a major cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Duration of cannulation is a risk factor and unnecessary peripheral intravenous (IV) cannulae should be removed. We audited... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669817" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a major cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Duration of cannulation is a risk factor and unnecessary peripheral intravenous (IV) cannulae should be removed. We audited peripheral IV cannulae maintenance and patient awareness of the indication for their peripheral IV cannulae in an Irish surgical unit. Methods: Data was collected over a 5-month period in 2009 using data-scanning technology. Descriptive statistics, exploratory, correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed at significance level p < 0.05 by the use statistical software SPSS Ver.17. Results: A total of 275 cases of peripheral IV cannulae were assessed. 62.2% were deemed necessary (appropriateness). Therefore, 37.8% of the cannulae appeared unnecessary and in the 37.6% of the responding 178 cases the patients were unaware why their peripheral IV cannula was originally sited (purpose) or what it was being used for (usage). In parallel, in 83.5% of the cases (213/255), the patients knew the name of their consultant, however, no link was found with patients awareness (p = 0.531). As a main finding, the "lack of awareness" was significantly associated with an increased risk (odds ratio 6.94, 95% CI 3.52-13.6) of the IV cannula in-situ being unnecessary (p < 0.001). In a multivariate model, this relationship remained significant after an adjustment for the patients knowledge about consultant's name which was not associated with the IV cannula appropriateness (p = 0.095). Conclusion(s): This is the first study to assess patient awareness in relation to the main risk factors for CRBSI. A patient-based educational programme focusing on appropriateness, would have a far reaching benefits.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669817" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2151f8d36369f735b92a5d42bb1f7d4f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529383,"asset_id":34669817,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529383/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669817 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669817"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669817, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669817", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34669817]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34669817").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34669817").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34669817"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11628" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital_Infection">Hospital Infection</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11628" type="text/json">{"id":11628,"name":"Hospital Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital_Infection","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137610" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quorum_Sensing">Quorum Sensing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137610" type="text/json">{"id":137610,"name":"Quorum Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quorum_Sensing","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34669817]'), work: {"id":34669817,"title":"P07.09 Quorum sensing accessory gene regulator (agr)-specificity groups in Staphylococcus epidermidis from prosthetic joint and catheter infections","created_at":"2017-09-25T04:42:33.325-07:00","owner_id":68558572,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/34669817/P07_09_Quorum_sensing_accessory_gene_regulator_agr_specificity_groups_in_Staphylococcus_epidermidis_from_prosthetic_joint_and_catheter_infections","slug":"P07_09_Quorum_sensing_accessory_gene_regulator_agr_specificity_groups_in_Staphylococcus_epidermidis_from_prosthetic_joint_and_catheter_infections","dom_id":"work_34669817","summary":"Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a major cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Duration of cannulation is a risk factor and unnecessary peripheral intravenous (IV) cannulae should be removed. We audited peripheral IV cannulae maintenance and patient awareness of the indication for their peripheral IV cannulae in an Irish surgical unit. Methods: Data was collected over a 5-month period in 2009 using data-scanning technology. Descriptive statistics, exploratory, correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed at significance level p \u003c 0.05 by the use statistical software SPSS Ver.17. Results: A total of 275 cases of peripheral IV cannulae were assessed. 62.2% were deemed necessary (appropriateness). Therefore, 37.8% of the cannulae appeared unnecessary and in the 37.6% of the responding 178 cases the patients were unaware why their peripheral IV cannula was originally sited (purpose) or what it was being used for (usage). In parallel, in 83.5% of the cases (213/255), the patients knew the name of their consultant, however, no link was found with patients awareness (p = 0.531). As a main finding, the \"lack of awareness\" was significantly associated with an increased risk (odds ratio 6.94, 95% CI 3.52-13.6) of the IV cannula in-situ being unnecessary (p \u003c 0.001). In a multivariate model, this relationship remained significant after an adjustment for the patients knowledge about consultant's name which was not associated with the IV cannula appropriateness (p = 0.095). Conclusion(s): This is the first study to assess patient awareness in relation to the main risk factors for CRBSI. A patient-based educational programme focusing on appropriateness, would have a far reaching benefits.","publication":"Journal of Hospital Infection","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Hospital Infection","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529383,"asset_id":34669817,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529383/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529383/s0195-6701_2810_2960069-220170925-26160-kjuf08-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DP07_09_Quorum_sensing_accessory_gene_reg.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799663\u0026Signature=C3FOrBYjIRFotLbyZXyDTggnSxqR~z7c3mQAM6rlaPjlzuzWs50H5A8nibNxtU0HU5BPcnQNVxpruTzCpquJTJRFisXge4Ocq2ddebyVPzg00eW4lwSWJ9872xWYTZYJA2~8ygrzyuXzYJG~ypnGWPGZ0sC0R0ngD6x8r~e6K1R3IVIDlOQ0DrePl~ZBNmWspz183LK9CcKwIkDBBZCBARK9-Py9YSV73K~RxjaqGJnXw0m20~KdbxfbRZlK4Z2VNPYliEuJiBVSgpFsZ~yJYWbpd-cJ72PcTk9E3~xsBPjF8wgsHjcfCsPAeAneU~Tyed~5PIMJLX~JnZDuE8WkAg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529383/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529383/mini_magick20190116-9441-z0jmjy.png?1547689734"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529383,"asset_id":34669817,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529383/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529383/s0195-6701_2810_2960069-220170925-26160-kjuf08-libre.pdf?1506343226=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DP07_09_Quorum_sensing_accessory_gene_reg.pdf\u0026Expires=1739799663\u0026Signature=C3FOrBYjIRFotLbyZXyDTggnSxqR~z7c3mQAM6rlaPjlzuzWs50H5A8nibNxtU0HU5BPcnQNVxpruTzCpquJTJRFisXge4Ocq2ddebyVPzg00eW4lwSWJ9872xWYTZYJA2~8ygrzyuXzYJG~ypnGWPGZ0sC0R0ngD6x8r~e6K1R3IVIDlOQ0DrePl~ZBNmWspz183LK9CcKwIkDBBZCBARK9-Py9YSV73K~RxjaqGJnXw0m20~KdbxfbRZlK4Z2VNPYliEuJiBVSgpFsZ~yJYWbpd-cJ72PcTk9E3~xsBPjF8wgsHjcfCsPAeAneU~Tyed~5PIMJLX~JnZDuE8WkAg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529383/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529383/mini_magick20190116-9441-z0jmjy.png?1547689734"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":1,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11628,"name":"Hospital Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital_Infection","nofollow":true},{"id":137610,"name":"Quorum Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quorum_Sensing","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":2010,"publication_year_with_fallback":2010,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":6,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669818" data-work_id="34669818" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669818/Staphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_different_treated_titanium_surfaces">Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to different treated titanium surfaces</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen, associated with medical-device related infections. Converting biomaterial surfaces into non-interactive surfaces requires a speci®c surface/interface design. One approach is to polish the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669818" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen, associated with medical-device related infections. Converting biomaterial surfaces into non-interactive surfaces requires a speci®c surface/interface design. One approach is to polish the surface, and a second is to coat the surface with an antimicrobial or protein resistant coating. This study showed that polishing a titanium surface or coating titanium with various treatments that decreased the surface's coef®cient of friction, had no signi®cant effect on minimising S. aureus adhesion to these surfaces under static conditions in comparison to standard medical grade titanium. The cell promoting coating, TAST, was found to increase the S. aureus density on its surface as expected. The only coating that signi®cantly decreased the density of adhering S. aureus was the titanium surface coated with sodium hyaluronate. Thus such a coating could have potential use as a coating for ostoesynthesis, orthopaedic or dental implants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669818" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e0ce2b6743778caafd55cd5995040154" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529401,"asset_id":34669818,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529401/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669818 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669818"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669818, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669818", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34669818]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34669818").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34669818").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34669818"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1131" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering">Biomedical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1131" type="text/json">{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10055" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion">Cell Adhesion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10055" type="text/json">{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11404" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium">Titanium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11404" type="text/json">{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34669818]'), work: {"id":34669818,"title":"Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to different treated titanium surfaces","created_at":"2017-09-25T04:42:33.399-07:00","owner_id":68558572,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/34669818/Staphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_different_treated_titanium_surfaces","slug":"Staphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_different_treated_titanium_surfaces","dom_id":"work_34669818","summary":"Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen, associated with medical-device related infections. Converting biomaterial surfaces into non-interactive surfaces requires a speci®c surface/interface design. One approach is to polish the surface, and a second is to coat the surface with an antimicrobial or protein resistant coating. This study showed that polishing a titanium surface or coating titanium with various treatments that decreased the surface's coef®cient of friction, had no signi®cant effect on minimising S. aureus adhesion to these surfaces under static conditions in comparison to standard medical grade titanium. The cell promoting coating, TAST, was found to increase the S. aureus density on its surface as expected. The only coating that signi®cantly decreased the density of adhering S. aureus was the titanium surface coated with sodium hyaluronate. Thus such a coating could have potential use as a coating for ostoesynthesis, orthopaedic or dental implants.","publication":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54529401,"asset_id":34669818,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529401/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529401/b_3Ajmsm.0000021093.84680.bb20170925-3122-1q13dei-libre.pdf?1506343215=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStaphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_differ.pdf\u0026Expires=1739672500\u0026Signature=DmKKvOFIFj7S490SqqtXVvAKrR2SEMgG67dvXt4IoGxufbGynewxHr8RFLZn5tMfZQAeDwnUdaIICfgR4PEZ-eZFwXOTynkbu49Moa8y5YMJpH1MLJQesUsWKyf1KGmllfw7qaxhTMI3SFzRW15RblivuIEApwvI2-lmjTpa9-AjhPQaFO7d20kKCveqCk3ITXcvGRpxmZfzxolwDBDeYbvCESXa0HI8QIFdqr4YZu~ALZ7jKAnqQlDJS61SHX5GFJYRPxw9QzD9HQ21uM~EABXETBt2hPBUNMCNJIsF~woHM5Cehyj9U5agdyTE7YxGUH7izXbkaIXatgF2pb7JWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529401/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529401/mini_magick20190116-5353-fbrkfo.png?1547689717"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":54529401,"asset_id":34669818,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54529401/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54529401/b_3Ajmsm.0000021093.84680.bb20170925-3122-1q13dei-libre.pdf?1506343215=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStaphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_differ.pdf\u0026Expires=1739672500\u0026Signature=DmKKvOFIFj7S490SqqtXVvAKrR2SEMgG67dvXt4IoGxufbGynewxHr8RFLZn5tMfZQAeDwnUdaIICfgR4PEZ-eZFwXOTynkbu49Moa8y5YMJpH1MLJQesUsWKyf1KGmllfw7qaxhTMI3SFzRW15RblivuIEApwvI2-lmjTpa9-AjhPQaFO7d20kKCveqCk3ITXcvGRpxmZfzxolwDBDeYbvCESXa0HI8QIFdqr4YZu~ALZ7jKAnqQlDJS61SHX5GFJYRPxw9QzD9HQ21uM~EABXETBt2hPBUNMCNJIsF~woHM5Cehyj9U5agdyTE7YxGUH7izXbkaIXatgF2pb7JWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529401/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/54529401/mini_magick20190116-5353-fbrkfo.png?1547689717"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":4,"ordered_authors":[{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering","nofollow":true},{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering","nofollow":true},{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion","nofollow":true},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium","nofollow":true},{"id":11466,"name":"Interface Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interface_Design"},{"id":116078,"name":"Staphylococcus aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Staphylococcus_aureus"},{"id":153283,"name":"Medical 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Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Testing"}],"publication_year":2000,"publication_year_with_fallback":2000,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":106,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34669819" data-work_id="34669819" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34669819/Staphylococcus_aureus_adhesion_to_standard_micro_rough_and_electropolished_implant_materials">Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to standard micro-rough and electropolished implant materials</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Implant-associated infections can cause serious complications including osteomyelitis and soft tissue damage, and are a great problem due to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34669819" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Implant-associated infections can cause serious complications including osteomyelitis and soft tissue damage, and are a great problem due to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In some cases, antibiotic-loaded beads which release the antibiotic locally have been used, however such systems may lead to the development of antibioticresistant bacteria, as seen with gentamicin-loaded beads. Hence modifying the actual metal implant surface to inhibit or reduce initial bacterial adhesion may be an alternative option. This study describes the visualisation and quantification of S. aureus adhering to standard micro-rough 'commercially pure' titanium (TS) and Ti-6Al-7Nb (NS) surfaces, electropolished titanium (TE) and Ti-6Al-7Nb (NE) surfaces, and standard electropolished stainless steel (SS). Qualitative and quantitative results of S. aureus on the different surfaces correlated with each other, and showed significantly more live bacteria on NS than on the other surfaces, whilst there was no significant difference between the amount of bacteria on TS, TE, NE and SS surfaces. The results showed a significant decrease in the amount of bacteria adhering to the NE compared to standard NS surfaces. Such an observation suggests that the NS surface encouraged S. aureus adhesion, and could lead to higher infection rates in vivo. Hence electropolishing Ti-6Al-7Nb surfaces could be advantageous in osteosynthesis areas in minimising bacterial adhesion and lowering the rate of infection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34669819" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f71edf02821f5525008dbf1e86820f8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54529389,"asset_id":34669819,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54529389/download_file?st=MTczOTc5NjA2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68558572" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris">Llinos G Harris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68558572" type="text/json">{"id":68558572,"first_name":"Llinos","last_name":"Harris","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"LlinosHarris","display_name":"Llinos G Harris","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/LlinosHarris","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68558572/17817307/17836932/s65_llinos.harris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34669819 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34669819"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34669819, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34669819", }); 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In some cases, antibiotic-loaded beads which release the antibiotic locally have been used, however such systems may lead to the development of antibioticresistant bacteria, as seen with gentamicin-loaded beads. Hence modifying the actual metal implant surface to inhibit or reduce initial bacterial adhesion may be an alternative option. This study describes the visualisation and quantification of S. aureus adhering to standard micro-rough 'commercially pure' titanium (TS) and Ti-6Al-7Nb (NS) surfaces, electropolished titanium (TE) and Ti-6Al-7Nb (NE) surfaces, and standard electropolished stainless steel (SS). Qualitative and quantitative results of S. aureus on the different surfaces correlated with each other, and showed significantly more live bacteria on NS than on the other surfaces, whilst there was no significant difference between the amount of bacteria on TS, TE, NE and SS surfaces. The results showed a significant decrease in the amount of bacteria adhering to the NE compared to standard NS surfaces. Such an observation suggests that the NS surface encouraged S. aureus adhesion, and could lead to higher infection rates in vivo. Hence electropolishing Ti-6Al-7Nb surfaces could be advantageous in osteosynthesis areas in minimising bacterial adhesion and lowering the rate of infection.","publication":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in 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