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class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Retorika</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 93 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoriek" title="Retoriek — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Retoriek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetorik" title="Rhetorik — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rhetorik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorica" title="Retorica — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Retorica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="بلاغة — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلاغة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ret%C3%B3rica" title="Retórica — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Retórica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritorika" title="Ritorika — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ritorika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA" title="بلاغت — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بلاغت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рыторыка — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рыторыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рыторыка — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рыторыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Реторика — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Реторика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="অলঙ্কারশাস্ত্র — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অলঙ্কারশাস্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ret%C3%B2rica" title="Retòrica — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Retòrica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%95%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%DB%8E%DA%98%DB%8C" title="ڕەوانبێژی — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕەوانبێژی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9torika" title="Rétorika — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rétorika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhethreg" title="Rhethreg — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhethreg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetorik" title="Rhetorik — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rhetorik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Ρητορική — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρητορική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rhetoric" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoriko" title="Retoriko — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Retoriko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ret%C3%B3rica" title="Retórica — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Retórica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoorika" title="Retoorika — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Retoorika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erretorika" title="Erretorika — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erretorika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA" title="بلاغت — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بلاغت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoriikka" title="Retoriikka — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Retoriikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rh%C3%A9torique" title="Rhétorique — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rhétorique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoriche" title="Retoriche — Friulijski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Retoriche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ret%C3%B3rica" title="Retórica — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Retórica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%9B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%BE" title="વાકછટા — Gudžarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વાકછટા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gudžarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="רטוריקה — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רטוריקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="व्याख्यान शास्त्र — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="व्याख्यान शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka_retorika" title="Grčka retorika — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grčka retorika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Haićanski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%B3noklattan" title="Szónoklattan — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szónoklattan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հռետորություն — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հռետորություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoriko" title="Retoriko — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Retoriko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A6lskufr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Mælskufræði — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mælskufræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorica" title="Retorica — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Retorica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E8%BE%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="修辞学 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="修辞学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="რიტორიკა — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რიტორიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritorika" title="Ritorika — Kara-kalpaški" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ritorika" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-kalpaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риторика — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Риторика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%88%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%84%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%8F" title="សិល្បៈប្រើវោហារបង្ហូរគំនិត — Kmerski" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សិល្បៈប្រើវោហារបង្ហូរគំនិត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Kmerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%82%AC%ED%95%99" title="수사학 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수사학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Риторика (лингвистика) — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Риторика (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_rhetorica" title="Ars rhetorica — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ars rhetorica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorica" title="Retorica — Limburgiš" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Retorica" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Риторикась — Mokša" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Риторикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mokša" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Реторика — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Реторика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Реторик — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Реторик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorica" title="Retorica — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Retorica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorikk" title="Retorikk — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Retorikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorikk" title="Retorikk — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Retorikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorica" title="Retorica — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Retorica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8-%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE" title="ਵਖਿਆਨ-ਕਲਾ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਖਿਆਨ-ਕਲਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoryka" title="Retoryka — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Retoryka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA" title="بلاغت — Paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بلاغت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ret%C3%B3rica" title="Retórica — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Retórica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retoric%C4%83" title="Retorică — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Retorică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риторика — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Риторика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Реторика — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Реторика" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rit%C3%B2rica" title="Ritòrica — Sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ritòrica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA" title="بلاغت — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بلاغت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rhetoric" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9torika_(re%C4%8Dn%C3%ADcke_umenie)" title="Rétorika (rečnícke umenie) — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rétorika (rečnícke umenie)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Реторика — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Реторика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balagha" title="Balagha — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Balagha" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="சொல்லாட்சிக் கலை — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சொல்லாட்சிக் கலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%82_(%D1%81%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3)" title="Балоғат (суханварӣ) — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Балоғат (суханварӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วาทศาสตร์ — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วาทศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayusay" title="Sayusay — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sayusay" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Retorik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риторика — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Риторика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риторика — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Риторика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA" title="بلاغت — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بلاغت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritorika" title="Ritorika — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ritorika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu_t%E1%BB%AB_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Tu từ học — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tu từ học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retorika" title="Retorika — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Retorika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E8%BE%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="修辞学 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="修辞学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="რიტორიკა — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რიტორიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E8%BE%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="修辞学 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="修辞学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siu-s%C3%BB-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Siu-sû-ha̍k — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siu-sû-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E8%BE%AD%E5%AD%B8" title="修辭學 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="修辭學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81009#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Plato-raphael.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Plato-raphael.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="262" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="262" /></a><figcaption>Prema nekim mišljenjima, reč <i>rhetorike</i> je sačinio tek Platon.</figcaption></figure> <p>Imenica <i>rhetor</i> – besednik, u izvorima se najranije javlja kod <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homera</a>. Tek početkom IV veka pre n.e. Isokrat koristi reč <i>rhetoreia</i> – rečitost, elokvencija, a potom počinje da se upotrebljava i pojam <i>rhetorike</i> - retorika. Prema nekim mišljenjima, reč <i>rhetorike</i> je sačinio tek <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> u dijalogu <a href="/wiki/Gorgija" title="Gorgija">Gorgija</a>, posle čega taj termin ulazi u najširu upotrebu, pogotovo od <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotela</a>. </p><p>Retorika predstavlja skup pravila o lepom <a href="/wiki/Govor" title="Govor">govoru</a>, a besedništvo (govorništvo) praksu u kojoj se ta pravila primenjuju. Već su <a href="/wiki/Sofisti" title="Sofisti">sofisti</a> najpre nastojali da govorom ubeđuju slušaoce, a potom da na druge prenose svoja iskustva kako se uspešno govori. Skoro svaki od njih je otkrivao izvesna pravila o tome kako se slušaoci najefektnije pridobijaju izgovorenom rečju. Iz toga su nastali prvi priručnici besedništva – <i>rhetorike techne</i>. <a href="/wiki/Sofisti" title="Sofisti">Sofisti</a> su prvi počeli da izgrađuju retoriku kao sistem pravila koja olakšavaju da se beseda uspešno sastavi i održi, dok je proizvod tih primenjenih pravila bio sam <a href="/wiki/Govor" title="Govor">govor</a>, odnosno besedništvo. Istorijski posmatrano, besedništvo prethodi retorici. Najpre se razvijala govornička praksa, da bi se tek kasnije, na osnovu nje, oformila i izgradila govornička pravila i uputstva, retorika. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> je razlikovao retoriku i besedništvo. Smatrao je da se retorika bavi pronalaženjem najboljih sredstava za ubeđivanje: njen osnovni zadatak se ne sastoji u uveravanju, nego u »sposobnosti teorijskog iznalaženja uverljivog u svakom datom slučaju«. Dakle, besedništvo je sâma veština uveravanja, dok retorika ima zadatak da iznalazi najpogodnija sredstva za uveravanje slušalaca i daje savete kako se to postiže. Ciceron takođe podrazumeva razliku između besedništva i retorike, pa govori o retorici kao o nauci, dok pod govorništvom podrazumeva govorničku praksu, tj. praktično besedništvo (<i>eloquentia</i>). Pisac najznamenitijeg rimskog udžbenika retorike, <a href="/wiki/Kvintilijan" title="Kvintilijan">Kvintilijan</a> nedvosmisleno kaže da je retorika »nauka o dobrom govoru« - <i>bene dicendi scientia</i>. <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Sterija_Popovi%C4%87" title="Jovan Sterija Popović">Jovan Sterija Popović</a>, naš komediograf, profesor prava, ali i pisac prve retorike u modernoj Srbiji, smatra da je retorika »nauka koja pravila krasnorečija izlaže i opključuje sposobnost predstavlenija i misli izražavati pravilno, jasno i saobrazno s celju«. Još pre njega je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dositej&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dositej (stranica ne postoji)">Dositej Obradović</a> pisao da je retorika «nauka lepo govoriti, srce množestva ljudi dobijati i celi narod na sve što je dobro, pohvalno i opštepolezno sklanjati i dovoditi». Čuvena Retorika <a href="/wiki/Branislav_Nu%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Branislav Nušić">Branislava Nušića</a> ima podnaslov koji glasi Nauka o besedništvu. Retorika, dakle, predstavlja nauku o besedništvu, teorijski uobličena pravila i principe koji će pomoći da se održi uspešan <a href="/wiki/Govor" title="Govor">govor</a>, dok je sâmo besedništvo (govorništvo) praktična sfera u kojoj se ta pravila primenjuju. </p><p>Retorika razvrstava govore prema raznim kriterijumima. Od <a href="/wiki/Antika" title="Antika">antike</a> do danas se klasifikuju na informativni govor (u rimskoj podeli: <i>docere</i>), govor koji uverava i pokreće na akciju (rimsko <i>movere</i>) i zabavljački govor (<i>delectare</i>). Još od <a href="/wiki/Antika" title="Antika">antičkih</a> vremena ustalila se podela na tri osnovne vrste govorništva – sudsko, političko i prigodno. Ova klasifikacija, koju je naročito afirmisao <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> (mada je postojala i pre njega), održala se do danas. Prema njegovim rečima, sudsko besedništvo je svako ono u kome »susrećemo optužbu i odbranu«, političko je ono u kome se »na nešto podstiče ili od nečega odvraća«, a prigodno ono koje »nešto hvali ili kudi« (Retorika I 3, 5). Za ove vrste besedništva koriste se i pojmovi forenzično besedništvo (sudsko), deliberativno besedništvo (političko) i epideiktičko (prigodno, koje se često naziva i pohvalno ili svečano). Grčki ekvivalenti su bili <i>genos dikanikon</i> za sudski govor, <i>genos symbouleutikon</i> (bukvalno: savetodavni, nagovarajući) za političku besedu i <i>genos panegyrikon</i> za prigodni – pohvalni govor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retorika&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retorika&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Reference"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ovaj članak, odnosno njegovi delovi, su izvorno preuzeti iz knjige dr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sima_Avramovi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sima Avramović (stranica ne postoji)">Sime Avramovića</a> „<i>Rhetorike techne</i> – veština besedništva i javni nastup“ uz odobrenje autora</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retorika&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retorika&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alanwatson.org/avramovic/rhetorike-techne.htm">Avramović, S., <i>Rhetorike techne</i> – veština besedništva i javni nastup, Beograd 2008.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080726151710/http://www.alanwatson.org/avramovic/rhetorike-techne.htm">Arhivirano</a> 2008-07-26 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li>Avramović, S., Isejevo sudsko besedništvo i atinsko pravo, Beograd (1998), 20054</li> <li>Petrović, S, Retorika, Niš 1975 (Beograd 1995).</li> <li>Stanojević, O. – Avramović, S., <i>Ars rhetorica</i> – veština besedništva, Beograd 2002 (2003).</li> <li>Tadić, Lj., Retorika - uvod u veštinu besedništva, Beograd 1995.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr">Izvor: <a dir="ltr" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Retorika&oldid=42215314">https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Retorika&oldid=42215314</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Retorika" title="Kategorija:Retorika">Retorika</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Sakrivena kategorija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Kategorija:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica je posljednji put izmijenjena 3. septembra 2024. u 09:20.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; mogu se primijeniti i dodatni uslovi. 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