Subpart 8.4 - Federal Supply Schedules

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<div class="usa-layout-docs__main desktop:grid-col-fill"> <div id="block-regulationpageblock" class="block block-agov-browse block-agov-regulation-page-block"> <div class="nextprev"><a href="/far/subpart-8.3" class="docprevious docprevround" title="Previous" aria-label="Previous">芦 Previous</a><a href="/far/8.401" class="docnext docnextround" title="Next" aria-label="Next">Next 禄</a></div> <div class="regulation-content"> Subpart 8.4 - Federal Supply Schedules<article role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><article class="nested0" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1" id="FAR_Subpart_8_4" data-part="subpart" data-part-number="8.4"> <h1 class="title topictitle1 Subpart" id="ariaid-title1"> <span class="ph autonumber">Subpart 8.4</span> - Federal Supply Schedules</h1> <nav role="navigation" class="related-links"><div class="familylinks"><div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a class="link FAR_Part_8 FAR_2 FAR_Subchapter_BNoPropPart" href="/far/part-8" title="Part 8 - Required Sources of Supplies and Services" aria-label="Part 8 - Required Sources of Supplies and Services. Link 0">Part 8 - Required Sources of Supplies and Services</a></div></div></nav><article class="topic concept nested1" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title2" id="FAR_8_401" data-part="section" data-part-number="8.401"> <h2 class="title topictitle2" id="ariaid-title2"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.401</span> Definitions.</h2> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p">As used in this subpart-</p> <p class="p"> <em class="ph i _8.401d464e18 Term"><i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activity</i></em> means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) <i data-tippy-content="Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) means contracts awarded by GSA or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for similar or comparable supplies, or services, established with more than one supplier, at varying prices. The primary statutory authorities for the MAS program are 41 U.S.C. 152(3), Competitive Procedures, and 40 U.S.C. 501, Services for Executive Agencies." class="agov-definition">Multiple Award Schedule</i> contracts. A list of eligible <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> is available at <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules. Link 1">http://www.gsa.gov/schedules</a> (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").</p> <p class="p"> <em class="ph i _8.401d464e27 Term"><i data-tippy-content="Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) means contracts awarded by GSA or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for similar or comparable supplies, or services, established with more than one supplier, at varying prices. The primary statutory authorities for the MAS program are 41 U.S.C. 152(3), Competitive Procedures, and 40 U.S.C. 501, Services for Executive Agencies." class="agov-definition">Multiple Award Schedule (MAS</i>)</em> means contracts awarded by GSA or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for similar or comparable <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i>, or services, established with more than one supplier, at varying prices. The primary statutory authorities for the MAS program are <a class="xref" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title41-section152(3)&num=0&edition=prelim" target="_blank" title="41 U.S.C. 152(3)" aria-label="41 U.S.C. 152(3). Link 2">41 U.S.C. 152(3)</a>, Competitive Procedures, and <a class="xref" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title40-section501&num=0&edition=prelim" target="_blank" title="40 U.S.C. 501" aria-label="40 U.S.C. 501. Link 3">40 U.S.C. 501</a>, Services for <i data-tippy-content="Executive agency means an executive department, a military department, or any independent establishment within the meaning of 5 U.S.C.101, 102, and 104(1), respectively, and any wholly owned Government corporation within the meaning of 31 U.S.C. 9101." class="agov-definition">Executive Agencies</i>.</p> <p class="p"> <em class="ph i _8.401d464e39 Term"><i data-tippy-content="Requiring agency means the agency needing the supplies or services." class="agov-definition">Requiring agency</i></em> means the agency needing the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services.</p> <p class="p"> <em class="ph i _8.401d464e45 Term"><i data-tippy-content="Schedules e-Library means the on-line source for GSA and VA Federal Supply Schedule contract award information. Schedules e-Library may be accessed at http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary." class="agov-definition">Schedules e-Library</i></em> means the on-line source for GSA and VA Federal Supply Schedule contract award information. <i data-tippy-content="Schedules e-Library means the on-line source for GSA and VA Federal Supply Schedule contract award information. Schedules e-Library may be accessed at http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary." class="agov-definition">Schedules e-Library</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be accessed at <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary. Link 4">http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary</a>.</p> <p class="p"> <em class="ph i _8.401d464e55 Term"><i data-tippy-content="Special Item Number (SIN) means a group of generically similar (but not identical) supplies or services that are intended to serve the same general purpose or function." class="agov-definition">Special Item Number (SIN</i>)</em> means a group of generically similar (but not identical) <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services that are intended to serve the same general purpose or function.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested1" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title3" id="FAR_8_402" data-part="section" data-part-number="8.402"> <h2 class="title topictitle2" id="ariaid-title3"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.402</span> General.</h2> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> The Federal Supply Schedule program is also known as the GSA Schedules Program or the <i data-tippy-content="Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) means contracts awarded by GSA or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for similar or comparable supplies, or services, established with more than one supplier, at varying prices. The primary statutory authorities for the MAS program are 41 U.S.C. 152(3), Competitive Procedures, and 40 U.S.C. 501, Services for Executive Agencies." class="agov-definition">Multiple Award Schedule</i> Program. The Federal Supply Schedule program is directed and managed by GSA and provides <i data-tippy-content="Federal agency means any executive agency or any independent establishment in the legislative or judicial branch of the Government (except the Senate, the House of Representatives, the Architect of the Capitol, and any activities under the Architect’s direction)." class="agov-definition">Federal agencies</i> (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/8.004#FAR_8_004" title="8.004" aria-label="8.004. Link 5">8.004</a>) with a simplified process for obtaining commercial <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and <i data-tippy-content="Commercial service means— (1) Installation services, maintenance services, repair services, training services, and other services if–(i) Such services are procured for support of a commercial product as defined in this section, regardless of whether such services are provided by the same source or at the same time as the commercial product; and(ii) The source of such services provides similar services contemporaneously to the general public under terms and conditions similar to those offered to the Federal Government;(2) Services of a type offered and sold competitively in substantial quantities in the commercial marketplace based on established catalog or market prices for specific tasks performed or specific outcomes to be achieved and under standard commercial terms and conditions. For purposes of these services–(i)Catalog price means a price included in a catalog, price list, schedule, or other form that is regularly maintained by the manufacturer or vendor, is either published or otherwise available for inspection by customers, and states prices at which sales are currently, or were last, made to a significant number of buyers constituting the general public; and(ii)Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantiated through competition or from sources independent of the offerors; or(3) A service referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition, even though the service is transferred between or among separate divisions, subsidiaries, or affiliates of a contractor." class="agov-definition">commercial services</i> at prices associated with volume buying. Indefinite delivery contracts are awarded to provide <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and services at stated prices for given periods of time. GSA <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> delegate certain responsibilities to other agencies (<em class="ph i">e.g.,</em> GSA has delegated authority to the VA to procure medical <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> under the VA Federal Supply Schedules program). Orders issued under the VA Federal Supply Schedule program are covered by this subpart. Additionally, the Department of Defense (DoD) manages similar systems of schedule-type <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> for military items; however, DoD systems are not covered by this subpart.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e21"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> GSA schedule contracts require all schedule contractors to publish an "Authorized Federal Supply Schedule Pricelist" (pricelist). The pricelist contains all <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and services offered by a schedule contractor. In addition, each pricelist contains the <i data-tippy-content="Pricing means the process of establishing a reasonable amount or amounts to be paid for supplies or services." class="agov-definition">pricing</i> and the terms and conditions pertaining to each <i data-tippy-content="Special Item Number (SIN) means a group of generically similar (but not identical) supplies or services that are intended to serve the same general purpose or function." class="agov-definition">Special Item Number</i> that is on schedule. The schedule contractor is required to provide one copy of its pricelist to any <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> upon request. Also, a copy of the pricelist <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be obtained from the Federal Supply Service by submitting a written e-mail request to <a class="xref" href="mailto:schedules.infocenter@gsa.gov" target="_blank" title="schedules.infocenter@gsa.gov" aria-label="schedules.infocenter@gsa.gov. Link 6">schedules.infocenter@gsa.gov</a> or by telephone at 1-800-488-3111. This subpart, together with the pricelists, contain necessary information for placing delivery or <i data-tippy-content="Task order means an order for services placed against an established contract or with Government sources." class="agov-definition">task orders</i> with schedule contractors. In addition, the GSA schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting office means an office that awards or executes a contract for supplies or services and performs postaward functions not assigned to a contract administration office (except for use in part 48, see also 48.001)." class="agov-definition">contracting office</i> issues Federal Supply Schedules publications that contain a general overview of the Federal Supply Schedule (FSS) program and address pertinent topics. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> request copies of schedules publications by contacting the Centralized Mailing List Service through the Internet at <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/cmls" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/cmls" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/cmls. Link 7">http://www.gsa.gov/cmls</a>, submitting written e-mail requests to <a class="xref" href="mailto:CMLS@gsa.gov" target="_blank" title="CMLS@gsa.gov" aria-label="CMLS@gsa.gov. Link 8">CMLS@gsa.gov</a>; or by completing GSA Form 457, FSS Publications Mailing List Application, and mailing it to the GSA Centralized Mailing List Service (7 SM), P.O. Box 6477, Fort Worth, TX 76115. Copies of GSA Form 457 <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> also be obtained from the above-referenced points of contact.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e35"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e40"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> GSA <i data-tippy-content='Offer means a response to a solicitation that, if accepted, would bind the offeror to perform the resultant contract. Responses to invitations for bids (sealed bidding) are offers called "bids" or "sealed bids"; responses to requests for proposals (negotiation) are offers called "proposals"; however, responses to requests for quotations (simplified acquisition) are "quotations," not offers. For unsolicited proposals, see subpart 15.6.' class="agov-definition">offers</i> an on-line shopping service called "GSA Advantage!" through which <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> place orders against Schedules. (<i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> also use GSA Advantage! to place orders through GSA’s Global Supply System, a GSA wholesale supply source, formerly known as "GSA Stock" or the "Customer Supply Center." FAR <a class="xref fm:Subpart" href="#FAR_Subpart_8_4" title="subpart  8.4" aria-label="subpart聽 8.4. Link 9">subpart  8.4</a> is not applicable to orders placed through the GSA Global Supply System.) <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> access GSA Advantage! through the GSA Federal Supply Service Home Page ( <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/fas" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/fas" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/fas. Link 10">http://www.gsa.gov/fas</a>) or the GSA Federal Supply Schedule Home Page at <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules. Link 1">http://www.gsa.gov/schedules</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e54"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> GSA Advantage! enables <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> to search specific information (<em class="ph i">i.e.,</em> national stock number, part number, common name), review delivery <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">options</i>, place orders directly with Schedule contractors (except see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>) and pay for orders using the Governmentwide commercial purchase card.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e65"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e70"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <em class="ph i">eBuy,</em> GSA's electronic request for quotation (RFQ) system, is a part of a suite of online tools which complement GSA Advantage!. GSA's eBuy allows <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> to post requirements, obtain quotes, and issue orders electronically. Posting an RFQ on eBuy— </p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_402__d468e78"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Is one medium for providing fair notice to all schedule contractors offering such <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and services as required by,  <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>, and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>; and</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_402__d468e89"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Is required when an order contains brand-name specifications (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e97"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> access eBuy at <a class="xref" href="https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov" target="_blank" title="https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov" aria-label="https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov. Link 16">https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov</a>. For more information or assistance on either GSA Advantage! or eBuy, contact GSA by email at <a class="xref" href="mailto:gsa.advantage@gsa.gov" target="_blank" title="gsa.advantage@gsa.gov" aria-label="gsa.advantage@gsa.gov. Link 17">gsa.advantage@gsa.gov</a>. </p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e108"> <span class="ph autonumber">(e)</span> For more information or assistance regarding the Federal Supply Schedule Program, review the following website: <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/schedules. Link 1">http://www.gsa.gov/schedules</a>. Additionally, for on-line training courses regarding the Schedules Program, review the following website: <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/training" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/training" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/training. Link 19">http://www.gsa.gov/training</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e119"> <span class="ph autonumber">(f)</span> For administrative convenience, an <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> add items not on the Federal Supply Schedule (also referred to as open market items) to a Federal Supply Schedule blanket purchase agreement (BPA) or an individual task or <i data-tippy-content="Delivery order means an order for supplies placed against an established contract or with Government sources." class="agov-definition">delivery order</i> only if-</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e125"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> All applicable <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> regulations pertaining to the purchase of the items not on the Federal Supply Schedule have been followed (<em class="ph i">e.g.,</em> publicizing ( <a class="xref fm:Part" href="/far/part-5#FAR_Part_5" title="part  5" aria-label="part聽 5. Link 20">part  5</a>), competition requirements ( <a class="xref fm:Part" href="/far/part-6#FAR_Part_6" title="part  6" aria-label="part聽 6. Link 21">part  6</a>), <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> of <i data-tippy-content="Commercial product means— (1) A product, other than real property, that is of a type customarily used by the general public or by nongovernmental entities for purposes other than governmental purposes, and–(i) Has been sold, leased, or licensed to the general public; or(ii) Has been offered for sale, lease, or license to the general public;(2) A product that evolved from a product described in paragraph (1) of this definition through advances in technology or performance and that is not yet available in the commercial marketplace, but will be available in the commercial marketplace in time to satisfy the delivery requirements under a Government solicitation;(3) A product that would satisfy a criterion expressed in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition, except for-(i) Modifications of a type customarily available in the commercial marketplace; or(ii) Minor modifications of a type not customarily available in the commercial marketplace made to meet Federal Government requirements. “Minor modifications” means modifications that do not significantly alter the nongovernmental function or essential physical characteristics of an item or component, or change the purpose of a process. Factors to be considered in determining whether a modification is minor include the value and size of the modification and the comparative value and size of the final product. Dollar values and percentages may be used as guideposts, but are not conclusive evidence that a modification is minor;(4) Any combination of products meeting the requirements of paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this definition that are of a type customarily combined and sold in combination to the general public;(5) A product, or combination of products, referred to in paragraphs (1) through (4) of this definition, even though the product, or combination of products, is transferred between or among separate divisions, subsidiaries, or affiliates of a contractor; or(6) A nondevelopmental item, if the procuring agency determines the product was developed exclusively at private expense and sold in substantial quantities, on a competitive basis, to multiple State and local governments or to multiple foreign governments." class="agov-definition">commercial products</i> or <i data-tippy-content="Commercial service means— (1) Installation services, maintenance services, repair services, training services, and other services if–(i) Such services are procured for support of a commercial product as defined in this section, regardless of whether such services are provided by the same source or at the same time as the commercial product; and(ii) The source of such services provides similar services contemporaneously to the general public under terms and conditions similar to those offered to the Federal Government;(2) Services of a type offered and sold competitively in substantial quantities in the commercial marketplace based on established catalog or market prices for specific tasks performed or specific outcomes to be achieved and under standard commercial terms and conditions. For purposes of these services–(i)Catalog price means a price included in a catalog, price list, schedule, or other form that is regularly maintained by the manufacturer or vendor, is either published or otherwise available for inspection by customers, and states prices at which sales are currently, or were last, made to a significant number of buyers constituting the general public; and(ii)Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantiated through competition or from sources independent of the offerors; or(3) A service referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition, even though the service is transferred between or among separate divisions, subsidiaries, or affiliates of a contractor." class="agov-definition">commercial services</i> ( <a class="xref fm:Part" href="/far/part-12#FAR_Part_12" title="part  12" aria-label="part聽 12. Link 22">part  12</a>), <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> methods ( <a class="xref fm:Parts" href="/far/part-13#FAR_Part_13" title="parts  13" aria-label="parts聽 13. Link 23">parts  13</a>, <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-14#FAR_Part_14" title="14" aria-label="14. Link 24">14</a>, and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-15#FAR_Part_15" title="15" aria-label="15. Link 25">15</a>), and small business programs ( <a class="xref fm:Part" href="/far/part-19#FAR_Part_19" title="part  19" aria-label="part聽 19. Link 26">part  19</a>));</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e155"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> has determined the price for the items not on the Federal Supply Schedule is fair and reasonable;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e160"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> The items are clearly labeled on the order as items not on the Federal Supply Schedule and they conform to the rules for numbering <i data-tippy-content='Line item means the basic structural element in a procurement instrument that describes and organizes the required product or service for pricing, delivery, inspection, acceptance, invoicing, and payment. The use of the term "line item" includes "subline item," as applicable.' class="agov-definition">line items</i> at subpart <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-4.10#FAR_Subpart_4_10" title="4.10" aria-label="4.10. Link 27">4.10</a>; and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_402__d468e168"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> All clauses applicable to items not on the Federal Supply Schedule are included in the order.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_402__d468e173"> <span class="ph autonumber">(g)</span> When using the Governmentwide commercial purchase card as a method of payment, orders at or below the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> are exempt from verification in the <i data-tippy-content="System for Award Management (SAM) means the primary Government repository for prospective Federal awardee and Federal awardee information and the centralized Government system for certain contracting, grants, and other assistance-related processes. It includes—(1) Data collected from prospective Federal awardees required for the conduct of business with the Government;(2) Prospective contractor-submitted annual representations and certifications in accordance with FAR subpart 4.12; and(3) Identification of those parties excluded from receiving Federal contracts, certain subcontracts, and certain types of Federal financial and non-financial assistance and benefits." class="agov-definition">System for Award Management</i> as to whether the contractor has a delinquent debt subject to collection under the Treasury Offset Program (TOP).</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested1" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title4" id="FAR_8_403" data-part="section" data-part-number="8.403"> <h2 class="title topictitle2" id="ariaid-title4"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.403</span> Applicability.</h2> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_403__d469e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> Procedures in this subpart apply to—</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_403__d469e16"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Individual orders for <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services placed against Federal Supply Schedules contracts; and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_403__d469e21"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> BPAs established against Federal Supply Schedule contracts.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_403__d469e26"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> GSA <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> establish special ordering procedures for a particular schedule. In this case, that schedule will specify those special ordering procedures. Unless otherwise noted, special ordering procedures established for a Federal Supply Schedule take precedence over the procedures in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405" title="8.405" aria-label="8.405. Link 28">8.405</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_403__d469e33"> <span class="ph Yellow">Note: GSA-established ordering procedures for Order-Level Materials can be found at <a class="xref" href="https://www.acquisition.gov/gsam/subpart-538.72" target="_blank" title="GSAR subpart 538-72" aria-label="GSAR subpart 538-72. Link 29">GSAR subpart 538-72</a> </span>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_403__d469e40"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> In accordance with section 1427(b) of Public Law 108-136 ( <a class="xref" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title40-section1103&num=0&edition=prelim" target="_blank" title="40 U.S.C. 1103" aria-label="40 U.S.C. 1103. Link 30">40 U.S.C. 1103</a> note), for requirements that substantially or to a dominant extent specify performance of <i data-tippy-content="Architect-engineer services, as defined in 40 U.S.C. 1102, means—(1) Professional services of an architectural or engineering nature, as defined by State law, if applicable, that are required to be performed or approved by a person licensed, registered, or certified to provide those services;(2) Professional services of an architectural or engineering nature performed by contract that are associated with research, planning, development, design, construction, alteration, or repair of real property; and(3) Those other professional services of an architectural or engineering nature, or incidental services, that members of the architectural and engineering professions (and individuals in their employ) may logically or justifiably perform, including studies, investigations, surveying and mapping, tests, evaluations, consultations, comprehensive planning, program management, conceptual designs, plans and specifications, value engineering, construction phase services, soils engineering, drawing reviews, preparation of operating and maintenance manuals, and other related services." class="agov-definition">architect-engineer services</i> (as defined in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-2.1#FAR_2_101" title="2.101" aria-label="2.101. Link 31">2.101</a>), agencies—</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_403__d469e52"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> use the procedures at <a class="xref fm:Subpart" href="/far/subpart-36.6#FAR_Subpart_36_6" title="subpart  36.6" aria-label="subpart聽 36.6. Link 32">subpart  36.6</a>; and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_403__d469e60"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> not place orders for such requirements under a Federal Supply Schedule.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested1" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title5" id="FAR_8_404" data-part="section" data-part-number="8.404"> <h2 class="title topictitle2" id="ariaid-title5"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.404</span> Use of Federal Supply Schedules.</h2> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> <em class="ph i">General</em>. <a class="xref fm:Parts" href="/far/part-13#FAR_Part_13" title="parts  13" aria-label="parts聽 13. Link 23">parts  13</a> (except <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-13.3#FAR_13_303_2" title="13.303-2" aria-label="13.303-2. Link 34">13.303-2</a>(c)(3)), <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-14#FAR_Part_14" title="14" aria-label="14. Link 24">14</a>, <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-15#FAR_Part_15" title="15" aria-label="15. Link 25">15</a>, and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-19#FAR_Part_19" title="19" aria-label="19. Link 37">19</a> (except for the requirements at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-19.1#FAR_19_102" title="19.102" aria-label="19.102. Link 38">19.102</a>(b)(3) and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-19.2#FAR_19_202_1" title="19.202-1" aria-label="19.202-1. Link 39">19.202-1</a>(e)(1)(iii)) do not apply to BPAs or orders placed against Federal Supply Schedules contracts (but see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_5" title="8.405-5" aria-label="8.405-5. Link 40">8.405-5</a>). BPAs and orders placed against a MAS, using the procedures in this subpart, are considered to be issued using <i data-tippy-content="Full and open competition, when used with respect to a contract action, means that all responsible sources are permitted to compete." class="agov-definition">full and open competition</i> (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-6.1#FAR_6_102" title="6.102" aria-label="6.102. Link 41">6.102</a>(d)(3)). Therefore, when establishing a BPA (as authorized by <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-13.3#FAR_13_303_2" title="13.303-2" aria-label="13.303-2. Link 34">13.303-2</a>(c)(3)), or placing orders under Federal Supply Schedule contracts using the procedures of <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405" title="8.405" aria-label="8.405. Link 28">8.405</a>, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> not seek competition outside of the Federal Supply Schedules or synopsize the requirement; but see paragraph (g) of this section.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e52"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e57"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>, when placing an order or establishing a BPA, is responsible for applying the regulatory and statutory requirements applicable to the agency for which the order is placed or the BPA is established. The <i data-tippy-content="Requiring agency means the agency needing the supplies or services." class="agov-definition">requiring agency</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide the information on the applicable regulatory and statutory requirements to the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> responsible for placing the order.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e62"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> For orders over $600,000, see subpart <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-17.5#FAR_Subpart_17_5" title="17.5" aria-label="17.5. Link 44">17.5</a> for additional requirements for <i data-tippy-content="Interagency acquisition means a procedure by which an agency needing supplies or services (the requesting agency) obtains them from another agency (the servicing agency), by an assisted acquisition or a direct acquisition. The term includes—(1) Acquisitions under the Economy Act (31 U.S.C. 1535); and(2) Non-Economy Act acquisitions completed under other statutory authorities, (e.g., General Services Administration Federal Supply Schedules in subpart 8.4 and Governmentwide acquisition contracts (GWACs))." class="agov-definition">interagency acquisitions</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e70"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> <em class="ph i"><i data-tippy-content="Acquisition planning means the process by which the efforts of all personnel responsible for an acquisition are coordinated and integrated through a comprehensive plan for fulfilling the agency need in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. It includes developing the overall strategy for managing the acquisition." class="agov-definition">Acquisition planning</i>.</em> Orders placed under a Federal Supply Schedule contract-</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e78"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Are not exempt from the development of <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> plans (see <a class="xref fm:Subpart" href="/far/subpart-7.1#FAR_Subpart_7_1" title="subpart  7.1" aria-label="subpart聽 7.1. Link 45">subpart  7.1</a>), and an <i data-tippy-content='Information technology means any equipment, or interconnected system(s) or subsystem(s) of equipment, that is used in the automatic acquisition, storage, analysis, evaluation, manipulation, management, movement, control, display, switching, interchange, transmission, or reception of data or information by the agency.(1) For purposes of this definition, equipment is used by an agency if the equipment is used by the agency directly or is used by a contractor under a contract with the agency that requires-(i) Its use; or(ii) To a significant extent, its use in the performance of a service or the furnishing of a product.(2) The term "information technology" includes computers, ancillary equipment (including imaging peripherals, input, output, and storage devices necessary for security and surveillance), peripheral equipment designed to be controlled by the central processing unit of a computer, software, firmware and similar procedures, services (including support services), and related resources.(3) The term "information technology" does not include any equipment that-(i) Is acquired by a contractor incidental to a contract; or(ii) Contains imbedded information technology that is used as an integral part of the product, but the principal function of which is not the acquisition, storage, analysis, evaluation, manipulation, management, movement, control, display, switching, interchange, transmission, or reception of data or information. For example, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) equipment, such as thermostats or temperature control devices, and medical equipment where information technology is integral to its operation, are not information technology.' class="agov-definition">information technology</i> <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> strategy (see <a class="xref fm:Part" href="/far/part-39#FAR_Part_39" title="part  39" aria-label="part聽 39. Link 46">part  39</a>);</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e89"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> comply with all FAR requirements for a consolidated or bundled contract when the order meets the definition at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-2.1#FAR_2_101" title="2.101" aria-label="2.101. Link 31">2.101</a> of "consolidation" or "<i data-tippy-content='Bundling—(1) Means a subset of consolidation that combines two or more requirements for supplies or services, previously provided or performed under separate smaller contracts (see paragraph (2) of this definition), into a solicitation for a single contract, a multiple-award contract, or a task or delivery order that is likely to be unsuitable for award to a small business concern (even if it is suitable for award to a small business with a Small Business Teaming Arrangement) due to—(i) The diversity, size, or specialized nature of the elements of the performance specified;(ii) The aggregate dollar value of the anticipated award;(iii) The geographical dispersion of the contract performance sites; or(iv) Any combination of the factors described in paragraphs (1)(i), (ii), and (iii) of this definition.(2) "Separate smaller contract" as used in this definition, means a contract that has been performed by one or more small business concerns or that was suitable for award to one or more small business concerns.   ' class="agov-definition">bundling</i>"; and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e97"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">Must</i>, whether placed by the <i data-tippy-content="Requiring agency means the agency needing the supplies or services." class="agov-definition">requiring agency</i>, or on behalf of the <i data-tippy-content="Requiring agency means the agency needing the supplies or services." class="agov-definition">requiring agency</i>, be consistent with the <i data-tippy-content="Requiring agency means the agency needing the supplies or services." class="agov-definition">requiring agency</i>’s statutory and regulatory requirements applicable to the <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> of the supply or service.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e102"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> <em class="ph i"><i data-tippy-content="Pricing means the process of establishing a reasonable amount or amounts to be paid for supplies or services." class="agov-definition">Pricing</i></em>. <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">Supplies</i> offered on the schedule are listed at fixed prices. Services offered on the schedule are priced either at hourly rates, or at a fixed price for performance of a specific task (<em class="ph i">e.g.,</em> installation, maintenance, and repair). GSA has already determined the prices of <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and fixed-price services, and rates for services offered at hourly rates, under schedule contracts to be fair and reasonable. Therefore, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> are not required to make a separate determination of fair and reasonable <i data-tippy-content="Pricing means the process of establishing a reasonable amount or amounts to be paid for supplies or services." class="agov-definition">pricing</i>, except for a price evaluation as required by <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>(d). By placing an order against a schedule contract using the procedures in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405" title="8.405" aria-label="8.405. Link 28">8.405</a>, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> has concluded that the order represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i> (as defined in FAR <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-2.1#FAR_2_101" title="2.101" aria-label="2.101. Link 31">2.101</a>) and results in the lowest overall cost alternative (considering price, special features, administrative costs, etc.) to meet the Government’s needs. Although GSA has already negotiated fair and reasonable <i data-tippy-content="Pricing means the process of establishing a reasonable amount or amounts to be paid for supplies or services." class="agov-definition">pricing</i>, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> seek additional discounts before placing an order (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_4" title="8.405-4" aria-label="8.405-4. Link 51">8.405-4</a>).</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e125"> <span class="ph autonumber">(e)</span> The procedures under subpart <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-33.1#FAR_Subpart_33_1" title="33.1" aria-label="33.1. Link 52">33.1</a> are applicable to the issuance of an order or the establishment of a BPA against a schedule contract.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e133"> <span class="ph autonumber">(f)</span> If the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> issues an RFQ, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide the RFQ to any schedule contractor that requests a copy of it.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e138"> <span class="ph autonumber">(g)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e143"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> publicize contract actions funded in whole or in part by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Pub. L. 111-5):</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e149"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Notices of proposed MAS orders (including orders issued under BPAs) that are for "informational purposes only" exceeding $25,000 <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> follow the procedures in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-5.7#FAR_5_704" title="5.704" aria-label="5.704. Link 53">5.704</a> for posting orders.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e157"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Award notices for MAS orders (including orders issued under BPAs) <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> follow the procedures in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-5.7#FAR_5_705" title="5.705" aria-label="5.705. Link 54">5.705</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e165"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> When an order is awarded or a Blanket Purchase Agreement is established with an estimated value greater than the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i> and supported by a limited-source justification at <em class="ph i"> <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> </em>(a), the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e175"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Publicize the action (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-5.3#FAR_5_301" title="5.301" aria-label="5.301. Link 56">5.301</a>); and</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e183"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Post the justification in accordance with <em class="ph i"> <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> </em>(a)(2).</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e192"> <span class="ph autonumber">(h)</span> Type-of-order preference for services.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e198"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> specify the order type (<em class="ph i">i.e.</em>, firm-fixed price, time-and-materials, or labor-hour) for the services offered on the schedule priced at hourly rates.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e206"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Agencies <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> use fixed-price orders for the <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> of <i data-tippy-content="Commercial service means— (1) Installation services, maintenance services, repair services, training services, and other services if–(i) Such services are procured for support of a commercial product as defined in this section, regardless of whether such services are provided by the same source or at the same time as the commercial product; and(ii) The source of such services provides similar services contemporaneously to the general public under terms and conditions similar to those offered to the Federal Government;(2) Services of a type offered and sold competitively in substantial quantities in the commercial marketplace based on established catalog or market prices for specific tasks performed or specific outcomes to be achieved and under standard commercial terms and conditions. For purposes of these services–(i)Catalog price means a price included in a catalog, price list, schedule, or other form that is regularly maintained by the manufacturer or vendor, is either published or otherwise available for inspection by customers, and states prices at which sales are currently, or were last, made to a significant number of buyers constituting the general public; and(ii)Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantiated through competition or from sources independent of the offerors; or(3) A service referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition, even though the service is transferred between or among separate divisions, subsidiaries, or affiliates of a contractor." class="agov-definition">commercial services</i> to the maximum extent practicable.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_404__d470e211"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e216"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> A time-and-materials or labor-hour order <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be used for the <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> of <i data-tippy-content="Commercial service means— (1) Installation services, maintenance services, repair services, training services, and other services if–(i) Such services are procured for support of a commercial product as defined in this section, regardless of whether such services are provided by the same source or at the same time as the commercial product; and(ii) The source of such services provides similar services contemporaneously to the general public under terms and conditions similar to those offered to the Federal Government;(2) Services of a type offered and sold competitively in substantial quantities in the commercial marketplace based on established catalog or market prices for specific tasks performed or specific outcomes to be achieved and under standard commercial terms and conditions. For purposes of these services–(i)Catalog price means a price included in a catalog, price list, schedule, or other form that is regularly maintained by the manufacturer or vendor, is either published or otherwise available for inspection by customers, and states prices at which sales are currently, or were last, made to a significant number of buyers constituting the general public; and(ii)Market prices means current prices that are established in the course of ordinary trade between buyers and sellers free to bargain and that can be substantiated through competition or from sources independent of the offerors; or(3) A service referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition, even though the service is transferred between or among separate divisions, subsidiaries, or affiliates of a contractor." class="agov-definition">commercial services</i> only when it is not possible at the time of placing the order to estimate accurately the extent or duration of the work or to anticipate costs with any reasonable degree of confidence.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e221"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Prior to the issuance of a time-and-materials or labor-hour order, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e227"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Execute a determination and findings (D&F) for the order, in accordance with paragraph (h)(3)(iii) of this section that a fixed-price order is not suitable;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e232"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Include a ceiling price in the order that the contractor exceeds at its own risk; and</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e237"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> When the total performance period, including <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">options</i>, is more than three years, the D&F prepared in accordance with this paragraph <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be signed by the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> and approved by the <i data-tippy-content="Head of the contracting activity means the official who has overall responsibility for managing the contracting activity." class="agov-definition">head of the contracting activity</i> prior to the execution of the base period.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e242"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> The D&F required by paragraph (h)(3)(ii)(A) of this section <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> contain sufficient facts and rationale to justify that a fixed-price order is not suitable. At a minimum, the D&F <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e248"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Include a description of the <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> conducted (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(c) and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/10.002#FAR_10_002" title="10.002" aria-label="10.002. Link 59">10.002</a>(e));</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e259"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Establish that it is not possible at the time of placing the order to accurately estimate the extent or duration of the work or anticipate costs with any reasonable degree of confidence;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e264"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> Establish that the current requirement has been structured to maximize the use of fixed-price orders (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, by limiting the value or length of the time-and-materials/labor-hour order; or, establishing fixed prices for portions of the requirement) on future <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisitions</i> for the same or similar requirements; and</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e272"> <span class="ph autonumber">(D)</span> Describe actions to maximize the use of fixed-price orders on future <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisitions</i> for the same requirements.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_404__d470e277"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> Prior to an increase in the ceiling price of a time-and-materials or labor-hour order, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e283"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Conduct an analysis of <i data-tippy-content="Pricing means the process of establishing a reasonable amount or amounts to be paid for supplies or services." class="agov-definition">pricing</i> and other relevant factors to determine if the action is in the best interest of the Government and document the order file;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e288"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Follow the procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> for a change that modifies the general scope of the order; and</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_404__d470e296"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> Comply with the requirements at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_402" title="8.402" aria-label="8.402. Link 61">8.402</a>(f) when modifying an order to add open market items.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e304"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Ensure that service contractor reporting requirements are met in accordance with <a class="xref fm:Subpart" href="/far/subpart-4.17#FAR_Subpart_4_17" title="subpart  4.17" aria-label="subpart聽 4.17. Link 62">subpart  4.17</a>, Service Contracts Inventory.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_404__d470e312"> <span class="ph autonumber">(j)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Line item means the basic structural element in a procurement instrument that describes and organizes the required product or service for pricing, delivery, inspection, acceptance, invoicing, and payment. The use of the term "line item" includes "subline item," as applicable.' class="agov-definition">Line items</i>. When placing orders or establishing BPAs, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> reference the <i data-tippy-content="Special Item Number (SIN) means a group of generically similar (but not identical) supplies or services that are intended to serve the same general purpose or function." class="agov-definition">special item number</i> and the corresponding line or <i data-tippy-content="Subline item means a subset of a line item." class="agov-definition">subline item</i> awarded (established per <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-4.10#FAR_4_1005" title="4.1005" aria-label="4.1005. Link 63">4.1005</a>) in the schedule. If an <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> adds an item not on the Federal Supply Schedule in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_402" title="8.402" aria-label="8.402. Link 61">8.402</a>(f), establish a new <i data-tippy-content='Line item means the basic structural element in a procurement instrument that describes and organizes the required product or service for pricing, delivery, inspection, acceptance, invoicing, and payment. The use of the term "line item" includes "subline item," as applicable.' class="agov-definition">line item</i> in accordance with <a class="xref fm:Subpart" href="/far/subpart-4.10#FAR_Subpart_4_10" title="subpart  4.10" aria-label="subpart聽 4.10. Link 65">subpart  4.10</a>.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested1" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title6" id="FAR_8_405" data-part="section" data-part-number="8.405"> <h2 class="title topictitle2" id="ariaid-title6"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405</span> Ordering procedures for Federal Supply Schedules.</h2> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p" id="FAR_8_405__d471e8"><i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> use the ordering procedures of this section when placing an order or establishing a BPA for <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services. The procedures in this section apply to all schedules. For establishing BPAs and for orders under BPAs see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>.</p> </div> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title7" id="FAR_8_405_1" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-1"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title7"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-1</span> Ordering procedures for supplies, and services not requiring a statement of work.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> use the procedures of this subsection when ordering <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and services that are listed in the schedules contracts at a fixed price for the performance of a specific task, where a statement of work is not required (<em class="ph i">e.g.,</em> installation, maintenance, and repair). For establishing BPAs and for orders under BPAs see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e21"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <em class="ph i">Orders at or below the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i></em>. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> place orders at, or below, the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> with any Federal Supply Schedule contractor that can meet the agency’s needs. Although not required to solicit from a specific number of schedule contractors, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> attempt to distribute orders among contractors.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e28"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> <em class="ph i">Orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> but not exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i></em>. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> place orders with the schedule contractor that can provide the supply or service that represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i>. Before placing an order, an <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>:</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e36"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Consider reasonably available information about the supply or service offered under MAS contracts by surveying at least three schedule contractors through the GSA Advantage! on-line shopping service, by reviewing the catalogs or pricelists of at least three schedule contractors, or by requesting quotations from at least three schedule contractors (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_5" title="8.405-5" aria-label="8.405-5. Link 40">8.405-5</a> ); or</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e45"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Document the circumstances for restricting consideration to fewer than three schedule contractors based on one of the reasons at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> (a);</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e54"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> For proposed orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e60"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Each order <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be placed on a competitive basis in accordance with (d)(2) and (3) of this section, unless this requirement is waived on the basis of a justification that is prepared and approved in accordance with <em class="ph i"> <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> </em>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e69"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide an RFQ that includes a description of the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> to be delivered or the services to be performed and the basis upon which the selection will be made (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_1" title="8.405-1" aria-label="8.405-1. Link 71">8.405-1</a>(f)).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e77"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> -</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e83"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Post the RFQ on eBuy to afford all schedule contractors offering the required <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services under the appropriate <i data-tippy-content="Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) means contracts awarded by GSA or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for similar or comparable supplies, or services, established with more than one supplier, at varying prices. The primary statutory authorities for the MAS program are 41 U.S.C. 152(3), Competitive Procedures, and 40 U.S.C. 501, Services for Executive Agencies." class="agov-definition">multiple award schedule</i>(s) an opportunity to submit a quote; or</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e88"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Provide the RFQ to as many schedule contractors as practicable, consistent with <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> appropriate to the circumstances, to reasonably ensure that quotes will be received from at least three contractors that can fulfill the requirements. When fewer than three quotes are received from schedule contractors that can fulfill the requirement, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> prepare a written determination explaining that no additional contractors capable of fulfilling the requirement could be identified despite reasonable efforts to do so. The determination <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> clearly explain efforts made to obtain quotes from at least three schedule contractors.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e93"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> ensure that all quotes received are fairly considered and award is made in accordance with the basis for selection in the RFQ.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e98"> <span class="ph autonumber">(e)</span> When an order contains brand-name specifications, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> post the RFQ on eBuy along with the justification or documentation, as required by <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>. An RFQ is required when a purchase description specifies a brand-name.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e106"> <span class="ph autonumber">(f)</span> In addition to price (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a> (d) and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_4" title="8.405-4" aria-label="8.405-4. Link 51">8.405-4</a>), when determining <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i>, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> consider, among other factors, the following:</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e118"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Past performance means an offeror’s or contractor’s performance on active and physically completed contracts (see 4.804-4)." class="agov-definition">Past performance</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e123"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Special features of the supply or service required for effective program performance.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e128"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> Trade-in considerations.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e133"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> Probable life of the item selected as compared with that of a comparable item.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e138"> <span class="ph autonumber">(5)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Warranty means a promise or affirmation given by a contractor to the Government regarding the nature, usefulness, or condition of the supplies or performance of services furnished under the contract." class="agov-definition">Warranty</i> considerations.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e143"> <span class="ph autonumber">(6)</span> Maintenance availability.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e148"> <span class="ph autonumber">(7)</span> Environmental and energy efficiency considerations.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e153"> <span class="ph autonumber">(8)</span> Delivery terms.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e158"> <span class="ph autonumber">(g)</span> <em class="ph i">Minimum documentation</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> document-</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e166"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> The schedule contracts considered, noting the contractor from which the supply or service was purchased;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e171"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> A description of the supply or service purchased;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e176"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> The amount paid;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e181"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> When an order exceeds the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, evidence of compliance with the ordering procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_1" title="8.405-1" aria-label="8.405-1. Link 71">8.405-1</a>(d); and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_1__d472e189"> <span class="ph autonumber">(5)</span> The basis for the award decision.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title8" id="FAR_8_405_2" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-2"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title8"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-2</span> Ordering procedures for services requiring a statement of work.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> <em class="ph i">General</em>. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> use the procedures in this subsection when ordering services priced at hourly rates as established by the schedule contracts. The applicable services will be identified in the Federal Supply Schedule publications and the contractor’s pricelists. For establishing BPAs and for orders under BPAs see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e20"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <em class="ph i">Statements of Work (SOWs)</em>. All Statements of Work <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include a description of work to be performed; location of work; period of performance; deliverable schedule; applicable performance standards; and any special requirements (<em class="ph i">e.g.,</em> security clearances, travel, special knowledge). To the maximum extent practicable, agency requirements <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be performance-based statements (see <a class="xref fm:Subpart" href="/far/subpart-37.6#FAR_Subpart_37_6" title="subpart  37.6" aria-label="subpart聽 37.6. Link 77">subpart  37.6</a>).</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e33"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> <em class="ph i">Request for Quotation procedures</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> provide the request for quotation (RFQ), which includes the statement of work and evaluation criteria (<em class="ph i">e.g.,</em> experience and <i data-tippy-content="Past performance means an offeror’s or contractor’s performance on active and physically completed contracts (see 4.804-4)." class="agov-definition">past performance</i>), to schedule contractors that <i data-tippy-content='Offer means a response to a solicitation that, if accepted, would bind the offeror to perform the resultant contract. Responses to invitations for bids (sealed bidding) are offers called "bids" or "sealed bids"; responses to requests for proposals (negotiation) are offers called "proposals"; however, responses to requests for quotations (simplified acquisition) are "quotations," not offers. For unsolicited proposals, see subpart 15.6.' class="agov-definition">offer</i> services that will meet the agency’s needs. The RFQ <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be posted to GSA’s electronic RFQ system, eBuy (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_402" title="8.402" aria-label="8.402. Link 61">8.402</a>(d)).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e47"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <em class="ph i">Orders at, or below, the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i></em>. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> place orders at, or below, the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> with any Federal Supply Schedule contractor that can meet the agency’s needs. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> attempt to distribute orders among contractors.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e54"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <em class="ph i">For orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i>, but not exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</em> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e61"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> develop a statement of work, in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>(b).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e69"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide the RFQ (including the statement of work and evaluation criteria) to at least three schedule contractors that <i data-tippy-content='Offer means a response to a solicitation that, if accepted, would bind the offeror to perform the resultant contract. Responses to invitations for bids (sealed bidding) are offers called "bids" or "sealed bids"; responses to requests for proposals (negotiation) are offers called "proposals"; however, responses to requests for quotations (simplified acquisition) are "quotations," not offers. For unsolicited proposals, see subpart 15.6.' class="agov-definition">offer</i> services that will meet the agency’s needs or document the circumstances for restricting consideration to fewer than three schedule contractors based on one of the reasons at <em class="ph i"> <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> </em>(a).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e78"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> specify the type of order (<em class="ph i">i.e.</em>, firm-fixed-price, labor-hour) for the services identified in the statement of work. The <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> establish firm-fixed-prices, as appropriate.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e86"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> For proposed orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>. In addition to meeting the requirements of <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>(c)(2)(i) and (iii), the following procedures apply:</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e95"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Each order <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be placed on a competitive basis in accordance with (c)(3)(ii) and (iii) of this section, unless this requirement is waived on the basis of a justification that is prepared and approved in accordance with <em class="ph i"> <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a> </em>.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e104"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide an RFQ that includes a statement of work and the evaluation criteria.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e109"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e115"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Post the RFQ on eBuy to afford all schedule contractors offering the required services under the appropriate multiple-award schedule(s) an opportunity to submit a quote; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e120"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Provide the RFQ to as many schedule contractors as practicable, consistent with <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> appropriate to the circumstances, to reasonably ensure that quotes will be received from at least three contractors that can fulfill the requirements. When fewer than three quotes are received from schedule contractors that can fulfill the requirements, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> prepare a written determination to explain that no additional contractors capable of fulfilling the requirements could be identified despite reasonable efforts to do so. The determination <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> clearly explain efforts made to obtain quotes from at least three schedule contractors.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e125"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> Ensure all quotes received are fairly considered and award is made in accordance with the evaluation criteria in the RFQ.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e130"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide the RFQ (including the statement of work and the evaluation criteria) to any schedule contractor who requests a copy of it.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e135"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> <em class="ph i">Evaluation</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> evaluate all responses received using the evaluation criteria provided to the schedule contractors. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> is responsible for considering the level of effort and the mix of labor proposed to perform a specific task being ordered, and for determining that the total price is reasonable. Place the order with the schedule contractor that represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i> (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(d) and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_4" title="8.405-4" aria-label="8.405-4. Link 51">8.405-4</a>). After award, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> provide timely notification to unsuccessful <i data-tippy-content="Offeror means offeror or bidder." class="agov-definition">offerors</i>. If an unsuccessful <i data-tippy-content="Offeror means offeror or bidder." class="agov-definition">offeror</i> requests information on an award that was based on factors other than price alone, a brief explanation of the basis for the award decision <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be provided.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e148"> <span class="ph autonumber">(e)</span> <em class="ph i">Use of time-and-materials and labor-hour orders for services</em>. When placing a time-and-materials or labor-hour order for services, see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(h).</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e158"> <span class="ph autonumber">(f)</span> Minimum documentation. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> document-</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e164"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> The schedule contracts considered, noting the contractor from which the service was purchased;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e169"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> A description of the service purchased;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e174"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> The amount paid;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e179"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> The evaluation methodology used in selecting the contractor to receive the order;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e184"> <span class="ph autonumber">(5)</span> The rationale for any tradeoffs in making the selection;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e189"> <span class="ph autonumber">(6)</span> The price reasonableness determination required by paragraph (d) of this subsection;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e194"> <span class="ph autonumber">(7)</span> The rationale for using other than-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e200"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> A firm-fixed price order; or</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e205"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> A performance-based order; and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_2__d473e210"> <span class="ph autonumber">(8)</span> When an order exceeds the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, evidence of compliance with the ordering procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>(c).</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title9" id="FAR_8_405_3" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-3"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title9"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-3</span> Blanket purchase agreements (BPAs).</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> <em class="ph i">Establishment</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e18"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> establish BPAs under any schedule contract to fill repetitive needs for <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> establish the BPA with the schedule contractor(s) that can provide the supply or service that represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e23"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> In addition to price (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(d) and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_4" title="8.405-4" aria-label="8.405-4. Link 51">8.405-4</a>), when determining <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i>, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> consider, among other factors, the following:</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e35"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Past performance means an offeror’s or contractor’s performance on active and physically completed contracts (see 4.804-4)." class="agov-definition">Past performance</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e40"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Special features of the supply or service required for effective program performance.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e45"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> Trade-in considerations.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e50"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> Probable life of the item selected as compared with that of a comparable item.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e55"> <span class="ph autonumber">(v)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Warranty means a promise or affirmation given by a contractor to the Government regarding the nature, usefulness, or condition of the supplies or performance of services furnished under the contract." class="agov-definition">Warranty</i> considerations.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e60"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vi)</span> Maintenance availability.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e65"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vii)</span> Environmental and energy efficiency considerations.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e70"> <span class="ph autonumber">(viii)</span> Delivery terms.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e75"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e80"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>, to the maximum extent practicable, give preference to establishing multiple-award BPAs, rather than establishing a single-award BPA.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e85"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> No single-award BPA with an estimated value exceeding $100 million (including any <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">options</i>), <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be awarded unless the <i data-tippy-content='Head of the agency (see "agency head").' class="agov-definition">head of the agency</i> determines <i data-tippy-content='In writing, "writing," or "written" means any worded or numbered expression that can be read, reproduced, and later communicated, and includes electronically transmitted and stored information.' class="agov-definition">in writing</i> that-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e91"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> The orders expected under the BPA are so integrally related that only a single source can reasonably perform the work;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e96"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> The BPA provides only for firm-fixed priced orders for-</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e102"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Products has the same meaning as "supplies."' class="agov-definition">Products</i> with unit prices established in the BPA; or</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e107"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Services with prices established in the BPA for specific tasks to be performed;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e112"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> Only one source is qualified and capable of performing the work at a reasonable price to the Government; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e117"> <span class="ph autonumber">(D)</span> It is necessary in the public interest to award the BPA to a single source for exceptional circumstances.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e122"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> The requirement for a determination for a single-award BPA greater than $100 million is in addition to any applicable requirement for a limited-source justification at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>. However, the two documents <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be combined into one document.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e130"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> In determining how many multiple-award BPAs to establish or that a single-award BPA is appropriate, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> consider the following factors and document the decision in the <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> plan or BPA file:</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e136"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> The scope and complexity of the requirement(s);</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e141"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> The benefits of on-going competition and the need to periodically compare multiple technical approaches or prices;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e146"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> The administrative costs of BPAs; and</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e151"> <span class="ph autonumber">(D)</span> The technical qualifications of the schedule contractor(s).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e156"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> BPAs <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> address the frequency of ordering, invoicing, discounts, requirements (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, estimated quantities, work to be performed), delivery locations, and time.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e164"> <span class="ph autonumber">(5)</span> When establishing multiple-award BPAs, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> specify the procedures for placing orders under the BPAs in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>(c)(2).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e172"> <span class="ph autonumber">(6)</span> Establishment of a multi-agency BPA against a Federal Supply Schedule contract is permitted if the multi-agency BPA identifies the participating agencies and their estimated requirements at the time the BPA is established.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e177"> <span class="ph autonumber">(7)</span> <em class="ph i">Minimum documentation</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include in the BPA file documentation the-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e185"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Schedule contracts considered, noting the contractor to which the BPA was awarded;</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e190"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Description of the supply or service purchased;</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e195"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> Price;</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e200"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> Required justification for a limited-source BPA (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>), if applicable;</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e208"> <span class="ph autonumber">(v)</span> Determination for a single-award BPA exceeding $100 million, if applicable (see (a)(3)(ii)) of this section);</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e213"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vi)</span> Documentation supporting the decision to establish multiple-award BPAs or a single-award BPA (see (a)(3)(iv));</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e218"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vii)</span> Evidence of compliance with paragraph (b) of this section, for competitively awarded BPAs, if applicable; and</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e223"> <span class="ph autonumber">(viii)</span> <em class="ph i">Basis for the award decision</em>. This <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> include the evaluation methodology used in selecting the contractor, the rationale for any tradeoffs in making the selection, and a price reasonableness determination for services requiring a statement of work.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e230"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <em class="ph i">Competitive procedures for establishing a BPA</em>. This paragraph applies to the establishment of a BPA, in addition to applicable instructions in paragraph (a).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e238"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <em class="ph i">For <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i>, and for services not requiring a statement of work</em>. The procedures of this paragraph apply when establishing a BPA for <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and services that are listed in the schedule contract at a fixed price for the performance of a specific task, where a statement of work is not required (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, installation, maintenance, and repair).</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e249"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> <em class="ph i">If the estimated value of the BPA does not exceed the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</em> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e256"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>:</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e262"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Consider reasonably available information about the supply or service offered under MAS contracts by surveying at least three schedule contractors through the GSA Advantage! on-line shopping service, by reviewing the catalogs or pricelists of at least three schedule contractors, or by requesting quotations from at least three schedule contractors (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_5" title="8.405-5" aria-label="8.405-5. Link 40">8.405-5</a>); or</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e270"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Document the circumstances for restricting consideration to fewer than three schedule contractors based on one of the reasons at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>(a).</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e278"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> establish the BPA with the schedule contractor(s) that can provide the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e283"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> <em class="ph i">If the estimated value of the BPA exceeds the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i></em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>:</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e291"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> provide an RFQ that includes a description of the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> to be delivered or the services to be performed and the basis upon which the selection will be made.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e296"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> (<em class="ph i">1</em>) <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> post the RFQ on eBuy to afford all schedule contractors offering the required <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services under the appropriate <i data-tippy-content="Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) means contracts awarded by GSA or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for similar or comparable supplies, or services, established with more than one supplier, at varying prices. The primary statutory authorities for the MAS program are 41 U.S.C. 152(3), Competitive Procedures, and 40 U.S.C. 501, Services for Executive Agencies." class="agov-definition">multiple award schedule</i>(s) an opportunity to submit a quote; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e303">(<em class="ph i">2</em>) <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> provide the RFQ to as many schedule contractors as practicable, consistent with <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> appropriate to the circumstances, to reasonably ensure that quotes will be received from at least three contractors that can fulfill the requirements. When fewer than three quotes are received from schedule contractors that can fulfill the requirements, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> prepare a written determination explaining that no additional contractors capable of fulfilling the requirements could be identified despite reasonable efforts to do so. The determination <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> clearly explain efforts made to obtain quotes from at least three schedule contractors.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e309"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> ensure all quotes received are fairly considered and award is made in accordance with the basis for selection in the RFQ. After seeking price reductions (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_4" title="8.405-4" aria-label="8.405-4. Link 51">8.405-4</a>), establish the BPA with the schedule contractor(s) that provides the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e317"> <span class="ph autonumber">(D)</span> The BPA <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be established in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1)(ii)(B) and (C) of this section, unless the requirement is waived on the basis of a justification that is prepared and approved in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e325"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <em class="ph i">For services requiring a statement of work</em>. This applies when establishing a BPA that requires services priced at hourly rates, as provided by the schedule contract. The applicable services will be identified in the Federal Supply Schedule publications and the contractor’s pricelists.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e333"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> <em class="ph i">Statements of Work (SOWs)</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> develop a statement of work. All Statements of Work <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include a description of work to be performed; location of work; period of performance; deliverable schedule; applicable performance standards; and any special requirements (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, security clearances, travel, and special knowledge). To the maximum extent practicable, agency requirements <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be performance-based statements (see subpart <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-37.6#FAR_Subpart_37_6" title="37.6" aria-label="37.6. Link 96">37.6</a>).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e346"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> <em class="ph i">Type-of-order preference</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> specify the order type (<em class="ph i">i.e.</em>, firm-fixed price, time-and-materials, or labor-hour) for the services identified in the statement of work. The <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> establish firm-fixed priced orders to the maximum extent practicable. For time-and-materials and labor-hour orders, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> follow the procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(h).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e359"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> <em class="ph i">Request for quotation procedures</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> provide a RFQ, which includes the statement of work and evaluation criteria (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, experience and <i data-tippy-content="Past performance means an offeror’s or contractor’s performance on active and physically completed contracts (see 4.804-4)." class="agov-definition">past performance</i>), to schedule contractors that <i data-tippy-content='Offer means a response to a solicitation that, if accepted, would bind the offeror to perform the resultant contract. Responses to invitations for bids (sealed bidding) are offers called "bids" or "sealed bids"; responses to requests for proposals (negotiation) are offers called "proposals"; however, responses to requests for quotations (simplified acquisition) are "quotations," not offers. For unsolicited proposals, see subpart 15.6.' class="agov-definition">offer</i> services that will meet the agency’s needs. The RFQ <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be posted to GSA’s electronic RFQ system, e-Buy (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_402" title="8.402" aria-label="8.402. Link 61">8.402</a>(d)).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e372"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> <em class="ph i">If the estimated value of the BPA does not exceed the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i></em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> provide the RFQ (including the statement of work and evaluation criteria) to at least three schedule contractors that <i data-tippy-content='Offer means a response to a solicitation that, if accepted, would bind the offeror to perform the resultant contract. Responses to invitations for bids (sealed bidding) are offers called "bids" or "sealed bids"; responses to requests for proposals (negotiation) are offers called "proposals"; however, responses to requests for quotations (simplified acquisition) are "quotations," not offers. For unsolicited proposals, see subpart 15.6.' class="agov-definition">offer</i> services that will meet the agency’s needs.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e379"> <span class="ph autonumber">(v)</span> <em class="ph i">If estimated value of the BPA exceeds the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i></em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e387"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> post the RFQ on eBuy to afford all schedule contractors offering the required <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services under the appropriate multiple-award schedule an opportunity to submit a quote; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e392"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">Shall</i> provide the RFQ, which includes the statement of work and evaluation criteria, to as many schedule contractors as practicable, consistent with <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> appropriate to the circumstances, to reasonably ensure that quotes will be received from at least three contractors that can fulfill the requirements. When fewer than three quotes are received from schedule contractors that can fulfill the requirements, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> document the file. The <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> prepare a written determination explaining that no additional contractors capable of fulfilling the requirements could be identified despite reasonable efforts to do so. The determination <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> clearly explain efforts made to obtain quotes from at least three schedule contractors.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e397"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vi)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> ensure all quotes received are fairly considered and award is made in accordance with the basis for selection in the RFQ. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> is responsible for considering the level of effort and the mix of labor proposed to perform, and for determining that the proposed price is reasonable.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e402"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vii)</span> The BPA <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be established in accordance with paragraph (b)(2)(iv) or (v), and with paragraph (b)(2)(vi) of this section, unless the requirement is waived on the basis of a justification that is prepared and approved in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e410"> <span class="ph autonumber">(viii)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> establish the BPA with the schedule contractor(s) that represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i> (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(d) and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_4" title="8.405-4" aria-label="8.405-4. Link 51">8.405-4</a>).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e421"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> After award, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> provide timely notification to unsuccessful <i data-tippy-content="Offeror means offeror or bidder." class="agov-definition">offerors</i>. If an unsuccessful <i data-tippy-content="Offeror means offeror or bidder." class="agov-definition">offeror</i> requests information on an award that was based on factors other than price alone, a brief explanation of the basis for the award decision <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be provided.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e426"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> <em class="ph i">Ordering from BPAs</em>. The procedures in this paragraph (c) are not required for BPAs established on or before <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">May</i> 16, 2011. However, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> are encouraged to use the procedures for such BPAs.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e434"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <em class="ph i">Single-award BPA</em>. If the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> establishes a single-award BPA, authorized users <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> place the order directly under the established BPA when the need for the supply or service arises.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e441"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <em class="ph i">Multiple-award BPAs</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e449"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Orders at or below the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> place orders at or below the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> with any BPA holder that can meet the agency needs. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> attempt to distribute any such orders among the BPA holders.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e454"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> but not exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e460"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> provide each multiple-award BPA holder a fair opportunity to be considered for each order exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i>, but not exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i> unless one of the exceptions at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>(a)(1)(i) applies.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e468"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> need not contact each of the multiple-award BPA holders before placing an order if information is available to ensure that each BPA holder is provided a fair opportunity to be considered for each order.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e473"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> document the circumstances when restricting consideration to less than all multiple-award BPA holders offering the required <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> and services.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e478"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> Orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e484"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> place an order in accordance with paragraphs (c)(2)(iii)(A)(<em class="ph i">1</em>), (<em class="ph i">2</em>) and (<em class="ph i">3</em>) of this paragraph, unless the requirement is waived on the basis of a justification that is prepared and approved in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e502"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Provide an RFQ to all BPA holders offering the required <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services under the multiple-award BPAs, to include a description of the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> to be delivered or the services to be performed and the basis upon which the selection will be made;</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e507"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Afford all BPA holders responding to the RFQ an opportunity to submit a quote; and</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e512"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> Fairly consider all responses received and make award in accordance with the selection procedures.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e517"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> document evidence of compliance with these procedures and the basis for the award decision.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e522"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> <em class="ph i">BPAs for hourly-rate services</em>. If the BPA is for hourly-rate services, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> develop a statement of work for each order covered by the BPA. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> place these orders on a firm-fixed price basis to the maximum extent practicable. For time-and-materials and labor-hour orders, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> follow the procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(h). All orders under the BPA <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> specify a price for the performance of the tasks identified in the statement of work. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> is responsible for considering the level of effort and the mix of labor proposed to perform a specific task being ordered, and for determining that the total price is reasonable through appropriate analysis techniques, and documenting the file accordingly.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e532"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> <em class="ph i">Duration of BPAs</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e540"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Multiple-award BPAs generally <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> not exceed five years in length, but <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> do so to meet program requirements.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e545"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> A single-award BPA <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> not exceed one year. It <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> have up to four one-year <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">options</i>. See paragraph (e) of this section for requirements associated with <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">option</i> exercise.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e550"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> Contractors <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be awarded BPAs that extend beyond the current term of their GSA Schedule contract, so long as there are <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">option</i> periods in their GSA Schedule contract that, if exercised, will cover the BPA’s period of performance.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e555"> <span class="ph autonumber">(e)</span> <em class="ph i">Review of BPAs</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e563"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> review the BPA and determine <i data-tippy-content='In writing, "writing," or "written" means any worded or numbered expression that can be read, reproduced, and later communicated, and includes electronically transmitted and stored information.' class="agov-definition">in writing</i>, at least once a year (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, at <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">option</i> exercise), whether-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e572"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The schedule contract, upon which the BPA was established, is still in effect;</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e577"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> The BPA still represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i> (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(d)); and</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e585"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> Estimated quantities/amounts have been exceeded and additional price reductions can be obtained.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e590"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> The determination <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be included in the BPA file documentation.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_3__d474e594"></p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title10" id="FAR_8_405_4" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-4"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title10"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-4</span> Price reductions.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p"><i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> request a price reduction at any time before placing an order, establishing a BPA, or in conjunction with the annual BPA review. However, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> seek a price reduction when the order or BPA exceeds the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>. Schedule contractors are not required to pass on to all schedule users a price reduction extended only to an individual <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> for a specific order or BPA.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title11" id="FAR_8_405_5" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-5"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title11"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-5</span> Small business.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> Although the preference programs of part <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-19#FAR_Part_19" title="19" aria-label="19. Link 37">19</a> are not mandatory in this subpart, in accordance with section 1331 of Public Law 111-240 ( <a class="xref" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section644(r)&num=0&edition=prelim" target="_blank" title="15 U.S.C. 644(r)" aria-label="15 U.S.C. 644(r). Link 107">15 U.S.C. 644(r)</a>)-</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e22"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officers</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i>, at their discretion-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e28"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Set aside orders for any of the small business concerns identified in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/19.000#FAR_19_000" title="19.000" aria-label="19.000. Link 108">19.000</a>(a)(3); and</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e36"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Set aside BPAs for any of the small business concerns identified in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/19.000#FAR_19_000" title="19.000" aria-label="19.000. Link 108">19.000</a>(a)(3).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e44"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> When setting aside orders and BPAs-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e50"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Follow the ordering procedures for Federal Supply Schedules at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_1" title="8.405-1" aria-label="8.405-1. Link 71">8.405-1</a>, <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>, and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>; and</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e64"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> The specific small business program eligibility requirements identified in part <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/part-19#FAR_Part_19" title="19" aria-label="19. Link 37">19</a> apply.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e72"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> Orders placed under schedule contracts <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be credited toward the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i>’s small business goals. For purposes of reporting an order placed with a small business schedule contractor, an ordering agency <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> only take credit if the awardee meets a size standard that corresponds to the North American Industry Classification System code assigned to the order in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-19.1#FAR_19_102" title="19.102" aria-label="19.102. Link 38">19.102</a>(b)(3). <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> rely on the small business representations made by schedule contractors at the contract level (but see <span class="ph FAC 2025-03 January 17, 2025"> <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-19.3#FAR_19_301_2" title="19.301-2" aria-label="19.301-2. Link 115">19.301-2</a>(b)(3)</span> concerning rerepresentation for an order).</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e83"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> consider socio-economic status when identifying contractor(s) for consideration or competition for award of an order or BPA. At a minimum, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> consider, if available, at least one small business, veteran-owned small business, service disabled veteran-owned small business, <i data-tippy-content="HUBZone means a historically underutilized business zone that is an area located within one or more qualified census tracts, qualified nonmetropolitan counties, lands within the external boundaries of an Indian reservation, qualified base closure areas, redesignated areas, governor-designated covered areas, or qualified disaster areas, as defined in 13 CFR 126.103." class="agov-definition">HUBZone</i> small business, women-owned small business, or small disadvantaged business schedule contractor(s). GSA Advantage! and <i data-tippy-content="Schedules e-Library means the on-line source for GSA and VA Federal Supply Schedule contract award information. Schedules e-Library may be accessed at http://www.gsa.gov/elibrary." class="agov-definition">Schedules e-Library</i> at <a class="xref" href="http://www.gsa.gov/fas" target="_blank" title="http://www.gsa.gov/fas" aria-label="http://www.gsa.gov/fas. Link 10">http://www.gsa.gov/fas</a> contain information on the small business representations of Schedule contractors.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_5__d476e91"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> For orders exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i>, <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> give preference to the items of small business concerns when two or more items at the same delivered price will satisfy the requirement.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title12" id="FAR_8_405_6" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-6"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title12"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-6</span> Limiting sources.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p" id="FAR_8_405_6__d470e13">Orders placed or BPAs established under Federal Supply Schedules are exempt from the requirements in <a class="xref fm:Part" href="/far/part-6#FAR_Part_6" title="part  6" aria-label="part聽 6. Link 21">part  6</a>. However, an <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> justify its action when restricting consideration in accordance with paragraph (a) or (b) of this section—</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e15"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> Orders or BPAs exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> based on a limited sources justification.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e21"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Circumstances justifying limiting the source.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e27"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> For a proposed order or BPA with an estimated value exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i> not placed or established in accordance with the procedures in, <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_2" title="8.405-2" aria-label="8.405-2. Link 13">8.405-2</a>, or <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_3" title="8.405-3" aria-label="8.405-3. Link 14">8.405-3</a>, the only circumstances that <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> justify the action are–</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e39"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> An urgent and compelling need exists, and following the procedures would result in unacceptable delays;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e44"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Only one source is capable of providing the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services required at the level of quality required because the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services are unique or highly specialized; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e49"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> In the interest of economy and efficiency, the new work is a logical follow-on to an original Federal Supply Schedule order provided that the original order was placed in accordance with the applicable Federal Supply Schedule ordering procedures. The original order or BPA <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> not have been previously issued under sole-source or limited-sources procedures.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e54"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> See <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>(c) for the content of the justification for an order or BPA exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e62"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Posting.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e68"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Within 14 days after placing an order or establishing a BPA exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i> that is supported by a limited-sources justification permitted under any of the circumstances under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i>–</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e74"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Publish a notice in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-5.3#FAR_5_301" title="5.301" aria-label="5.301. Link 56">5.301</a>; and</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e82"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Post the justification-</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e88"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> At the GPE <a class="xref" href="https://www.sam.gov" target="_blank" title="https://www.sam.gov;" aria-label="https://www.sam.gov;. Link 122">https://www.sam.gov;</a> </p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e95"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> On the Web site of the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> agency, which <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> provide access to the justification by linking to the GPE; and</p> <p class=" ListL5" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e100"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> For a minimum of 30 days.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e105"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> In the case of an order or BPA permitted under paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section, the justification <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be posted within 30 days after award.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e110"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">Contracting officers</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> carefully screen all justifications for contractor proprietary data and remove all such data, and such references and citations as are necessary to protect the proprietary data, before making the justifications available for public <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i>. <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">Contracting officers</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> also be guided by the exemptions to disclosure of information contained in the Freedom of Information Act ( <a class="xref" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section552&num=0&edition=prelim" target="_blank" title="5 U.S.C. 552" aria-label="5 U.S.C. 552. Link 123">5 U.S.C. 552</a>) and the prohibitions against disclosure in <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-24.2#FAR_24_202" title="24.202" aria-label="24.202. Link 124">24.202</a> in determining whether other data <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> be removed. Although the submitter notice process set out in Executive Order 12600 "Predisclosure Notification Procedures for Confidential Commercial Information" does not apply, if the justification appears to contain proprietary data, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> provide the contractor that submitted the information an opportunity to review the justification for proprietary data before making the justification available for public <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i>, redacted as necessary. This process <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> not prevent or delay the posting of the justification in accordance with the timeframes required in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e121"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> This posting requirement does not apply when disclosure would compromise the national security (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, would result in disclosure of <i data-tippy-content="Classified information means any knowledge that can be communicated or any documentary material, regardless of its physical form or characteristics, that—(1)(i) Is owned by, is produced by or for, or is under the control of the United States Government; or(ii) Has been classified by the Department of Energy as privately generated restricted data following the procedures in 10 CFR 1045.21; and(2) Must be protected against unauthorized disclosure according to Executive Order12958, Classified National Security Information, April 7,1995, or classified in accordance with the Atomic Energy Act of 1954." class="agov-definition">classified information</i>) or create other security risks.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e129"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <em class="ph i">Items peculiar to one manufacturer</em>. An item peculiar to one manufacturer can be a particular brand name, product, or a feature of a product, peculiar to one manufacturer. A brand name item, whether available on one or more schedule contracts, is an item peculiar to one manufacturer.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e137"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Brand name specifications <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> not be used unless the particular brand name, product, or feature is essential to the Government’s requirements, and <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> indicates other companies’ similar <i data-tippy-content='Products has the same meaning as "supplies."' class="agov-definition">products</i>, or <i data-tippy-content='Products has the same meaning as "supplies."' class="agov-definition">products</i> lacking the particular feature, do not meet, or cannot be modified to meet, the agency’s needs.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e142"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> <em class="ph i">Documentation</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e150"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> For proposed orders or BPAs with an estimated value exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Micro-purchase threshold means $10,000, except it means-(1) For acquisitions of construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction), $2,000;(2) For acquisitions of services subject to 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, Service Contract Labor Standards, $2,500;  (3) For acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), as described in 13.201(g)(1), except for construction subject to 40 U.S.C. chapter 31, subchapter IV, Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) (41 U.S.C. 1903)–(i) $20,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $35,000 in the case of any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(4) For acquisitions of supplies or services from institutions of higher education (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) or related or affiliated nonprofit entities, or from nonprofit research organizations or independent research institutes—(i) $10,000; or(ii) A higher threshold, as determined appropriate by the head of the agency and consistent with clean audit findings under 31 U.S.C. chapter 75, Requirements for Single Audits; an internal institutional risk assessment; or State law." class="agov-definition">micro-purchase threshold</i>, but not exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> document the basis for restricting consideration to an item peculiar to one manufacturer.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e155"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> For proposed orders or BPAs with an estimated value exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, see paragraph (c) of this section.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e160"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> The documentation or justification <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be completed and approved at the time the requirement for a brand-name item is determined. In addition, the justification for a brand-name item is required at the order level when a justification for the brand-name item was not completed for the BPA or does not adequately cover the requirements in the order.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e165"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> <em class="ph i">Posting</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e171"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> post the following information along with the Request for Quotation (RFQ) to eBuy ( <a class="xref" href="https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov" target="_blank" title="https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov" aria-label="https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov. Link 16">https://www.ebuy.gsa.gov</a>): </p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e180"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> For proposed orders or BPAs with an estimated value exceeding $25,000, but not exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, the documentation required by paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e185"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> For proposed orders or BPAs with an estimated value exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, the justification required by paragraph (c) of this section.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e190"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> The documentation in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this sectionand the justification in paragraph (c) of this section is subject to the screening requirement in paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e195"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> The posting requirement of paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section does not apply when-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e201"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Disclosure would compromise the national security (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, would result in disclosure of <i data-tippy-content="Classified information means any knowledge that can be communicated or any documentary material, regardless of its physical form or characteristics, that—(1)(i) Is owned by, is produced by or for, or is under the control of the United States Government; or(ii) Has been classified by the Department of Energy as privately generated restricted data following the procedures in 10 CFR 1045.21; and(2) Must be protected against unauthorized disclosure according to Executive Order12958, Classified National Security Information, April 7,1995, or classified in accordance with the Atomic Energy Act of 1954." class="agov-definition">classified information</i>) or create other security risks. The fact that access to classified matter <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be necessary to submit a proposal or perform the contract does not, in itself, justify use of this exception;</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e209"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> The nature of the file (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, size, format) does not make it cost-effective or practicable for <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officers</i> to provide access through eBuy;; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e217"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> The agency’s <i data-tippy-content="Senior procurement executive means the individual appointed pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 1702(c) who is responsible for management direction of the acquisition system of the executive agency, including implementation of the unique acquisition policies, regulations, and standards of the executive agency." class="agov-definition">senior procurement executive</i> makes a written determination that access through eBuy is not in the Government’s interest.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e222"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> When applicable, the documentation and posting requirements in paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of this section apply only to the portion of the order or BPA that requires a brand-name item. If the justification and approval is to cover only the portion of the <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> which is brand-name, then it <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> so state; the approval level requirements will then only apply to that portion.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e227"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> An order or BPA with an estimated value exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e233"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> For a proposed order or BPA exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, the requiring activity <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> assist the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> in the preparation of the justification. The justification <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> cite that the <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> is conducted under the authority of the Multiple-Award Schedule Program (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_401" title="8.401" aria-label="8.401. Link 126">8.401</a>).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e241"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> At a minimum, each justification <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include the following information:</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e247"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Identification of the agency and the <i data-tippy-content="Contracting activity means an element of an agency designated by the agency head and delegated broad authority regarding acquisition functions." class="agov-definition">contracting activity</i>, and specific identification of the document as a "Limited-Sources Justification."</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e252"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Nature and/or description of the action being approved.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e257"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> A description of the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services required to meet the agency’s needs (including the estimated value).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e262"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iv)</span> The authority and supporting rationale (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>(a)(1)(i) and (b)(1)) and, if applicable, a demonstration of the proposed contractor’s unique qualifications to provide the required supply or service.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e270"> <span class="ph autonumber">(v)</span> A determination by the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> that the order represents the <i data-tippy-content="Best value means the expected outcome of an acquisition that, in the Government's estimation, provides the greatest overall benefit in response to the requirement." class="agov-definition">best value</i> consistent with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_404" title="8.404" aria-label="8.404. Link 58">8.404</a>(d).</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e278"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vi)</span> A description of the <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> conducted among schedule holders and the results or a statement of the reason <i data-tippy-content="Market research means collecting and analyzing information about capabilities within the market to satisfy agency needs." class="agov-definition">market research</i> was not conducted.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e283"> <span class="ph autonumber">(vii)</span> Any other facts supporting the justification.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e288"> <span class="ph autonumber">(viii)</span> A statement of the actions, if any, the agency <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> take to remove or overcome any barriers that led to the restricted consideration before any subsequent <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">acquisition</i> for the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services is made.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e293"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ix)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>’s certification that the justification is accurate and complete to the best of the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>’s knowledge and belief.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e298"> <span class="ph autonumber">(x)</span> Evidence that any supporting data that is the responsibility of technical or requirements personnel (<em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, verifying the Government’s minimum needs or requirements or other rationale for limited sources) and which form a basis for the justification have been certified as complete and accurate by the technical or requirements personnel.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e306"> <span class="ph autonumber">(xi)</span> For justifications under <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_405_6" title="8.405-6" aria-label="8.405-6. Link 12">8.405-6</a>(a)(1), a written determination by the approving official identifying the circumstance that applies.</p> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e314"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> <em class="ph i">Justification approvals</em>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e322"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> For a proposed order or BPA with an estimated value exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>, but not exceeding $750,000, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>’s certification that the justification is accurate and complete to the best of the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>’s knowledge and belief will serve as approval, unless a higher approval level is established in accordance with agency procedures.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e327"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> For a proposed order or BPA with an estimated value exceeding $750,000, but not exceeding $15 million, the justification <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be approved by the advocate for competition of the activity placing the order, or by an official named in paragraph (d)(3) or (4) of this section. This authority is not delegable.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e332"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> For a proposed order or BPA with an estimated value exceeding $15 million, but not exceeding $75 million (or, for DoD, NASA, and the Coast Guard, not exceeding $100 million), the justification <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be approved by-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e338"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The head of the <i data-tippy-content='Procuring activity means a component of an executive agency having a significant acquisition function and designated as such by the head of the agency. Unless agency regulations specify otherwise, the term "procuring activity" is synonymous with "contracting activity."' class="agov-definition">procuring activity</i> placing the order;</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e343"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> A designee who-</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e349"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> If a member of the armed forces, is a general or flag officer; or</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e354"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> If a civilian, is serving in a position in a grade above GS-15 under the General Schedule (or in a comparable or higher position under another schedule); or</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e359"> <span class="ph autonumber">(iii)</span> An official named in paragraph (d)(4) of this section.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_405_6__d477e364"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> For a proposed order or BPA with an estimated value exceeding $75 million (or, for DoD, NASA, and the Coast Guard, over $100 million), the justification <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be approved by the <i data-tippy-content="Senior procurement executive means the individual appointed pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 1702(c) who is responsible for management direction of the acquisition system of the executive agency, including implementation of the unique acquisition policies, regulations, and standards of the executive agency." class="agov-definition">senior procurement executive</i> of the agency placing the order. This authority is not delegable, except in the case of the Under Secretary of Defense for <i data-tippy-content="Acquisition means the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract." class="agov-definition">Acquisition</i> and Sustainment, acting as the <i data-tippy-content="Senior procurement executive means the individual appointed pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 1702(c) who is responsible for management direction of the acquisition system of the executive agency, including implementation of the unique acquisition policies, regulations, and standards of the executive agency." class="agov-definition">senior procurement executive</i> for the Department of Defense.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title13" id="FAR_8_405_7" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.405-7"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title13"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.405-7</span> Payment.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p" id="FAR_8_405_7__d478e8">Agencies <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> make payments for oral or written orders by any authorized means, including the Governmentwide commercial purchase card (but see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-32.11#FAR_32_1108" title="32.1108" aria-label="32.1108. Link 130">32.1108</a>(b)(2)).</p> </div> </article> </article> <article class="topic concept nested1" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title14" id="FAR_8_406" data-part="section" data-part-number="8.406"> <h2 class="title topictitle2" id="ariaid-title14"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406</span> Ordering activity responsibilities.</h2> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title15" id="FAR_8_406_1" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-1"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title15"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-1</span> Order placement.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> place orders orally, except for-</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e16"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">Supplies</i> and services not requiring a statement of work exceeding the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i>;</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e21"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Services requiring a statement of work (SOW); and</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e26"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> Orders containing brand-name specifications that exceed $25,000.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e31"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> use <a class="xref" href="https://www.gsa.gov/forms-library/order-supplies-and-services-0" target="_blank" title="Optional Form 347" aria-label="Optional聽Form聽347. Link 131">Optional Form 347</a>, an agency-prescribed form, or an established electronic communications format to order <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services from schedule contracts.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e39"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> place an order directly with the contractor in accordance with the terms and conditions of the price lists (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_402" title="8.402" aria-label="8.402. Link 61">8.402</a>(b)). Prior to placement of the order, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> ensure that the regulatory and statutory requirements of the <i data-tippy-content="Requiring agency means the agency needing the supplies or services." class="agov-definition">requiring agency</i> have been applied.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e47"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> Orders <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include the following information in addition to any information required by the schedule contract:</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e53"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Complete shipping and billing addresses.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e58"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> Contract number and date.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e63"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> Agency order number.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e68"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> F.o.b. delivery point; <em class="ph i">i.e.</em>, origin or destination.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e76"> <span class="ph autonumber">(5)</span> Discount terms.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e81"> <span class="ph autonumber">(6)</span> Delivery time or period of performance.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e86"> <span class="ph autonumber">(7)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Special Item Number (SIN) means a group of generically similar (but not identical) supplies or services that are intended to serve the same general purpose or function." class="agov-definition">Special item number</i> or national stock number.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e91"> <span class="ph autonumber">(8)</span> <i data-tippy-content='Line item means the basic structural element in a procurement instrument that describes and organizes the required product or service for pricing, delivery, inspection, acceptance, invoicing, and payment. The use of the term "line item" includes "subline item," as applicable.' class="agov-definition">Line item</i> or <i data-tippy-content="Subline item means a subset of a line item." class="agov-definition">subline item</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e96"> <span class="ph autonumber">(9)</span> A statement of work for services, when required, or a brief, complete description of each item (when ordering by model number, features and <i data-tippy-content="Option means a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract." class="agov-definition">options</i> such as color, finish, and electrical characteristics, if available, <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> be specified).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e101"> <span class="ph autonumber">(10)</span> Quantity and any variation in quantity.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e106"> <span class="ph autonumber">(11)</span> Number of units.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e112"> <span class="ph autonumber">(12)</span> Unit price.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e117"> <span class="ph autonumber">(13)</span> Total price of order.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e122"> <span class="ph autonumber">(14)</span> Points of <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i> and acceptance.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e127"> <span class="ph autonumber">(15)</span> Other pertinent data; <em class="ph i">e.g.</em>, delivery instructions or receiving hours and size-of-truck limitation.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e135"> <span class="ph autonumber">(16)</span> Marking requirements.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_1__d480e140"> <span class="ph autonumber">(17)</span> Level of preservation, packaging, and packing.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title16" id="FAR_8_406_2" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-2"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title16"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-2</span> Inspection and acceptance.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">Supplies</i>.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e16"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Consignees <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> inspect <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> at destination except when-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e22"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The schedule contract indicates that mandatory source <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i> is required by the schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> agency; or</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e27"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> A schedule item is covered by a product description, and the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> determines that the schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> agency’s <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i> assistance is needed (based on the ordering volume, the complexity of the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i>, or the <i data-tippy-content="Past performance means an offeror’s or contractor’s performance on active and physically completed contracts (see 4.804-4)." class="agov-definition">past performance</i> of the supplier).</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e32"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> When the schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> agency performs the <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i>, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> will provide two copies of the order specifying source <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i> to the schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> agency. The schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> agency will notify the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> of acceptance or rejection of the <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e37"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> Material inspected at source by the schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting means purchasing, renting, leasing, or otherwise obtaining supplies or services from nonfederal sources. Contracting includes description (but not determination) of supplies and services required, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. It does not include making grants or cooperative agreements." class="agov-definition">contracting</i> agency, and determined to conform with the product description of the schedule, <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> not be reinspected for the same purpose. The consignee <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> limit <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i> to kind, count, and condition on receipt.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e42"> <span class="ph autonumber">(4)</span> Unless otherwise provided in the schedule contract, acceptance is conclusive, except as regards <i data-tippy-content="Latent defect means a defect that exists at the time of acceptance but cannot be discovered by a reasonable inspection." class="agov-definition">latent defects</i>, fraud, or such gross mistakes as amount to fraud.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_2__d481e47"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <em class="ph i">Services</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> has the right to inspect all services in accordance with the contract requirements and as called for by the order. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> perform <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspections</i> and tests as specified in the order’s quality assurance surveillance plan in a manner that will not unduly delay the work.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title17" id="FAR_8_406_3" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-3"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title17"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-3</span> Remedies for nonconformance.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_3__d482e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> If a contractor delivers a supply or service, but it does not conform to the order requirements, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> take appropriate action in accordance with the <i data-tippy-content="Inspection means examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw materials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements." class="agov-definition">inspection</i> and acceptance clause of the contract, as supplemented by the order.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_3__d482e15"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> If the contractor fails to perform an order, or take appropriate corrective action, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> terminate the order for cause or modify the order to establish a new delivery date (after obtaining consideration, as appropriate). <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> follow the procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_406_4" title="8.406-4" aria-label="8.406-4. Link 133">8.406-4</a> when terminating an order for cause.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title18" id="FAR_8_406_4" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-4"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title18"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-4</span> Termination for cause.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> </p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e15"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> An <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> terminate individual orders for cause. Termination for cause <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> comply with FAR <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-12.4#FAR_12_403" title="12.403" aria-label="12.403. Link 134">12.403</a>, and <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> include charging the contractor with excess costs resulting from repurchase.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e23"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> The schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting office means an office that awards or executes a contract for supplies or services and performs postaward functions not assigned to a contract administration office (except for use in part 48, see also 48.001)." class="agov-definition">contracting office</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be notified of all instances where an <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> has terminated for cause an individual order to a Federal Supply Schedule contractor, or if fraud is suspected.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e28"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> If the contractor asserts that the failure was excusable, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> follow the procedures at <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="#FAR_8_406_6" title="8.406-6" aria-label="8.406-6. Link 135">8.406-6</a>, as appropriate.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e36"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> If the contractor is charged excess costs, the following apply:</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e42"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Any repurchase <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be made at as low a price as reasonable, considering the quality required by the Government, delivery requirement, and administrative expenses. Copies of all repurchase orders, except the copy furnished to the contractor or any other commercial concern, <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include the notation:</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e46">Repurchase against the account of __________ [<em class="ph i">insert contractor’s name</em>] under Order __________ [<em class="ph i">insert number</em>] under Contract __________ [<em class="ph i">insert number</em>].</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e58"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> When excess costs are anticipated, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> withhold funds due the contractor as offset security. <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> minimize excess costs to be charged against the contractor and collect or set-off any excess costs owed.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e63"> <span class="ph autonumber">(3)</span> If an <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> is unable to collect excess repurchase costs, it <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> notify the schedule <i data-tippy-content="Contracting office means an office that awards or executes a contract for supplies or services and performs postaward functions not assigned to a contract administration office (except for use in part 48, see also 48.001)." class="agov-definition">contracting office</i> after final payment to the contractor.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e69"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> The notice <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> include the following information about the terminated order:</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e75"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Name and address of the contractor.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e80"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Schedule, contract, and order number.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e85"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> <i data-tippy-content="Line item number means either a numeric or alphanumeric format to identify a line item." class="agov-definition">Line item number</i>(s) and a brief description of the item(s).</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e90"> <span class="ph autonumber">(D)</span> Cost of schedule items involved.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e95"> <span class="ph autonumber">(E)</span> Excess costs to be collected.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e100"> <span class="ph autonumber">(F)</span> Other pertinent data.</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e105"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> The notice <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> also include the following information about the purchase contract:</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e111"> <span class="ph autonumber">(A)</span> Name and address of the contractor.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e116"> <span class="ph autonumber">(B)</span> Item repurchase cost.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e121"> <span class="ph autonumber">(C)</span> Repurchase order number and date of payment.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e126"> <span class="ph autonumber">(D)</span> Contract number, if any.</p> <p class=" ListL4" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e131"> <span class="ph autonumber">(E)</span> Other pertinent data.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e136"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> Only the schedule <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> modify the contract to terminate for cause any, or all, <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services covered by the schedule contract. If the schedule <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> has terminated any <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services covered by the schedule contract, no further orders <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> be placed for those items. Orders placed prior to termination for cause <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be fulfilled by the contractor, unless terminated for the convenience of the Government by the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_4__d483e141"> <span class="ph autonumber">(e)</span> <em class="ph i">Reporting</em>. An <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>, in accordance with agency procedures, <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> ensure that information related to termination for cause notices and any amendments are reported. In the event the termination for cause is subsequently converted to a <i data-tippy-content="Termination for convenience means the exercise of the Government’s right to completely or partially terminate performance of work under a contract when it is in the Government’s interest." class="agov-definition">termination for convenience</i>, or is otherwise withdrawn, the <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> ensure that a notice of the conversion or withdrawal is reported. All reporting <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> be in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-42.15#FAR_42_1503" title="42.1503" aria-label="42.1503. Link 136">42.1503</a>(h).</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title19" id="FAR_8_406_5" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-5"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title19"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-5</span> Termination for the Government’s convenience.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_5__d484e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> An <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> terminate individual orders for the Government’s convenience. Terminations for the Government’s convenience <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> comply with FAR <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-12.4#FAR_12_403" title="12.403" aria-label="12.403. Link 134">12.403</a>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_5__d484e18"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> Before terminating orders for the Government’s convenience, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> endeavor to enter into a "no cost" settlement agreement with the contractor.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_5__d484e23"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> Only the schedule <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> modify the schedule contract to terminate any, or all, <i data-tippy-content="Supplies means all property except land or interest in land. It includes (but is not limited to) public works, buildings, and facilities; ships, floating equipment, and vessels of every character, type, and description, together with parts and accessories; aircraft and aircraft parts, accessories, and equipment; machine tools; and the alteration or installation of any of the foregoing." class="agov-definition">supplies</i> or services covered by the schedule contract for the Government’s convenience.</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title20" id="FAR_8_406_6" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-6"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title20"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-6</span> Disputes.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p"></p><p class="Runin RuninRestart ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e10"> <span class="ph autonumber">(a)</span> Disputes pertaining to the performance of orders under a schedule contract.</p> <p class="RuninChild ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e16"> <span class="ph autonumber">(1)</span> Under the Disputes clause of the schedule contract, the <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i>-</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e22"> <span class="ph autonumber">(i)</span> Issue final decisions on disputes arising from performance of the order (but see paragraph (b) of this section); or</p> <p class=" ListL3" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e27"> <span class="ph autonumber">(ii)</span> Refer the dispute to the schedule <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL2" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e32"> <span class="ph autonumber">(2)</span> The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> notify the schedule <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> promptly of any final decision.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e37"> <span class="ph autonumber">(b)</span> <em class="ph i">Disputes pertaining to the terms and conditions of schedule contracts</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">ordering activity</i> <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Shall denotes the imperative." class="agov-definition">shall</i> refer all disputes that relate to the contract terms and conditions to the schedule <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> for resolution under the Disputes clause of the contract and notify the schedule contractor of the referral.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e44"> <span class="ph autonumber">(c)</span> <em class="ph i">Appeals</em>. Contractors <i data-tippy-content='May denotes the permissive. However, the words "no person may..." mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act described.' class="agov-definition">may</i> appeal final decisions to either the Board of Contract Appeals servicing the agency that issued the final decision or the U.S. Court of Federal <i data-tippy-content="Claim means a written demand or written assertion by one of the contracting parties seeking, as a matter of right, the payment of money in a sum certain, the adjustment or interpretation of contract terms, or other relief arising under or relating to the contract. However, a written demand or written assertion by the contractor seeking the payment of money exceeding $100,000 is not a claim under 41 U.S.C. chapter 71, Contract Disputes, until certified as required by the statute. A voucher, invoice, or other routine request for payment that is not in dispute when submitted is not a claim. The submission may be converted to a claim, by written notice to the contracting officer as provided in 33.206(a), if it is disputed either as to liability or amount or is not acted upon in a reasonable time." class="agov-definition">Claims</i>.</p> <p class=" ListL1" id="FAR_8_406_6__d485e51"> <span class="ph autonumber">(d)</span> <em class="ph i">Alternative dispute resolution</em>. The <i data-tippy-content='Contracting officer means a person with the authority to enter into, administer, and/or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings. The term includes certain authorized representatives of the contracting officer acting within the limits of their authority as delegated by the contracting officer. "Administrative contracting officer (ACO)" refers to a contracting officer who is administering contracts. "Termination contracting officer (TCO)" refers to a contracting officer who is settling terminated contracts. A single contracting officer may be responsible for duties in any or all of these areas. Reference in this regulation (48 CFR chapter 1) to administrative contracting officer or termination contracting officer does not-(1) Require that a duty be performed at a particular office or activity; or(2) Restrict in any way a contracting officer in the performance of any duty properly assigned.' class="agov-definition">contracting officer</i> <i data-tippy-content="Should means an expected course of action or policy that is to be followed unless inappropriate for a particular circumstance." class="agov-definition">should</i> use the alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedures, to the maximum extent practicable (see <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-33.2#FAR_33_204" title="33.204" aria-label="33.204. Link 138">33.204</a> and <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-33.2#FAR_33_214" title="33.214" aria-label="33.214. Link 139">33.214</a>).</p> </div> </article> <article class="topic concept nested2" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title21" id="FAR_8_406_7" data-part="subsection" data-part-number="8.406-7"> <h3 class="title topictitle3" id="ariaid-title21"> <span class="ph autonumber">8.406-7</span> Contractor Performance Evaluation.</h3> <div class="body conbody"> <p class="p" id="FAR_8_406_7__d486e8"><i data-tippy-content='Ordering activity means an activity that is authorized to place orders, or establish blanket purchase agreements (BPA), against the General Services Administration’s (GSA) Multiple Award Schedule contracts. A list of eligible ordering activities is available at http://www.gsa.gov/schedules (click "For Customers Ordering from Schedules" and then "Eligibility to Use GSA Sources").' class="agov-definition">Ordering activities</i> <i data-tippy-content='Must (see "shall").' class="agov-definition">must</i> prepare at least annually and at the time the work under the order is completed, an evaluation of contractor performance for each order that exceeds the <i data-tippy-content="Simplified acquisition threshold means $250,000, except for—(1) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a contingency operation; to facilitate defense against or recovery from cyber, nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack; to support a request from the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development to facilitate provision of international disaster assistance pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2292 et seq.; or to support response to an emergency or major disaster (42 U.S.C. 5122), (41 U.S.C. 1903), the term means–(i) $800,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, inside the United States; and(ii) $1.5 million for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States; and(2) Acquisitions of supplies or services that, as determined by the head of the agency, are to be used to support a humanitarian or peacekeeping operation (10 U.S.C. 3015), the term means $500,000 for any contract to be awarded and performed, or purchase to be made, outside the United States." class="agov-definition">simplified acquisition threshold</i> in accordance with <a class="xref fm:ParaNumOnly" href="/far/subpart-42.15#FAR_42_1502" title="42.1502" aria-label="42.1502. 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