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Enlil-nadin-ahi - Wikipedia
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class="mw-page-title-main">Enlil-nadin-ahi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%8A" title="إنليل نادين أخي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنليل نادين أخي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-nadin-ahi" title="Enlil-nadin-ahi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Enlil-nadin-ahi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlilnadinakhi" title="Enlilnadinakhi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enlilnadinakhi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-n%C3%A1d%C3%ADn-achch%C3%A9" title="Enlil-nádín-achché – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Enlil-nádín-achché" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-n%C4%81din-a%E1%B8%ABi" title="Enlil-nādin-aḫi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Enlil-nādin-aḫi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-nadin-ahi" title="Enlil-nadin-ahi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enlil-nadin-ahi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-nadin-ahi" title="Enlil-nadin-ahi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Enlil-nadin-ahi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%89" title="انليل نادين اخى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انليل نادين اخى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-nadin-ahi" title="Enlil-nadin-ahi – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Enlil-nadin-ahi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil-nadin-ahi" title="Enlil-nadin-ahi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Enlil-nadin-ahi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlilnadinaque" title="Enlilnadinaque – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Enlilnadinaque" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%85%D0%B5" title="Эллиль-надин-аххе – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эллиль-надин-аххе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BD-%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%85%D0%B5" title="Енліль-надін-аххе – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Енліль-надін-аххе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%BB%91" title="恩利尔·那丁·阿黑 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="恩利尔·那丁·阿黑" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q879862#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Enlil-nādin-aḫe</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Babylon" title="List of kings of Babylon">King of Babylon</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg/220px-Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg/330px-Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg/440px-Enlil-nadin-ahe_kudurru.jpg 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="586" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Line art, <a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">cuneiform</a> text, for BM 113891, a boundary stone recording a royal land grant dated to the reign of Enlil-nādin-aḫe<sup id="cite_ref-kudurru_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kudurru-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">1157—1155 BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zababa-shuma-iddin" title="Zababa-shuma-iddin">Zababa-šuma-iddina</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marduk-kabit-ahheshu" title="Marduk-kabit-ahheshu">Marduk-kabit-aḫḫēšu</a><br />2nd Dynasty of <a href="/wiki/Isin" title="Isin">Isin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kassites" title="Kassites">Kassite</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Enlil-nādin-aḫe</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> “Enlil gives a brother,”<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>Enlil-šuma-uṣur</i>, “Enlil protect the son,”<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> depending on the reading of –MU-<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0E%C5%A0_(brother_Sumerogram)" class="mw-redirect" title="ŠEŠ (brother Sumerogram)">ŠEŠ</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-brinkman_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brinkman-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ca. 1157—1155 BC (<a href="/wiki/Short_chronology_timeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Short chronology timeline">short chronology</a>), was the 36th and final king of the <a href="/wiki/Kassites" title="Kassites">Kassite</a> or 3rd dynasty that had ruled over <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a> and the land known as <a href="/wiki/Karduniash" class="mw-redirect" title="Karduniash">Karduniash</a> since perhaps around 1500 BC. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlil-nadin-ahi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Shutruk-Nahhunte" class="mw-redirect" title="Shutruk-Nahhunte">Shutruk-Nahhunte</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a>, had overrun Babylonia bringing Enlil-nādin-aḫe’s predecessor, <a href="/wiki/Zababa-shuma-iddin" title="Zababa-shuma-iddin">Zababa-šuma-iddina</a>’s brief rule to an end. He had then returned to <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a> leaving his son, Kutir-Nahhunte, to govern. Enlil-nādin-aḫe was proclaimed king of “Sumer and Akkad”, and ruled for three years<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly in defiance of the occupying Elamite forces.<sup id="cite_ref-edwards_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edwards-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A single <a href="/wiki/Kudurru" title="Kudurru">kudurru</a>, or boundary stone (pictured), detailing a royal land grant,<sup id="cite_ref-kudurru_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kudurru-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an administrative text listing recipients of grain from <a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">Ur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a couple of tablets from a small cache<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the Merkes section of Babylon, all bear witness to his reign.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to later chronicles, his short reign was brought to a dramatic close when he led a campaign against the Elamite forces and suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Kutir-Nahhunte, who was possibly now the successor of Shutruk-Nahhunte. He was deported with the Kassite noblemen in chains to Susa accompanied by the booty pillaged from the various Babylonian temples, whose most notable example was the cult <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Marduk" title="Statue of Marduk">statue of Marduk</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an act so sacrilegious to the Babylonians that it would forever cast Kutir-Nahhunte in infamy. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>His crimes were greater and his grievous sins worse than all his fathers had committed. . .like a deluge he laid low all the peoples of Akkad, and cast in ruins Babylon and all the noblest cities of sanctity.<sup id="cite_ref-edwards_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edwards-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><i>Nabû-kudurrī-uṣur I? </i>, Poetic pseudo-autobiographical text.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The memory of the disaster was preserved in the Akkadian liturgy in a prayer, presenting rituals in the third month Simanu. An invocation for the god of justice, <a href="/wiki/Shamash" title="Shamash">Šamaš</a>, recounts: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>An aggressor attacked us, plundered our flocks. A wicked enemy came quickly against us; the evil one laid waste our countryside. The foe captured us. His bow was nocked to let the arrows fly. But we ourselves, we did not know how to grasp a quiver. Elam overwhelmed our sacred localities. We did not know the great craft of war and the <a href="/wiki/Subartu" title="Subartu">Subarian</a> [<i>was as</i>] <i>hostile to</i> him as a ewe-lamb. Babylon, its loins have been stripped.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><i>Temple Ritual for Simanu</i>, Babylonian temple rituals.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The so-called <i>Chedor-laomer</i> texts, from the Spartoli tablets collection in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>, may make reference to this period, where Kutir-Nahhunte is represented by Kudur-lagamar.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kudur-lagamar is described as ruling in Babylon and overthrowing, or perhaps taking away Marduk. These are fragmentary second century BC texts, preserving traditions going back to perhaps the seventh century BC, relating how four successive kings, with cryptic ambiguous names, attacked Babylon.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The translation of "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chedorlaomer_Tablets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chedorlaomer Tablets (page does not exist)">Chedorlaomer Tablets</a>" from the Spartoli collection:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>With their firm counsel, they established Kudur-Lagamar, king of Elam. Now, one who is pleasing to them [-] will exercise kingship in Babylon, the city of Babylonia (...) What king of Elam is there who provided for Esagila and ... ? The Babylonians ... and [-] their message: “(As for) [the wo]rds that you wrote: ‘I am a king, son of king, of [royal seed e]ternal, [indeed] the son of a king's daughter who sat upon the royal throne. [As for] Dur-ṣil-ilani son of <a href="/wiki/Arioch" title="Arioch">Erie[A]ku</a>, who [carried off] plunder of [-], he sat on the royal throne ... [-] [As for] us, let a king come whose [lineage is] firmly founded] from ancient days, he should be called lord of Babylon (...) When the guardian of well-being cries [-] The protective spirit of Esharra [-] was frightened away. The Elamite hastened to evil deeds, for the Lord devised evil for Babylon. When the protective genius of justice stood aside, the protective spirit of Esharra, temple of all the gods, was frightened away. The Elamite enemy took away his possessions, Enlil, who dwelt therein, became furious. When the heavens (?) changed their appearance, the fiery glare and ill wind obliterated their faces. Their gods were frightened off, they went down to the depths. Whirlwinds, ill wind engulfed the heavens. Anu (the gods') creator had become furious. He diminished their (celestial) appearances, he laid waste (?) his (own celestial) position, with the burning of the shrine E-ana he obliterated its designs. [-] Esharra, the netherworld trembled. [Enlil?] commanded total destruction. [The god had] become furious: he commanded for Sumer the smashing of En[lil]'s land. Which one is Kudur-Lagamar, the evil doer? He called therefore the Umman-man(da he level)led the land of Enlil, he laid waste (?) [-] at their side. When the [-] of Ê-zida, and Nabu, trustee of all [-] hastened to [-] He set [out] downstream, toward the ocean, Ibbi-Tutu, who was on the sea, hastened to the East, He (Nabu) crossed the sea and accupied a dwelling not his own. The rites of E-zida, the sure house, were deathly still. The Elamite [enemy] sent forth his chariotry, he headed dowstream toward Borsippa. He came down the dark way, he entered Borsippa. The vile Elamite toppled its sanctuary, he slew the nobles of ...with weapons, he plundered all the temples. He took their possessions and carried them off to Elam. He destroyed its wall, he filled the land [with weeping ...] (...) an improvident sovereign [-] he felled with weapons Dur-ṣil-ilani son of <a href="/wiki/Arioch" title="Arioch">Eri-[e]Aku</a>, he plundered [-] water over Babylon and Esagila, he slaughtered its [-] with his own weapon like sheep, [-] he burned with fire, old and young, [-] with weapons, [-] he cut down young and old. <a href="/wiki/Tidal_(king)" title="Tidal (king)">Tudḫula</a> son of Gazza[-], plundered the [-] water over Babylon and Esagila, [-] his son smote his pate with his own weapon. [-] his lordship to the [rites] of Annunit[um] [king of] Elam [-] plundered the great ..., [-] he sent like the deluge, all the cult centers of Akkad and their sanctuaries he burned [with fi]re Kudur-Lagamar his son c[ut?] his middle and his heart with an iron dagger, [-] his enemy he took and sought out (?). The wicked kings, criminals, [-] captured. The king of the gods, Marduk, became angry at them (...) [The doer] of evil to him [-] his heart [-] the doer of sin must not [-]</p></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Marduk#Marduk_Prophecy" title="Marduk"><i>Marduk Prophecy</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <i>vaticinium ex eventu</i> (prophecy after the fact) composition of perhaps the <a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_I" title="Nebuchadnezzar I">Nabu-kudurri-uṣur I</a>-(<a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_I" title="Nebuchadnezzar I">Nebuchadnezzar I</a>) reign, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1125 BC</span> to 1103 BC, describes the dire consequences of the departure of the statue of Marduk, on the city of Babylon, where: “mad dogs roam the city biting citizens, friend attacks friend, the rich beg from the poor, brother eats brother, and the corpses block the city gates.”<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inscriptions">Inscriptions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlil-nadin-ahi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Inscriptions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-kudurru-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kudurru_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kudurru_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kudurru BM 113891 in the British Museum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Kinglist A</i>, BM 33332, column 2, line 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tablet Museum reference, IM 85538, excavation reference U 7789i, “Issues of Grain.”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tablets VAT 13230 and VAT 21995, although the latter lacks the last element of the name.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tablet K. 2660, pseudo-autobiography of Nabû-kudurrī-uṣur.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tablet BM 32656, column 3, lines 13 to 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i>Marduk Prophecy</i> (Prophecy D, tablet K. 2158+.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlil-nadin-ahi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Written contemporarily as <sup>d</sup>EN.LÍL-MU-ŠEŠ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">CAD a, aḫu, p. 195.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">CAD s3, šumu, p. 295.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlil-nadin-ahi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-brinkman-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brinkman_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output 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Eisenbrauns. pp. 270–280.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Four+Temple+Rituals+from+Babylon%3A+2.+Simanu&rft.btitle=Wisdom%2C+Gods+and+literature%3A+studies+in+Assyriology+in+honour+of+W.G.+Lambert&rft.pages=270-280&rft.pub=Eisenbrauns&rft.date=2000&rft.au=A.+R.+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnlil-nadin-ahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHindel,_Ronald1994" class="citation journal cs1">Hindel, Ronald (1994). "Finding Historical Memories in the Patriarchal Narratives". <i>Biblical Archaeology Review</i>. <b>21</b> (4): 52–59, 70–72.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biblical+Archaeology+Review&rft.atitle=Finding+Historical+Memories+in+the+Patriarchal+Narratives&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=52-59%2C+70-72&rft.date=1994&rft.au=Hindel%2C+Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnlil-nadin-ahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFK._A._Kitchen2003" class="citation book cs1">K. A. Kitchen (2003). <i>On the reliability of the Old Testament</i>. Wm. B. Eerdmans. p. 569.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+the+reliability+of+the+Old+Testament&rft.pages=569&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans&rft.date=2003&rft.au=K.+A.+Kitchen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnlil-nadin-ahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gertoux, Gerard (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/15710900/Abraham_and_Chedorlaomer_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence"><i>Abraham and Chedorlaomer: Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence</i></a>. Lulu.com. pp. 27-28. ISBN 978-1329553538.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinches,_Theophilus1908" class="citation book cs1">Pinches, Theophilus (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924005788256"><i>The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia</i></a> (third ed.). London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Old+Testament+In+the+Light+of+The+Historical+Records+and+Legends+of+Assyria+and+Babylonia&rft.place=London&rft.edition=third&rft.pub=Society+for+Promoting+Christian+Knowledge&rft.date=1908&rft.au=Pinches%2C+Theophilus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcu31924005788256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnlil-nadin-ahi" class="Z3988"></span> pp. 223-233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Neujahr2006" class="citation book cs1">Matthew Neujahr (2006). "Royal Ideology and Utopian Futures in the Akkadian Ex Eventu Prophecies". In Ehud Ben Zvi (ed.). <i>Utopia and Dystopia in Prophetic Literature</i>. Helsinki: The Finnish Exegetical Society, University of Helsinki. pp. 41–54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Royal+Ideology+and+Utopian+Futures+in+the+Akkadian+Ex+Eventu+Prophecies&rft.btitle=Utopia+and+Dystopia+in+Prophetic+Literature&rft.place=Helsinki&rft.pages=41-54&rft.pub=The+Finnish+Exegetical+Society%2C+University+of+Helsinki&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Matthew+Neujahr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnlil-nadin-ahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kings_of_Babylon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Babylonian_kings" title="Template:Babylonian kings"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Babylonian_kings" title="Template talk:Babylonian kings"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Babylonian_kings" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Babylonian kings"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kings_of_Babylon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Kings of Babylon</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Babylon" title="List of kings of Babylon">List of kings of Babylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkadian_royal_titulary" title="Akkadian royal titulary">Royal titles</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Kings  <span class="nobold">(<i>foreign ruler</i></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><u>vassal king</u></span></li><li><span class="nobold">female<sup>♀</sup>)</span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Babylonian_Empire" title="Old Babylonian Empire">Old Babylonian Empire</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1894–1595 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Amorite_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Amorite dynasty">I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sumu-abum" title="Sumu-abum">Sumu-abum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumu-la-El" title="Sumu-la-El">Sumu-la-El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabium" title="Sabium">Sabium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apil-Sin" title="Apil-Sin">Apil-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin-Muballit" title="Sin-Muballit">Sin-Muballit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammurabi" title="Hammurabi">Hammurabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsu-iluna" title="Samsu-iluna">Samsu-iluna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abi-Eshuh" title="Abi-Eshuh">Abi-Eshuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammi-Ditana" title="Ammi-Ditana">Ammi-Ditana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammi-Saduqa" title="Ammi-Saduqa">Ammi-Saduqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsu-Ditana" title="Samsu-Ditana">Samsu-Ditana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/First_Sealand_dynasty" title="First Sealand dynasty">II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilum-ma-ili" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilum-ma-ili">Ilum-ma-ili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itti-ili-nibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Itti-ili-nibi">Itti-ili-nibi</a></li> <li>Unknown king (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damqi-ilishu" class="mw-redirect" title="Damqi-ilishu">Damqi-ilishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishkibal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishkibal">Ishkibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shushushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shushushi">Shushushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulkishar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulkishar">Gulkishar</a></li> <li><sup>m</sup>DIŠ+U-EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshgaldaramesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Peshgaldaramesh">Peshgaldaramesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayadaragalama" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayadaragalama">Ayadaragalama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akurduana" class="mw-redirect" title="Akurduana">Akurduana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melamkurkurra" class="mw-redirect" title="Melamkurkurra">Melamkurkurra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ea-gamil" class="mw-redirect" title="Ea-gamil">Ea-gamil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Kassites" title="Kassites">Kassite period</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1729–1157 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="III" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kassite_dynasty" title="Kassite dynasty">III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gandash" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandash">Gandash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agum_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Agum I">Agum I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtiliash_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashtiliash I">Kashtiliash I</a></li> <li>Unknown king</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abi-Rattash" class="mw-redirect" title="Abi-Rattash">Abi-Rattash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtiliash_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashtiliash II">Kashtiliash II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urzigurumash" class="mw-redirect" title="Urzigurumash">Urzigurumash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agum_II" title="Agum II">Agum II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harba-Shipak" class="mw-redirect" title="Harba-Shipak">Harba-Shipak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipta%27ulzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shipta'ulzi">Shipta'ulzi</a></li> <li>Unknown king</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnaburiash_I" title="Burnaburiash I">Burnaburiash I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulamburiash" title="Ulamburiash">Ulamburiash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtiliash_III" title="Kashtiliash III">Kashtiliash III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agum_III" title="Agum III">Agum III</a></li> <li>Kadashman-Sah</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaindash" title="Karaindash">Karaindash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadashman-Harbe_I" title="Kadashman-Harbe I">Kadashman-Harbe I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurigalzu_I" title="Kurigalzu I">Kurigalzu I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadashman-Enlil_I" title="Kadashman-Enlil I">Kadashman-Enlil I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burna-Buriash_II" title="Burna-Buriash II">Burna-Buriash II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara-hardash" title="Kara-hardash">Kara-hardash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi-Bugash" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi-Bugash">Nazi-Bugash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurigalzu_II" title="Kurigalzu II">Kurigalzu II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi-Maruttash" title="Nazi-Maruttash">Nazi-Maruttash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadashman-Turgu" title="Kadashman-Turgu">Kadashman-Turgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadashman-Enlil_II" title="Kadashman-Enlil II">Kadashman-Enlil II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudur-Enlil" title="Kudur-Enlil">Kudur-Enlil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shagarakti-Shuriash" title="Shagarakti-Shuriash">Shagarakti-Shuriash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtiliash_IV" title="Kashtiliash IV">Kashtiliash IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil-nadin-shumi" title="Enlil-nadin-shumi">Enlil-nadin-shumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadashman-Harbe_II" title="Kadashman-Harbe II">Kadashman-Harbe II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-shuma-iddina" title="Adad-shuma-iddina">Adad-shuma-iddina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-shuma-usur" title="Adad-shuma-usur">Adad-shuma-usur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meli-Shipak_II" title="Meli-Shipak II">Meli-Shipak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-apla-iddina_I" title="Marduk-apla-iddina I">Marduk-apla-iddina I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zababa-shuma-iddin" title="Zababa-shuma-iddin">Zababa-shuma-iddin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Enlil-nadin-ahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Babylonian_period" title="Middle Babylonian period">Middle Babylonian period</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1157–732 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Dynasty_of_Isin" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Dynasty of Isin">IV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-kabit-ahheshu" title="Marduk-kabit-ahheshu">Marduk-kabit-ahheshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itti-Marduk-balatu_(king)" title="Itti-Marduk-balatu (king)">Itti-Marduk-balatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninurta-nadin-shumi" title="Ninurta-nadin-shumi">Ninurta-nadin-shumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_I" title="Nebuchadnezzar I">Nebuchadnezzar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil-nadin-apli" title="Enlil-nadin-apli">Enlil-nadin-apli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-nadin-ahhe" title="Marduk-nadin-ahhe">Marduk-nadin-ahhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-shapik-zeri" title="Marduk-shapik-zeri">Marduk-shapik-zeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-apla-iddina" title="Adad-apla-iddina">Adad-apla-iddina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-ahhe-eriba" title="Marduk-ahhe-eriba">Marduk-ahhe-eriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-zer-X" title="Marduk-zer-X">Marduk-zer-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-shum-libur" title="Nabu-shum-libur">Nabu-shum-libur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Sealand_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Sealand dynasty">V</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simbar-shipak" title="Simbar-shipak">Simbar-shipak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ea-mukin-zeri" title="Ea-mukin-zeri">Ea-mukin-zeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashshu-nadin-ahi" title="Kashshu-nadin-ahi">Kashshu-nadin-ahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Bazi_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Bazi dynasty">VI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eulmash-shakin-shumi" title="Eulmash-shakin-shumi">Eulmash-shakin-shumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninurta-kudurri-usur_I" title="Ninurta-kudurri-usur I">Ninurta-kudurri-usur I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirikti-shuqamuna" title="Shirikti-shuqamuna">Shirikti-shuqamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Elamite_dynasty" title="Elamite dynasty">VII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mar-biti-apla-usur" title="Mar-biti-apla-usur">Mar-biti-apla-usur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty_of_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynasty of E">VIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nab%C3%BB-mukin-apli" title="Nabû-mukin-apli">Nabû-mukin-apli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninurta-kudurri-usur_II" title="Ninurta-kudurri-usur II">Ninurta-kudurri-usur II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina" title="Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina">Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamash-mudammiq" title="Shamash-mudammiq">Shamash-mudammiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-shuma-ukin_I" title="Nabu-shuma-ukin I">Nabu-shuma-ukin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-apla-iddina" title="Nabu-apla-iddina">Nabu-apla-iddina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-zakir-shumi_I" title="Marduk-zakir-shumi I">Marduk-zakir-shumi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-balassu-iqbi" title="Marduk-balassu-iqbi">Marduk-balassu-iqbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba-aha-iddina" title="Baba-aha-iddina">Baba-aha-iddina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninurta-apla-X" title="Ninurta-apla-X">Ninurta-apla-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-bel-zeri" title="Marduk-bel-zeri">Marduk-bel-zeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-apla-usur" title="Marduk-apla-usur">Marduk-apla-usur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eriba-Marduk" title="Eriba-Marduk">Eriba-Marduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-shuma-ishkun" title="Nabu-shuma-ishkun">Nabu-shuma-ishkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabonassar" title="Nabonassar">Nabonassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-nadin-zeri" title="Nabu-nadin-zeri">Nabu-nadin-zeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-suma-ukin_II" title="Nabu-suma-ukin II">Nabu-suma-ukin II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian period</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(732–626 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="IX" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_dynasty_of_Babylon" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian dynasty of Babylon">IX</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabu-mukin-zeri" title="Nabu-mukin-zeri">Nabu-mukin-zeri</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiglath-Pileser_III" title="Tiglath-Pileser III">Tiglath-Pileser III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_V" title="Shalmaneser V">Shalmaneser V</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-apla-iddina_II" title="Marduk-apla-iddina II">Marduk-apla-iddina II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sargon_II" title="Sargon II">Sargon II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-zakir-shumi_II" title="Marduk-zakir-shumi II">Marduk-zakir-shumi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marduk-apla-iddina_II" title="Marduk-apla-iddina II">Marduk-apla-iddina II</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Bel-ibni" title="Bel-ibni">Bel-ibni</a></u></li> <li><u><i><a href="/wiki/A%C5%A1%C5%A1ur-n%C4%81din-%C5%A1umi" title="Aššur-nādin-šumi">Aššur-nādin-šumi</a></i></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nergal-ushezib" title="Nergal-ushezib">Nergal-ushezib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushezib-Marduk" title="Mushezib-Marduk">Mushezib-Marduk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Esarhaddon" title="Esarhaddon">Esarhaddon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ashurbanipal" title="Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a></i></li> <li><u><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ama%C5%A1-%C5%A1uma-ukin" title="Šamaš-šuma-ukin">Šamaš-šuma-ukin</a></i></u></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ashurbanipal" title="Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a></i></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Kandalanu" title="Kandalanu">Kandalanu</a></u></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%AEn-%C5%A1umu-l%C4%AB%C5%A1ir" title="Sîn-šumu-līšir">Sîn-šumu-līšir</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sinsharishkun" title="Sinsharishkun">Sinsharishkun</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Neo-Babylonian_Empire" title="Neo-Babylonian Empire">Neo-Babylonian Empire</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(626–539 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="X" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_dynasty" title="Chaldean dynasty">X</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:1.0em 0.2em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabopolassar" title="Nabopolassar">Nabopolassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amel-Marduk" title="Amel-Marduk">Amel-Marduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neriglissar" title="Neriglissar">Neriglissar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labashi-Marduk" title="Labashi-Marduk">Labashi-Marduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabonidus" title="Nabonidus">Nabonidus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Babylon_under_foreign_rule_(539_BC_–_AD_224)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><small>Babylon under foreign rule (539 BC – AD 224)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian period</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(539–331 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="XI" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_dynasty" title="Achaemenid dynasty">XI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bardiya" title="Bardiya">Bardiya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_III" title="Nebuchadnezzar III">Nebuchadnezzar III</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I">Darius I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_IV" title="Nebuchadnezzar IV">Nebuchadnezzar IV</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamash-eriba" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamash-eriba">Shamash-eriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel-shimanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Bel-shimanni">Bel-shimanni</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I" title="Artaxerxes I">Artaxerxes I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_II" title="Xerxes II">Xerxes II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sogdianus" title="Sogdianus">Sogdianus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darius_II" title="Darius II">Darius II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_II" title="Artaxerxes II">Artaxerxes II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_III" title="Artaxerxes III">Artaxerxes III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arses_of_Persia" title="Arses of Persia">Artaxerxes IV</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nidin-Bel" title="Nidin-Bel">Nidin-Bel</a> (?)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III">Darius III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(331–141 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty" title="Argead dynasty">XII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Macedon" title="Philip III of Macedon">Philip III Arrhidaeus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_IV_of_Macedon" title="Alexander IV of Macedon">Alexander IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antigonus_I_Monophthalmus" title="Antigonus I Monophthalmus">Antigonus I Monophthalmus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_dynasty" title="Seleucid dynasty">XIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Seleucus_I_Nicator" title="Seleucus I Nicator">Seleucus I Nicator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_I_Soter" title="Antiochus I Soter">Antiochus I Soter</a></i></li> <li><i>Seleucus</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_II_Theos" title="Antiochus II Theos">Antiochus II Theos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seleucus_II_Callinicus" title="Seleucus II Callinicus">Seleucus II Callinicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seleucus_III_Ceraunus" title="Seleucus III Ceraunus">Seleucus III Ceraunus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_III_the_Great" title="Antiochus III the Great">Antiochus III Megas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_(son_of_Antiochus_III_the_Great)" title="Antiochus (son of Antiochus III the Great)">Antiochus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seleucus_IV_Philopator" title="Seleucus IV Philopator">Seleucus IV Philopator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_IV_Epiphanes" title="Antiochus IV Epiphanes">Antiochus IV Epiphanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_(son_of_Seleucus_IV)" title="Antiochus (son of Seleucus IV)">Antiochus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_V_Eupator" title="Antiochus V Eupator">Antiochus V Eupator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_I_Soter" title="Demetrius I Soter">Demetrius I Soter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Timarchus" title="Timarchus">Timarchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_I_Soter" title="Demetrius I Soter">Demetrius I Soter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Balas" title="Alexander Balas">Alexander Balas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_II_Nicator" title="Demetrius II Nicator">Demetrius II Nicator</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13em"><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian period</a><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(141 BC – AD 224)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="XIV" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Arsacid_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsacid dynasty">XIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mithridates_I_of_Parthia" title="Mithridates I of Parthia">Mithridates I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phraates_II" title="Phraates II">Phraates II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rinnu" title="Rinnu">Rinnu</a></i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_VII_Sidetes" title="Antiochus VII Sidetes">Antiochus VII Sidetes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phraates_II" title="Phraates II">Phraates II</a></i></li> <li><i>Ubulna</i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyspaosines" title="Hyspaosines">Hyspaosines</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artabanus_I_of_Parthia" title="Artabanus I of Parthia">Artabanus I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mithridates_II_of_Parthia" title="Mithridates II of Parthia">Mithridates II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gotarzes_I" title="Gotarzes I">Gotarzes I</a></i></li> <li><i>Asi'abatar</i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orodes_I_of_Parthia" title="Orodes I of Parthia">Orodes I</a></i></li> <li><i>Ispubarza</i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sinatruces_of_Parthia" title="Sinatruces of Parthia">Sinatruces</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phraates_III" title="Phraates III">Phraates III</a></i></li> <li><i>Piriustana</i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i>Teleuniqe</i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orodes_II" title="Orodes II">Orodes II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phraates_IV" title="Phraates IV">Phraates IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phraates_V" title="Phraates V">Phraates V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orodes_III_of_Parthia" title="Orodes III of Parthia">Orodes III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vonones_I" title="Vonones I">Vonones I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artabanus_II_of_Parthia" title="Artabanus II of Parthia">Artabanus II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vardanes_I" title="Vardanes I">Vardanes I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gotarzes_II" title="Gotarzes II">Gotarzes II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vonones_II" title="Vonones II">Vonones II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vologases_I_of_Parthia" title="Vologases I of Parthia">Vologases I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pacorus_II" title="Pacorus II">Pacorus II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artabanus_III_of_Parthia" title="Artabanus III of Parthia">Artabanus III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Osroes_I" title="Osroes I">Osroes I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vologases_III_of_Parthia" title="Vologases III of Parthia">Vologases III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parthamaspates_of_Parthia" title="Parthamaspates of Parthia">Parthamaspates</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vologases_IV" title="Vologases IV">Vologases IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vologases_V" title="Vologases V">Vologases V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vologases_VI" title="Vologases VI">Vologases VI</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artabanus_IV_of_Parthia" title="Artabanus IV of Parthia">Artabanus IV</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img 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