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Far from the urban glitz, these pure hearted creatures are the man of the movement. They won't worry about their future. That phrase of Charbak, \"Jabet Jibet Sukhim Bhabet, Rinam Kruttwa Ghruttam Pibet''-still survives in their civilization. Primitive tribes like Bonda, Didayi and comparatively mainstream communities like Bhumia, Koya, Kandha, Paraja, Gadaba and all most all the 62 types tribes with small population are found in Malkangiri and Undivided Koraput districts. In this paper there is a humble attempt to discuss about the participation of Malkangiri in Freedom movement of India and various rebellions associated with this district.","publication_date":"2022,8,16","publication_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"117242634"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"low","language":"en","title":"Contribution of Tribal Leaders of Malkangiri in Freedom Movement of India","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [83637152]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" 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data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/122609237/Contribution_of_Tribal_Leaders_of_Malkangiri_in_Freedom_Movement_of_India" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="93793730" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/93793730/The_Freedom_Movements_led_by_Tribal_Leaders_In_the_North_East_Region_of_India">The Freedom Movements led by Tribal Leaders : In the North-East Region of India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="226468702" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JayendraNarain">Jayendra Narain</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Swadeshi Research Foundation , 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The unseen, unheard and untold incidences of the struggles for an Indian freedom movement. It was one of the biggest mass participating movements in the era of modern society. The role of the main stream masses was prominently spoken by everyone. The sacrifices of the countryside people were less known to the people of the mainland India such as peasants, tribals movements and revolts. During these freedom movements, various sections of Indian society participated to liberate the country from foreign rule. In this struggle, many unknown people sacrifice their lives to free the nation, this motivates others to fight for independence from the British rule and their atrocities. In the freedom movement, generally, we know big leaders who lead these movements in the mainstream but we rarely remember the names of the regional or tribal freedom fighters. But this paper focuses on the 'from the below' people or the marginalized group who fought against the Britishers to attain freedom, such as peasants, workers, tribal communities, etc. This paper focuses on the freedom leaders and fighters of the far northeast regions, which are not mentioned in mainstream textbooks.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Freedom Movements led by Tribal Leaders : In the North-East Region of India","attachmentId":96433232,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93793730/The_Freedom_Movements_led_by_Tribal_Leaders_In_the_North_East_Region_of_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/93793730/The_Freedom_Movements_led_by_Tribal_Leaders_In_the_North_East_Region_of_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="34730972" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34730972/Changing_Nature_of_Tribal_Movements_in_Ranchi_District_India_1830_1925">Changing Nature of Tribal Movements in Ranchi District, India: 1830-1925</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3252260" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SunnyRuchiEcka">Dr Sunny Ruchi Ecka</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The International Journal Of Humanities & Social Studies (ISSN 2321 - 9203), 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ranchi district the core of Chotanagpur witnessed the saga of tribal movements from 1830-1925. In these socio-political uprisings, Oraon and Munda, the two major tribal communities of Ranchi district played a pivotal role. By taking the case of Oraon and Munda, the paper will highlight the transition of tribal movements from pro-colonial to anti-colonial. Alongside, the paper will try to bring out the heterogeneous character of the tribal movements by reflecting on the multiple layers of movements.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Changing Nature of Tribal Movements in Ranchi District, India: 1830-1925","attachmentId":54587793,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34730972/Changing_Nature_of_Tribal_Movements_in_Ranchi_District_India_1830_1925","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34730972/Changing_Nature_of_Tribal_Movements_in_Ranchi_District_India_1830_1925"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="37809728" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37809728/Tribal_Movement_in_India">Tribal Movement in India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="97652910" href="https://du-in.academia.edu/NitishYadav">Nitish Yadav</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">After independence, various efforts have been made to improve the socio economic conditions of the tribals and to sustain the constitutional safeguard given to them. The Central and State Governments have made endless efforts in the direction of tribal welfare and development. Special programmes for their development have been undertaken in the successive Five Year Plans. The aim was to bring them on par with other developed sections of the society. But the results are not encouraging as in all cases with an introduction of development plans, some societies have found themselves disintegrated. The establishment of heavy industries, construction of dams and launching of development plans in tribal zones has necessitated displacement of local population. Thousands of tribal families were displaced from their traditional habitats. Destruction of forests as a consequence of felling of trees for industrial purposes has threatened the small communities of hunters and food-gathers. Those who could take advantage of new economic and educational frontiers were able to better their lot, while a large section of the tribals were not adequately prepared to deal with new challenges and were gradually depressed into poorer sections of the society. Against economic and social disparities, they have raised a collective voice. The tribals especially in central India had reacted against their exploiters. These movements by tribals were directed towards freeing their land from all those who exploited them economically and culturally. At the same time, each of these movements put emphasis on revitalization of their traditional culture which was swayed under the impact of the outsiders. Unfortunately, even after fifty years of independence, tribals have benefited least from the advent-of freedom. Although independence has brought widespread gains for the vast majority of the Indian population, Dalits and Adivasis have often been left out and new problems have arisen for the tribal population. After independence, tribal movements may be classified into three groups (i) movements due to exploitation of outsider's; (ii) movements due to economic deprivation; and (iii) movements due to separatist tendencies. Reformative movement was found among the Mundas under powerful leadership of Dharli Aba, who preached Hindu ideals of ritual purity, asceticism and criticized the worship of priests. The Naga revolution began in 1948 and continued up to 1972 when the new elected Government came to power and the Naga insurgency was controlled. The Naxalite movement of the tribals in Bihar, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh; the agrarian movements of the Gonds and Bhils in Madhya Pradesh and the forest based movements of Gonds were mainly launched for liberation from oppression and</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Tribal Movement in India","attachmentId":57808499,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37809728/Tribal_Movement_in_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37809728/Tribal_Movement_in_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="46559158" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46559158/Tribal_Plight_and_Subaltern_Resistance_in_Selected_Writings_of_Mahasweta_Devi">Tribal Plight and Subaltern Resistance in Selected Writings of Mahasweta Devi</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51059987" href="https://pondiuni-anthropology.academia.edu/ArindamSaha">Arindam Saha</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal Article, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Power, resistance, and justice are always embedded in a tangled relationship in societal structure. This relationship is carried out by different groups of organizations, or peoples' movements. This paper would study this convoluted connection in tribal domain presented through Mahasweta Devi's Draupadi and Chotti Munda and His Arrow translated by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Her narrative shows how the "criminalization of power" forces the indigenous people with no other option than 'violent protests' to regain their basic rights. She prefers to call the characters of her stories 'tribal' as they fit to the Indian context. Protagonists namely Chotti Munda in Chotti Munda and His Arrow and Dopti Mejhen in Draupadi are figures of 'continuing struggle'. They are the symbols of "tribal aspiration". She focuses on how in the name of 'land and labour' these tribal people are being displaced from their basic rights like food, shelter, etc. Sometimes they are tagged Maoists or otherwise Naxalites. The power-play of the state machinery pushes them to the periphery. It converts them into 'other', makes them 'marginalized'. This process of 'othering' the tribal (in the Indian context) or Indigenous/Aboriginal people (in the global context) brings forth the haunting question i.e. where do these people stand on the mainstream map? How justifiable is their way of struggle in civil society? This paper will investigate these questions and try to locate their existence in post-civil society.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Tribal Plight and Subaltern Resistance in Selected Writings of Mahasweta Devi","attachmentId":66234660,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/46559158/Tribal_Plight_and_Subaltern_Resistance_in_Selected_Writings_of_Mahasweta_Devi","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/46559158/Tribal_Plight_and_Subaltern_Resistance_in_Selected_Writings_of_Mahasweta_Devi"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="49032535" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49032535/THE_ROLE_OF_MALDA_JATIYO_SHIKSHA_SAMITI_A_JOURNEY_TO_THE_PATH_OF_MODERNITY">THE ROLE OF MALDA JATIYO SHIKSHA SAMITI: A JOURNEY TO THE PATH OF MODERNITY</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28458338" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RitabrataGoswami">Dr. Ritabrata Goswami</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE ROLE OF MALDA JATIYO SHIKSHA SAMITI: A JOURNEY TO THE PATH OF MODERNITY","attachmentId":67416261,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49032535/THE_ROLE_OF_MALDA_JATIYO_SHIKSHA_SAMITI_A_JOURNEY_TO_THE_PATH_OF_MODERNITY","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49032535/THE_ROLE_OF_MALDA_JATIYO_SHIKSHA_SAMITI_A_JOURNEY_TO_THE_PATH_OF_MODERNITY"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="37063152" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37063152/Round_Table_India_Ambedkarite_Movement_in_Kalahandi_Odisha_Some_Reflections_pdf">Round Table India - Ambedkarite Movement in Kalahandi, Odisha_ Some Reflections.pdf</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="87075698" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DeepBansidhar">Bansidhar Deep</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Round Table India - Ambedkarite Movement in Kalahandi, Odisha_ Some Reflections.pdf","attachmentId":57013963,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37063152/Round_Table_India_Ambedkarite_Movement_in_Kalahandi_Odisha_Some_Reflections_pdf","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37063152/Round_Table_India_Ambedkarite_Movement_in_Kalahandi_Odisha_Some_Reflections_pdf"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="109184499" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109184499/2_From_Millenarianism_to_Jharkhand_The_Changing_Nature_of_Social_Movements_in_Tribal_Chotanagpur">2. From Millenarianism to Jharkhand: The Changing Nature of Social Movements in Tribal Chotanagpur</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1868859" href="https://uohyd.academia.edu/KamalMisra">Kamal Misra</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">African and Asian Studies, 1986</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"2. From Millenarianism to Jharkhand: The Changing Nature of Social Movements in Tribal Chotanagpur","attachmentId":107384586,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109184499/2_From_Millenarianism_to_Jharkhand_The_Changing_Nature_of_Social_Movements_in_Tribal_Chotanagpur","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109184499/2_From_Millenarianism_to_Jharkhand_The_Changing_Nature_of_Social_Movements_in_Tribal_Chotanagpur"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="23191710" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23191710/TRIBES_OF_CENTRAL_INDIA">TRIBES OF CENTRAL INDIA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="872145" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrManojKumarNag">Dr.Manoj Kumar Nag</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"TRIBES OF CENTRAL INDIA","attachmentId":43680461,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23191710/TRIBES_OF_CENTRAL_INDIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23191710/TRIBES_OF_CENTRAL_INDIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="101868612" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101868612/Genesis_Historicity_and_Persistence_of_Dalit_Protest_Literature_and_Movements_in_Odisha">Genesis, Historicity and Persistence of Dalit Protest Literature and Movements in Odisha</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4737878" href="https://vidyasagar.academia.edu/surathamalik">Suratha K U M A R Malik</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Contemporary Voice of Dalit (SAGE), 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Even after seven decades of India's independence, the status of the Dalits remain unchanged where caste system, along with the practice of untouchability, remains a universal phenomenon of rural India, and the state of Odisha is not an exception. Among various issues that the Dalits in the state are facing, the greatest problem is that they are not allowed to worship inside some of the temples even today, by the upper caste Hindus. Against this flagitious practice, voices from the marginalized concerned have been raised time and again. However, like other states, the state of Odisha has not witnessed a strong all-Odisha Dalit movement either in colonial or in postcolonial period. But this does not mean that Dalits in the state are silently tolerating all caste oppressions and are not conscious; rather, they have protested against the dominant castes from time to time. There are different phases of Dalit protest literature and movements in the state from precolonial period to the present day. The state has witnessed some small, sporadic and scattered Dalit movements, and protest literature against the caste system and untouchability in the past, but these remained limited within the form of literature and religion due to various reasons. In this juncture, an endeavour has been made in this article to articulate and unify these small sporadic Dalit movements and protest literatures into a theoretical account by building coherency and continuity in its nature and spirit.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genesis, Historicity and Persistence of Dalit Protest Literature and Movements in Odisha","attachmentId":102289900,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101868612/Genesis_Historicity_and_Persistence_of_Dalit_Protest_Literature_and_Movements_in_Odisha","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101868612/Genesis_Historicity_and_Persistence_of_Dalit_Protest_Literature_and_Movements_in_Odisha"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="96718626" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96718626/A_Special_Contribution_of_Mass_Movement_in_Malda_a_District_of_Colonial_Bengal_during_1905_1947_A_Study_of_Regional_Politics">A Special Contribution of Mass Movement in Malda, a District of Colonial Bengal during 1905-1947: A Study of Regional Politics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="220834205" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JagdipChowhan">Dr.JAGDIP K U M A R CHOWHAN</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">JHSR Journal of Historical Studies and Research ISSN: 2583-0198 Open Access, Peer-reviewed, Refereed Journal Volume 2, Number 2 (May - August ,2022),PP.265-273., 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Malda has a long history of mass movement. There was a strong centre of the anti-Indigo movement. Morad Biswas, Suhas Biswas, Ratan Mandal and Lalchand Saha led the organizers of the antiindigo raiyats movement in Malda. The Wahhabi and Faraizi movements spread in Northern part of Bengal after the indigo movement. Malda became a strong centre of the Wahhabi movement. By 1872, the tide of the Wahhabi movement in Malda had receded. The Sannyasi and Fakir Movement, Wahabi and Faraizi movements and the Indigo movement have all impacted on local society in Malda since the late eighteenth century and the whole of the nineteenth. The Swadeshi movement in 1905 and national education were a strong politically conscious part of the protest movement in Malda. The Khadi cloth and the Satyagraha movement were more popular activities for the local people of Malda. In 1932, Communist activists became strong in the rural part of Malda.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Special Contribution of Mass Movement in Malda, a District of\r\nColonial Bengal during 1905-1947:\r\nA Study of Regional Politics","attachmentId":98539073,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96718626/A_Special_Contribution_of_Mass_Movement_in_Malda_a_District_of_Colonial_Bengal_during_1905_1947_A_Study_of_Regional_Politics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/96718626/A_Special_Contribution_of_Mass_Movement_in_Malda_a_District_of_Colonial_Bengal_during_1905_1947_A_Study_of_Regional_Politics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":117242634,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":117242634,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_117242634" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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