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He has a rich and diversified experience of teaching English at different levels and at various places like Army Burn Hall College, Abbotabad, Government Gordon College, Rawalpindi, and National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad. He has also worked as Assistant Professor at Islamabad Model College for Boys, H-9 Islamabad. His research interests include Psycholinguistics, Applied Linguistics, TESOL and issues related to Action Research in ELT (EFL and ESL) domain. <br />Email: rajasaboor@hotmail.com<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://umsl.academia.edu/JosephCarroll"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Joseph Carroll" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2277/1069/3829287/s200_joseph.carroll.jpg" /></a></div><div 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class="left-most js-UserInfo-social-cv" data-broccoli-component="user-info.cv-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-cv" data-cv-filename="Dr_Sabboor_CV.pdf" data-placement="top" data-toggle="tooltip" href="/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain/CurriculumVitae"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--small" style="font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: 0.8px"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">CV</span></button></li><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="122706789"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/122706789/Social_Media_Influence_on_Pakistani_Youth_s_Linguistic_Expressions_A_Predictive_Study_of_Resultant_Changes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Social Media Influence on Pakistani Youth’s Linguistic Expressions: A Predictive Study of Resultant Changes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117318281/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/122706789/Social_Media_Influence_on_Pakistani_Youth_s_Linguistic_Expressions_A_Predictive_Study_of_Resultant_Changes">Social Media Influence on Pakistani Youth’s Linguistic Expressions: A Predictive Study of Resultant Changes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Education and Social Studies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. Among many other impacts on the users, the language choices, and expressions, mostly preferred by youth, are manipulated and affected by such online platforms. With this in view, this research seeks to understand how social media has transformed the language expressions of young Pakistanis. It also focuses on the possible resultant changes in linguistic choices made by youth after being influenced by social media. Data was collected through previous papers to discover the research gaps, and an online survey/questionnaire was administered to fulfil this study&#39;s goal. Fifty participants were randomly selected from five educational institutions in Sialkot, Pakistan (Govt. College Women University, NISA College, University of Management and Technology, University of Central Punjab, and Govt. Murray Graduate College). The data was critically, qualitatively, and quantitatively evaluated and...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="88539f4d98fdf327143713a4f384be73" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117318281,"asset_id":122706789,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117318281/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122706789"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122706789"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706789; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706789]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706789]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706789; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122706789']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122706789, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "88539f4d98fdf327143713a4f384be73" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122706789]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122706789,"title":"Social Media Influence on Pakistani Youth’s Linguistic Expressions: A Predictive Study of Resultant Changes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. 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The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk&#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122706788"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122706788"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706788; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706788]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706788]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706788; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122706788']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122706788, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122706788]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122706788,"title":"Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christian son electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. 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It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/122706788/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-08-08T22:41:12.433-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christian son electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. 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This study is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered through the convenience sampling technique by using a questionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of four universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two from private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by measuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and individual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the participants' views. The findings revealed that social media stimulates language learning interest among English language learners. As well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the ESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for motivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and consequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a0ea6bb9c20cfdda6efec8107acd7b42" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117318282,"asset_id":122706765,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117318282/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122706765"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122706765"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706765; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706765]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706765]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706765; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122706765']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122706765, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a0ea6bb9c20cfdda6efec8107acd7b42" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122706765]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122706765,"title":"An Investigation of ESL Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Developmen","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Fatima Gohar Educational and Welfare Society","ai_title_tag":"ESL Students’ Views on Social Media for Vocabulary Growth","grobid_abstract":"This study examines the influence of social media on English vocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL students in public and private institutions in Pakistan. 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It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92952532"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92952532"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92952532; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92952532]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92952532]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92952532; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92952532']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92952532, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92952532]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92952532,"title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper traces the impact of Translation Method and the Direct Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.","publisher":"Humanity Only - HO","publication_name":"Global Language Review"},"translated_abstract":"This paper traces the impact of Translation Method and the Direct Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. 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The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92952532/Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-15T05:03:09.412-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This paper traces the impact of Translation Method and the Direct Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education"},{"id":48934,"name":"GLOBAL LANGUAGE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GLOBAL_LANGUAGE"},{"id":95162,"name":"Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammar"},{"id":126788,"name":"English Language Teaching (ELT)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Language_Teaching_ELT_"},{"id":1763339,"name":"Direct Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direct_Method"},{"id":3975198,"name":"GTM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GTM"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88582358"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88582358/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92528206/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88582358/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis">Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://umt.academia.edu/SeemabJamilGhouri">Seemab Jamil Ghouri</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Global Digital & Print Media Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pak...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population, particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community, which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2ffc9c46449e183474753be7b6f5c543" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92528206,"asset_id":88582358,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92528206/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88582358"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88582358"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88582358; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88582358]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88582358]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88582358; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88582358']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88582358, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2ffc9c46449e183474753be7b6f5c543" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88582358]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88582358,"title":"Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).08","abstract":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pakistan. 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As every religion has particular spiritual dimensions according to its beliefs, the paper seeks to analyze the specific dimensions of spirituality in significant religions. The study's research design is purely qualitative as it uses the textual narrative method to investigate the visions of scholars on the conception of spirituality. The study's major findings reveal that spirituality is not a dormant illustration of religion. Christian scholars tried to link spirituality with society and the Church. Most Buddhist and Hindu scholars believe that religion does not need to gain the true light of spirituality. The Islamic concept of spirituality is likely to stick with religion. Therefore, it is suggested in continuation of the present study that future researchers consider the factors that push persons to become spiritual souls. Moreover, future researchers can also pay attention to the subconscious mind by giving a solid distinction between the sub-consciousness and spirituality of a person.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a9690a220daae807226a6786ae39b763" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527924,"asset_id":88581998,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527924/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581998"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581998"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581998; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581998]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581998]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581998; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581998']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581998, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a9690a220daae807226a6786ae39b763" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581998]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581998,"title":"SPIRITUAL DIMENSIONS IN RELIGION: CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study explores the relationship between spirituality and religion from a critical discourse analysis (CDA) perspective. 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As every religion has particular spiritual dimensions according to its beliefs, the paper seeks to analyze the specific dimensions of spirituality in significant religions. The study's research design is purely qualitative as it uses the textual narrative method to investigate the visions of scholars on the conception of spirituality. The study's major findings reveal that spirituality is not a dormant illustration of religion. Christian scholars tried to link spirituality with society and the Church. Most Buddhist and Hindu scholars believe that religion does not need to gain the true light of spirituality. The Islamic concept of spirituality is likely to stick with religion. Therefore, it is suggested in continuation of the present study that future researchers consider the factors that push persons to become spiritual souls. Moreover, future researchers can also pay attention to the subconscious mind by giving a solid distinction between the sub-consciousness and spirituality of a person.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527924,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527924/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"38_Spirtual_Dimesions_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527924/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"SPIRITUAL_DIMENSIONS_IN_RELIGION_CONFLIC.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527924/38_Spirtual_Dimesions_Y-libre.pdf?1665934233=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSPIRITUAL_DIMENSIONS_IN_RELIGION_CONFLIC.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=a5i17A44DUElKI6Dgr64EQo4GkIWBnVKCkQ3OhZ4Qg2f~CMkEphOck4jYU~yAgCxsUBLKiL7sI2FCNBFoVrCRuWN1zDTj4wgCw0~C-B3hcT9Dr5GJUz4ACloD7zzupEY7sJceCx6MYC26DPtlirzFb0HPzt0B1Dm~vpgBKPsW6cs~rvL5Xn8Hi6bcn6zC8sbETyjvz0W9gTrHuxmipN75Zf6J7MAFB7wqK5BMxaGkhinRMlwWKzGldj1ZtWTBMnnMp2aVPcrHBX7cO~GggBjytim5vYViia3jWop5hBVT7ER1Em6HkdPmH8SyhjY3YY6eqZdxRsP~MNtw9fbzjFvGQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion"},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity"},{"id":113,"name":"Buddhism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Buddhism"},{"id":2906,"name":"Buddhist Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Buddhist_Studies"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies"},{"id":91816,"name":"Spirtuality and Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirtuality_and_Psychology"},{"id":182179,"name":"Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Discourse_Analysis_CDA_"},{"id":267727,"name":"Christian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88581766"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581766/Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527705/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581766/Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan">Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Global Language Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated"> This paper traces the impact of the Grammar Translation Method and the Direct Metho...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper traces the impact of the <br />Grammar Translation Method and the Direct <br />Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. It <br />points out the major emotional and psychological <br />factors related to the medium of instruction in the <br />class. It explores whether L1 use in the class <br />negatively or positively impacts adult English <br />language learners. Since it is a <br />descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been <br />administered to the teachers and students. With the <br />help of statistical data analysis, this research <br />explores the impact of DM/GTM. The study <br />highlights the current situation and gives food for <br />thought to language learners, teachers, <br />administrators, and policymakers to improve <br />English language teaching/learning in Pakistani <br />colleges and universities. The article opens the doors <br />for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="41376325afa90371b78d494438aacfe6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527705,"asset_id":88581766,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527705/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581766"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581766"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581766; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581766]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581766; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581766']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581766, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "41376325afa90371b78d494438aacfe6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581766]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581766,"title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).20","abstract":" This\t paper\t traces\t the\t impact\t of\t the\t\nGrammar\t Translation\t Method\t and\t the\t Direct\t\nMethod\t on\t adult\tlanguage\tlearners\tin\t Pakistan.\t It\t\npoints\t out\tthe\t major\t emotional\t and\t psychological\t\nfactors\trelated\tto\tthe\tmedium\tof\tinstruction\tin\tthe\t\nclass.\t It\t explores\t whether\t L1\t use\t in\t the\t class\t\nnegatively\t or\t positively\t impacts\t adult\t English\t\nlanguage learners.\t Since\t it\t is\t a\t\ndescriptive/quantitative\t study,\t a\t survey\t has\t been\t\nadministered\tto\tthe\tteachers\tand\tstudents.\tWith\tthe\t\nhelp\t of\t statistical\t data\t analysis,\t this\t research\t\nexplores\t the\t impact\t of\t DM/GTM.\t The\t study\t\nhighlights\t the\t current\t situation\t and\t gives\t food\t for\t\nthought\t to\t language\t learners,\t teachers,\t\nadministrators,\t and\t policymakers\t to\t improve\t\nEnglish\t language\t teaching/learning\t in\t Pakistani\t\ncolleges\tand\tuniversities. 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The\tarticle\topens\tthe\tdoors\t\nfor\tfuture\tresearch\ton\tdiverse\taspects\tof\tthe\tissue.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88581766/Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T08:08:10.361-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38926767,"work_id":88581766,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":108553898,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***d@gcwus.edu.pk","affiliation":"GC universty sailkot","display_order":1,"name":"Dr. Aisha Farid","title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan"},{"id":38926768,"work_id":88581766,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":151072230,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Sheeza Akbar Khan","title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92527705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"39_DM_GTM_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527705/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527705/39_DM_GTM_Y-libre.pdf?1665934231=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRole_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=U5tmjTSU6BYQ18ytebnwz2ggJdvXrr396k2sQCM-1hC3L9Im02VUN2RoDmq4UAb866EnfQDVEj5HDzN4m2e9BSTUkuVhzfH4FXs7rESLLvoZjBijAEFqppaa1LlkPZxedSBiCP83MT2leYWMbcXRokrvMYkhNw0VsenC6z8LNf2SHuvo-iyFXnSIy~-1J0ohfSPpAtp1L8tVyKhVyDR4oxSXBH4XL3mMZd6v4FfVUD~lVQWmRup9G9TKbHNlr~OrXN5pZ6y1aL1kxtfNDiF5hLXKiaQuehfHetbihk94MhYxhZcVAdv51wxxkdJQbHdmMHuy3fTO6tlPb2HtKAh1dg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":" This\t paper\t traces\t the\t impact\t of\t the\t\nGrammar\t Translation\t Method\t and\t the\t Direct\t\nMethod\t on\t adult\tlanguage\tlearners\tin\t Pakistan.\t It\t\npoints\t out\tthe\t major\t emotional\t and\t psychological\t\nfactors\trelated\tto\tthe\tmedium\tof\tinstruction\tin\tthe\t\nclass.\t It\t explores\t whether\t L1\t use\t in\t the\t class\t\nnegatively\t or\t positively\t impacts\t adult\t English\t\nlanguage learners.\t Since\t it\t is\t a\t\ndescriptive/quantitative\t study,\t a\t survey\t has\t been\t\nadministered\tto\tthe\tteachers\tand\tstudents.\tWith\tthe\t\nhelp\t of\t statistical\t data\t analysis,\t this\t research\t\nexplores\t the\t impact\t of\t DM/GTM.\t The\t study\t\nhighlights\t the\t current\t situation\t and\t gives\t food\t for\t\nthought\t to\t language\t learners,\t teachers,\t\nadministrators,\t and\t policymakers\t to\t improve\t\nEnglish\t language\t teaching/learning\t in\t Pakistani\t\ncolleges\tand\tuniversities. The\tarticle\topens\tthe\tdoors\t\nfor\tfuture\tresearch\ton\tdiverse\taspects\tof\tthe\tissue.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"39_DM_GTM_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527705/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527705/39_DM_GTM_Y-libre.pdf?1665934231=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRole_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=U5tmjTSU6BYQ18ytebnwz2ggJdvXrr396k2sQCM-1hC3L9Im02VUN2RoDmq4UAb866EnfQDVEj5HDzN4m2e9BSTUkuVhzfH4FXs7rESLLvoZjBijAEFqppaa1LlkPZxedSBiCP83MT2leYWMbcXRokrvMYkhNw0VsenC6z8LNf2SHuvo-iyFXnSIy~-1J0ohfSPpAtp1L8tVyKhVyDR4oxSXBH4XL3mMZd6v4FfVUD~lVQWmRup9G9TKbHNlr~OrXN5pZ6y1aL1kxtfNDiF5hLXKiaQuehfHetbihk94MhYxhZcVAdv51wxxkdJQbHdmMHuy3fTO6tlPb2HtKAh1dg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":126788,"name":"English Language Teaching (ELT)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Language_Teaching_ELT_"},{"id":1763339,"name":"Direct Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direct_Method"},{"id":3975198,"name":"GTM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GTM"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88581553"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581553/Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bilingualism_Impact_of_Mother_Tongue_on_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Learners"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527487/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581553/Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bilingualism_Impact_of_Mother_Tongue_on_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Learners">Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/RaaziaRana">Raazia Kanwal</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition and the relation between bilingualism and second language acquisition. A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. There is a strong relationship between bilingualism and SLA, which must be realized and utilized by the practitioners and stakeholders involved in SLA programs worldwide.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="19b481bf001b5a8668623e49f4b794c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527487,"asset_id":88581553,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527487/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581553"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581553"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581553; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581553]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581553]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581553; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581553']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581553, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "19b481bf001b5a8668623e49f4b794c0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581553]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581553,"title":"Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.36902/rjsser-vol3-iss3-2022(100-111)","abstract":"This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition and the relation between bilingualism and second language acquisition. A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. 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A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. There is a strong relationship between bilingualism and SLA, which must be realized and utilized by the practitioners and stakeholders involved in SLA programs worldwide.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527487,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527487/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"41_MT_Impact_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527487/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bili.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527487/41_MT_Impact_Y-libre.pdf?1665934238=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecond_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bili.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=JBtziNHJfTx3CmasyVm7OSy2P2aAqYoL-T5tELauVZjvtxPIhahF~kwy3-9oslIyg9cl1d5~pkvWgRf3LrMELQlPrg7dycGyR8KXdqFOQQgXCimU6xMo7JzYSodeP5imgMxYl643XFua8UEtkv8Sjaikz4L9aqP8wNTFjLmsQR5EVnFST7lDnVw6MsFpbWLDmZZQQpSDTGqxY0CCzkCkU5qXxvrIsLMpv9umH6GIBwptASeasM5uRwZoM7oy5J4SBIR0NPNPURfFxohOfy8~nHnaGaJYVvBShkE~pFE2BXoObECLkV615206dcrN-wOHpybGwRLoyyf3SSXmoCgd5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition"},{"id":46948,"name":"Bilingualism and Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism_and_Multilingualism"},{"id":827606,"name":"English As a Second Language (ESL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_As_a_Second_Language_ESL_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88581056"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581056/Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Context_Knowledge_Beliefs_and_Practices_about_Language_1_Use"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527076/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581056/Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Context_Knowledge_Beliefs_and_Practices_about_Language_1_Use">Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Maidaijaz2">Maida ijaz</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1dda6f2cb48bdc2a198aa00f237a75de" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527076,"asset_id":88581056,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527076/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581056"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581056"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581056; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581056]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581056]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581056; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581056']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581056, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1dda6f2cb48bdc2a198aa00f237a75de" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581056]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581056,"title":"Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.36902/rjsser-vol3-iss3-2022(92-99)","abstract":"There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Research Journal of Social Sciences \u0026 Economics Review"},"translated_abstract":"There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88581056/Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Context_Knowledge_Beliefs_and_Practices_about_Language_1_Use","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T07:55:01.628-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38926726,"work_id":88581056,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":163045671,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"i***z@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Maida ijaz","title":"Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use"},{"id":38926727,"work_id":88581056,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":7200753,"email":"a***.@gcwus.edu.pk","display_order":2,"name":"Aisha Farid","title":"Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92527076,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"40_Bilibgualism_L1_Use_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527076/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527076/40_Bilibgualism_L1_Use_Y-libre.pdf?1665934261=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTeachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=OIWROnna2bxCcL8qe0N2hj4yFNs61z0x4mQDn0ExdypyqGUZQdnjYGG3K~7rPopdqedGaPd~0bvzg1HuubqoCV49LXHawGy4pnK174zl-3fVkKz3M7N6he4Gr6pmHIVdjCznQBuUl2IY4xVfO5NmkT5xqZ06YfSFJb3dxQOpr5eVo7LVWISc~w2hoNvREFyktXsA6de0t1RLWBzVO0HyEjcthuuLSNABEdWKLQ~vp5XnJCJjyWKe7srd8dZGOkPuJEK0ibAUsHPEYAiCIAXXNTznyUSpoYB6ioSJAH0xJDW6hzdOFg7WB5ZIwlXXJ~0WdBrox7jhbWbS61vpFJ8f-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Context_Knowledge_Beliefs_and_Practices_about_Language_1_Use","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527076,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"40_Bilibgualism_L1_Use_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527076/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527076/40_Bilibgualism_L1_Use_Y-libre.pdf?1665934261=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTeachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=OIWROnna2bxCcL8qe0N2hj4yFNs61z0x4mQDn0ExdypyqGUZQdnjYGG3K~7rPopdqedGaPd~0bvzg1HuubqoCV49LXHawGy4pnK174zl-3fVkKz3M7N6he4Gr6pmHIVdjCznQBuUl2IY4xVfO5NmkT5xqZ06YfSFJb3dxQOpr5eVo7LVWISc~w2hoNvREFyktXsA6de0t1RLWBzVO0HyEjcthuuLSNABEdWKLQ~vp5XnJCJjyWKe7srd8dZGOkPuJEK0ibAUsHPEYAiCIAXXNTznyUSpoYB6ioSJAH0xJDW6hzdOFg7WB5ZIwlXXJ~0WdBrox7jhbWbS61vpFJ8f-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":236,"name":"Cognitive Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Psychology"},{"id":11658,"name":"Bilingual Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingual_Education"},{"id":827606,"name":"English As a Second Language (ESL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_As_a_Second_Language_ESL_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85765864"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85765864/An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90366842/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85765864/An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development">An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AyeshaKhan608">Sheeza Tufail</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Pakistan Social Sciences Review</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study examines the influence of social media on English vocabulary growth and motivation...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study examines the influence of social media on English <br />vocabulary  growth  and  motivation  enhancement  among  ESL <br />students  in  public  and  private  institutions  in  Pakistan.  This <br />study is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered <br />through  the  convenience  sampling  technique  by  using a <br />questionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of <br />four universities of Sialkot; two were from public  sector and two <br />from  private  sector.  Data  was  analyzed  through  SPSS by <br />measuring  percentage,  mean,  standard  deviation,  and<br />individual  t-test  to  demonstrate  the  gender  difference  in  the <br />participants'  views.  The  findings  revealed  that  social  media <br />stimulates language learning interest among English language <br />learners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the <br />ESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for <br />motivation  enhancement  and  vocabulary  development,  and <br />consequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6361c1a6e727c6530bbe7ca2a6fd3c3a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90366842,"asset_id":85765864,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90366842/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85765864"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85765864"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85765864; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85765864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85765864]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85765864; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85765864']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85765864, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6361c1a6e727c6530bbe7ca2a6fd3c3a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85765864]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85765864,"title":"An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examines the influence of social media on English \nvocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL \nstudents in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This \nstudy is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered \nthrough the convenience sampling technique by using a \nquestionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of \nfour universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two \nfrom private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by \nmeasuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and\nindividual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the \nparticipants' views. The findings revealed that social media \nstimulates language learning interest among English language \nlearners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the \nESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for \nmotivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and \nconsequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Pakistan Social Sciences Review"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines the influence of social media on English \nvocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL \nstudents in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This \nstudy is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered \nthrough the convenience sampling technique by using a \nquestionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of \nfour universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two \nfrom private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by \nmeasuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and\nindividual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the \nparticipants' views. The findings revealed that social media \nstimulates language learning interest among English language \nlearners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the \nESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for \nmotivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and \nconsequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85765864/An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-28T04:38:10.419-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":135561118,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38732683,"work_id":85765864,"tagging_user_id":135561118,"tagged_user_id":104333863,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"i***b@gcwus.edu.pk","affiliation":"GC WOMEN UNIVERSITY","display_order":1,"name":"Dr. Iram Rubab Seyal","title":"An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development"},{"id":38732684,"work_id":85765864,"tagging_user_id":135561118,"tagged_user_id":3856896,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***r@hotmail.com","affiliation":"GC universty sailkot","display_order":2,"name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","title":"An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90366842,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90366842/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90366842/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90366842/article-libre.pdf?1661689844=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=YytaDq7dkYoPEBe1YLmS6RkQYzIAUDyyOyIIu3tHdmH57vhEEAra7xhRakp17IpD~T2DIH81FaG7GgWokbIF89RtllfxxkoavgM0A8VPI1P48jg-H5c3XDairGkhlFtN-C6ez9BCtLlYRqdT8o09-u7ZXjINjIROrHtG0IPVmiMgl--b3adrHuA~Oabyc1hh6pDFZ5rfFLVoq7C45Pxp4519yf0pD1xYUYvSFT5WTDLEhQSem0-5kW9PzxSixbV0oyNM0LDXAyEZlyXSrYpEgl6ud5ZmHFwN4PYCHuMdHzwVBBDE1a~DvvURbHzpvzUgEv9An8ikBgd7JoP9cRyWzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study examines the influence of social media on English \nvocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL \nstudents in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This \nstudy is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered \nthrough the convenience sampling technique by using a \nquestionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of \nfour universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two \nfrom private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by \nmeasuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and\nindividual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the \nparticipants' views. The findings revealed that social media \nstimulates language learning interest among English language \nlearners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the \nESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for \nmotivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and \nconsequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.","owner":{"id":135561118,"first_name":"Sheeza","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Tufail","page_name":"AyeshaKhan608","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-11-16T20:20:56.552-08:00","display_name":"Sheeza Tufail","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AyeshaKhan608"},"attachments":[{"id":90366842,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90366842/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90366842/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90366842/article-libre.pdf?1661689844=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=YytaDq7dkYoPEBe1YLmS6RkQYzIAUDyyOyIIu3tHdmH57vhEEAra7xhRakp17IpD~T2DIH81FaG7GgWokbIF89RtllfxxkoavgM0A8VPI1P48jg-H5c3XDairGkhlFtN-C6ez9BCtLlYRqdT8o09-u7ZXjINjIROrHtG0IPVmiMgl--b3adrHuA~Oabyc1hh6pDFZ5rfFLVoq7C45Pxp4519yf0pD1xYUYvSFT5WTDLEhQSem0-5kW9PzxSixbV0oyNM0LDXAyEZlyXSrYpEgl6ud5ZmHFwN4PYCHuMdHzwVBBDE1a~DvvURbHzpvzUgEv9An8ikBgd7JoP9cRyWzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45973227"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45973227/Teachers_Identity_in_the_Modern_World_and_the_Factors_which_Shape_them_up_Professionally_and_Psychologically"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Teachers Identity in the Modern World, and the Factors which Shape them up Professionally and Psychologically" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45973227/Teachers_Identity_in_the_Modern_World_and_the_Factors_which_Shape_them_up_Professionally_and_Psychologically">Teachers Identity in the Modern World, and the Factors which Shape them up Professionally and Psychologically</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ManshoorABBASI">Manshoor ABBASI</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Language Teaching and Research</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45973227"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45973227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45973227; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85226153"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226153/Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Comparative_English_Discourse_Development_in_Children_and_Adults_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Innate Human Discourse Features: A Comparative English Discourse Development in Children and Adults in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89989578/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226153/Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Comparative_English_Discourse_Development_in_Children_and_Adults_in_Pakistan">Innate Human Discourse Features: A Comparative English Discourse Development in Children and Adults in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study aims to explore how children&#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study aims to explore how children&#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult, problems related to the development of English discourse that children and adults face in Pakistan, and how to overcome them. A mixed-method approach is used in the study. The study sample comprised 150 adults and 150 children for the survey, and 25 adults and 25 children for interviews from 5 universities and five schools from Punjab province of Pakistan. The research has identified that children&#39;s English discourse is different from that of adults in terms of vocabulary, learning process, practice, and experience. The other significant findings are the problems like lack of grammatical knowledge and confidence, punctuation mistakes and medium switching, and solution to these problems such as providing a proper platform for the development of English discourse, using audio-visual method rather than the grammar-translation method, motivating students into developing proper English ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8443f8d36c18cac768dd4f6d2a181220" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89989578,"asset_id":85226153,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989578/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85226153"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85226153"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226153; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226153]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226153]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226153; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85226153']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85226153, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8443f8d36c18cac768dd4f6d2a181220" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85226153]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85226153,"title":"Innate Human Discourse Features: A Comparative English Discourse Development in Children and Adults in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study aims to explore how children\u0026#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult, problems related to the development of English discourse that children and adults face in Pakistan, and how to overcome them. 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It provides code-switching, the alternating use of languages in the discourse, as a solution to this problem. It is mixed-method research in which the data was collected from university teachers and students on a survey. The study followed Fairclough's model of Critical Discourse Analysis and helped reach conclusions regarding the use of code-switching in classes. It finds out that our university teachers are already using code-switching in their classes to help reduce foreign language anxiety and motivate learners towards learning. The study also highlighted the possible harm code-switching may bring to the students: students suffer in the long run due to their reliance on the usage of code-switching, and this complete dependency ultimately results in poor language skills development. Thus, the study recommends that teachers be careful and judicious in the use of code-switching in classes and that too only in the initial phase of university education.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="81f84e0884f12266a529b6def1147adc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89989577,"asset_id":85226152,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989577/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85226152"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85226152"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226152; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226152]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226152]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226152; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85226152']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85226152, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "81f84e0884f12266a529b6def1147adc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85226152]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85226152,"title":"A critical discourse analysis of impact of code-switching on modern adult language learners’ motivation in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cognizance Research Associates","grobid_abstract":"This research yields a review on demotivation among students due to poor language skills resulting in less participation in classrooms. 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It provides code-switching, the alternating use of languages in the discourse, as a solution to this problem. It is mixed-method research in which the data was collected from university teachers and students on a survey. The study followed Fairclough's model of Critical Discourse Analysis and helped reach conclusions regarding the use of code-switching in classes. It finds out that our university teachers are already using code-switching in their classes to help reduce foreign language anxiety and motivate learners towards learning. The study also highlighted the possible harm code-switching may bring to the students: students suffer in the long run due to their reliance on the usage of code-switching, and this complete dependency ultimately results in poor language skills development. 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The political discourse...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Political discourse is a recent but increasingly exciting field of study. The political discourse offers much scope for interdisciplinary research. This current study is a stylistic analysis of the Inaugural speech delivered by Nigerian President Muhammadu Bukhari in Abuja on 29th May 2015. The current study aims to signify the role of Stylistics in CDA to unleash socio-political cognition in speeches. This qualitative research owing to its interdisciplinary nature draws on stylistics and critical discourse analysis as well. Teun A. Van Dijk&#39;s socio-cognitive approach is used to analyze the mental models underlying linguistic structures made explicit through stylistic analysis. The stylistic analysis is conducted on lexical and grammatical levels, but cohesion and speech acts have also been highlighted in the findings and discussion part. The study explores how stylistic devices are used to create a rhetorical effect and how this effect qualifies for being persuasive. The stylis...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="eb705ef408a9c15769fb14eaafa16b2c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83439815,"asset_id":75821705,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83439815/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75821705"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75821705"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75821705; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75821705]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75821705]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75821705; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75821705']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75821705, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "eb705ef408a9c15769fb14eaafa16b2c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75821705]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75821705,"title":"An Exploration of Muhammadu Bukhari’s Socio-Political Cognition through Stylistic Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Political discourse is a recent but increasingly exciting field of study. 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The political discourse offers much scope for interdisciplinary research. This current study is a stylistic analysis of the Inaugural speech delivered by Nigerian President Muhammadu Bukhari in Abuja on 29th May 2015. The current study aims to signify the role of Stylistics in CDA to unleash socio-political cognition in speeches. This qualitative research owing to its interdisciplinary nature draws on stylistics and critical discourse analysis as well. Teun A. Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive approach is used to analyze the mental models underlying linguistic structures made explicit through stylistic analysis. The stylistic analysis is conducted on lexical and grammatical levels, but cohesion and speech acts have also been highlighted in the findings and discussion part. The study explores how stylistic devices are used to create a rhetorical effect and how this effect qualifies for being persuasive. 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The data were based on the semi-structured interviews taken by ESL learners and teachers from Punjab, Pakistan. A purposive sample of 20 female ESL learners of various social backgrounds was selected to record their lived experiences of COVID-19, which transformed their cognition. Two male and three female ESL teachers, based on purposive sampling, were also selected to investigate the reasons for the cognitive transformation of ESL learners during the pandemic. The discursive themes were explored by codifying and interpreting the qualitative data. Findings revealed that contagion had promoted bizarre linguistic forms about socio-cultural and economic transformation, which generated the discourse of fear and equally affected learner’s cognition and learning process. Researchers use...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c69d9dbd81752611f6efb938341397de" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223718,"asset_id":75465720,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223718/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465720"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465720"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465720; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465720]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465720]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465720; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465720']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465720, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c69d9dbd81752611f6efb938341397de" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465720]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465720,"title":"Sudden Switch to Post-COVID-19 Online Classes and Cognitive Transformation of ESL Learners: Critical Analysis of Discourse of Fear","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study investigates how COVID-19 has transformed ESL learners\u0026#39; cognition due to the sudden shift from traditional classes to complete distant-virtual learning under the perpetual discourse of fear. 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Reading strategies aim to build vocabulary and help integrate the existing knowledge of the readers/learners with the new knowledge through analysis and critical reflection on textual form and content. The study covers four major types of strategies, namely basic differentiated strategies, metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and socio-affective strategies, to highlight their pedagogical value. The study opens up the research area of how these strategies are viewed as significant, which strategies the teachers and the students neglect, and how these strategies are influenced by pedagogical instructions and assessment and shape the participatory and transformative teaching/learning. It is recommended that all these strategies should be given due attention as they collectively involve orthographic recognition and processing through cognitive pa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f0c37132e811cf1ef492f908e02e01c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223724,"asset_id":75465719,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223724/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465719"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465719"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465719; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465719]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465719]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465719; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465719']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465719, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8f0c37132e811cf1ef492f908e02e01c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465719]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465719,"title":"A Review of Effective Reading Strategies to Teach Text Comprehension to Adult English Language Learners","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper reviews the reading strategies and their theoretical perspectives in reading comprehension inside/outside the classroom. 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This is in sharp contrast to ESL paradigm as is observed in Pakistan. It points out possible implications of interactive teaching with the contrastive analysis of EFL and ESL paradigms. Using mixed method research design, a survey from learners and teachers in Pakistan and KSA, observations and interviews, it finds out that most of EFL/ESL learners and teachers realize the importance of interactive teaching in optimizing language learning; however, there are certain administrative, psychological and social factors that discourage its application: too much stress on class discipline, the anxiety faced by the learners on their turn of speaking, and the negative social image of the language specially in the context of Saudi Arabia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a3be048ea14ec1c120b73ad3ece74074" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223728,"asset_id":75465718,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223728/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465718"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465718"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465718; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465718]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465718]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465718; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465718']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465718, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a3be048ea14ec1c120b73ad3ece74074" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465718]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465718,"title":"Interactive Teaching to EFL Learners in Saudi Arabia and ESL Learners in Pakistan: Issues and Implications","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study aims to explore how far interactive teaching can produce desirable learning outcomes in educational institutions in Saudi Arabia with EFL paradigm and no scope of social interlocutions in English language in most of the areas. 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With this end in view, it investigates non-native EFL teachers’ beliefs in relation to adult learners’ beliefs in teaching grammar to university students in the Saudi Arabian EFL context. It finds out the harmony and disharmony between the teachers at the giving end and the taught at the receiving end to create a culture of awareness and to build a better teaching-learning environment. The study tries to fill the existing research gap as no previous research has tried to find out the solution to the problem from this angle. The main data collection tools are two five-point Likert-scale questionnaires, administered to 70 non-native EFL teachers and their 80 adult students. Teachers and learners have been selected based on stratified random sampling. Quantitative data have been analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The maj...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="86e7b13ee92e03219b39501bdec1d8d6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223726,"asset_id":75465717,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223726/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465717, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "86e7b13ee92e03219b39501bdec1d8d6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465717,"title":"Teachers’ Beliefs versus Learners’ Beliefs in Grammar Teaching: Harmonizing Teaching and Learning for Adult Learners’ Improved Proficiency in English","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study tends to explore the possible reforms to raise the proficiency level of the adult English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75465716"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/75465716/Use_of_First_Language_in_the_Classroom_Non_Native_EFL_Teacherss_Beliefs_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Bilingual_Context"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of First Language in the Classroom: Non-Native EFL Teacherss Beliefs in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Bilingual Context" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/75465716/Use_of_First_Language_in_the_Classroom_Non_Native_EFL_Teacherss_Beliefs_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Bilingual_Context">Use of First Language in the Classroom: Non-Native EFL Teacherss Beliefs in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Bilingual Context</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465716"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465716"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465716; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75465715"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75465715/Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Language_Learners_for_Professional_Colleges_An_Evaluation_of_Current_Placement_System"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83223725/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75465715/Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Language_Learners_for_Professional_Colleges_An_Evaluation_of_Current_Placement_System">Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Arab World English Journal</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for Gene...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for General Purposes for one year and English for Specific Purposes for six months)and the proposed one (both ESP and EGP for one year) in Preparatory Year Programme (PYP)in Qassim University. It starts with an assumption that if the students are placed on the medical or science track in level-1 instead of level-2, they can be better prepared for the professional colleges after studying ESP for a full year.The study uses quantitative research approach by analyzing the data statistically in a comprehensive way. The complete record of high school grades, Pre-PYP tests and the first semester results of 615 PYP students in the main branch have been thoroughly studied. Likewise, 50 medical male, 50 medical female, 50 science male and 50 science female students have been surveyed on the 5-point Likert scale with 10-items quantitative tool. Major finding is that existing system of placing the students on medical and science tracks in the 2 nd semester is better as the students get refined and polished due to the competition and hard work in the 1 st semester of PYP. They remain both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated that despite their low performance on the high school exams, aptitude test and entry test, they still have another chance of being placed on the medical track (the first choice of majority of the students). The study, nevertheless, recommends reforms in the existing system without changing it drastically.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0e09a61410ad8a86856150c34ed76793" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223725,"asset_id":75465715,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223725/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465715"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465715"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465715; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465715]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465715]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465715; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465715']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465715, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0e09a61410ad8a86856150c34ed76793" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465715]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465715,"title":"Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"AWEJ Group","grobid_abstract":"The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for General Purposes for one year and English for Specific Purposes for six months)and the proposed one (both ESP and EGP for one year) in Preparatory Year Programme (PYP)in Qassim University. It starts with an assumption that if the students are placed on the medical or science track in level-1 instead of level-2, they can be better prepared for the professional colleges after studying ESP for a full year.The study uses quantitative research approach by analyzing the data statistically in a comprehensive way. The complete record of high school grades, Pre-PYP tests and the first semester results of 615 PYP students in the main branch have been thoroughly studied. Likewise, 50 medical male, 50 medical female, 50 science male and 50 science female students have been surveyed on the 5-point Likert scale with 10-items quantitative tool. Major finding is that existing system of placing the students on medical and science tracks in the 2 nd semester is better as the students get refined and polished due to the competition and hard work in the 1 st semester of PYP. They remain both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated that despite their low performance on the high school exams, aptitude test and entry test, they still have another chance of being placed on the medical track (the first choice of majority of the students). The study, nevertheless, recommends reforms in the existing system without changing it drastically.","publication_name":"Arab World English Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":83223725},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75465715/Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Language_Learners_for_Professional_Colleges_An_Evaluation_of_Current_Placement_System","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-04T16:19:35.567-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38740620,"work_id":75465715,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":108553898,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***d@gcwus.edu.pk","affiliation":"GC universty sailkot","display_order":0,"name":"Dr. Aisha Farid","title":"Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System"},{"id":38740621,"work_id":75465715,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":183370556,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***0@gmail.com","display_order":4194304,"name":"Dr.Khaled Albesher","title":"Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83223725,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83223725/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223725/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Langu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83223725/3-libre.pdf?1649114858=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Langu.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450271\u0026Signature=etzn15SJFNR~pwBEb9HUZG7Dc9BhebNuDIEyH8hMgV5FvJGvEGymWHCrWE69pa4FWckSb8xm~DCm51pdi2aYxhSywxI~sDKX2Gu8FvCWoqGnh8RHqAhI-TRHSz5nxPVMCwMInDG4m860lIJmxw~OnCfqjfrceJ12dzleLjIrXguKydAxQLSig7JSVgqQvfykrVy4va3hpCzXY41-JXn7BJs0TsKmb8hFnz~ydK-RIfprDXGdxbPZLOQPVadmQSX96o7l-snU8j0SuBN3dWdtlqbae9ZjMPrvaKuIYdcIVrSFJEzc8m3rwGe03LrhlFPhWjXGQw3eFNb1ySTO~Id00g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Language_Learners_for_Professional_Colleges_An_Evaluation_of_Current_Placement_System","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for General Purposes for one year and English for Specific Purposes for six months)and the proposed one (both ESP and EGP for one year) in Preparatory Year Programme (PYP)in Qassim University. It starts with an assumption that if the students are placed on the medical or science track in level-1 instead of level-2, they can be better prepared for the professional colleges after studying ESP for a full year.The study uses quantitative research approach by analyzing the data statistically in a comprehensive way. The complete record of high school grades, Pre-PYP tests and the first semester results of 615 PYP students in the main branch have been thoroughly studied. Likewise, 50 medical male, 50 medical female, 50 science male and 50 science female students have been surveyed on the 5-point Likert scale with 10-items quantitative tool. Major finding is that existing system of placing the students on medical and science tracks in the 2 nd semester is better as the students get refined and polished due to the competition and hard work in the 1 st semester of PYP. They remain both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated that despite their low performance on the high school exams, aptitude test and entry test, they still have another chance of being placed on the medical track (the first choice of majority of the students). The study, nevertheless, recommends reforms in the existing system without changing it drastically.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":83223725,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83223725/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223725/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Langu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83223725/3-libre.pdf?1649114858=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Langu.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450271\u0026Signature=etzn15SJFNR~pwBEb9HUZG7Dc9BhebNuDIEyH8hMgV5FvJGvEGymWHCrWE69pa4FWckSb8xm~DCm51pdi2aYxhSywxI~sDKX2Gu8FvCWoqGnh8RHqAhI-TRHSz5nxPVMCwMInDG4m860lIJmxw~OnCfqjfrceJ12dzleLjIrXguKydAxQLSig7JSVgqQvfykrVy4va3hpCzXY41-JXn7BJs0TsKmb8hFnz~ydK-RIfprDXGdxbPZLOQPVadmQSX96o7l-snU8j0SuBN3dWdtlqbae9ZjMPrvaKuIYdcIVrSFJEzc8m3rwGe03LrhlFPhWjXGQw3eFNb1ySTO~Id00g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":1005,"name":"English for Specific Purposes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_for_Specific_Purposes"},{"id":17663,"name":"ESP","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ESP"},{"id":34227,"name":"Education programmes evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_programmes_evaluation"},{"id":1239167,"name":"Language Learners","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Learners"},{"id":1850550,"name":"EGP","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EGP"},{"id":2578970,"name":"Professional Colleges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Colleges"},{"id":2994618,"name":"English for General Academic Purposes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_for_General_Academic_Purposes"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="477646" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="122706789"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/122706789/Social_Media_Influence_on_Pakistani_Youth_s_Linguistic_Expressions_A_Predictive_Study_of_Resultant_Changes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Social Media Influence on Pakistani Youth’s Linguistic Expressions: A Predictive Study of Resultant Changes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117318281/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/122706789/Social_Media_Influence_on_Pakistani_Youth_s_Linguistic_Expressions_A_Predictive_Study_of_Resultant_Changes">Social Media Influence on Pakistani Youth’s Linguistic Expressions: A Predictive Study of Resultant Changes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Education and Social Studies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. Among many other impacts on the users, the language choices, and expressions, mostly preferred by youth, are manipulated and affected by such online platforms. With this in view, this research seeks to understand how social media has transformed the language expressions of young Pakistanis. It also focuses on the possible resultant changes in linguistic choices made by youth after being influenced by social media. Data was collected through previous papers to discover the research gaps, and an online survey/questionnaire was administered to fulfil this study&#39;s goal. Fifty participants were randomly selected from five educational institutions in Sialkot, Pakistan (Govt. College Women University, NISA College, University of Management and Technology, University of Central Punjab, and Govt. Murray Graduate College). The data was critically, qualitatively, and quantitatively evaluated and...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="88539f4d98fdf327143713a4f384be73" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117318281,"asset_id":122706789,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117318281/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122706789"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122706789"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706789; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706789]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706789]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706789; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122706789']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122706789, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "88539f4d98fdf327143713a4f384be73" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122706789]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122706789,"title":"Social Media Influence on Pakistani Youth’s Linguistic Expressions: A Predictive Study of Resultant Changes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. Among many other impacts on the users, the language choices, and expressions, mostly preferred by youth, are manipulated and affected by such online platforms. With this in view, this research seeks to understand how social media has transformed the language expressions of young Pakistanis. It also focuses on the possible resultant changes in linguistic choices made by youth after being influenced by social media. Data was collected through previous papers to discover the research gaps, and an online survey/questionnaire was administered to fulfil this study\u0026#39;s goal. Fifty participants were randomly selected from five educational institutions in Sialkot, Pakistan (Govt. College Women University, NISA College, University of Management and Technology, University of Central Punjab, and Govt. Murray Graduate College). The data was critically, qualitatively, and quantitatively evaluated and...","publisher":"Science Impact Publishers","ai_title_tag":"Impact of Social Media on Pakistani Youth's Language Use","publication_name":"Journal of Education and Social Studies"},"translated_abstract":"Social media has taken over our lives in this era of technology and globalization in many ways. Among many other impacts on the users, the language choices, and expressions, mostly preferred by youth, are manipulated and affected by such online platforms. With this in view, this research seeks to understand how social media has transformed the language expressions of young Pakistanis. It also focuses on the possible resultant changes in linguistic choices made by youth after being influenced by social media. Data was collected through previous papers to discover the research gaps, and an online survey/questionnaire was administered to fulfil this study\u0026#39;s goal. Fifty participants were randomly selected from five educational institutions in Sialkot, Pakistan (Govt. College Women University, NISA College, University of Management and Technology, University of Central Punjab, and Govt. Murray Graduate College). 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Among many other impacts on the users, the language choices, and expressions, mostly preferred by youth, are manipulated and affected by such online platforms. With this in view, this research seeks to understand how social media has transformed the language expressions of young Pakistanis. It also focuses on the possible resultant changes in linguistic choices made by youth after being influenced by social media. Data was collected through previous papers to discover the research gaps, and an online survey/questionnaire was administered to fulfil this study\u0026#39;s goal. Fifty participants were randomly selected from five educational institutions in Sialkot, Pakistan (Govt. College Women University, NISA College, University of Management and Technology, University of Central Punjab, and Govt. Murray Graduate College). 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The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk&#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122706788"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122706788"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706788; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706788]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706788]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706788; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122706788']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122706788, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122706788]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122706788,"title":"Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christian son electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.","publisher":"Humanity Only - HO","publication_name":"Global Digital \u0026amp; Print Media Review"},"translated_abstract":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christian son electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/122706788/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-08-08T22:41:12.433-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christian son electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive model.The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population,particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community,which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. 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This study is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered through the convenience sampling technique by using a questionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of four universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two from private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by measuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and individual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the participants' views. The findings revealed that social media stimulates language learning interest among English language learners. As well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the ESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for motivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and consequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a0ea6bb9c20cfdda6efec8107acd7b42" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117318282,"asset_id":122706765,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117318282/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122706765"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122706765"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706765; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706765]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122706765]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122706765; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122706765']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122706765, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a0ea6bb9c20cfdda6efec8107acd7b42" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122706765]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122706765,"title":"An Investigation of ESL Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Developmen","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Fatima Gohar Educational and Welfare Society","ai_title_tag":"ESL Students’ Views on Social Media for Vocabulary Growth","grobid_abstract":"This study examines the influence of social media on English vocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL students in public and private institutions in Pakistan. 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It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92952532"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92952532"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92952532; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92952532]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92952532]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92952532; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92952532']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92952532, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92952532]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92952532,"title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper traces the impact of Translation Method and the Direct Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. 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It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92952532/Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-15T05:03:09.412-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This paper traces the impact of Translation Method and the Direct Method on adult language learners in Pakistan. It points out the major emotional and psychological factors related to the medium of instruction in the class. It explores whether L1 use in the class negatively or positively impacts adult English language learners. Since it is a descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been administered to the teachers and students. With the help of statistical data analysis, this research explores the impact of DM-GTM. The study highlights the current situation and gives food for thought to language learners, teachers,administrators, and policymakers to improve English language teaching/learning in Pakistani colleges and universities. The article opens the doors for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education"},{"id":48934,"name":"GLOBAL LANGUAGE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GLOBAL_LANGUAGE"},{"id":95162,"name":"Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammar"},{"id":126788,"name":"English Language Teaching (ELT)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Language_Teaching_ELT_"},{"id":1763339,"name":"Direct Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direct_Method"},{"id":3975198,"name":"GTM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GTM"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88582358"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88582358/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92528206/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88582358/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis">Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://umt.academia.edu/SeemabJamilGhouri">Seemab Jamil Ghouri</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Global Digital & Print Media Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pak...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population, particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community, which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2ffc9c46449e183474753be7b6f5c543" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92528206,"asset_id":88582358,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92528206/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88582358"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88582358"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88582358; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88582358]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88582358]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88582358; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88582358']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88582358, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2ffc9c46449e183474753be7b6f5c543" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88582358]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88582358,"title":"Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).08","abstract":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population, particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community, which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Global Digital \u0026 Print Media Review"},"translated_abstract":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population, particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community, which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. It is also argued that students should equip with tools like this research employed to analyze dominant discourses.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88582358/Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T08:20:01.281-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38926804,"work_id":88582358,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":109524724,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***7@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Management and Technology","display_order":1,"name":"Seemab Jamil Ghouri","title":"Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis"},{"id":38926805,"work_id":88582358,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":143203399,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***5@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Ashbeel Haleem David BhaTti","title":"Exploring Representation of the Christian community on Electronic and Social Media in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92528206,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92528206/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"37_Christian_Community_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92528206/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christia.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92528206/37_Christian_Community_Y-libre.pdf?1665934221=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExploring_Representation_of_the_Christia.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=CWrrc5PE1NiEQ1SMbNI69yS83C0gFvEo6vnulzkLiZzc7H9JFncho77-ySdmYi~gACCVZpZM~wf0hc714luelaumcfoZ6U7Y2kDsT2mKwR2Jp5wG8azgi~4aTsZQfDGlJTjYxYt1WWrCGP8F8sXJIbtJ5Yr0OEMhP7yYXsDm9zHbrwpRMc~touoiA-8pRAAQhjEbEFLxjIyuqKtHVaBCc2FT8HEfMY7F9QlTCrvH0iDjIln6olZtxKXvhgT-k0UXf0trebX86W1gTuSBeCK0Yi8XjJvMwDDKGTz52WMv810zFX1uz5YCAsl7RIYwk99OXr5INYdMlWYxBM60dHXlvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Exploring_Representation_of_the_Christian_community_on_Electronic_and_Social_Media_in_Pakistan_A_Critical_Discourse_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This paper aims to explore the representation of Christians on electronic and social media in Pakistan. The study is based on the qualitative research method using Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The research results indicate that Pakistani electronic media is more concerned about market dynamics and power structures than constitutional narratives. Only the elite segment of the population, particularly politicians and business tycoons, can access electronic media. Another theme is the poor portrait of the Christian community, which is persecuted without adequate redressal. Moreover, access to social media is a great source for Christians to get coverage about the issue of forced conversions and marriages. In conclusion, this research suggests that the government must revise the PEMRA laws to ensure pluralism, freedom of speech and diversity. 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As every religion has particular spiritual dimensions according to its beliefs, the paper seeks to analyze the specific dimensions of spirituality in significant religions. The study's research design is purely qualitative as it uses the textual narrative method to investigate the visions of scholars on the conception of spirituality. The study's major findings reveal that spirituality is not a dormant illustration of religion. Christian scholars tried to link spirituality with society and the Church. Most Buddhist and Hindu scholars believe that religion does not need to gain the true light of spirituality. The Islamic concept of spirituality is likely to stick with religion. Therefore, it is suggested in continuation of the present study that future researchers consider the factors that push persons to become spiritual souls. Moreover, future researchers can also pay attention to the subconscious mind by giving a solid distinction between the sub-consciousness and spirituality of a person.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a9690a220daae807226a6786ae39b763" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527924,"asset_id":88581998,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527924/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581998"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581998"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581998; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581998]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581998]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581998; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581998']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581998, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a9690a220daae807226a6786ae39b763" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581998]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581998,"title":"SPIRITUAL DIMENSIONS IN RELIGION: CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study explores the relationship between spirituality and religion from a critical discourse analysis (CDA) perspective. As every religion has particular spiritual dimensions according to its beliefs, the paper seeks to analyze the specific dimensions of spirituality in significant religions. The study's research design is purely qualitative as it uses the textual narrative method to investigate the visions of scholars on the conception of spirituality. The study's major findings reveal that spirituality is not a dormant illustration of religion. Christian scholars tried to link spirituality with society and the Church. Most Buddhist and Hindu scholars believe that religion does not need to gain the true light of spirituality. The Islamic concept of spirituality is likely to stick with religion. Therefore, it is suggested in continuation of the present study that future researchers consider the factors that push persons to become spiritual souls. 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It <br />points out the major emotional and psychological <br />factors related to the medium of instruction in the <br />class. It explores whether L1 use in the class <br />negatively or positively impacts adult English <br />language learners. Since it is a <br />descriptive/quantitative study, a survey has been <br />administered to the teachers and students. With the <br />help of statistical data analysis, this research <br />explores the impact of DM/GTM. The study <br />highlights the current situation and gives food for <br />thought to language learners, teachers, <br />administrators, and policymakers to improve <br />English language teaching/learning in Pakistani <br />colleges and universities. The article opens the doors <br />for future research on diverse aspects of the issue.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="41376325afa90371b78d494438aacfe6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527705,"asset_id":88581766,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527705/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581766"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581766"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581766; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581766]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581766; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581766']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581766, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "41376325afa90371b78d494438aacfe6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581766]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581766,"title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.31703/glr.2022(VII-I).20","abstract":" This\t paper\t traces\t the\t impact\t of\t the\t\nGrammar\t Translation\t Method\t and\t the\t Direct\t\nMethod\t on\t adult\tlanguage\tlearners\tin\t Pakistan.\t It\t\npoints\t out\tthe\t major\t emotional\t and\t psychological\t\nfactors\trelated\tto\tthe\tmedium\tof\tinstruction\tin\tthe\t\nclass.\t It\t explores\t whether\t L1\t use\t in\t the\t class\t\nnegatively\t or\t positively\t impacts\t adult\t English\t\nlanguage learners.\t Since\t it\t is\t a\t\ndescriptive/quantitative\t study,\t a\t survey\t has\t been\t\nadministered\tto\tthe\tteachers\tand\tstudents.\tWith\tthe\t\nhelp\t of\t statistical\t data\t analysis,\t this\t research\t\nexplores\t the\t impact\t of\t DM/GTM.\t The\t study\t\nhighlights\t the\t current\t situation\t and\t gives\t food\t for\t\nthought\t to\t language\t learners,\t teachers,\t\nadministrators,\t and\t policymakers\t to\t improve\t\nEnglish\t language\t teaching/learning\t in\t Pakistani\t\ncolleges\tand\tuniversities. 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The\tarticle\topens\tthe\tdoors\t\nfor\tfuture\tresearch\ton\tdiverse\taspects\tof\tthe\tissue.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88581766/Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T08:08:10.361-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38926767,"work_id":88581766,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":108553898,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***d@gcwus.edu.pk","affiliation":"GC universty sailkot","display_order":1,"name":"Dr. Aisha Farid","title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan"},{"id":38926768,"work_id":88581766,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":151072230,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Sheeza Akbar Khan","title":"Role of Direct Method Vs Grammar Translation Method in Teaching English to Adult Learners in Pakistan"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92527705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"39_DM_GTM_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527705/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527705/39_DM_GTM_Y-libre.pdf?1665934231=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRole_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=U5tmjTSU6BYQ18ytebnwz2ggJdvXrr396k2sQCM-1hC3L9Im02VUN2RoDmq4UAb866EnfQDVEj5HDzN4m2e9BSTUkuVhzfH4FXs7rESLLvoZjBijAEFqppaa1LlkPZxedSBiCP83MT2leYWMbcXRokrvMYkhNw0VsenC6z8LNf2SHuvo-iyFXnSIy~-1J0ohfSPpAtp1L8tVyKhVyDR4oxSXBH4XL3mMZd6v4FfVUD~lVQWmRup9G9TKbHNlr~OrXN5pZ6y1aL1kxtfNDiF5hLXKiaQuehfHetbihk94MhYxhZcVAdv51wxxkdJQbHdmMHuy3fTO6tlPb2HtKAh1dg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Translation_Method_in_Teaching_English_to_Adult_Learners_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":" This\t paper\t traces\t the\t impact\t of\t the\t\nGrammar\t Translation\t Method\t and\t the\t Direct\t\nMethod\t on\t adult\tlanguage\tlearners\tin\t Pakistan.\t It\t\npoints\t out\tthe\t major\t emotional\t and\t psychological\t\nfactors\trelated\tto\tthe\tmedium\tof\tinstruction\tin\tthe\t\nclass.\t It\t explores\t whether\t L1\t use\t in\t the\t class\t\nnegatively\t or\t positively\t impacts\t adult\t English\t\nlanguage learners.\t Since\t it\t is\t a\t\ndescriptive/quantitative\t study,\t a\t survey\t has\t been\t\nadministered\tto\tthe\tteachers\tand\tstudents.\tWith\tthe\t\nhelp\t of\t statistical\t data\t analysis,\t this\t research\t\nexplores\t the\t impact\t of\t DM/GTM.\t The\t study\t\nhighlights\t the\t current\t situation\t and\t gives\t food\t for\t\nthought\t to\t language\t learners,\t teachers,\t\nadministrators,\t and\t policymakers\t to\t improve\t\nEnglish\t language\t teaching/learning\t in\t Pakistani\t\ncolleges\tand\tuniversities. The\tarticle\topens\tthe\tdoors\t\nfor\tfuture\tresearch\ton\tdiverse\taspects\tof\tthe\tissue.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"39_DM_GTM_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527705/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Role_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527705/39_DM_GTM_Y-libre.pdf?1665934231=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRole_of_Direct_Method_Vs_Grammar_Transla.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=U5tmjTSU6BYQ18ytebnwz2ggJdvXrr396k2sQCM-1hC3L9Im02VUN2RoDmq4UAb866EnfQDVEj5HDzN4m2e9BSTUkuVhzfH4FXs7rESLLvoZjBijAEFqppaa1LlkPZxedSBiCP83MT2leYWMbcXRokrvMYkhNw0VsenC6z8LNf2SHuvo-iyFXnSIy~-1J0ohfSPpAtp1L8tVyKhVyDR4oxSXBH4XL3mMZd6v4FfVUD~lVQWmRup9G9TKbHNlr~OrXN5pZ6y1aL1kxtfNDiF5hLXKiaQuehfHetbihk94MhYxhZcVAdv51wxxkdJQbHdmMHuy3fTO6tlPb2HtKAh1dg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":126788,"name":"English Language Teaching (ELT)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Language_Teaching_ELT_"},{"id":1763339,"name":"Direct Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direct_Method"},{"id":3975198,"name":"GTM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GTM"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88581553"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581553/Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bilingualism_Impact_of_Mother_Tongue_on_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Learners"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527487/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581553/Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bilingualism_Impact_of_Mother_Tongue_on_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Learners">Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/RaaziaRana">Raazia Kanwal</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition and the relation between bilingualism and second language acquisition. A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. There is a strong relationship between bilingualism and SLA, which must be realized and utilized by the practitioners and stakeholders involved in SLA programs worldwide.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="19b481bf001b5a8668623e49f4b794c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527487,"asset_id":88581553,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527487/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581553"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581553"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581553; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581553]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581553]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581553; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581553']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581553, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "19b481bf001b5a8668623e49f4b794c0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581553]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581553,"title":"Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.36902/rjsser-vol3-iss3-2022(100-111)","abstract":"This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition and the relation between bilingualism and second language acquisition. A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. There is a strong relationship between bilingualism and SLA, which must be realized and utilized by the practitioners and stakeholders involved in SLA programs worldwide.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Research Journal of Social Sciences \u0026 Economics Review"},"translated_abstract":"This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition and the relation between bilingualism and second language acquisition. A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. There is a strong relationship between bilingualism and SLA, which must be realized and utilized by the practitioners and stakeholders involved in SLA programs worldwide.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88581553/Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bilingualism_Impact_of_Mother_Tongue_on_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Learners","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T08:03:11.473-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38926753,"work_id":88581553,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":142777223,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***4@gmail.com","affiliation":"GC universty sailkot","display_order":1,"name":"Raazia Kanwal","title":"Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners"},{"id":38926754,"work_id":88581553,"tagging_user_id":3856896,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":7200753,"email":"a***.@gcwus.edu.pk","display_order":2,"name":"Aisha Farid","title":"Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Bilingualism: Impact of Mother Tongue on English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92527487,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527487/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"41_MT_Impact_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527487/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bili.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527487/41_MT_Impact_Y-libre.pdf?1665934238=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecond_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bili.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=JBtziNHJfTx3CmasyVm7OSy2P2aAqYoL-T5tELauVZjvtxPIhahF~kwy3-9oslIyg9cl1d5~pkvWgRf3LrMELQlPrg7dycGyR8KXdqFOQQgXCimU6xMo7JzYSodeP5imgMxYl643XFua8UEtkv8Sjaikz4L9aqP8wNTFjLmsQR5EVnFST7lDnVw6MsFpbWLDmZZQQpSDTGqxY0CCzkCkU5qXxvrIsLMpv9umH6GIBwptASeasM5uRwZoM7oy5J4SBIR0NPNPURfFxohOfy8~nHnaGaJYVvBShkE~pFE2BXoObECLkV615206dcrN-wOHpybGwRLoyyf3SSXmoCgd5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bilingualism_Impact_of_Mother_Tongue_on_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Learners","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This research paper investigates Mother Tongue (Punjabi) impact on second language acquisition and the relation between bilingualism and second language acquisition. A quantitative research approach was chosen for this particular study. An online questionnaire made up of 15 items was used to collect data. All the questions asked were close-ended and distributed among almost 150 students in the city of Sialkot; 110 out of 150 responded. After analyzing data quantitatively, the research has explored the positive impact of Punjabi (mother tongue), as it positively influences the second language acquisition process. It keeps the learners involved, stretching their attention span, giving them a sense of achievement, and keeping their L1 integrity and identity intact. Moreover, this research has investigated that bilingualism enhances the process of second language acquisition. The mother tongue positively controls the process of second language acquisition as the learners can use their L1 cognition, learning experience, and worldview to facilitate and speed up the target language learning/acquisition process. There is a strong relationship between bilingualism and SLA, which must be realized and utilized by the practitioners and stakeholders involved in SLA programs worldwide.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527487,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527487/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"41_MT_Impact_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527487/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Second_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bili.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527487/41_MT_Impact_Y-libre.pdf?1665934238=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecond_Language_Acquisition_SLA_and_Bili.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=JBtziNHJfTx3CmasyVm7OSy2P2aAqYoL-T5tELauVZjvtxPIhahF~kwy3-9oslIyg9cl1d5~pkvWgRf3LrMELQlPrg7dycGyR8KXdqFOQQgXCimU6xMo7JzYSodeP5imgMxYl643XFua8UEtkv8Sjaikz4L9aqP8wNTFjLmsQR5EVnFST7lDnVw6MsFpbWLDmZZQQpSDTGqxY0CCzkCkU5qXxvrIsLMpv9umH6GIBwptASeasM5uRwZoM7oy5J4SBIR0NPNPURfFxohOfy8~nHnaGaJYVvBShkE~pFE2BXoObECLkV615206dcrN-wOHpybGwRLoyyf3SSXmoCgd5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition"},{"id":46948,"name":"Bilingualism and Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism_and_Multilingualism"},{"id":827606,"name":"English As a Second Language (ESL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_As_a_Second_Language_ESL_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88581056"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581056/Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Context_Knowledge_Beliefs_and_Practices_about_Language_1_Use"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527076/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88581056/Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English_as_a_Second_Language_ESL_Context_Knowledge_Beliefs_and_Practices_about_Language_1_Use">Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Maidaijaz2">Maida ijaz</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1dda6f2cb48bdc2a198aa00f237a75de" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92527076,"asset_id":88581056,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527076/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88581056"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88581056"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581056; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581056]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88581056]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88581056; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88581056']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88581056, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1dda6f2cb48bdc2a198aa00f237a75de" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88581056]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88581056,"title":"Teachers' Bilingual Cognition in English as a Second Language (ESL) Context: Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices about Language-1 Use","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.36902/rjsser-vol3-iss3-2022(92-99)","abstract":"There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Research Journal of Social Sciences \u0026 Economics Review"},"translated_abstract":"There is a growing perception in the academic world that the ideas that people hold are the best predictors of the choices they make in their daily lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. 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A growing body of databased research proves that instructors' opinions impact their classroom actions and practices. This scenario stands established in different scenarios, but very little research focuses on teachers' and learners' cognition concerning L1 use in classroom settings; while some focus on beliefs and practices in Pakistan, little focus is at the college level. Cognition and belief of teachers regarding L1 use in the classroom and their peculiar practices influence their knowledge beliefs. This research used a Questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of language teachers about L1 use. After computations and analysis, the data is presented in a tabular shape and analyzed. At the same time, interviews are conducted to understand better the teaching creeds and reasons for the instructors' particular beliefs and practices. Twenty-two participants in this study were educators in different colleges in Pakistan who participated quantitatively; five of them were selected to investigate their opinions on bilingual cognition and their beliefs and practices of L1 usage in the classroom through interviews. The result shows that using L1 is very important and necessary for the smooth teaching/learning process and positively affects the learners, their psyches, attention span and motivation.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":92527076,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92527076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"40_Bilibgualism_L1_Use_Y.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92527076/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Teachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92527076/40_Bilibgualism_L1_Use_Y-libre.pdf?1665934261=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTeachers_Bilingual_Cognition_in_English.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=OIWROnna2bxCcL8qe0N2hj4yFNs61z0x4mQDn0ExdypyqGUZQdnjYGG3K~7rPopdqedGaPd~0bvzg1HuubqoCV49LXHawGy4pnK174zl-3fVkKz3M7N6he4Gr6pmHIVdjCznQBuUl2IY4xVfO5NmkT5xqZ06YfSFJb3dxQOpr5eVo7LVWISc~w2hoNvREFyktXsA6de0t1RLWBzVO0HyEjcthuuLSNABEdWKLQ~vp5XnJCJjyWKe7srd8dZGOkPuJEK0ibAUsHPEYAiCIAXXNTznyUSpoYB6ioSJAH0xJDW6hzdOFg7WB5ZIwlXXJ~0WdBrox7jhbWbS61vpFJ8f-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":236,"name":"Cognitive Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Psychology"},{"id":11658,"name":"Bilingual Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingual_Education"},{"id":827606,"name":"English As a Second Language (ESL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_As_a_Second_Language_ESL_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85765864"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85765864/An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90366842/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85765864/An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development">An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AyeshaKhan608">Sheeza Tufail</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain">Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Pakistan Social Sciences Review</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study examines the influence of social media on English vocabulary growth and motivation...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study examines the influence of social media on English <br />vocabulary  growth  and  motivation  enhancement  among  ESL <br />students  in  public  and  private  institutions  in  Pakistan.  This <br />study is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered <br />through  the  convenience  sampling  technique  by  using a <br />questionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of <br />four universities of Sialkot; two were from public  sector and two <br />from  private  sector.  Data  was  analyzed  through  SPSS by <br />measuring  percentage,  mean,  standard  deviation,  and<br />individual  t-test  to  demonstrate  the  gender  difference  in  the <br />participants'  views.  The  findings  revealed  that  social  media <br />stimulates language learning interest among English language <br />learners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the <br />ESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for <br />motivation  enhancement  and  vocabulary  development,  and <br />consequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6361c1a6e727c6530bbe7ca2a6fd3c3a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90366842,"asset_id":85765864,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90366842/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85765864"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85765864"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85765864; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85765864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85765864]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85765864; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85765864']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85765864, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6361c1a6e727c6530bbe7ca2a6fd3c3a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85765864]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85765864,"title":"An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examines the influence of social media on English \nvocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL \nstudents in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This \nstudy is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered \nthrough the convenience sampling technique by using a \nquestionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of \nfour universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two \nfrom private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by \nmeasuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and\nindividual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the \nparticipants' views. The findings revealed that social media \nstimulates language learning interest among English language \nlearners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the \nESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for \nmotivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and \nconsequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Pakistan Social Sciences Review"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines the influence of social media on English \nvocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL \nstudents in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This \nstudy is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered \nthrough the convenience sampling technique by using a \nquestionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of \nfour universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two \nfrom private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by \nmeasuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and\nindividual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the \nparticipants' views. The findings revealed that social media \nstimulates language learning interest among English language \nlearners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the \nESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for \nmotivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and \nconsequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85765864/An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-28T04:38:10.419-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":135561118,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":38732683,"work_id":85765864,"tagging_user_id":135561118,"tagged_user_id":104333863,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"i***b@gcwus.edu.pk","affiliation":"GC WOMEN UNIVERSITY","display_order":1,"name":"Dr. Iram Rubab Seyal","title":"An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development"},{"id":38732684,"work_id":85765864,"tagging_user_id":135561118,"tagged_user_id":3856896,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***r@hotmail.com","affiliation":"GC universty sailkot","display_order":2,"name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","title":"An Investigation of ESL Students' Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Development"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90366842,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90366842/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90366842/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90366842/article-libre.pdf?1661689844=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=YytaDq7dkYoPEBe1YLmS6RkQYzIAUDyyOyIIu3tHdmH57vhEEAra7xhRakp17IpD~T2DIH81FaG7GgWokbIF89RtllfxxkoavgM0A8VPI1P48jg-H5c3XDairGkhlFtN-C6ez9BCtLlYRqdT8o09-u7ZXjINjIROrHtG0IPVmiMgl--b3adrHuA~Oabyc1hh6pDFZ5rfFLVoq7C45Pxp4519yf0pD1xYUYvSFT5WTDLEhQSem0-5kW9PzxSixbV0oyNM0LDXAyEZlyXSrYpEgl6ud5ZmHFwN4PYCHuMdHzwVBBDE1a~DvvURbHzpvzUgEv9An8ikBgd7JoP9cRyWzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Perceptions_on_the_Use_of_Social_Networking_Applications_to_Increase_Motivation_and_Vocabulary_Development","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study examines the influence of social media on English \nvocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL \nstudents in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This \nstudy is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered \nthrough the convenience sampling technique by using a \nquestionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of \nfour universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two \nfrom private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by \nmeasuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and\nindividual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the \nparticipants' views. The findings revealed that social media \nstimulates language learning interest among English language \nlearners. s well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the \nESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for \nmotivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and \nconsequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.","owner":{"id":135561118,"first_name":"Sheeza","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Tufail","page_name":"AyeshaKhan608","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-11-16T20:20:56.552-08:00","display_name":"Sheeza Tufail","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AyeshaKhan608"},"attachments":[{"id":90366842,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90366842/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"article.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90366842/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90366842/article-libre.pdf?1661689844=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Investigation_of_ESL_Students_Percept.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=YytaDq7dkYoPEBe1YLmS6RkQYzIAUDyyOyIIu3tHdmH57vhEEAra7xhRakp17IpD~T2DIH81FaG7GgWokbIF89RtllfxxkoavgM0A8VPI1P48jg-H5c3XDairGkhlFtN-C6ez9BCtLlYRqdT8o09-u7ZXjINjIROrHtG0IPVmiMgl--b3adrHuA~Oabyc1hh6pDFZ5rfFLVoq7C45Pxp4519yf0pD1xYUYvSFT5WTDLEhQSem0-5kW9PzxSixbV0oyNM0LDXAyEZlyXSrYpEgl6ud5ZmHFwN4PYCHuMdHzwVBBDE1a~DvvURbHzpvzUgEv9An8ikBgd7JoP9cRyWzw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85226153"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226153/Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Comparative_English_Discourse_Development_in_Children_and_Adults_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Innate Human Discourse Features: A Comparative English Discourse Development in Children and Adults in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89989578/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226153/Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Comparative_English_Discourse_Development_in_Children_and_Adults_in_Pakistan">Innate Human Discourse Features: A Comparative English Discourse Development in Children and Adults in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study aims to explore how children&#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study aims to explore how children&#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult, problems related to the development of English discourse that children and adults face in Pakistan, and how to overcome them. A mixed-method approach is used in the study. The study sample comprised 150 adults and 150 children for the survey, and 25 adults and 25 children for interviews from 5 universities and five schools from Punjab province of Pakistan. The research has identified that children&#39;s English discourse is different from that of adults in terms of vocabulary, learning process, practice, and experience. The other significant findings are the problems like lack of grammatical knowledge and confidence, punctuation mistakes and medium switching, and solution to these problems such as providing a proper platform for the development of English discourse, using audio-visual method rather than the grammar-translation method, motivating students into developing proper English ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8443f8d36c18cac768dd4f6d2a181220" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89989578,"asset_id":85226153,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989578/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85226153"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85226153"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226153; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226153]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226153]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226153; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85226153']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85226153, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8443f8d36c18cac768dd4f6d2a181220" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85226153]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85226153,"title":"Innate Human Discourse Features: A Comparative English Discourse Development in Children and Adults in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study aims to explore how children\u0026#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult, problems related to the development of English discourse that children and adults face in Pakistan, and how to overcome them. 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The other significant findings are the problems like lack of grammatical knowledge and confidence, punctuation mistakes and medium switching, and solution to these problems such as providing a proper platform for the development of English discourse, using audio-visual method rather than the grammar-translation method, motivating students into developing proper English ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85226153/Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Comparative_English_Discourse_Development_in_Children_and_Adults_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-20T10:41:08.160-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3856896,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89989578,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89989578/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1599210197.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989578/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Compar.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89989578/1599210197-libre.pdf?1661018172=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInnate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Compar.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=Ol1ia3rKGjYWao-Wa4dPdFeiMi2RUhxBJsJ1m8otNXrQAcgepftQ7mx5hyOc913560PHpmyVrAHElOHzaQHF-22rer5Ty5y9xDvhc71~8ZUIfuMyda~skFJYId8LtT8fn-UCZ5zPBsay4XpiOMizxGANBphiNqsn6xJ~9v0FzSIbhiqZoUKNoBj81Oz6EU6rAFqDFeIWtGedZ3V-d3LnrjUEbyH0fokL83g0LsLUHfkUMaGPiSeJ0ErM~N1IEZYc92yMh41To5bdzphfJBNNcximSrf0JyiUzmoO21B8R8~X27ybSjPODmiPpfHtnlKFCtucy3Wh3pJOiJmcayryYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Comparative_English_Discourse_Development_in_Children_and_Adults_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The study aims to explore how children\u0026#39;s English discourse is different from that of an adult, problems related to the development of English discourse that children and adults face in Pakistan, and how to overcome them. A mixed-method approach is used in the study. The study sample comprised 150 adults and 150 children for the survey, and 25 adults and 25 children for interviews from 5 universities and five schools from Punjab province of Pakistan. The research has identified that children\u0026#39;s English discourse is different from that of adults in terms of vocabulary, learning process, practice, and experience. The other significant findings are the problems like lack of grammatical knowledge and confidence, punctuation mistakes and medium switching, and solution to these problems such as providing a proper platform for the development of English discourse, using audio-visual method rather than the grammar-translation method, motivating students into developing proper English ...","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":89989578,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89989578/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1599210197.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989578/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Innate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Compar.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89989578/1599210197-libre.pdf?1661018172=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInnate_Human_Discourse_Features_A_Compar.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=Ol1ia3rKGjYWao-Wa4dPdFeiMi2RUhxBJsJ1m8otNXrQAcgepftQ7mx5hyOc913560PHpmyVrAHElOHzaQHF-22rer5Ty5y9xDvhc71~8ZUIfuMyda~skFJYId8LtT8fn-UCZ5zPBsay4XpiOMizxGANBphiNqsn6xJ~9v0FzSIbhiqZoUKNoBj81Oz6EU6rAFqDFeIWtGedZ3V-d3LnrjUEbyH0fokL83g0LsLUHfkUMaGPiSeJ0ErM~N1IEZYc92yMh41To5bdzphfJBNNcximSrf0JyiUzmoO21B8R8~X27ybSjPODmiPpfHtnlKFCtucy3Wh3pJOiJmcayryYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":998,"name":"Language Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Education"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences"},{"id":5538,"name":"Discourse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse"}],"urls":[{"id":23163656,"url":"https://irss.academyirmbr.com/papers/1599210197.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85226152"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226152/A_critical_discourse_analysis_of_impact_of_code_switching_on_modern_adult_language_learners_motivation_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A critical discourse analysis of impact of code-switching on modern adult language learners’ motivation in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89989577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85226152/A_critical_discourse_analysis_of_impact_of_code_switching_on_modern_adult_language_learners_motivation_in_Pakistan">A critical discourse analysis of impact of code-switching on modern adult language learners’ motivation in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dil ve Dilbilimi Çalışmaları Dergisi</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This research yields a review on demotivation among students due to poor language skills resultin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This research yields a review on demotivation among students due to poor language skills resulting in less participation in classrooms. It provides code-switching, the alternating use of languages in the discourse, as a solution to this problem. It is mixed-method research in which the data was collected from university teachers and students on a survey. The study followed Fairclough's model of Critical Discourse Analysis and helped reach conclusions regarding the use of code-switching in classes. It finds out that our university teachers are already using code-switching in their classes to help reduce foreign language anxiety and motivate learners towards learning. The study also highlighted the possible harm code-switching may bring to the students: students suffer in the long run due to their reliance on the usage of code-switching, and this complete dependency ultimately results in poor language skills development. Thus, the study recommends that teachers be careful and judicious in the use of code-switching in classes and that too only in the initial phase of university education.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="81f84e0884f12266a529b6def1147adc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89989577,"asset_id":85226152,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989577/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85226152"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85226152"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226152; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226152]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85226152]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85226152; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85226152']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85226152, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "81f84e0884f12266a529b6def1147adc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85226152]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85226152,"title":"A critical discourse analysis of impact of code-switching on modern adult language learners’ motivation in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cognizance Research Associates","grobid_abstract":"This research yields a review on demotivation among students due to poor language skills resulting in less participation in classrooms. 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It provides code-switching, the alternating use of languages in the discourse, as a solution to this problem. It is mixed-method research in which the data was collected from university teachers and students on a survey. The study followed Fairclough's model of Critical Discourse Analysis and helped reach conclusions regarding the use of code-switching in classes. It finds out that our university teachers are already using code-switching in their classes to help reduce foreign language anxiety and motivate learners towards learning. The study also highlighted the possible harm code-switching may bring to the students: students suffer in the long run due to their reliance on the usage of code-switching, and this complete dependency ultimately results in poor language skills development. Thus, the study recommends that teachers be careful and judicious in the use of code-switching in classes and that too only in the initial phase of university education.","owner":{"id":3856896,"first_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hussain","page_name":"DrMuhammadSabboorHussain","domain_name":"gcwus","created_at":"2013-04-18T22:54:26.731-07:00","display_name":"Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain","url":"https://gcwus.academia.edu/DrMuhammadSabboorHussain"},"attachments":[{"id":89989577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89989577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"680.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89989577/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_critical_discourse_analysis_of_impact.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89989577/680-libre.pdf?1661018166=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_critical_discourse_analysis_of_impact.pdf\u0026Expires=1736450270\u0026Signature=Y1ol0kaE-A9awyYHY883SF99UGMvD0OCFl-YXipKYPBXrOAfWOo7IWNopASGNOLrMh0LG3iUw8yvEGCRwzta8By01X39~OmxD2pSCiIOGmVExoYaIpdn3tXaf8A6Spq92sVrfKJdmEI0h0nZpsal7rtZ3017O6R60KmoJSrc8gxeh~EnYs6lbxfVMRwQ0EmJmVcEnT5xZnvaJ-jZajnNLoOKyneWBBxEUmTj1--mZmMZGCFdeYmvpFlZgykPxBnIuIXZgEFI-BrmhnbM7GqJ13FxFrF9qrtnCBqESTB5w~7KxLf-AIt3mdWs1hzvci8p4oGZP7b4bO5zkZS773bIyA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":131779,"name":"Code Switching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Code_Switching"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75821705"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75821705/An_Exploration_of_Muhammadu_Bukhari_s_Socio_Political_Cognition_through_Stylistic_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Exploration of Muhammadu Bukhari’s Socio-Political Cognition through Stylistic Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83439815/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75821705/An_Exploration_of_Muhammadu_Bukhari_s_Socio_Political_Cognition_through_Stylistic_Analysis">An Exploration of Muhammadu Bukhari’s Socio-Political Cognition through Stylistic Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Political discourse is a recent but increasingly exciting field of study. The political discourse...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Political discourse is a recent but increasingly exciting field of study. The political discourse offers much scope for interdisciplinary research. This current study is a stylistic analysis of the Inaugural speech delivered by Nigerian President Muhammadu Bukhari in Abuja on 29th May 2015. The current study aims to signify the role of Stylistics in CDA to unleash socio-political cognition in speeches. This qualitative research owing to its interdisciplinary nature draws on stylistics and critical discourse analysis as well. Teun A. Van Dijk&#39;s socio-cognitive approach is used to analyze the mental models underlying linguistic structures made explicit through stylistic analysis. The stylistic analysis is conducted on lexical and grammatical levels, but cohesion and speech acts have also been highlighted in the findings and discussion part. The study explores how stylistic devices are used to create a rhetorical effect and how this effect qualifies for being persuasive. The stylis...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="eb705ef408a9c15769fb14eaafa16b2c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83439815,"asset_id":75821705,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83439815/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75821705"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75821705"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75821705; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75821705]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75821705]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75821705; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75821705']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75821705, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "eb705ef408a9c15769fb14eaafa16b2c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75821705]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75821705,"title":"An Exploration of Muhammadu Bukhari’s Socio-Political Cognition through Stylistic Analysis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Political discourse is a recent but increasingly exciting field of study. The political discourse offers much scope for interdisciplinary research. This current study is a stylistic analysis of the Inaugural speech delivered by Nigerian President Muhammadu Bukhari in Abuja on 29th May 2015. The current study aims to signify the role of Stylistics in CDA to unleash socio-political cognition in speeches. This qualitative research owing to its interdisciplinary nature draws on stylistics and critical discourse analysis as well. Teun A. Van Dijk\u0026#39;s socio-cognitive approach is used to analyze the mental models underlying linguistic structures made explicit through stylistic analysis. The stylistic analysis is conducted on lexical and grammatical levels, but cohesion and speech acts have also been highlighted in the findings and discussion part. The study explores how stylistic devices are used to create a rhetorical effect and how this effect qualifies for being persuasive. 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The data were based on the semi-structured interviews taken by ESL learners and teachers from Punjab, Pakistan. A purposive sample of 20 female ESL learners of various social backgrounds was selected to record their lived experiences of COVID-19, which transformed their cognition. Two male and three female ESL teachers, based on purposive sampling, were also selected to investigate the reasons for the cognitive transformation of ESL learners during the pandemic. The discursive themes were explored by codifying and interpreting the qualitative data. Findings revealed that contagion had promoted bizarre linguistic forms about socio-cultural and economic transformation, which generated the discourse of fear and equally affected learner’s cognition and learning process. Researchers use...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c69d9dbd81752611f6efb938341397de" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223718,"asset_id":75465720,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223718/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465720"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465720"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465720; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465720]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465720]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465720; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465720']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465720, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c69d9dbd81752611f6efb938341397de" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465720]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465720,"title":"Sudden Switch to Post-COVID-19 Online Classes and Cognitive Transformation of ESL Learners: Critical Analysis of Discourse of Fear","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study investigates how COVID-19 has transformed ESL learners\u0026#39; cognition due to the sudden shift from traditional classes to complete distant-virtual learning under the perpetual discourse of fear. 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Reading strategies aim to build vocabulary and help integrate the existing knowledge of the readers/learners with the new knowledge through analysis and critical reflection on textual form and content. The study covers four major types of strategies, namely basic differentiated strategies, metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and socio-affective strategies, to highlight their pedagogical value. The study opens up the research area of how these strategies are viewed as significant, which strategies the teachers and the students neglect, and how these strategies are influenced by pedagogical instructions and assessment and shape the participatory and transformative teaching/learning. It is recommended that all these strategies should be given due attention as they collectively involve orthographic recognition and processing through cognitive pa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f0c37132e811cf1ef492f908e02e01c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223724,"asset_id":75465719,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223724/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465719"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465719"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465719; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465719]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465719]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465719; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465719']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465719, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8f0c37132e811cf1ef492f908e02e01c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465719]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465719,"title":"A Review of Effective Reading Strategies to Teach Text Comprehension to Adult English Language Learners","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper reviews the reading strategies and their theoretical perspectives in reading comprehension inside/outside the classroom. 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This is in sharp contrast to ESL paradigm as is observed in Pakistan. It points out possible implications of interactive teaching with the contrastive analysis of EFL and ESL paradigms. Using mixed method research design, a survey from learners and teachers in Pakistan and KSA, observations and interviews, it finds out that most of EFL/ESL learners and teachers realize the importance of interactive teaching in optimizing language learning; however, there are certain administrative, psychological and social factors that discourage its application: too much stress on class discipline, the anxiety faced by the learners on their turn of speaking, and the negative social image of the language specially in the context of Saudi Arabia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a3be048ea14ec1c120b73ad3ece74074" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223728,"asset_id":75465718,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223728/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465718"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465718"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465718; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465718]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465718]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465718; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465718']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465718, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a3be048ea14ec1c120b73ad3ece74074" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465718]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465718,"title":"Interactive Teaching to EFL Learners in Saudi Arabia and ESL Learners in Pakistan: Issues and Implications","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study aims to explore how far interactive teaching can produce desirable learning outcomes in educational institutions in Saudi Arabia with EFL paradigm and no scope of social interlocutions in English language in most of the areas. 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Using mixed method research design, a survey from learners and teachers in Pakistan and KSA, observations and interviews, it finds out that most of EFL/ESL learners and teachers realize the importance of interactive teaching in optimizing language learning; however, there are certain administrative, psychological and social factors that discourage its application: too much stress on class discipline, the anxiety faced by the learners on their turn of speaking, and the negative social image of the language specially in the context of Saudi Arabia.","publisher":"Humanity Only - HO","publication_name":"Global Regional Review"},"translated_abstract":"The study aims to explore how far interactive teaching can produce desirable learning outcomes in educational institutions in Saudi Arabia with EFL paradigm and no scope of social interlocutions in English language in most of the areas. This is in sharp contrast to ESL paradigm as is observed in Pakistan. 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With this end in view, it investigates non-native EFL teachers’ beliefs in relation to adult learners’ beliefs in teaching grammar to university students in the Saudi Arabian EFL context. It finds out the harmony and disharmony between the teachers at the giving end and the taught at the receiving end to create a culture of awareness and to build a better teaching-learning environment. The study tries to fill the existing research gap as no previous research has tried to find out the solution to the problem from this angle. The main data collection tools are two five-point Likert-scale questionnaires, administered to 70 non-native EFL teachers and their 80 adult students. Teachers and learners have been selected based on stratified random sampling. Quantitative data have been analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The maj...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="86e7b13ee92e03219b39501bdec1d8d6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223726,"asset_id":75465717,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223726/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465717, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "86e7b13ee92e03219b39501bdec1d8d6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465717,"title":"Teachers’ Beliefs versus Learners’ Beliefs in Grammar Teaching: Harmonizing Teaching and Learning for Adult Learners’ Improved Proficiency in English","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study tends to explore the possible reforms to raise the proficiency level of the adult English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75465715"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75465715/Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Language_Learners_for_Professional_Colleges_An_Evaluation_of_Current_Placement_System"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83223725/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75465715/Preparing_Preparatory_Year_English_Language_Learners_for_Professional_Colleges_An_Evaluation_of_Current_Placement_System">Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Arab World English Journal</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for Gene...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for General Purposes for one year and English for Specific Purposes for six months)and the proposed one (both ESP and EGP for one year) in Preparatory Year Programme (PYP)in Qassim University. It starts with an assumption that if the students are placed on the medical or science track in level-1 instead of level-2, they can be better prepared for the professional colleges after studying ESP for a full year.The study uses quantitative research approach by analyzing the data statistically in a comprehensive way. The complete record of high school grades, Pre-PYP tests and the first semester results of 615 PYP students in the main branch have been thoroughly studied. Likewise, 50 medical male, 50 medical female, 50 science male and 50 science female students have been surveyed on the 5-point Likert scale with 10-items quantitative tool. Major finding is that existing system of placing the students on medical and science tracks in the 2 nd semester is better as the students get refined and polished due to the competition and hard work in the 1 st semester of PYP. They remain both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated that despite their low performance on the high school exams, aptitude test and entry test, they still have another chance of being placed on the medical track (the first choice of majority of the students). The study, nevertheless, recommends reforms in the existing system without changing it drastically.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0e09a61410ad8a86856150c34ed76793" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83223725,"asset_id":75465715,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83223725/download_file?st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNjQ0NjY3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75465715"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75465715"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465715; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465715]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75465715]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75465715; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75465715']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75465715, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0e09a61410ad8a86856150c34ed76793" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75465715]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75465715,"title":"Preparing Preparatory Year English Language Learners for Professional Colleges: An Evaluation of Current Placement System","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"AWEJ Group","grobid_abstract":"The present study aims to analyze the pros and cons of both the existing system (English for General Purposes for one year and English for Specific Purposes for six months)and the proposed one (both ESP and EGP for one year) in Preparatory Year Programme (PYP)in Qassim University. 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