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(PDF) Ozone Exposure Affects Memory in Newborn Rats
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{"work":{"id":122938147,"created_at":"2024-08-16T13:52:35.152-07:00","from_world_paper_id":258249792,"updated_at":"2025-02-02T17:08:28.001-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","ai_title_tag":"Ozone Exposure Affects Memory in Newborn Rats","grobid_abstract":"Air pollution is fully acknowledged to represent a major public health issue. Toxic environmental substances, such as ozone, interfere with prenatal development. Animals exposed to ozone (O 3) in utero develop biochemical and morphological alterations. This gas has been proven to decrease cognitive capacity in different species. In the present study, we assessed the possible alterations in memory and spatial learning in the offspring of female rats who were exposed to 1.0 ppm of O 3 embryonic development. Two instruments were used to evaluate possible alterations: the T-maze and a Skinner box. MAPK, ERK, pERK , and NR2B proteins, which are widely regarded as responsible for the learning process in the hippocampus and cortex, were also assessed by immunohistochemistry. We found that male rats exposed to O 3 in utero displayed a significant delay to reach the correct response using the spatial learning test as compared to the control group. The female rats exposed to O 3 showed a significant delay to reach the correct response as compared to the female control group in the Skinner box. We also found that while the male rats showed decrease in significant differences in the expression of NR2B, ERK and increase in MAPK. Females only showed increase in MAPK, pERK and decrease in ERK, when compared to their respective control group. It is possible that the deficits are associated to hormonal expression, inflammation and oxidative stress alterations. In summary, these results suggest that exposure to O 3 can interfere with prenatal development, resulting in learning and memory deficiencies in rats.","publication_date":"2019,,","publication_name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"117493379"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Prenatal Ozone Exposure Induces Memory Deficiencies in Newborns Rats","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [32300159]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":117493379,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><div class="ds-work-cover--blank-cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--blank-cover--title">Prenatal Ozone Exposure Induces Memory Deficiencies in Newborns Rats</div><div class="ds-work-cover--blank-cover--page-count">10 pages</div></div><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Prenatal Ozone Exposure Induces Memory Deficiencies in Newborns Rats</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32300159" href="https://unam.academia.edu/CarlosTres"><img alt="Profile image of Carlos Tres" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Carlos Tres</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">10 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 122938147; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=122938147"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Air pollution is fully acknowledged to represent a major public health issue. Toxic environmental substances, such as ozone, interfere with prenatal development. Animals exposed to ozone (O 3) in utero develop biochemical and morphological alterations. This gas has been proven to decrease cognitive capacity in different species. In the present study, we assessed the possible alterations in memory and spatial learning in the offspring of female rats who were exposed to 1.0 ppm of O 3 embryonic development. Two instruments were used to evaluate possible alterations: the T-maze and a Skinner box. MAPK, ERK, pERK , and NR2B proteins, which are widely regarded as responsible for the learning process in the hippocampus and cortex, were also assessed by immunohistochemistry. We found that male rats exposed to O 3 in utero displayed a significant delay to reach the correct response using the spatial learning test as compared to the control group. The female rats exposed to O 3 showed a significant delay to reach the correct response as compared to the female control group in the Skinner box. We also found that while the male rats showed decrease in significant differences in the expression of NR2B, ERK and increase in MAPK. Females only showed increase in MAPK, pERK and decrease in ERK, when compared to their respective control group. It is possible that the deficits are associated to hormonal expression, inflammation and oxidative stress alterations. In summary, these results suggest that exposure to O 3 can interfere with prenatal development, resulting in learning and memory deficiencies in rats.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":117493379,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/122938147/Prenatal_Ozone_Exposure_Induces_Memory_Deficiencies_in_Newborns_Rats"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":117493379,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/122938147/Prenatal_Ozone_Exposure_Induces_Memory_Deficiencies_in_Newborns_Rats"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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FIORE, G. DELL'OMO, G. BIGNAMI AND E. ALLEVA. Medium and long-term behavioraleffects in mice of extended gestational exposure to ozone. NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL 17(4) 463-470, 1995. -CD-1 mice were continuously exposed to ozone (0,) from 6 days before the formation of breeding pairs to Day 17 of pregnancy. The concentrations used were 0,0.2,0.4, and 0.6 ppm; the lowest-observed-effect levels for eye irritation and respiratory function are in the range of 0.08-0.2 ppm for both humans and animals (47). Ozone failed to produce significant effects on either reproductive performance, postnatal somatic and neurobehavioral development (as assessed by a Fox test battery) or adult motor activity (including within-session habituation). In social interaction tests performed in the pre-juvenile period (23-25 days) and the juvenile period (43-45 days), social response endpoints were not modified in 0, mice, but exploration and self-grooming showed concentration dependent effects (decrease and increase, respectively). Performance at 84-98 days in an eight-arm radial maze with water reinforcement was initially impaired in 0, mice, but the results were not entirely consistent; e.g., the data failed to show a concentration dependence of the effects. Overall, the data confirm previous results of an experiment with more limited exposure ] by showing that prenatal O9 exposure, even when extended to include a period before the start of pregnancy and the preimplantation phase, does not produce major or widespread somatic and neurobehavioral effects. Some of the results, however, point to subtle or borderline behavioral deficits which deserve to be considered both in further animal experiments and in the assessment of risk to developing humans. In fact, the latter are often exposed to O9 concentrations which exceed the lowest-observed-effect levels indicated above as well as those of the prolonged exposure guideline in WHO recommendations [O.OS-0.06 ppm ].</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Medium and long-term behavioral effects in mice of extended gestational exposure to ozone","attachmentId":48110252,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8396449/Medium_and_long_term_behavioral_effects_in_mice_of_extended_gestational_exposure_to_ozone","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8396449/Medium_and_long_term_behavioral_effects_in_mice_of_extended_gestational_exposure_to_ozone"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="8396442" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8396442/Neurobehavioral_development_of_CD1_mice_after_combined_gestational_and_postnatal_exposure_to_ozone">Neurobehavioral development of CD1 mice after combined gestational and postnatal exposure to ozone</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16931595" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Simonapetruzzi">Simona petruzzi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archives of Toxicology, 1995</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Outbred CD-1 mice were exposed continuously to ozone (O3, 0.6 ppm) from 6 days prior to the formation of breeding pairs to the time of weaning of the offspring on postnatal day 22 (PND 22) or to PND 26. One half of the mice in each of eight O3 and eight control litters were subjected on PND 24 to a 20-min open-field test after IP treatment by either saline or scopolamine (2 mg/kg). The remaining mice (those exposed until PND 26) were subjected on PNDs 28–31 to a conditioned place preference (CPP) test, using a short schedule with a single IP injection on PND 29 of either d-amphetamine (3.3 mg/kg) or saline. Subsequently, the saline mice of the open-field experiment were used on PND 59 for an activity test in one of the CPP apparatus compartments after IP treatment by either d-amphetamine (same dose) or saline. In addition, the saline mice of the CPP experiment underwent a multitrial, step-through passive avoidance (PA) acquisition test on PND 59 or 60, followed 24 h later by a single-trial retention test. In the absence of effects on reproductive performance (proportion of successful pregnancies, litter size, offspring viability, and sex ratio), O3 offspring showed a long-lasting reduction in body weight without modification of sex differences. Ozone effects on neurobehavioral development were not large and quite selective, including: attenuation of the sex differences in several responses (rearing and sniffing in the open-field, activity in the final CPP test session); a change in response choices in the final CPP test, in the absence of a main effect on conditioning; a reduction of grooming in the activity test on PND 29; and impairment of PA acquisition limited to the initial period of training.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neurobehavioral development of CD1 mice after combined gestational and postnatal exposure to ozone","attachmentId":48110234,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8396442/Neurobehavioral_development_of_CD1_mice_after_combined_gestational_and_postnatal_exposure_to_ozone","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8396442/Neurobehavioral_development_of_CD1_mice_after_combined_gestational_and_postnatal_exposure_to_ozone"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="50740045" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50740045/Effect_of_ozone_prenatal_exposure_on_postnatal_development_of_cerebellum">Effect of ozone prenatal exposure on postnatal development of cerebellum</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="112852760" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AAlfaroRodr%C3%ADguez">Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of ozone prenatal exposure on postnatal development of cerebellum","attachmentId":68611594,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50740045/Effect_of_ozone_prenatal_exposure_on_postnatal_development_of_cerebellum","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50740045/Effect_of_ozone_prenatal_exposure_on_postnatal_development_of_cerebellum"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="12967256" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12967256/Oxidative_Stress_Caused_by_Ozone_Exposure_Induces_Loss_of_Brain_Repair_in_the_Hippocampus_of_Adult_Rats">Oxidative Stress Caused by Ozone Exposure Induces Loss of Brain Repair in the Hippocampus of Adult Rats</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32356785" href="https://unam1.academia.edu/SelvaRivasArancibia">Selva Rivas-Arancibia</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32163956" href="https://unam1.academia.edu/RosalindaGuevaraGuzm%C3%A1n">Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Toxicological Sciences, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Oxidative Stress Caused by Ozone Exposure Induces Loss of Brain Repair in the Hippocampus of Adult Rats","attachmentId":45817687,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12967256/Oxidative_Stress_Caused_by_Ozone_Exposure_Induces_Loss_of_Brain_Repair_in_the_Hippocampus_of_Adult_Rats","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12967256/Oxidative_Stress_Caused_by_Ozone_Exposure_Induces_Loss_of_Brain_Repair_in_the_Hippocampus_of_Adult_Rats"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="32864168" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32864168/Chronic_exposure_to_low_doses_of_ozone_produces_a_state_of_oxidative_stress_and_blood_brain_barrier_damage_in_the_hippocampus_of_rat">Chronic exposure to low doses of ozone produces a state of oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier damage in the hippocampus of rat</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32356785" href="https://unam1.academia.edu/SelvaRivasArancibia">Selva Rivas-Arancibia</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Chronic exposure to low doses of ozone similar to a day of high pollution in Mexico City causes a state of oxidative stress. This produces a progressive neurodegeneration in hippocampus of rats exposed to the gas. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of chronic exposure on the changes in the blood-brain barrier in rats exposed to low doses of ozone. Method: each group received one of the following treatments, control group received air without ozone, and groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 received ozone doses of 0.25 ppm for 4 h daily during 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days respectively. Each group was processed to inmunohistochemical technique against of the following antibody: bloodbrain barrier, guanylyl cyclase, Iba-1, GFAP, NFκ-B, TNF-α. The results show that there is a correlation between the time exposure of ozone and the progressive damage, on the blood-brain barrier rupture, finally causing edema of endothelial cell, increase in guanylyl cyclase type 1, thickening of the processes and astrocytes foot, and an increase in the expression of factors NFκ-B and TNF-α at 30 and 60 days of exposure to this gas. All the above indicates that the chronic state of oxidative stress causes a neurodegeneration process, accompanied by disruption of the blood-brain barrier likely to occur in the Alzheimer's disease.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chronic exposure to low doses of ozone produces a state of oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier damage in the hippocampus of rat","attachmentId":53010513,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32864168/Chronic_exposure_to_low_doses_of_ozone_produces_a_state_of_oxidative_stress_and_blood_brain_barrier_damage_in_the_hippocampus_of_rat","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/32864168/Chronic_exposure_to_low_doses_of_ozone_produces_a_state_of_oxidative_stress_and_blood_brain_barrier_damage_in_the_hippocampus_of_rat"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="3193605" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3193605/Effects_of_ozone_exposure_in_rats_on_memory_and_levels_of_brain_and_pulmonary_superoxide_dismutase">Effects of ozone exposure in rats on memory and levels of brain and pulmonary superoxide dismutase</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3649273" href="https://uv-mx.academia.edu/FeerSandoval">Feer' Sandoval</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Environmental …, 1998</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Exposure to ozone results in increased production of free radicals, which causes oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of ozone exposure on memory and to correlate this with pulmonary and brain Cu/ Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Male Wistar rats were exposed for 4 h to one of the following ozone concentrations: 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 ppm. Subsequently, they were tested in a passive avoidance conditioning protocol to measure short and longterm memory. Motor activity was determined 1 and 24 h after ozone exposure. Cu/Zn SOD levels in the brain and pulmonary tissue were also measured. Rats exposed for 4 h to 0.2, 0.5, and 1 ppm ozone showed long-term memory deterioration and decreased motor activity, which was reversed 24 h later. Brain and pulmonary Cu/Zn SOD levels were increased in animals exposed to 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 ppm ozone doses, but decreased in animals exposed to 1 ppm ozone. The results suggest that ozone exposure affects long-term memory possibly in association oxidative stress.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effects of ozone exposure in rats on memory and levels of brain and pulmonary superoxide dismutase","attachmentId":50418511,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3193605/Effects_of_ozone_exposure_in_rats_on_memory_and_levels_of_brain_and_pulmonary_superoxide_dismutase","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3193605/Effects_of_ozone_exposure_in_rats_on_memory_and_levels_of_brain_and_pulmonary_superoxide_dismutase"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="110389350" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110389350/Ozone_induced_changes_in_oxidative_stress_parameters_in_brain_regions_of_adult_middle_age_and_senescent_Brown_Norway_rats">Ozone-induced changes in oxidative stress parameters in brain regions of adult, middle-age, and senescent Brown Norway rats</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="60830701" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UrmilaKodavanti">Urmila Kodavanti</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A critical part of community based human health risk assessment following chemical exposure is identifying sources of susceptibility. Life stage is one such susceptibility. A prototypic air pollutant, ozone (O3) induces dysfunction of the pulmonary, cardiac, and nervous systems. Long-term exposure may cause oxidative stress (OS). The current study explored age-related and subchronic O3-induced changes in OS in brain regions of rats. To build a comprehensive assessment of OS-related effects of O3, a tripartite approach was implemented focusing on 1) the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [NADPH Quinone oxidoreductase 1, NADH Ubiquinone reductase] 2) antioxidant homeostasis [total antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase] and 3) an assessment of oxidative damage [total aconitase and protein carbonyls]. Additionally, a neurobehavioral evaluation of motor activity was compared to these OS measures. Male Brown Norway rats (4, 12, and 24 months of age) were exposed to air or O3 (0.25 or 1 ppm) via inhalation for 6 h/day, 2 days per week for 13 weeks. A significant decrease in horizontal motor activity was noted only in 4-month old rats. Results on OS measures in frontal cortex (FC), cerebellum (CB), striatum (STR), and hippocampus (HIP) indicated life stage-related increases in ROS production, small decreases in antioxidant homeostatic mechanisms, a decrease in aconitase activity, and an increase in protein carbonyls. The effects of O3 exposure were brain area-specific, with the STR being more sensitive. Regarding life stage, the effects of O3 were greater in 4-month-old rats, which correlated with horizontal motor activity. These results indicate that OS may be increased in specific brain regions after subchronic O3 exposure, but the interactions between age and exposure along with their consequences on the brain require further investigation.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ozone-induced changes in oxidative stress parameters in brain regions of adult, middle-age, and senescent Brown Norway rats","attachmentId":108220839,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110389350/Ozone_induced_changes_in_oxidative_stress_parameters_in_brain_regions_of_adult_middle_age_and_senescent_Brown_Norway_rats","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110389350/Ozone_induced_changes_in_oxidative_stress_parameters_in_brain_regions_of_adult_middle_age_and_senescent_Brown_Norway_rats"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="21045333" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21045333/EFFECTS_OF_EARLY_POSTNATAL_EXPOSURE_TO_LOW_CONCENTRATIONS_OF_CARBON_MONOXIDE_ON_COGNITIVE_FUNCTIONS_IN_RATS">EFFECTS OF EARLY POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBON MONOXIDE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN RATS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42268486" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TommasoCassano">Tommaso Cassano</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pharmacological Research, 1999</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 75 and 150 ppm of carbon monoxide CO from day 1 after birth until postnatal day 10 and their cognitive functions were evaluated at 3 and 18 months of age. The results show that early postnatal exposure to CO does not affect the acquisition and reacquisition of an active avoidance task in both adult and aged rats.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EFFECTS OF EARLY POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBON MONOXIDE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN RATS","attachmentId":41687409,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21045333/EFFECTS_OF_EARLY_POSTNATAL_EXPOSURE_TO_LOW_CONCENTRATIONS_OF_CARBON_MONOXIDE_ON_COGNITIVE_FUNCTIONS_IN_RATS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/21045333/EFFECTS_OF_EARLY_POSTNATAL_EXPOSURE_TO_LOW_CONCENTRATIONS_OF_CARBON_MONOXIDE_ON_COGNITIVE_FUNCTIONS_IN_RATS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="66297892" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66297892/Prenatal_Exposure_to_Ozone_Disrupts_Cerebellar_Monoamine_Contents_In_Newborn_Rats">Prenatal Exposure to Ozone Disrupts Cerebellar Monoamine Contents In Newborn Rats</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="112852760" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AAlfaroRodr%C3%ADguez">Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Neurochemical Research, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ozone (O3) is widely distributed in environments with high levels of air pollution. Since cerebellar morphologic disruptions have been reported with prenatal O3 exposure, O3 may have an effect on some neurotransmitter systems, such as monoamines. In order to test this hypothesis, we used 60 male rats taken from either, mothers exposed to 1 ppm of O3 during the entire pregnancy,</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Prenatal Exposure to Ozone Disrupts Cerebellar Monoamine Contents In Newborn Rats","attachmentId":77546255,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66297892/Prenatal_Exposure_to_Ozone_Disrupts_Cerebellar_Monoamine_Contents_In_Newborn_Rats","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/66297892/Prenatal_Exposure_to_Ozone_Disrupts_Cerebellar_Monoamine_Contents_In_Newborn_Rats"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="5812107" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5812107/Brain_noradrenaline_changes_in_rats_prenatally_exposed_to_ozone">Brain noradrenaline changes in rats prenatally exposed to ozone</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8530858" href="https://utel.academia.edu/EdithGonz%C3%A1lez">Edith González</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In the present study we considered the possible impairment of developmental noradrenergic maturity of the cerebellum, cerebral cortex and pons at 10-, 20-and 30-day-old rats arising from mothers subjected to 1 ppm ozone concentration during pregnancy. The noradrenaline concentration was found to be significantly reduced in the cerebellum during the study, while in the cerebral cortex and the pons it was found to be reduced at days 10 and 30 respectively as compared to controls. We concluded that prenatal exposure of 1.0 ppm ozone causes embryonic/fetal changes manifested in postnatal levels of noradrenaline concentrations in the brains of rats.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Brain noradrenaline changes in rats prenatally exposed to ozone","attachmentId":49128230,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5812107/Brain_noradrenaline_changes_in_rats_prenatally_exposed_to_ozone","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5812107/Brain_noradrenaline_changes_in_rats_prenatally_exposed_to_ozone"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":117493379,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":117493379,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_117493379" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="52839230" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52839230/Effects_of_early_life_exposure_to_traffic_related_air_pollution_on_brain_development_in_juvenile_Sprague_Dawley_rats">Effects of early life exposure to traffic-related air pollution on brain development in juvenile Sprague-Dawley rats</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35988724" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PamelaLein">Pamela Lein</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Translational Psychiatry</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effects of early life exposure to traffic-related air pollution on brain development in juvenile Sprague-Dawley rats","attachmentId":69909288,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52839230/Effects_of_early_life_exposure_to_traffic_related_air_pollution_on_brain_development_in_juvenile_Sprague_Dawley_rats","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52839230/Effects_of_early_life_exposure_to_traffic_related_air_pollution_on_brain_development_in_juvenile_Sprague_Dawley_rats"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="112054598" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/112054598/Prenatal_exposure_to_diesel_exhaust_particles_causes_anxiety_spatial_memory_disorders_with_alters_expression_of_hippocampal_pro_inflammatory_cytokines_and_NMDA_receptor_subunits_in_adult_male_mice_offspring">Prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust particles causes anxiety, spatial memory disorders with alters expression of hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokines and NMDA receptor 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="105452036" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105452036/How_air_pollution_alters_brain_development_the_role_of_neuroinflammation">How air pollution alters brain development: the role of neuroinflammation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="18560195" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmedeoDAngiulli">Amedeo D'Angiulli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Translational Neuroscience, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"How air 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