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-webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Western blot</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">421 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Western blot</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Western_blot">People</a></li></ul></div><style 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Subjects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthy_Subjects?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1195987,"name":"Laboratory Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Tests?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73284106" data-work_id="73284106" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73284106/Evaluation_of_a_Western_Blot_Method_for_the_Detection_of_Yersinia_Antibodies_Evidence_of_Serological_Cross_Reactivity_between_Yersinia_Outer_Membrane_Proteins_and_Borrelia_burgdorferi">Evaluation of a Western Blot Method for the Detection of Yersinia Antibodies: Evidence of Serological Cross-Reactivity between Yersinia Outer Membrane Proteins and Borrelia burgdorferi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis have been identified as causative organisms of reactive arthritis in humans. We evaluated a Western blot assay which uses Yersinia outer membrane proteins as antigens for the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73284106" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis have been identified as causative organisms of reactive arthritis in humans. We evaluated a Western blot assay which uses Yersinia outer membrane proteins as antigens for the detection of Yersinia antibodies as a replacement for the complement fixation (CF) assay. Clinical agreement, sensitivity, and specificity were determined by testing 19 positive and 21 negative serum samples by the CF assay, Western blot assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CF assay and ELISA were compared to the Western blot assay, which was the reference method used in this study. Sera with antibodies that could potentially cross-react with Yersinia were also tested by the Western blot assay. The agreement, sensitivity, and specificity of the CF method were 61%, 26%, and 95%, respectively; and those for the ELISA were 89%, 95%, and 82%, respectively. The prevalences of Yersinia antibodies in 50 healthy donors were 6% for immunoglobul...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73284106" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c7c73a330ba78ab641e93ee8bfd8c7ba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81863697,"asset_id":73284106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81863697/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140511393" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Berkta%C5%9FMustafa">Mustafa Berktaş</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140511393" type="text/json">{"id":140511393,"first_name":"Mustafa","last_name":"Berktaş","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BerktaşMustafa","display_name":"Mustafa Berktaş","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Berkta%C5%9FMustafa?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73284106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73284106"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73284106, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73284106", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73284106]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73284106").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73284106").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73284106"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1290" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology">Immunology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1290" type="text/json">{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34107" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlamydia_pneumoniae">Chlamydia pneumoniae</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34107" type="text/json">{"id":34107,"name":"Chlamydia pneumoniae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlamydia_pneumoniae?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73284106]'), work: {"id":73284106,"title":"Evaluation of a Western Blot Method for the Detection of Yersinia Antibodies: Evidence of Serological Cross-Reactivity between Yersinia Outer Membrane Proteins and Borrelia burgdorferi","created_at":"2022-03-07T20:07:18.353-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73284106/Evaluation_of_a_Western_Blot_Method_for_the_Detection_of_Yersinia_Antibodies_Evidence_of_Serological_Cross_Reactivity_between_Yersinia_Outer_Membrane_Proteins_and_Borrelia_burgdorferi?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_73284106","summary":"Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis have been identified as causative organisms of reactive arthritis in humans. We evaluated a Western blot assay which uses Yersinia outer membrane proteins as antigens for the detection of Yersinia antibodies as a replacement for the complement fixation (CF) assay. Clinical agreement, sensitivity, and specificity were determined by testing 19 positive and 21 negative serum samples by the CF assay, Western blot assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CF assay and ELISA were compared to the Western blot assay, which was the reference method used in this study. Sera with antibodies that could potentially cross-react with Yersinia were also tested by the Western blot assay. The agreement, sensitivity, and specificity of the CF method were 61%, 26%, and 95%, respectively; and those for the ELISA were 89%, 95%, and 82%, respectively. The prevalences of Yersinia antibodies in 50 healthy donors were 6% for immunoglobul...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81863697,"asset_id":73284106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140511393,"first_name":"Mustafa","last_name":"Berktaş","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BerktaşMustafa","display_name":"Mustafa Berktaş","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Berkta%C5%9FMustafa?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":34107,"name":"Chlamydia pneumoniae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlamydia_pneumoniae?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western 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Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36103397" data-work_id="36103397" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36103397/Phorbol_esters_induce_translocation_of_the_nPKC_p105_to_membrane_in_mussel_hemocytes">Phorbol esters induce translocation of the nPKC p105 to membrane in mussel hemocytes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Previous works revealed the presence of the nPKC enzyme p105 in hemocytes of M. galloprovincialis Lmk. Specific mussel antibodies were obtained from mouse and used in confocal microscopy and Western blotting. These techniques allowed the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36103397" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Previous works revealed the presence of the nPKC enzyme p105 in hemocytes of M. galloprovincialis Lmk. Specific mussel antibodies were obtained from mouse and used in confocal microscopy and Western blotting. These techniques allowed the observation of p105 cytosol-to-membrane translocation induced by TPA for the first time in hemocytes of molluscs. The incubation of mussel immune cells with TPA for longer than 30 min also triggered a down-regulation process. Mussel hemocytes are an excellent model to study the molecular processes of innate immunity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36103397" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bdd83d912ca524746a484eb50ffa1e88" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55994478,"asset_id":36103397,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55994478/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50146524" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LCastroMercado">Luis Gabriel Castro Mercado</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50146524" type="text/json">{"id":50146524,"first_name":"Luis Gabriel","last_name":"Castro Mercado","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LCastroMercado","display_name":"Luis Gabriel Castro Mercado","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LCastroMercado?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50146524/27149694/25556896/s65_luis_gabriel.castro_mercado.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36103397 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36103397"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36103397, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36103397", }); 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Specific mussel antibodies were obtained from mouse and used in confocal microscopy and Western blotting. These techniques allowed the observation of p105 cytosol-to-membrane translocation induced by TPA for the first time in hemocytes of molluscs. The incubation of mussel immune cells with TPA for longer than 30 min also triggered a down-regulation process. Mussel hemocytes are an excellent model to study the molecular processes of innate immunity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55994478,"asset_id":36103397,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50146524,"first_name":"Luis Gabriel","last_name":"Castro Mercado","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LCastroMercado","display_name":"Luis Gabriel Castro Mercado","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LCastroMercado?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50146524/27149694/25556896/s65_luis_gabriel.castro_mercado.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":18533,"name":"Confocal Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Microscopy?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":24706,"name":"Innate immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western 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Cellular Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_and_Cellular_Biochemistry?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1310183,"name":"Phorbol ester","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phorbol_ester?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1457054,"name":"Protein Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Transport?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=462111"},{"id":2039739,"name":"Down-Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Down-Regulation?f_ri=462111"},{"id":2468093,"name":"Cell Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Membrane?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31990488" data-work_id="31990488" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31990488/Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Exercise_Performance_Related_to_Immune_Dysfunction">Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Exercise Performance Related to Immune Dysfunction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31990488" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="68d1f7547314eba09a76974f9e42865f" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":61928491,"first_name":"Kenny","last_name":"Meirleir","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KennyMeirleir","display_name":"Kenny Meirleir","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KennyMeirleir?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31990488 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31990488"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31990488, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31990488", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31990488 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31990488; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31990488"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31990488 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31990488"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31990488; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31990488]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31990488").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31990488").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31990488"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">28</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1517" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise_Physiology">Exercise Physiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1517" type="text/json">{"id":1517,"name":"Exercise Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise_Physiology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6599" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry">Flow Cytometry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6599" type="text/json">{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17804" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome">Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17804" type="text/json">{"id":17804,"name":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49905" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport">Sport</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49905" type="text/json">{"id":49905,"name":"Sport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31990488]'), work: {"id":31990488,"title":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Exercise Performance Related to 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Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":49905,"name":"Sport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":61243,"name":"Medicine Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine_Science?f_ri=462111"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111"},{"id":69424,"name":"Protein Kinases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Kinases?f_ri=462111"},{"id":93922,"name":"Nitric oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitric_oxide?f_ri=462111"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=462111"},{"id":103298,"name":"Blood sampling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_sampling?f_ri=462111"},{"id":131298,"name":"Heart rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_rate?f_ri=462111"},{"id":131299,"name":"Oxygen Uptake","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen_Uptake?f_ri=462111"},{"id":135185,"name":"Exercise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise?f_ri=462111"},{"id":292189,"name":"Stress Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Testing?f_ri=462111"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=462111"},{"id":380825,"name":"Oxygen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen?f_ri=462111"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=462111"},{"id":401986,"name":"Protein Kinase R","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Kinase_R?f_ri=462111"},{"id":406051,"name":"Regression Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Model?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":484415,"name":"Multiple regression analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiple_regression_analysis?f_ri=462111"},{"id":851862,"name":"Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fibromyalgia_and_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome?f_ri=462111"},{"id":966020,"name":"Cross sectional Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_sectional_Study?f_ri=462111"},{"id":992395,"name":"Medicine and Science In Sports and Exercise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine_and_Science_In_Sports_and_Exercise?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1029284,"name":"Enzymatic Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzymatic_Activity?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1146831,"name":"Exercise Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise_Test?f_ri=462111"},{"id":2204559,"name":"Respiratory exchange ratio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Respiratory_exchange_ratio?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5229650" data-work_id="5229650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5229650/Transmission_of_human_hepatitis_C_virus_from_patients_in_secondary_cells_for_long_term_culture">Transmission of human hepatitis C virus from patients in secondary cells for long term culture</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Infection by human hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the principal cause of post-transfusion hepatitis and chronic liver diseases worldwide. A reliable in vitro culture system for the isolation and analysis of this virus is not currently... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5229650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Infection by human hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the principal cause of post-transfusion hepatitis and chronic liver diseases worldwide. A reliable in vitro culture system for the isolation and analysis of this virus is not currently available, and, as a consequence, HCV pathogenesis is poorly understood. We report here the first robust in vitro system for the isolation and propagation of HCV from infected donor blood. This system involves infecting freshly prepared macrophages with HCV and then transmission of macrophage-adapted virus into freshly immortalized B-cells from human fetal cord blood. Using this system, newly isolated HCV have been replicated in vitro in continuous cultures for over 130 weeks. These isolates were also transmitted by cell-free methods into different cell types, including B-cells, T-cells and neuronal precursor cells. These secondarily infected cells also produced in vitro transmissible infectious virus. Replication of HCV-RNA was validated by RT-PCR analysis and by in situ hybridization. Although nucleic acid sequencing of the HCV isolate reported here indicates that the isolate is probably of type 1a, other HCV types have also been isolated using this system. Western blot analysis shows the synthesis of major HCV structural proteins. We present here, for the first time, a method for productively growing HCV in vitro for prolonged periods of time. This method allows studies related to understanding the replication process, viral pathogenesis, and the development of anti-HCV drugs and vaccines.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5229650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="046d74beee36137f9d0cc42977dded95" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49390908,"asset_id":5229650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49390908/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7137554" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NickolasChelyapov">Nickolas Chelyapov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7137554" type="text/json">{"id":7137554,"first_name":"Nickolas","last_name":"Chelyapov","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NickolasChelyapov","display_name":"Nickolas Chelyapov","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NickolasChelyapov?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5229650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5229650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5229650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5229650", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5229650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5229650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5229650"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5229650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5229650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5229650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5229650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5229650").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5229650").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5229650"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3642" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stem_Cells">Stem Cells</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3642" type="text/json">{"id":3642,"name":"Stem Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stem_Cells?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8089" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology">Virology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8089" type="text/json">{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5229650]'), work: {"id":5229650,"title":"Transmission of human hepatitis C virus from patients in secondary cells for long term culture","created_at":"2013-11-26T07:12:50.678-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5229650/Transmission_of_human_hepatitis_C_virus_from_patients_in_secondary_cells_for_long_term_culture?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_5229650","summary":"Infection by human hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the principal cause of post-transfusion hepatitis and chronic liver diseases worldwide. A reliable in vitro culture system for the isolation and analysis of this virus is not currently available, and, as a consequence, HCV pathogenesis is poorly understood. We report here the first robust in vitro system for the isolation and propagation of HCV from infected donor blood. This system involves infecting freshly prepared macrophages with HCV and then transmission of macrophage-adapted virus into freshly immortalized B-cells from human fetal cord blood. Using this system, newly isolated HCV have been replicated in vitro in continuous cultures for over 130 weeks. These isolates were also transmitted by cell-free methods into different cell types, including B-cells, T-cells and neuronal precursor cells. These secondarily infected cells also produced in vitro transmissible infectious virus. Replication of HCV-RNA was validated by RT-PCR analysis and by in situ hybridization. Although nucleic acid sequencing of the HCV isolate reported here indicates that the isolate is probably of type 1a, other HCV types have also been isolated using this system. Western blot analysis shows the synthesis of major HCV structural proteins. We present here, for the first time, a method for productively growing HCV in vitro for prolonged periods of time. This method allows studies related to understanding the replication process, viral pathogenesis, and the development of anti-HCV drugs and vaccines.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49390908,"asset_id":5229650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7137554,"first_name":"Nickolas","last_name":"Chelyapov","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NickolasChelyapov","display_name":"Nickolas Chelyapov","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NickolasChelyapov?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":3642,"name":"Stem Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stem_Cells?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":17491,"name":"Macrophages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages?f_ri=462111"},{"id":27385,"name":"Hepatitis C","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatitis_C?f_ri=462111"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111"},{"id":88839,"name":"Cord Blood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cord_Blood?f_ri=462111"},{"id":140320,"name":"Hepatitis C Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatitis_C_Virus?f_ri=462111"},{"id":193974,"name":"Neurons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurons?f_ri=462111"},{"id":280237,"name":"T lymphocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/T_lymphocytes?f_ri=462111"},{"id":413750,"name":"In vitro culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/In_vitro_culture?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":678853,"name":"B Lymphocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/B_Lymphocytes?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1002079,"name":"Continuous Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continuous_Culture?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1255525,"name":"Chronic Liver Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Liver_Disease?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8919983" data-work_id="8919983" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8919983/In_vivo_EPR_spectroscopy_biomedical_and_potential_diagnostic_applications">In vivo EPR spectroscopy: biomedical and potential diagnostic applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8919983" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3870aa054c605e30c05ea4c05e27d1ef" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47953928,"asset_id":8919983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm 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Smith","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SamSmith84?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8919983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8919983"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8919983, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8919983", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8919983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8919983; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8919983"); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EPR_Spectroscopy">EPR Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37780" type="text/json">{"id":37780,"name":"EPR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EPR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71437" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liver">Liver</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71437" type="text/json">{"id":71437,"name":"Liver","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liver?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8919983]'), work: {"id":8919983,"title":"In vivo EPR spectroscopy: biomedical and potential diagnostic 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Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EPR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":71437,"name":"Liver","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liver?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=462111"},{"id":87141,"name":"Septic Shock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Septic_Shock?f_ri=462111"},{"id":93922,"name":"Nitric oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitric_oxide?f_ri=462111"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=462111"},{"id":203765,"name":"Diagnostic Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diagnostic_Imaging?f_ri=462111"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme?f_ri=462111"},{"id":335983,"name":"Lipopolysaccharides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipopolysaccharides?f_ri=462111"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":951639,"name":"Murine Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Murine_Model?f_ri=462111"},{"id":952991,"name":"Spectroscopic Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopic_Techniques?f_ri=462111"},{"id":981291,"name":"Brain Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_Chemistry?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1193624,"name":"Oxygen Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen_Consumption?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27424592" data-work_id="27424592" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27424592/Intratumoral_T_Cell_Infiltrates_and_MHC_Class_I_Expression_in_Patients_with_Stage_IV_Melanoma">Intratumoral T-Cell Infiltrates and MHC Class I Expression in Patients with Stage IV Melanoma</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27424592" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51551620" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlexanderKnuth">Alexander Knuth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51551620" type="text/json">{"id":51551620,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Knuth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlexanderKnuth","display_name":"Alexander Knuth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlexanderKnuth?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27424592 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27424592"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27424592, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27424592", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27424592 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27424592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27424592").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27424592").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27424592"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6021" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer">Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6021" type="text/json">{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11298" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins">Membrane Proteins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11298" type="text/json">{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12071" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12071" type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14832142/Alendronate_affects_calcium_dynamics_in_cardiomyocytes_in_vitro">Alendronate affects calcium dynamics in cardiomyocytes in vitro</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14832142" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="54778ed19f01c9ffd37d16360d824d7e" rel="nofollow" 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3381861/Purification_and_Characterization_of_Human_Cell_Cell_Adhesion_Molecule_1_C_CAM1_Expressed_in_Insect_Cells">Purification and Characterization of Human Cell-Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (C-CAM1) Expressed in Insect Cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The cell-cell adhesion molecule 1 (C-CAM1) plays an important role as a tumor suppressor for prostate cancer. Decreased expression of C-CAM1 was detected in prostate, breast, and colon carcinoma. Reexpression of C-CAM1 in prostate and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3381861" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The cell-cell adhesion molecule 1 (C-CAM1) plays an important role as a tumor suppressor for prostate cancer. Decreased expression of C-CAM1 was detected in prostate, breast, and colon carcinoma. Reexpression of C-CAM1 in prostate and breast cancer cell lines was able to suppress tumorigenicity in vivo. These observations suggest that C-CAM1 may be used as a marker for cancer detection or diagnosis. To generate monoclonal antibodies specific to C-CAM1, we have overexpressed full-length human C-CAM1 in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus expression system. The protein was purified 104-fold using nickel affinity chromatography. About 0.4 mg purified C-CAM1 was obtained from 200 mg of infected cells. When the purified protein was digested with peptidyl-N-glycosidase, the apparent mobility of the protein on SDS-PAGE changed from 90 to 58 kDa, which is close to the molecular weight predicted from the cloned cDNA sequence. This observation suggests that C-CAM1 was glycosylated on asparagine residues when expressed in Sf9 cells. Western blotting and internal protein sequencing analysis confirmed that the purified protein is human C-CAM1. Biochemical and functional assays indicate that this protein expressed in Sf9 cells displays characteristics similar to those of native protein, including adhesion function and glycosylation modification. Using this protocol, sufficient quantity of this protein can be produced with purity suitable for monoclonal antibody generation and biochemical study.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3381861" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bac99deb96e33deff3268c45e86716ef" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50307849,"asset_id":3381861,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50307849/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3933067" href="https://uni-frankfurt.academia.edu/AndreasReichert">Andreas Reichert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3933067" type="text/json">{"id":3933067,"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Reichert","domain_name":"uni-frankfurt","page_name":"AndreasReichert","display_name":"Andreas Reichert","profile_url":"https://uni-frankfurt.academia.edu/AndreasReichert?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3933067/1468416/1793374/s65_andreas.reichert.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3381861 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3381861"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3381861, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3381861", }); 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Decreased expression of C-CAM1 was detected in prostate, breast, and colon carcinoma. Reexpression of C-CAM1 in prostate and breast cancer cell lines was able to suppress tumorigenicity in vivo. These observations suggest that C-CAM1 may be used as a marker for cancer detection or diagnosis. To generate monoclonal antibodies specific to C-CAM1, we have overexpressed full-length human C-CAM1 in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus expression system. The protein was purified 104-fold using nickel affinity chromatography. About 0.4 mg purified C-CAM1 was obtained from 200 mg of infected cells. When the purified protein was digested with peptidyl-N-glycosidase, the apparent mobility of the protein on SDS-PAGE changed from 90 to 58 kDa, which is close to the molecular weight predicted from the cloned cDNA sequence. This observation suggests that C-CAM1 was glycosylated on asparagine residues when expressed in Sf9 cells. Western blotting and internal protein sequencing analysis confirmed that the purified protein is human C-CAM1. Biochemical and functional assays indicate that this protein expressed in Sf9 cells displays characteristics similar to those of native protein, including adhesion function and glycosylation modification. Using this protocol, sufficient quantity of this protein can be produced with purity suitable for monoclonal antibody generation and biochemical study.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50307849,"asset_id":3381861,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3933067,"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Reichert","domain_name":"uni-frankfurt","page_name":"AndreasReichert","display_name":"Andreas Reichert","profile_url":"https://uni-frankfurt.academia.edu/AndreasReichert?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3933067/1468416/1793374/s65_andreas.reichert.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12980,"name":"Prostate Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostate_Cancer?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":194828,"name":"Nickel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nickel?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":201241,"name":"Affinity chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affinity_chromatography?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":295729,"name":"Protein expression and purification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_expression_and_purification?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":300829,"name":"Protein Sequence Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Sequence_Analysis?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":501806,"name":"Protein Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Expression?f_ri=462111"},{"id":695018,"name":"Molecular weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_weight?f_ri=462111"},{"id":766014,"name":"Monoclonal Antibody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monoclonal_Antibody?f_ri=462111"},{"id":936268,"name":"Colon Carcinoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colon_Carcinoma?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1556410,"name":"Full Length Movies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Full_Length_Movies?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1780240,"name":"Breast Cancer Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breast_Cancer_Cells?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7157827" data-work_id="7157827" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7157827/Overexpression_of_11%CE%B2_Hydroxysteroid_Dehydrogenase_Type_1_in_Hepatic_and_Visceral_Adipose_Tissue_is_Associated_with_Metabolic_Disorders_in_Morbidly_Obese_Patients">Overexpression of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Hepatic and Visceral Adipose Tissue is Associated with Metabolic Disorders in Morbidly Obese Patients</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background The enzyme 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) catalyzes intracellular glucocorticoid reactivation by conversion of cortisone to cortisol in different tissues and have been implicated in several metabolic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7157827" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background The enzyme 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) catalyzes intracellular glucocorticoid reactivation by conversion of cortisone to cortisol in different tissues and have been implicated in several metabolic disorders associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 11β-HSD1 expression in liver, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and its correlations with clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables. Methods A prospective study was conducted over a 27-month period. Hepatic, VAT, and SAT samples were obtained at the time of surgery. 11β-HSD1 and 18S gene expression was measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results Forty nine patients met the inclusion criteria [mean age: 42.2 ± 10 years, body mass index (BMI): 42 ± 6 kg/m2, 71% women and 63% with metabolic syndrome (MS)]. 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels were higher in liver than fat tissue (p < 0.001), being higher in SAT than in VAT (p < 0.001) without gender-specific differences. Hepatic expression of 11β-HSD1 correlated positively with SAT and VAT, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and serum glucose and was inversely associated with BMI. 11β-HSD1 mRNA in VAT correlated positively with insulinemia, ALT, and LDL cholesterol. There were no associations between 11β-HSD1 mRNA in SAT and the variables analyzed. Conclusions 11β-HSD1 expression is higher in liver in comparison to adipose tissue in obese patients. The observed correlations between hepatic and VAT 11β-HSD1 expression with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance suggest that this enzyme might have a pathogenic role in obesity and related metabolic disorders.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7157827" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e8e706f357b67886e98e406232cb159f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48577516,"asset_id":7157827,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48577516/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12366896" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MauricioMorales9">Mauricio Morales</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12366896" type="text/json">{"id":12366896,"first_name":"Mauricio","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MauricioMorales9","display_name":"Mauricio Morales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MauricioMorales9?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7157827 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7157827"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7157827, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7157827", }); 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The aim of this study was to evaluate the 11β-HSD1 expression in liver, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and its correlations with clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables. Methods A prospective study was conducted over a 27-month period. Hepatic, VAT, and SAT samples were obtained at the time of surgery. 11β-HSD1 and 18S gene expression was measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results Forty nine patients met the inclusion criteria [mean age: 42.2 ± 10 years, body mass index (BMI): 42 ± 6 kg/m2, 71% women and 63% with metabolic syndrome (MS)]. 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels were higher in liver than fat tissue (p \u003c 0.001), being higher in SAT than in VAT (p \u003c 0.001) without gender-specific differences. Hepatic expression of 11β-HSD1 correlated positively with SAT and VAT, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and serum glucose and was inversely associated with BMI. 11β-HSD1 mRNA in VAT correlated positively with insulinemia, ALT, and LDL cholesterol. There were no associations between 11β-HSD1 mRNA in SAT and the variables analyzed. Conclusions 11β-HSD1 expression is higher in liver in comparison to adipose tissue in obese patients. The observed correlations between hepatic and VAT 11β-HSD1 expression with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance suggest that this enzyme might have a pathogenic role in obesity and related metabolic disorders.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48577516,"asset_id":7157827,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12366896,"first_name":"Mauricio","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MauricioMorales9","display_name":"Mauricio Morales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MauricioMorales9?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":648,"name":"Bariatric Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bariatric_Surgery?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":3851,"name":"Obesity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obesity?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene 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in Hypoxia: Role for Xanthine Oxidoreductase and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13212202" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="babf6eb6e6b51e264ceb0cce4663ca2e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45587628,"asset_id":13212202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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of downregulation of survivin expression on radiosensitivity of human epidermoid carcinoma cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23999384" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f51054fcaa694c321be449bded5fbbe5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44385112,"asset_id":23999384,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="140107" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinase_inhibitor">Kinase inhibitor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="140107" type="text/json">{"id":140107,"name":"Kinase inhibitor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinase_inhibitor?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23999384]'), work: {"id":23999384,"title":"Effect of downregulation of survivin expression on radiosensitivity of human epidermoid carcinoma 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href="https://www.academia.edu/16832094/Crystal_Growth_in_Dental_Enamel_the_Role_of_Amelogenins_and_Albumin">Crystal Growth in Dental Enamel: the Role of Amelogenins and Albumin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Amelogenin-mineral interactions were investigated using an in vitro binding approach. Rat incisor enamel matrix proteins (mainly amelogenins) were dissolved in synthetic enamel fluid and allowed to equilibrate with deproteinised... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16832094" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Amelogenin-mineral interactions were investigated using an in vitro binding approach. Rat incisor enamel matrix proteins (mainly amelogenins) were dissolved in synthetic enamel fluid and allowed to equilibrate with deproteinised developing enamel crystals. The results showed that amlogenin proteins of 21, 23, 24, 26 and 27-kDa (corresponding to nascent and partially degraded amelogenins) were associated with the crystals whilst the lower Mr amelogenins (&amp;lt; 21 KDa) remained free in the synthetic enamel fluid. These data suggest the nascent and partially degraded amelogenins may interact with developing enamel crystals and could influence their growth. Albumin-mineral interactions were investigated by extracting developing rat incisor enamel with synthetic enamel fluid. Insoluble material (including the enamel crystals) was then further extracted with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) to desorb any mineral bound proteins. Western blotting using anti-albumin antibodies showed that almost all of the albumin from the secretory stage enamel and a significant proportion of the albumin present in early transition stage was extractable in the synthetic enamel fluid. However, synthetic enamel fluid did not extract albumin from late transition or maturation stage tissue, which could only be removed following further extraction with phosphate buffer. Albumin degradation was apparent during the transition and maturation stages, where it is degraded and ultimately removed. This binding pattern may be related to amelogenin degradation and removal during the transition stage, permitting albumin access to the previously obscured crystal surfaces. That the secretory stage matrix appears to &amp;quot;protect&amp;quot; secretory stage crystals from albumin may be an important consideration in the aetiology of enamel hypoplasias (i.e. incomplete crystal growth) and when using dissociative extraction procedures for the identification of mineral bound proteins.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16832094" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c0a02651eb302296635b619d22bd3ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42388535,"asset_id":16832094,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42388535/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15302" href="https://leeds.academia.edu/ColinRobinson">Colin Robinson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15302" type="text/json">{"id":15302,"first_name":"Colin","last_name":"Robinson","domain_name":"leeds","page_name":"ColinRobinson","display_name":"Colin Robinson","profile_url":"https://leeds.academia.edu/ColinRobinson?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15302/5133/1298153/s65_colin.robinson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16832094 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16832094"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16832094, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16832094", }); 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Rat incisor enamel matrix proteins (mainly amelogenins) were dissolved in synthetic enamel fluid and allowed to equilibrate with deproteinised developing enamel crystals. The results showed that amlogenin proteins of 21, 23, 24, 26 and 27-kDa (corresponding to nascent and partially degraded amelogenins) were associated with the crystals whilst the lower Mr amelogenins (\u0026amp;lt; 21 KDa) remained free in the synthetic enamel fluid. These data suggest the nascent and partially degraded amelogenins may interact with developing enamel crystals and could influence their growth. Albumin-mineral interactions were investigated by extracting developing rat incisor enamel with synthetic enamel fluid. Insoluble material (including the enamel crystals) was then further extracted with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) to desorb any mineral bound proteins. Western blotting using anti-albumin antibodies showed that almost all of the albumin from the secretory stage enamel and a significant proportion of the albumin present in early transition stage was extractable in the synthetic enamel fluid. However, synthetic enamel fluid did not extract albumin from late transition or maturation stage tissue, which could only be removed following further extraction with phosphate buffer. Albumin degradation was apparent during the transition and maturation stages, where it is degraded and ultimately removed. This binding pattern may be related to amelogenin degradation and removal during the transition stage, permitting albumin access to the previously obscured crystal surfaces. That the secretory stage matrix appears to \u0026amp;quot;protect\u0026amp;quot; secretory stage crystals from albumin may be an important consideration in the aetiology of enamel hypoplasias (i.e. incomplete crystal growth) and when using dissociative extraction procedures for the identification of mineral bound proteins.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42388535,"asset_id":16832094,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15302,"first_name":"Colin","last_name":"Robinson","domain_name":"leeds","page_name":"ColinRobinson","display_name":"Colin Robinson","profile_url":"https://leeds.academia.edu/ColinRobinson?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15302/5133/1298153/s65_colin.robinson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":4120,"name":"Crystal 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiology">Physiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="167" type="text/json">{"id":167,"name":"Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99234" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals">Animals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="99234" type="text/json">{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="212511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egg_Proteins">Egg Proteins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="212511" type="text/json">{"id":212511,"name":"Egg Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egg_Proteins?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="227285" 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Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryo_Development?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18531797" data-work_id="18531797" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18531797/Behavioral_Phenotyping_of_GFAP_ApoE3_and_ApoE4_Transgenic_Mice_ApoE4_Mice_Show_Profound_Working_Memory_Impairments_in_the_Absence_of_Alzheimers_like_Neuropathology">Behavioral Phenotyping of GFAP-ApoE3 and -ApoE4 Transgenic Mice: ApoE4 Mice Show Profound Working Memory Impairments in the Absence of Alzheimer's-like Neuropathology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">For the purpose of studying the potential neurobehavioral effects of different human apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoforms produced within the brain, transgenic (TG) mice were generated in which human apoE3 or apoE4 isoforms were under control... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18531797" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">For the purpose of studying the potential neurobehavioral effects of different human apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoforms produced within the brain, transgenic (TG) mice were generated in which human apoE3 or apoE4 isoforms were under control of an astrocyte-specific, glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter and these TG mice were bred back to apoE knockout (KO) mice. Behavioral phenotypes of apoE3 and apoE4 TG mice were derived by conducting a longitudinal study in which apoE3 and apoE4 TG mice were compared with apoE KO and wild-type (WT) mice (all male) on several behavioral measures. Analysis of locomotor activity, &amp;quot;open-field&amp;quot; behaviors, acoustic startle/prepulse inhibition, and elevated plus maze data suggested that the apoE TG/KO groups were more &amp;quot;emotionally reactive&amp;quot; than WT mice, with apoE4 mice typically being the most reactive. The absence of performance differences among groups on the rotating holeboard and water navigation tasks suggested intact reference memory processing in apoE TG/KO mice. However, apoE4 mice were profoundly impaired on a working memory-based protocol in the radial arm maze (11-14 months). Nonassociative factors (sensorimotor capacities or emotionality differences) did not appear to confound interpretation of the learning/memory results. Western blot analysis revealed no alterations in the level of synaptic, neuronal, or glial markers in neocortex or hippocampus and histologic analysis revealed no evidence of Abeta deposition or neuritic plaques in the apoE KO/TG mice. Our findings suggest that apoE4 expression in the brain may have selective deleterious effects on memory function in the absence of typical Alzheimer&amp;#39;s-like neuropathology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18531797" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="571fe8c5b7e4e8e59d297528e0c2d1fc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42160859,"asset_id":18531797,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42160859/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38563370" href="https://llu.academia.edu/RichardHartman">Richard E Hartman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38563370" type="text/json">{"id":38563370,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Hartman","domain_name":"llu","page_name":"RichardHartman","display_name":"Richard E Hartman","profile_url":"https://llu.academia.edu/RichardHartman?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38563370/10711306/11957454/s65_richard.hartman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18531797 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18531797"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18531797, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18531797", }); 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Behavioral phenotypes of apoE3 and apoE4 TG mice were derived by conducting a longitudinal study in which apoE3 and apoE4 TG mice were compared with apoE KO and wild-type (WT) mice (all male) on several behavioral measures. Analysis of locomotor activity, \u0026amp;quot;open-field\u0026amp;quot; behaviors, acoustic startle/prepulse inhibition, and elevated plus maze data suggested that the apoE TG/KO groups were more \u0026amp;quot;emotionally reactive\u0026amp;quot; than WT mice, with apoE4 mice typically being the most reactive. The absence of performance differences among groups on the rotating holeboard and water navigation tasks suggested intact reference memory processing in apoE TG/KO mice. However, apoE4 mice were profoundly impaired on a working memory-based protocol in the radial arm maze (11-14 months). Nonassociative factors (sensorimotor capacities or emotionality differences) did not appear to confound interpretation of the learning/memory results. Western blot analysis revealed no alterations in the level of synaptic, neuronal, or glial markers in neocortex or hippocampus and histologic analysis revealed no evidence of Abeta deposition or neuritic plaques in the apoE KO/TG mice. Our findings suggest that apoE4 expression in the brain may have selective deleterious effects on memory function in the absence of typical Alzheimer\u0026amp;#39;s-like neuropathology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42160859,"asset_id":18531797,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38563370,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Hartman","domain_name":"llu","page_name":"RichardHartman","display_name":"Richard E Hartman","profile_url":"https://llu.academia.edu/RichardHartman?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38563370/10711306/11957454/s65_richard.hartman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":6791,"name":"Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":8538,"name":"Working 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Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knockout_Mice?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16806860" data-work_id="16806860" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16806860/Quantitative_analysis_of_relative_protein_contents_by_Western_blotting_Comparison_of_three_members_of_the_dystrophin_glycoprotein_complex_in_slow_and_fast_rat_skeletal_muscle">Quantitative analysis of relative protein contents by Western blotting: Comparison of three members of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex in slow and fast rat skeletal muscle</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48534684" data-work_id="48534684" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48534684/Sequence_analyses_of_fimbriae_subunit_FimA_proteins_on_Actinomyces_naeslundii_genospecies_1_and_2_and_Actinomyces_odontolyticus_with_variant_carbohydrate_binding_specificities">Sequence analyses of fimbriae subunit FimA proteins on Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 and Actinomyces odontolyticus with variant carbohydrate binding specificities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 express type-2 fimbriae (FimA subunit polymers) with variant Galbeta binding specificities and Actinomyces odontolyticus a sialic acid specificity to colonize different oral surfaces. However,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48534684" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 express type-2 fimbriae (FimA subunit polymers) with variant Galbeta binding specificities and Actinomyces odontolyticus a sialic acid specificity to colonize different oral surfaces. However, the fimbrial nature of the sialic acid binding property and sequence information about FimA proteins from multiple strains are lacking. Here we have sequenced fimA genes from strains of A.naeslundii genospecies 1 (n = 4) and genospecies 2 (n = 4), both of which harboured variant Galbeta-dependent hemagglutination (HA) types, and from A.odontolyticus PK984 with a sialic acid-dependent HA pattern. Three unique subtypes of FimA proteins with 63.8-66.4% sequence identity were present in strains of A. naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 and A. odontolyticus. The generally high FimA sequence identity (&gt; 97.2%) within a genospecies revealed species specific sequences or segments that coincided with binding specificity. All three FimA protein variants contained...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48534684" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9336812f391efa14882442c9634b8471" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67096213,"asset_id":48534684,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67096213/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="97818811" href="https://umu.academia.edu/AnnaBirve">Anna Birve</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="97818811" type="text/json">{"id":97818811,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Birve","domain_name":"umu","page_name":"AnnaBirve","display_name":"Anna Birve","profile_url":"https://umu.academia.edu/AnnaBirve?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48534684 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48534684"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48534684, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48534684", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48534684]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48534684").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48534684").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48534684"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="596" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry">Dentistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="596" type="text/json">{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54433" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny">Phylogeny</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="54433" type="text/json">{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48534684]'), work: {"id":48534684,"title":"Sequence analyses of fimbriae subunit FimA proteins on Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 and Actinomyces odontolyticus with variant carbohydrate binding specificities","created_at":"2021-05-04T22:31:46.265-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48534684/Sequence_analyses_of_fimbriae_subunit_FimA_proteins_on_Actinomyces_naeslundii_genospecies_1_and_2_and_Actinomyces_odontolyticus_with_variant_carbohydrate_binding_specificities?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_48534684","summary":"Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 express type-2 fimbriae (FimA subunit polymers) with variant Galbeta binding specificities and Actinomyces odontolyticus a sialic acid specificity to colonize different oral surfaces. However, the fimbrial nature of the sialic acid binding property and sequence information about FimA proteins from multiple strains are lacking. Here we have sequenced fimA genes from strains of A.naeslundii genospecies 1 (n = 4) and genospecies 2 (n = 4), both of which harboured variant Galbeta-dependent hemagglutination (HA) types, and from A.odontolyticus PK984 with a sialic acid-dependent HA pattern. Three unique subtypes of FimA proteins with 63.8-66.4% sequence identity were present in strains of A. naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 and A. odontolyticus. The generally high FimA sequence identity (\u0026gt; 97.2%) within a genospecies revealed species specific sequences or segments that coincided with binding specificity. All three FimA protein variants contained...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67096213,"asset_id":48534684,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":97818811,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Birve","domain_name":"umu","page_name":"AnnaBirve","display_name":"Anna Birve","profile_url":"https://umu.academia.edu/AnnaBirve?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":67484,"name":"Sequence alignment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sequence_alignment?f_ri=462111"},{"id":129391,"name":"Gene Order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Order?f_ri=462111"},{"id":237568,"name":"Gram Positive Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gram_Positive_Bacteria?f_ri=462111"},{"id":409525,"name":"Carbohydrate metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbohydrate_metabolism?f_ri=462111"},{"id":444298,"name":"Actinomyces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actinomyces?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":687738,"name":"SIGNAL PEPTIDE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SIGNAL_PEPTIDE?f_ri=462111"},{"id":759489,"name":"Sialic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sialic_Acid?f_ri=462111"},{"id":784076,"name":"Species 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data-card-contents-for-ri="48183" type="text/json">{"id":48183,"name":"Lipopolysaccharide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipopolysaccharide?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84760" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99234" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals">Animals</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="99234" type="text/json">{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7327222]'), work: {"id":7327222,"title":"STAT6, NF-kappaB and C/EBP in CD23 expression and IgE production","created_at":"2014-06-12T05:29:50.301-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7327222/STAT6_NF_kappaB_and_C_EBP_in_CD23_expression_and_IgE_production?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_7327222","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33932191,"asset_id":7327222,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12873110,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Helber","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SarahHelber","display_name":"Sarah 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nucleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_nucleus?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":678853,"name":"B Lymphocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/B_Lymphocytes?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1186610,"name":"DNA binding proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_binding_proteins?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1924712,"name":"Interleukin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interleukin?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8064164" data-work_id="8064164" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8064164/Propylthiouracil_induced_hypothyroidism_is_associated_with_increased_tolerance_of_the_isolated_rat_heart_to_ischaemia_reperfusion">Propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism is associated with increased tolerance of the isolated rat heart to ischaemia-reperfusion</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8064164" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eb96b6e6242b038593c04546388a32f4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34519464,"asset_id":8064164,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34519464/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15559047" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KonstantinosSfakianoudis">Konstantinos Sfakianoudis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15559047" type="text/json">{"id":15559047,"first_name":"Konstantinos","last_name":"Sfakianoudis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KonstantinosSfakianoudis","display_name":"Konstantinos Sfakianoudis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KonstantinosSfakianoudis?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8064164 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8064164"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8064164, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8064164", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8064164 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8064164").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8064164"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="154" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endocrinology">Endocrinology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="154" type="text/json">{"id":154,"name":"Endocrinology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endocrinology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29980" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production">Animal Production</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29980" type="text/json">{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99234" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals">Animals</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="99234" type="text/json">{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8064164]'), work: {"id":8064164,"title":"Propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism is associated with increased tolerance of the isolated rat heart to ischaemia-reperfusion","created_at":"2014-08-23T22:20:12.290-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8064164/Propylthiouracil_induced_hypothyroidism_is_associated_with_increased_tolerance_of_the_isolated_rat_heart_to_ischaemia_reperfusion?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_8064164","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34519464,"asset_id":8064164,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15559047,"first_name":"Konstantinos","last_name":"Sfakianoudis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KonstantinosSfakianoudis","display_name":"Konstantinos Sfakianoudis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KonstantinosSfakianoudis?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":154,"name":"Endocrinology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endocrinology?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=462111"},{"id":161534,"name":"Perfusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perfusion?f_ri=462111"},{"id":172083,"name":"Phosphorylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorylation?f_ri=462111"},{"id":231186,"name":"Hypothyroidism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypothyroidism?f_ri=462111"},{"id":235677,"name":"Behavioral Animal Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Animal_Models?f_ri=462111"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=462111"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=462111"},{"id":392828,"name":"Myocardium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myocardium?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":564879,"name":"Wistar Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wistar_Rats?f_ri=462111"},{"id":595154,"name":"Propylthiouracil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propylthiouracil?f_ri=462111"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8279228" data-work_id="8279228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8279228/Murine_leukemia_P388_vinorelbine_resistant_cell_lines_are_sensitive_to_vinflunine">Murine leukemia P388 vinorelbine-resistant cell lines are sensitive to vinflunine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The work presented here was initiated to explore the mechanisms underlying vinorelbine resistance in two previously established murine leukemia P388 cell lines (N.63 and N2.5). IC50 measurements demonstrated that the vinorelbine-resistant... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8279228" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The work presented here was initiated to explore the mechanisms underlying vinorelbine resistance in two previously established murine leukemia P388 cell lines (N.63 and N2.5). IC50 measurements demonstrated that the vinorelbine-resistant cell line N.63 was sensitive to both vinblastine and vinflunine. In addition, vinorelbine-resistant cell line N2.5 retained sensitivity to vinflunine. We used flow cytometry with propidium iodide to measure G2/M arrest in response to drug treatment. Annexin V labeling was used as a marker of apoptosis and JC-1 dye labeling as a marker of mitochondrial membrane depolarization to explore differential responses that might help explain the absence of cross resistance to vinflunine. At equipotent (10X IC50) doses, after 8 h of drug treatment, vinflunine induced G2/M arrest in a significantly larger fraction of vinorelbine- resistant cells compared to vinorelbine. At the same drug doses, at 16 h after initiation of drug treatment, vinflunine induced a statistically significant greater apoptotic response and mitochondrial depolarization. The mitochondrial depolarization at 16 h was confirmed by Western blotting that showed release of cytochrome c. Comparison of apoptotic and mitochondrial depolarization responses in vinorelbine-resistant cells upon exposure to vinorelbine, vinblastine and vinflunine demonstrated the following pattern of drug activity: vinflunine > vinblastine > vinorelbine, confirming the importance of a antimitotic-induced mitochondria-mediated pathways in these P388 cell lines. We conclude that vinflunine may be preferred for treatment of specific cancers compared to other vinca alkaloids due to its enhanced effects on apoptotic pathways that follow G2/M arrest.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8279228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb6ac1a06e093a5d3bcbd1d35778896d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48157324,"asset_id":8279228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48157324/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16423367" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AshishAggarwal7">Ashish Aggarwal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16423367" type="text/json">{"id":16423367,"first_name":"Ashish","last_name":"Aggarwal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AshishAggarwal7","display_name":"Ashish Aggarwal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AshishAggarwal7?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16423367/4468925/5178525/s65_ashish.aggarwal.jpg_oh_dc9c33271ff70f052f91db29ff0f294e_oe_548a7f6d___gda___1419894660_36363ee4df3a9a9798554ad9561d47bc"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8279228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8279228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8279228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8279228", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8279228]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8279228").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8279228").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8279228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6599" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry">Flow Cytometry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6599" type="text/json">{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38650" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Division">Cell Division</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38650" type="text/json">{"id":38650,"name":"Cell Division","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Division?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57808" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line">Cell line</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57808" type="text/json">{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8279228]'), work: {"id":8279228,"title":"Murine leukemia P388 vinorelbine-resistant cell lines are sensitive to vinflunine","created_at":"2014-09-10T17:43:15.044-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8279228/Murine_leukemia_P388_vinorelbine_resistant_cell_lines_are_sensitive_to_vinflunine?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_8279228","summary":"The work presented here was initiated to explore the mechanisms underlying vinorelbine resistance in two previously established murine leukemia P388 cell lines (N.63 and N2.5). IC50 measurements demonstrated that the vinorelbine-resistant cell line N.63 was sensitive to both vinblastine and vinflunine. In addition, vinorelbine-resistant cell line N2.5 retained sensitivity to vinflunine. We used flow cytometry with propidium iodide to measure G2/M arrest in response to drug treatment. Annexin V labeling was used as a marker of apoptosis and JC-1 dye labeling as a marker of mitochondrial membrane depolarization to explore differential responses that might help explain the absence of cross resistance to vinflunine. At equipotent (10X IC50) doses, after 8 h of drug treatment, vinflunine induced G2/M arrest in a significantly larger fraction of vinorelbine- resistant cells compared to vinorelbine. At the same drug doses, at 16 h after initiation of drug treatment, vinflunine induced a statistically significant greater apoptotic response and mitochondrial depolarization. The mitochondrial depolarization at 16 h was confirmed by Western blotting that showed release of cytochrome c. Comparison of apoptotic and mitochondrial depolarization responses in vinorelbine-resistant cells upon exposure to vinorelbine, vinblastine and vinflunine demonstrated the following pattern of drug activity: vinflunine \u003e vinblastine \u003e vinorelbine, confirming the importance of a antimitotic-induced mitochondria-mediated pathways in these P388 cell lines. We conclude that vinflunine may be preferred for treatment of specific cancers compared to other vinca alkaloids due to its enhanced effects on apoptotic pathways that follow G2/M arrest.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48157324,"asset_id":8279228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16423367,"first_name":"Ashish","last_name":"Aggarwal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AshishAggarwal7","display_name":"Ashish Aggarwal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AshishAggarwal7?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16423367/4468925/5178525/s65_ashish.aggarwal.jpg_oh_dc9c33271ff70f052f91db29ff0f294e_oe_548a7f6d___gda___1419894660_36363ee4df3a9a9798554ad9561d47bc"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":38650,"name":"Cell Division","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Division?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=462111"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=462111"},{"id":116476,"name":"Cytochrome C","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytochrome_C?f_ri=462111"},{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1335154,"name":"Propidium Iodide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propidium_Iodide?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1540375,"name":"Vinblastine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vinblastine?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1592916,"name":"Drug treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_treatment?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10606356" data-work_id="10606356" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10606356/Down_regulation_of_caspase_3_in_breast_cancer_a_possible_mechanism_for_chemoresistance">Down-regulation of caspase 3 in breast cancer: a possible mechanism for chemoresistance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10606356" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="767aa1d9a282560e9d948eb9e439fd19" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47266477,"asset_id":10606356,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47266477/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25917047" href="https://unito.academia.edu/ASapino">Anna Sapino</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25917047" type="text/json">{"id":25917047,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Sapino","domain_name":"unito","page_name":"ASapino","display_name":"Anna Sapino","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/ASapino?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25917047/15106517/15815770/s65_anna.sapino.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10606356 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10606356"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10606356, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10606356", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10606356 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10606356; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10606356"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10606356 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10606356"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10606356; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10606356]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10606356").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10606356").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10606356"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6599" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry">Flow Cytometry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6599" type="text/json">{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6802" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breast_Cancer">Breast Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6802" type="text/json">{"id":6802,"name":"Breast Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breast_Cancer?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50841" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caspases">Caspases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50841" type="text/json">{"id":50841,"name":"Caspases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caspases?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10606356]'), work: {"id":10606356,"title":"Down-regulation of caspase 3 in breast cancer: a possible mechanism for chemoresistance","created_at":"2015-02-07T13:34:47.152-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10606356/Down_regulation_of_caspase_3_in_breast_cancer_a_possible_mechanism_for_chemoresistance?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_10606356","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47266477,"asset_id":10606356,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25917047,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Sapino","domain_name":"unito","page_name":"ASapino","display_name":"Anna Sapino","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/ASapino?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25917047/15106517/15815770/s65_anna.sapino.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":6802,"name":"Breast Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breast_Cancer?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":50841,"name":"Caspases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caspases?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=462111"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111"},{"id":102583,"name":"Drug Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Resistance?f_ri=462111"},{"id":106169,"name":"Oncogene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oncogene?f_ri=462111"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=462111"},{"id":247477,"name":"Caspase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caspase?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":501806,"name":"Protein Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Expression?f_ri=462111"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=462111"},{"id":2039739,"name":"Down-Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Down-Regulation?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25730856" data-work_id="25730856" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25730856/Expression_of_p16_Rb_and_cyclin_D1_gene_products_in_oral_and_laryngeal_squamous_carcinoma_biological_and_clinical_implications">Expression of p16, Rb, and cyclin D1 gene products in oral and laryngeal squamous carcinoma: biological and clinical implications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cyclin D1, p16, and Rb genes play a critical role in the regulation of the G1-S transition of the cell cycle and are frequently altered in several neoplastic entities. Analysis of the protein products of these genes by molecular and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25730856" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cyclin D1, p16, and Rb genes play a critical role in the regulation of the G1-S transition of the cell cycle and are frequently altered in several neoplastic entities. Analysis of the protein products of these genes by molecular and immunohistochemical methods provides information on their functional status and allows for the phenotypic evaluation of tumor cells. We performed Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis on tissues from 35 primary oral and laryngeal squamous carcinoma specimens with previous molecular analysis of the p16 gene and correlated the results with relevant clinicopathologic factors. Our study shows significant concordance between Western blotting and immunostaining results for cyclin D1 (P = .01), p16 proteins (P = .01), and Rb (P = .04). Heterogeneous staining of tumor cells and the positivity of non-neoplastic host elements for Rb by immunohistochemistry contributed to the discrepancy noted in some tumors by Western blotting. Significant reciprocal r...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25730856" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8c90e05f0de92923e34228d0c8977f5b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46081491,"asset_id":25730856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46081491/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49443737" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamBenedict">William Benedict</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49443737" type="text/json">{"id":49443737,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Benedict","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamBenedict","display_name":"William Benedict","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamBenedict?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25730856 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25730856"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25730856, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25730856", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25730856]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25730856").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25730856").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25730856"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9113" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle">Cell Cycle</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9113" type="text/json">{"id":9113,"name":"Cell Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12071" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12071" type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25730856]'), work: {"id":25730856,"title":"Expression of p16, Rb, and cyclin D1 gene products in oral and laryngeal squamous carcinoma: biological and clinical implications","created_at":"2016-05-30T16:01:15.993-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25730856/Expression_of_p16_Rb_and_cyclin_D1_gene_products_in_oral_and_laryngeal_squamous_carcinoma_biological_and_clinical_implications?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_25730856","summary":"Cyclin D1, p16, and Rb genes play a critical role in the regulation of the G1-S transition of the cell cycle and are frequently altered in several neoplastic entities. Analysis of the protein products of these genes by molecular and immunohistochemical methods provides information on their functional status and allows for the phenotypic evaluation of tumor cells. We performed Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis on tissues from 35 primary oral and laryngeal squamous carcinoma specimens with previous molecular analysis of the p16 gene and correlated the results with relevant clinicopathologic factors. Our study shows significant concordance between Western blotting and immunostaining results for cyclin D1 (P = .01), p16 proteins (P = .01), and Rb (P = .04). Heterogeneous staining of tumor cells and the positivity of non-neoplastic host elements for Rb by immunohistochemistry contributed to the discrepancy noted in some tumors by Western blotting. Significant reciprocal r...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46081491,"asset_id":25730856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49443737,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Benedict","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamBenedict","display_name":"William Benedict","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamBenedict?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9113,"name":"Cell Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=462111"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=462111"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=462111"},{"id":121665,"name":"DNA methylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_methylation?f_ri=462111"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=462111"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=462111"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=462111"},{"id":315194,"name":"Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma_OSCC_?f_ri=462111"},{"id":375141,"name":"Mouth Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mouth_Neoplasms?f_ri=462111"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":674257,"name":"Human Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Pathology?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1441309,"name":"Functional Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Status?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1975965,"name":"retinoblastoma protein (RB1).","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/retinoblastoma_protein_RB1_?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23059580" data-work_id="23059580" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23059580/Mapping_of_a_syndrome_of_X_linked_thrombocytopenia_with_Thalassemia_to_band_Xp11_12_further_evidence_of_genetic_heterogeneity_of_X_linked_thrombocytopenia">Mapping of a syndrome of X-linked thrombocytopenia with Thalassemia to band Xp11-12: further evidence of genetic heterogeneity of X-linked thrombocytopenia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">X-linked thrombocytopenia with thalassemia (XLTT; Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] accession number 314050) is a rare disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, splenomegaly, reticulocytosis, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23059580" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">X-linked thrombocytopenia with thalassemia (XLTT; Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] accession number 314050) is a rare disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, splenomegaly, reticulocytosis, and unbalanced hemoglobin chain synthesis. In a 4-generation family, the gene responsible for XLTT was mapped to the X chromosome, short arm, bands 11-12 (band Xp11-12). The maximum lod score possible in this family, 2.39, was obtained for markers DXS8054 and DXS1003, at a recombination fraction of 0. Recombination events observed for XLTT and markers DXS8080 and DXS8023 or DXS991 define a critical region that is less than or equal to 7.65 KcM and contains the gene responsible for the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS; OMIM accession number 301000) and its allelic variant X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT; OMIM accession number 313900). Manifestations of WAS include thrombocytopenia, eczema, and immunodeficiency. In WAS/XLT the platelets are usually small, and bleeding...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23059580" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf1b45a89a2c78f58534c9cff12a02cf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43562410,"asset_id":23059580,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43562410/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44798982" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WendyRaskind">Wendy Raskind</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44798982" type="text/json">{"id":44798982,"first_name":"Wendy","last_name":"Raskind","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WendyRaskind","display_name":"Wendy Raskind","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WendyRaskind?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23059580 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23059580"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23059580, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23059580", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23059580]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23059580").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23059580").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23059580"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6599" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry">Flow Cytometry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6599" type="text/json">{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7825" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thalassemia">Thalassemia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7825" type="text/json">{"id":7825,"name":"Thalassemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thalassemia?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23059580]'), work: {"id":23059580,"title":"Mapping of a syndrome of X-linked thrombocytopenia with Thalassemia to band Xp11-12: further evidence of genetic heterogeneity of X-linked thrombocytopenia","created_at":"2016-03-09T15:04:17.754-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23059580/Mapping_of_a_syndrome_of_X_linked_thrombocytopenia_with_Thalassemia_to_band_Xp11_12_further_evidence_of_genetic_heterogeneity_of_X_linked_thrombocytopenia?f_ri=462111","dom_id":"work_23059580","summary":"X-linked thrombocytopenia with thalassemia (XLTT; Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] accession number 314050) is a rare disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, splenomegaly, reticulocytosis, and unbalanced hemoglobin chain synthesis. In a 4-generation family, the gene responsible for XLTT was mapped to the X chromosome, short arm, bands 11-12 (band Xp11-12). The maximum lod score possible in this family, 2.39, was obtained for markers DXS8054 and DXS1003, at a recombination fraction of 0. Recombination events observed for XLTT and markers DXS8080 and DXS8023 or DXS991 define a critical region that is less than or equal to 7.65 KcM and contains the gene responsible for the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS; OMIM accession number 301000) and its allelic variant X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT; OMIM accession number 313900). Manifestations of WAS include thrombocytopenia, eczema, and immunodeficiency. In WAS/XLT the platelets are usually small, and bleeding...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43562410,"asset_id":23059580,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44798982,"first_name":"Wendy","last_name":"Raskind","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WendyRaskind","display_name":"Wendy Raskind","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WendyRaskind?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":7825,"name":"Thalassemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thalassemia?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111"},{"id":100732,"name":"Blood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood?f_ri=462111"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=462111"},{"id":138603,"name":"Thrombocytopenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thrombocytopenia?f_ri=462111"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins?f_ri=462111"},{"id":188349,"name":"Pedigree","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedigree?f_ri=462111"},{"id":224794,"name":"Genetic linkage analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_linkage_analysis?f_ri=462111"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":613173,"name":"X chromosome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_chromosome?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1032923,"name":"Bleeding Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bleeding_Time?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1296609,"name":"Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wiskott_Aldrich_Syndrome?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22900817" data-work_id="22900817" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22900817/Functional_Role_of_the_PE_Domain_and_Immunogenicity_of_the_Mycobacterium_tuberculosis_Triacylglycerol_Hydrolase_LipY">Functional Role of the PE Domain and Immunogenicity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Triacylglycerol Hydrolase LipY</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22900817" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d28e8d60645d376937718fee7bd3acc6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43441733,"asset_id":22900817,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17883678/Purification_and_characterization_of_the_prothoracicotropic_hormone_of_Drosophila_melanogaster">Purification and characterization of the prothoracicotropic hormone of Drosophila melanogaster</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) of Drosophila melanogaster is a modulator of ecdysteroid (molting hormone) synthesis and was isolated and characterized from extracts of whole larvae (approximately 4 x 10(5) larvae). The purification... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17883678" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) of Drosophila melanogaster is a modulator of ecdysteroid (molting hormone) synthesis and was isolated and characterized from extracts of whole larvae (approximately 4 x 10(5) larvae). The purification protocol included delipidation, salt-extraction, heat treatment, conventional column chromatography, and HPLC, and yielded about 50 microg of pure hormone. Biological activity was followed using a ring gland in vitro assay in which ecdysteroidogenesis by control ring glands as measured by radioimmunoassay was compared with ring gland incubations containing active fractions. The molecular weight of the purified PTTH was 45 kDa and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis indicated that those analyzed sequences displayed no significant homology with known peptides or peptide hormones, including PTTH from the silkmoth, Bombyx mori. Western blot analysis indicated that the native form of Drosophila PTTH was a single 66-kDa polypeptide with N-linked carbohydrate chains and intrachain disulfide bonds. The purified 45-kDa peptide is the deglycosylated form, a result of glycosidase activity present during preparation of the PTTH extract. The deglycosylated form shows heterogeneity, presumably as a result of varying degrees of deglycosylation at the N terminus.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17883678" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1d74fb416393912c1d2a52ad025e6a8c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42220298,"asset_id":17883678,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42220298/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37793005" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChungLee6">Chung Lee</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37793005" type="text/json">{"id":37793005,"first_name":"Chung","last_name":"Lee","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChungLee6","display_name":"Chung Lee","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChungLee6?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17883678 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17883678"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17883678, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17883678", }); 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u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coexpression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) and reductase was found in human gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia. Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity to P450 reductase in metaplastic epithelial cells and in pyloric... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69721375" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coexpression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) and reductase was found in human gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia. Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity to P450 reductase in metaplastic epithelial cells and in pyloric gland cells in glands showing intestinal metaplasia. These cells exhibit NADPH-diaphorase activity. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis and Western blotting showed that CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 were expressed in specimens with intestinal metaplasia. Tissue distribution of CYP1A1 coincided with that of P450 reductase. However, immunoreactivity to CYP1A2 protein was localized only in the pyloric gland cells near the intestinal metaplastic gland. Salmonella typhimurium mutagen assay definitively revealed that microsomes prepared from gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, in particular in the pyloric gland, functionally activated benzo(a)pyrene and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoline. These results indicate that carcinogen activation by CYP enzymes expres...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69721375" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f2c659a391341e69d4f4635d2caed8d1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79708769,"asset_id":69721375,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79708769/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="116906754" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HidekoSone">Hideko Sone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="116906754" type="text/json">{"id":116906754,"first_name":"Hideko","last_name":"Sone","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HidekoSone","display_name":"Hideko Sone","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HidekoSone?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69721375 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69721375"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69721375, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69721375", }); 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Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity to P450 reductase in metaplastic epithelial cells and in pyloric gland cells in glands showing intestinal metaplasia. These cells exhibit NADPH-diaphorase activity. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis and Western blotting showed that CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 were expressed in specimens with intestinal metaplasia. Tissue distribution of CYP1A1 coincided with that of P450 reductase. However, immunoreactivity to CYP1A2 protein was localized only in the pyloric gland cells near the intestinal metaplastic gland. Salmonella typhimurium mutagen assay definitively revealed that microsomes prepared from gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, in particular in the pyloric gland, functionally activated benzo(a)pyrene and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoline. These results indicate that carcinogen activation by CYP enzymes expres...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79708769,"asset_id":69721375,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":116906754,"first_name":"Hideko","last_name":"Sone","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HidekoSone","display_name":"Hideko Sone","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HidekoSone?f_ri=462111","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":101258,"name":"Gastric Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gastric_Cancer?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":102637,"name":"Salmonella Typhimurium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salmonella_Typhimurium?f_ri=462111"},{"id":151951,"name":"Animal Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Model?f_ri=462111"},{"id":166788,"name":"Nitrate Reductase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrate_Reductase?f_ri=462111"},{"id":184001,"name":"Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycyclic_Aromatic_Hydrocarbon?f_ri=462111"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1177144,"name":"Epithelial Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epithelial_Cell_Biology?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1264054,"name":"Carcinogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carcinogen?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1647723,"name":"Small Intestine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Intestine?f_ri=462111"},{"id":2547982,"name":"Gastric mucosa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gastric_mucosa?f_ri=462111"},{"id":2950651,"name":"Tissue distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tissue_distribution?f_ri=462111"},{"id":3461373,"name":"Stomach neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stomach_neoplasms?f_ri=462111"},{"id":3992323,"name":"Metaplasia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metaplasia?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59046734" data-work_id="59046734" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59046734/Expression_of_rabies_virus_G_protein_in_carrots_Daucus_carota_">Expression of rabies virus G protein in carrots (Daucus carota)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59046734" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="203ca9158a6a87cd31bcdc878a486594" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73165239,"asset_id":59046734,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73165239/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38416469" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ELozarubio">E. 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plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transgenic_plants?f_ri=462111"},{"id":386438,"name":"Seeds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seeds?f_ri=462111"},{"id":462111,"name":"Western blot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blot?f_ri=462111"},{"id":737522,"name":"Transgenic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transgenic?f_ri=462111"},{"id":780543,"name":"G protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/G_protein?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1010136,"name":"Rabies Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabies_Virus?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1454177,"name":"Particle Bombardment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Bombardment?f_ri=462111"},{"id":1644527,"name":"Daucus Carota","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Daucus_Carota?f_ri=462111"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50254605" data-work_id="50254605" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50254605/Allergic_potency_of_recombinant_Fel_d_1_is_reduced_by_low_concentrations_of_chlorine_bleach">Allergic potency of recombinant Fel d 1 is reduced by low concentrations of chlorine bleach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50254605" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a 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type="text/json">{"id":27240,"name":"Prevention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevention?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41088" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats">Cats</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41088" type="text/json">{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51569" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histamine">Histamine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="51569" type="text/json">{"id":51569,"name":"Histamine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histamine?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50254605]'), work: {"id":50254605,"title":"Allergic potency of recombinant Fel d 1 is reduced by low concentrations of chlorine 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3121631" data-work_id="3121631" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3121631/The_sunflower_plastidial_%CF%893_fatty_acid_desaturase_HaFAD7_contains_the_signalling_determinants_required_for_targeting_to_and_retention_in_the_endoplasmic_reticulum_membrane_in_yeast_but_requires_co_expressed_ferredoxin_for_activity">The sunflower plastidial ω3-fatty acid desaturase ( HaFAD7) contains the signalling determinants required for targeting to, and retention in, the endoplasmic reticulum membrane in yeast but requires co-expressed ferredoxin for activity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Although plant plastidial ω3-desaturases are closely related to microsomal desaturases, heterologous expression in yeast of the Helianthus annuus FAD7 ω3-desaturase showed low activity in contrast to similar expression of microsomal FAD3... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3121631" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Although plant plastidial ω3-desaturases are closely related to microsomal desaturases, heterologous expression in yeast of the Helianthus annuus FAD7 ω3-desaturase showed low activity in contrast to similar expression of microsomal FAD3 ω3-desaturases. However, the removal of the plastidial transit peptide and the incorporation of a KKNL motif to the C-terminus of HaFAD7 increased the activity by 10-fold compared to the native protein. N-terminal fusion of transmembrane-domains from either the yeast microsomal ELO3, (a type III signal anchor domain), or FAE1, an endoplasmic reticulum membrane anchoring domain, resulted in moderate increases in enzyme activity (5- and 7-fold, respectively), suggesting that the first, most hydrophobic transmembrane domain of HaFAD7 is sufficient to direct targeting to, and insertion into, the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Furthermore, fusing a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag upstream of an endogenous C-terminal KEK motif resulted in a significant loss of activity compared to the un-tagged construct, indicating that the endogenous KEK C-terminal di-lysine motif is capable of directing in yeast the ER-retention of this normally plastidial-located protein. Western blotting analysis of constructs with internal HA epitope revealed that in whole cell extracts, with the exception of the one bound to C-terminal, it did not display a reduced level of protein accumulation. Whilst ferredoxin was shown to be required for HaFAD7 activity in yeast, it appears not necessary for protein stability and accumulation of this plastidial desaturase in the endoplasmic reticulum.Metabolic engineering is focus in the production of a huge diversity of polyunsaturated fatty acids with an economical interest. In this study, we characterized factors contributing to improve the activity of sunflower plastidial ω3-desaturase, HaFAD7, expressed in yeast.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3121631" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de69f62a7f2da5255f4ddaed207b96de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50449067,"asset_id":3121631,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50449067/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMDI5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="100745" href="https://csic.academia.edu/RafaelGarces">Rafael Garces</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="100745" type="text/json">{"id":100745,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Garces","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"RafaelGarces","display_name":"Rafael Garces","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/RafaelGarces?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/100745/27756/55696/s65_rafael.garces.100745"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3121631 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3121631"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3121631, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3121631", }); 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However, the removal of the plastidial transit peptide and the incorporation of a KKNL motif to the C-terminus of HaFAD7 increased the activity by 10-fold compared to the native protein. N-terminal fusion of transmembrane-domains from either the yeast microsomal ELO3, (a type III signal anchor domain), or FAE1, an endoplasmic reticulum membrane anchoring domain, resulted in moderate increases in enzyme activity (5- and 7-fold, respectively), suggesting that the first, most hydrophobic transmembrane domain of HaFAD7 is sufficient to direct targeting to, and insertion into, the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Furthermore, fusing a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag upstream of an endogenous C-terminal KEK motif resulted in a significant loss of activity compared to the un-tagged construct, indicating that the endogenous KEK C-terminal di-lysine motif is capable of directing in yeast the ER-retention of this normally plastidial-located protein. Western blotting analysis of constructs with internal HA epitope revealed that in whole cell extracts, with the exception of the one bound to C-terminal, it did not display a reduced level of protein accumulation. Whilst ferredoxin was shown to be required for HaFAD7 activity in yeast, it appears not necessary for protein stability and accumulation of this plastidial desaturase in the endoplasmic reticulum.Metabolic engineering is focus in the production of a huge diversity of polyunsaturated fatty acids with an economical interest. In this study, we characterized factors contributing to improve the activity of sunflower plastidial ω3-desaturase, HaFAD7, expressed in yeast.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50449067,"asset_id":3121631,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":100745,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Garces","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"RafaelGarces","display_name":"Rafael Garces","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/RafaelGarces?f_ri=462111","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/100745/27756/55696/s65_rafael.garces.100745"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3057,"name":"Phytochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytochemistry?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":38443,"name":"Protein Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Stability?f_ri=462111","nofollow":false},{"id":38831,"name":"Signal 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