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It is organized in three parts: a general part of cities comparison, the second part focuses on Lujiazui area, Pudong district; the third part concentrates on Caoyang" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/53813593/14198846/36956701/s200_caterina.villani.png" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/28657232/The_Ambivalence_of_Shanghai_s_Urban_Space_A_Reflection_on_Accessibility_and_Connections" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Ambivalence of Shanghai’s Urban Space: A Reflection on Accessibility and Connections" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="This master thesis concerns Shanghai’s informal patterns of pedestrian mobility. 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It is organized in three parts: a general part of cities comparison, the second part focuses on Lujiazui area, Pudong district; the third part concentrates on Caoyang" /> <title>(PDF) The Ambivalence of Shanghai’s Urban Space: A Reflection on Accessibility and Connections | Caterina Villani - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/28657232/The_Ambivalence_of_Shanghai_s_Urban_Space_A_Reflection_on_Accessibility_and_Connections" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732530481000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732530481000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"This master thesis concerns Shanghai’s informal patterns of pedestrian mobility. It is organized in three parts: a general part of cities comparison, the second part focuses on Lujiazui area, Pudong district; the third part concentrates on Caoyang village, Putuo district. Firstly, we started our research with a Cities investigation, a comparison between Shanghai and contemporary cities based on block dimension, number of intersections, building density and above all, the alternative pedestrian mobility. In addition, we studied the different perception the human eye has in the eight cities studied, based on Kevin Lynch “The View from the Road”, Venturi-Scott Brown “Learning from Las Vegas” and Giambattista Nolli “Map of accessible Places in Rome”. Finally, we developed our research about Shanghai urban expansion and Shanghai urban pedestrian spaces, looking at contemporary projects that show the evolution and articulation of pedestrian space inside buildings and at different levels (above or under the ground level) Lujiazui CBD: A new Porosity through multi level pedestrian Networks In this zoom we analysed pedestrian urban space in Lujiazui and along Century Avenue. After a historical excursus on the development of Century Avenue in comparison to Champs Elysée in Paris, we studied all the urban elements that allow and does not allow accessibility at ground-level in Lujiazui area. The results show that pedestrian space is much more articulated inside commercial buildings and above the ground level (through pedestrian elevated bridges). Finally, we developed urban strategies aiming at enhancing pedestrian networks at ground-level, creating macro-green areas with trees and commercial pavillions. Caoyang village: shared Networks between collective Spaces Firstly, we studied the historical development of Caoyang Danwei, a working -class village enclosed by a wall, built in the late 1950s. it is interesting to see the evolution of social pedestrian spaces inside and outside this neighbourhood and how this changed in time after the arrival of car-oriented system. The urban strategies for this area aim at developing networks of paths that link urban spaces outside the village, such as markets and parks, and inside the village, for example small playing areas and neighbourhood shops. Finally, a further strategy is to improve the urban porosity of this area, through new gates that implement the accessibility between outside and inside the village.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Caterina Villani"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2016-09-22","dateModified":"2018-04-09","datePublished":"2016-07-27","headline":"The Ambivalence of Shanghai’s Urban Space: A Reflection on Accessibility and Connections","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Architecture","Urban Planning","Urbanism","China","Urban Village","Porosity (urban)","Shanghai","Shanghai Urban Studies","Collective Space / Public Space / Urban Design + Research","Architecture and Public Spaces"],"locationCreated":"Shanghai, Venice","publication":"Master Thesis","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/28657232/The_Ambivalence_of_Shanghai_s_Urban_Space_A_Reflection_on_Accessibility_and_Connections","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"polyu"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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[{"id":56355260,"identifier":"Attachment_56355260","shouldShowBulkDownload":false},{"id":56355258,"identifier":"Attachment_56355258","shouldShowBulkDownload":false},{"id":56355259,"identifier":"Attachment_56355259","shouldShowBulkDownload":false},{"id":56355261,"identifier":"Attachment_56355261","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":28657232,"created_at":"2016-09-22T03:27:41.264-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-12T12:46:14.149-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"This master thesis concerns Shanghai’s informal patterns of pedestrian mobility. It is organized in three parts: a general part of cities comparison, the second part focuses on Lujiazui area, Pudong district; the third part concentrates on Caoyang village, Putuo district.\r\n\r\nFirstly, we started our research with a Cities investigation, a comparison between Shanghai and contemporary cities based on block dimension, number of intersections, building density and above all, the alternative pedestrian mobility.\r\nIn addition, we studied the different perception the human eye has in the eight cities studied, based on Kevin Lynch “The View from the Road”, Venturi-Scott Brown “Learning from Las Vegas” and Giambattista Nolli “Map of accessible Places in Rome”. Finally, we developed our research about Shanghai urban expansion and Shanghai urban pedestrian spaces, looking at contemporary projects that show the evolution and articulation of pedestrian space inside buildings and at different levels (above or under the ground level)\r\n\r\nLujiazui CBD: A new Porosity through multi level pedestrian Networks\r\nIn this zoom we analysed pedestrian urban space in Lujiazui and along Century Avenue. After a historical excursus on the development of Century Avenue in comparison to Champs Elysée in Paris, we studied all the urban elements that allow and does not allow accessibility at ground-level in Lujiazui area. The results show that pedestrian space is much more articulated inside commercial buildings and above the ground level (through pedestrian elevated bridges). Finally, we developed urban strategies aiming at enhancing pedestrian networks at ground-level, creating macro-green areas with trees and commercial pavillions.\r\n\r\nCaoyang village: shared Networks between collective Spaces\r\nFirstly, we studied the historical development of Caoyang Danwei, a working -class village enclosed by a wall, built in the late 1950s. it is interesting to see the evolution of social pedestrian spaces inside and outside this neighbourhood and how this changed in time after the arrival of car-oriented system.\r\nThe urban strategies for this area aim at developing networks of paths that link urban spaces outside the village, such as markets and parks, and inside the village, for example small playing areas and neighbourhood shops.\r\nFinally, a further strategy is to improve the urban porosity of this area, through new gates that implement the accessibility between outside and inside the village.","location":"Shanghai, Venice","organization":"CAUP Tongji Univeristy, IUAV University of Venice (Architecture faculty)","page_numbers":"250","publication_date":"2016,7,27","publication_name":"Master Thesis"},"document_type":"thesis_chapter","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"low","language":"en","title":"The Ambivalence of Shanghai’s Urban Space: A Reflection on Accessibility and Connections","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [53813593]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":56355260,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The Ambivalence of Shanghai’s Urban Space: A Reflection on Accessibility and Connections”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/56355260/mini_magick20190112-11011-bfro1k.png?1547314909" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">The Ambivalence of Shanghai’s Urban Space: A Reflection on Accessibility and Connections</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53813593" href="https://polyu.academia.edu/CaterinaVillani"><img alt="Profile image of Caterina Villani" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/53813593/14198846/36956701/s65_caterina.villani.png" />Caterina Villani</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016, Master Thesis</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This master thesis concerns Shanghai’s informal patterns of pedestrian mobility. It is organized in three parts: a general part of cities comparison, the second part focuses on Lujiazui area, Pudong district; the third part concentrates on Caoyang village, Putuo district. Firstly, we started our research with a Cities investigation, a comparison between Shanghai and contemporary cities based on block dimension, number of intersections, building density and above all, the alternative pedestrian mobility. In addition, we studied the different perception the human eye has in the eight cities studied, based on Kevin Lynch “The View from the Road”, Venturi-Scott Brown “Learning from Las Vegas” and Giambattista Nolli “Map of accessible Places in Rome”. Finally, we developed our research about Shanghai urban expansion and Shanghai urban pedestrian spaces, looking at contemporary projects that show the evolution and articulation of pedestrian space inside buildings and at different levels (above or under the ground level) Lujiazui CBD: A new Porosity through multi level pedestrian Networks In this zoom we analysed pedestrian urban space in Lujiazui and along Century Avenue. After a historical excursus on the development of Century Avenue in comparison to Champs Elysée in Paris, we studied all the urban elements that allow and does not allow accessibility at ground-level in Lujiazui area. The results show that pedestrian space is much more articulated inside commercial buildings and above the ground level (through pedestrian elevated bridges). Finally, we developed urban strategies aiming at enhancing pedestrian networks at ground-level, creating macro-green areas with trees and commercial pavillions. Caoyang village: shared Networks between collective Spaces Firstly, we studied the historical development of Caoyang Danwei, a working -class village enclosed by a wall, built in the late 1950s. it is interesting to see the evolution of social pedestrian spaces inside and outside this neighbourhood and how this changed in time after the arrival of car-oriented system. The urban strategies for this area aim at developing networks of paths that link urban spaces outside the village, such as markets and parks, and inside the village, for example small playing areas and neighbourhood shops. Finally, a further strategy is to improve the urban porosity of this area, through new gates that implement the accessibility between outside and inside the village.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":56355260,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/28657232/The_Ambivalence_of_Shanghai_s_Urban_Space_A_Reflection_on_Accessibility_and_Connections"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":56355260,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/28657232/The_Ambivalence_of_Shanghai_s_Urban_Space_A_Reflection_on_Accessibility_and_Connections"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="56355260" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/28657232/The_Ambivalence_of_Shanghai_s_Urban_Space_A_Reflection_on_Accessibility_and_Connections" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="1526623" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1526623/Pedestrian_Shopping_Streets_in_the_Restructuring_of_the_Chinese_City">Pedestrian Shopping Streets in the Restructuring of the Chinese City</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2932" href="https://nau.academia.edu/AlanLew">Alan A Lew</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Today, virtually every city in China has one or more pedestrian shopping street (buxingjie). They come in a wide range of forms and styles. Most are highly successful, though some are more successful than others. Some are permanently closed to vehicle, while others are only closed at night or on weekends. They are part of the transformation of Chinese cities from socialist cities of production, to cities of play and tertiary employment (Ma, 2004; Yang 2004; Wu, 2004; Short and Kim, 1999). More specifically, they are representative of the decentralization of power from the central government to local municipalities, and of the development of a more market-oriented land development system in China.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Pedestrian Shopping Streets in the Restructuring of the Chinese City","attachmentId":12583527,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1526623/Pedestrian_Shopping_Streets_in_the_Restructuring_of_the_Chinese_City","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1526623/Pedestrian_Shopping_Streets_in_the_Restructuring_of_the_Chinese_City"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="16562047" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16562047/PUBLIC_SPACE_AND_THE_DEVELOPMENT_OF_NEW_CITY_CENTERS_THE_CASE_OF_HANGZHOU">PUBLIC SPACE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CITY CENTERS: THE CASE OF HANGZHOU</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35859590" href="https://upc.academia.edu/mariajosemasnou">maria jose masnou</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Efficient urban mobility is a necessary condition for a successful network of public spaces. As the transportation plans for Hangzhou are being implemented —new BRT and subway networks—, more streets have the potential to become dynamic public spaces and new civic axes. Streets should be considered as successful public spaces and not as mere traffic lanes, which means reconsidering their role and design in new urban mobility strategies. Our research will focus on the study of three central public space nodes whose distinctive urban fabric and public places are the result of different periods in the city's history and its spatial transformation. At present the three subjects of study face diverse challenges and problems as public space nodes and for their efficient connectivity. Field work and analysis of the main assets, deficits and challenges of the three selected central public spaces nodes will be presented: the West lake area, Qiantiang Century City and the Grand Canal area. Finally, using a research by design approach, the study considers the importance of and opportunities for improving connectivity between these central areas in order to build a new extended centrality including all these areas, which would rescale the former West Lake centrality area into a new multi-node city zones.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"PUBLIC SPACE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CITY CENTERS: THE CASE OF HANGZHOU","attachmentId":39051672,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16562047/PUBLIC_SPACE_AND_THE_DEVELOPMENT_OF_NEW_CITY_CENTERS_THE_CASE_OF_HANGZHOU","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16562047/PUBLIC_SPACE_AND_THE_DEVELOPMENT_OF_NEW_CITY_CENTERS_THE_CASE_OF_HANGZHOU"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="25143715" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25143715/The_Evolution_of_an_Urban_Vision_The_Multilevel_Pedestrian_Networks_in_Hong_Kong_1965_1997">The Evolution of an Urban Vision: The Multilevel Pedestrian Networks in Hong Kong, 1965–1997</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48431781" href="https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/CXue">Charlie Xue</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study explores the spatial, social, and administrative conditions that shape Hong Kong's grade-separated pedestrian networks. The integrated elevated pedestrian network was initially developed to facilitate internal circulation within the commercial centers when the city was undergoing rapid growth in the 1960s and 1970s. The vision was incrementally incorporated into statutory and administrative instruments as the city embraced a consumer-oriented economy. This study tracks the evolving concept of grade-separated pedestrian networks in Hong Kong, revisiting the critical actions and written notes in Hong Kong's urban history from 1965 to 1997. The private sector was essential in building the multilevel pedestrian space and in making it a commercially viable urban model. An alternative perspective is proposed from which to consider Hong Kong's public–private conflicts.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Evolution of an Urban Vision: The Multilevel Pedestrian Networks in Hong Kong, 1965–1997","attachmentId":45465516,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25143715/The_Evolution_of_an_Urban_Vision_The_Multilevel_Pedestrian_Networks_in_Hong_Kong_1965_1997","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25143715/The_Evolution_of_an_Urban_Vision_The_Multilevel_Pedestrian_Networks_in_Hong_Kong_1965_1997"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="104212421" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/104212421/The_negotiated_public_realm_in_the_contemporary_city_hybrid_walkable_urban_networks_of_Hong_Kong">The negotiated public realm in the contemporary city: hybrid walkable urban networks of Hong Kong</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17608383" href="https://polyu.academia.edu/GBruyns">Gerhard Bruyns</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">City, Territory and Architecture</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper focuses on the character of multi-level pedestrian accessibility and walkability within the public and quasi-public realm in Hong Kong, using the particular case of the redevelopment of Taikoo Place in Quarry Bay. In an era when the value of public space as a space for public activity and debate is coming under increasing scrutiny, both in Hong Kong and internationally, this paper explores multi-level interior and exterior public and quasi-public realm, as a hybrid form of interior open and transit space in a commercial setting that has becomes a central part of the city’s planning, designed to both serve and profit from the high level of pedestrian traffic. 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class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50570398" href="https://independent.academia.edu/brigittebertoncello">brigitte bertoncello</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">China perspectives, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Urban Planning in China Shanghai: City Planning \"With a Human Face\" The Case of the Gubei Pedestrian Promenade (GPP): The Pedestrianisation of a Densely Populated Area","attachmentId":86407262,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79821747/Urban_Planning_in_China_Shanghai_City_Planning_With_a_Human_Face_The_Case_of_the_Gubei_Pedestrian_Promenade_GPP_The_Pedestrianisation_of_a_Densely_Populated_Area","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79821747/Urban_Planning_in_China_Shanghai_City_Planning_With_a_Human_Face_The_Case_of_the_Gubei_Pedestrian_Promenade_GPP_The_Pedestrianisation_of_a_Densely_Populated_Area"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="88860516" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88860516/Streets_for_people_sustaining_accessible_and_sociable_streets_in_Pasir_Gudang_city_centre">Streets for people: sustaining accessible and sociable streets in Pasir Gudang city centre</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41325567" href="https://utm.academia.edu/DRSharifahSMahdzar">DR Sharifah S Mahdzar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Streets for people: sustaining accessible and sociable streets in Pasir Gudang city centre","attachmentId":92765434,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88860516/Streets_for_people_sustaining_accessible_and_sociable_streets_in_Pasir_Gudang_city_centre","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88860516/Streets_for_people_sustaining_accessible_and_sociable_streets_in_Pasir_Gudang_city_centre"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="39957866" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39957866/STREETS_FOR_PEOPLE_Sustaining_accessible_and_sociable_streets_in_Pasir_Gudang_city_centre_108">STREETS FOR PEOPLE: Sustaining accessible and sociable streets in Pasir Gudang city centre 108</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="88053" href="https://utm-my.academia.edu/DRSHARIFAHSSMAHDZAR">SHARIFAH S A L W A S Y E D MAHDZAR</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Ninth International Space Syntax Symposium, Seoul: Sejong University, 2013, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study provides guidelines on some design measures and implementations through relating the social, socio-physical and spatial (syntactical) factors to the way people behave and use streets in Pasir Gudang City Centre (PGCC). In giving people the priority of use of the streets, their dynamic and static activities are observed and analysed. People behave dynamically when they walk and they are static when stopping, sitting, standing, waiting, watching, eating, etc. The impact of these behaviours are examined in relation to the interrelated function of streets with the affordance of the socio-physical factors which are the architectural topography (i.e. physical designs such as building indents, ledges, windowsills). Accordingly, the scientific aspect of Space Syntax technique or axial line analysis is applied onto the streets in order to obtain their integration (syntactical) value to represent the level of spatial connectivity (configuration) within the streets' local and global network. Static activities are asserted as the predominant social variable in the framework to measure the success of streets in their social and spatial functions i.e. sociability and accessibility. The sociability is measured through the capacity of the street to accommodate static activities. The accessibility relates to the ability of the street to accommodate and distribute static activities within its local and global network. Streets in the twelve zones of areas within a 3 km radius of distance from the city centre were analysed. Interestingly, some primary streets which are highly accessible (or highly-integrated) have been observed with high usage of vehicular traffic but low in use and rather in conducive to the pedestrians and other soft modes of traffic, i.e. the cyclists. On the contrary, the less accessible streets i.e the secondary and tertiary streets with the lower integration values have been more actively used by people. The study concludes by putting forward some recommendations, which include aspects on pedestrian safety and the improvement of the hard and soft scapes in the streets' layout.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"STREETS FOR PEOPLE: Sustaining accessible and sociable streets in Pasir Gudang city centre 108","attachmentId":60146184,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39957866/STREETS_FOR_PEOPLE_Sustaining_accessible_and_sociable_streets_in_Pasir_Gudang_city_centre_108","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39957866/STREETS_FOR_PEOPLE_Sustaining_accessible_and_sociable_streets_in_Pasir_Gudang_city_centre_108"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="69210820" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69210820/New_Public_Space_in_Urban_China_Fewer_Walls_More_Malls_in_Beijing_Shanghai_and_Xining">New Public Space in Urban China. Fewer Walls, More Malls in Beijing, Shanghai and Xining</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="353360" href="https://umass.academia.edu/PiperGaubatz">Piper Gaubatz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">China’s post-reform modernisation and hyper-urbanisation have brought new public spaces to Chinese cities. This article examines the development of a public sphere and five types of new public spaces: newly-open landscapes, squares, commercial spaces, “green” spaces, and transitional spaces. Specific examples are drawn from Beijing, Shanghai, and Xining.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"New Public Space in Urban China. Fewer Walls, More Malls in Beijing, Shanghai and Xining","attachmentId":79392737,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69210820/New_Public_Space_in_Urban_China_Fewer_Walls_More_Malls_in_Beijing_Shanghai_and_Xining","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69210820/New_Public_Space_in_Urban_China_Fewer_Walls_More_Malls_in_Beijing_Shanghai_and_Xining"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="7808972" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7808972/Public_Space_in_Urbanisation_Area_A_Case_Study_of_Xihuangcun_Road">Public Space in Urbanisation Area: A Case Study of Xihuangcun Road</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14468928" href="https://ncut.academia.edu/BiaoWang">Biao Wang</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Public Space in Urbanisation Area: A Case Study of Xihuangcun Road","attachmentId":34313791,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7808972/Public_Space_in_Urbanisation_Area_A_Case_Study_of_Xihuangcun_Road","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7808972/Public_Space_in_Urbanisation_Area_A_Case_Study_of_Xihuangcun_Road"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="35830549" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35830549/WALKABLE_CITIES_IN_HIGH_DENSITY_CHINA_LIVABLE_HEALTHY_AND_SUSTAINABLE">WALKABLE CITIES IN HIGH DENSITY CHINA LIVABLE HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2891094" href="https://iuav.academia.edu/MariaChiaraTosi">Maria Chiara Tosi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Living in the city is often tiring; extended stretches of urban fabric exhibit a profound hostility towards all inhabitants and not only towards the young, oldest, or disabled. Observing the city from this point of view requires mobilizing an observation strategy capable of discovering daily living practices (Certeau, 1980), questioning ourselves as to the reasons and causes of this fatigue and hostility. Recognizing that while sometimes this is due to the lack of services, facilities, and spaces, it often seems rather that the fatigue and hostility are attributable to faulty organization, incorrect operating methods, discontinuity and inaccessibility, and a lack of walkability. These tend to cause inconvenience, discomfort, insecurity and sometimes danger: the excessively far-away school, the discontinuity of the sidewalk or bike path, the fragmentation of green spaces and the difficulty in reaching them, so far the inefficiency of rainwater catchment system along the roads and sidewalks which become impassable.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"WALKABLE CITIES IN HIGH DENSITY CHINA LIVABLE HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE","attachmentId":55707947,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35830549/WALKABLE_CITIES_IN_HIGH_DENSITY_CHINA_LIVABLE_HEALTHY_AND_SUSTAINABLE","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35830549/WALKABLE_CITIES_IN_HIGH_DENSITY_CHINA_LIVABLE_HEALTHY_AND_SUSTAINABLE"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":56355260,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":56355260,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_56355260" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="19901566" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19901566/Pedestrian_Traffic_and_the_Closed_Inner_Courtyards_in_the_21st_Century">Pedestrian Traffic and the Closed Inner Courtyards in the 21st Century</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40566447" href="https://sze.academia.edu/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3J%C3%B3na">László Jóna</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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