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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operation Rübezahl II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation_Rübezahl_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation_Rübezahl_III" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Rübezahl_III"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Operation Rübezahl III</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation_Rübezahl_III-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_R%C3%BCbezahl" title="Opération Rübezahl – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Opération Rübezahl" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operazione_R%C3%BCbezahl" title="Operazione Rübezahl – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Operazione Rübezahl" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Дурмиторская операция – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дурмиторская операция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Дурмиторска операција – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дурмиторска операција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durmitorska_operacija" title="Durmitorska operacija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Durmitorska operacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li 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searchaux" style="display:none">World War II military operation</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Operation Rübezahl I</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II in Yugoslavia</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>12–30 August 1944</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/German-occupied_territory_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="German-occupied territory of Serbia">German-occupied territory of Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/German-occupied_territory_of_Montenegro" title="German-occupied territory of Montenegro">German-occupied territory of Montenegro</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span data-sort-value="Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Government_of_National_Salvation_%28occupied_Yugoslavia%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Government_of_National_Salvation_%28occupied_Yugoslavia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Government_of_National_Salvation_%28occupied_Yugoslavia%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Government_of_National_Salvation_%28occupied_Yugoslavia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Government_of_National_Salvation_%28occupied_Yugoslavia%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Government_of_National_Salvation_%28occupied_Yugoslavia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="376" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Volunteer_Corps" title="Montenegrin Volunteer Corps">Montenegrin Volunteer Corps</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg/20px-Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg/30px-Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg/40px-Free_Arabian_Legion_SSI.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="281" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Arabian_Legion" title="Free Arabian Legion">Free Arabian Legion</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a><br /> <span data-sort-value="Bulgaria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)">Bulgaria</a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Islam_creciente.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Islam_creciente.png/20px-Islam_creciente.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Islam_creciente.png/30px-Islam_creciente.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Islam_creciente.png/40px-Islam_creciente.png 2x" data-file-width="136" data-file-height="129" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sand%C5%BEak_Muslim_militia" title="Sandžak Muslim militia">Sandžak Muslim militia</a> <br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png/20px-21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png/30px-21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png/40px-21st_Waffen_Division_of_the_SS_vehicle_symbol.png 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/21st_Waffen_Mountain_Division_of_the_SS_Skanderbeg" title="21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg">21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans"><img alt="Yugoslav Partisans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Yugoslav Partisans</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1st_Corps_(Yugoslav_Partisans)" title="1st Corps (Yugoslav Partisans)">1st Corps</a><br /><a href="/wiki/2nd_Corps_(Yugoslav_Partisans)" title="2nd Corps (Yugoslav Partisans)">2nd Corps</a> (2 divisions)<br /><a href="/wiki/12th_Corps_(Yugoslav_Partisans)" title="12th Corps (Yugoslav Partisans)">12th Corps</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Artur_Phleps" title="Artur Phleps">Artur Phleps</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans"><img alt="Yugoslav Partisans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281943%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Peko_Dap%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Peko Dapčević">Peko Dapčević</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 50,000</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 16,000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 1,000 injured,<br />unknown killed</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Operation Rübezahl</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Unternehmen Rübezahl</i>) was the name of 3 German anti-partisan operations in Yugoslavia during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The first operation announced the beginning of a strategic retreat by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi German</a> troops from Serbia after the front change of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Rübezahl_I"><span id="Operation_R.C3.BCbezahl_I"></span>Operation Rübezahl I</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_R%C3%BCbezahl&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Operation Rübezahl I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In summer 1944, German soldiers were doing sweeps against communist-led <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Yugoslav Partisans</a> under the overall command of <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>. But on 30 August, after Romania and Bulgaria split from their Nazi ally, Germany entered into a crisis on the <a href="/wiki/Balkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> front. While the forces of the Partisans were moving to unite with the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> in the <a href="/wiki/German-occupied_territory_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="German-occupied territory of Serbia">German-occupied territory of Serbia</a>, German troops tried to avoid defeat in that strategic area by implementing "Operation Rübezahl" to enable the organised retreat of Germans. Among them, there were:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (January 2021)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Mountain_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="1st Mountain Division (Wehrmacht)">1st Mountain Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_SS_Volunteer_Mountain_Division_Prinz_Eugen" title="7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen">7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Waffen_Mountain_Division_of_the_SS_Handschar_(1st_Croatian)" title="13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian)">13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Waffen_Mountain_Division_of_the_SS_Skanderbeg_(1st_Albanian)" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg (1st Albanian)">21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg (1st Albanian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Arabian_Legion" title="Free Arabian Legion">Free Arabian Legion</a></li></ul> <p>Between 20 and 22 August, German troops surrounded and destroyed a particularly large Partisan unit moving westwards from the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a> to occupied Serbia. Only a few Partisans survived thanks to Allied planes which managed to land on battered airstrips, air-lifting about a thousand injured to hospitals located in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (January 2021)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Rübezahl_II"><span id="Operation_R.C3.BCbezahl_II"></span>Operation Rübezahl II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_R%C3%BCbezahl&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operation Rübezahl II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Operation Rübezahl II was a German offensive in February 1945 against Yugoslav partisans in the <a href="/wiki/Slovene_Littoral" title="Slovene Littoral">Slovene Littoral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_Rübezahl_III"><span id="Operation_R.C3.BCbezahl_III"></span>Operation Rübezahl III</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_R%C3%BCbezahl&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operation Rübezahl III"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Operation Rübezahl III was a German and Croat offensive in March 1945 against the Yugoslav <a href="/wiki/30th_Division_(Yugoslav_Partisans)" title="30th Division (Yugoslav Partisans)">30th 'Slovenia' Division</a>, who was threatening the important port city of <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_R%C3%BCbezahl&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGiorgi2015" class="citation book cs1">Giorgi, Alessandro (26 August 2015). <i>Cronaca della Seconda Guerra Mondiale 1939-1945</i>. p. 374. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786050408539" title="Special:BookSources/9786050408539"><bdi>9786050408539</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cronaca+della+Seconda+Guerra+Mondiale+1939-1945&rft.pages=374&rft.date=2015-08-26&rft.isbn=9786050408539&rft.aulast=Giorgi&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thule-italia.com/wordpress/2013/03/14/prinz-eugen-la-7a-divisione-da-montagna-delle-waffen-ss-terza-e-ultima-parte/">"PRINZ EUGEN LA 7a DIVISIONE DA MONTAGNA DELLE WAFFEN SS – terza e ultima parte"</a>. <i>Thule Italia</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thule+Italia&rft.atitle=PRINZ+EUGEN+LA+7a+DIVISIONE+DA+MONTAGNA+DELLE+WAFFEN+SS+%E2%80%93+terza+e+ultima+parte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthule-italia.com%2Fwordpress%2F2013%2F03%2F14%2Fprinz-eugen-la-7a-divisione-da-montagna-delle-waffen-ss-terza-e-ultima-parte%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAfiero" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Afiero, Massimiliano. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maxafiero.it/7ss.htm">"PRINZ EUGEN"</a>. <i>www.maxafiero.it</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.maxafiero.it&rft.atitle=PRINZ+EUGEN&rft.aulast=Afiero&rft.aufirst=Massimiliano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maxafiero.it%2F7ss.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://codenames.info/operation/rubezahl-ii/">"Operation Rübezahl II"</a>. <i>Code names</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Code+names&rft.atitle=Operation+R%C3%BCbezahl+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcodenames.info%2Foperation%2Frubezahl-ii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://codenames.info/operation/rubezahl-iii/">"Operation Rübezahl III"</a>. <i>Code names</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Code+names&rft.atitle=Operation+R%C3%BCbezahl+III&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcodenames.info%2Foperation%2Frubezahl-iii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_R%C3%BCbezahl&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBambara1988" class="citation book cs1">Bambara, Gino (1988). <i>La guerra di liberazione nazionale della Jugoslavia (1941-1943)</i>. 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Carocci.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27occupazione+allegra.+Gli+italiani+in+Jugoslavia+%281941-1943%29&rft.pub=Carocci&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Gobetti&rft.aufirst=Eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBauer1971" class="citation book cs1">Bauer, Eddy (1971). <i>Storia controversa della seconda guerra mondiale</i>. Vol. VII. De Agostini.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storia+controversa+della+seconda+guerra+mondiale&rft.pub=De+Agostini&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Bauer&rft.aufirst=Eddy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Gilas" class="citation book cs1">Gilas, Milovan (2011). <i>La guerra rivoluzionaria jugoslava. 1941-1945. Ricordi e riflessioni</i>. LEG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-6102-083-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-6102-083-2"><bdi>978-88-6102-083-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+guerra+rivoluzionaria+jugoslava.+1941-1945.+Ricordi+e+riflessioni&rft.pub=LEG&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-88-6102-083-2&rft.aulast=Gilas&rft.aufirst=Milovan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+R%C3%BCbezahl" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="Template:World War II in Yugoslavia"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="Template talk:World War II in Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World War II in Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II in Yugoslavia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1941</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li>Uprising in Bosnia and Herzegovina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_1941_Sanski_Most_revolt" title="May 1941 Sanski Most revolt">May 1941 Sanski Most revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1941_uprising_in_eastern_Herzegovina" title="June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina">June uprising in eastern Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rogatica_(1941)" title="Siege of Rogatica (1941)">Siege of Rogatica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Olovo_(1941)" title="Capture of Olovo (1941)">Olovo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Serbia_(1941)" title="Uprising in Serbia (1941)">Uprising in Serbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loznica_(1941)" title="Battle of Loznica (1941)">Battle of Loznica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Banja_Kovilja%C4%8Da" title="Capture of Banja Koviljača">Battle of Banja Koviljača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_%C5%A0abac" title="Attack on Šabac">Attack on Šabac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%8Dva_operation" title="Mačva operation">Mačva operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tre%C5%A1njica" title="Battle of Trešnjica">Battle of Trešnjica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Attack on Kruševac">Kruševac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kraljevo" title="Siege of Kraljevo">Kraljevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Uzice" title="Operation Uzice">Operation Uzice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mihailovic" title="Operation Mihailovic">Operation Mihailovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Novi_Pazar" title="Battle of Novi Pazar">Novi Pazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sjenica_(1941)" title="Battle of Sjenica (1941)">Sjenica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Montenegro_(1941)" title="Uprising in Montenegro (1941)">Uprising in Montenegro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pljevlja" title="Battle of Pljevlja">Battle of Pljevlja</a></li></ul></li> <li>Uprising in Croatia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Partisans#History" title="Croatian Partisans">Croatian Partisans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srb_uprising" title="Srb uprising">Srb uprising</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karadak-Gollak_Uprising_(1941%E2%80%931951)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karadak-Gollak Uprising (1941–1951)">Karadak-Gollak Uprising (1941–1951)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1942</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southeast_Croatia" title="Operation Southeast Croatia">Operations Southeast Croatia and Ozren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Trio" title="Operation Trio">Operation Trio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetnik_sabotage_of_Axis_communication_lines" title="Chetnik sabotage of Axis communication lines">Chetnik sabotage of Axis communication lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozara_Offensive" title="Kozara Offensive">Kozara Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Alfa" title="Operation Alfa">Operation Alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kopaonik" title="Operation Kopaonik">Operation Kopaonik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1943</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Case_White" title="Case White">Case White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Black" title="Case Black">Case Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Turjak" title="Siege of Turjak">Siege of Turjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kugelblitz" title="Operation Kugelblitz">Operation Kugelblitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vi%C5%A1egrad" title="Battle of Višegrad">Battle of Višegrad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1944</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kugelblitz" title="Operation Kugelblitz">Operations Kugelblitz and Schneesturm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_R%C3%B6sselsprung_(1944)" title="Operation Rösselsprung (1944)">Operation Rösselsprung</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Operation Rübezahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_offensive" title="Belgrade offensive">Belgrade offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Draufg%C3%A4nger" title="Operation Draufgänger">Operation Draufgänger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jelova_Gora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Jelova Gora (page does not exist)">Battle of Jelova Gora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Operation_(1944)" title="Kosovo Operation (1944)">Kosovo Operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knin" title="Battle of Knin">Battle of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tuzla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Tuzla (page does not exist)">Battle of Tuzla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Batina" title="Battle of Batina">Battle of Batina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1945</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrmian_Front" title="Syrmian Front">Syrmian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostar_operation" title="Mostar operation">Mostar operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Operation" title="Sarajevo Operation">Sarajevo Operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lijev%C4%8De_Field" title="Battle of Lijevče Field">Battle of Lijevče Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zelengora" title="Battle of Zelengora">Battle of Zelengora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poljana" title="Battle of Poljana">Battle of Poljana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Od%C5%BEak" title="Battle of Odžak">Battle of Odžak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Croatia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_in_World_War_II" title="Zagreb in World War II">Zagreb in World War II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Macedonia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslav_Macedonia" title="World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia">World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_during_World_War_II" title="Kosovo during World War II">Kosovo during World War II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Slovenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_the_Slovene_Lands" title="World War II in the Slovene Lands">World War II in the Slovene Lands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Strategic bombing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Belgrade <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Retribution_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Retribution (1941)">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Belgrade_(1944)" title="Bombing of Belgrade (1944)">1944</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Podgorica_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Podgorica in World War II">Podgorica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Sarajevo_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Sarajevo in World War II">Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Zadar_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Zadar in World War II">Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Zagreb_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Zagreb in World War II">Zagreb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>see also</dt> <dd></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Factions_in_the_Yugoslav_Front" title="Template:Factions in the Yugoslav Front">Factions in the Yugoslav Front</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Template:People_of_the_Yugoslav_Front" title="Template:People of the Yugoslav Front">People of the Yugoslav Front</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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