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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Lineage_of_Ramanandi_Sampradaya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lineage_of_Ramanandi_Sampradaya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Lineage of Ramanandi Sampradaya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lineage_of_Ramanandi_Sampradaya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caste</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Denomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saints" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Saints</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> 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href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A5" title="रामानंद पंथ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रामानंद पंथ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramanandisampradaja" title="Ramanandisampradaja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ramanandisampradaja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Рамаизм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рамаизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Branch of the Vaishnava Hinduism</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Ramanandi Sampradaya</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramanandi_Himachal.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ramanandi_Himachal.webp/187px-Ramanandi_Himachal.webp.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ramanandi_Himachal.webp/280px-Ramanandi_Himachal.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ramanandi_Himachal.webp/374px-Ramanandi_Himachal.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait of a Ramanandi ascetic worshipping <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a> <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mandi_State" title="Mandi State">Mandi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>, India), first half of the 19th century</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Founder</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> • <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> • <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> • <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> • <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> • <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> • <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> • <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> • <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> • <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Religions</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Scriptures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Valmiki_Ramayana" class="mw-redirect" title="Valmiki Ramayana">Valmiki Ramayana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adhyatma_Ramayana" title="Adhyatma Ramayana">Adhyatma Ramayana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhaktamal" title="Bhaktamal">Bhaktamal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vaishnava_Matabja_Bhaskara" title="Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara">Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinaya_Patrika" title="Vinaya Patrika">Vinaya Patrika</a>, Ananda Bhashya (Brahma Sutra Upaniṣad Gita), <a href="/wiki/Ramarchana_Paddhati" title="Ramarchana Paddhati">Ramarchana Paddhati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maithili_Maha_Upanishad" title="Maithili Maha Upanishad">Maithili Maha Upanishad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valmiki_Samhita" title="Valmiki Samhita">Valmiki Samhita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hanuman_Chalisa" title="Hanuman Chalisa">Hanuman Chalisa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sita_Upanishad" title="Sita Upanishad">Sita Upanishad</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Ramanandi</b> (<a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a>: <i><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span></i>), also known as <b>Ramavats</b> (<span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāmāvat</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is one of the largest sects of <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of 52 sub-branches of Vaishnavism, divided into four Vaishnava <i><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">sampradayas</a></i>, 36 are held by the Ramanandi.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sect mainly emphasizes the worship of <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">avatars</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>. They consider Rama and Sita as the Supreme Absolute who are not different from each other. It is considered to have been founded by <a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a>, a 14th-century Vaishnava <a href="/wiki/Sant_(religion)" title="Sant (religion)">saint</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-schomer_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schomer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-selva_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-selva-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lochtefeld_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lochtefeld-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lineage_of_Ramanandi_Sampradaya">Lineage of Ramanandi Sampradaya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Vaishnavism" title="Category:Vaishnavism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color: #c9d5f2; border-color: #001A57"><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Vaishnavism</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Git_govind_large.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Closeup of Vishnu, seated in the lotus position on a lotus. From depiction of the poet Jayadeva bowing to Vishnu, Gouache on paper Pahari, The very picture of devotion, bare-bodied, head bowed, legs crossed and hands folded, Jayadeva stands at left, with the implements of worship placed before the lotus-seat of Vishnu who sits there, blessing the poet."><img alt="Closeup of Vishnu, seated in the lotus position on a lotus. From depiction of the poet Jayadeva bowing to Vishnu, Gouache on paper Pahari, The very picture of devotion, bare-bodied, head bowed, legs crossed and hands folded, Jayadeva stands at left, with the implements of worship placed before the lotus-seat of Vishnu who sits there, blessing the poet." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/220px-Git_govind_large.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/330px-Git_govind_large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/440px-Git_govind_large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="386" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Supreme deity</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Important deities</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurma" title="Kurma">Kurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha" title="Varaha">Varaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasurama" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasurama">Parasurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Balarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha in Hinduism">Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other forms</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhanvantari" title="Dhanvantari">Dhanvantari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayurappan" title="Guruvayurappan">Guruvayurappan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayagriva" title="Hayagriva">Hayagriva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohini" title="Mohini">Mohini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara-Narayana" title="Nara-Narayana">Nara-Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithu" title="Prithu">Prithu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrinathji" title="Shrinathji">Shrinathji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkateshvara" class="mw-redirect" title="Venkateshvara">Venkateshvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithoba" title="Vithoba">Vithoba</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Consorts</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamelu" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamelu">Alamelu</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Related</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garuda" title="Garuda">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shesha" title="Shesha">Shesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(deity)" title="Shasta (deity)">Shasta</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu scriptures"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Holy scriptures</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasa" title="Vaikhanasa">Vaikhanasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harivamsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Harivamsa">Harivamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divya_Prabandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Divya Prabandha">Divya Prabandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gita_Govinda" title="Gita Govinda">Gita Govinda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Sampradayas</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Sampradaya">Sri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_Sampradaya" title="Rudra Sampradaya">Rudra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Śuddhādvaita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81ra_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumāra Sampradaya">Kumara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dvaitadvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaitadvaita">Dvaitadvaita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Brahma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tattvavada" class="mw-redirect" title="Tattvavada">Tattvavada</a> or (<a href="/wiki/Dvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaita">Dvaita</a>)), <a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Acintyabhedabheda</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Others</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekasarana_Dharma" title="Ekasarana Dharma">Ekasarana Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanubhava" title="Mahanubhava">Mahanubhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranami_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Pranami Sampraday">Pranami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Vallabh_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Radha Vallabh Sampradaya">Radha Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsnehi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramsnehi">Ramsnehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Vaishnava-Sahajiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warkari" title="Warkari">Warkari</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Acharya" title="Acharya"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Teachers—acharyas</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnyaneshwar" title="Dnyaneshwar">Jñāneśvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavdev" title="Madhavdev">Madhavdev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhvacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Manavala Mamunigal">Manavala Mamunigal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nammalvar" title="Nammalvar">Nammalvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathamuni" title="Nathamuni">Nathamuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimbarka">Nimbarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabha_Tirtha" title="Padmanabha Tirtha">Padmanabha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillai_Lokacharya" title="Pillai Lokacharya">Pillai Lokacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Tirtha" title="Raghavendra Tirtha">Raghavendra Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabhinava_Tirtha" title="Satyabhinava Tirtha">Satyabhinava Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabodha_Tirtha" title="Satyabodha Tirtha">Satyabodha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadharma_Tirtha" title="Satyadharma Tirtha">Satyadharma Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyapati" title="Vidyapati">Vidyapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnuswami" title="Vishnuswami">Vishnuswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitthalanatha" title="Vitthalanatha">Viṭṭhalanātha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasatirtha" title="Vyasatirtha">Vyasatirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunacharya" title="Yamunacharya">Yamunacharya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Related traditions</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavatism">Bhagavatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaikhanasas">Vaikhanasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Tenkalai_("southern")_-_Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Tenkalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Vadakalai_("northern")_-_Vedanta_Desika" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Vadakalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munitraya_Sampradayam" class="mw-redirect" title="Munitraya Sampradayam">Munitraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannathism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa" title="Haridasa">Haridasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Sahajiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushtimarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">ISKCON</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramanandi">Ramanandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapadi" title="Kapadi">Kapadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmikism" title="Balmikism">Balmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanam_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanam Sampraday">Mahanam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Template:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vaishnavism" title="Template talk:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The lineage of Ramanandi Sampradaya is claimed to start from <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lineage as said by Anantanandacharya to <a href="/wiki/Krishnadas_Payahari" title="Krishnadas Payahari">Krishnadas Payahari</a> is: </p> <ul><li>Rama</li> <li>Sita</li> <li>Hanuman</li> <li>Brahma</li> <li>Vasishtha</li> <li>Parashara</li> <li>Vyasa</li> <li>Shuka</li> <li>Bodhayana (Purushottamacharya)</li> <li>Gangadharacharya</li> <li>Sadaanandacharya</li> <li>Rameshvaranandacharya</li> <li>Dvaranandacharya</li> <li>Devanandacharya</li> <li>Shyamanandacharya</li> <li>Shrutanandacharya</li> <li>Chidanandacharya</li> <li>Purnanandacharya</li> <li>Shriyanandacharya</li> <li>Haryanandacharya</li> <li>Raghavananadacharya</li> <li>Ramanandacharya<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caste">Caste</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Caste"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bairagi_Brahmin" class="mw-redirect" title="Bairagi Brahmin">Bairagi Brahmin</a></div> <p>People of this sect are known as Vaishnavite in Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Rajasthan. At the beginning of the 20th century, this sect declared to be the descendants of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Rama" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Rama">Rāma's</a> sons, <a href="/wiki/Kusha_(Ramayana)" title="Kusha (Ramayana)">Kusha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lava_(Ramayana)" title="Lava (Ramayana)">Lava</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaffrelot2003_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaffrelot2003-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Denomination">Denomination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Denomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unknown_Indian_-_Rama,_Lakshmana,_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Unknown_Indian_-_Rama%2C_Lakshmana%2C_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Unknown_Indian_-_Rama%2C_Lakshmana%2C_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Unknown_Indian_-_Rama%2C_Lakshmana%2C_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Unknown_Indian_-_Rama%2C_Lakshmana%2C_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Unknown_Indian_-_Rama%2C_Lakshmana%2C_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Unknown_Indian_-_Rama%2C_Lakshmana%2C_and_Sita_Cooking_and_Eating_in_the_Wilderness_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2075" data-file-height="2401" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lakshmana" title="Lakshmana">Lakshmana</a> cooking and eating in the Wilderness (picture).</figcaption></figure> <p>The Ramanandi Sampradaya is one of the largest and most egalitarian Hindu sects India, around the <a href="/wiki/Gangetic_Plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangetic Plain">Gangetic Plain</a>, and Nepal today.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It mainly emphasises the worship of <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rāma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> directly and other incarnations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004255_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004255-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span> ascetics rely upon meditation and strict ascetic practices, but also believe that the grace of god is required for them to achieve liberation. For that reason, the <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Tyāga</i></span> section of the <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span> ascetics, unlike some <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Śaiva</i></span> ascetics, do not cut the <a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">sacred thread</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316"Wear_a_Sacred_Thread"_is_noted_as_a_distinctive_mark_of_<span_title="International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_transliteration"><i_lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span>_ascetics_in_Table_33,_"Groups_and_Sects_of_Ascetics"._15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316"Wear_a_Sacred_Thread"_is_noted_as_a_distinctive_mark_of_<span_title="International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_transliteration"><i_lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span>_ascetics_in_Table_33,_"Groups_and_Sects_of_Ascetics".-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their reasoning for this is that only <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Viṣṇu</i></span> or <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāma</i></span> can grant liberation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004256_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004256-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most Ramanandis consider themselves to be the followers of <a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Vaishnava" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava">Vaishnava</a> saint in medieval India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERajHarman2007165_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERajHarman2007165-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philosophically, they follow <a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a> (<a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a> <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Viśiṣṭādvaita</i></span>) tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its ascetic wing constitutes the largest Vaishnava <a href="/wiki/Hindu_monasticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu monasticism">monastic order</a> and may possibly be the largest monastic order in all of India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster's_Encyclopedia_1999_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster's_Encyclopedia_1999-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two major subgroups of Ramanandi ascetics: the Tyagi, who use ash for initiation, and the Naga, who are the militant wing.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Ramanandi Sampradaya originates from Rama, who initiated Sita with his six-letter mantra. Sita later initiated her beloved disciple Hanuman with the same mantra. According to <i>Shanti Lala Nagar,</i> quoting <a href="/wiki/Valmiki_Samhita" title="Valmiki Samhita">Valmiki Samhita</a> says "The Supreme Being, Rama, always ready to protect his eternal servants and to assist those with meek hearts. This is well-known in the Vedas. He created this universe and, with the desire for the welfare of people, Rama imparted the transcendental mantra to Sita, the daughter of King Janaka than She revealed this to the glorious Hanuman, the repository of virtues. Hanuman then conveyed it to Brahma, who in turn passed it on to the sage Vasishtha. Thus, in this sequence, the divine mantra descended into this world."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is claimed that this tradition has been established in all four Yugas and in <a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kaliyuga</a> Rama himself appeared as Ramanandacharya at <a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamal" title="Bhaktamal">Bhaktamal</a></i>, a gigantic hagiographic work on Hindu saints and devotees written by <a href="/wiki/Nabha_Dass" title="Nabha Dass">Nabhadas</a> in 1660,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallewaertSnell199495_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallewaertSnell199495-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a core text for all Vaishnavas including Ramanandis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch199655_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch199655-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many localised commentaries of <i><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamal" title="Bhaktamal">Bhaktamal</a></i> were taught to young Vaishnavas across India. In the 19th century, proliferation of the printing press in the <a href="/wiki/Gangetic_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangetic plain">Gangetic plains</a> of North India allowed various commentaries of the text to be widely distributed. Of these, Jankidas Sri Vaishnav's edition of Bhaktamal known as <i>Bhaktamal Bhaskara</i> is considered to be the most authoritative as He has used the most oldest handwritten manuscripts in this edition.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ramananda's guru Raghavananda is described as an egalitarian guru who taught students of all castes. Ramananda himself is described as an <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>, a humble student with great yogic talents. </p><p><i>Munsi Ram Sharma</i> says that more than 500 disciples of Ramananda who lives with him in Varanasi.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is said that propagator of Ramanadi tradition is <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a>. She first imparted teachings to <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>, through which the revelation of this secret occurred in the world. Due to this, the name of this tradition is Sri Sampradaya, and its main mantra is referred to as the 'Ram Tarak Mantra'.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The guru imparts initiation of sacred Ram mantra into the disciple's ear. They apply an upward-pointing tilak (urdhva pund) on the forehead. Complete devotion and immersion in devotional songs (bhajans) is the tradition's way of life. Most saints lead a life of renunciation (paramhansa) within this tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farquhar credits Ramananda<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his followers as the origin of the North Indian practice of using Ram to refer to the <a href="/wiki/Absolute_(philosophy)" title="Absolute (philosophy)">Absolute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323–324_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323–324-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farquhar finds no evidence to show that Ramananda endeavoured to "overturn caste as a social institution".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920324–325_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920324–325-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, Sita Ram, author of the <i>Vaishnava history of Ayodhya</i>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Abraham_Grierson" title="George Abraham Grierson">George Grierson</a>, eminent linguist and Indologist, represent Ramananda as saint who tried to transcend caste divisions of medieval India through the message of love and equality. The scholars also disagree on Ramananda's connection with Ramanuja. While Farquhar finds them completely unconnected, Sita Ram and Grierson finds Ramananda connection with Ramanuja tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch199661_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch199661-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But a historical debate held between Ramanuj and Ramanand tradition in Ujjain Kumbh 1921, ended up the issue of both the traditions being one; Ramanuja Ramprapannadas from Ramanuj tradition got defeated from Bhagvaddas of Ramanandi tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch1996_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch1996-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Up to the nineteenth century, many of the trade routes in northern India were guarded by groups of warrior-ascetics, including the Nāgā sections of the Rāmānandīs, who were feared because of their strength and fearlessness.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British took steps to disarm these militant groups of ascetics, but even today the sects still retain their heroic traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ramanandi live chiefly in the northern part of India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ramanandi monasteries are found throughout northern, western and central India, the Ganges basin, the Nepalese <a href="/wiki/Terai" title="Terai">Terai</a>, and the Himalayan foothills.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ramanandis are spread across India, mainly in <a href="/wiki/Jammu_division" title="Jammu division">Jammu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of Hindu immigrants to <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> as well as substantial section of Hindus in United Kingdom of Great Britain belong to Vaishnava sects such as the Ramanandi. Ramanandi has had a major influence on the mainstream <a href="/wiki/Sanatani" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanatani">Sanatani</a> (orthodox) sect of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Hinduism in Trinidad and Tobago">Hinduism in Trinidad and Tobago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest2001743_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWest2001743-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saints">Saints</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Saints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saints <a href="/wiki/Dhanna_Bhagat" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhanna Bhagat">Dhanna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Pipa" title="Bhagat Pipa">Pipa</a> were among the immediate disciples of Ramananda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hymns written by them find mention in the <a href="/wiki/Adi_Granth" class="mw-redirect" title="Adi Granth">Adi Granth</a>, holy scripture of the <a href="/wiki/Sikhs" title="Sikhs">Sikhs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod19875_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod19875-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sects founded by saints <a href="/wiki/Raidas" class="mw-redirect" title="Raidas">Raidas</a>, Sena and Maluk Das are also of a direct Ramanandi origin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The poet-saint <a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a>, who composed the <a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a>, was a member of this sect.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His writings are regarded to have made <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> devotees of each other and thereby bridged the gap between Vaishnavas and Shaivas. Because Tulsidas attempted to reconcile various theologies scholars like <a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Shukla" title="Ramchandra Shukla">Ramchandra Shukla</a> do not agree that he can be considered to be a Ramanandi exclusively.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShukla200244_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShukla200244-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some sources say <a href="/wiki/Jayadeva" title="Jayadeva">Jayadeva</a>, who composed the <a href="/wiki/Gita_Govinda" title="Gita Govinda">Gita Govinda</a>, was also a member of this sect.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sources classify Jayadeva simply as a Bengali Vaishnava.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a> was also disciple of Ramananda and part of Ramanandi Sampradaya,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir also founded a separate sect that is now known as the <a href="/wiki/Kabirpanthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabirpanthi">Kabirpanthi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another bhakti saint, <a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a>, who was also a disciple of Ramananda, followed Ramanandi Sampradaya and also founded the Ravidassia sect.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJha201312_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJha201312-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamal" title="Bhaktamal">Bhaktamal</a>, a poem written c. 1585 in <a href="/wiki/Braj_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Braj language">Braj language</a>, gives short biographies of more than 200 bhaktas. It was written by <a href="/wiki/Nabha_Dass" title="Nabha Dass">Nabha Dass</a>, a saint belonging to the tradition of Ramananda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2001451_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2001451-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also extols the piety of Ramanandi saint Bhagwan and miraculous powers of his disciple Narain, who founded the Ramanandi Vaishnav temple named <a href="/wiki/Thakurdwara_Bhagwan_Narainji" class="mw-redirect" title="Thakurdwara Bhagwan Narainji">Thakurdwara Bhagwan Narainji</a> in Pandori dham in <a href="/wiki/Gurdaspur_district" title="Gurdaspur district">Gurdaspur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ramananda, the founder of the sampraday"><img alt="Ramananda, the founder of the sampraday" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg/156px-Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg/235px-Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg/313px-Swami_Ramanandacharya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1586" data-file-height="2282" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a>, the founder of the sampraday </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaturbhuj_Temple,_Orchha.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rama's Chaturbhuj Temple (Orchha) (Madhya Pradesh)"><img alt="Rama's Chaturbhuj Temple (Orchha) (Madhya Pradesh)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Chaturbhuj_Temple%2C_Orchha.jpg/300px-Chaturbhuj_Temple%2C_Orchha.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Chaturbhuj_Temple%2C_Orchha.jpg/451px-Chaturbhuj_Temple%2C_Orchha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Chaturbhuj_Temple%2C_Orchha.jpg/600px-Chaturbhuj_Temple%2C_Orchha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rama's <i><a href="/wiki/Chaturbhuj_Temple_(Orchha)" title="Chaturbhuj Temple (Orchha)">Chaturbhuj Temple (Orchha)</a></i> (Madhya Pradesh)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 262.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ram_Mandir,_Bhubaneswar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ram Mandir, Bhubaneswar (Orisha)"><img alt="Ram Mandir, Bhubaneswar (Orisha)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ram_Mandir%2C_Bhubaneswar.jpg/391px-Ram_Mandir%2C_Bhubaneswar.jpg" decoding="async" width="261" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ram_Mandir%2C_Bhubaneswar.jpg/587px-Ram_Mandir%2C_Bhubaneswar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ram_Mandir%2C_Bhubaneswar.jpg/782px-Ram_Mandir%2C_Bhubaneswar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="691" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ram_Mandir,_Bhubaneswar" title="Ram Mandir, Bhubaneswar">Ram Mandir, Bhubaneswar</a> (Orisha)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 201.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 199.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hanuman at the entrance of Sita Ramachandraswamy temple, Bhadrachalam (Telangana)"><img alt="Hanuman at the entrance of Sita Ramachandraswamy temple, Bhadrachalam (Telangana)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg/299px-Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg/449px-Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg/598px-Hanuman_at_Badrachalam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="602" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a> at the entrance of <a href="/wiki/Sita_Ramachandraswamy_temple,_Bhadrachalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sita Ramachandraswamy temple, Bhadrachalam">Sita Ramachandraswamy temple, Bhadrachalam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bairagi_Brahmin" class="mw-redirect" title="Bairagi Brahmin">Bairagi Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_movement" title="Bhakti movement">Bhakti movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmiki_sect" class="mw-redirect" title="Balmiki sect">Balmiki sect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Hindu denominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maithili_Maha_Upanishad" title="Maithili Maha Upanishad">Maithili Maha Upanishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambhadracharya" title="Rambhadracharya">Rambhadracharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Ramarchan_Paddati" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Ramarchan Paddati">Sri Ramarchan Paddati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakurdwara_Bhagwan_Narainji" class="mw-redirect" title="Thakurdwara Bhagwan Narainji">Thakurdwara Bhagwan Narainji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava_Matabja_Bhaskara" title="Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara">Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki_Samhita" title="Valmiki Samhita">Valmiki Samhita</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels (2004</a>, p. 255): "many groups that are considered <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Vaiṣṇava</i></span> also worship <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Śiva</i></span>. The largest ascetic groups that celebrate the Śivaratri festival with mortification of the flesh and pilgrimages are the <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Vaiṣṇava</i></span> <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span>s."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004254_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>, p. 254.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwananda198410_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTattwananda1984">Tattwananda 1984</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurghart1983362_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurghart1983">Burghart 1983</a>, p. 362.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFR._Pinch1996" class="citation book cs1">R. Pinch, William (1996). <i>Peasants and Monks in British India</i>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520200616" title="Special:BookSources/9780520200616"><bdi>9780520200616</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peasants+and+Monks+in+British+India&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780520200616&rft.aulast=R.+Pinch&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schomer-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-schomer_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schomer and McLeod (1987), The Sants: Studies in a Devotional Tradition of India, Motilal Banarsidass, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120802773" title="Special:BookSources/9788120802773">9788120802773</a>, pages 4-6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-selva-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-selva_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Selva Raj and William Harman (2007), Dealing with Deities: The Ritual Vow in South Asia, State University of New York Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0791467084" title="Special:BookSources/978-0791467084">978-0791467084</a>, pages 165-166</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lochtefeld-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lochtefeld_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James G Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0823931804" title="Special:BookSources/978-0823931804">978-0823931804</a>, pages 553-554</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMishra1957" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mishra, Bhuvaneshwar (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.347293/page/n158/mode/1up"><i>Ram Bhakti Me Madhur Upasna</i></a> (in Hindi). Bihar Rastrabhasha Parishad. p. 127.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ram+Bhakti+Me+Madhur+Upasna&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Bihar+Rastrabhasha+Parishad&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Bhuvaneshwar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.347293%2Fpage%2Fn158%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDagar2012" class="citation journal cs1">Dagar, Mukesh Kumar (28 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ijsrst.com/paper/9279.pdf">"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Vaishnava Sampradaya Dharma Shatra</i>. <b>IV</b> (II): 419–436.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaishnava+Sampradaya+Dharma+Shatra&rft.atitle=International+Journal+of+Scientific+Research+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.volume=IV&rft.issue=II&rft.pages=419-436&rft.date=2012-05-28&rft.aulast=Dagar&rft.aufirst=Mukesh+Kumar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fijsrst.com%2Fpaper%2F9279.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_raama/shrIrAmamantrarAjaparamparAstotram.html">"Shri Anantanandacharyakritam Shriramamantrarajaparampara Stotram"</a>. <i>sanskritdocuments.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sanskritdocuments.org&rft.atitle=Shri+Anantanandacharyakritam+Shriramamantrarajaparampara+Stotram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsanskritdocuments.org%2Fdoc_raama%2FshrIrAmamantrarAjaparamparAstotram.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitra1942" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mitra, Ramkishore Das (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rGFD_guru-mahatmya-by-ramkishor-das-mitra-1942-bhagavati-prasad-press-lucknow/page/n16/mode/1up"><i>Guru Mahatmya</i></a> (in Sanskrit and Hindi) (1st ed.). Lucknow: Bhagavati Prasad Press Lucknow. p. 17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guru+Mahatmya&rft.place=Lucknow&rft.pages=17&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Bhagavati+Prasad+Press+Lucknow&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Mitra&rft.aufirst=Ramkishore+Das&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FrGFD_guru-mahatmya-by-ramkishor-das-mitra-1942-bhagavati-prasad-press-lucknow%2Fpage%2Fn16%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaffrelot2003-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaffrelot2003_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJaffrelot2003">Jaffrelot 2003</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004255-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004255_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>, p. 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316"Wear_a_Sacred_Thread"_is_noted_as_a_distinctive_mark_of_<span_title="International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_transliteration"><i_lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span>_ascetics_in_Table_33,_"Groups_and_Sects_of_Ascetics".-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316"Wear_a_Sacred_Thread"_is_noted_as_a_distinctive_mark_of_<span_title="International_Alphabet_of_Sanskrit_transliteration"><i_lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span>_ascetics_in_Table_33,_"Groups_and_Sects_of_Ascetics"._15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>, p. 316, "Wear a Sacred Thread" is noted as a distinctive mark of <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Rāmānandī</i></span> ascetics in Table 33, "Groups and Sects of Ascetics"..</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004256-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004256_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>, p. 256.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERajHarman2007165-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERajHarman2007165_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRajHarman2007">Raj & Harman 2007</a>, p. 165.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChadwick1988" class="citation book cs1">Chadwick, James (1988). <i>Indian Traditions & Philosophy</i> (2nd ed.). p. 146.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Traditions+%26+Philosophy&rft.pages=146&rft.edition=2nd&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster's_Encyclopedia_1999-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerriam-Webster's_Encyclopedia_1999_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMerriam-Webster's_Encyclopedia_1999">Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia 1999</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004316_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>, p. 316.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagar2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nagar, Shanti Lal (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MnjXAAAAMAAJ"><i>Hanuman through the ages</i></a> (in Sanskrit and English). Vol. 2 (1st ed.). B.R. Publishing Corporation. p. 403. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7646-461-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7646-461-1"><bdi>978-81-7646-461-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hanuman+through+the+ages&rft.pages=403&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=B.R.+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-7646-461-1&rft.aulast=Nagar&rft.aufirst=Shanti+Lal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMnjXAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTiwari1974" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tiwari, Nanad Kishore (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g-oNAAAAMAAJ"><i>Madhyayuga ke bhaktikavya mei maya</i></a> (in Hindi). Śodha Sāhitya Prakāśana. p. 151.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Madhyayuga+ke+bhaktikavya+mei+maya&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=%C5%9Aodha+S%C4%81hitya+Prak%C4%81%C5%9Bana&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Tiwari&rft.aufirst=Nanad+Kishore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg-oNAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallewaertSnell199495-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallewaertSnell199495_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCallewaertSnell1994">Callewaert & Snell 1994</a>, p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch199655-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch199655_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPinch1996">Pinch 1996</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNabhadas1965" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2">Nabhadas, Jankidas (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N55HAAAAMAAJ"><i>Bhaktamal</i></a> (in Hindi and Braj) (1st ed.). Varanasi: Thākuraprasāda. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhaktamal&rft.place=Varanasi&rft.pages=2&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Th%C4%81kurapras%C4%81da&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Nabhadas&rft.aufirst=Jankidas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN55HAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma1979" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sharma, Munsi Ram (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n0AqAAAAYAAJ"><i>Bhakti ka vikasa</i></a> (in Hindi) (1st ed.). Varanasi: Caukhambā Vidyābhavana. p. 332.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhakti+ka+vikasa&rft.place=Varanasi&rft.pages=332&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Caukhamb%C4%81+Vidy%C4%81bhavana&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Munsi+Ram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn0AqAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpadhyaya1953" class="citation book cs1">Upadhyaya, Baldev (1953). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-ANAAAAAIAAJ"><i>Bhagavata sampradaya</i></a> (1st ed.). Nagaripracarini Sabha. p. 274.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhagavata+sampradaya&rft.pages=274&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Nagaripracarini+Sabha&rft.date=1953&rft.aulast=Upadhyaya&rft.aufirst=Baldev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-ANAAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sharma, Raghuvir Simha (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zUMMAAAAIAAJ"><i>Vaishnava dharma evam darshana</i></a> (in Hindi) (1st ed.). Abha Prakashana. p. 91.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vaishnava+dharma+evam+darshana&rft.pages=91&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Abha+Prakashana&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Raghuvir+Simha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzUMMAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarquhar1920">Farquhar 1920</a>, p. 323.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323–324-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920323–324_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarquhar1920">Farquhar 1920</a>, pp. 323–324.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920324–325-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920324–325_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarquhar1920">Farquhar 1920</a>, pp. 324–325.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch199661-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch199661_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPinch1996">Pinch 1996</a>, p. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch1996-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch1996_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPinch1996">Pinch 1996</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004274_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>, p. 274.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinghBansalSinghIndia2003" class="citation book cs1">Singh, K. S.; Bansal, I. J. S.; Singh, Swaran; India, Anthropological Survey of (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uw8wAQAAIAAJ&q=Ramanandi+Punjab"><i>Punjab</i></a>. Anthropological Survey of India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7304-123-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7304-123-5"><bdi>978-81-7304-123-5</bdi></a>. <q>They are divided into several sections, among which may be mentioned the Ramanandi who worship Ram Chandra</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Punjab&rft.pub=Anthropological+Survey+of+India&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-81-7304-123-5&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=K.+S.&rft.au=Bansal%2C+I.+J.+S.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Swaran&rft.au=India%2C+Anthropological+Survey+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Duw8wAQAAIAAJ%26q%3DRamanandi%2BPunjab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bairagi_Brahmin_(caste)" title="Bairagi Brahmin (caste)">Bairagi Brahmin (caste)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWest2001743-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest2001743_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWest2001">West 2001</a>, p. 743.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarquhar1920328_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarquhar1920">Farquhar 1920</a>, p. 328.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod19875-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod19875_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShukla200244-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShukla200244_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShukla2002">Shukla 2002</a>, p. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPande201076–77_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPande2010">Pande 2010</a>, p. 76–77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJha201312-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJha201312_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJha2013">Jha 2013</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2001451-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2001451_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLochtefeld2001">Lochtefeld 2001</a>, p. 451.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoswamyGrewal1969" class="citation book cs1">Goswamy, B. N.; Grewal, J. S. (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MLfOASqmthYC&q=Bhaktam%C4%81la+Bhagwanji"><i>The Mughal and Sikh Rulers and the Vaishnavas of Pindori: A Historical Interpretation of 52 Persian Documents</i></a>. Indian Institute of Advanced Study.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mughal+and+Sikh+Rulers+and+the+Vaishnavas+of+Pindori%3A+A+Historical+Interpretation+of+52+Persian+Documents&rft.pub=Indian+Institute+of+Advanced+Study&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Goswamy&rft.aufirst=B.+N.&rft.au=Grewal%2C+J.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMLfOASqmthYC%26q%3DBhaktam%25C4%2581la%2BBhagwanji&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurghart1983" class="citation cs2">Burghart, Richard (May 1983), "Wandering Ascetics of the Rāmānandī Sect", <i>History of Religions</i>, <b>22</b> (4), The University of Chicago Press: 361–80, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F462930">10.1086/462930</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162304284">162304284</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=History+of+Religions&rft.atitle=Wandering+Ascetics+of+the+R%C4%81m%C4%81nand%C4%AB+Sect&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=361-80&rft.date=1983-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F462930&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162304284%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Burghart&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallewaertSnell1994" class="citation cs2">Callewaert, Winand M.; Snell, Rupert (1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GrMwdEqHLzEC&pg=PA95"><i>According to Tradition: Hagiographical Writing in India</i></a>, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-03524-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-03524-8"><bdi>978-3-447-03524-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=According+to+Tradition%3A+Hagiographical+Writing+in+India&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-3-447-03524-8&rft.aulast=Callewaert&rft.aufirst=Winand+M.&rft.au=Snell%2C+Rupert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGrMwdEqHLzEC%26pg%3DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarquhar1920" class="citation cs2">Farquhar, J. N. (1920), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lwggjSPrjxUC&pg=PA323"><i>Outline of the Religious Literature of India</i></a>, Motilal Banarsidass, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-2086-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-2086-9"><bdi>978-81-208-2086-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Outline+of+the+Religious+Literature+of+India&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1920&rft.isbn=978-81-208-2086-9&rft.aulast=Farquhar&rft.aufirst=J.+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlwggjSPrjxUC%26pg%3DPA323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaffrelot2003" class="citation cs2">Jaffrelot, Christophe (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OAkW94DtUMAC"><i>India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India</i></a>, London: C. Hurst & Co., p. 196, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-670-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-670-8"><bdi>978-1-85065-670-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%27s+silent+revolution%3A+the+rise+of+the+lower+castes+in+North+India&rft.place=London&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-85065-670-8&rft.aulast=Jaffrelot&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOAkW94DtUMAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerriam-Webster's_Encyclopedia_1999" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZP_f9icf2roC&pg=PA904"><i>Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions</i></a>, Merriam-Webster, 1999, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87779-044-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87779-044-0"><bdi>978-0-87779-044-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster%27s+Encyclopedia+of+World+Religions&rft.pub=Merriam-Webster&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-87779-044-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZP_f9icf2roC%26pg%3DPA904&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichaels2004" class="citation cs2">Michaels, Alex (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jID3TuoiOMQC"><i>Hinduism: Past and Present</i></a> (English translation of the book first published in Germany under the title Der Hinduismus: Geschichte und Gegenwart (Verlag, 1998) ed.), Princeton: Princeton University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-08952-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-08952-3"><bdi>0-691-08952-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism%3A+Past+and+Present&rft.place=Princeton&rft.edition=English+translation+of+the+book+first+published+in+Germany+under+the+title+Der+Hinduismus%3A+Geschichte+und+Gegenwart+%28Verlag%2C+1998%29&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-691-08952-3&rft.aulast=Michaels&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjID3TuoiOMQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinch1996" class="citation cs2">Pinch, William R. (1996), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uEP-ceGYsnYC&pg=PA60"><i>Peasants and Monks in British India</i></a>, University of California Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-20061-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-20061-6"><bdi>978-0-520-20061-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peasants+and+Monks+in+British+India&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-520-20061-6&rft.aulast=Pinch&rft.aufirst=William+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuEP-ceGYsnYC%26pg%3DPA60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajHarman2007" class="citation cs2">Raj, Selva J.; Harman, William P. (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ov2oltTLinkC&pg=PA165"><i>Dealing With Deities: The Ritual Vow in South Asia</i></a>, SUNY Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-6708-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-6708-4"><bdi>978-0-7914-6708-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dealing+With+Deities%3A+The+Ritual+Vow+in+South+Asia&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-6708-4&rft.aulast=Raj&rft.aufirst=Selva+J.&rft.au=Harman%2C+William+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOv2oltTLinkC%26pg%3DPA165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987" class="citation cs2">Schomer, Karine; McLeod, W. H. (1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OkKhOivXrhgC&pg=PA5"><i>The Sants: Studies in a Devotional Tradition of India</i></a>, Motilal Banarsidass, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0277-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0277-3"><bdi>978-81-208-0277-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sants%3A+Studies+in+a+Devotional+Tradition+of+India&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0277-3&rft.aulast=Schomer&rft.aufirst=Karine&rft.au=McLeod%2C+W.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOkKhOivXrhgC%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShukla2002" class="citation cs2">Shukla, Usha Devi (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L0xmbB3riQoC&pg=PA44"><i>Rāmacaritamānasa in South Africa</i></a>, Motilal Banarsidass, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1893-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1893-4"><bdi>978-81-208-1893-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=R%C4%81macaritam%C4%81nasa+in+South+Africa&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1893-4&rft.aulast=Shukla&rft.aufirst=Usha+Devi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL0xmbB3riQoC%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTattwananda1984" class="citation cs2">Tattwananda, Swami (1984), <i>Vaisnava Sects, Saiva Sects, Mother Worship</i> (1st revised ed.), Calcutta: Firma KLM Private Ltd., p. 10</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vaisnava+Sects%2C+Saiva+Sects%2C+Mother+Worship&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pages=10&rft.edition=1st+revised&rft.pub=Firma+KLM+Private+Ltd.&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Tattwananda&rft.aufirst=Swami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest2001" class="citation cs2">West, Jacqueline (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o9ODxqsr-dIC&pg=PA743"><i>South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002</i></a>, Psychology Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-121-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-121-6"><bdi>978-1-85743-121-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+America%2C+Central+America+and+the+Caribbean+2002&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-85743-121-6&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do9ODxqsr-dIC%26pg%3DPA743&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPande2010" class="citation cs2">Pande, Rekha (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mYEnBwAAQBAJ"><i>Divine Sounds from the Heart—Singing Unfettered in their Own Voices: The Bhakti Movement and its Women Saints (12th to 17th Century)</i></a>, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, pp. 76–77, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781443825252" title="Special:BookSources/9781443825252"><bdi>9781443825252</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Divine+Sounds+from+the+Heart%E2%80%94Singing+Unfettered+in+their+Own+Voices%3A+The+Bhakti+Movement+and+its+Women+Saints+%2812th+to+17th+Century%29&rft.pages=76-77&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781443825252&rft.aulast=Pande&rft.aufirst=Rekha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmYEnBwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLochtefeld2001" class="citation cs2">Lochtefeld, James G. (2001), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch/page/98"><i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M</i></a></span>, New York, New York, United States of America: Rosen Publishing Group, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch/page/98">451</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780823931798" title="Special:BookSources/9780823931798"><bdi>9780823931798</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism%3A+A-M&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York%2C+United+States+of+America&rft.pages=451&rft.pub=Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780823931798&rft.aulast=Lochtefeld&rft.aufirst=James+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedencyc0000loch%2Fpage%2F98&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJha2013" class="citation cs2">Jha, Mamta (2013), <i>Sant Ravidas Ratnawali</i>, Prabhat Prakashan, p. 12</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sant+Ravidas+Ratnawali&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Prabhat+Prakashan&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Jha&rft.aufirst=Mamta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARamanandi+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramanandi_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lordrama.co.in/sri-sampradaya.html">Ramavat Sampradaya</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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4em"><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradayas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffc569;;width:1%">Major traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Brahma Sampradaya</a> of <a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhvacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Sampradaya">Sri Sampradaya</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumara_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumara Sampradaya">Kumara Sampradaya</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nimbarka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimbarka">Nimbarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_Sampradaya" title="Rudra Sampradaya">Rudra Sampradaya</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnuswami" title="Vishnuswami">Vishnuswami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffc569;;width:1%">Related traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Vishnuism" title="Historical Vishnuism">Historical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavatism">Bhagavatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaikhanasas">Vaikhanasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Thenkalai_sect_("southern")_-_Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Tenkalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Vadakalais_("northern")_-_Vedanta_Desika" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Vadakalai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warkari" title="Warkari">Warkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanubhava" title="Mahanubhava">Mahanubhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadh_Vaishnavism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadh Vaishnavism">Sadh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa" title="Haridasa">Haridasa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Sahajiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushtimarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekasarana_Dharma" title="Ekasarana Dharma">Ekasarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_Vaishnavism" title="Manipuri Vaishnavism">Manipuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Vallabh_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Radha Vallabh Sampradaya">Radha-Vallabha</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ramanandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapadi" title="Kapadi">Kapadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmiki_sect" class="mw-redirect" title="Balmiki sect">Balmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranami" title="Pranami">Pranami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Sampradaya" title="Swaminarayan Sampradaya">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi" title="Ayyavazhi">Ayyavazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanam_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanam Sampraday">Mahanam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffc569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> Philosophies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms" title="Glossary of Hinduism terms">Glossary</a></li> <li>Index</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Hinduism">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms" title="Glossary of Hinduism terms">Concepts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Atman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārthas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Asteya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aparigraha" class="mw-redirect" title="Aparigraha">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Āstika</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Nāstika</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hindu "Om" symbol"><img alt="Hindu "Om" symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/100px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/150px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/200px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="507" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_chant" title="Vedic chant">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitrayaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Upaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Upaveda">Upavedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">Dhanurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natyaveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Sthapatyaveda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vedanga" title="Vedanga">Vedanga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_prosody" title="Sanskrit prosody">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)">Agamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads#Classification" title="Upanishads">Minor Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Arthashastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitisara" title="Nitisara">Nitisara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharmaśāstra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manusmriti" title="Manusmriti">Manusmriti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81radasm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Nāradasmṛti">Nāradasmṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%81j%C3%B1avalkya_Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Yājñavalkya Smṛti">Yājñavalkya Smṛti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">Sutras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhashita" title="Subhashita">Subhashita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantras_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantras (Hinduism)">Tantras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras of Patanjali</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sangam_literature" title="Sangam literature">Sangam literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divya_Prabandham" class="mw-redirect" title="Divya Prabandham">Divya Prabandham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruppugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruppugal">Thiruppugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukkural" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirukkural">Thirukkural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhirami_Antati" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhirami Antati">Abhirami Antati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedarthasamgraha" title="Vedarthasamgraha">Vedarthasamgraha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Dattatreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_gods" title="Category:Hindu gods"><i>more</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Goddesses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrika">Matrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashthi" title="Shashthi">Shashthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_goddesses" title="Category:Hindu goddesses"><i>more</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naivedhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Naivedhya">Naivedhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhy%C4%81na_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhyāna in Hinduism">Dhyāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthatana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sanskara_(rite_of_passage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskara (rite of passage)">Sanskaras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Namakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyarambha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivaah" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivaah">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyeshti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Varnashrama</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashrama_(stage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashrama (stage)">Ashrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grihastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Grihastha">Grihastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanaprastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanaprastha">Vanaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a 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