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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Eastern Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Southern Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>Western Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Asia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Central Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Eastern Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Northern Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southeast_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southeast_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Southeast Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southeast_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Southern Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Western Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Europe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Europe subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Central Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Eastern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Northern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Southern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-South-central_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South-central_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>South-central Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South-central_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South-eastern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South-eastern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.2</span> <span>South-eastern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South-eastern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South-western_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South-western_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.3</span> <span>South-western Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South-western_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Western Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Oceania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of former national capitals</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A9" title="قائمة العواصم الوطنية السابقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قائمة العواصم الوطنية السابقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paytaxtlar%C4%B1n_d%C9%99yi%C5%9Fdirilm%C9%99si" title="Paytaxtların dəyişdirilməsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Paytaxtların dəyişdirilməsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spisak_biv%C5%A1ih_glavnih_gradova" title="Spisak bivših glavnih gradova – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Spisak bivših glavnih gradova" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiske_hovedst%C3%A6der" title="Historiske hovedstæder – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Historiske hovedstæder" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_ehemaliger_Hauptst%C3%A4dte" title="Liste ehemaliger Hauptstädte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Liste ehemaliger Hauptstädte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endiste_pealinnade_loend" title="Endiste pealinnade loend – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Endiste pealinnade loend" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Antiguas_capitales_nacionales" title="Anexo:Antiguas capitales nacionales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Antiguas capitales nacionales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodatak:Popis_povijesnih_glavnih_gradova" title="Dodatak:Popis povijesnih glavnih gradova – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dodatak:Popis povijesnih glavnih gradova" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daftar_bekas_ibu_kota_negara" title="Daftar bekas ibu kota negara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Daftar bekas ibu kota negara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitali_storiche" title="Capitali storiche – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Capitali storiche" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%87" title="لستة العواصم القديمه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لستة العواصم القديمه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarai_bekas_ibu_negara" title="Senarai bekas ibu negara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Senarai bekas ibu negara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A4%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AE%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7" title="かつての首都の一覧 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="かつての首都の一覧" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiske_hovedsteder" title="Historiske hovedsteder – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Historiske hovedsteder" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiske_hovudstader" title="Historiske hovudstader – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Historiske hovudstader" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historyczne_stolice_pa%C5%84stw_%C5%9Bwiata" title="Historyczne stolice państw świata – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Historyczne stolice państw świata" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%C4%83_a_fostelor_capitale_na%C8%9Bionale" title="Listă a fostelor capitale naționale – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Listă a fostelor capitale naționale" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Перенос столицы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Перенос столицы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seznam_nekdanjih_glavnih_mest_dr%C5%BEav" title="Seznam nekdanjih glavnih mest držav – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Seznam nekdanjih glavnih mest držav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luettelo_historiallisista_p%C3%A4%C3%A4kaupungeista" title="Luettelo historiallisista pääkaupungeista – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luettelo historiallisista pääkaupungeista" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_historical_national_capitals" title="List of historical national capitals – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="List of historical national capitals" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="前首都列表 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="前首都列表" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1012811#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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purpose-built capitals of country subdivisions">Purpose-built</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <i><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/28px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/42px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/56px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities portal</a></b></i></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_capitals" title="Template:Lists of capitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lists_of_capitals" title="Template talk:Lists of capitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_capitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of capitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Throughout the world there are many <b>cities that were once national <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capitals</a></b> but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist, the capital was moved, or the capital city was <a href="/wiki/Geographical_renaming" title="Geographical renaming">renamed</a>. This is a list of such cities, sorted by country and then by date. Where a city name has changed, the name of the city when it was a capital is listed first, followed by its modern name in brackets. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2010</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Africa">Africa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Africa">Northern Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Northern Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_capitals_of_Egypt" title="List of historical capitals of Egypt">List of historical capitals of Egypt</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Achir" title="Achir">Achir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zirid_dynasty" title="Zirid dynasty">Banu Ziri</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>936 </td> <td>1014 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bayda,_Libya" title="Bayda, Libya">Al Bayda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Libya" title="Kingdom of Libya">Kingdom of Libya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> </td> <td>1963 </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>Formation of the <a href="/wiki/Libyan_Arab_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Arab Republic">Libyan Arab Republic</a> under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Al-Askar" title="Al-Askar">Al-Askar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tulunids" title="Tulunids">Tulunid Emirate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>750 </td> <td>868 </td> <td>Abbasid dynasty re-asserted control; provincial capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Al-Qata%27i" title="Al-Qata'i">Al-Qata'i</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mansouria,_Tunisia" title="Mansouria, Tunisia">al-Mansuriyya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zirid_dynasty" title="Zirid dynasty">Banu Ziri</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> </td> <td>972 </td> <td>1057 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Al-Qata%27i" title="Al-Qata'i">Al-Qata'i</a> </td> <td>Egypt </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>868 </td> <td>905 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Fustat" title="Fustat">Fustat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Ptolemaic Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>305 BC </td> <td>30 BC </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Altava" title="Altava">Altava</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mauro-Roman_Kingdom" title="Mauro-Roman Kingdom">Kingdom of Masuna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 477</span> </td> <td>578 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Altava" title="Altava">Altava</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Altava" title="Kingdom of Altava">Kingdom of Altava</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>578 </td> <td>708 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%CA%BDAziziya" title="ʽAziziya">ʽAziziya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tripolitanian_Republic" title="Tripolitanian Republic">Tripolitanian Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1922 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Benghazi" title="Benghazi">Benghazi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Cyrenaica" title="Emirate of Cyrenaica">Emirate of Cyrenaica</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1951 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa" title="Béjaïa">Béjaïa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hammadid_dynasty" title="Hammadid dynasty">Kingdom of Bejaia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>c. 1090 </td> <td>1152 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa" title="Béjaïa">Béjaïa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Béjaïa">Emirate of Béjaïa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1285 </td> <td>1510 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idrisid_dynasty" title="Idrisid dynasty">Idrisid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>808 </td> <td>927 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Hajar_an-Nasar" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajar an-Nasar">Hajar an-Nasar</a>, to try and restore power base </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marinid_dynasty" title="Marinid dynasty">Marinid dynasty</a>, Idrisid interlude, <a href="/wiki/Wattasid_dynasty" title="Wattasid dynasty">Wattasid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1244 </td> <td>1554 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td> <td>Dila'ite interlude, <a href="/wiki/Alaouite_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaouite dynasty">Alaouite dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1659 </td> <td>1672 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Meknes" title="Meknes">Meknes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alaouite_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaouite dynasty">Alaouite dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1727 </td> <td>1912 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Rabat" title="Rabat">Rabat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fustat" title="Fustat">Fustat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Egypt in the Middle Ages">Egypt in the Middle Ages</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>641 </td> <td>750 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Al-Askar" title="Al-Askar">Al-Askar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fustat" title="Fustat">Fustat</a> </td> <td>Egypt </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>905 </td> <td>969 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hippo_Regius" title="Hippo Regius">Hippo Regius</a> (<a href="/wiki/Annaba" title="Annaba">Annaba</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vandal_Kingdom" title="Vandal Kingdom">Vandal Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>435 </td> <td>439 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kal%C3%A2a_of_Ait_Abbas" title="Kalâa of Ait Abbas">Kalâa of Ait Abbas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Beni_Abbas" title="Kingdom of Beni Abbas">Kingdom of Beni Abbas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1510 </td> <td>1872 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuku,_Algeria" title="Kuku, Algeria">Kuku</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kuku" title="Kingdom of Kuku">Kingdom of Kuku</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>c. 1515 </td> <td>1730 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahdia" title="Mahdia">Mahdia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zirid_dynasty" title="Zirid dynasty">Banu Ziri</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> </td> <td>1057 </td> <td>1148 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Almoravid_dynasty" title="Almoravid dynasty">Almoravid dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Almohad_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Almohad dynasty">Almohad dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1071 </td> <td>1244 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saadi_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Saadi dynasty">Saadi dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1554 </td> <td>1659 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mascara,_Algeria" title="Mascara, Algeria">Mascara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Abdelkader" title="Emirate of Abdelkader">Emirate of Abdelkader</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1832 </td> <td>1835 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Tagdemt" title="Tagdemt">Tagdemt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meknes" title="Meknes">Meknes</a> </td> <td>Morocco (under <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Ibn_Sharif" title="Ismail Ibn Sharif">Ismail Ibn Sharif</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1672 </td> <td>1727 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Egypt" title="Memphis, Egypt">Memphis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-3150">3150 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-2160">2160 BC </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Heracleopolis_Magna" title="Heracleopolis Magna">Henen-Nesut</a>. The Ancient Greeks called the city Memphis, its native name was Inbu-Hedj. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qal%27at_Bani_Hammad" title="Qal'at Bani Hammad">Qal'at Bani Hammad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hammadid_dynasty" title="Hammadid dynasty">Hammadid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>c. 1007 </td> <td>1090 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa" title="Béjaïa">Béjaïa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tagdemt" title="Tagdemt">Tagdemt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Abdelkader" title="Emirate of Abdelkader">Emirate of Abdelkader</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1835 </td> <td>1847 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tahert (<a href="/wiki/Tiaret" title="Tiaret">Tiaret</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rustamid_dynasty" title="Rustamid dynasty">Rustamid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>777 </td> <td>909 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-2134">2134 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-1292">1292 BC </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Pi-Ramesses" title="Pi-Ramesses">Pi-Ramesses</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">Ancient Greeks</a> called the city Thebes, its native name was Waset. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tinmel" title="Tinmel">Tinmel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Almohad_Caliphate" title="Almohad Caliphate">Almohad Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>1121 </td> <td>1147 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tlemcen" title="Tlemcen">Tlemcen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Tlemcen" title="Emirate of Tlemcen">Emirate of Tlemcen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>c. 757 </td> <td>790 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tlemcen" title="Tlemcen">Tlemcen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tlemcen" title="Kingdom of Tlemcen">Kingdom of Tlemcen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1235 </td> <td>1556 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tuggurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuggurt">Tuggurt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Tuggurt" title="Sultanate of Tuggurt">Sultanate of Tuggurt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> </td> <td>1414 </td> <td>1871 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Volubilis" title="Volubilis">Walili</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idrisid_dynasty" title="Idrisid dynasty">Idrisid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>789 </td> <td>808 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sub-Saharan_Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sub-Saharan Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_Africa">Central Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Central Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boma,_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Boma, Democratic Republic of the Congo">Boma</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Congo_Free_State" title="Congo Free State">Congo Free State</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1886">1886 </td> <td>1908 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boma,_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Boma, Democratic Republic of the Congo">Boma</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Congo" title="Belgian Congo">Belgian Congo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1886">1908 </td> <td>1926 </td> <td>moved to Léopoldville (<a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stanleyville (<a href="/wiki/Kisangani" title="Kisangani">Kisangani</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Simba_rebellion" title="Simba rebellion">People's Republic of the Congo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>1965 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kasongo" title="Kasongo">Kasongo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Utetera" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Utetera">Sultanate of Utetera</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td>1860 </td> <td>1887 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bakwanga (<a href="/wiki/Mbuji-Mayi" title="Mbuji-Mayi">Mbuji-Mayi</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Kasai" title="South Kasai">South Kasai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td>1960 </td> <td>1962 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Élisabethville (<a href="/wiki/Lubumbashi" title="Lubumbashi">Lubumbashi</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/State_of_Katanga" title="State of Katanga">State of Katanga</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td>1960 </td> <td>1963 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Njimi" title="Njimi">Njimi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kanem_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanem Empire">Kanem</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1000">fl. 11th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1396">c. 1396 </td> <td>lost to <a href="/wiki/Bulala" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulala">Bulala</a> invaders (eventually moved to <a href="/wiki/Ngazargamu" title="Ngazargamu">Ngazargamu</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lumbala_N%27guimbo" title="Lumbala N'guimbo">Lumbala N'guimbo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mbunda_Kingdom" title="Mbunda Kingdom">Mbunda Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1500">c. 1500 </td> <td data-sort-value="1396">1917 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>São Salvador (<a href="/wiki/M%27banza-Kongo" title="M'banza-Kongo">M'banza-Kongo</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kongo" title="Kingdom of Kongo">Kingdom of Kongo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td>1483 </td> <td>1915 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caculo_Caba%C3%A7a" title="Caculo Cabaça">Cabaça</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ndongo" title="Kingdom of Ndongo">Dongo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>1657 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamba,_Cuando_Cubango" title="Jamba, Cuando Cubango">Jamba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="Democratic People's Republic of Angola">Democratic People's Republic of Angola</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamba,_Cuando_Cubango" title="Jamba, Cuando Cubango">Jamba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="Democratic People's Republic of Angola">Democratic People's Republic of Angola</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td>1979 </td> <td>2002 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cabinda_(city)" title="Cabinda (city)">Cabinda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cabinda" title="Republic of Cabinda">Republic of Cabinda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eastern_Africa">Eastern Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Eastern Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_City" title="Zanzibar City">Zanzibar City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Zanzibar" title="Sultanate of Zanzibar">Zanzibar, Sultanate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>1856 </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>Sultanate ceased to exist; <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_Revolution" title="Zanzibar Revolution">Zanzibar Revolution</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_City" title="Zanzibar City">Zanzibar City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Zanzibar" title="People's Republic of Zanzibar">Zanzibar, People's Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>Zanzibar merged with <a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_(1961%E2%80%931964)" title="Tanganyika (1961–1964)">Tanganyika</a> in 1964. The city remains the capital of semi-autonomous region of <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam" title="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salaam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_(1961%E2%80%931964)" title="Tanganyika (1961–1964)">Tanganyika</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>1961 </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>country merged with Zanzibar to form Tanzania </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam" title="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salaam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>1996 </td> <td>capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Dodoma" title="Dodoma">Dodoma</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Axum" title="Axum">Axum</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aksum" title="Kingdom of Aksum">Aksum, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> </td> <td>50 </td> <td>? </td> <td>city abandoned </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Debre_Berhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Debre Berhan">Debre Berhan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire" title="Ethiopian Empire">Ethiopian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> </td> <td>1456 </td> <td data-sort-value="1470">mid-1470s </td> <td>Emperor returned to custom of a moving capital </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gondar" title="Gondar">Gondar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire" title="Ethiopian Empire">Ethiopian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> </td> <td>1635 </td> <td data-sort-value="1850">late 19th century </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bujumbura" title="Bujumbura">Bujumbura</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> </td> <td>1962 </td> <td>2018 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Gitega" title="Gitega">Gitega</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Entebbe" title="Entebbe">Entebbe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Protectorate_of_Uganda" title="Protectorate of Uganda">Uganda, Protectorate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> </td> <td>1894 </td> <td>1962 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Kampala" title="Kampala">Kampala</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southern_Africa">Southern Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Southern Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Otjimbingwe" title="Otjimbingwe">Otjimbingwe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/German_South-West_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="German South-West Africa">German South-West Africa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> </td> <td>1886 </td> <td>1892 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Windhoek" title="Windhoek">Windhoek</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zomba,_Malawi" title="Zomba, Malawi">Zomba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Central_Africa_Protectorate" title="British Central Africa Protectorate">British Central Africa Protectorate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> </td> <td>1893 </td> <td>1907 </td> <td>Protectorate renamed as <a href="/wiki/Nyasaland" title="Nyasaland">Nyasaland Protectorate</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zomba,_Malawi" title="Zomba, Malawi">Zomba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nyasaland" title="Nyasaland">Nyasaland Protectorate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> </td> <td>1907 </td> <td>1953 </td> <td>Merged with <a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Rhodesia_and_Nyasaland" title="Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland">Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zomba,_Malawi" title="Zomba, Malawi">Zomba</a> </td> <td>Malawi </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Lilongwe" title="Lilongwe">Lilongwe</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fort Jameson (<a href="/wiki/Chipata" title="Chipata">Chipata</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North-Eastern_Rhodesia" title="North-Eastern Rhodesia">North-Eastern Rhodesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>1911 </td> <td>Merged with <a href="/wiki/Barotziland-North-Western_Rhodesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia">North-Western Rhodesia</a> to form <a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalomo" title="Kalomo">Kalomo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barotziland-North-Western_Rhodesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia">North-Western Rhodesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>1907 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Livingstone,_Zambia" title="Livingstone, Zambia">Livingstone</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Livingstone,_Zambia" title="Livingstone, Zambia">Livingstone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barotziland-North-Western_Rhodesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia">North-Western Rhodesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>1907 </td> <td>1911 </td> <td>Merged with <a href="/wiki/Barotziland-North-Western_Rhodesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia">North-Western Rhodesia</a> to form <a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Livingstone,_Zambia" title="Livingstone, Zambia">Livingstone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>1911 </td> <td>1935 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Mozambique" title="Island of Mozambique">Island of Mozambique</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Mozambique" title="Portuguese Mozambique">Portuguese Mozambique</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a> </td> <td>1498 </td> <td>1898 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Maputo" title="Maputo">Maputo</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_Africa">Western Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Western Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td>Ribeira Grande (<a href="/wiki/Cidade_Velha" title="Cidade Velha">Cidade Velha</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Cape_Verde" title="Portuguese Cape Verde">Portuguese Cape Verde</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1462">1462 </td> <td>1770 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Praia" title="Praia">Praia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand-Bassam" title="Grand-Bassam">Grand-Bassam</a> </td> <td>Ivory Coast (French colony) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a> </td> <td>1893 </td> <td>1900 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bingerville" title="Bingerville">Bingerville</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bingerville" title="Bingerville">Bingerville</a> </td> <td>Ivory Coast (French colony) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a> </td> <td>1900 </td> <td>1933 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Abidjan" title="Abidjan">Abidjan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abidjan" title="Abidjan">Abidjan</a> </td> <td>Ivory Coast (French colony) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a> </td> <td>1933 </td> <td>1983 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Yamoussoukro" title="Yamoussoukro">Yamoussoukro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(British_colony)" title="Gold Coast (British colony)">Gold Coast</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> </td> <td>1664 </td> <td>1877 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Accra" title="Accra">Accra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bolama_(town)" title="Bolama (town)">Bolama</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Guinea" title="Portuguese Guinea">Portuguese Guinea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a> </td> <td>1879 </td> <td>1941 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bissau" title="Bissau">Bissau</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boe,_Guinea-Bissau" title="Boe, Guinea-Bissau">Boe</a> </td> <td>Guinea-Bissau </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a> </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Bissau" title="Bissau">Bissau</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ngazargamu" title="Ngazargamu">Ngazargamu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bornu_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bornu Empire">Kanem-Bornu Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1472">c. 1472 </td> <td>1808 </td> <td>lost to <a href="/wiki/Fulani" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulani">Fulani</a> invaders (eventually moved to <a href="/wiki/Kukawa" title="Kukawa">Kukawa</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kukawa" title="Kukawa">Kukawa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bornu_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bornu Empire">Kanem-Bornu Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>1814 </td> <td>1893 </td> <td>Kingdom ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lagos" title="Lagos">Lagos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Nigeria" title="Colonial Nigeria">Colonial Nigeria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>1914 </td> <td>1960 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lagos" title="Lagos">Lagos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Nigeria" title="Federation of Nigeria">Nigeria, Federation of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>1960 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Abuja" title="Abuja">Abuja</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Igbo-Ukwu" title="Igbo-Ukwu">Igbo-Ukwu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nri" title="Kingdom of Nri">Nri, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>1043 </td> <td>1911 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/An%C3%A9ho" title="Aného">Aného</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Togoland" title="Togoland">Togoland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1880">1880s </td> <td>1897 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Lom%C3%A9" title="Lomé">Lomé</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asia">Asia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_Asia">Central Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Central Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1748 </td> <td>1772 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Timurid_Empire" title="Timurid Empire">Timurid Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1370 </td> <td>1405 </td> <td>Capital moved to Herat. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Timurid_Empire" title="Timurid Empire">Timurid Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1405 </td> <td>1507 </td> <td>Invaded by <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Shaybani" title="Muhammad Shaybani">Muhammad Shaybani</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_in_the_Caucasus" title="Alexandria in the Caucasus">Alexandria in the Caucasus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bagram" title="Bagram">Bagram</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yavana_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Yavana Kingdom">Yavana Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>180 BC </td> <td>AD 10 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bagram" title="Bagram">Bagram</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kushan_Empire" title="Kushan Empire">Kushan Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1st century AD </td> <td>1st century AD </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maymana" title="Maymana">Maymana</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maimana_Khanate" title="Maimana Khanate">Maimana Khanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1747 </td> <td>1892 </td> <td>Annexation of the country to the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Kabul" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Kabul">Emirate of Kabul</a>, preceded by the sacking of the city </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zaranj" title="Zaranj">Zaranj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty" title="Saffarid dynasty">Saffarid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>861 </td> <td>1002 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zaranj" title="Zaranj">Zaranj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mihrabanids" title="Mihrabanids">Mihrabanid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1236 </td> <td>1537 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asadabad,_Afghanistan" title="Asadabad, Afghanistan">Asadabad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Emirate_of_Kunar" title="Islamic Emirate of Kunar">Kunar, Islamic Emirate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>Fall of the state. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Kandahar" title="Principality of Kandahar">Kandahar, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1818 </td> <td>1855 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Kandahar" title="Conquest of Kandahar">Annexation</a> of the country to the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Kabul" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Kabul">Emirate of Kabul</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Herat" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Herat">Herat, Emirate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1793 </td> <td>1863 </td> <td>Annexation of the country to the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Afghanistan" title="Emirate of Afghanistan">Emirate of Afghanistan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghazni" title="Ghazni">Ghazni</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghaznavid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaznavid Empire">Ghaznavid Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>977 </td> <td>1163 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghazni" title="Ghazni">Ghazni</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghurid_dynasty" title="Ghurid dynasty">Ghurid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>1170s </td> <td>1215 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Semey" title="Semey">Semey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alash_Orda" class="mw-redirect" title="Alash Orda">Alash Orda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>1917 </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>Entity named <a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)">Kyrgyz ASSR</a> established, capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alma-Ata (<a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakh SSR">Kazakh SSR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>1936 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alma-Ata (<a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>city renamed Almaty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>1998 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Iasy (<a href="/wiki/Turkistan_(city)" title="Turkistan (city)">Turkistan</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Khanate" title="Uzbek Khanate">Uzbek Khanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>1469 </td> <td>1471 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Omsk" title="Omsk">Omsk</a> </td> <td>Russia (<a href="/wiki/White_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="White Movement">White Movement</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>White Movement defeated by <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Reds</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Uzbek SSR">Uzbek SSR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1925 </td> <td>1930 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Tashkent" title="Tashkent">Tashkent</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bactra (<a href="/wiki/Balkh" title="Balkh">Balkh</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greco-Bactrian_Kingdom" title="Greco-Bactrian Kingdom">Greco-Bactrian Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td>3rd century BC </td> <td>2rd century BC </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gurganj (<a href="/wiki/Konye-Urgench" title="Konye-Urgench">Konye-Urgench</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khwarazmian_Empire" title="Khwarazmian Empire">Khwarazmian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </td> <td>1077 </td> <td>1212 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Samarqand" class="mw-redirect" title="Samarqand">Samarqand</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kokand (<a href="/wiki/Fergana" title="Fergana">Fergana</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Kokand" title="Khanate of Kokand">Khanate of Kokand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1709 </td> <td>1876 </td> <td>Annexation of the country to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Bukhara" title="Khanate of Bukhara">Khanate of Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1533 </td> <td>1551 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Samarqand" class="mw-redirect" title="Samarqand">Samarqand</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Bukhara" title="Khanate of Bukhara">Khanate of Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1556 </td> <td>1756 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Bukhara" title="Emirate of Bukhara">Emirate of Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1785 </td> <td>1920 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic" title="Bukharan People's Soviet Republic">Bukharan SRR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>1924 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Khiva" title="Khanate of Khiva">Khanate of Khiva</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1511 </td> <td>1920 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic" title="Khorezm People's Soviet Republic">Khorezm SRR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>1924 </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Asia">Eastern Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Eastern Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Historical_capitals_of_China" title="Historical capitals of China">Historical capitals of China</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anyang" title="Anyang">Anyang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1600">c. 1600 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-1046">c. 1046 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> - end of Shang dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1046">c. 1046 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-722">722 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-772">772 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-221">221 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Xianyang" title="Xianyang">Xianyang</a> - fall of Zhou dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xianyang" title="Xianyang">Xianyang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-221">221 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-206">206 BC </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> - fall of Qin dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-206">206 BC </td> <td>25 </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>25 </td> <td>220 </td> <td>Fall of the Han dynasty marking the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Six_Dynasties" title="Six Dynasties">Six Dynasties</a> period </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui dynasty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>581 </td> <td>907 </td> <td>fall of the Tang dynasty marking the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms">Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms</a> period </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>960 </td> <td>1127 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1127 </td> <td>1279 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khan</a> integrated China into the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1368 </td> <td>1421 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">China, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1928 </td> <td>1937 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> because of Japanese occupation </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruijin" title="Ruijin">Ruijin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Soviet_Republic" title="Chinese Soviet Republic">China, Soviet Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1931 </td> <td>1934 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> due to the <a href="/wiki/Long_March" title="Long March">Long March</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">China, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1937 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">China, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>1949 <i>(de facto)</i> </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> after the loss of the mainland which caused the nationalist government fled to <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">Taiwan</a> and made <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> the temporary capital of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a>. <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> was proclaimed the capital of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hakodate" title="Hakodate">Hakodate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ezo" title="Republic of Ezo">Republic of Ezo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>1868 </td> <td>1869 </td> <td>Annexed by <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dadu_District,_Taichung" title="Dadu District, Taichung">Middag</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Middag" title="Kingdom of Middag">Middag, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>1732? </td> <td>Middag annexed by Qing dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tainan" title="Tainan">Tainan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Formosa" title="Republic of Formosa">Formosa, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td>1895 </td> <td>1895 </td> <td>Annexed by <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tainan" title="Tainan">Tainan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Tungning, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td>1662 </td> <td>1683 </td> <td>Kingdom of Tungning conquered by <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>. Tainan remained the seat of government until 1885. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asuka,_Nara" title="Asuka, Nara">Asuka</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>694 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Fujiwara-ky%C5%8D" title="Fujiwara-kyō">Fujiwara-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kashihara,_Nara" title="Kashihara, Nara">Kashihara</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fujiwara-ky%C5%8D" title="Fujiwara-kyō">Fujiwara-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kashihara,_Nara" title="Kashihara, Nara">Kashihara</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>694 </td> <td>710 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Heij%C5%8D-ky%C5%8D" title="Heijō-kyō">Heijō-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nara,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara, Japan">Nara</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heij%C5%8D-ky%C5%8D" title="Heijō-kyō">Heijō-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nara,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara, Japan">Nara</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>710 </td> <td>784 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Nagaoka-ky%C5%8D" title="Nagaoka-kyō">Nagaoka-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nagaokaky%C5%8D,_Kyoto" title="Nagaokakyō, Kyoto">Nagaoka</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagaoka-ky%C5%8D" title="Nagaoka-kyō">Nagaoka-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nagaokaky%C5%8D,_Kyoto" title="Nagaokakyō, Kyoto">Nagaoka</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>784 </td> <td>794 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Heian-ky%C5%8D" title="Heian-kyō">Heian-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heian-ky%C5%8D" title="Heian-kyō">Heian-kyō</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>794 </td> <td>1868 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> (see also: <a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Japan" title="Capital of Japan">Capital of Japan</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shuri,_Okinawa" title="Shuri, Okinawa">Shuri</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABky%C5%AB_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryūkyū Kingdom">Ryūkyū Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>1429 </td> <td>1879 </td> <td>Annexed by <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wanggeom-seong" title="Wanggeom-seong">Wanggeom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gojoseon" title="Gojoseon">Gojoseon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-194">194 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-108">108 BC </td> <td>fall of Gojoseon </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Holbon" title="Holbon">Holbon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wun%C3%BC_Mountain" title="Wunü Mountain">Mt. Wunü</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-37">37 BC </td> <td>3 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Gungnae" title="Gungnae">Gungnae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gungnae" title="Gungnae">Gungnae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ji%27an,_Jilin" title="Ji'an, Jilin">Ji'an</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>427 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td>427 </td> <td>668 </td> <td>fall of Goguryeo </td></tr> <tr> <td>Seorabeol (<a href="/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju">Gyeongju</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-57">57 BC </td> <td>935 </td> <td>fall of Silla </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiryeseong" title="Wiryeseong">Wirye</a> (Southern <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-18">18 BC </td> <td>476 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ungjin" title="Ungjin">Ungjin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ungjin" title="Ungjin">Ungjin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gongju" title="Gongju">Gongju</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td>476 </td> <td>538 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Sabi_(Korea)" title="Sabi (Korea)">Sabi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sabi_(Korea)" title="Sabi (Korea)">Sabi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Buyeo_County" title="Buyeo County">Buyeo</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td>538 </td> <td>660 </td> <td>fall of Baekje </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shangjing_Longquanfu" title="Shangjing Longquanfu">Sanggyeong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ning%27an" title="Ning'an">Ning'an</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Balhae" title="Balhae">Balhae</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>756 </td> <td>926 </td> <td>fall of Balhae </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gaegyeong (<a href="/wiki/Kaesong" title="Kaesong">Kaesong</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td>919 </td> <td>1392 </td> <td>moved to Hanyang (<a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>) - fall of Goryeo dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td>1948 </td> <td>1972 </td> <td>de jure capital changed to <a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a> in a new <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_North_Korea" title="Constitution of North Korea">Constitution of North Korea</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Asia">Northern Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Northern Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qashliq" title="Qashliq">Qashliq</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Sibir" title="Khanate of Sibir">Khanate of Sibir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>15th century </td> <td>1598 </td> <td>sovereignty lost </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southeast_Asia">Southeast Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Southeast Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Bodharapura" title="Yaśodharapura">Yaśodharapura</a> (<a href="/wiki/Angkor" title="Angkor">Angkor</a>)</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Empire" title="Khmer Empire">Khmer Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>802 </td> <td>1431 </td> <td>Sacked by <a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Srey_Santhor" class="mw-redirect" title="Srey Santhor">Srey Sorchhor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dark_ages_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark ages of Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>1431 </td> <td>1434 </td> <td>Move to <a href="/wiki/Chaktomuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaktomuk">Chaktomuk</a> (in 1434) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Chaktomuk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dark_ages_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark ages of Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>1434 </td> <td>1525 </td> <td>Move to <a href="/wiki/Longvek" title="Longvek">Longvek</a> (in 1525) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Longvek" title="Longvek">Longvek</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dark_ages_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark ages of Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>1525 </td> <td>1593 </td> <td>Move to <a href="/wiki/Oudong" title="Oudong">Oudong</a> (in 1618) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oudong" title="Oudong">Oudong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dark_ages_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark ages of Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>1620 </td> <td>1863 </td> <td>Move to <a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a> (in 1863) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Cambodia">Colonial Cambodia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td>1863 </td> <td>1887 </td> <td>annexed by France; moved to <a href="/wiki/Saigon" class="mw-redirect" title="Saigon">Saigon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1800 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of Indonesia">Independence of Indonesia</a>, renamed to <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>1946 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Indies_Civil_Administration" title="Netherlands Indies Civil Administration">NICA</a> occupation, moved to <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1946 </td> <td>1948 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kraai" title="Operation Kraai">Dutch military occupation</a>, moved to <a href="/wiki/Bukittinggi" title="Bukittinggi">Bukittinggi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukittinggi" title="Bukittinggi">Bukittinggi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1948 </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1950 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Indonesia" title="United States of Indonesia">United States of Indonesia</a> dissolved, moved to <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>1950 </td> <td>2024 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Nusantara_(city)" title="Nusantara (city)">Nusantara</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luang_Prabang" title="Luang Prabang">Luang Prabang</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lan_Prabang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lan Prabang (page does not exist)">Lan Prabang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td>1707 </td> <td>? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luang_Prabang" title="Luang Prabang">Luang Prabang</a> was one of three successors states to <a href="/wiki/Lan_Xang" title="Lan Xang">Lan Xang</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luang_Prabang" title="Luang Prabang">Luang Prabang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Laos" title="Kingdom of Laos">Laos, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>abdication of King <a href="/wiki/Savang_Vatthana" class="mw-redirect" title="Savang Vatthana">Savang Vatthana</a>; the second capital </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lan_Xang" title="Lan Xang">Lan Xang</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td>1354 </td> <td>? </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Luang_Prabang" title="Luang Prabang">Luang Prabang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a> </td> <td>Vientiane Lao </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1707">c. 1707 (?) </td> <td>1828 </td> <td>incorporated to <a href="/wiki/Siam" class="mw-redirect" title="Siam">Siam</a>, then absorbed into <a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">French Indochina</a> (in 1893) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Laos" title="Kingdom of Laos">Kingdom of Laos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>abdication of King <a href="/wiki/Savang_Vatthana" class="mw-redirect" title="Savang Vatthana">Savang Vatthana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Champasak_(town)" title="Champasak (town)">Champasak</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Champasak_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Champasak Kingdom">Champasak Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td>1713 </td> <td>1946 </td> <td>Became part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Laos" title="Kingdom of Laos">Kingdom of Laos</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bagan" title="Bagan">Pagan</a> (Bagan) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pagan_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagan Kingdom">Pagan Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>849 </td> <td>1297 </td> <td>moved to Myinsaing, Mekkhaya and Pinle </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mottama" title="Mottama">Martaban</a> (Mottama) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanthawaddy_Kingdom" title="Hanthawaddy Kingdom">Hanthawaddy Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1287 </td> <td>1363 </td> <td>moved to Donwun </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Donwun" title="Donwun">Donwun</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanthawaddy_Kingdom" title="Hanthawaddy Kingdom">Hanthawaddy Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1363 </td> <td>1369 </td> <td>moved to Pegu </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bago,_Myanmar" title="Bago, Myanmar">Pegu</a> (Bago) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanthawaddy_Kingdom" title="Hanthawaddy Kingdom">Hanthawaddy Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1369 </td> <td>1538 </td> <td>Captured by Toungoo forces </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bago,_Myanmar" title="Bago, Myanmar">Pegu</a> (Bago) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanthawaddy_Kingdom" title="Hanthawaddy Kingdom">Hanthawaddy Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1550 </td> <td>1552 </td> <td>Recaptured by Toungoo </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Myinsaing" title="Myinsaing">Myinsaing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mekkhaya" title="Mekkhaya">Mekkhaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pinle" title="Pinle">Pinle</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myinsaing_Kingdom" title="Myinsaing Kingdom">Myinsaing Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1297 </td> <td>1313 </td> <td>moved to Pinya </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pinya" title="Pinya">Pinya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pinya_Kingdom" title="Pinya Kingdom">Pinya Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1313 </td> <td>1365 </td> <td rowspan="2">moved to Ava </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sagaing" title="Sagaing">Sagaing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sagaing_Kingdom" title="Sagaing Kingdom">Sagaing Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1315 </td> <td>1365 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Inwa" title="Inwa">Ava</a> (Inwa) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ava_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Ava Kingdom">Ava Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1365 </td> <td>1555 </td> <td>moved to Pegu </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Launggyet" title="Launggyet">Launggyet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mrauk-U_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrauk-U Kingdom">Arakan, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1429 </td> <td>1430 </td> <td>moved to Mrauk-U </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mrauk-U" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrauk-U">Mrauk-U</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mrauk-U_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrauk-U Kingdom">Arakan, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1430 </td> <td>1785 </td> <td>Captured by Konbaung forces </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taungoo" title="Taungoo">Toungoo</a> (Taungoo) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty" title="Toungoo dynasty">Toungoo dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1510 </td> <td>1539 </td> <td>moved to Pegu </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pegu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty" title="Toungoo dynasty">Toungoo dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1539 </td> <td>1599 </td> <td>moved to Ava </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ava </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty" title="Toungoo dynasty">Toungoo dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1599 </td> <td>1613 </td> <td>moved to Pegu </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pegu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty" title="Toungoo dynasty">Toungoo dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1613 </td> <td>1635 </td> <td>moved to Ava </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ava </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty" title="Toungoo dynasty">Toungoo dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1635 </td> <td>1752 </td> <td>moved to Shwebo </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shwebo" title="Shwebo">Shwebo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1752 </td> <td>1760 </td> <td>moved to Sagaing </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sagaing" title="Sagaing">Sagaing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1760 </td> <td>1765 </td> <td>moved to Ava </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Inwa" title="Inwa">Ava</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1765 </td> <td>1783 </td> <td>moved to Amarapura </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amarapura" title="Amarapura">Amarapura</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1783 </td> <td>1821 </td> <td>moved to Ava </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ava </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1821 </td> <td>1842 </td> <td>moved to Amarapura </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amarapura" title="Amarapura">Amarapura</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1842 </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>moved to Mandalay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mandalay" title="Mandalay">Mandalay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Konbaung dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>1885 </td> <td>moved to Rangoon (<a href="/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rangoon (<a href="/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a>) </td> <td>Burma (<a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1885 </td> <td>1989 </td> <td>country renamed to Myanmar; city renamed to Yangon </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td>1989 </td> <td>2005 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Maguindanao Sultanate">Maguindanao Sultanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1205">c. 1205 </td> <td>1888 </td> <td>Annexed into the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bacolod" title="Bacolod">Bacolod</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Negros_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Negros Republic">Negros, Cantonal Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1898 </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>Unrecognised state absorbed by the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> <a href="/wiki/American_Colonial_Period_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Colonial Period (Philippines)">under American control</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malolos" title="Malolos">Malolos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">Philippine Republic, First</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1898 </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>Headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Revolutionary movement</a> (Note: Several other towns became capitals at a succeeding rate, namely <a href="/wiki/San_Isidro,_Nueva_Ecija" title="San Isidro, Nueva Ecija">San Isidro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabanatuan" title="Cabanatuan">Cabanatuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bamban" title="Bamban">Bamban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarlac" title="Tarlac">Tarlac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bayambang" title="Bayambang">Bayambang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palanan" title="Palanan">Palanan</a>, to avoid capture from the <a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Americans</a>). Moved back to <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> after capture of Aguinaldo on 1901. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Philippine Republic, Second</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1943 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>Liberation of the Philippines from the Japanese </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Philippines, Commonwealth of the</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1934 </td> <td>1941 </td> <td>Japanese occupation. Moved back to Manila in 1945 after the liberation of the Philippines </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1946 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>Summer Capital, moved back to <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> via Presidential Decree No. 940. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1948 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>Moved back to <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> via Presidential Decree No. 940. Quezon City, with Manila, became parts of <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a>. Several government offices remained in Quezon City, including the <a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Batasang Pambansa">Batasang Pambansa</a>, and ultimately the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House of Representatives</a>. Manila is the current capital. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cebu_City" title="Cebu City">Cebu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1562 </td> <td data-sort-value="1578">c. 1578 </td> <td>First Spanish settlement in the country. Moved to <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> (Formerly Maynilad) after capture. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1578">c. 1578 </td> <td>1762 </td> <td>Captured by the British during the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>, returned to Spain after the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bacolor" title="Bacolor">Bacolor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1762 </td> <td>1764 </td> <td>Capital of the exiled government Governor-general Simon de Anda during the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>. Moved back to Manila </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>1764 </td> <td>1901 </td> <td>Ceded to the United States via <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jolo,_Sulu" title="Jolo, Sulu">Jolo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sulu_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulu Sultanate">Sulu Sultanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1450">c. 1450 </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>Annexed by the United States </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Mai" title="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lan_Na" title="Lan Na">Lan Na</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1259 </td> <td>1775 </td> <td>Annexed by <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Mai" title="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Chiang_Mai" title="Kingdom of Chiang Mai">Rattanatingsa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1802 </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>Annexed by <a href="/wiki/Siam" class="mw-redirect" title="Siam">Siam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhothai_(city)" title="Sukhothai (city)">Sukhothai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhothai_Kingdom" title="Sukhothai Kingdom">Sukhothai Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1238 </td> <td>1347 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mueang_Phitsanulok_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Mueang Phitsanulok District">Phitsanulok</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhothai_Kingdom" title="Sukhothai Kingdom">Sukhothai Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1347 </td> <td>1583 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Historical_Park" title="Ayutthaya Historical Park">Ayutthaya</a> after sacked by Ayutthaya </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Historical_Park" title="Ayutthaya Historical Park">Ayutthaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1351 </td> <td>1666 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mueang_Phitsanulok_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Mueang Phitsanulok District">Phitsanulok</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1463 </td> <td>1488 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lopburi" title="Lopburi">Lopburi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1666 </td> <td>1688 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Historical_Park" title="Ayutthaya Historical Park">Ayutthaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_Kingdom" title="Ayutthaya Kingdom">Ayutthaya Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1688 </td> <td>1767 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Thonburi" title="Thonburi">Thonburi</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Burmese</a> destroyed the city </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thonburi" title="Thonburi">Thonburi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thonburi_Kingdom" title="Thonburi Kingdom">Thonburi Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1767 </td> <td>1782 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a> after <a href="/wiki/Taksin" title="Taksin">King Taksin</a> was declared mad </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phong Châu, <a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Th%E1%BB%8D_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Phú Thọ Province">Phú Thọ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V%C4%83n_Lang" class="mw-redirect" title="Văn Lang">Văn Lang</a> (<a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93ng_B%C3%A0ng_dynasty" title="Hồng Bàng dynasty">Hồng Bàng dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-2879">2879 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-258">258 BC </td> <td>annexed by <a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A5c_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Thục dynasty">Thục dynasty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phong Châu, <a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Th%E1%BB%8D_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Phú Thọ Province">Phú Thọ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V%E1%BA%A1n_Xu%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Vạn Xuân">Vạn Xuân</a> (<a href="/wiki/H%E1%BA%ADu_L%C3%BD_Nam_%C4%90%E1%BA%BF" title="Hậu Lý Nam Đế">Hậu Lý Nam Đế</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>571 </td> <td>602 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Third_Chinese_domination_(History_of_Vietnam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Chinese domination (History of Vietnam)">Third Chinese domination</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%E1%BB%95_Loa_Citadel" title="Cổ Loa Citadel">Cổ Loa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>Âu Lạc (<a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A5c_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Thục dynasty">Thục dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-257">257 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-207">207 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Chinese_domination_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="First Chinese domination of Vietnam">First Chinese domination</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%E1%BB%95_Loa_Citadel" title="Cổ Loa Citadel">Cổ Loa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_dynasty" title="Ngô dynasty">Ngô dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>938 </td> <td>967 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_upheavals_of_Twelve_warlords" class="mw-redirect" title="The upheavals of Twelve warlords">the upheavals of Twelve warlords</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Đại La (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>An Nam (<a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%B9ng_H%C6%B0ng" title="Phùng Hưng">Phùng Hưng</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="700">8th century </td> <td>? </td> <td>Annexed by Tang dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td>Đại La (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>An Nam (<a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%BAc_clan" title="Khúc clan">Khúc clan</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>905 </td> <td>930 </td> <td>Dương Dinh Nghe was killed by his legion commander Kiều Công Tiễn and thus ending Khúc rule. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Đại La (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>An Nam (<a href="/wiki/D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Ngh%E1%BB%87" title="Dương Đình Nghệ">Dương Đình Nghệ</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ki%E1%BB%81u_C%C3%B4ng_Ti%E1%BB%85n" title="Kiều Công Tiễn">Kiều Công Tiễn</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>931 </td> <td>937 </td> <td>Ngô Quyền defeated Southern Han dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td>Đông Đô (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>Đại Việt (<a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_dynasty" title="Lê dynasty">Later Lê dynasty</a> and <a href="/wiki/M%E1%BA%A1c_dynasty" title="Mạc dynasty">Mạc dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1428 </td> <td>1788 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mê Linh (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tr%C6%B0ng_Sisters" class="mw-redirect" title="Trưng Sisters">Trưng Sisters</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>40 </td> <td>43 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Chinese_domination_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Chinese domination of Vietnam">Second Chinese domination</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_Bi%C3%AAn" title="Long Biên">Long Biên</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>Vạn Xuân (<a href="/wiki/Anterior_L%C3%BD_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior Lý dynasty">Anterior Lý dynasty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tri%E1%BB%87u_Vi%E1%BB%87t_V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Triệu Việt Vương">Triệu Việt Vương</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>544 </td> <td>571 </td> <td>moved to Phong Châu </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hoa_L%C6%B0" title="Hoa Lư">Hoa Lư</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ninh_B%C3%ACnh_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninh Bình Province">Ninh Bình</a>) </td> <td>Đại Cồ Việt (<a href="/wiki/%C4%90inh_dynasty" title="Đinh dynasty">Đinh dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>968 </td> <td>980 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hoa_L%C6%B0" title="Hoa Lư">Hoa Lư</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ninh_B%C3%ACnh_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninh Bình Province">Ninh Bình</a>) </td> <td>Đại Cồ Việt (<a href="/wiki/Early_L%C3%AA_dynasty" title="Early Lê dynasty">Early Lê dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>980 </td> <td>1009 </td> <td>moved to Đại La, then renamed into Thăng Long </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tây Đô, <a href="/wiki/Thanh_H%C3%B3a_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanh Hóa Province">Thanh Hóa</a> </td> <td>Đại Ngu (<a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_dynasty" title="Hồ dynasty">Hồ dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1400 </td> <td>1407 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Chinese_domination_(History_of_Vietnam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Chinese domination (History of Vietnam)">Fourth Chinese domination</a>; it was the first capital of Hồ dynasty </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tây Đô, <a href="/wiki/Thanh_H%C3%B3a_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanh Hóa Province">Thanh Hóa</a> </td> <td>Đại Việt-Nam Triều (<a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_dynasty#250_years_of_figurehead_Emperors" title="Lê dynasty">Restored Lê dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1533 </td> <td>1592 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Th%C4%83ng_Long" class="mw-redirect" title="Thăng Long">Thăng Long</a> after defeating <a href="/wiki/M%E1%BA%A1c_dynasty" title="Mạc dynasty">Mạc dynasty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Xu%C3%A2n" title="Phú Xuân">Phú Xuân</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a>) </td> <td>Đại Việt-Đàng Trong (<a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_lords" title="Nguyễn lords">Nguyễn lords</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1558 </td> <td>1777 </td> <td>Tây Sơn dynasty unified Đại Việt </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Xu%C3%A2n" title="Phú Xuân">Phú Xuân</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a>) </td> <td>Đại Việt (<a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2y_S%C6%A1n_dynasty" title="Tây Sơn dynasty">Tây Sơn dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1788 </td> <td>1802 </td> <td>Defeated by Nguyễn Ánh (<a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_dynasty" title="Nguyễn dynasty">Nguyễn dynasty</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Xu%C3%A2n" title="Phú Xuân">Phú Xuân</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a>) </td> <td>Đại Nam (<a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_dynasty" title="Nguyễn dynasty">Nguyễn dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1802 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a> after the abdication of Emperor <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3o_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i" title="Bảo Đại">Bảo Đại</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Xu%C3%A2n" title="Phú Xuân">Phú Xuân</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Vietnam" title="Empire of Vietnam">Empire of Vietnam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/August_Revolution" title="August Revolution">August Revolution</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Annam_(French_protectorate)" title="Annam (French protectorate)">An Nam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_dynasty" title="Nguyễn dynasty">Nguyễn dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1874 </td> <td>1955 </td> <td>annexed by France, <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conference_(1954)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Conference (1954)">Geneva Conference (1954)</a> led to the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Partition of Vietnam">Partition of Vietnam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saigon" class="mw-redirect" title="Saigon">Saigon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">French Indochina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1887 </td> <td>1901 </td> <td>moved to Hanoi </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saigon" class="mw-redirect" title="Saigon">Saigon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/State_of_Vietnam" title="State of Vietnam">Vietnam, State of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1955 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conference_(1954)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Conference (1954)">Geneva Conference (1954)</a> led to the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Partition of Vietnam">Partition of Vietnam</a>; Saigon was renamed Ho Chi Minh City in 1976. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saigon" class="mw-redirect" title="Saigon">Saigon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">Vietnam, South</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>1975 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, country ceased to exist after unification of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Th%C4%83ng_Long_Imperial_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Thăng Long Imperial City">Thăng Long</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Đại Việt">Đại Việt</a> (<a href="/wiki/L%C3%BD_dynasty" title="Lý dynasty">Lý</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_dynasty" title="Trần dynasty">Trần</a> dynasties) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1010 </td> <td>1400 </td> <td>Trần dynasty renovated Thăng Long and renamed to Long Phượng </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Th%C4%83ng_Long_Imperial_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Thăng Long Imperial City">Thăng Long</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>Đại Việt (<a href="/wiki/Later_L%C3%AA_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Later Lê dynasty">Later Lê dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1428 </td> <td>1527 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_and_Northern_Dynasties_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern and Northern Dynasties of Vietnam">Southern and Northern Dynasties of Vietnam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Th%C4%83ng_Long_Imperial_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Thăng Long Imperial City">Thăng Long</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>Đại Việt-Bắc Triều (<a href="/wiki/M%E1%BA%A1c_dynasty" title="Mạc dynasty">Mạc dynasty</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1533 </td> <td>1592 </td> <td>defeated by <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%8Bnh_lords" title="Trịnh lords">Trịnh lords</a>; renamed again to Đông Đô </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Th%C4%83ng_Long_Imperial_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Thăng Long Imperial City">Thăng Long</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>) </td> <td>Đại Việt-Đàng Ngoài (<a href="/wiki/Later_L%C3%AA_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Later Lê dynasty">Later Lê dynasty</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%8Bnh_lords" title="Trịnh lords">Trịnh lords</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1593 </td> <td>1788 </td> <td>Thăng Long was destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> and Tây Sơn dynasty unified Đại Việt, then moved to <a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Xu%C3%A2n" title="Phú Xuân">Phú Xuân</a>; renamed to Bắc Thành; renamed to Hanoi in 1831. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">French Indochina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1902 </td> <td>1953 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conference_(1954)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Conference (1954)">Geneva Conference (1954)</a> led to the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Partition of Vietnam">Partition of Vietnam</a>; in 1831, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Minh_M%E1%BA%A1ng" title="Minh Mạng">Minh Mạng</a> renamed Thăng Long to Hanoi (Hà Nội) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">Vietnam, North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>Unification with <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a> to become the capital of unified Vietnam </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southern_Asia">Southern Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Southern Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_of_India" title="List of capitals of India">List of capitals of India</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandya_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandya Empire">Pandya Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>c. 6th century </td> <td>1335 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Tenkasi" title="Tenkasi">Tenkasi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thanjavur" title="Thanjavur">Thanjavur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chola_Empire" title="Chola Empire">Chola Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>c. 9th century </td> <td>1279 </td> <td>Chola Empire is disestablished </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dacca (legislative)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td>1962 </td> <td>1971 </td> <td>Country's constituent assembly should meet in East Pakistan due to the region's high population.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mujibnagar" title="Mujibnagar">Mujibnagar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Bangladesh, Provisional Government of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td>1971 </td> <td>1972 </td> <td>A provisional government was established and the leaders of Bangladesh swore their <a href="/wiki/Oaths" class="mw-redirect" title="Oaths">oaths</a> in this town known as Baiydanathtala or Bhoborpara. This was later renamed to Mujibnagar in honour of <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hazrat_Pandua" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazrat Pandua">Hazrat Pandua</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1352 </td> <td>1450 </td> <td>First and longest capital of the Bengal Sultanate. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sonargaon" title="Sonargaon">Sonargaon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td>1390 </td> <td>1411 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Gau%E1%B8%8Da_(city)" title="Gauḍa (city)">Gaur</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gau%E1%B8%8Da_(city)" title="Gauḍa (city)">Gaur/Lakhnauti</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td>1450 </td> <td>1565 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_of_Bengal" title="Mahmud Shah of Bengal">Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah</a> changed the capital from Pandua to nearby Gaur, probably due to change in river course. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanda,_Bengal" title="Tanda, Bengal">Tanda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1565 </td> <td>1576 </td> <td>Bengal Sultanate was defeated by the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a> in 1576, but Tanda remained as Bengal's provincial capital until the 1590s. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daulatabad,_Maharashtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Daulatabad, Maharashtra">Daulatabad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tughlaq_dynasty" title="Tughlaq dynasty">Tughlaq dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1327 </td> <td>1329 </td> <td>Forcibly moved the entire population of Delhi to Daulatabad for a more centrally located capital. The decision was revoked and was moved back to <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> within two years, due to lack of water. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1504 </td> <td>1653 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Aurangabad,_Maharashtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurangabad, Maharashtra">Aurangabad</a>, was moved to Delhi during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Shah_Jahan" title="Shah Jahan">Shah Jahan</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Fatehpur_Sikri" title="Fatehpur Sikri">Fatehpur Sikri</a> during 1571–1585, during part of Akbar's reign. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fatehpur_Sikri" title="Fatehpur Sikri">Fatehpur Sikri</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1571 </td> <td>1585 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maratha_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha Empire">Maratha Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1679 </td> <td>1818 </td> <td>British captured the city and controlled from <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1772 </td> <td>1911 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Delhi </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1911 </td> <td>1931 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, inaugurated 1931 </td></tr> <tr> <td>New Delhi </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1931 </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>became capital of independent <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_India" title="Dominion of India">Dominion of India</a> in 1947, and later of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of India">Republic of India</a> in 1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shimla" title="Shimla">Simla</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1850">fl. 1850 </td> <td>1947 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Summer_capital" title="Summer capital">Summer capital</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mysore" title="Mysore">Mysore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Kingdom of Mysore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1524 </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, Kingdom of Mysore dissolved- the capital of the state was moved temporarily to <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a> 1831 to 1881 by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Cubbon_(army_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Cubbon (army officer)">Mark Cubbon</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Padmanabhapuram" title="Padmanabhapuram">Padmanabhapuram</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Travancore" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Travancore">Kingdom of Travancore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1601 </td> <td>1795 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Thiruvanathapuram" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruvanathapuram">Thiruvanathapuram</a> by Maharajah <a href="/wiki/Dharma_Raja" title="Dharma Raja">Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma I</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trivandrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Trivandrum">Trivandrum</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Travancore" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Travancore">Kingdom of Travancore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1795 </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> as Travancore joined <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_India" title="Dominion of India">Dominion of India</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_State" title="Hyderabad State">Hyderabad State</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td>1769 </td> <td>1948 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> in September 1948, after the launch of a military operation by the Dominion of India known as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Polo" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Polo">Operation Polo</a>. Hyderabad continues to remain the capital of the Indian states <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> and, provisionally, <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gorkha_District" title="Gorkha District">Gorkha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Kingdom" title="Gorkha Kingdom">Gorkha Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td>1559 </td> <td>1769 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a> after <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Nepal" title="Unification of Nepal">unification of Nepal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kathmandu_District" title="Kathmandu District">Kantipur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kantipur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kantipur">Kantipur, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td>1560 </td> <td>1826 </td> <td>Became/Renamed as <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a> after <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Nepal" title="Unification of Nepal">Unification of Nepal</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>1959 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>1959 </td> <td>1967 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>1799 </td> <td>1849 </td> <td>Annexation of the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab region">Punjab</a> by the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anuradhapura" title="Anuradhapura">Anuradhapura</a> </td> <td>Lanka </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-382">c. 382 BC </td> <td>1018 </td> <td>Capital moved to possibly <a href="/wiki/Polonnaruwa" title="Polonnaruwa">Polonnaruwa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polonnaruwa" title="Polonnaruwa">Polonnaruwa</a> </td> <td>Kingdom of Polonnaruwa </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1055">c. 1055 </td> <td>1284 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Dambadeniya" title="Dambadeniya">Dambadeniya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kotte" class="mw-redirect" title="Kotte">Kotte</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kotte" title="Kingdom of Kotte">Kotte, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1415">c. 1415 </td> <td data-sort-value="1565">c. 1565 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Kandy" title="Kandy">Kandy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kandy" title="Kandy">Kandy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Kingdom of Kandy">Kandy, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td>1592 </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">British Ceylon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1948 </td> <td>colony acquired dominion status </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Ceylon, Dominion of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td>1948 </td> <td>1972 </td> <td>Dominion became republic </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td>1972 </td> <td>1982 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte" title="Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte">Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Asia">Western Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Western Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assur" title="Assur">Assur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-2600">fl. 2600 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-900">9th century BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Calah" class="mw-redirect" title="Calah">Calah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Calah" class="mw-redirect" title="Calah">Calah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nimrud" title="Nimrud">Nimrud</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1300">13th century BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-710">710 BC </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1800">1800 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-600">600 BC </td> <td>Destroyed by Babylonians </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">Babylonia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-2400">24th century BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-141">141 BC </td> <td>Conquered by Assyrians, Persians, Parthians, Alexander the Great, later abandoned completely </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="600">656 </td> <td data-sort-value="600">661 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> by <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="700">750 </td> <td data-sort-value="700">762 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anbar_(town)" title="Anbar (town)">Anbar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="700">750s </td> <td data-sort-value="700">762 </td> <td>Alongside with <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>, it briefly became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> before the founding of <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samarra" title="Samarra">Samarra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">836 </td> <td data-sort-value="800">892 </td> <td>Capital moved back to <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mtskheta" title="Mtskheta">Mtskheta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iberia_(antiquity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Iberia (antiquity)">Iberia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-300">3rd century BC </td> <td data-sort-value="400">5th century </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> by <a href="/wiki/Dachi_of_Iberia" title="Dachi of Iberia">Dachi of Iberia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anshan_(Persia)" title="Anshan (Persia)">Anshan (Persia)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Elamite">Proto-Elamite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-3200">3200 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-850">850 BC </td> <td>Conquered by <a href="/wiki/Mannaeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannaeans">Mannaeans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zirta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zirta (page does not exist)">Zirta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Izirtu" title="Izirtu">Izirtu</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mannaeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannaeans">Mannaeans</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-850">850 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-728">728 BC </td> <td>Conquered by <a href="/wiki/Medes" title="Medes">Median Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ecbatana" title="Ecbatana">Ecbatana</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medes" title="Medes">Median Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-728">728 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-550">550 BC </td> <td>captured by <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae">Pasargadae</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-559">559 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-538">538 BC </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-538">538 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-515">515 BC </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a> by <a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Great" title="Darius the Great">Darius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-515">515 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-331">331 BC </td> <td>captured by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> and incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedonian Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seleucia" title="Seleucia">Seleucia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-305">305 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-240">240 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-240">240 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-64">64 BC </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hecatompylos" class="mw-redirect" title="Hecatompylos">Hecatompylos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nisa,_Turkmenistan" title="Nisa, Turkmenistan">Mithridatkird-Nisa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asaak" title="Asaak">Asaak</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-240">240 BC </td> <td>224 </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Sassanid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid Empire">Sassanid Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Firouzabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Firouzabad">Firouzabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Damghan" title="Damghan">Damghan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sassanid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid Empire">Sassanid Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>224 </td> <td>637 </td> <td>fell in <a href="/wiki/Islamic_conquest_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic conquest of Persia">Islamic conquest of Persia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nishapur" title="Nishapur">Nishapur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tahirid_dynasty" title="Tahirid dynasty">Tahirid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>821 </td> <td>873 </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty" title="Saffarid dynasty">Saffarid dynasty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zaranj" title="Zaranj">Zaranj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amol" title="Amol">Amol</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty" title="Saffarid dynasty">Saffarid dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alavids" class="mw-redirect" title="Alavids">Alavids</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>861 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Samanid_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Samanid dynasty">Samanid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balkh" title="Balkh">Balkh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Samanid_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Samanid dynasty">Samanid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>875 </td> <td>999 </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Ghaznavids" title="Ghaznavids">Ghaznavids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghazni" title="Ghazni">Ghazni</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghaznavids" title="Ghaznavids">Ghaznavids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghurids" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghurids">Ghurids</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>963 </td> <td>1212 </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Seljuq_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuq dynasty">Seljuq dynasty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nishapur" title="Nishapur">Nishapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rey,_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Rey, Iran">Rey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konye-Urgench" title="Konye-Urgench">Konye-Urgench</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seljuq_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuq dynasty">Seljuq dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khw%C4%81razm-Sh%C4%81h_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Khwārazm-Shāh dynasty">Khwarezmid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1037 </td> <td>1231 </td> <td>conquered by <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maragheh" title="Maragheh">Maragheh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1256 </td> <td>1265 </td> <td>Capital moved to Tabriz. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1265 </td> <td>1306 </td> <td>Capital moved to Soltaniyeh. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Soltaniyeh" title="Soltaniyeh">Soltaniyeh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1306 </td> <td>1335 </td> <td>After <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sa%27id_Bahadur_Khan" title="Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan">Abu Sa'id</a>'s death in 1335, the Ilkhanate began to disintegrate rapidly and split up into several rival successor states. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Safavid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1501 </td> <td>1548 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Qazvin" title="Qazvin">Qazvin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qazvin" title="Qazvin">Qazvin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Safavid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1548 </td> <td>1598 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Safavid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1598 </td> <td>1736 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afsharid_dynasty" title="Afsharid dynasty">Afsharid dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1736 </td> <td>1750 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Shiraz,_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiraz, Iran">Shiraz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shiraz,_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiraz, Iran">Shiraz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zand_dynasty" title="Zand dynasty">Zand dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1750 </td> <td>1782 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Sari,_Iran" title="Sari, Iran">Sari</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sari,_Iran" title="Sari, Iran">Sari</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Qajar dynasty</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>1782 </td> <td>1795 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gibeah" title="Gibeah">Gibeah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)" title="Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1030">c. 1030 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-1010">c. 1010 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Mahanaim" title="Mahanaim">Mahanaim</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahanaim" title="Mahanaim">Mahanaim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)" title="Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1010">c. 1010 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-1007">c. 1007 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)" title="Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1007">c. 1007 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-1000">c. 1000 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>; after the kingdom had been reunited by <a href="/wiki/David" title="David">King David</a>, he is said to have conquered the city from a <a href="/wiki/Jebusite" class="mw-redirect" title="Jebusite">Canaanite tribe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)" title="Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-1000">c. 1000 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-930">c. 930 BC </td> <td>country split in two </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Judah, Kingdom of</a> (southern part) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-930">c. 930 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-586">586 BC </td> <td>Kingdom ceased to exist (Jerusalem destroyed; <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian exile">Babylonian exile</a> 586 BC - 538 BC) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shechem" title="Shechem">Shechem</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> (northern part) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-930">c. 930 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-930">c. 930 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Penuel" title="Penuel">Penuel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Penuel" title="Penuel">Penuel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> (northern part) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-930">c. 930 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-909">c. 909 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Tirzah_(ancient_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirzah (ancient city)">Tirzah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tirzah_(ancient_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirzah (ancient city)">Tirzah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> (northern part) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-909">c. 909 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-880">c. 880 BC </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Samaria_(ancient_city)" title="Samaria (ancient city)">Samaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samaria_(ancient_city)" title="Samaria (ancient city)">Samaria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel, Kingdom of</a> (northern part) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-880">c. 880 BC </td> <td data-sort-value="-720">c. 720 BC </td> <td>Kingdom ceased to exist (much of its population was taken into <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_captivity" title="Assyrian captivity">captivity</a> and deported by Assyrian empire) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel, State of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1948">6 May 1948 </td> <td data-sort-value="1948">30 December 1948 </td> <td>interim de facto capital, moved to <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> after captured from Jordanian forces in <a href="/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War" title="1948 Arab–Israeli War">1948 Arab–Israeli War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td>1099 </td> <td>1187 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Akko" class="mw-redirect" title="Akko">Acre</a> (Jerusalem captured by <a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akko" class="mw-redirect" title="Akko">Acre</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td>1187 </td> <td>1291 </td> <td>Kingdom ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Salalah" title="Salalah">Salalah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oman_proper" class="mw-redirect" title="Oman proper">Oman, Imamate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> </td> <td>1932 </td> <td>1970 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Musqat" class="mw-redirect" title="Musqat">Musqat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diriyah" title="Diriyah">Diriyah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Diriyah" title="Emirate of Diriyah">Diriyah, Emirate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td>1744 </td> <td>1818 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turks" title="Ottoman Turks">Turks</a> destroyed the city. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> </td> <td>1967 </td> <td>1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="San'a">San'a</a>, country ceased to exist after unification of <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> </td> <td>661 </td> <td>744 </td> <td>Moved to Harran. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harran" title="Harran">Harran</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>744 </td> <td>750 </td> <td>Moved to Córdoba. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goris" title="Goris">Goris</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mountainous_Armenia" title="Republic of Mountainous Armenia">Mountainous Armenia, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>1921 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ganja,_Azerbaijan" title="Ganja, Azerbaijan">Ganja</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Democratic_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Democratic Republic">Azerbaijan Democratic Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> </td> <td>May 1918 </td> <td>September 1918 </td> <td>Moved to Baku. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_Europe">Central Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Central Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>became capital in <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r" title="Székesfehérvár">Székesfehérvár</a> and <a href="/wiki/Esztergom" title="Esztergom">Esztergom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="972">972 (or 973) </td> <td>1256 </td> <td>The capital moved from Esztergom to Buda after most of the <a href="/wiki/First_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary" title="First Mongol invasion of Hungary">city was destroyed</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongols</a> in 1242 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>1361 </td> <td>1536 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Pressburg</a> (Pozsony) after part of the nation <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1541)" title="Siege of Buda (1541)">captured</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pozsony<br />(<a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungary">Hungary, Royal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td>1536 </td> <td>1784 </td> <td>The Capital was here because <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Hungarian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman–Hungarian Wars">Turks captured</a> <a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a>, in 1784 it was moved back to Buda </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>1784 </td> <td>1849 </td> <td>Became part of <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a>, capital in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Crown_of_Saint_Stephen" title="Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen">Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen</a> (under <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>1867 </td> <td>1873 </td> <td>united with <a href="/wiki/%C3%93buda" title="Óbuda">Óbuda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pest_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pest (city)">Pest</a> to become <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P%C5%82ock" title="Płock">Płock</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Masovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Masovia">Masovia</a> (under <a href="/wiki/Miec%C5%82aw" title="Miecław">Miecław</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1038">c. 1038 </td> <td>1047 </td> <td>Masovia reincorporated into Poland </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P%C5%82ock" title="Płock">Płock</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Masovia" title="Duchy of Masovia">Masovia, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1138 </td> <td>1313 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Czersk,_Masovian_Voivodeship" title="Czersk, Masovian Voivodeship">Czersk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Czersk,_Masovian_Voivodeship" title="Czersk, Masovian Voivodeship">Czersk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Masovia" title="Duchy of Masovia">Masovia, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1313 </td> <td>1413 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Masovia" title="Duchy of Masovia">Masovia, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1413 </td> <td>1526 </td> <td>Masovia reincorporated into Poland </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gniezno" title="Gniezno">Gniezno</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="900">10th century </td> <td>1038 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="900">10th century </td> <td>1038 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1038 </td> <td>1079 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/P%C5%82ock" title="Płock">Płock</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P%C5%82ock" title="Płock">Płock</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1079 </td> <td>1138 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1138 </td> <td>1290 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1290 </td> <td>1296 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland" title="Crown of the Kingdom of Poland">Poland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1296 </td> <td>1795 </td> <td>informally moved in 1596 to <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Warsaw" title="Duchy of Warsaw">Warsaw, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1809 </td> <td>1809 </td> <td>de facto capital<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lublin" title="Lublin">Lublin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Polish Committee of National Liberation">Polish Committee of National Liberation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1944 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>de facto capital </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Polish People's Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>de facto capital </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Europe">Eastern Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Eastern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phanagoria" title="Phanagoria">Phanagoria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Great_Bulgaria" title="Old Great Bulgaria">Old Great Bulgaria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>632 </td> <td>665 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Novgorod" class="mw-redirect" title="Novgorod">Novgorod</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>862 </td> <td>882 </td> <td>moved to Kiev </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kiev (<a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>882 </td> <td>1169 </td> <td>state broke up, moved to <a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halych" title="Halych">Halych</a> and <a href="/wiki/Novgorod" class="mw-redirect" title="Novgorod">Novgorod</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladimir-Suzdal" title="Vladimir-Suzdal">Grand Duchy of Vladimir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1169 </td> <td>1327 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bolghar" title="Bolghar">Bolghar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Volga_Bulgaria" title="Volga Bulgaria">Volga Bulgaria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="700">8th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1240">1240s </td> <td>Volga Bulgaria lost sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazan_Khanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazan Khanate">Kazan Khanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1438 </td> <td>1552 </td> <td>Kazan Khanate lost sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Moscow" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duchy of Moscow">Moscow, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1327 </td> <td>1547 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Russia, Tsardom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1547 </td> <td>1712 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Russia, Tsardom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1611 </td> <td>1612 </td> <td><i>de facto</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Russia, Tsardom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1712 </td> <td>1721 </td> <td>The Russian Tsardom became the Russian Empire. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1721 </td> <td>1727 </td> <td>Empire was officially proclaimed by Tsar <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter I</a>, following the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nystad" title="Treaty of Nystad">Treaty of Nystad</a> (1721). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1727 </td> <td>1731 </td> <td>moved to Saint Petersburg </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Russian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1731 </td> <td>1914 </td> <td>City renamed Petrograd. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Petrograd (<a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Russian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1914 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>moved to Moscow </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1922 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>State union dissolved, Became capital of Russia </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Volodymyr (city)">Volodymyr</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia–Volhynia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1199 </td> <td>1238 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Halych" title="Halych">Halych</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Halych" title="Halych">Halych</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia–Volhynia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1238 </td> <td>1241 </td> <td>moved to Kholm (<a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82m" title="Chełm">Chełm</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kholm (<a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82m" title="Chełm">Chełm</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia–Volhynia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>1241 </td> <td>1272 </td> <td>moved to Lev (<a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lev (<a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia–Volhynia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1272 </td> <td>1349 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia</a> lost its sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chyhyryn" title="Chyhyryn">Chyhyryn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1648 </td> <td>1669 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Baturyn" title="Baturyn">Baturyn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baturyn" title="Baturyn">Baturyn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1669 </td> <td>1708 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Hlukhiv" title="Hlukhiv">Hlukhiv</a> after demolition of the city by Russian forces </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hlukhiv" title="Hlukhiv">Hlukhiv</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1708 </td> <td>1722 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a> lost its sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hlukhiv" title="Hlukhiv">Hlukhiv</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1727 </td> <td>1734 </td> <td>Cossack Hetmanate lost its sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baturyn" title="Baturyn">Baturyn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1750 </td> <td>1764 </td> <td>Cossack Hetmanate lost its sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kiev (<a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1917 </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>Ukrainian People's Republic lost its sovereignty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taganrog" title="Taganrog">Taganrog</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>German forces captured the city.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Republic dissolved. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Polish forces captured the city </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1919 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stanislaviv (<a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1919 </td> <td>1919 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1919 </td> <td>1934 </td> <td>moved to Kiev (<a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzhhorod" title="Uzhhorod">Uzhhorod</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carpatho-Ukraine" title="Carpatho-Ukraine">Carpatho-Ukraine</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1938 </td> <td>1938 </td> <td>Parts of the territory including Uzhhorod were transferred to the Kingdom of Hungary as a result of <a href="/wiki/First_Vienna_Award" title="First Vienna Award">First Vienna Award</a>. Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Khust" title="Khust">Khust</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khust" title="Khust">Khust</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carpatho-Ukraine" title="Carpatho-Ukraine">Carpatho-Ukraine</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>1938 </td> <td>1939 </td> <td>Carpatho-Ukraine lost its sovereignty. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Europe">Northern Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Northern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_capitals_of_Norway" title="List of historical capitals of Norway">List of historical capitals of Norway</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roskilde" title="Roskilde">Roskilde</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1020">c. 1020 </td> <td>1443 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ribe" title="Ribe">Ribe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_Empire" title="North Sea Empire">North Sea Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td>1016 </td> <td>1035 </td> <td>Empire collapsed with the death of <a href="/wiki/Cnut_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnut the Great">Cnut the Great</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td>1443 </td> <td>1524 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td>1524 </td> <td>1814 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland" title="Grand Duchy of Finland">Finland, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td>1809 </td> <td>1812 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vaasa" title="Vaasa">Vaasa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Temporary capital during the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War" title="Finnish Civil War">Civil War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferns,_County_Wexford" title="Ferns, County Wexford">Ferns</a> </td> <td>Laighin (Leinster) (under <a href="/wiki/Dermot_MacMurrough" class="mw-redirect" title="Dermot MacMurrough">Dermot MacMurrough</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="500">6th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1100">12th century </td> <td>Ireland <a href="/wiki/Norman_invasion_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman invasion of Ireland">invaded by Normans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cashel,_County_Tipperary" title="Cashel, County Tipperary">Cashel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Munster" title="Kingdom of Munster">Munster, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="100 BC">1st century BC </td> <td>1118 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Munster#Division_into_Desmond_and_Thomond" title="Kingdom of Munster">Division of Munster into Desmond and Thomond</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kilkenny" title="Kilkenny">Kilkenny</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Confederate_Ireland" title="Confederate Ireland">Ireland, Confederate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td>1642 </td> <td>1651 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Cromwellian conquest of Ireland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kernav%C4%97" title="Kernavė">Kernavė</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Lithuania, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td>1279 </td> <td>1321 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Senieji_Trakai" title="Senieji Trakai">Trakai</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Senieji_Trakai" title="Senieji Trakai">Trakai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Lithuania, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td>c. 1321 </td> <td>c. 1323 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania, Republic of</a> (<a href="/wiki/Temporary_capital_of_Lithuania" title="Temporary capital of Lithuania"><i>details</i></a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td>1922 </td> <td>1940 </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nidaros (<a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(872%E2%80%931397)" title="Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)">Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td>997 </td> <td>1217 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bergen,_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Bergen, Norway">Bergen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bjørgvin (<a href="/wiki/Bergen,_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Bergen, Norway">Bergen</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(872%E2%80%931397)" title="Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)">Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td>1217 </td> <td>1299 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Christiania (<a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td>1905 </td> <td>1925 </td> <td>(also written Kristiania from ca. 1877), renamed <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gamla_Uppsala" title="Gamla Uppsala">Gamla Uppsala</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sweden_(800%E2%80%931521)" title="Kingdom of Sweden (800–1521)">Sweden, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">9th century </td> <td>1273 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sweden_(800%E2%80%931521)" title="Kingdom of Sweden (800–1521)">Sweden, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td>1273 </td> <td>1436 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Din Guardi (<a href="/wiki/Bamburgh_Castle" title="Bamburgh Castle">Bamburgh Castle</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bryneich" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryneich">Bryneich</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>420 </td> <td>547 </td> <td>conquering of the Kingdom </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chelmsford" title="Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>1 July 1381 </td> <td>6 July 1381 </td> <td>Briefly moved from <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> due to <a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt" title="Peasants' Revolt">Peasants' Revolt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bebbanburgh (<a href="/wiki/Bamburgh" title="Bamburgh">Bamburgh</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernicia" title="Bernicia">Bernicia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>547 </td> <td>634 </td> <td>merged with <a href="/wiki/Deira" title="Deira">Deira</a> to become <a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ebrauc" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebrauc">Ebrauc</a> (<a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deira" title="Deira">Deira</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="400">5th century </td> <td>866 </td> <td>merged with <a href="/wiki/Bernicia" title="Bernicia">Bernicia</a> to become <a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lisnaskea" title="Lisnaskea">Lisnaskea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh" title="Fermanagh">Fermanagh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>10th century </td> <td>1607 </td> <td>Disestablished alongside the kingdom following the <a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>834 </td> <td>866 </td> <td>fall of the Kingdom </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_on_Thames" title="Dorchester on Thames">Dorchester on Thames</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wessex" title="Wessex">Wessex</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>634 </td> <td>686 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Winchester" title="Winchester">Winchester</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rendlesham" title="Rendlesham">Rendlesham</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_East_Anglia" title="Kingdom of East Anglia">East Anglia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="500">6th century </td> <td>1017 </td> <td>absorbed into England </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Winchester" title="Winchester">Winchester</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wessex" title="Wessex">Wessex</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>686 </td> <td>927 </td> <td>formation of England </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Winchester" title="Winchester">Winchester</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>927 </td> <td>1066 </td> <td>moved to London </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Castletown,_Isle_of_Man" title="Castletown, Isle of Man">Castletown</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Man, Isle of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>1090 </td> <td>1874 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamworth,_Staffordshire" title="Tamworth, Staffordshire">Tamworth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mercia" title="Mercia">Mercia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="600">7th century </td> <td>927 </td> <td>fall of Kingdom, superseded by <a href="/wiki/Winchester" title="Winchester">Winchester</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton" title="Dumbarton">Dumbarton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Strathclyde" title="Kingdom of Strathclyde">Strathclyde, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>c 5th Century </td> <td>870 </td> <td>Moved to <a href="/wiki/Govan" title="Govan">Govan, now part of Glasgow</a>, following <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dumbarton" title="Siege of Dumbarton">4 months of Viking military assault</a> in 870. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Govan" title="Govan">Govan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Strathclyde" title="Kingdom of Strathclyde">Strathclyde, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>870 </td> <td>c 1034 </td> <td>Conquered by <a href="/wiki/Duncan_II_of_Scotland" title="Duncan II of Scotland">Duncan II</a>, and became part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Alba" title="Kingdom of Alba">Scotland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kirkwall" title="Kirkwall">Kirkjuvagr</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Earldom_of_Orkney" title="Earldom of Orkney">Norðreyjar</a>, Territory of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(872%E2%80%931397)" title="Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)">Norwegian Realm</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>c 872 </td> <td>1472 </td> <td>Absorbed into <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scone,_Scotland" title="Scone, Scotland">Scone</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>846 </td> <td>1452 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>1452 </td> <td>1707 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Crowns" title="Union of the Crowns">Scotland was united with England under one monarch</a> in 1603. Edinburgh remains the capital of Scotland within the United Kingdom. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Machynlleth" title="Machynlleth">Machynlleth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Wales" title="Principality of Wales">Wales, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>1404 </td> <td>1416 </td> <td>seat of <a href="/wiki/Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r" title="Owain Glyndŵr">Owain Glyndŵr</a>'s self-proclaimed parliament. Capital declared to be <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a> in 1955 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_York" title="Scandinavian York">Scandinavian York</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>875 </td> <td>954 </td> <td>fall of kingdom </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Camulodunum" title="Camulodunum">Camulodunum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman Britain</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>43 </td> <td>61 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Londinium" title="Londinium">Londinium</a> (<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>) after being destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Boudica" title="Boudica">Boudica</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southern_Europe">Southern Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Southern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South-central_Europe">South-central Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: South-central Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Corte,_Haute-Corse" title="Corte, Haute-Corse">Corte</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Corsican_Republic" title="Corsican Republic">Corsica, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>1755 </td> <td>1769 </td> <td>Corsican Republic annexed by France </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Corte,_Haute-Corse" title="Corte, Haute-Corse">Corte</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Corsican_Kingdom" title="Anglo-Corsican Kingdom">Anglo-Corsican Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>1794 </td> <td>1795 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bastia" title="Bastia">Bastia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bastia" title="Bastia">Bastia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Corsican_Kingdom" title="Anglo-Corsican Kingdom">Anglo-Corsican Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>1795 </td> <td>1796 </td> <td>Corsican Kingdom annexed by France </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chamb%C3%A9ry" title="Chambéry">Chambéry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Savoy, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>1416 </td> <td>1562 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tharros" title="Tharros">Tharros</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Arborea" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Arborea">Arborea, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">9th century </td> <td>1070 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Oristano" title="Oristano">Oristano</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oristano" title="Oristano">Oristano</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Arborea" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Arborea">Arborea, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1070 </td> <td>1410 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Sassari" title="Sassari">Sassari</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sassari" title="Sassari">Sassari</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Arborea" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Arborea">Arborea, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1410 </td> <td>1420 </td> <td>remaining territories sold to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Kingdom of Sardinia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_Igia" title="Santa Igia">Santa Igia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Cagliari" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Cagliari">Cagliari, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">9th century </td> <td>1258 </td> <td>country dissolved, territories annexed by <a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Arborea" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Arborea">Arborea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Gallura" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Gallura">Gallura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Della_Gherardesca_family" title="Della Gherardesca family">Gherardesca</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1797 </td> <td>1802 </td> <td>became the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Etruria" title="Kingdom of Etruria">Etruria, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1801 </td> <td>1807 </td> <td>Kingdom of Etruria annexed by <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">France</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferrara" title="Ferrara">Ferrara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Ferrara" title="Duchy of Ferrara">Ferrara, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1471 </td> <td>1597 </td> <td>annexed by the papacy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Florence" title="Duchy of Florence">Florence, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1532 </td> <td>1569 </td> <td>became <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1115 </td> <td>1532 </td> <td>became <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Florence" title="Duchy of Florence">Duchy of Florence</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Olbia" title="Olbia">Olbia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Gallura" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Gallura">Gallura, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">9th century </td> <td>1296 </td> <td>country dissolved, territories annexed by <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Arborea" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Arborea">Arborea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1000">11th century </td> <td>1805 </td> <td>annexed by France </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1802 </td> <td>1805 </td> <td>Became the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%B2" title="Salò">Salò</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1943 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>Republic ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Italy, Kingdom of</a> (Napoleonic) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1805 </td> <td>1814 </td> <td>Kingdom ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy, Kingdom of</a> (Sardinian) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1861 </td> <td>1865 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy, Kingdom of</a> (Sardinian) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1865 </td> <td>1871 </td> <td>moved to Rome </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rome </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy, Kingdom of</a> (Sardinian) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1871 </td> <td>1946 </td> <td>Kingdom became Republic </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lombardo-Venetian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom">Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>Milan ceded to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Kingdom of Sardinia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lombardo-Venetian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom">Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>1866 </td> <td>Kingdom annexed by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucca" title="Lucca">Lucca</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lucca" title="Duchy of Lucca">Lucca, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1847 </td> <td>Duchy annexed by <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucca" title="Lucca">Lucca</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Lucca" title="Republic of Lucca">Lucca, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1288 </td> <td>1805 </td> <td>Republic annexed by France </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mantua" title="Mantua">Mantua</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Mantua" title="Duchy of Mantua">Mantua, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1433 </td> <td>1708 </td> <td>attached to the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1395 </td> <td>1797 </td> <td>became part of the <a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Modena" title="Modena">Modena</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Modena" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Modena">Modena, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1452 </td> <td>1860 </td> <td>became part of united Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1282 </td> <td>1816 </td> <td>Kingdom of Naples merged into the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Piacenza" title="Piacenza">Piacenza</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Parma" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Parma">Parma, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1545 </td> <td>1547 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a>, following the assassination of the Duke <a href="/wiki/Pierluigi_Farnese" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierluigi Farnese">Pierluigi Farnese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Parma" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Parma">Parma (and Piacenza), Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1547 </td> <td>1860 </td> <td>Became part of united Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Sardinia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1324 </td> <td>1720 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Sardinia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1720 </td> <td>1861 </td> <td>Became part of unified Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sassari" title="Sassari">Sassari</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medieval_commune" title="Medieval commune">Sassari, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1294 </td> <td>1323 </td> <td>Became part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Kingdom of Sardinia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Savoy, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1562 </td> <td>1720 </td> <td>Became part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Kingdom of Sardinia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1130 </td> <td>1816 </td> <td>Kingdom merged into the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Catania" title="Catania">Catania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Trinacria, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1282 </td> <td>1401 </td> <td>Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a>. After 1302 the Kingdom of Sicily was sometimes called the Kingdom of Trinacria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Porto_Torres" title="Porto Torres">Porto Torres</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Logudoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Logudoro">Torres, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">9th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1000">11th century </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ardara,_Sardinia" title="Ardara, Sardinia">Ardara</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ardara,_Sardinia" title="Ardara, Sardinia">Ardara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Logudoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Logudoro">Torres, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1000">11th century </td> <td>1272 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Sassari" title="Sassari">Sassari</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sassari" title="Sassari">Sassari</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Logudoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Logudoro">Torres, Giudicato of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1272 </td> <td>1280 </td> <td>country dissolved, territories annexed by <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaspina" class="extiw" title="it:Malaspina">Malaspina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doria_(family)" title="Doria (family)">Doria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giudicato_of_Arborea" class="mw-redirect" title="Giudicato of Arborea">Arborea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste" title="Free Territory of Trieste">Trieste, Free Territory of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>Territory dissolved, integrated into Italy and <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Tuscany, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1569 </td> <td>1860 </td> <td>became part of unified Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Siena" title="Siena">Siena</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Siena" title="Republic of Siena">Siena, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1125 </td> <td>1555 </td> <td>Conquered by <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Two Sicilies, Kingdom of the</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1816 </td> <td>1861 </td> <td>became part of unified Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Urbino" title="Urbino">Urbino</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Urbino" title="Duchy of Urbino">Urbino, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1443 </td> <td>1523 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Pesaro" title="Pesaro">Pesaro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pesaro" title="Pesaro">Pesaro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Urbino" title="Duchy of Urbino">Urbino, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1523 </td> <td>1625 </td> <td>annexed by the papacy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="800">fl. 9th century </td> <td>1797 </td> <td>annexed by <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Gozo" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Gozo">Rabat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gozo_(independent_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gozo (independent state)">Gozitan Nation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td>1798 </td> <td>1801 </td> <td>became part of the <a href="/wiki/Malta_Protectorate" title="Malta Protectorate">British Protectorate of Malta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mdina" title="Mdina">Mdina</a> </td> <td>Part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="-700">700 BC </td> <td>1530 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu">Birgu</a> upon arrival of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Order of Saint John</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu">Birgu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/History_of_Malta_under_the_Order_of_Saint_John" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Malta under the Order of Saint John">History of Malta under the Order of Saint John</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td>1530 </td> <td>1571 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South-eastern_Europe">South-eastern Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: South-eastern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr" title="Gjirokastër">Gjirokastër</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Arbanon" title="Principality of Arbanon">Arbanon, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1190 </td> <td>1255 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Kingdom of Albania (medieval)">Albania, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1272 </td> <td>1368 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Principality of Albania (medieval)">Albania, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1368 </td> <td>1392 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krujë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Gjirokast%C3%ABr" class="mw-redirect" title="Principality of Gjirokastër">Gjirokastër, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1286 </td> <td>1418 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berat" title="Berat">Berat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Berat" class="mw-redirect" title="Lordship of Berat">Berat, Lordship of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1335 </td> <td>1444 </td> <td>Berat became part of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lezh%C3%AB" title="Lezhë">Lezhë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Dukagjini" title="Principality of Dukagjini">Dukagjini, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1387 </td> <td>1444 </td> <td>Dukagjini became part of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krujë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Kastrioti" title="Principality of Kastrioti">Kastrioti, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1389 </td> <td>1444 </td> <td>Kastrioti became part of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lezh%C3%AB" title="Lezhë">Lezhë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">Lezhë, League of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1444 </td> <td>1450 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_Albania" title="Independent Albania">Albania, Independent</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1912 </td> <td>1914 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Albania, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1914 </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pliska" title="Pliska">Pliska</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire, First</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="681">681 AD </td> <td data-sort-value="893">893 AD </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Preslav" class="mw-redirect" title="Preslav">Preslav</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Preslav" class="mw-redirect" title="Preslav">Preslav</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire, First</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="893">893 AD </td> <td data-sort-value="972">972 AD </td> <td>capital of <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> (moved to <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopie</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Tarnovo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire, Second</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>1185 </td> <td>1393 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Vidin" title="Vidin">Vidin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vidin" title="Vidin">Vidin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire, Second</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>1393 </td> <td>1396 </td> <td>Empire ceased to exist after the Ottoman conquest </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Tarnovo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Bulgaria" title="Principality of Bulgaria">Bulgaria, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>1878 </td> <td>1879 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>1878 </td> <td>1885 </td> <td>annexed as part of the <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Unification of Bulgaria">Unification of Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ragusa (<a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Ragusa, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="600">7th century </td> <td>1808 </td> <td>annexed by France </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vara%C5%BEdin" title="Varaždin">Varaždin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Croatia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td>1756 </td> <td>1776 </td> <td>Moved back to <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, when a fire destroyed most of the city. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fiume (<a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Fiume, Free State of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>1924 </td> <td>annexed by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chania" title="Chania">Chania</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cretan_State" title="Cretan State">Cretan State</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td>1898 </td> <td>1913 </td> <td>Cretan State united with Greece </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Corfu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septinsular_Republic" title="Septinsular Republic">Septinsular Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td>1800 </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>Succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="United States of the Ionian Islands">United States of the Ionian Islands</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Amical_protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Amical protectorate">amical protectorate</a> of the United Kingdom, which had Corfu as its capital, too, until 1864, when the island country became part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Kingdom of Greece</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nafplio" title="Nafplio">Nafplio</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Hellenic_Republic" title="First Hellenic Republic">Hellenic Republic, First</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td>1821 </td> <td>1836 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aegina" title="Aegina">Aegina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Hellenic_Republic" title="First Hellenic Republic">Hellenic Republic, First</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td>1827 </td> <td>1829 </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Nafplio" title="Nafplio">Nafplio</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Siret" title="Siret">Siret</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1354 </td> <td>1388 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Suceava" title="Suceava">Suceava</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Suceava" title="Suceava">Suceava</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1388 </td> <td>1564 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1564 </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>unified with <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a> to form <a href="/wiki/United_Principalities" class="mw-redirect" title="United Principalities">United Principalities of Romania</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Principalities" class="mw-redirect" title="United Principalities">Romanian United Principalities</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>1862 </td> <td>one of the two capitals of the <a href="/wiki/United_Principalities" class="mw-redirect" title="United Principalities">United Principalities</a>, then moved to <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Principalities" class="mw-redirect" title="United Principalities">Romanian United Principalities</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>1916 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a> after partial occupation of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a> during World War I </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1916 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>moved back to <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Curtea_de_Arge%C8%99" title="Curtea de Argeș">Curtea de Argeș</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1200">fl.13th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1400">fl.15th century </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2mpulung" title="Câmpulung">Câmpulung</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1200">fl.13th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1400">fl.15th century </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rgovi%C8%99te" title="Târgoviște">Târgoviște</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rgovi%C8%99te" title="Târgoviște">Târgoviște</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1418 </td> <td>1659 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>1659 </td> <td>1859 </td> <td>unified with <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a> to form <a href="/wiki/United_Principalities" class="mw-redirect" title="United Principalities">United Principalities of Romania</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="330">330 AD </td> <td data-sort-value="661">661 AD </td> <td>Emperor <a href="/wiki/Constans_II" title="Constans II">Constans II</a> relocated his capital to <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a> in Sicily. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="661">661 AD </td> <td data-sort-value="668">668 AD </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constans_II" title="Constans II">Constans II</a> was assassinated and the seat of Byzantine government was returned to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="668">668 AD </td> <td>1204 </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a> set out to replace the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox">Greek Orthodox</a> Byzantine Empire with a <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire" title="Latin Empire">Latin</a> version and there were several <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> successor states, the most memorable of which being the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Nicaea" title="Empire of Nicaea">Empire of Nicaea</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicaea" title="Nicaea">Nicaea</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0znik" title="İznik">İznik</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>1204 </td> <td>1261 </td> <td>When the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Nicaea" title="Empire of Nicaea">Empire of Nicaea</a> recaptured <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, they relocated the capital there as well </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>1261 </td> <td>1453 </td> <td>Byzantine Empire <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">Fall of Constantinople</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa">Bursa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>1335 </td> <td>1365 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>1365 </td> <td>1453 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> (Constantinople) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>1453 </td> <td>1923 </td> <td>The Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey. The capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Montenegro" title="Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro">Montenegro, Prince-Bishopric of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1696 </td> <td>1852 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Montenegro" title="Principality of Montenegro">Montenegro, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1852 </td> <td>1910 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Montenegro" title="Kingdom of Montenegro">Montenegro, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1910 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Became part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a>. Capital of <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">SR Montenegro</a> moved to Titograd (<a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a>) in 1946. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stari_Ras" title="Stari Ras">Stari Ras</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Principality_of_Serbia" title="Grand Principality of Serbia">Serbia, Grand Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="950">950 AD </td> <td>1234 </td> <td>capital of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Principality_of_Serbia" title="Grand Principality of Serbia">Grand Principality of Serbia</a>, and the historical region of <a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%A1ka_(region)" title="Raška (region)">Raška</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prapratna" title="Prapratna">Prapratna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duklja" title="Duklja">Duklja</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>... </td> <td>1042 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Skadar" class="mw-redirect" title="Skadar">Skadar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Skadar (<a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duklja" title="Duklja">Duklja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zeta" title="Zeta">Zeta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td>1042 </td> <td>1385 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ulcinj" title="Ulcinj">Ulcinj</a> (Olcinium) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Debrc" title="Debrc">Debrc</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(medieval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)">Serbia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1276 </td> <td>1289 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(medieval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)">Serbia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1300 </td> <td>1345 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skoplje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </td> <td>1345 </td> <td>1371 </td> <td>capital of <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a>, now capital of <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Kruševac">Kruševac</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Serbia" title="Moravian Serbia">Serbia, Moravian</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1371 </td> <td>1405 </td> <td>capital of Serbia, moved to Belgrade </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulcinj" title="Ulcinj">Ulcinj</a> (Olcinium) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Bal%C5%A1i%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Balšići">Zeta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1385 </td> <td>1403 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bar,_Montenegro" title="Bar, Montenegro">Bar</a> (Antivari) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bar,_Montenegro" title="Bar, Montenegro">Bar</a> (Antivari) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Bal%C5%A1i%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Balšići">Zeta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1403 </td> <td>1408 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1405 </td> <td>1427 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Skadar (<a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Crnojevi%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Crnojevići">Zeta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1408 </td> <td>1474 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDabljak" title="Žabljak">Žabljak</a> (Žabljak Crnojevića) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smederevo" title="Smederevo">Smederevo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1430 </td> <td>1453 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDabljak_Crnojevi%C4%87a" title="Žabljak Crnojevića">Žabljak Crnojevića</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Crnojevi%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Crnojevići">Zeta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1474 </td> <td>1475 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obod (page does not exist)">Obod</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obod (page does not exist)">Obod</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Crnojevi%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Crnojevići">Zeta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td>1475 </td> <td>1482 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Subotica" title="Subotica">Subotica</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Nenad" title="Jovan Nenad">Jovan Nenad</a>'s Empire </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1526 </td> <td>1527 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kragujevac" title="Kragujevac">Kragujevac</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Serbia, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1818 </td> <td>1841 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>1992 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of/ Serbia and Montenegro, State Union of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td>1992 </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>State union dissolved, became capital of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South-western_Europe">South-western Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: South-western Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td>1128 </td> <td>1179 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Coimbra" title="Coimbra">Coimbra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coimbra" title="Coimbra">Coimbra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td>1179 </td> <td>1255 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Visigothic_Kingdom" title="Visigothic Kingdom">Visigothic Kingdom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>507 </td> <td>546 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/County_of_Barcelona" title="County of Barcelona">County of Barcelona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Aragon" title="Crown of Aragon">Crown of Aragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Catalonia" title="Principality of Catalonia">Principality of Catalonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catalan_Republic" title="Catalan Republic">Catalan Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>801 </td> <td>1715 </td> <td>annexed by <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>1937 </td> <td>1939 </td> <td>Government of the Second Spanish Republic in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Andalusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Córdoba, Andalusia">Córdoba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Córdoba">Córdoba, Emirate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>756 </td> <td>929 </td> <td>Succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Caliphate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphate of Córdoba">Caliphate of Córdoba</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Andalusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Córdoba, Andalusia">Córdoba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caliphate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphate of Córdoba">Córdoba, Caliphate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>929 </td> <td>1031 </td> <td>country dissolved, became part of <a href="/wiki/Taifa_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Taifa of Córdoba">Taifa of Córdoba</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile, Crown of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1000">11th century </td> <td data-sort-value="1400">15th century </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Rubi%C3%A1s" title="Santiago de Rubiás">Santiago</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Couto_Mixto" class="mw-redirect" title="Couto Mixto">Couto Mixto</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1100">12th century </td> <td>1864 </td> <td>Couto Mixto annexed by Spain and Portugal </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Granada" title="Granada">Granada</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Granada" title="Emirate of Granada">Granada, Emirate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>1250 </td> <td>1492 </td> <td>Emirate ceased to exist after the <a href="/wiki/Reconquista" title="Reconquista">Reconquista</a> and incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile, Crown of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1400">15th century </td> <td>1469 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile, Crown of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>1469 </td> <td>1561 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>. Was briefly the Spanish capital again from 1601 to 1606. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>1936 </td> <td>1937 </td> <td>Government of the Second Spanish Republic in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Europe">Western Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Western Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td>1806 </td> <td>1867 </td> <td>became capital of the <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td>1867 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>became capital of the <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Republic of Austria</a> after Empire collapsed </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td>431 </td> <td>486 </td> <td>Under kings <a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Clovis I</a>, Tournai was the capital of the Frankish empire. In the year 486, Clovis moved the centre of power to Paris, as a result, the Low Countries region ceased to be the political centre of the Frankish empire. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelmis" title="Kelmis">Kelmis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neutral_Moresnet" title="Neutral Moresnet">Neutral Moresnet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td>1816 </td> <td>1919 </td> <td>Moresnet annexed by Belgium </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">France, State of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>1940 </td> <td>1944 </td> <td>capital of <a href="/wiki/Vichy_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Vichy French">Vichy France</a> régime, defeated by Allies </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Carolingian Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>800 </td> <td>814 </td> <td>became capital of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> as <a href="/wiki/Imperator_Augustus#Post-Roman_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperator Augustus">Imperator Augustus</a> and Emperor of the <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Carolingian Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe" title="Karlsruhe">Karlsruhe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Baden" title="Grand Duchy of Baden">Baden, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1771 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Baden became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Karlsruhe remained the capital of the German state of Baden until 1945. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1300">14th century </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Bavaria became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Munich remains the capital of the German state of Bavaria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Braunschweig" title="Braunschweig">Braunschweig<br />(Brunswick)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brunswick" title="Duchy of Brunswick">Brunswick, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Brunswick became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Braunschweig remained the capital of the German <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Brunswick" title="Free State of Brunswick">Free State of Brunswick</a> until 1946 when it became part of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Rhine, Confederation of the</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1806 </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>Confederation dissolved </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1866 </td> <td>German Confederation dissolved </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1871 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Germany</a> (Weimar Republic) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1919 </td> <td>1933 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a> (Nazi Germany) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1933 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>Separation of Germany into <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">occupation zones for the Allied powers</a>. Capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Flensburg_Government" title="Flensburg Government">Flensburg</a> temporarily under control of then-president <a href="/wiki/Karl_D%C3%B6nitz" title="Karl Dönitz">Karl Dönitz</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Flensburg" title="Flensburg">Flensburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a> (Nazi Germany) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>Lost all of its jurisdictions after the <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Surrender of Germany">Surrender of Germany</a>, still operated until 23 May when cabinet members were arrested. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">Germany, West</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>Moved to Berlin after <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">re-unification of Germany</a>. Bonn retained as the German seat of government until 1999. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Berlin" title="East Berlin">East Berlin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">Germany, East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1949 </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>East Berlin and <a href="/wiki/West_Berlin" title="West Berlin">West Berlin</a> merged to form reunified Berlin, country ceased to exist after reunification of Germany </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hanover" title="Kingdom of Hanover">Hanover, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1814 </td> <td>1866 </td> <td>Hanover annexed by <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a>, became capital of the Prussian <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Hanover" title="Province of Hanover">Province of Hanover</a>, currently the capital of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Darmstadt" title="Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt">Hesse-Darmstadt, Landgraviate of</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Hesse" title="Grand Duchy of Hesse">Hesse, Grand Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1567 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Hesse-Darmstadt became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Darmstadt remained the capital of the German <a href="/wiki/People%27s_State_of_Hesse" title="People's State of Hesse">People's State of Hesse</a> until 1945. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Darmstadt" title="Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt">Hesse-Darmstadt, Landgraviate of</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel">Hesse-Kassel, Landgraviate of</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Hesse" title="Electorate of Hesse">Hesse, Electorate of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1277 </td> <td>1866 </td> <td>Hesse-Kassel annexed by <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a> in 1866; Kassel became capital of the Prussian province of <a href="/wiki/Hesse-Nassau" class="mw-redirect" title="Hesse-Nassau">Hesse-Nassau</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Nassau, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1816 </td> <td>1866 </td> <td>Nassau annexed by <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a>, currently the capital of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oldenburg_(city)" title="Oldenburg (city)">Oldenburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Oldenburg" title="Duchy of Oldenburg">Oldenburg, Duchy of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1180 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Oldenburg became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Oldenburg remained the capital of the German <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Oldenburg" title="Free State of Oldenburg">Free State of Oldenburg</a> until 1946 when it became part of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_the_Palatinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Electorate of the Palatinate">Palatinate, Electorate of the</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1300">14th century </td> <td>1720 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_the_Palatinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Electorate of the Palatinate">Palatinate, Electorate of the</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1720 </td> <td>1777 </td> <td>Palatinate inherited by the Electors of Bavaria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1485 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Saxony became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Dresden remained the capital of the German state of Saxony until Saxony itself lost its statehood in 1952 when it was part of East Germany. Dresden became again the capital of Saxony in 1990 following <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">reunification</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCckeburg" title="Bückeburg">Bückeburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Schaumburg-Lippe" title="Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe">Schaumburg-Lippe, Principality of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1643 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Schaumburg-Lippe became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Bückeburg remained the capital of the German <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Schaumburg-Lippe" title="Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe">Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe</a> until 1946 when it became part of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>1807 </td> <td>1813 </td> <td>dissolved in 1813 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1300">c. 1300 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>Württemberg became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Stuttgart remained the capital of the German state of Württemberg until 1945 when it became the capital of newly established state of <a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg-Baden" title="Württemberg-Baden">Württemberg-Baden</a>, and then became capital of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Old Swiss Confederacy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td>1415 </td> <td>1530 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tagsatzung" title="Tagsatzung">Vorort</a></i> of the Swiss diet, <a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Switzerland" title="Reformation in Switzerland">after 1530</a> partially replaced by <a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aarau" title="Aarau">Aarau</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helvetic_Republic" title="Helvetic Republic">Helvetic Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td>1798 </td> <td>1798 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helvetic_Republic" title="Helvetic Republic">Helvetic Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td>1798 </td> <td>1803 </td> <td>Helvetic Republic abolished </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="North_America">North America</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the historical capitals of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Vermont_Republic" title="Vermont Republic">Vermont Republic</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Hawaii">Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Hawaii" title="Republic of Hawaii">Republic of Hawaii</a>, as well as various unrecognised nations and various recognised nations (kingdoms, empires, duchies, etc.) within the present United States, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States#Former_national_capitals" title="List of capitals in the United States">List of capitals in the United States § Former national capitals</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the many capitals of the former <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province of Canada</a>, see that article.</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country, empire </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Holetown" title="Holetown">James Town</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> </td> <td>1625 </td> <td>1628 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bridgetown" title="Bridgetown">Bridgetown</a>, purpose-built </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._George,_Bermuda" class="mw-redirect" title="St. George, Bermuda">St. George</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> </td> <td>1612 </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Bermuda" title="Hamilton, Bermuda">Hamilton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belize_City" title="Belize City">Belize City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">British Honduras</a> </td> <td>1638 </td> <td>1970 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Belmopan" title="Belmopan">Belmopan</a> because of the devastating effects of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hattie" title="Hurricane Hattie">Hurricane Hattie</a> in 1961 and Belize City earthquake in 1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chan_Santa_Cruz" title="Chan Santa Cruz">Chan Santa Cruz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chan_Santa_Cruz" title="Chan Santa Cruz">Chan Santa Cruz</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1852">c. 1852 </td> <td>1901 </td> <td>became part of <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cartago,_Costa_Rica" title="Cartago, Costa Rica">Cartago</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> </td> <td>1562 </td> <td>1823 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica" title="San José, Costa Rica">San José</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Cuba" title="Santiago de Cuba">Santiago de Cuba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> </td> <td>1522 </td> <td>1589 </td> <td>moved (after 1607 in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_los_Caballeros" title="Santiago de los Caballeros">Santiago de los Caballeros</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td>1863 </td> <td>1865 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Restoration_War" title="Dominican Restoration War">Dominican Restoration War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antigua_Guatemala" title="Antigua Guatemala">Antigua</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> </td> <td>1525 </td> <td>1776 </td> <td>New capital of <a href="/wiki/Guatemala_City" title="Guatemala City">Guatemala City</a> founded after Antigua destroyed three times by major earthquakes. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Town" title="Spanish Town">Spanish Town</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> </td> <td>1534 </td> <td>1872 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaica" title="Kingston, Jamaica">Kingston</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cap-Ha%C3%AFtien" title="Cap-Haïtien">Cap-Français</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a> </td> <td>1711 </td> <td>1804 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Port-au-Prince" title="Port-au-Prince">Port-au-Prince</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quetzaltenango" title="Quetzaltenango">Quetzaltenango</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Altos,_Central_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Altos, Central America">Los Altos</a> </td> <td>1838 </td> <td>1840 </td> <td>country ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Granada,_Nicaragua" title="Granada, Nicaragua">Granada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Nicaragua" title="León, Nicaragua">León</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> </td> <td>1821 </td> <td>1857 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Managua,_Nicaragua" class="mw-redirect" title="Managua, Nicaragua">Managua</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador">St. John's</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Newfoundland" title="Dominion of Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a> </td> <td>1855 </td> <td>1949 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_Act" title="Newfoundland Act">entered confederation</a> within Canada and became the country's <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">10th province</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_Philippines_in_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy of the Philippines in Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Philippine Commonwealth</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1942">May 1942 </td> <td data-sort-value="1944">October 1944 </td> <td>returned to the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> subsequent to the end of the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Philippines" title="Japanese occupation of the Philippines">Japanese occupation of the Philippines</a> in World War II </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Road_Town" title="Old Road Town">Old Road Town</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts" title="Saint Kitts">Saint Kitts</a> </td> <td>1623 </td> <td>1727 </td> <td>capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Basseterre" title="Basseterre">Basseterre</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>San Jose de Oruña (<a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph,_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Saint Joseph, Trinidad and Tobago">Saint Joseph</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago#British_period" title="History of Trinidad and Tobago">British Trinidad</a> </td> <td>1592 </td> <td>1783 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Spain" title="Port of Spain">Port of Spain</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caparra,_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Caparra, Puerto Rico">Caparra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> </td> <td>1508 </td> <td>1521 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Spain" title="Port of Spain">Port of Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chaguaramas,_Trinidad" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaguaramas, Trinidad">Chaguaramas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation</a> </td> <td>1958 </td> <td>1962 </td> <td>country ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Republic of Yucatán">Republic of Yucatán</a> </td> <td>1840 </td> <td>1847 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a> annexed by <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Comayagua,_Comayagua" class="mw-redirect" title="Comayagua, Comayagua">Comayagua, Comayagua</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Honduras">Republic of Honduras</a> </td> <td>1540 </td> <td>1937 </td> <td>Tiburcio Carias Andino changed the capital because of its proximity to the San Juancito mines </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s,_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda">St. John's</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Leeward_Islands" title="British Leeward Islands">British Leeward Islands</a> </td> <td>1671 and 1833 </td> <td>1816 and 1958 </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oceania">Oceania</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Oceania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td>Australia </td> <td><span class="nowrap">1901–1908</span> </td> <td>1927 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> was the <i>de facto</i> seat of <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Australia">Government</a> from 1901 until 1927, when in 1908, it was decided that the <a href="/wiki/Planned_community" title="Planned community">planned city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> be the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital city</a> and seat of Government.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Levuka" title="Levuka">Levuka</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Fiji" title="Colony of Fiji">Colony of Fiji</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> </td> <td>1874 </td> <td>1877 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Suva" title="Suva">Suva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jabor, <a href="/wiki/Jaluit_Atoll" title="Jaluit Atoll">Jaluit Atoll</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_the_Trust_Territory_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="Districts of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands">Marshall Islands District</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Marshall_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a> </td> <td>1885 </td> <td>1978 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Majuro_Atoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Majuro Atoll">Majuro Atoll</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolonia" title="Kolonia">Kolonia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a> </td> <td>1986 </td> <td>1989 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Palikir" title="Palikir">Palikir</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okiato" title="Okiato">Okiato</a> (Russell) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">Colony of New Zealand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td>1840 </td> <td>1841 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>. Several Māori chiefs offered land at Tāmaki-makau-rau (Auckland) so a capital could be established there.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">Colony of New Zealand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td>1841 </td> <td>1865 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a>. In 1863 it was proposed that the capital be moved somewhere on the shores of <a href="/wiki/Cook_Strait" title="Cook Strait">Cook Strait</a>. An independent tribunal decided on the location. They visited a number of sites and chose Wellington.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Koror_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Koror City">Koror</a> </td> <td>Palau </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a> </td> <td>1994 </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Ngerulmud" title="Ngerulmud">Ngerulmud</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tulagi" title="Tulagi">Tulagi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Solomon_Islands" title="British Solomon Islands">British Solomon Islands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> </td> <td>1896 </td> <td>1942 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Honiara" title="Honiara">Honiara</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> is sometimes said to have been the inaugural capital of Australia, from 1901 until 1927, when <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Parliament House, Canberra">Parliament House, Canberra</a> was opened. This is not so. Section 125 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Australia" title="Constitution of Australia">Constitution of Australia</a> states that the seat of government is to be within the state of <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a> but not less than 100 miles (160 kilometres) from <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, and that until that place (<a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>) was built, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliament of Australia</a> would meet at Melbourne. That made Melbourne the <i>de facto</i> (but not <i>de jure</i>) seat of government 1901–1927, but it did not amount to Melbourne being declared the capital, and it was never so described in contemporary documents.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="South_America">South America</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old capital city </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Today a part of </th> <th data-sort-type="number">From </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Until </th> <th>Change, reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">Cuzco</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Inca Empire</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="1200">fl. 13th century </td> <td>1534 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Inca_Empire" title="Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire">Inca Empire conquered and taken over by the Spanish</a>, who designated <a href="/wiki/Jauja" title="Jauja">Jauja</a> as their administration site </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_de_Coro" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Ana de Coro">Coro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Venezuela" title="Captaincy General of Venezuela">Venezuela, Captaincy General of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1527 </td> <td>1578 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a> to prevent an invasion due to its large coastline. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cidade do Acre (<a href="/wiki/Porto_Acre" title="Porto Acre">Porto Acre</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Acre" title="Republic of Acre">Acre, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1899 </td> <td>1900 </td> <td>returned to <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, then incorporated into Brazil </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jauja" title="Jauja">Jauja</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Castile_Governorate" class="mw-redirect" title="New Castile Governorate">New Castile Governorate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td>1534 </td> <td>1535 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a> along the coastline in 1535 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perquenco" title="Perquenco">Perquenco</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Araucan%C3%ADa_and_Patagonia" title="Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia">Araucanía and Patagonia, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td>1860 </td> <td>1862 </td> <td>incorporated to <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paran%C3%A1,_Entre_R%C3%ADos" title="Paraná, Entre Ríos">Paraná</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Confederation" title="Argentine Confederation">Argentine Confederation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>1853 </td> <td>1861 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, after the secessionist <i><a href="/wiki/State_of_Buenos_Aires" title="State of Buenos Aires">State of Buenos Aires</a></i> rejoined <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Salvador,_Bahia" title="Salvador, Bahia">Salvador da Bahia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Brazil" title="Colonial Brazil">Colonial Brazil</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1549 </td> <td>1763 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal, Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1808 </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>became capital of Portugal when the Portuguese king <a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">John VI</a> moved to the colony of Brazil during the war with <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleonic France">Napoleonic France</a> in 1808. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil_and_the_Algarves" title="United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves">Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves; Kingdom of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1825 </td> <td>It came into being when the colony of Brazil was elevated to the rank of a Kingdom, and the Kingdoms of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve were united as a single State by the title of <i>The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve</i> by a Law issued on 16 December 1815. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1763 </td> <td>1960 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Chile" title="Concepción, Chile">Concepción</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Chile" title="Captaincy General of Chile">Chile, Captaincy General of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td>1565 </td> <td>1575 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago, Chile">Santiago</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n_del_Uruguay" title="Concepción del Uruguay">Concepción del Uruguay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Entre_R%C3%ADos" title="Republic of Entre Ríos">Entre Ríos, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>1820 </td> <td>1821 </td> <td>country dissolved (and incorporated to <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>) after the death of <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ram%C3%ADrez_(governor)" title="Francisco Ramírez (governor)">Francisco Ramírez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laguna,_Santa_Catarina" title="Laguna, Santa Catarina">Laguna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Juliana_Republic" title="Juliana Republic">Juliana Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1836 </td> <td>1836 </td> <td>reincorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Empire">Brazilian Empire</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Ragamuffin_War" title="Ragamuffin War">Ragamuffin War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purification_Camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purification Camp (page does not exist)">Purificación</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campamento_de_Purificaci%C3%B3n" class="extiw" title="es:Campamento de Purificación">es</a>]</span> (near <a href="/wiki/Paysand%C3%BA" title="Paysandú">Paysandú</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liga_Federal" class="mw-redirect" title="Liga Federal">Liga Federal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1820 </td> <td>country dissolved </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Tucum%C3%A1n" title="San Miguel de Tucumán">San Miguel de Tucumán</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Tucum%C3%A1n" title="Republic of Tucumán">Tucumán, Republic of</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>1820 </td> <td>1821 </td> <td>country dissolved and incorporated to <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tacna" title="Tacna">Tacna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Bolivian_Confederation" title="Peru–Bolivian Confederation">Peru–Bolivian Confederation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td>1837 </td> <td>1839 </td> <td>country ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Piratini" title="Piratini">Piratini</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riograndense_Republic" title="Riograndense Republic">Riograndense Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> </td> <td>1836 </td> <td>1845 </td> <td>reincorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Empire">Brazilian Empire</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Ragamuffin_War" title="Ragamuffin War">Ragamuffin War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pasto_(Colombia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasto (Colombia)">Pasto</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grenadine_Confederation" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenadine Confederation">Grenadine Confederation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td> <td>1862 </td> <td>1862 </td> <td>country ceased to exist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunja" title="Tunja">Tunja</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_of_New_Granada" title="United Provinces of New Granada">United Provinces of New Granada</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td> <td>1811 </td> <td>1814 </td> <td>moved to <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2010</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_sovereign_states" title="List of former sovereign states">List of former sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_date_of_formation" title="List of sovereign states by date of formation">List of sovereign states by date of formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_capitals_of_China" title="Historical capitals of China">Historical capitals of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Former_capitals_of_Chinese_provinces" title="Former capitals of Chinese provinces">Former capitals of Chinese provinces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_capitals_of_Egypt" title="List of historical capitals of Egypt">List of historical capitals of Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_of_France" title="List of capitals of France">List of capitals of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Germany" title="Capital of Germany">Capital of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_of_India" title="List of capitals of India">List of capitals of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_of_Myanmar" title="List of capitals of Myanmar">List of capitals of Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_capitals_of_Norway" title="List of historical capitals of Norway">List of historical capitals of Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">List of capitals in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_territorial_capitols_in_the_United_States" title="List of state and territorial capitols in the United States">List of state and territorial capitols in the United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_former_national_capitals&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNick_Eberstadt1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Eberstadt" title="Nicholas Eberstadt">Nick Eberstadt</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ppHmY0xLXHkC&pg=PA26"><i>The End of North Korea</i></a>. Washington: American Enterprise Institute. pp. 26, 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8447-4087-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8447-4087-4"><bdi>978-0-8447-4087-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+End+of+North+Korea&rft.place=Washington&rft.pages=26%2C+32&rft.pub=American+Enterprise+Institute&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8447-4087-4&rft.au=Nick+Eberstadt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DppHmY0xLXHkC%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hFIdAQAAMAAJ"><i>Pakistan Affairs</i></a>. Information Division, Embassy of Pakistan. 1968. p. 19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pakistan+Affairs&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Information+Division%2C+Embassy+of+Pakistan.&rft.date=1968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhFIdAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/op-ed/genesis-bangladeshs-constitution-1209718">"Genesis of Bangladesh's Constitution"</a>. <i>The Daily Star</i>. 17 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Genesis+of+Bangladesh%27s+Constitution&rft.date=2016-04-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fop-ed%2Fgenesis-bangladeshs-constitution-1209718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716082413/http://www.armtown.com/news/am/yer/20060427/23325/">"Լեռնահայաստանի 85-ամյակը նշեցին միայն Սյունիքի մարզկերտում"</a> (in Armenian). Armtown.com. 27 April 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armtown.com/news/am/yer/20060427/23325/">the original</a> on 16 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB+85-%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A8+%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A5%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6+%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6+%D5%8D%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB+%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A6%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4&rft.pub=Armtown.com&rft.date=2006-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.armtown.com%2Fnews%2Fam%2Fyer%2F20060427%2F23325%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nowahistoria.interia.pl/drogi-do-wolnosci/news-torun-stolica-polski-przez-trzy-tygodnie,nId,2946535">"Toruń stolicą Polski? Przez trzy tygodnie"</a>. <i>Interia Nowa Historia</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interia+Nowa+Historia&rft.atitle=Toru%C5%84+stolic%C4%85+Polski%3F+Przez+trzy+tygodnie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnowahistoria.interia.pl%2Fdrogi-do-wolnosci%2Fnews-torun-stolica-polski-przez-trzy-tygodnie%2CnId%2C2946535&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://day.kyiv.ua/ru/article/istoriya-i-ya/granicy-razdeleniya-3">"Границы разделения-3"</a> (in Ukrainian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fday.kyiv.ua%2Fru%2Farticle%2Fistoriya-i-ya%2Fgranicy-razdeleniya-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vorort</i> in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D10077.php"><span title="Vorort in German">German</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F10077.php"><span title="Vorort in French">French</span></a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I10077.php"><span title="Vorort in Italian">Italian</span></a> in the online <i><a href="/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nca.gov.au/canberra-seat-government#:~:text=Since%201913%20Canberra%20has%20actively,known%20as%20Old%20Parliament%20House.">"Canberra, the Seat of Government"</a>. <i>nca.gov.au</i>. National Capital Authority. 25 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nca.gov.au&rft.atitle=Canberra%2C+the+Seat+of+Government&rft.date=2016-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nca.gov.au%2Fcanberra-seat-government%23%3A~%3Atext%3DSince%25201913%2520Canberra%2520has%2520actively%2Cknown%2520as%2520Old%2520Parliament%2520House.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article Chapter VII, Section 125 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Australia" title="Constitution of Australia">Constitution of Australia</a> (19 July 1900; 1 January 1901)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/capital-city">"Capital city"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capital+city&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teara.govt.nz%2Fen%2Fcapital-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/capital-city">"Capital city"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capital+city&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teara.govt.nz%2Fen%2Fcapital-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+former+national+capitals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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