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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_manipulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Energy manipulation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_manipulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_esoteric_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_esoteric_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In esoteric traditions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_esoteric_traditions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In esoteric traditions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_esoteric_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hermetic_Qabalah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hermetic_Qabalah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Hermetic Qabalah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hermetic_Qabalah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alchemy_and_thaumaturgy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alchemy_and_thaumaturgy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Alchemy and thaumaturgy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alchemy_and_thaumaturgy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_esoteric_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_esoteric_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Other esoteric systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_esoteric_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Misconceptions_and_modern_interpretations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Misconceptions_and_modern_interpretations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Misconceptions and modern interpretations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Misconceptions_and_modern_interpretations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Misconceptions and modern interpretations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Misconceptions_and_modern_interpretations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Distinction_from_theurgy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distinction_from_theurgy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Distinction from theurgy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distinction_from_theurgy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_misunderstandings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_misunderstandings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Modern misunderstandings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_misunderstandings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaumaturgie" title="Thaumaturgie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thaumaturgie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgia" title="Taumaturgia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Taumaturgia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaumaturgie" title="Thaumaturgie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thaumaturgie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgio" title="Taumaturgio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Taumaturgio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgi" title="Taumaturgi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taumaturgi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgia" title="Taumaturgia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Taumaturgia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgia" title="Taumaturgia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Taumaturgia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgia" title="Taumaturgia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Taumaturgia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taumaturgie" title="Taumaturgie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Taumaturgie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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For persons with the epithet "the Wonderworker", see <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_known_as_the_Wonderworker" title="List of people known as the Wonderworker">List of people known as the Wonderworker</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #efefef">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Magic_(supernatural)" title="Category:Magic (supernatural)">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #efefef;font-size:170%;"><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="background:#ffffff"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg/110px-Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg/165px-Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg/220px-Heptameron_magic_circle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#ccccff;padding:0;color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Background</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_magic" title="History of magic">History of magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_and_religion" title="Magic and religion">Magic and religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_theories_of_magic" title="Psychological theories of magic">Psychological theories of magic</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#ccccff;padding:0;color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Forms</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_magic" title="Black magic">Black magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_magic" title="Chaos magic">Chaos magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divination" title="Divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evocation" title="Evocation">Evocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_magic" title="Gray magic">Gray magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">Invocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_magic" title="Natural magic">Natural magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">Shamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigil" title="Sigil">Sigils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sympathetic_magic" title="Sympathetic magic">Sympathetic magic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thaumaturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">Theurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_magic" title="White magic">White magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">Witchcraft</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#ccccff;padding:0;color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Religion</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magic_and_religion" title="Magic and religion">Magic and religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_magic" title="Christian views on magic">Christian views on magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_magic" title="Islam and magic">Islam and magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#ccccff;padding:0;color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incantation" title="Incantation">Incantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_formula" title="Magical formula">Magical formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_organization" title="Magical organization">Magical organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Western esotericism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Magic_sidebar" title="Template:Magic sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Magic_sidebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Magic sidebar (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Magic_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Magic sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Thaumaturgy</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɜːr/: 'ur' in 'fur'">ɜːr</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3e\/En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg\/En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg/En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg" title="File:En-us-thaumaturgy.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>), derived from the Greek words <i>thauma</i> (wonder) and <i>ergon</i> (work), refers to the practical application of <a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">magic</a> to effect change in the physical world. Historically, thaumaturgy has been associated with the manipulation of natural forces, the creation of wonders, and the performance of magical feats through esoteric knowledge and ritual practice. Unlike <a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">theurgy</a>, which focuses on invoking divine powers, thaumaturgy is more concerned with utilizing <a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">occult</a> principles to achieve specific outcomes, often in a tangible and observable manner. It is sometimes translated into English as <b>wonderworking</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper2001_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper2001-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This concept has evolved from its ancient roots in magical traditions to its incorporation into modern <a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Western esotericism</a>. Thaumaturgy has been practiced by individuals seeking to exert influence over the material world through both subtle and overt magical means. It has played a significant role in the development of magical systems, particularly those that emphasize the practical aspects of esoteric work. </p><p>In modern times, thaumaturgy continues to be a subject of interest within the broader field of occultism, where it is studied and practiced as part of a larger system of magical knowledge. Its principles are often applied in conjunction with other forms of esoteric practice, such as <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a>, to achieve a deeper understanding and mastery of the forces that govern the natural and supernatural worlds. </p><p>A practitioner of thaumaturgy is a "thaumaturge", "thaumaturgist", "thaumaturgus", "miracle worker", or "wonderworker".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>thaumaturgy</i> derives from <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">θαῦμα</span></span> <i>thaûma</i>, meaning "miracle" or "marvel" (final <i>t</i> from genitive <i>thaûma<b>t</b>os</i>) and <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">ἔργον</span></span> <i>érgon</i>, meaning "work".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper2001_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper2001-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 16th century, the word <i>thaumaturgy</i> entered the English language meaning miraculous or magical powers. The word was first anglicized and used in the magical sense in <a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a>'s book <i>The Mathematicall Praeface to Elements of Geometrie of Euclid of Megara</i> (1570). He mentions an "art mathematical" called "thaumaturgy... which giveth certain order to make strange works, of the sense to be perceived and of men greatly to be wondered at".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDee2020_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDee2020-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_development">Historical development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_roots">Ancient roots</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient roots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of thaumaturgy can be traced back to ancient civilizations where magical practices were integral to both religious rituals and daily life. In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>, priests were often regarded as thaumaturges, wielding their knowledge of rituals and incantations to influence natural and supernatural forces. These practices were aimed at protecting the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a>, ensuring a successful harvest, or even controlling the weather.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKieckhefer2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieckhefer2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a>, certain figures were believed to possess the ability to perform miraculous feats, often attributed to their deep understanding of the mysteries of the gods and nature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This blending of religious and magical practices laid the groundwork for what would later be recognized as thaumaturgy in Western esotericism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Greek writings, the term <i>thaumaturge</i> also referred to several <a href="/wiki/Saint#Christianity" title="Saint">Christian saints</a>. In this context, the word is usually translated into English as 'wonderworker'. Notable <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">early Christian</a> thaumaturges include <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Thaumaturgus" title="Gregory Thaumaturgus">Gregory Thaumaturgus</a> (c. 213–270), <a href="/wiki/Saint_Menas" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Menas">Saint Menas</a> of Egypt (285–c. 309), <a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Saint Nicholas</a> (270–343), and <a href="/wiki/Philomena" title="Philomena">Philomena</a> (<abbr title="floruit ('flourished' – known to have been active at a particular time or during a particular period)">fl.</abbr> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 300 (?)).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_and_Renaissance_Europe">Medieval and Renaissance Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Medieval and Renaissance Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the medieval period, thaumaturgy evolved within the context of <a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">Christian mysticism</a> and early scientific thought. The medieval understanding of thaumaturgy was closely linked to the idea of miracles, with saints and holy men often credited with thaumaturgic powers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalker2000_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seventeenth-century Irish Franciscan editor <a href="/wiki/John_Colgan" title="John Colgan">John Colgan</a> called the three early Irish saints, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick" title="Saint Patrick">Patrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brigid_of_Kildare" title="Brigid of Kildare">Brigid</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Columba" title="Columba">Columba</a>, thaumaturges in his <i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Triadis_Thaumaturgae" title="Acta Triadis Thaumaturgae">Acta Triadis Thaumaturgae</a></i> (Louvain, 1647). Later notable medieval Christian thaumaturges include <a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Padua" title="Anthony of Padua">Anthony of Padua</a> (1195–1231) and the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Fiesole" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Fiesole">bishop of Fiesole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Corsini" title="Andrew Corsini">Andrew Corsini</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites">Carmelites</a> (1302–1373), who was called a thaumaturge during his lifetime.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This period also saw the development of <a href="/wiki/Grimoire" title="Grimoire">grimoires</a>—manuals for magical practices—where rituals and spells were documented, often blending Christian and pagan traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutton1999_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutton1999-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, the concept of thaumaturgy expanded as scholars like <a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a> explored the intersections between magic, science, and religion. Dee's <i>Mathematicall Praeface to Elements of Geometrie of Euclid of Megara</i> (1570) is one of the earliest English texts to discuss thaumaturgy, describing it as the art of creating "strange works" through a combination of natural and mathematical principles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDee2020Greer2003_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDee2020Greer2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dee's work reflects the Renaissance pursuit of knowledge that blurred the lines between the magical and the mechanical, as thaumaturges were often seen as early scientists who harnessed the hidden powers of nature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Dee's time, "the Mathematicks" referred not merely to the abstract computations associated with the term today, but to physical mechanical devices which employed mathematical principles in their design. These devices, operated by means of compressed air, springs, strings, pulleys or levers, were seen by unsophisticated people (who did not understand their working principles) as magical devices which could only have been made with the aid of demons and devils.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By building such mechanical devices, Dee earned a reputation as a conjurer "dreaded" by neighborhood children.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He complained of this assessment in his <i>Mathematicall Praeface</i>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>And for these, and such like marvellous Actes and Feates, Naturally, and Mechanically, wrought and contrived: ought any honest Student and Modest Christian Philosopher, be counted, & called a Conjurer? Shall the folly of Idiotes, and the Malice of the Scornfull, so much prevaille ... Shall that man, be (in hugger mugger) condemned, as a Companion of the hellhoundes, and a Caller, and Conjurer of wicked and damned Spirites?<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <p>Notable Renaissance and <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a> Christian thaumaturges of the period include <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Majella" title="Gerard Majella">Gerard Majella</a> (1726–1755), <a href="/wiki/Ambrose_of_Optina" title="Ambrose of Optina">Ambrose of Optina</a> (1812–1891), and <a href="/wiki/John_of_Kronstadt" title="John of Kronstadt">John of Kronstadt</a> (1829–1908).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incorporation_into_modern_esotericism">Incorporation into modern esotericism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Incorporation into modern esotericism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The transition into modern esotericism saw thaumaturgy taking on a more structured role within various magical systems, particularly those developed in the 18th and 19th centuries. In <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> and the Western <a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">occult</a> tradition, thaumaturgy was often practiced alongside <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">theurgy</a>, with a focus on manipulating the material world through ritual and symbolic action.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a>, a prominent magical order founded in the late 19th century, incorporated thaumaturgy into its curriculum, emphasizing the importance of both theory and practice in the mastery of magical arts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thaumaturgy's role in modern esotericism also intersects with the rise of <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">ceremonial magic</a>, where it is often employed to achieve specific, practical outcomes—ranging from healing to the <a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">invocation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spirit_(supernatural_entity)" title="Spirit (supernatural entity)">spirits</a>. Contemporary magicians continue to explore and adapt thaumaturgic practices, often drawing from a wide range of historical and cultural sources to create eclectic and personalized systems of magic.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Greer2003_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Greer2003-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Core_principles_and_practices">Core principles and practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Core principles and practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principles_of_sympathy_and_contagion">Principles of sympathy and contagion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Principles of sympathy and contagion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thaumaturgy is often governed by two key magical principles: the <a href="/wiki/Principle_of_Sympathy" class="mw-redirect" title="Principle of Sympathy">Principle of Sympathy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Principle_of_Contagion" class="mw-redirect" title="Principle of Contagion">Principle of Contagion</a>. These principles are foundational in understanding how thaumaturges influence the physical world through magical means. The Principle of Sympathy operates on the idea that "like affects like", meaning that objects or symbols that resemble each other can influence each other. For example, a miniature representation of a desired outcome, such as a model of a bridge, could be used in a ritual to ensure the successful construction of an actual bridge. The Principle of Contagion, on the other hand, is based on the belief that objects that were once in contact continue to influence each other even after they are separated. This principle is often employed in the use of personal items, such as hair or clothing, in rituals to affect the person to whom those items belong.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kieckhefer2021_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kieckhefer2021-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These principles are not unique to thaumaturgy but are integral to many forms of magic across cultures. However, in the context of thaumaturgy, they are particularly important because they provide a theoretical framework for understanding how magical actions can produce tangible results in the material world. This focus on practical outcomes distinguishes thaumaturgy from other forms of magic that may be more concerned with spiritual or symbolic meanings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kieckhefer2021_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kieckhefer2021-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tools_and_rituals">Tools and rituals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Tools and rituals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thaumaturgical practices often involve the use of specific tools and rituals designed to channel and direct magical energy. Common tools include <a href="/wiki/Wand" title="Wand">wands</a>, staffs, <a href="/wiki/Talisman" title="Talisman">talismans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ritual_knives" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritual knives">ritual knives</a>, each of which serves a particular purpose in the practice of magic. For instance, a wand might be used to direct energy during a ritual, while a talisman could serve as a focal point for the thaumaturge's intent. The creation and consecration of these tools are themselves ritualized processes, often requiring specific materials and <a href="/wiki/Astrological_timing" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrological timing">astrological timing</a> to ensure their effectiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rituals in thaumaturgy are typically elaborate and may involve the recitation of <a href="/wiki/Incantation" title="Incantation">incantations</a>, the drawing of <a href="/wiki/Magic_circle" title="Magic circle">protective circles</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">invocation</a> of spirits or <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deities</a>. These rituals are designed to create a controlled environment in which the thaumaturge can manipulate natural forces according to their will. The complexity of these rituals varies depending on the desired outcome, with more significant or ambitious goals requiring more intricate and time-consuming procedures.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy_manipulation">Energy manipulation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Energy manipulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the heart of thaumaturgy is the metaphor of energy manipulation. Thaumaturges believe that the world is filled with various forms of <a href="/wiki/Energy_(esotericism)" title="Energy (esotericism)">energy</a> that can be harnessed and directed through magical practices. This energy is often conceptualized as a natural force that permeates the universe, and through the use of specific techniques, thaumaturges believe that they can influence this energy to bring about desired changes in the physical world.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Energy manipulation in thaumaturgy involves both drawing energy from the surrounding environment and directing it toward a specific goal. This process often requires a deep understanding of the natural world, as well as the ability to focus and control one's own mental and spiritual energies. In many traditions, this energy is also linked to the practitioner's <a href="/wiki/Spirit_(animating_force)" title="Spirit (animating force)">life force</a>, meaning that the act of performing thaumaturgy can be physically and spiritually taxing. As a result, practitioners often undergo rigorous training and preparation to build their capacity to manipulate energy effectively and safely.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Walker2000_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Walker2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_esoteric_traditions">In esoteric traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In esoteric traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hermetic_Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hermetic Qabalah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Qabalah" title="Hermetic Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</a>, thaumaturgy occupies a significant role as it involves the practical application of mystical principles to influence the physical world. This tradition is deeply rooted in the concept of <a href="/wiki/Table_of_magical_correspondences" title="Table of magical correspondences">correspondences</a>, where different elements of the cosmos are seen as interconnected. In the <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermetic tradition</a>, a thaumaturge seeks to manipulate these correspondences to bring about desired changes. The <a href="/wiki/Sephiroth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephiroth">sephiroth</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Tree_of_life_(Kabbalah)" title="Tree of life (Kabbalah)">Tree of Life</a> serve as a map for these interactions, with specific rituals and symbols corresponding to different sephiroth and their associated powers. For example, a ritual focusing on <a href="/wiki/Yesod" title="Yesod">Yesod</a> (the sephirah of the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>) might involve elements such as silver, the color white, and the invocation of lunar deities to influence matters of intuition, dreams, or the subconscious mind.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Knight2001Kaczynski2012_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Knight2001Kaczynski2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The manipulation of these correspondences through ritual is not just symbolic but is believed to produce real effects in the material world. Practitioners use complex rituals that might include the use of <a href="/wiki/Sacred_geometry" title="Sacred geometry">sacred geometry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">invocations</a>, and the creation of <a href="/wiki/Talisman" title="Talisman">talismans</a>. These practices are believed to align the practitioner with the forces they wish to control, creating a sympathetic connection that enables them to direct these forces effectively.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Knight2001Kaczynski2012_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Knight2001Kaczynski2012-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Magick_(Book_4)" title="Magick (Book 4)">Magick (Book 4)</a></i> provides an extensive discussion on the use of ritual tools such as the wand, cup, and sword, each of which corresponds to different elements and powers within the Qabalistic system, emphasizing the practical aspect of these tools in thaumaturgic practices.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alchemy_and_thaumaturgy">Alchemy and thaumaturgy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Alchemy and thaumaturgy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">Alchemy</a> and thaumaturgy are often intertwined, particularly in the context of spiritual transformation and the pursuit of <a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Buddhism" title="Enlightenment in Buddhism">enlightenment</a>. Alchemy, with its focus on the transmutation of <a href="/wiki/Base_metal" title="Base metal">base metals</a> into gold and the quest for the <a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">philosopher's stone</a>, can be seen as a form of thaumaturgy where the practitioner seeks to transform not just physical substances but also the self. This process, known as the <a href="/wiki/Great_Work_(alchemy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Work (alchemy)">Great Work</a>, involves the purification and refinement of both matter and spirit. Thaumaturgy comes into play as the practical aspect of alchemy, where rituals, symbols, and substances are used to facilitate these transformations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The alchemical process is heavily laden with symbolic meanings, with each stage representing a different phase of transformation. The stages of <i><a href="/wiki/Nigredo" title="Nigredo">nigredo</a></i> (blackening), <i><a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">albedo</a></i> (whitening), <i><a href="/wiki/Citrinitas" title="Citrinitas">citrinitas</a></i> (yellowing), and <i><a href="/wiki/Rubedo" title="Rubedo">rubedo</a></i> (reddening) correspond not only to physical changes in the material being worked on but also to stages of spiritual purification and enlightenment. Thaumaturgy, in this context, is the application of these principles to achieve tangible results, whether in the form of creating alchemical <a href="/wiki/Elixir" title="Elixir">elixirs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talisman" title="Talisman">talismans</a>, or achieving spiritual goals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crowley also elaborates on these alchemical principles in <i><a href="/wiki/Magick_(Book_4)" title="Magick (Book 4)">Magick (Book 4)</a></i>, particularly in his discussions on the symbolic and practical uses of alchemical symbols and processes within magical rituals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_esoteric_systems">Other esoteric systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other esoteric systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thaumaturgy also plays a role in various other esoteric systems, where it is often viewed as a means of bridging the gap between the mundane and the divine. In <a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a>, for example, thaumaturgy is seen as part of the esoteric knowledge that allows practitioners to manipulate spiritual and material forces. Theosophical teachings emphasize the unity of all life and the interconnection of the cosmos, with thaumaturgy being a practical tool for engaging with these truths. Rituals and meditative practices are used to align the practitioner's will with higher spiritual forces, enabling them to effect change in the physical world.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Rosicrucianism" title="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucianism</a>, thaumaturgy is similarly regarded as a method of spiritual practice that leads to the mastery of natural and spiritual laws. Rosicrucians believe that through the study of nature and the application of esoteric principles, one can achieve a deep understanding of the cosmos and develop the ability to influence it. This includes the use of rituals, symbols, and sacred texts to bring about spiritual growth and material success.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the introduction of his translation of the "Spiritual Powers (神通 <i>Jinzū</i>)" chapter of <a href="/wiki/D%C5%8Dgen" title="Dōgen">Dōgen</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Db%C5%8Dgenz%C5%8D" title="Shōbōgenzō">Shōbōgenzō</a></i>, Carl Bielefeldt refers to the powers developed by adepts of <a href="/wiki/Esoteric_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Esoteric Buddhism">Esoteric Buddhism</a> as belonging to the "thaumaturgical tradition".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBielefeldt2004_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBielefeldt2004-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These powers, known as <a href="/wiki/Siddhi" title="Siddhi">siddhi</a> or <a href="/wiki/Abhij%C3%B1%C4%81" title="Abhijñā">abhijñā</a>, were ascribed to the Buddha and subsequent disciples. Legendary monks like <a href="/wiki/Bodhidharma" title="Bodhidharma">Bodhidharma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upagupta" title="Upagupta">Upagupta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Padmasambhava" title="Padmasambhava">Padmasambhava</a>, and others were depicted in popular legends and hagiographical accounts as wielding various supernatural powers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Misconceptions_and_modern_interpretations">Misconceptions and modern interpretations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Misconceptions and modern interpretations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distinction_from_theurgy">Distinction from theurgy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Distinction from theurgy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A common misconception about thaumaturgy is its conflation with <a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">theurgy</a>. While both involve the practice of <a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">magic</a>, they serve distinct purposes and operate on different principles. Theurgy is primarily concerned with invoking divine or spiritual beings to achieve union with the divine, often for purposes of spiritual ascent or <a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Buddhism" title="Enlightenment in Buddhism">enlightenment</a>. Thaumaturgy, on the other hand, focuses on the manipulation of natural forces to produce tangible effects in the physical world. This distinction is crucial in understanding the differing objectives of these practices: theurgy is inherently religious and mystical, while thaumaturgy is more pragmatic and results-oriented.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kieckhefer2021_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kieckhefer2021-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aleister Crowley, in his <i><a href="/wiki/Magick_(Book_4)" title="Magick (Book 4)">Magick (Book 4)</a></i>, emphasizes the importance of understanding these differences, noting that while theurgic practices seek to align the practitioner with divine will, thaumaturgy allows the practitioner to exert their will over the material world through the application of esoteric knowledge and ritual.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_misunderstandings">Modern misunderstandings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Modern misunderstandings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In modern times, thaumaturgy is often misunderstood, particularly in popular culture where it is sometimes depicted as synonymous with fantasy magic or "miracle-working" in a religious sense. These portrayals can dilute the rich historical and esoteric significance of thaumaturgy, reducing it to a mere trope of magical fiction. For instance, the term is frequently used in fantasy literature and role-playing games to describe a generic form of magic, without consideration for its historical roots or the complex practices associated with it in esoteric traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This modern misunderstanding is partly due to the broadening of the term "thaumaturgy" in contemporary discourse, where it is often detached from its original context and used more loosely. As a result, the nuanced distinctions between different types of magic, such as thaumaturgy and theurgy, are often overlooked, leading to a homogenized view of magical practices.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>thaumaturgy</i> is used in various games as a synonym for <a href="/wiki/Magic_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic (paranormal)">magic</a>, a particular sub-school (often mechanical) of magic, or as the "science" of magic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Thaumaturgy is defined as the "science" or "physics" of magic by <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bonewits" title="Isaac Bonewits">Isaac Bonewits</a> in his 1971 book <i>Real Magic</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonewits1989_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBonewits1989-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a definition he also used in creating an RPG reference called <i><a href="/wiki/Authentic_Thaumaturgy" title="Authentic Thaumaturgy">Authentic Thaumaturgy</a></i> (1978, 1998, 2005).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Behenian_fixed_star" title="Behenian fixed star">Behenian fixed star</a> – Application in medieval astrology</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bornless_Ritual" title="Bornless Ritual">Bornless Ritual</a> – Ritual of Western ceremonial magic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contagion_heuristic" title="Contagion heuristic">Contagion heuristic</a> – Perceived transfer of negative qualities through contact</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_(theology)" title="Correspondence (theology)">Correspondence</a> – Theological term for the relationship between two levels of existence</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetia</a> – Magical practice involving evocation of spirits</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_thinking" title="Magical thinking">Magical thinking</a> – Belief in the connection of unrelated events</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_magic" title="Natural magic">Natural magic</a> – Natural science during the Renaissance</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Practical_kabbalah" class="mw-redirect" title="Practical kabbalah">Practical kabbalah</a> – Branch of the Jewish mystical tradition that concerns the use of magic<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigil" title="Sigil">Sigil</a> – Magical symbol; for example, the sigils of the Behenian fixed stars</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a> – New religious movement founded by Aleister Crowley</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarper2001-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper2001_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarper2001_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarper2001">Harper (2001)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDee2020-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDee2020_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDee2020">Dee (2020)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieckhefer2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKieckhefer2021_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKieckhefer2021">Kieckhefer (2021)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2000-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalker2000_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalker2000">Walker (2000)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutton1999-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutton1999_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHutton1999">Hutton (1999)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDee2020Greer2003-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDee2020Greer2003_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDee2020">Dee (2020)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutton1999Greer2003_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHutton1999">Hutton (1999)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZetterberg1980_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZetterberg1980">Zetterberg (1980)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGodwin1994">Godwin (1994)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Greer2003-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Greer2003_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGodwin1994">Godwin (1994)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kieckhefer2021-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kieckhefer2021_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKieckhefer2021">Kieckhefer (2021)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kieckhefer2021-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kieckhefer2021_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGodwin1994">Godwin (1994)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKieckhefer2021">Kieckhefer (2021)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer2003Kaczynski2012_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Kaczynski2012_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGodwin1994">Godwin (1994)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalker2000Greer2003_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalker2000">Walker (2000)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFGreer2003">Greer (2003)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Walker2000-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Walker2000_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGodwin1994">Godwin (1994)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFWalker2000">Walker (2000)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Knight2001Kaczynski2012-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGodwin1994Knight2001Kaczynski2012_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGodwin1994">Godwin (1994)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKnight2001">Knight (2001)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Knight2001Kaczynski2012-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Knight2001Kaczynski2012_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrowley1997">Crowley (1997)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKnight2001">Knight (2001)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kaczynski2012_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrowley1997">Crowley (1997)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBielefeldt2004-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBielefeldt2004_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBielefeldt2004">Bielefeldt (2004)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSnelling1987">Snelling (1987)</a>; Powell, William, "Martial Arts" in <a href="#CITEREFBuswell2004">Buswell (2004)</a>, pp. 214–18; Strong, John, "Upagupta" in <a href="#CITEREFBuswell2004">Buswell (2004)</a>, p. 870.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kieckhefer2021-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997Kieckhefer2021_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrowley1997">Crowley (1997)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKieckhefer2021">Kieckhefer (2021)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1997-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1997_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrowley1997">Crowley (1997)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBonewits1989-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonewits1989_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBonewits1989">Bonewits (1989)</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBielefeldt2004" class="citation web cs1">Bielefeldt, Carl (tr.) (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161228195243/https://web.stanford.edu/group/scbs/sztp3/translations/shobogenzo/translations/jinzu/pdf/jinzu_introduction.pdf">"Treasury of the Eye of the True Dharma: Book 35, Spiritual Powers"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Soto Zen Text Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.stanford.edu/group/scbs/sztp3/translations/shobogenzo/translations/jinzu/pdf/jinzu_introduction.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-12-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Treasury+of+the+Eye+of+the+True+Dharma%3A+Book+35%2C+Spiritual+Powers&rft.pub=Soto+Zen+Text+Project&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Bielefeldt&rft.aufirst=Carl+%28tr.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.stanford.edu%2Fgroup%2Fscbs%2Fsztp3%2Ftranslations%2Fshobogenzo%2Ftranslations%2Fjinzu%2Fpdf%2Fjinzu_introduction.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonewits1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bonewits" title="Isaac Bonewits">Bonewits, Isaac</a> (1989) [1971]. <i>Real Magic</i>. Red Wheel Weiser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87728-688-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87728-688-2"><bdi>978-0-87728-688-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Real+Magic&rft.pub=Red+Wheel+Weiser&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-87728-688-2&rft.aulast=Bonewits&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuswell2004" class="citation book cs1">Buswell, Robert E., ed. (2004). <i>MacMillan Encyclopedia of Buddhism</i>. Vol. 1. New York: MacMillan Reference USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-865719-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-865719-5"><bdi>0-02-865719-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=MacMillan+Encyclopedia+of+Buddhism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=MacMillan+Reference+USA&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-02-865719-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowley1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Crowley, Aleister</a> (1997). <i>Magick: Liber ABA, Book 4, Parts I-IV</i> (2nd rev. ed.). Boston: Weiser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87728-919-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-87728-919-0"><bdi>0-87728-919-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magick%3A+Liber+ABA%2C+Book+4%2C+Parts+I-IV&rft.place=Boston&rft.edition=2nd+rev.&rft.pub=Weiser&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-87728-919-0&rft.aulast=Crowley&rft.aufirst=Aleister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDee2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">Dee, John</a> (2020) [1570]. <i>The Mathematicall Praeface to Elements of Geometrie of Euclid of Megara</i>. Outlook Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7523-1583-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7523-1583-7"><bdi>978-3-7523-1583-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mathematicall+Praeface+to+Elements+of+Geometrie+of+Euclid+of+Megara&rft.pub=Outlook+Verlag&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-3-7523-1583-7&rft.aulast=Dee&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGodwin1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joscelyn_Godwin" title="Joscelyn Godwin">Godwin, Joscelyn</a> (1994). <i>The Theosophical Enlightenment</i>. State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-0422-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-0422-6"><bdi>978-1-4384-0422-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Theosophical+Enlightenment&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-4384-0422-6&rft.aulast=Godwin&rft.aufirst=Joscelyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreer2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Greer" title="John Michael Greer">Greer, John Michael</a> (2003). <i>The New Encyclopedia of the Occult</i>. Llewellyn Worldwide.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclopedia+of+the+Occult&rft.pub=Llewellyn+Worldwide&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Greer&rft.aufirst=John+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarper2001" class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas (November 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=thaumaturge">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Thaumaturge' etymology"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Thaumaturge%27+etymology&rft.pub=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.date=2001-11&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dthaumaturge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutton1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Hutton" title="Ronald Hutton">Hutton, Ronald</a> (1999). <i>The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-820744-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-820744-3"><bdi>978-0-19-820744-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Triumph+of+the+Moon%3A+A+History+of+Modern+Pagan+Witchcraft&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-820744-3&rft.aulast=Hutton&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaczynski2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kaczynski" title="Richard Kaczynski">Kaczynski, Richard</a> (2012). <i>Perdurabo: The Life of Aleister Crowley</i> (rev. & exp. ed.). <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Books" title="North Atlantic Books">North Atlantic Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58394-576-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58394-576-6"><bdi>978-1-58394-576-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perdurabo%3A+The+Life+of+Aleister+Crowley&rft.edition=rev.+%26+exp.&rft.pub=North+Atlantic+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-58394-576-6&rft.aulast=Kaczynski&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKieckhefer2021" class="citation book cs1">Kieckhefer, Richard (2021). <i>Magic in the Middle Ages</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-86112-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-86112-0"><bdi>978-1-108-86112-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magic+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-108-86112-0&rft.aulast=Kieckhefer&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight2001" class="citation book cs1">Knight, Gareth (2001). <i>A Practical Guide to Qabalistic Symbolism</i>. Weiser Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57863-247-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57863-247-3"><bdi>978-1-57863-247-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Practical+Guide+to+Qabalistic+Symbolism&rft.pub=Weiser+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-57863-247-3&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Gareth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnelling1987" class="citation book cs1">Snelling, John (1987). <i>The Buddhist Handbook: A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching and Practice</i>. London: Century Paperbacks.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Buddhist+Handbook%3A+A+Complete+Guide+to+Buddhist+Teaching+and+Practice&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Century+Paperbacks&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Snelling&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2000" class="citation book cs1">Walker, D. P. (2000). <i>Spiritual and Demonic Magic: From Ficino to Campanella</i>. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-271-02045-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-271-02045-7"><bdi>978-0-271-02045-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spiritual+and+Demonic+Magic%3A+From+Ficino+to+Campanella&rft.place=University+Park&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-271-02045-7&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=D.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZetterberg1980" class="citation journal cs1">Zetterberg, J. Peter (Spring 1980). "The Mistaking of 'the Mathematicks' for Magic in Tudor and Stuart England". <i><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Century_Journal" title="Sixteenth Century Journal">Sixteenth Century Journal</a></i>. <b>II</b> (1).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sixteenth+Century+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Mistaking+of+%27the+Mathematicks%27+for+Magic+in+Tudor+and+Stuart+England&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=II&rft.issue=1&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Zetterberg&rft.aufirst=J.+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThaumaturgy" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thaumaturgy&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/thaumaturgy" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:thaumaturgy"><i>θαύμα</i></a> at Wiktionary </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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title="Christian mysticism">Christian mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locution_(paranormal)" title="Locution (paranormal)">Locution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interior_locution" title="Interior locution">interior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_ecstasy" title="Religious ecstasy">Religious ecstasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_(spirituality)" title="Vision (spirituality)">Vision (spirituality)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visions_of_Jesus_and_Mary" title="Visions of Jesus and Mary">Visions of Jesus and Mary</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stained glass at Tuam Cathedral, depicting Marguerite Marie Alacoque when she receives a revelation of the Sacred Heart"><img alt="Stained glass at Tuam Cathedral, depicting Marguerite Marie Alacoque when she receives a revelation of the Sacred Heart" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg/100px-Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg/150px-Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg/200px-Tuam_Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_Sacred_Heart_Detail_2009_09_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="543" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Miracle#Catholic_Church" title="Miracle">Miracles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Miraculous_events" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Miraculous events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle_of_Lanciano" title="Eucharistic miracle of Lanciano">Miracle of Lanciano</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lourdes_water" title="Lourdes water">Lourdes water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_Sun" title="Miracle of the Sun">Miracle of the Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odour_of_sanctity" title="Odour of sanctity">Odour of sanctity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabor_Light" title="Tabor Light">Tabor Light</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thaumaturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeping_statue" title="Weeping statue">Weeping statue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Extraordinary graces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilocation" title="Bilocation">Bilocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_gift" title="Spiritual gift">Charism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gift_of_miracles" title="Gift of miracles">Gift of miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifts_of_healing" title="Gifts of healing">Gifts of healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaking_in_tongues" title="Speaking in tongues">Glossolalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_tongues" class="mw-redirect" title="Interpretation of tongues">Interpretation of tongues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_Knowledge" title="Word of Knowledge">Word of Knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_wisdom" title="Word of wisdom">Word of wisdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levitation_(paranormal)#Christianity" title="Levitation (paranormal)">Levitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stigmata" title="Stigmata">Stigmata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Discernment_(Christianity)" title="Discernment (Christianity)">Discernment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decree_(Catholic_canon_law)" title="Decree (Catholic canon law)">Documents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Code of canon law</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haurietis_aquas" title="Haurietis aquas">Haurietis aquas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Normae_Congregationis" title="Normae Congregationis">Normae Congregationis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tribus_circiter" title="Tribus circiter">Tribus circiter</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magisterium" title="Magisterium">Magisterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_Faith" title="Rule of Faith">Rule of Faith</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sensus_fidelium" title="Sensus fidelium">Sensus fidei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bride_of_Christ" title="Bride of Christ">Bridal theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystical_theology" title="Mystical theology">Mystical theology</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Popular_piety" title="Popular piety">Popular piety</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_reparation" title="Acts of reparation">Acts of reparation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Thursdays_Devotion" title="First Thursdays Devotion">First Thursdays Devotion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Immaculate Heart of Mary">Immaculate Heart of Mary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturdays Devotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Seven Dolors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pilgrimage" title="Christian pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosary_of_the_Holy_Wounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosary of the Holy Wounds">Rosary of the Holy Wounds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Fridays_Devotion" title="First Fridays Devotion">First Fridays Devotion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Mercy_(Catholic_devotion)" title="Divine Mercy (Catholic devotion)">Divine Mercy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplet_of_the_Divine_Mercy" title="Chaplet of the Divine Mercy">Chaplet of the Divine Mercy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Eucharistic adoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Hour" title="Holy Hour">Holy Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Tears" title="Our Lady of Tears">Our Lady of Tears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Saint Michael</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Saint Michael in the Catholic Church"> in the Catholic Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplet_of_Saint_Michael" title="Chaplet of Saint Michael">Chaplet of Saint Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_to_Saint_Michael" title="Prayer to Saint Michael">Prayer to Saint Michael</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devotional_scapular" class="mw-redirect" title="Devotional scapular">Scapular</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_shrines" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian shrines">Shrines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_church_buildings" title="Catholic Marian church buildings">Marian shrines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe">Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral-Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar" title="Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar">Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Miraculous_Medal" title="Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal">Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_Shrine" title="Knock Shrine">Knock Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Sanctuary of Fátima">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_Champion" title="National Shrine of Our Lady of Champion">Shrine of Our Lady of Champion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Our_Lady_of_Graces_of_Onuva" title="Sanctuary of Our Lady of Graces of Onuva">Sanctuary of Our Lady of Graces of Onuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Hens" title="Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens">Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Virgin_of_the_Rosary_of_Pompei" title="Shrine of the Virgin of the Rosary of Pompei">Shrine of the Virgin of the Rosary of Pompei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Rosary_of_San_Nicol%C3%A1s" title="Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás">Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Sacred_Heart_of_Paray-le-Monial" title="Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Paray-le-Monial">Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Paray-le-Monial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Mercy_Sanctuary,_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Divine Mercy Sanctuary, Kraków">Sanctuary of the Divine Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_the_King_(Almada)" title="Christ the King (Almada)">Sanctuary of Christ the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Sacred_Heart_of_Jesus_(Ermesinde)" title="Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Ermesinde)">Shrine of the Sacred Heart of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Monte_Sant%27Angelo" title="Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo">Sanctuary of Saint Michael the Archangel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fantasy_fiction" style="text-align:center;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fantasy_fiction" title="Template:Fantasy fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fantasy_fiction" title="Template talk:Fantasy fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fantasy_fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fantasy fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fantasy_fiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy fiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_fantasy" title="History of fantasy">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_literature" title="Fantasy literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_fiction" title="Magic in fiction">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_fantasy" title="Early history of fantasy">Sources</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Action-adventure <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lost_world" title="Lost world">Lost world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia‎</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_fantasy" title="Children's fantasy">Children's fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangsian_fantasy" title="Bangsian fantasy">Bangsian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_fantasy" title="Dark fantasy">Dark fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grimdark" title="Grimdark">Grimdark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale_parody" title="Fairy tale parody">Fairy tale parodies</a>‎</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairytale_fantasy" title="Fairytale fantasy">Fairytale fantasy</a>‎</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_of_manners" title="Fantasy of manners">Fantasy of manners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_fantasy" title="Hard fantasy">Hard fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LitRPG" title="LitRPG">LitRPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_fantasy" title="Low fantasy">Low fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythic_fiction" title="Mythic fiction">Mythic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mythpunk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythpunk">Mythpunk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omegaverse" title="Omegaverse">Omegaverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science fantasy</a>‎ <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dying_Earth_(genre)" title="Dying Earth (genre)">Dying Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_romance" title="Planetary romance">Planetary romance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gods_and_demons_fiction" title="Gods and demons fiction">Shenmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_fantasy" title="Urban fantasy">Urban fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective fiction‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal romance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_fiction" title="Weird fiction">Weird fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_weird" title="New weird">New weird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird West</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">West‎ern fantasy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Film</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_television" title="Fantasy television">television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_anime" title="List of fantasy anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fantasy_films" title="Lists of fantasy films">Films</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_fantasy_films" title="List of highest-grossing fantasy films">highest-grossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sword_and_sorcery_films" title="List of sword and sorcery films">S&S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_television_programs" title="List of fantasy television programs">Television programs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_literature" title="Fantasy literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_authors" title="List of fantasy authors">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballantine_Adult_Fantasy_series" title="Ballantine Adult Fantasy series">Ballantine Adult Fantasy series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comics" title="Fantasy comics">Comics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_comics" title="List of fantasy comics">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Fantasy" title="The Encyclopedia of Fantasy">The Encyclopedia of Fantasy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Masterworks" title="Fantasy Masterworks">Fantasy Masterworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_novels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fantasy novels">List of novels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_novels_(A%E2%80%93H)" title="List of fantasy novels (A–H)">A–H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_novels_(I%E2%80%93R)" title="List of fantasy novels (I–R)">I–R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_novels_(S%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of fantasy novels (S–Z)">S–Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_story_collections" title="List of fantasy story collections">List of story collections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_publishers" title="List of science fiction publishers">Publishers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_fiction_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy fiction magazine">Magazines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_(magazine)" title="Fantastic (magazine)">Fantastic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Adventures" title="Fantastic Adventures">Fantastic Adventures</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Locus_(magazine)" title="Locus (magazine)">Locus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magazine_of_Fantasy_%26_Science_Fiction" title="The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction">The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Science_Fantasy_(magazine)" title="Science Fantasy (magazine)">Science Fantasy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unknown_(magazine)" title="Unknown (magazine)">Unknown</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weird_Tales" title="Weird Tales">Weird Tales</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9erie" title="Féerie">Féeries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_podcast" title="Fantasy podcast">Podcasts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balrog_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Balrog Award">Balrog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Fantasy_Award" title="British Fantasy Award">British Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_Award" title="Crawford Award">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Awards" title="Dragon Awards">Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandalf_Award" title="Gandalf Award">Gandalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gemmell_Awards_for_Fantasy" title="David Gemmell Awards for Fantasy">Gemmell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fantasy_Award" title="International Fantasy Award">International Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Fantasy_Novel_Award" title="Japan Fantasy Novel Award">Japan Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s_d%27Or" title="Méliès d'Or">Méliès d'Or</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeic_Awards" title="Mythopoeic Awards">Mythopoeic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebula_Award" title="Nebula Award">Nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Awards" title="Saturn Awards">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4htifantasia_Award" title="Tähtifantasia Award">Tähtifantasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Fantasy_Award" title="World Fantasy Award">World Fantasy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_fandom" title="Fantasy fandom">Fandom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_art" title="Fantastic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanspeak" title="Fanspeak">Fanspeak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filk_music" title="Filk music">Filk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_fandom" title="Harry Potter fandom"><i>Harry Potter</i> fandom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Inklings" class="mw-redirect" title="The Inklings">The Inklings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraft_fandom" title="Lovecraft fandom">Lovecraft fandom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeic_Society" title="Mythopoeic Society">Mythopoeic Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_fandom" title="Tolkien fandom">Tolkien fandom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_influence_on_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolkien's influence on fantasy">Tolkien's influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_inspired_by_J._R._R._Tolkien" class="mw-redirect" title="Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien">Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Fantasy_Convention" title="World Fantasy Convention">World Fantasy Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_trope" title="Fantasy trope">Tropes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Legendary_creature" title="Legendary creature">Creatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoul" title="Ghoul">Ghouls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elemental" title="Elemental">Elementals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy" title="Fairy">Faeries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar" title="Familiar">Familiars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-breathing_monster" title="Fire-breathing monster">Fire-breathing monsters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon" title="Dragon">Dragons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargoyle_(monster)" title="Gargoyle (monster)">Gargoyles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imp" title="Imp">Imps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapeshifting" title="Shapeshifting">Shapeshifters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Werecat" title="Werecat">Werecats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werewolf" title="Werewolf">Werewolves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin-walker" title="Skin-walker">Skin-walkers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural#Spirit" title="Supernatural">Spirits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talking_animals_in_fiction" title="Talking animals in fiction">Talking animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undead" title="Undead">Undead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personifications_of_death" title="Personifications of death">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost" title="Ghost">Ghosts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lich" title="Lich">Liches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy_(undead)" title="Mummy (undead)">Mummies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeleton_(undead)" title="Skeleton (undead)">Skeletons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire" title="Vampire">Vampires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie" title="Zombie">Zombies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicorn" title="Unicorn">Unicorns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dkai" title="Yōkai">Yōkai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_stock_characters" title="List of stock characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbarian" title="Barbarian">Barbarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caveman" title="Caveman">Caveman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damsel_in_distress" title="Damsel in distress">Damsel in distress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_lord" title="Dark lord">Dark lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donor_(fairy_tale)" title="Donor (fairy tale)">Donor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragonslayer" title="Dragonslayer">Dragonslayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_godmother" title="Fairy godmother">Fairy godmother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magician_(fantasy)" title="Magician (fantasy)">Magicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_and_fantasy_detectives" title="List of science fiction and fantasy detectives">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_man" title="Wild man">Wild man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">Witches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_fiction" title="Magic in fiction">Magic system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_and_soft_magic_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard and soft magic systems">Hard and soft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_element" title="Classical element">Elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_magic" title="Black magic">Dark</a>/<a href="/wiki/Gray_magic" title="Gray magic">neutral</a>/<a href="/wiki/White_magic" title="White magic">light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_magic" title="Love magic">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_magic" title="Moon magic">Moon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_item" title="Magic item">Magic item</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grimoire" title="Grimoire">Grimoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_ring" title="Magic ring">Magic ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_magical_weapons" title="List of magical weapons">Magical weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magic_sword" title="Magic sword">Magic sword</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Runes">Runes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wand" title="Wand">Wand</a></li></ul></li> <li>Schools <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">Alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonology" title="Demonology">Demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divination" title="Divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egregore" title="Egregore">Egregore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evocation" title="Evocation">Evocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incantation" title="Incantation">Incantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runic_magic" title="Runic magic">Runecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">Shamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapeshifting" title="Shapeshifting">Shapeshifting</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thaumaturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">Theurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">Witchcraft</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_races" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy races">Fantasy races</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_(folklore)" title="Dwarf (folklore)">Dwarves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elf" title="Elf">Elves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ent" title="Ent">Treants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant" title="Giant">Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnome" title="Gnome">Gnomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goblin" title="Goblin">Goblins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremlin" title="Gremlin">Gremlins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfling" title="Halfling">Halflings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobgoblin" title="Hobgoblin">Hobgoblins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobold" title="Kobold">Kobolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprechaun" title="Leprechaun">Leprechauns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merfolk" title="Merfolk">Merfolk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mermaid" title="Mermaid">Mermaids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merman" title="Merman">Mermen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogre" title="Ogre">Ogres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oni" title="Oni">Oni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orc" title="Orc">Orcs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troll" title="Troll">Trolls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mythological_places" title="List of mythological places">Places and events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quest" title="Quest">Quests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_world" title="Fantasy world">Worlds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fantasy_worlds" title="List of fantasy worlds">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_map" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy map">Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_city_(fiction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lost city (fiction)">Lost city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subterranean_fiction" title="Subterranean fiction">Hollow Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astral_plane" title="Astral plane">Astral plane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_world_(plot_device)" title="Dream world (plot device)">Dreamworld</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle" title="Castle">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchanted_forest" title="Enchanted forest">Enchanted forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thieves%27_guild" title="Thieves' guild">Thieves' guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_schools#Magic_schools" title="List of fictional schools">Magic school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">Fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_story" title="Ghost story">Ghost stories</a>‎</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_speculative_fiction" title="LGBT themes in speculative fiction">LGBT themes in speculative fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_fiction" title="Supernatural fiction">Supernatural fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu‎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legends_and_myths" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban legends and myths">Urban legend</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" 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