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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Molecular Biology</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">482,482 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Molecular Biology</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Molecular_Biology">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27351986" data-work_id="27351986" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27351986/OPTIMIZATION_OF_BIOTIN_AND_THIAMINE_REQUIREMENTS_FOR_SOMATIC_EMBRYOGENESIS_OF_DATE_PALM_PHOENIX_DACTYLIFERA_L">OPTIMIZATION OF BIOTIN AND THIAMINE REQUIREMENTS FOR SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study was conducted to examine the effect of biotin and thiamine concentrations on callus growth and somatic embryogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Embryogenic callus derived from offshoot tip explants was cultured on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27351986" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study was conducted to examine the effect of biotin and thiamine concentrations on callus growth and somatic embryogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Embryogenic callus derived from offshoot tip explants was cultured on hormone-free MS medium containing biotin at 0, 0.1, 1, or 2 mg l 21 combined with thiamine at 0.1, 0.5, 2, or 5 mg l 21. Embryogenic callus weight, number of resultant embryos, and embryo length were significantly influenced by thiamine and biotin concentration. The optimum callus growth treatment consisted of 0.5 mg l 21 thiamine and 2 mg l 21 biotin. This treatment also gave the highest number of embryos. Embryo elongation was greatest at 0.5 or 2 mg l 21 thiamine combined with 1 mg l 21 biotin. Embryos from all treatments germinated and regenerants exhibited normal growth in soil. This study provides an insight into the importance of optimizing various culture medium components to overcome in vitro recalcitrance of date palm.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27351986" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d923bb682846fa73d01a3f7ae8a7c48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47606980,"asset_id":27351986,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47606980/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51467380" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DitaPahlevi">Dita Pahlevi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51467380" type="text/json">{"id":51467380,"first_name":"Dita","last_name":"Pahlevi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DitaPahlevi","display_name":"Dita Pahlevi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DitaPahlevi?f_ri=2513","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27351986 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27351986"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27351986, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27351986", }); 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Embryogenic callus derived from offshoot tip explants was cultured on hormone-free MS medium containing biotin at 0, 0.1, 1, or 2 mg l 21 combined with thiamine at 0.1, 0.5, 2, or 5 mg l 21. Embryogenic callus weight, number of resultant embryos, and embryo length were significantly influenced by thiamine and biotin concentration. The optimum callus growth treatment consisted of 0.5 mg l 21 thiamine and 2 mg l 21 biotin. This treatment also gave the highest number of embryos. Embryo elongation was greatest at 0.5 or 2 mg l 21 thiamine combined with 1 mg l 21 biotin. Embryos from all treatments germinated and regenerants exhibited normal growth in soil. This study provides an insight into the importance of optimizing various culture medium components to overcome in vitro recalcitrance of date palm.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47606980,"asset_id":27351986,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51467380,"first_name":"Dita","last_name":"Pahlevi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DitaPahlevi","display_name":"Dita Pahlevi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DitaPahlevi?f_ri=2513","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22803142" data-work_id="22803142" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 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data-work_id="13901665" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13901665/CHEMICAL_AND_MINERAL_COMPOSITIONS_OF_WATER_EXTRACTS_OF_ZOBO_Hibiscus_sabdariffa_">CHEMICAL AND MINERAL COMPOSITIONS OF WATER EXTRACTS OF ZOBO (Hibiscus sabdariffa)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT This work was carried out to investigate the chemical/mineral composition of the water extract of zobo (Hibiscus sabdariffa) drink using the modern atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Zobo drink is a popular drink in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13901665" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT<br />This work was carried out to investigate the chemical/mineral composition of the water extract of zobo (Hibiscus sabdariffa) drink using the modern atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Zobo drink is a popular drink in the Nigeria, especially in the northern part of Nigeria. The result of the analysis indicated that the drink is high in vital mineral nutrients required for the healthy growth by humans and for the proper metabolic processes to be adequately maintained. Zobo drink is high, as indicated in the result, in iron – a major component of the human haemoglobin, when compared with other leaf like the popular vegetable leaf known as awa (Piper methysticum).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13901665" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="959b9e166258598b10dc08c41ad2df2d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38155504,"asset_id":13901665,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38155504/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9471698" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Aridedon">Okafor Osita</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9471698" type="text/json">{"id":9471698,"first_name":"Okafor","last_name":"Osita","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Aridedon","display_name":"Okafor Osita","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Aridedon?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9471698/3321629/3908672/s65_okafor.osita.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13901665 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13901665"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13901665, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13901665", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/67575485/The_Communication_Infrastructures_of_Living_Systems_and_the_Universe_Analysis_from_the_Perspective_of_Antenna_Theory">The Communication Infrastructures of Living Systems and the Universe: Analysis from the Perspective of Antenna Theory</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It is still unknown how molecules coordinate their activity and operate at high speeds in the crowded environment of a cell. The study focuses on the geometry of biomolecules, assuming B-DNA, α-helix, β-strand, water molecules, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67575485" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is still unknown how molecules coordinate their activity and operate at high speeds in the crowded environment of a cell. The study focuses on the geometry of biomolecules, assuming B-DNA, α-helix, β-strand, water molecules, and chemical bonds, including hydrogen bonds, as various types of antennas. The analysis demonstrates that living systems have highly sophisticated wireless and wired communication infrastructures for regulating and coordinating molecular activities, revealing why water is essential for molecular dynamics and indicating how we evolved. The study also includes a few equations linking antenna fields with Einstein's general relativity, Kepler's law of planetary motion, and Newton's law of gravitation, which divides the gravitational field into antenna field zones and clarifies many astronomical facts. The findings, furthermore, suggest that the gravitational field is the antenna field of astronomical objects; and that nature's antennas, such as molecules and astronomical objects, communicate via gravitational waves. We hope that the study, which uses a classical approach to explain the facts of living systems and the Universe, will find applications in biology, astronomy, communication engineering, and other areas of science.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67575485" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9f25b4dc0661313f760faca1808c0771" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78341642,"asset_id":67575485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78341642/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="211867744" href="https://nitrkl.academia.edu/SRay">Sirsendu Sekhar Ray</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="211867744" type="text/json">{"id":211867744,"first_name":"Sirsendu Sekhar","last_name":"Ray","domain_name":"nitrkl","page_name":"SRay","display_name":"Sirsendu Sekhar Ray","profile_url":"https://nitrkl.academia.edu/SRay?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/211867744/71192144/59633187/s65_sirsendu_sekhar.ray.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-67575485">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-67575485"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://nitr.academia.edu/bitopmaitra">Bitop Maitra</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-67575485'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-67575485').html(); 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The study focuses on the geometry of biomolecules, assuming B-DNA, α-helix, β-strand, water molecules, and chemical bonds, including hydrogen bonds, as various types of antennas. The analysis demonstrates that living systems have highly sophisticated wireless and wired communication infrastructures for regulating and coordinating molecular activities, revealing why water is essential for molecular dynamics and indicating how we evolved. The study also includes a few equations linking antenna fields with Einstein's general relativity, Kepler's law of planetary motion, and Newton's law of gravitation, which divides the gravitational field into antenna field zones and clarifies many astronomical facts. The findings, furthermore, suggest that the gravitational field is the antenna field of astronomical objects; and that nature's antennas, such as molecules and astronomical objects, communicate via gravitational waves. 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(MAIZE/CORN</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nutritional value of plant purely depends on the methodology of cultivation. (Urmila Sarkar and Surendra Sawardekar) Different methods of cultivation lead to prior proficiency of plant growth in terms of germination, height, weight,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40821377" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nutritional value of plant purely depends on the methodology of cultivation. (Urmila Sarkar and Surendra Sawardekar) Different methods of cultivation lead to prior proficiency of plant growth in terms of germination, height, weight, nutritional factors and so on. (Urmila Sarkar and Surendra Sawardekar). A practice of 'Organic farming' for the production of quality based nutritional contents becomes an essential element. A crop such as Zea mays L. (Maize or Corn) is an important staple crop known for its wide range of nutritional component such as Carbohydrate, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, moisture, ash etc. (Urmila Sarkar and Surendra Sawardekar). The experimental research is focused on assessment of Protein content from organically grown Zea mays L. (maize/corn). The results conclude efficient amount of total protein in Zea mays L. plant material as a whole viz. root, leaf and seed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40821377" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e1666aab4194dc495c6523911edc4b9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61103969,"asset_id":40821377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61103969/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59042793" href="https://mcjmumbai.academia.edu/surendrasawardekar">surendra sawardekar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59042793" type="text/json">{"id":59042793,"first_name":"surendra","last_name":"sawardekar","domain_name":"mcjmumbai","page_name":"surendrasawardekar","display_name":"surendra sawardekar","profile_url":"https://mcjmumbai.academia.edu/surendrasawardekar?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59042793/28029743/26272447/s65_surendra.sawardekar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40821377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40821377"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40821377, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40821377", }); 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The experimental research is focused on assessment of Protein content from organically grown Zea mays L. (maize/corn). The results conclude efficient amount of total protein in Zea mays L. plant material as a whole viz. root, leaf and seed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61103969,"asset_id":40821377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59042793,"first_name":"surendra","last_name":"sawardekar","domain_name":"mcjmumbai","page_name":"surendrasawardekar","display_name":"surendra sawardekar","profile_url":"https://mcjmumbai.academia.edu/surendrasawardekar?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59042793/28029743/26272447/s65_surendra.sawardekar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":591,"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition_and_Dietetics?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10915116/Sodium_Dodecyl_Sulfate_polyacrylamide_gel_electrophoresis_SDS_PAGE_">Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is the most popular method due to its availability, simplicity, reproducibility, ease to use. The separation of macromolecules in an electric field is called... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10915116" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is the most popular method due to its availability, simplicity, reproducibility, ease to use. The separation of macromolecules in an electric field is called electrophoresis. A very common method for separating proteins by electrophoresis uses a discontinuous polyacrylamide gel as a support medium and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to denature the proteins. 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Caco-2 Cell Uptake</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cefuroxime axetil (CA) is an oral cephalosporin which hydrolyzes rapidly to the active parent compound cefuroxime. CA is known to have incomplete oral bioavailability (30–50%) due to its poor solubility and enzymatic conversion to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75280990" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cefuroxime axetil (CA) is an oral cephalosporin which hydrolyzes rapidly to the active parent compound cefuroxime. CA is known to have incomplete oral bioavailability (30–50%) due to its poor solubility and enzymatic conversion to cefuroxime in the gut lumen. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a lipid-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) has been developed and optimized. The SNEDDS formulations were prepared using the aqueous phase titration method. The greatest self-emulsifying area was found in the 2:1 Smix ratio. As a result, different SNEDDS formulations were carefully selected from this phase diagram based on their smaller droplet size < 100 nm, polydispersity index ≤ 0.5, dispersibility (Grade A), and transmittance (%) > 85%. Thermodynamic stability tests were carried out in order to rule out any metastable/unstable SNEDDS formulations. The droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency (% EE) of optimized CA-loaded SNEDDS (C-3) were 18.50 ± 1.83 nm, 0.064 ± 0.008, −22.12 ± 1.20 mV, and 97.62 ± 1.06%, respectively. In vitro release studies revealed that the SNEDDS formulation had increased CA solubility. CA-SNEDDS-C3 increased CA cellular uptake, possibly due to increased CA solubility and the inhibition of enzymatic conversion to cefuroxime. Finally, in terms of the improvement of oral bioavailability, CA-loaded-SNEDDS could be a viable alternative to commercially available CA formulations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75280990" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b3d1259d7d7d49e2597f4a5a312216e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83113107,"asset_id":75280990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83113107/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3842921" href="https://kaust.academia.edu/MariuszJaremko">Mariusz Jaremko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3842921" type="text/json">{"id":3842921,"first_name":"Mariusz","last_name":"Jaremko","domain_name":"kaust","page_name":"MariuszJaremko","display_name":"Mariusz Jaremko","profile_url":"https://kaust.academia.edu/MariuszJaremko?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3842921/1407725/1729039/s65_mariusz.antypater.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-75280990">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-75280990"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadKhan624">Arshad Khan</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/YogeshYadav289">Yogesh Yadav</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-75280990'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-75280990').html(); 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CA is known to have incomplete oral bioavailability (30–50%) due to its poor solubility and enzymatic conversion to cefuroxime in the gut lumen. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a lipid-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) has been developed and optimized. The SNEDDS formulations were prepared using the aqueous phase titration method. The greatest self-emulsifying area was found in the 2:1 Smix ratio. As a result, different SNEDDS formulations were carefully selected from this phase diagram based on their smaller droplet size \u003c 100 nm, polydispersity index ≤ 0.5, dispersibility (Grade A), and transmittance (%) \u003e 85%. Thermodynamic stability tests were carried out in order to rule out any metastable/unstable SNEDDS formulations. The droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency (% EE) of optimized CA-loaded SNEDDS (C-3) were 18.50 ± 1.83 nm, 0.064 ± 0.008, −22.12 ± 1.20 mV, and 97.62 ± 1.06%, respectively. In vitro release studies revealed that the SNEDDS formulation had increased CA solubility. CA-SNEDDS-C3 increased CA cellular uptake, possibly due to increased CA solubility and the inhibition of enzymatic conversion to cefuroxime. Finally, in terms of the improvement of oral bioavailability, CA-loaded-SNEDDS could be a viable alternative to commercially available CA formulations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83113107,"asset_id":75280990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3842921,"first_name":"Mariusz","last_name":"Jaremko","domain_name":"kaust","page_name":"MariuszJaremko","display_name":"Mariusz Jaremko","profile_url":"https://kaust.academia.edu/MariuszJaremko?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3842921/1407725/1729039/s65_mariusz.antypater.jpg"},{"id":220595783,"first_name":"Arshad","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArshadKhan624","display_name":"Arshad Khan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadKhan624?f_ri=2513","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":220467819,"first_name":"Yogesh","last_name":"Yadav","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YogeshYadav289","display_name":"Yogesh Yadav","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YogeshYadav289?f_ri=2513","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":9889,"name":"Computational Drug Designing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Drug_Designing?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":18491,"name":"Molecular Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biochemistry?f_ri=2513"},{"id":159187,"name":"Drug Delivery Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Delivery_Systems?f_ri=2513"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 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type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4233" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology">Computational Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4233" type="text/json">{"id":4233,"name":"Computational Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium">Calcium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9534" type="text/json">{"id":9534,"name":"Calcium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47127372]'), work: {"id":47127372,"title":"Hidden Markov Models in 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Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":9534,"name":"Calcium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=2513"},{"id":67962,"name":"Markov chains","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Markov_chains?f_ri=2513"},{"id":69424,"name":"Protein Kinases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Kinases?f_ri=2513"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=2513"},{"id":143539,"name":"hidden Markov model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/hidden_Markov_model?f_ri=2513"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins?f_ri=2513"},{"id":809881,"name":"Amino Acid Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Sequence?f_ri=2513"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=2513"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=2513"},{"id":2898895,"name":"binding sites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/binding_sites?f_ri=2513"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81151094" data-work_id="81151094" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81151094/Evaluation_of_uranyl_photocleavage_as_a_probe_to_monitor_ion_binding_and_flexibility_in_RNAs">Evaluation of uranyl photocleavage as a probe to monitor ion binding and flexibility in RNAs</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79020545/Uncanny_similarity_of_unique_inserts_in_the_2019_nCoV_spike_protein_to_HIV_1_gp120_and_Gag">Uncanny similarity of unique inserts in the 2019-nCoV spike protein to HIV-1 gp120 and Gag</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We are currently witnessing a major epidemic caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The evolution of 2019-nCoV remains elusive. We found 4 insertions in the spike glycoprotein (S) which are unique to the 2019-nCoV and are not... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79020545" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We are currently witnessing a major epidemic caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The evolution of 2019-nCoV remains elusive. We found 4 insertions in the spike glycoprotein (S) which are unique to the 2019-nCoV and are not present in other coronaviruses. Importantly, amino acid residues in all the 4 inserts have identity or similarity to those in the HIV-1 gp120 or HIV-1 Gag. Interestingly, despite the inserts being discontinuous on the primary amino acid sequence, 3D-modelling of the 2019-nCoV suggests that they converge to constitute the receptor binding site. The finding of 4 unique inserts in the 2019-nCoV, all of which have identity /similarity to amino acid residues in key structural proteins of HIV-1 is unlikely to be fortuitous in nature. This work provides yet unknown insights on 2019-nCoV and sheds light on the evolution and pathogenicity of this virus with important implications for diagnosis of this virus.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79020545" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="790f31bab18d6f9281903edcd6ec7a10" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85883160,"asset_id":79020545,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85883160/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="219408116" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BishwajitKundu1">Bishwajit Kundu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="219408116" type="text/json">{"id":219408116,"first_name":"Bishwajit","last_name":"Kundu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BishwajitKundu1","display_name":"Bishwajit Kundu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BishwajitKundu1?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/219408116/77471726/66009184/s65_bishwajit.kundu.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79020545 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79020545"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79020545, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79020545", }); 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The evolution of 2019-nCoV remains elusive. We found 4 insertions in the spike glycoprotein (S) which are unique to the 2019-nCoV and are not present in other coronaviruses. Importantly, amino acid residues in all the 4 inserts have identity or similarity to those in the HIV-1 gp120 or HIV-1 Gag. Interestingly, despite the inserts being discontinuous on the primary amino acid sequence, 3D-modelling of the 2019-nCoV suggests that they converge to constitute the receptor binding site. The finding of 4 unique inserts in the 2019-nCoV, all of which have identity /similarity to amino acid residues in key structural proteins of HIV-1 is unlikely to be fortuitous in nature. This work provides yet unknown insights on 2019-nCoV and sheds light on the evolution and pathogenicity of this virus with important implications for diagnosis of this virus.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85883160,"asset_id":79020545,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":219408116,"first_name":"Bishwajit","last_name":"Kundu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BishwajitKundu1","display_name":"Bishwajit Kundu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BishwajitKundu1?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/219408116/77471726/66009184/s65_bishwajit.kundu.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":68,"name":"Bioengineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioengineering?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":170,"name":"Molecular Virology (Biology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Virology_Biology_?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular 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href="https://www.academia.edu/77721731/GFP_imaging_methodology_and_application_to_investigate_cellular_compartmentation_in_plants">GFP imaging: methodology and application to investigate cellular compartmentation in plants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77721731" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8cf13f91231a78678d1bf48d11273f3c" rel="nofollow" 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77641633/%C3%89valuation_des_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9s_modulatrices_de_Lactobacillus_brevis_par_rapport_%C3%A0_la_r%C3%A9ponse_immune_intestinale_chez_les_souris_Balb_c_immunis%C3%A9es_%C3%A0_la_%CE%B2_lactoglobuline">Évaluation des propriétés modulatrices de Lactobacillus brevis par rapport à la réponse immune intestinale chez les souris Balb/c immunisées à la β-lactoglobuline</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction Les probiotiques contribuent au bon fonctionnement des intestins et sont indispensables a celui de notre systeme immunitaire. C’est dans ce contexte que nous avons evalue l’effet preventif de l’intubation intragastrique de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77641633" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction Les probiotiques contribuent au bon fonctionnement des intestins et sont indispensables a celui de notre systeme immunitaire. C’est dans ce contexte que nous avons evalue l’effet preventif de l’intubation intragastrique de Lactobacillus brevis sur la reponse anaphylactique intestinale chez les souris Balb/c immunisees contre la β-lactoglobuline (β-Lg). Methodes Trente souris Balb/c ont ete reparties en trois groupes de 10 souris chacun. Les animaux du 1er groupe (temoin negatif) et du 2e groupe (temoin positif) recevaient une solution saline, tandis que le 3e groupe recevait Lactobacillus brevis par intubation orale. Les souris du 2e et 3e groupe ont ete immunisees contre la β-Lg. La reponse immune intestinale etait evaluee par mesure des parametres electrophysiologiques en chambre de Ussing, tels que le courant de court-circuit (Isc) (represente la secretion active du Cl − ) et la conductance des muqueuses jejunales (G) (index de l’integrite epitheliale). Resultats Les tests de provocation ex vivo en chambre de Ussing montrent que la β-Lg stimule le courant de court-circuit et augmente la conductance des muqueuses des souris du groupe 2 (temoin positif). Par contre, chez les souris du groupe 1 (temoin negatif), le courant de court-circuit et la conductance restent stables. Chez le groupe experimental ayant recu Lactobacillus brevis, les valeurs de courant de court-circuit (Δ Isc = 10,46 ± 2,5 μA/cm2) et la conductance (2,61 ± 0,57 mmho cm−2) restent comparables a ceux observe chez le groupe temoin negatif. Conclusion La souche etudiee de Lactobacillus brevis module la reponse anaphylactique intestinale chez les souris Balb/c immunisees a la β-lactoglobuline.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77641633" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61904384" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KherouaOmar">Kheroua Omar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61904384" type="text/json">{"id":61904384,"first_name":"Kheroua","last_name":"Omar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KherouaOmar","display_name":"Kheroua Omar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KherouaOmar?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61904384/26364420/24939761/s65_kheroua.omar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77641633 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77641633"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77641633, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77641633", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_77641633 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77641633; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_77641633"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_77641633 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77641633"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77641633; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77641633]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77641633").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77641633").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77641633"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2513" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Molecular Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2513" type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77641633]'), work: {"id":77641633,"title":"Évaluation des propriétés modulatrices de Lactobacillus brevis par rapport à la réponse immune intestinale chez les souris Balb/c immunisées à la β-lactoglobuline","created_at":"2022-04-26T01:07:24.526-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77641633/%C3%89valuation_des_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9s_modulatrices_de_Lactobacillus_brevis_par_rapport_%C3%A0_la_r%C3%A9ponse_immune_intestinale_chez_les_souris_Balb_c_immunis%C3%A9es_%C3%A0_la_%CE%B2_lactoglobuline?f_ri=2513","dom_id":"work_77641633","summary":"Introduction Les probiotiques contribuent au bon fonctionnement des intestins et sont indispensables a celui de notre systeme immunitaire. C’est dans ce contexte que nous avons evalue l’effet preventif de l’intubation intragastrique de Lactobacillus brevis sur la reponse anaphylactique intestinale chez les souris Balb/c immunisees contre la β-lactoglobuline (β-Lg). Methodes Trente souris Balb/c ont ete reparties en trois groupes de 10 souris chacun. Les animaux du 1er groupe (temoin negatif) et du 2e groupe (temoin positif) recevaient une solution saline, tandis que le 3e groupe recevait Lactobacillus brevis par intubation orale. Les souris du 2e et 3e groupe ont ete immunisees contre la β-Lg. La reponse immune intestinale etait evaluee par mesure des parametres electrophysiologiques en chambre de Ussing, tels que le courant de court-circuit (Isc) (represente la secretion active du Cl − ) et la conductance des muqueuses jejunales (G) (index de l’integrite epitheliale). Resultats Les tests de provocation ex vivo en chambre de Ussing montrent que la β-Lg stimule le courant de court-circuit et augmente la conductance des muqueuses des souris du groupe 2 (temoin positif). Par contre, chez les souris du groupe 1 (temoin negatif), le courant de court-circuit et la conductance restent stables. Chez le groupe experimental ayant recu Lactobacillus brevis, les valeurs de courant de court-circuit (Δ Isc = 10,46 ± 2,5 μA/cm2) et la conductance (2,61 ± 0,57 mmho cm−2) restent comparables a ceux observe chez le groupe temoin negatif. 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Recent progress in using the tools of genetics, molecular genetics and genetic engineering to dissect triterpene metabolism in the cytosol,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51397528" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Terpenes and sterols are complex molecules synthesized by equally complex biosynthetic pathways. 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Fungi infecting this plant were isolated and identified by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43826016" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sumacs Rhus coriaria L. has long been used as food spice, food colorant and preservative, and it is also used in cosmetics, medicines and in the animal leather industry. Fungi infecting this plant were isolated and identified by morphological and molecular methods, particularly for the most dominant isolates by PCR and sequencing the ITS region. The isolation results showed the presence of Fusarium oxysporum with the highest frequency of 27% followed by Cylindrocarpon, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria sp. with frequency rates of 23%, 20%, 16% and 10%, respectively, while the Verticillium dahlia and Cephalosprum sp. were the least frequent with a rate of 2% for both. Sequencing revealed new Fusarium oxysporum isolates that have been registered at the GeneBank database.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43826016" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f1244a890b2980e6d5c1f20e57747b8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64145119,"asset_id":43826016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64145119/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1655502" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadAlJassani">Mohammad J Al-Jassani</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1655502" type="text/json">{"id":1655502,"first_name":"Mohammad","last_name":"Al-Jassani","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammadAlJassani","display_name":"Mohammad J Al-Jassani","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadAlJassani?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1655502/574783/1889928/s65_mohammad.al-jassani.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43826016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43826016"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43826016, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43826016", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43826016]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43826016").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43826016").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43826016"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany">Botany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="148" type="text/json">{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2513" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Molecular Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2513" type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55409" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dna_Sequencing">Dna Sequencing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55409" type="text/json">{"id":55409,"name":"Dna Sequencing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dna_Sequencing?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="215623" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fusarium_oxysporum">Fusarium oxysporum</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="215623" type="text/json">{"id":215623,"name":"Fusarium oxysporum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fusarium_oxysporum?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43826016]'), work: {"id":43826016,"title":"ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL Fusarium oxysporum FROM SUMAC PLANT","created_at":"2020-08-10T19:52:19.995-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43826016/ISOLATION_AND_MOLECULAR_IDENTIFICATION_OF_A_NOVEL_Fusarium_oxysporum_FROM_SUMAC_PLANT?f_ri=2513","dom_id":"work_43826016","summary":"Sumacs Rhus coriaria L. has long been used as food spice, food colorant and preservative, and it is also used in cosmetics, medicines and in the animal leather industry. Fungi infecting this plant were isolated and identified by morphological and molecular methods, particularly for the most dominant isolates by PCR and sequencing the ITS region. The isolation results showed the presence of Fusarium oxysporum with the highest frequency of 27% followed by Cylindrocarpon, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria sp. with frequency rates of 23%, 20%, 16% and 10%, respectively, while the Verticillium dahlia and Cephalosprum sp. were the least frequent with a rate of 2% for both. Sequencing revealed new Fusarium oxysporum isolates that have been registered at the GeneBank database.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64145119,"asset_id":43826016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1655502,"first_name":"Mohammad","last_name":"Al-Jassani","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammadAlJassani","display_name":"Mohammad J Al-Jassani","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadAlJassani?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1655502/574783/1889928/s65_mohammad.al-jassani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":55409,"name":"Dna Sequencing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dna_Sequencing?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":215623,"name":"Fusarium oxysporum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fusarium_oxysporum?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":3539790,"name":"Rhus coriaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhus_coriaria?f_ri=2513"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36230624" data-work_id="36230624" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36230624/RECOVERY_OF_THE_TRANSMEMBRANE_SYNTHESIS_PEPTIDE_CFTR_GENETIC_DEFECTS_delF508_NANOCRYSTALS_OF_HALLOUZITE">RECOVERY OF THE TRANSMEMBRANE SYNTHESIS PEPTIDE CFTR GENETIC DEFECTS delF508 NANOCRYSTALS OF HALLOUZITE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive potentially lethal hereditary disease. The disease is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene of the transmembrane peptide. CFTR, functioning as a cAMP-dependent chlorine channel,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36230624" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive potentially lethal hereditary disease. The disease is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene of the transmembrane peptide. CFTR, functioning as a cAMP-dependent chlorine channel, regulates chlorine and sodium channels, participates in water and ATP. As a result of a genetic defect, the secretion of the glands of external secretion thickens, its evacuation becomes more difficult, secondary changes occur in the organs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36230624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5188c5b495d4d29966310e402a3be828" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56134075,"asset_id":36230624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56134075/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2263402" href="https://kharkov-ua.academia.edu/BuriachenkoSemen">Buriachenko Semen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2263402" type="text/json">{"id":2263402,"first_name":"Buriachenko","last_name":"Semen","domain_name":"kharkov-ua","page_name":"BuriachenkoSemen","display_name":"Buriachenko Semen","profile_url":"https://kharkov-ua.academia.edu/BuriachenkoSemen?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2263402/720667/157952943/s65_buriachenko.semen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36230624 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36230624"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36230624, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36230624", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36230624]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36230624").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36230624").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36230624"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2513" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Molecular Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2513" type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36230624]'), work: {"id":36230624,"title":"RECOVERY OF THE TRANSMEMBRANE SYNTHESIS PEPTIDE CFTR GENETIC DEFECTS delF508 NANOCRYSTALS OF HALLOUZITE","created_at":"2018-03-22T11:04:17.543-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36230624/RECOVERY_OF_THE_TRANSMEMBRANE_SYNTHESIS_PEPTIDE_CFTR_GENETIC_DEFECTS_delF508_NANOCRYSTALS_OF_HALLOUZITE?f_ri=2513","dom_id":"work_36230624","summary":"\nCystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive potentially lethal hereditary disease. The disease is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene of the transmembrane peptide. CFTR, functioning as a cAMP-dependent chlorine channel, regulates chlorine and sodium channels, participates in water and ATP. As a result of a genetic defect, the secretion of the glands of external secretion thickens, its evacuation becomes more difficult, secondary changes occur in the organs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56134075,"asset_id":36230624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2263402,"first_name":"Buriachenko","last_name":"Semen","domain_name":"kharkov-ua","page_name":"BuriachenkoSemen","display_name":"Buriachenko Semen","profile_url":"https://kharkov-ua.academia.edu/BuriachenkoSemen?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2263402/720667/157952943/s65_buriachenko.semen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false},{"id":19632,"name":"Molecular Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Genetics?f_ri=2513"},{"id":614079,"name":"Genetherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetherapy?f_ri=2513"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34286844" data-work_id="34286844" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34286844/Ascertaining_hybridity_of_progenies_in_mango_Mangifera_indica_L_using_microsatellite_SSR_markers">Ascertaining hybridity of progenies in mango (Mangifera indica L.) using microsatellite (SSR) markers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the present study (2012-13& 2013-14) seven mango genotypes viz., Amrapali, Dushehari, Janardan Pasand, Neelam, Pusa Arunima, Sensation and Tommy Atkins were used for obtaining hybrid plantlets. Artificial hybridization was attempted... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34286844" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the present study (2012-13& 2013-14) seven mango genotypes viz., Amrapali, Dushehari, Janardan Pasand, Neelam, Pusa Arunima, Sensation and Tommy Atkins were used for obtaining hybrid plantlets. Artificial hybridization was attempted using Amrapali as female and Dushehari, Janardan Pasand, Neelam, Pusa Arunima, Sensation and Tommy Atkins as male donor parent and the recovery of the hybrids was very low. Fourty-two microsatellite markers (SSRs) among seven mango parental genotypes were validated against mango plantlets obtained from the crosses Amrapali x Dashehari, Amrapali x Janardan Pasand, Amrapali x Neelam, Amrapali x Pusa Arunima, Amrapali x Sensation and Amrapali x Tommy Atkins. Fourty-two primer pairs were screened, 13 primer pairs (LMMA 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 16 and ESTD 1, 2, 9 and 10) were found polymorphic and utilized for ascertaining hybridity of progenies obtained from seven mango parental genotypes. Out of 13 polymorphic primers, only 3 primer pairs (LMMA 11, ESTD 9 and ESTD 10) could confirm the hybridity of progenies in different cross combinations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34286844" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c98bb3bcec111084fe5191de14053b22" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54192693,"asset_id":34286844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54192693/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="67398870" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofAgricultureandEcology">Journal of Agriculture and Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="67398870" type="text/json">{"id":67398870,"first_name":"Journal","last_name":"of Agriculture and Ecology","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JournalofAgricultureandEcology","display_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofAgricultureandEcology?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67398870/17542532/17607996/s65_journal.of_agriculture_and_ecology.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34286844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34286844"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34286844, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34286844", }); 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Artificial hybridization was attempted using Amrapali as female and Dushehari, Janardan Pasand, Neelam, Pusa Arunima, Sensation and Tommy Atkins as male donor parent and the recovery of the hybrids was very low. Fourty-two microsatellite markers (SSRs) among seven mango parental genotypes were validated against mango plantlets obtained from the crosses Amrapali x Dashehari, Amrapali x Janardan Pasand, Amrapali x Neelam, Amrapali x Pusa Arunima, Amrapali x Sensation and Amrapali x Tommy Atkins. Fourty-two primer pairs were screened, 13 primer pairs (LMMA 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 16 and ESTD 1, 2, 9 and 10) were found polymorphic and utilized for ascertaining hybridity of progenies obtained from seven mango parental genotypes. Out of 13 polymorphic primers, only 3 primer pairs (LMMA 11, ESTD 9 and ESTD 10) could confirm the hybridity of progenies in different cross combinations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54192693,"asset_id":34286844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":67398870,"first_name":"Journal","last_name":"of Agriculture and Ecology","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JournalofAgricultureandEcology","display_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofAgricultureandEcology?f_ri=2513","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67398870/17542532/17607996/s65_journal.of_agriculture_and_ecology.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=2513","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card 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Its structure proved to be complex and to vary greatly in all examined species of the virilis group. Phylogenetic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21733793" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The mobile element Penelope is activated and mobilizes several other transposons in dysgenic crosses in Drosophila virilis. Its structure proved to be complex and to vary greatly in all examined species of the virilis group. Phylogenetic analysis of the reverse transcriptase (RT) domain assigned Penelope to a new branch, rather than to any known family, of LTR-lacking retroelements. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the C-terminal domain of the Penelope polyprotein is an active endonuclease, which is related to intron-encoded endonucleases and to bacterial repair endonuclease UrvC, and may act as an integras. Retroelements coding for a putative endonuclease that differs from typical integrase have thus far not been known. The N-terminal domain of the Penelope polyprotein was shown to contain a protease with significant homology to HIV-1 protease. Phylogenetic analysis divided the Penelope copies from several virilis species into two subfamilies, one including virtually identi...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21733793" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="971d4be89a879b6888038c949acf9116" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42479881,"asset_id":21733793,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42479881/download_file?st=MTczMjQyMzQzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42929743" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EZelentsova">E. 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