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Alimentazione e nutraceutica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Funghi. Alimentazione e nutraceutica è uno dei pochi testi universitari sulla materia attualmente in commercio in Italia. Il libro analizza le caratteristiche generali dei funghi e le tecniche di raccolta e identificazione dei macromiceti... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44208709" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Funghi. Alimentazione e nutraceutica è uno dei pochi testi universitari sulla materia attualmente in commercio in Italia. Il libro analizza le caratteristiche generali dei funghi e le tecniche di raccolta e identificazione dei macromiceti di interesse alimentare e medicinale.<br />È inclusa la descrizione di ventidue funghi di interesse alimentare, con consigli su raccolta, trattamento, conservazione, commercializzazione e tecniche di coltivazione. Un capitolo è dedicato inoltre alle proprietà alimentari e medicinali. L’analisi delle proprietà medicinali è un’assoluta novità nello scenario dei testi universitari italiani e fornisce al lettore utili informazioni sul settore della nutraceutica dei funghi, in costante crescita anche in Europa.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44208709" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a20d0a4481bda3bbb76d9684d02e3549" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64573651,"asset_id":44208709,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64573651/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8647215" href="https://independent.academia.edu/libreriauniversitariaitedizioni">Libreriauniversitaria.it Edizioni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8647215" type="text/json">{"id":8647215,"first_name":"Libreriauniversitaria.it","last_name":"Edizioni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"libreriauniversitariaitedizioni","display_name":"Libreriauniversitaria.it Edizioni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/libreriauniversitariaitedizioni?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8647215/2879491/135517054/s65_libreriauniversitaria.it.edizioni.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44208709 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44208709"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44208709, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44208709", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44208709]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44208709").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44208709").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44208709"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology">Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="160" type="text/json">{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi">Fungi</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17272" type="text/json">{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117475" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micology">Micology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="117475" type="text/json">{"id":117475,"name":"Micology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44208709]'), work: {"id":44208709,"title":"Funghi. Alimentazione e nutraceutica","created_at":"2020-10-01T07:01:38.617-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44208709/Funghi_Alimentazione_e_nutraceutica?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_44208709","summary":"Funghi. Alimentazione e nutraceutica è uno dei pochi testi universitari sulla materia attualmente in commercio in Italia. Il libro analizza le caratteristiche generali dei funghi e le tecniche di raccolta e identificazione dei macromiceti di interesse alimentare e medicinale.\nÈ inclusa la descrizione di ventidue funghi di interesse alimentare, con consigli su raccolta, trattamento, conservazione, commercializzazione e tecniche di coltivazione. Un capitolo è dedicato inoltre alle proprietà alimentari e medicinali. L’analisi delle proprietà medicinali è un’assoluta novità nello scenario dei testi universitari italiani e fornisce al lettore utili informazioni sul settore della nutraceutica dei funghi, in costante crescita anche in Europa.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64573651,"asset_id":44208709,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8647215,"first_name":"Libreriauniversitaria.it","last_name":"Edizioni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"libreriauniversitariaitedizioni","display_name":"Libreriauniversitaria.it Edizioni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/libreriauniversitariaitedizioni?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8647215/2879491/135517054/s65_libreriauniversitaria.it.edizioni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":117475,"name":"Micology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":533803,"name":"Determining mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi in food and feed","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Determining_mycotoxins_and_mycotoxigenic_fungi_in_food_and_feed?f_ri=28594"},{"id":592629,"name":"Mycorrhizae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycorrhizae?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1003728,"name":"Edible Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edible_Fungi?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78975920" data-work_id="78975920" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78975920/Filamentous_fungi_recovered_from_the_water_distribution_system_of_a_Belgian_university_hospital">Filamentous fungi recovered from the water distribution system of a Belgian university hospital</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Since then, further reports have supported these fi ndings [5-7]. Some studies have demonstrated, using molecular biology techniques, evidence of water-borne transmission of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., matching the genotypic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78975920" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Since then, further reports have supported these fi ndings [5-7]. Some studies have demonstrated, using molecular biology techniques, evidence of water-borne transmission of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., matching the genotypic identity of isolates recovered from patients and those isolated from the water in the patients' rooms [5,8,9]. Since similar data is not available from studies in Belgium, we conducted studies in Liège in order to fi nd out whether the water distribution system of a Belgian university hospital containing high-risk units could be a potential reservoir for fi lamentous fungi. Methods</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78975920" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e54a6f4defb408fa8ef93c20b0724e60" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85852730,"asset_id":78975920,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85852730/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="80645721" href="https://ulg.academia.edu/PascaleHUYNEN">Pascale HUYNEN</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="80645721" type="text/json">{"id":80645721,"first_name":"Pascale","last_name":"HUYNEN","domain_name":"ulg","page_name":"PascaleHUYNEN","display_name":"Pascale HUYNEN","profile_url":"https://ulg.academia.edu/PascaleHUYNEN?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78975920 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78975920"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78975920, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78975920", }); 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Some studies have demonstrated, using molecular biology techniques, evidence of water-borne transmission of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., matching the genotypic identity of isolates recovered from patients and those isolated from the water in the patients' rooms [5,8,9]. Since similar data is not available from studies in Belgium, we conducted studies in Liège in order to fi nd out whether the water distribution system of a Belgian university hospital containing high-risk units could be a potential reservoir for fi lamentous fungi. Methods","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85852730,"asset_id":78975920,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":80645721,"first_name":"Pascale","last_name":"HUYNEN","domain_name":"ulg","page_name":"PascaleHUYNEN","display_name":"Pascale HUYNEN","profile_url":"https://ulg.academia.edu/PascaleHUYNEN?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":40862,"name":"Belgium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belgium?f_ri=28594"},{"id":45504,"name":"Aspergillus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspergillus?f_ri=28594"},{"id":64055,"name":"Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Supply?f_ri=28594"},{"id":73618,"name":"Fusarium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fusarium?f_ri=28594"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=28594"},{"id":435535,"name":"Filamentous fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filamentous_fungi?f_ri=28594"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=28594"},{"id":646441,"name":"Water Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Microbiology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":871724,"name":"University Hospitals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/University_Hospitals?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1579788,"name":"Water Distribution System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Distribution_System?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2578363,"name":"Mycoses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycoses?f_ri=28594"},{"id":3854113,"name":"Cross Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Infection?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76142990" data-work_id="76142990" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76142990/Susceptibility_profile_of_clinical_and_environmental_isolates_ofCryptococcus_neoformansandCryptococcus_gattiiin_Uberaba_Minas_Gerais_Brazil">Susceptibility profile of clinical and environmental isolates ofCryptococcus neoformansandCryptococcus gattiiin Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">formerly considered to be restricted to tropical and subtropical regions, but several outbreaks of cryptococcosis involving both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals have been reported in Canada, the US Pacifi c Northwest,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76142990" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">formerly considered to be restricted to tropical and subtropical regions, but several outbreaks of cryptococcosis involving both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals have been reported in Canada, the US Pacifi c Northwest, Australia, and South America, indicating its geographic expansion [2,3]. In Brazil, C. neoformans is distributed throughout the country, whereas C. gattii is mainly found in the North and Northeast regions [4]. Due to the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals over the past several decades, the prevalence of invasive fungal infections has substantially increased worldwide [5]. This has led to high rates of therapeutic and/or prophylactic use of azole derivates and other antifungals, causing selective epidemiological pressure, which may have contributed to the decreased susceptibility to these drugs [6].</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76142990" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="86faf4644cf7c015fa88dd688b920f62" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83809330,"asset_id":76142990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83809330/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35447045" href="https://ufsb.academia.edu/DelioMora">Delio J Mora</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35447045" type="text/json">{"id":35447045,"first_name":"Delio","last_name":"Mora","domain_name":"ufsb","page_name":"DelioMora","display_name":"Delio J Mora","profile_url":"https://ufsb.academia.edu/DelioMora?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35447045/21349938/20761024/s65_delio.mora.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76142990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76142990"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76142990, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76142990", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76142990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76142990").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76142990").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76142990"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1444" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_microbiology">Environmental microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1444" type="text/json">{"id":1444,"name":"Environmental microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76142990]'), work: {"id":76142990,"title":"Susceptibility profile of clinical and environmental isolates ofCryptococcus neoformansandCryptococcus gattiiin Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil","created_at":"2022-04-11T10:59:34.124-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76142990/Susceptibility_profile_of_clinical_and_environmental_isolates_ofCryptococcus_neoformansandCryptococcus_gattiiin_Uberaba_Minas_Gerais_Brazil?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_76142990","summary":"formerly considered to be restricted to tropical and subtropical regions, but several outbreaks of cryptococcosis involving both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals have been reported in Canada, the US Pacifi c Northwest, Australia, and South America, indicating its geographic expansion [2,3]. In Brazil, C. neoformans is distributed throughout the country, whereas C. gattii is mainly found in the North and Northeast regions [4]. Due to the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals over the past several decades, the prevalence of invasive fungal infections has substantially increased worldwide [5]. This has led to high rates of therapeutic and/or prophylactic use of azole derivates and other antifungals, causing selective epidemiological pressure, which may have contributed to the decreased susceptibility to these drugs [6].","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83809330,"asset_id":76142990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35447045,"first_name":"Delio","last_name":"Mora","domain_name":"ufsb","page_name":"DelioMora","display_name":"Delio J Mora","profile_url":"https://ufsb.academia.edu/DelioMora?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35447045/21349938/20761024/s65_delio.mora.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":1444,"name":"Environmental microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":9821,"name":"Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazil?f_ri=28594"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=28594"},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":28596,"name":"Cryptococcus gattii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcus_gattii?f_ri=28594"},{"id":95046,"name":"Cryptococcus Neoformans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcus_Neoformans?f_ri=28594"},{"id":552209,"name":"Antifungal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":561014,"name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Sensitivity_Tests?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1395667,"name":"Cryptococcosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcosis?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61687262" data-work_id="61687262" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61687262/Cryptococcus_neoformans_var_gattii_in_the_koala_Phascolarctos_cinereus_serological_evidence_for_subclinical_cryptococcosis">Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in the koala ( Phascolarctos cinereus ): serological evidence for subclinical cryptococcosis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii has been shown to have a strong association with eucalypts frequently used by koalas and, not surprisingly, it has been shown to colonize the nasal cavities of koalas. The progression from nasal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61687262" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii has been shown to have a strong association with eucalypts frequently used by koalas and, not surprisingly, it has been shown to colonize the nasal cavities of koalas. The progression from nasal colonization to tissue invasion is critical to understanding the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis in this species and provides a model for pathogenesis of cryptococcosis in other species. Cryptococcal antigenaemia was detected in twenty-eight healthy koalas from three different regions. This was interpreted as representing limited subclinical disease. One koala developed cryptococcal pneumonia 6 months after leaving the study, whereas another developed cryptococcal meningoencephalitis during the course of the study. Opportunistic necropsies on ten antigen-positive koalas resulted in discovery of small cryptococcal lesions in two (paranasal sinus and lung, respectively). Our data suggest that cryptococcal antigenaemia occurs commonly in koalas, especially in areas with a high environmental presence of C. n. var. gattii. Subclinical disease appears most likely to manifest as a small focal lesion in the respiratory tract. Possible outcomes include elimination by an effective immune response, quiescence with possibility of later re-activation or direct progression to overt disease. Symptomatic and subclinical cases showed differences in levels of antigenaemia. The data presented have signi cant implications for koalas in captivity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61687262" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="060682f2c1fc06733f62f469abdec044" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74658973,"asset_id":61687262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74658973/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="114096731" href="https://csu-au.academia.edu/JoanneConnolly">Joanne Connolly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="114096731" type="text/json">{"id":114096731,"first_name":"Joanne","last_name":"Connolly","domain_name":"csu-au","page_name":"JoanneConnolly","display_name":"Joanne Connolly","profile_url":"https://csu-au.academia.edu/JoanneConnolly?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114096731/68390168/56771088/s65_joanne.connolly.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61687262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61687262"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61687262, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61687262", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61687262]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61687262").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61687262").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61687262"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6697" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia">Australia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6697" type="text/json">{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="95046" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcus_Neoformans">Cryptococcus Neoformans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="95046" type="text/json">{"id":95046,"name":"Cryptococcus Neoformans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcus_Neoformans?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61687262]'), work: {"id":61687262,"title":"Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in the koala ( Phascolarctos cinereus ): serological evidence for subclinical cryptococcosis","created_at":"2021-11-14T21:34:09.077-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61687262/Cryptococcus_neoformans_var_gattii_in_the_koala_Phascolarctos_cinereus_serological_evidence_for_subclinical_cryptococcosis?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_61687262","summary":"Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii has been shown to have a strong association with eucalypts frequently used by koalas and, not surprisingly, it has been shown to colonize the nasal cavities of koalas. The progression from nasal colonization to tissue invasion is critical to understanding the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis in this species and provides a model for pathogenesis of cryptococcosis in other species. Cryptococcal antigenaemia was detected in twenty-eight healthy koalas from three different regions. This was interpreted as representing limited subclinical disease. One koala developed cryptococcal pneumonia 6 months after leaving the study, whereas another developed cryptococcal meningoencephalitis during the course of the study. Opportunistic necropsies on ten antigen-positive koalas resulted in discovery of small cryptococcal lesions in two (paranasal sinus and lung, respectively). Our data suggest that cryptococcal antigenaemia occurs commonly in koalas, especially in areas with a high environmental presence of C. n. var. gattii. Subclinical disease appears most likely to manifest as a small focal lesion in the respiratory tract. Possible outcomes include elimination by an effective immune response, quiescence with possibility of later re-activation or direct progression to overt disease. Symptomatic and subclinical cases showed differences in levels of antigenaemia. The data presented have signi cant implications for koalas in captivity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74658973,"asset_id":61687262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":114096731,"first_name":"Joanne","last_name":"Connolly","domain_name":"csu-au","page_name":"JoanneConnolly","display_name":"Joanne Connolly","profile_url":"https://csu-au.academia.edu/JoanneConnolly?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114096731/68390168/56771088/s65_joanne.connolly.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":95046,"name":"Cryptococcus Neoformans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcus_Neoformans?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":111112,"name":"Pneumonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pneumonia?f_ri=28594"},{"id":314484,"name":"Autopsy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autopsy?f_ri=28594"},{"id":315389,"name":"Marsupialia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marsupialia?f_ri=28594"},{"id":509782,"name":"Respiratory Tract Infections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Respiratory_Tract_Infections?f_ri=28594"},{"id":584615,"name":"Disease Progression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Progression?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1217651,"name":"Meningoencephalitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meningoencephalitis?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1395667,"name":"Cryptococcosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptococcosis?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1819400,"name":"Cohort Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cohort_Studies?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1837288,"name":"Immunocompetence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunocompetence?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2036633,"name":"Medical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59949116" data-work_id="59949116" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59949116/COVID_19_associated_invasive_pulmonary_aspergillosis_in_a_tertiary_care_center_in_Mexico_City">COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a tertiary care center in Mexico City</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe infection caused by aspergillus sp. that usually develops in patients with severe immunosuppression. IPA has been recently described in critically ill COVID-19 patients (termed as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59949116" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe infection caused by aspergillus sp. that usually develops in patients with severe immunosuppression. IPA has been recently described in critically ill COVID-19 patients (termed as COVID-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, or CAPA) that are otherwise immunocompetent. In order to describe the characteristics of patients with CAPA, we conducted a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary care center in Mexico City. We included all patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit that had serum or bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan measurements. We used the criteria proposed by Koehler et al. to establish the diagnosis of CAPA. Main outcomes were the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and in-hospital mortality. Out of a total of 83 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the ICU, 16 (19.3%) met the criteria for CAPA. All patients diagnosed with CAPA required IMV whereas only 84% of the patients in the non...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59949116" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d2ac272dc04cac629dc5ed8186b4c01" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73613818,"asset_id":59949116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73613818/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39699663" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DaliaCuenca">Dalia Cuenca</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39699663" type="text/json">{"id":39699663,"first_name":"Dalia","last_name":"Cuenca","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DaliaCuenca","display_name":"Dalia Cuenca","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DaliaCuenca?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59949116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59949116"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59949116, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59949116", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_59949116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59949116; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_59949116"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_59949116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59949116"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59949116; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59949116]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59949116").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59949116").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59949116"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59949116]'), work: {"id":59949116,"title":"COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a tertiary care center in Mexico City","created_at":"2021-10-25T14:16:02.142-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59949116/COVID_19_associated_invasive_pulmonary_aspergillosis_in_a_tertiary_care_center_in_Mexico_City?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_59949116","summary":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe infection caused by aspergillus sp. that usually develops in patients with severe immunosuppression. IPA has been recently described in critically ill COVID-19 patients (termed as COVID-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, or CAPA) that are otherwise immunocompetent. In order to describe the characteristics of patients with CAPA, we conducted a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary care center in Mexico City. We included all patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit that had serum or bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan measurements. We used the criteria proposed by Koehler et al. to establish the diagnosis of CAPA. Main outcomes were the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and in-hospital mortality. Out of a total of 83 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the ICU, 16 (19.3%) met the criteria for CAPA. All patients diagnosed with CAPA required IMV whereas only 84% of the patients in the non...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73613818,"asset_id":59949116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39699663,"first_name":"Dalia","last_name":"Cuenca","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DaliaCuenca","display_name":"Dalia Cuenca","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DaliaCuenca?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21418651 coauthored" data-work_id="21418651" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21418651/Natural_pathogens_of_laboratory_animals_and_their_effects_on_research">Natural pathogens of laboratory animals and their effects on research</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The natural fungal pathogens of laboratory animals such as rabbits and guinea pigs are mainly dermatophyte species, most commonly Trichophyton mentagrophytes and also, less frequently Microsporum gypseum and M. canis. However, the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21418651" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The natural fungal pathogens of laboratory animals such as rabbits and guinea pigs are mainly dermatophyte species, most commonly Trichophyton mentagrophytes and also, less frequently Microsporum gypseum and M. canis. However, the incidences of infection and clinical disease are low in well-managed animal facilities. Young or immunocompromised rabbits are thought to be most susceptible. Dermatophytes infect the epidermis and adnexal structures, including hair follicles and shafts, usually on or around the head, and cause pruritis, patchy alopecia, erythema and crusting. Histopathological changes in the underlying skin occur and these changes could confound histological studies involving the skin. Yeast infections usually due to Candida spp. have been reported occasionally in laboratory animals. In this paper, the role of rodents in the evaluation of topical antifungal agents, dermatophytosis and two species of Candida, which are natural pathogens of laboratory animals, are discussed in relation to their effects on research. Pneumocystis carinii, an inhabitant of the respiratory tract of laboratory mice and rats, is a pathogen only under conditions of induced or inherent immunode ciency. Infected mice and rats are likely to develop severe pneumocystosis following immunosuppression and will be rendered unsuitable for most experimental purposes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21418651" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="db8878da3172690cf2c29db688c263e2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41862878,"asset_id":21418651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41862878/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42487025" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielElad">Daniel Elad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42487025" type="text/json">{"id":42487025,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Elad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanielElad","display_name":"Daniel Elad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanielElad?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-21418651">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-21418651"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SegalEsther">Esther Segal</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-21418651'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-21418651').html(); 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However, the incidences of infection and clinical disease are low in well-managed animal facilities. Young or immunocompromised rabbits are thought to be most susceptible. Dermatophytes infect the epidermis and adnexal structures, including hair follicles and shafts, usually on or around the head, and cause pruritis, patchy alopecia, erythema and crusting. Histopathological changes in the underlying skin occur and these changes could confound histological studies involving the skin. Yeast infections usually due to Candida spp. have been reported occasionally in laboratory animals. In this paper, the role of rodents in the evaluation of topical antifungal agents, dermatophytosis and two species of Candida, which are natural pathogens of laboratory animals, are discussed in relation to their effects on research. Pneumocystis carinii, an inhabitant of the respiratory tract of laboratory mice and rats, is a pathogen only under conditions of induced or inherent immunode ciency. Infected mice and rats are likely to develop severe pneumocystosis following immunosuppression and will be rendered unsuitable for most experimental purposes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41862878,"asset_id":21418651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42487025,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Elad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanielElad","display_name":"Daniel Elad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanielElad?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":56187902,"first_name":"Esther","last_name":"Segal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SegalEsther","display_name":"Esther Segal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SegalEsther?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":19870,"name":"Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=28594"},{"id":100290,"name":"Laboratory Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Animals?f_ri=28594"},{"id":260829,"name":"Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cattle?f_ri=28594"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11471348" data-work_id="11471348" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11471348/Feline_sporotrichosis_epidemiological_and_clinical_aspects">Feline sporotrichosis: epidemiological and clinical aspects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Feline sporotrichosis, which is caused by species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex, is endemic to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. More than 4000 cases of the disease were diagnosed at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil, between 1998 and 2012.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11471348" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Feline sporotrichosis, which is caused by species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex, is endemic to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. More than 4000 cases of the disease were diagnosed at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil, between 1998 and 2012. Sporotrichosis in cats has been reported in several countries, but nowhere has an outbreak of animal sporotrichosis been as large as that seen in Brazil. The clinical manifestations of the disease range from an isolated skin lesion that can progress to multiple skin lesions and even fatal systemic involvement. Nodules and ulcers are the most common types of lesions, and respiratory signs and mucosa involvement are frequent. The definitive diagnosis depends on isolation of the etiologic agent in culture. Cytology, histopathology, and serology are useful tools for preliminary diagnosis. Severe pyogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, high fungal load, and extension of lesions to mucosa, cartilage, and bone in the nose of cats are indicative of an agent of high virulence in this endemic region. Itraconazole is the drug of choice, while, in refractory cases, amphotericin B or potassium iodide might be alternative treatments; however, recurrence after discharge may occur. Sporotrichosis persists as a neglected disease in Rio de Janeiro, and the treatment of cats remains a challenging and long-term endeavor.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11471348" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d8d372bdc1249b269e4b1117a2672c9a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46689124,"asset_id":11471348,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46689124/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27934430" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RodrigoMenezes11">Rodrigo Menezes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27934430" type="text/json">{"id":27934430,"first_name":"Rodrigo","last_name":"Menezes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RodrigoMenezes11","display_name":"Rodrigo Menezes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RodrigoMenezes11?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27934430/7922023/8875203/s65_rodrigo.menezes.jpg_oh_9cd5696cecdee79314cde80b07a1af6b_oe_55b1f473___gda___1433934031_e945436e8ff05e0c17de05daabb6520c"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11471348 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11471348"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11471348, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11471348", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11471348]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11471348").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11471348").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11471348"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9821" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazil">Brazil</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9821" type="text/json">{"id":9821,"name":"Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazil?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41088" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats">Cats</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="41088" type="text/json">{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11471348]'), work: {"id":11471348,"title":"Feline sporotrichosis: epidemiological and clinical aspects","created_at":"2015-03-16T17:42:38.621-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11471348/Feline_sporotrichosis_epidemiological_and_clinical_aspects?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_11471348","summary":"Feline sporotrichosis, which is caused by species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex, is endemic to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. More than 4000 cases of the disease were diagnosed at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil, between 1998 and 2012. Sporotrichosis in cats has been reported in several countries, but nowhere has an outbreak of animal sporotrichosis been as large as that seen in Brazil. The clinical manifestations of the disease range from an isolated skin lesion that can progress to multiple skin lesions and even fatal systemic involvement. Nodules and ulcers are the most common types of lesions, and respiratory signs and mucosa involvement are frequent. The definitive diagnosis depends on isolation of the etiologic agent in culture. Cytology, histopathology, and serology are useful tools for preliminary diagnosis. Severe pyogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, high fungal load, and extension of lesions to mucosa, cartilage, and bone in the nose of cats are indicative of an agent of high virulence in this endemic region. Itraconazole is the drug of choice, while, in refractory cases, amphotericin B or potassium iodide might be alternative treatments; however, recurrence after discharge may occur. Sporotrichosis persists as a neglected disease in Rio de Janeiro, and the treatment of cats remains a challenging and long-term endeavor.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46689124,"asset_id":11471348,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27934430,"first_name":"Rodrigo","last_name":"Menezes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RodrigoMenezes11","display_name":"Rodrigo Menezes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RodrigoMenezes11?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27934430/7922023/8875203/s65_rodrigo.menezes.jpg_oh_9cd5696cecdee79314cde80b07a1af6b_oe_55b1f473___gda___1433934031_e945436e8ff05e0c17de05daabb6520c"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":9821,"name":"Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazil?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":157932,"name":"Endemic Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endemic_Diseases?f_ri=28594"},{"id":552209,"name":"Antifungal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":590133,"name":"Itraconazole","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Itraconazole?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1131641,"name":"Potassium Iodide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium_Iodide?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1670217,"name":"Sporothrix","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sporothrix?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1670219,"name":"Sporotrichosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sporotrichosis?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10470438" data-work_id="10470438" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10470438/Pythiosis_An_emerging_oomycetic_disease_of_humans_and_animals">Pythiosis: An emerging oomycetic disease of humans and animals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pythiosis caused by Pythium insidiosum, is an emerging, life threatening infectious oomycetic disease of humans, and animals. Among several species of animals, equine is the main species affected by this oomycete. Disease can occur in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10470438" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pythiosis caused by Pythium insidiosum, is an emerging, life threatening infectious oomycetic disease of humans, and animals. Among several species of animals, equine is the main species affected by this oomycete. Disease can occur in sporadic and epidemic form, and has been reported from many counties of the world. The source of infection is exogenous. It is believed that humans,and animals acquire the infection from the aquatic environment where the organism live as a saprobe. Hence, pythiosis can be considered as a waterborne parafungal disease. In humans, various forms of disease including ocular, vascular, systemic,and cutaneous/subcutaneous are observed. Vascular and ocular pythiosis are the most common forms of the infection, accounting for about 95 % of cases. In equines, pythiosis is characterized by the formation of irregular masses within the cutaneous lesions, called kunkers. Microbiological, histopathological, immunological, and molecular techniques are employed to diagnosis the disease. The conventional antifungal drugs are ineffective for the treatment of pythiosis, because Pythium species may lack the drug-target ergosterol.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10470438" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e5ec98bdaabb5e2f1a7abac7e90a42e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36496316,"asset_id":10470438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36496316/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15645143" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MahendraPal2">Mahendra Pal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15645143" type="text/json">{"id":15645143,"first_name":"Mahendra","last_name":"Pal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MahendraPal2","display_name":"Mahendra Pal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MahendraPal2?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15645143/5653016/6431422/s65_mahendra.pal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10470438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10470438"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10470438, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10470438", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10470438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10470438; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10470438"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10470438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10470438"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10470438; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10470438]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10470438").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10470438").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10470438"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10470438]'), work: {"id":10470438,"title":"Pythiosis: An emerging oomycetic disease of humans and animals","created_at":"2015-02-02T22:22:45.420-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10470438/Pythiosis_An_emerging_oomycetic_disease_of_humans_and_animals?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_10470438","summary":"Pythiosis caused by Pythium insidiosum, is an emerging, life threatening infectious oomycetic disease of humans, and animals. Among several species of animals, equine is the main species affected by this oomycete. Disease can occur in sporadic and epidemic form, and has been reported from many counties of the world. The source of infection is exogenous. It is believed that humans,and animals acquire the infection from the aquatic environment where the organism live as a saprobe. Hence, pythiosis can be considered as a waterborne parafungal disease. In humans, various forms of disease including ocular, vascular, systemic,and cutaneous/subcutaneous are observed. Vascular and ocular pythiosis are the most common forms of the infection, accounting for about 95 % of cases. In equines, pythiosis is characterized by the formation of irregular masses within the cutaneous lesions, called kunkers. Microbiological, histopathological, immunological, and molecular techniques are employed to diagnosis the disease. The conventional antifungal drugs are ineffective for the treatment of pythiosis, because Pythium species may lack the drug-target ergosterol.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36496316,"asset_id":10470438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15645143,"first_name":"Mahendra","last_name":"Pal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MahendraPal2","display_name":"Mahendra Pal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MahendraPal2?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15645143/5653016/6431422/s65_mahendra.pal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30578725" data-work_id="30578725" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30578725/Indoor_fungal_contamination_of_traditional_public_baths_Hammams_">Indoor fungal contamination of traditional public baths (Hammams)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study was carried out to provide an overview of the fungal load in Algerian traditional baths (Hammams) as well as to isolate and identify the main pathogenic fungi. Over a period of four months, ten baths were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30578725" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study was carried out to provide an overview of the fungal load in Algerian traditional baths (Hammams) as well as to isolate and identify the main pathogenic fungi. Over a period of four months, ten baths were examined and screened for fungal contamination from several parts of the hot steamy rooms (floor, wall, door, air and marble massage platform). In total, 7157 fungi isolates were recovered from the surveyed Hammams and the most abundant molds were Penicillium spp. (45.12%) followed by Aspergillus spp. (28.80%). In addition, molds flora in traditional baths was characterized by a large number of hydrophilic species like Cladosporium, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Mucor and Alternaria. Eight candida-like appeared frequently (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. lipolytica, Geotrichum sp., Trichosporon sp., Rhodotorula sp. and Cryptococcus sp.) of which C. albicans was the common isolated yeast (35.14%). The results indicate a significant difference (p = 0.007) in species richness between molds and yeasts and their distribution varied significantly among sampled positions in baths. ANCOVA revealed a significant increase in fungal loads related to the average number of customers and mean opening year of the Hammams, in contrast with locality (favored or popular district). This study indicates that Hammams present a potential source of pathogenic fungi which may impose a real threat on public health</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30578725" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="603edbde306124ea9eaa5127cb03a9bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58031745,"asset_id":30578725,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58031745/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8414602" href="https://univ-tebessa.academia.edu/TahaMENASRIA">Taha Menasria</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8414602" type="text/json">{"id":8414602,"first_name":"Taha","last_name":"Menasria","domain_name":"univ-tebessa","page_name":"TahaMENASRIA","display_name":"Taha Menasria","profile_url":"https://univ-tebessa.academia.edu/TahaMENASRIA?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8414602/2847599/5027617/s65_taha.menasria.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30578725 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30578725"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30578725, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30578725", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30578725]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30578725").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30578725").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30578725"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4592" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_Air_Quality">Indoor Air Quality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4592" type="text/json">{"id":4592,"name":"Indoor Air Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_Air_Quality?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi">Fungi</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17272" type="text/json">{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45504" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspergillus">Aspergillus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="45504" type="text/json">{"id":45504,"name":"Aspergillus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspergillus?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30578725]'), work: {"id":30578725,"title":"Indoor fungal contamination of traditional public baths (Hammams)","created_at":"2016-12-22T12:11:18.063-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30578725/Indoor_fungal_contamination_of_traditional_public_baths_Hammams_?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_30578725","summary":"This study was carried out to provide an overview of the fungal load in Algerian traditional baths (Hammams) as well as to isolate and identify the main pathogenic fungi. Over a period of four months, ten baths were examined and screened for fungal contamination from several parts of the hot steamy rooms (floor, wall, door, air and marble massage platform). In total, 7157 fungi isolates were recovered from the surveyed Hammams and the most abundant molds were Penicillium spp. (45.12%) followed by Aspergillus spp. (28.80%). In addition, molds flora in traditional baths was characterized by a large number of hydrophilic species like Cladosporium, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Mucor and Alternaria. Eight candida-like appeared frequently (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. lipolytica, Geotrichum sp., Trichosporon sp., Rhodotorula sp. and Cryptococcus sp.) of which C. albicans was the common isolated yeast (35.14%). The results indicate a significant difference (p = 0.007) in species richness between molds and yeasts and their distribution varied significantly among sampled positions in baths. ANCOVA revealed a significant increase in fungal loads related to the average number of customers and mean opening year of the Hammams, in contrast with locality (favored or popular district). This study indicates that Hammams present a potential source of pathogenic fungi which may impose a real threat on public health","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58031745,"asset_id":30578725,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8414602,"first_name":"Taha","last_name":"Menasria","domain_name":"univ-tebessa","page_name":"TahaMENASRIA","display_name":"Taha Menasria","profile_url":"https://univ-tebessa.academia.edu/TahaMENASRIA?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8414602/2847599/5027617/s65_taha.menasria.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4592,"name":"Indoor Air Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_Air_Quality?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":45504,"name":"Aspergillus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspergillus?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":96603,"name":"Public Baths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Baths?f_ri=28594"},{"id":105582,"name":"Candida","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Candida?f_ri=28594"},{"id":137970,"name":"Indoor environmental quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_environmental_quality?f_ri=28594"},{"id":961564,"name":"Health and Hygiene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_and_Hygiene?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_54625636" data-work_id="54625636" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54625636/Borellis_lactritmel_agar_induces_conidiation_in_rare_macroconidia_producing_dermatophytic_fungi">Borelli's lactritmel agar induces conidiation in rare-macroconidia producing dermatophytic fungi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">, and T. violaceum (including T. soudanense and T. yaoundei) rarely form macroconidia [3-5]. Therefore, phenotypic identifi cation problems, in addition to pleomorphism, of dermatophytes are common and well-known in clinical laboratories... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_54625636" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">, and T. violaceum (including T. soudanense and T. yaoundei) rarely form macroconidia [3-5]. Therefore, phenotypic identifi cation problems, in addition to pleomorphism, of dermatophytes are common and well-known in clinical laboratories [5]. Importantly, the actual prevalence or clinical presentations of these moulds may be unrecognized or underreported. Moreover, macroconidial structures are characterized as species-specifi c (e.g., the ' rat-tail ' of the macroconidia of T. verrucosum). Additionally, the presence of other structures, such as ' pectinate hyphae ' and terminal or intercalary chlamydospores (M. audouinii), ' coarse hyphae ' with prominent septate called ' bamboo hyphae ' (M. ferrugineum), ' coiled or antler-like hyphae ' (T. schoenleinii), or ' refl exive branches ' (T. soudanense), may be helpful in identifying these moulds. Therefore, species identifi cation is largely based on the morphology and arrangement of the conidia [3-5]. Internally transcribed sequences (ITS) between ribosomal RNA genes are suffi ciently polymorphic for species recognition of dermatophytes and have been</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54625636" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3e3097dae9991e7cb48174e85190a97a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70901235,"asset_id":54625636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70901235/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66670480" href="https://independent.academia.edu/rg%C3%BCmral">ramazan gümral</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66670480" type="text/json">{"id":66670480,"first_name":"ramazan","last_name":"gümral","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"rgümral","display_name":"ramazan gümral","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/rg%C3%BCmral?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66670480/113366968/102637341/s65_ramazan.g_mral.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_54625636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="54625636"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 54625636, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_54625636", }); 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Therefore, phenotypic identifi cation problems, in addition to pleomorphism, of dermatophytes are common and well-known in clinical laboratories [5]. Importantly, the actual prevalence or clinical presentations of these moulds may be unrecognized or underreported. Moreover, macroconidial structures are characterized as species-specifi c (e.g., the ' rat-tail ' of the macroconidia of T. verrucosum). Additionally, the presence of other structures, such as ' pectinate hyphae ' and terminal or intercalary chlamydospores (M. audouinii), ' coarse hyphae ' with prominent septate called ' bamboo hyphae ' (M. ferrugineum), ' coiled or antler-like hyphae ' (T. schoenleinii), or ' refl exive branches ' (T. soudanense), may be helpful in identifying these moulds. Therefore, species identifi cation is largely based on the morphology and arrangement of the conidia [3-5]. Internally transcribed sequences (ITS) between ribosomal RNA genes are suffi ciently polymorphic for species recognition of dermatophytes and have been","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70901235,"asset_id":54625636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66670480,"first_name":"ramazan","last_name":"gümral","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"rgümral","display_name":"ramazan gümral","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/rg%C3%BCmral?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66670480/113366968/102637341/s65_ramazan.g_mral.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":63353,"name":"Identification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identification?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=28594"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=28594"},{"id":772284,"name":"Agar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agar?f_ri=28594"},{"id":957359,"name":"Culture Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture_Media?f_ri=28594"},{"id":3690790,"name":"Hyphae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyphae?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12091148" data-work_id="12091148" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12091148/%C3%9Aj_utakon_a_gombakutat%C3%A1s">Új utakon a gombakutatás</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A gombák az élővilág jelentős méretű csoportját alkotják: bár a tudományosan leírt fajok száma csupán százezer körüli, a létező, de még nem ismert fajokkal együtt számukat milliósra becsülik. A régi felfogás alapján a növényekhez sorolták... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12091148" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A gombák az élővilág jelentős méretű csoportját alkotják: bár a tudományosan leírt fajok száma csupán százezer körüli, a létező, de még nem ismert fajokkal együtt számukat milliósra becsülik. A régi felfogás alapján a növényekhez sorolták őket, a gombákkal foglalkozó tudományág, a mikológia fejlődésével azonban kiderült, hogy önálló – a növényekkel és az állatokkal egyenrangú – csoportot képeznek. Gondoljunk a rengeteg mikroszkopikus, fonalas, termőtestes, vízben, talajban élő vagy az állatokat és a növényeket fertőző gombákra. A mindennapi életben is számos területen találkozunk velük, az alapvető élelmiszereink (kenyér és egyéb pékáruk, egyes sajtok), élvezeti cikkeink (sör, bor, pezsgő), gyógyszereink (antibiotikumok) vagy a kulináris csemegék (szarvasgomba, rókagomba) jókora részét köszönhetjük a gombavilág képviselőinek. A betegségeink (bőrgomba stb.), illetve a termények, tárolt élelmiszerek romlásának (egyes penészgombák stb.) egy részét is gombák okozzák. Ezekből a példákból is látszik, hogy mennyire sokrétű élőlénycsoportról van szó. Napjainkban egyre nő a gombák felhasználása az ipari, a mezőgazdasági és a környezetvédelmi területeken is.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12091148" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="62593a02242bbf28508494111ab8a72a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37409728,"asset_id":12091148,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37409728/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="785975" href="https://hasppi.academia.edu/D%C3%A1nielKr%C3%BCzselyi">Dániel Krüzselyi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="785975" type="text/json">{"id":785975,"first_name":"Dániel","last_name":"Krüzselyi","domain_name":"hasppi","page_name":"DánielKrüzselyi","display_name":"Dániel Krüzselyi","profile_url":"https://hasppi.academia.edu/D%C3%A1nielKr%C3%BCzselyi?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/785975/266695/1865211/s65_d_niel.kr_zselyi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12091148 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12091148"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12091148, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12091148", }); 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A régi felfogás alapján a növényekhez sorolták őket, a gombákkal foglalkozó tudományág, a mikológia fejlődésével azonban kiderült, hogy önálló – a növényekkel és az állatokkal egyenrangú – csoportot képeznek. Gondoljunk a rengeteg mikroszkopikus, fonalas, termőtestes, vízben, talajban élő vagy az állatokat és a növényeket fertőző gombákra. A mindennapi életben is számos területen találkozunk velük, az alapvető élelmiszereink (kenyér és egyéb pékáruk, egyes sajtok), élvezeti cikkeink (sör, bor, pezsgő), gyógyszereink (antibiotikumok) vagy a kulináris csemegék (szarvasgomba, rókagomba) jókora részét köszönhetjük a gombavilág képviselőinek. A betegségeink (bőrgomba stb.), illetve a termények, tárolt élelmiszerek romlásának (egyes penészgombák stb.) egy részét is gombák okozzák. Ezekből a példákból is látszik, hogy mennyire sokrétű élőlénycsoportról van szó. Napjainkban egyre nő a gombák felhasználása az ipari, a mezőgazdasági és a környezetvédelmi területeken is.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37409728,"asset_id":12091148,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":785975,"first_name":"Dániel","last_name":"Krüzselyi","domain_name":"hasppi","page_name":"DánielKrüzselyi","display_name":"Dániel Krüzselyi","profile_url":"https://hasppi.academia.edu/D%C3%A1nielKr%C3%BCzselyi?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/785975/266695/1865211/s65_d_niel.kr_zselyi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48122508/Is_Trichophyton_simii_endemic_to_the_Indian_subcontinent">Is Trichophyton simii endemic to the Indian subcontinent?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48122508" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0040b2153928c5360c7e2efc62c4f54b" rel="nofollow" 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Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2595851,"name":"Trichophyton","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trichophyton?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_54418583" data-work_id="54418583" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54418583/Probiotic_yeastSaccharomyces_boulardii_nom_nud_modulates_adhesive_properties_ofCandida_glabrata">Probiotic yeastSaccharomyces boulardii(nom. nud.) modulates adhesive properties ofCandida glabrata</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Following the widespread use of immunosuppressive therapy together with broadspectrum antimycotic therapy, the frequency of mucosal and systemic infections caused by the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata has increased in the past decades.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_54418583" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Following the widespread use of immunosuppressive therapy together with broadspectrum antimycotic therapy, the frequency of mucosal and systemic infections caused by the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata has increased in the past decades. Due to the resistance of C. glabrata to existing azole drugs, it is very important to look for new strategies helping the treatment of such fungal diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii (nom. nud.) on C. glabrata adhesion at different temperatures, pH values, and in the presence of fluconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B. We also studied the adhesion of C. glabrata co-culture with Candida krusei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two bacterial probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei. The method used to assess adhesion was crystal violet staining. Our results showed that despite the nonadhesiveness of S. boulardii cells, this probiotic significantly affected the adherence ability of C. glabrata. This effect was highly dependent on C. glabrata strain and was either antagonistic or synergistic. Regarding the extrinsic factors, temperature did not indicate any significant influence on this S. boulardii modulatory effect, while at high pH and at increased concentrations of antimycotics, S. boulardii did not manage to repress the adhesion of C. glabrata strains. The experiments of C. glabrata co-cultures with other species showed that the adhesiveness of two separate cultures could not be used to predict the adhesiveness of their co-culture.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54418583" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2810128c2b246feeea0e837a1e76e7b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70791063,"asset_id":54418583,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70791063/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="112794391" href="https://uni-lj.academia.edu/PeterRaspor">Peter Raspor</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="112794391" type="text/json">{"id":112794391,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Raspor","domain_name":"uni-lj","page_name":"PeterRaspor","display_name":"Peter Raspor","profile_url":"https://uni-lj.academia.edu/PeterRaspor?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/112794391/28871500/26948345/s65_peter.raspor.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_54418583 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="54418583"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 54418583, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_54418583", }); 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Due to the resistance of C. glabrata to existing azole drugs, it is very important to look for new strategies helping the treatment of such fungal diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii (nom. nud.) on C. glabrata adhesion at different temperatures, pH values, and in the presence of fluconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B. We also studied the adhesion of C. glabrata co-culture with Candida krusei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two bacterial probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei. The method used to assess adhesion was crystal violet staining. Our results showed that despite the nonadhesiveness of S. boulardii cells, this probiotic significantly affected the adherence ability of C. glabrata. This effect was highly dependent on C. glabrata strain and was either antagonistic or synergistic. Regarding the extrinsic factors, temperature did not indicate any significant influence on this S. boulardii modulatory effect, while at high pH and at increased concentrations of antimycotics, S. boulardii did not manage to repress the adhesion of C. glabrata strains. The experiments of C. glabrata co-cultures with other species showed that the adhesiveness of two separate cultures could not be used to predict the adhesiveness of their co-culture.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70791063,"asset_id":54418583,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":112794391,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Raspor","domain_name":"uni-lj","page_name":"PeterRaspor","display_name":"Peter Raspor","profile_url":"https://uni-lj.academia.edu/PeterRaspor?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/112794391/28871500/26948345/s65_peter.raspor.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29318985" data-work_id="29318985" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29318985/Rhinoentomophthoromycosis_due_to_Conidiobolus_coronatus_A_case_report_and_an_overview_of_the_disease_in_India">Rhinoentomophthoromycosis due to Conidiobolus coronatus . A case report and an overview of the disease in India</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29318985" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d99a8481b57cf33f6b6c1a14faa4f75" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49759769,"asset_id":29318985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49759769/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU0OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55375156" href="https://ggsipu-in.academia.edu/GeetikaKhanna">Geetika Khanna</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55375156" type="text/json">{"id":55375156,"first_name":"Geetika","last_name":"Khanna","domain_name":"ggsipu-in","page_name":"GeetikaKhanna","display_name":"Geetika Khanna","profile_url":"https://ggsipu-in.academia.edu/GeetikaKhanna?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29318985 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29318985"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29318985, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29318985", }); 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We conducted a prospective study of 38 patients who were diagnosed as having mucormycosis in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68351915" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mucormycosis is an emerging angioinvasive infection caused by the ubiquitous filamentous fungi of the Order Mucorales and class of Mucormycetes. We conducted a prospective study of 38 patients who were diagnosed as having mucormycosis in a tertiary care hospital during January 2010 to June 2011. The cases were analyzed regarding the site of involvement, underlying disease and species of fungi isolated, antifungal susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and outcome of therapy. The mean age of the patients was 40.43 years, with 72% male. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis (61.5%) was the most common presentation followed by cutaneous manifestations (31%), gastrointestinal symptoms (5%), and pulmonary (2.5%). Diabetes mellitus (56%) was the significant risk factor in rhino-orbito-cerebral presentation (OR = 7.55, P = 0.001). Among 23 culture isolates, Rhizopus arrhizus (37.5%) was the most common, followed by Apophysomyces variabilis (29.2%), Lichtheimia ramosa (16.7%), Rhizopus microsporus (4...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68351915" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="424131cd523478d18594468613ecc052" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78856413,"asset_id":68351915,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78856413/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38128214" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChanderJ">Jagdish Chander</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38128214" type="text/json">{"id":38128214,"first_name":"Jagdish","last_name":"Chander","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChanderJ","display_name":"Jagdish Chander","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChanderJ?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68351915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68351915"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68351915, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68351915", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68351915]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68351915").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68351915").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68351915"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10610" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Analysis">Survival Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10610" type="text/json">{"id":10610,"name":"Survival Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Analysis?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68351915]'), work: {"id":68351915,"title":"A prospective study of mucormycosis in north India: Experience from a tertiary care hospital","created_at":"2022-01-15T17:53:47.525-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68351915/A_prospective_study_of_mucormycosis_in_north_India_Experience_from_a_tertiary_care_hospital?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_68351915","summary":"Mucormycosis is an emerging angioinvasive infection caused by the ubiquitous filamentous fungi of the Order Mucorales and class of Mucormycetes. We conducted a prospective study of 38 patients who were diagnosed as having mucormycosis in a tertiary care hospital during January 2010 to June 2011. The cases were analyzed regarding the site of involvement, underlying disease and species of fungi isolated, antifungal susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and outcome of therapy. The mean age of the patients was 40.43 years, with 72% male. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis (61.5%) was the most common presentation followed by cutaneous manifestations (31%), gastrointestinal symptoms (5%), and pulmonary (2.5%). Diabetes mellitus (56%) was the significant risk factor in rhino-orbito-cerebral presentation (OR = 7.55, P = 0.001). Among 23 culture isolates, Rhizopus arrhizus (37.5%) was the most common, followed by Apophysomyces variabilis (29.2%), Lichtheimia ramosa (16.7%), Rhizopus microsporus (4...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78856413,"asset_id":68351915,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38128214,"first_name":"Jagdish","last_name":"Chander","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChanderJ","display_name":"Jagdish Chander","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChanderJ?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":10610,"name":"Survival Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Analysis?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=28594"},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=28594"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=28594"},{"id":141561,"name":"Mucormycosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mucormycosis?f_ri=28594"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=28594"},{"id":552209,"name":"Antifungal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":561014,"name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Sensitivity_Tests?f_ri=28594"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=28594"},{"id":654091,"name":"Debridement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debridement?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3451421" data-work_id="3451421" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3451421/Baz%C3%ADdiumos_nagygomb%C3%A1k_antioxid%C3%A1ns_hat%C3%A1s%C3%BA_bioakt%C3%ADv_anyagai">Bazídiumos nagygombák antioxidáns hatású bioaktív anyagai</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3451421" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83ccb680a18fba2de813453a07d3df81" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31212563,"asset_id":3451421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31212563/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="785975" href="https://hasppi.academia.edu/D%C3%A1nielKr%C3%BCzselyi">Dániel Krüzselyi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="785975" type="text/json">{"id":785975,"first_name":"Dániel","last_name":"Krüzselyi","domain_name":"hasppi","page_name":"DánielKrüzselyi","display_name":"Dániel Krüzselyi","profile_url":"https://hasppi.academia.edu/D%C3%A1nielKr%C3%BCzselyi?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/785975/266695/1865211/s65_d_niel.kr_zselyi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3451421 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3451421"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3451421, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3451421", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3451421]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3451421").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3451421").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3451421"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3451421]'), work: {"id":3451421,"title":"Bazídiumos nagygombák antioxidáns hatású bioaktív anyagai","created_at":"2013-05-02T18:22:35.778-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3451421/Baz%C3%ADdiumos_nagygomb%C3%A1k_antioxid%C3%A1ns_hat%C3%A1s%C3%BA_bioakt%C3%ADv_anyagai?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_3451421","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31212563,"asset_id":3451421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":785975,"first_name":"Dániel","last_name":"Krüzselyi","domain_name":"hasppi","page_name":"DánielKrüzselyi","display_name":"Dániel Krüzselyi","profile_url":"https://hasppi.academia.edu/D%C3%A1nielKr%C3%BCzselyi?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/785975/266695/1865211/s65_d_niel.kr_zselyi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45047693" data-work_id="45047693" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45047693/REVIEW_ARTICLE_on_Food_spoilage_in_seafood">REVIEW ARTICLE on Food spoilage in seafood</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Generally, spoilage of seafood can be caused by a process of deterioration in the fish which causes change in its appearance, odour and taste. We can say that breakdown of biomolecules like proteins and fats are naturally found in fish.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45047693" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Generally, spoilage of seafood can be caused by a process of deterioration in the fish which causes change in its appearance, odour and taste. We can say that breakdown of biomolecules like proteins and fats are naturally found in fish. Due to their high water content and pH, seafoods are highly perishable as a result of chemical, microbial and enzymatic activities. Specific spoilage organisms (SSO) are some bacteria present in seafood which have spoilage potential. Some common SSOs are from genera Shewanella (S. putrefaciens, S. baltica and S.proteamaculans). Pseudomonas (P. fragi, P. putida and P. fluorescent). Photobacterium (P. phosphoreum, P. illiopiscarium and P. kishitanii). Psychrobacter, Brochothrix, Pseudoalteromonas and Carnobacterium. We can detect the spoilage of seafood using methods like one step PCR, nested PCR/ RT PCR and real-time PCR. In advancements rapid diagnosis of the spoilage is also detected.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45047693" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6f470eb0df7f084d0561cd080bcee602" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65600767,"asset_id":45047693,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65600767/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="183647345" href="https://independent.academia.edu/niharikaarjun">niharika arjun</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="183647345" type="text/json">{"id":183647345,"first_name":"niharika","last_name":"arjun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"niharikaarjun","display_name":"niharika arjun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/niharikaarjun?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183647345/50865833/38911981/s65_niharika.arjun.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45047693 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45047693"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45047693, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45047693", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45047693]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45047693").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45047693").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45047693"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4711" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries">Fisheries</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4711" type="text/json">{"id":4711,"name":"Fisheries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23848" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaculture">Aquaculture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23848" type="text/json">{"id":23848,"name":"Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaculture?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45047693]'), work: {"id":45047693,"title":"REVIEW ARTICLE on Food spoilage in seafood","created_at":"2021-02-03T23:12:13.227-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45047693/REVIEW_ARTICLE_on_Food_spoilage_in_seafood?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_45047693","summary":"Generally, spoilage of seafood can be caused by a process of deterioration in the fish which causes change in its appearance, odour and taste. We can say that breakdown of biomolecules like proteins and fats are naturally found in fish. Due to their high water content and pH, seafoods are highly perishable as a result of chemical, microbial and enzymatic activities. Specific spoilage organisms (SSO) are some bacteria present in seafood which have spoilage potential. Some common SSOs are from genera Shewanella (S. putrefaciens, S. baltica and S.proteamaculans). Pseudomonas (P. fragi, P. putida and P. fluorescent). Photobacterium (P. phosphoreum, P. illiopiscarium and P. kishitanii). Psychrobacter, Brochothrix, Pseudoalteromonas and Carnobacterium. We can detect the spoilage of seafood using methods like one step PCR, nested PCR/ RT PCR and real-time PCR. In advancements rapid diagnosis of the spoilage is also detected.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65600767,"asset_id":45047693,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":183647345,"first_name":"niharika","last_name":"arjun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"niharikaarjun","display_name":"niharika arjun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/niharikaarjun?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183647345/50865833/38911981/s65_niharika.arjun.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":4711,"name":"Fisheries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":23848,"name":"Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaculture?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":374279,"name":"Food and Agriculture Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Agriculture_Microbiology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":624980,"name":"Plant Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Pathology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1395874,"name":"Plant Sciences and Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Sciences_and_Botany?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26018177" data-work_id="26018177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26018177/Mushrooms_vs_Mycelium_Choosing_the_Best_Medicinal">Mushrooms vs Mycelium- Choosing the Best 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data-card-contents-for-ri="209028" type="text/json">{"id":209028,"name":"Medicinal Mushrooms: Their Therapeutic Properties and Current Medical Usage with Special Emphasis on Cancer Treatments by Cancer Research UK (the American equivalent to the US National Cancer Institute), 2001.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicinal_Mushrooms_Their_Therapeutic_Properties_and_Current_Medical_Usage_with_Special_Emphasis_on-1?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26018177]'), work: {"id":26018177,"title":"Mushrooms vs Mycelium- Choosing the Best 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Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herbal_Medicine?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":125912,"name":"Medicinal mushrooms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicinal_mushrooms?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":209028,"name":"Medicinal Mushrooms: Their Therapeutic Properties and Current Medical Usage with Special Emphasis on Cancer Treatments by Cancer Research UK (the American equivalent to the US National Cancer Institute), 2001.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicinal_Mushrooms_Their_Therapeutic_Properties_and_Current_Medical_Usage_with_Special_Emphasis_on-1?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11498579" data-work_id="11498579" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498579/Monograph_on_the_genus_Penicillium">Monograph on the genus Penicillium</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Penicillium is a well known cosmopolitan genus of moulds that comprises more than 350 species playing various roles in natural ecosystems, agriculture and biotechnology. They have double faces, a good and beneficial one and a bad and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11498579" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Penicillium is a well known cosmopolitan genus of moulds that comprises more than 350 species playing various roles in natural ecosystems, agriculture and biotechnology. They have double faces, a good and beneficial one and a bad and economically destructive one. Examples of the beneficial roles are:  Penicillium chrysogenum produces the antibacterial  antibiotic penicillin, Penicillium griseofulvum  produces the antifungal antibiotic  griseofulvin, several Penicillium species produce anti-cancer substances such as Penicillium albocoremium (Andrastin A), P. decumbens (Bredenin). Penicillium roqueforti is used for the production of Roquefort cheese and Penicillium camemberti is used for the production of Camembert cheese. <br />Several Penicillium species produce enzymes that are used in industry, e.g. cellulases and xylanases  produced by Penicillium species have broad applications in food and feed, the textile industry, and the pulp and paper industries. Penicillium species are also used for biodegradation of oil and can be used in restoring the ecosystem when contaminated by oil. Peroxidase enzyme of Penicillium species  have potential biodegradable activities that degrade Amaranth dye, Orange G, heterocyclic dyes like, Azure B and Lip dye. Morepver, some species function as decomposers of dead materials  and can be used in recycling of  waste products. <br />Recently, Penicillium species, such as P.  aurantiogriseum, P. citrinum, and P. waksmanii,  are used for the eco-friendly biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles  from a solution of AuCl. Gold nanoparticles are formed fairly uniform with spherical shape with the Z-average diameter of 153.3 nm, 172 nm and 160.1 nm for the 3 species, respectively. <br />On the other hand, some species are known to cause  postharvest diseases, e.g. Penicillium expansum is one of the most prevalent post-harvest rots that infects apples. Although it is a major economic problem in apples, this plant pathogen can be isolated from a wide host range, including pears, strawberries, tomatoes, corn, and rice. This mould also produces the carcinogenic metabolite patulin, a neurotoxin that is harmful in apple juice and apple products.  patulin in food products is a health concern because many are consumed by young children. In addition, a second secondary metabolite citrinin is produced as well.  <br />Mould growth on citrus fruits during storage is a continuing problem that results in economic loss. Although several fungal species have been reported to be involved in the spoilage of citrus products, Penicillium digitatum (green mold) and Penicillium italicum (blue mold) are the primary organisms involved.<br /><br />Penicillium is one of the first fungi to grow on water-damaged materials and has been implicated in causing allergic reactions, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and a variety of severe lung complications. It may cause sarcoidosis, fibrosis, or allergic alveolitis in susceptible individuals, or patients who have been exposed over long periods of time, depending on the strain. P. oxalicum has also been reported to cause genital infection of water buffalo.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11498579" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="050b355b8ebe08a0ee9ebff26f898f48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37015221,"asset_id":11498579,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37015221/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3379036" href="https://cairo.academia.edu/MohamedRefai">Mohamed Refai</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3379036" type="text/json">{"id":3379036,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Refai","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"MohamedRefai","display_name":"Mohamed Refai","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/MohamedRefai?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3379036/1138697/1426650/s65_mohamed.refai.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11498579 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11498579"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11498579, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11498579", }); 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They have double faces, a good and beneficial one and a bad and economically destructive one. Examples of the beneficial roles are: Penicillium chrysogenum produces the antibacterial antibiotic penicillin, Penicillium griseofulvum produces the antifungal antibiotic griseofulvin, several Penicillium species produce anti-cancer substances such as Penicillium albocoremium (Andrastin A), P. decumbens (Bredenin). Penicillium roqueforti is used for the production of Roquefort cheese and Penicillium camemberti is used for the production of Camembert cheese. \nSeveral Penicillium species produce enzymes that are used in industry, e.g. cellulases and xylanases produced by Penicillium species have broad applications in food and feed, the textile industry, and the pulp and paper industries. Penicillium species are also used for biodegradation of oil and can be used in restoring the ecosystem when contaminated by oil. Peroxidase enzyme of Penicillium species have potential biodegradable activities that degrade Amaranth dye, Orange G, heterocyclic dyes like, Azure B and Lip dye. Morepver, some species function as decomposers of dead materials and can be used in recycling of waste products. \nRecently, Penicillium species, such as P. aurantiogriseum, P. citrinum, and P. waksmanii, are used for the eco-friendly biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles from a solution of AuCl. Gold nanoparticles are formed fairly uniform with spherical shape with the Z-average diameter of 153.3 nm, 172 nm and 160.1 nm for the 3 species, respectively. \nOn the other hand, some species are known to cause postharvest diseases, e.g. Penicillium expansum is one of the most prevalent post-harvest rots that infects apples. Although it is a major economic problem in apples, this plant pathogen can be isolated from a wide host range, including pears, strawberries, tomatoes, corn, and rice. This mould also produces the carcinogenic metabolite patulin, a neurotoxin that is harmful in apple juice and apple products. patulin in food products is a health concern because many are consumed by young children. In addition, a second secondary metabolite citrinin is produced as well. \nMould growth on citrus fruits during storage is a continuing problem that results in economic loss. Although several fungal species have been reported to be involved in the spoilage of citrus products, Penicillium digitatum (green mold) and Penicillium italicum (blue mold) are the primary organisms involved.\n\nPenicillium is one of the first fungi to grow on water-damaged materials and has been implicated in causing allergic reactions, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and a variety of severe lung complications. It may cause sarcoidosis, fibrosis, or allergic alveolitis in susceptible individuals, or patients who have been exposed over long periods of time, depending on the strain. P. oxalicum has also been reported to cause genital infection of water buffalo.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37015221,"asset_id":11498579,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3379036,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Refai","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"MohamedRefai","display_name":"Mohamed Refai","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/MohamedRefai?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3379036/1138697/1426650/s65_mohamed.refai.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":35601,"name":"Applied Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":251943,"name":"Molecular Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":1003726,"name":"Genomics Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1228206,"name":"Medical Mycology and Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology_and_Microbiology?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35185773 coauthored" data-work_id="35185773" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35185773/Monograph_On_Antifungals_A_guide_for_postgraduate_students_in_developing_countries_The_Ebers_Papyrus_Most_Famous_Plant_Medicine_Encyclopedia_Of_Ancient_Egypt">Monograph On Antifungals A guide for postgraduate students in developing countries The Ebers Papyrus – Most Famous Plant Medicine 'Encyclopedia' Of Ancient Egypt</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Contents 1. Introduction 5 2. Classification of antifungals 10 3. Targets of Antifungal Agents 26 4. Treatment of fungal infections 34 5. Antifungal Agents in Development 50 6. Antifungal resistance 58 7. Description of antifungals 72... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35185773" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Contents<br />1. Introduction 5<br />2. Classification of antifungals 10<br />3. Targets of Antifungal Agents 26<br />4. Treatment of fungal infections 34<br />5. Antifungal Agents in Development 50<br />6. Antifungal resistance 58<br />7. Description of antifungals 72<br />7.1. Polyene antifungals 72<br />7.2. Echinocardins 125<br />7.3. Azoles 155<br />7.4. Allylamine Derivatives 475<br />7.5. Fluoropyrimidines 489<br />7.6. Morpholine Derivatives 494<br />7.7. Thiocarbamates 501<br />7.8. Antifungal organic acids 505<br />7.9. Antifungal fatty acids 531<br />7.10. Antifungal Essential Oils 536<br />7.11. Phytoalexins  641<br />7.12. Antiungal Peptides 646<br />7.13. Boric Acid 668<br />7.14. Ciclopirox 675<br />7.15. Antifungal Metals 679<br />7.16. Miscellaneous antifungal chemicals 729</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35185773" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="edd94000cd6d77e2088aa4b26d4174b5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55046370,"asset_id":35185773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55046370/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3379036" href="https://cairo.academia.edu/MohamedRefai">Mohamed Refai</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3379036" type="text/json">{"id":3379036,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Refai","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"MohamedRefai","display_name":"Mohamed Refai","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/MohamedRefai?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3379036/1138697/1426650/s65_mohamed.refai.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35185773">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35185773"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/WaelTawakkol">Wael Tawakkol</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35185773'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35185773').html(); 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Fluoropyrimidines 489\n7.6. Morpholine Derivatives 494\n7.7. Thiocarbamates 501\n7.8. Antifungal organic acids 505\n7.9. Antifungal fatty acids 531\n7.10. Antifungal Essential Oils 536\n7.11. Phytoalexins 641\n7.12. Antiungal Peptides 646\n7.13. Boric Acid 668\n7.14. Ciclopirox 675\n7.15. Antifungal Metals 679\n7.16. Miscellaneous antifungal chemicals 729\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55046370,"asset_id":35185773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3379036,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Refai","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"MohamedRefai","display_name":"Mohamed Refai","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/MohamedRefai?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3379036/1138697/1426650/s65_mohamed.refai.jpg"},{"id":6715967,"first_name":"Wael","last_name":"Tawakkol","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WaelTawakkol","display_name":"Wael Tawakkol","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WaelTawakkol?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":379063,"name":"Antimycotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimycotics?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17349586" data-work_id="17349586" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17349586/Old_and_new_concepts_of_species_differentiation_in_Aspergillus">Old and new concepts of species differentiation in Aspergillus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The classification of the genus Aspergillus has been studied by many taxonomists. The most important monograph on which most taxonomies are derived from is strictly based on phenotypical characters. Later revisions of certain Aspergillus... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17349586" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The classification of the genus Aspergillus has been studied by many taxonomists. The most important monograph on which most taxonomies are derived from is strictly based on phenotypical characters. Later revisions of certain Aspergillus sections have been predominantly nomenclatural changes and primarily used morphological criteria. Many new taxa were added particularly in the genera Emericella and Neosartorya. Identification of the most common and often important species remains problematic due to the variability in the phenotypic characters. This has caused errors in the literature, especially concerning the links to mycotoxin formation. The new taxonomies are based on a polyphasic approach using phenotypical characters together with multigene DNA sequences. In a polyphasic approach micro-and macromorphology, physiology, metabolites produced and molecular data are all important, and in principle no particular method should be overemphasized. In particular extrolite profiles have proven to be specific for the taxa and this has contributed to a stable species concept, but DNA sequence data have also been very valuable in critical revisions of species and their taxonomy and phylogeny. Examples of new classifications for species in section Circumdati, Flavi, Fumigati and Nigri are presented. Although the polyphasic approach might reveal clear cut species, problems may arise for some species if they are to be separated based only on their microscopic features and few physiological features. Suggestions for new methods in order to carry out more fast and precise identifications will be discussed. Full genome sequencing and DNA arrays offers exciting new bases for identifying the Aspergilli, but recent methods based on image analysis of accurately fingerprinted phenotypes are also very promising. However both methods require a stable and well resolved taxonomy and nomenclature. Validated careful phenotypic classification (taxonomy) together with phylogenetic treatment of DNA sequence data is a prerequisite for reliable rapid identification methods and database formation. Concerning identification, DNA bar coding will be possible in the future, either based on molecular methods or certain phenotypic features.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17349586" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6cd21004457226725732caf014b85888" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39460109,"asset_id":17349586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39460109/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37069212" href="https://dtu.academia.edu/JensFrisvad">Jens Frisvad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37069212" type="text/json">{"id":37069212,"first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Frisvad","domain_name":"dtu","page_name":"JensFrisvad","display_name":"Jens Frisvad","profile_url":"https://dtu.academia.edu/JensFrisvad?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17349586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17349586"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17349586, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17349586", }); 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The most important monograph on which most taxonomies are derived from is strictly based on phenotypical characters. Later revisions of certain Aspergillus sections have been predominantly nomenclatural changes and primarily used morphological criteria. Many new taxa were added particularly in the genera Emericella and Neosartorya. Identification of the most common and often important species remains problematic due to the variability in the phenotypic characters. This has caused errors in the literature, especially concerning the links to mycotoxin formation. The new taxonomies are based on a polyphasic approach using phenotypical characters together with multigene DNA sequences. In a polyphasic approach micro-and macromorphology, physiology, metabolites produced and molecular data are all important, and in principle no particular method should be overemphasized. In particular extrolite profiles have proven to be specific for the taxa and this has contributed to a stable species concept, but DNA sequence data have also been very valuable in critical revisions of species and their taxonomy and phylogeny. Examples of new classifications for species in section Circumdati, Flavi, Fumigati and Nigri are presented. Although the polyphasic approach might reveal clear cut species, problems may arise for some species if they are to be separated based only on their microscopic features and few physiological features. Suggestions for new methods in order to carry out more fast and precise identifications will be discussed. Full genome sequencing and DNA arrays offers exciting new bases for identifying the Aspergilli, but recent methods based on image analysis of accurately fingerprinted phenotypes are also very promising. However both methods require a stable and well resolved taxonomy and nomenclature. Validated careful phenotypic classification (taxonomy) together with phylogenetic treatment of DNA sequence data is a prerequisite for reliable rapid identification methods and database formation. Concerning identification, DNA bar coding will be possible in the future, either based on molecular methods or certain phenotypic features.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39460109,"asset_id":17349586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37069212,"first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Frisvad","domain_name":"dtu","page_name":"JensFrisvad","display_name":"Jens Frisvad","profile_url":"https://dtu.academia.edu/JensFrisvad?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":9351,"name":"Image Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Image_Analysis?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":129386,"name":"DNA sequence design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_sequence_design?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":189566,"name":"DNA Array","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_Array?f_ri=28594"},{"id":443351,"name":"Polyphasic Taxonomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyphasic_Taxonomy?f_ri=28594"},{"id":732028,"name":"Genome sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genome_sequence?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2155163,"name":"New Taxa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Taxa?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35636211" data-work_id="35636211" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35636211/MIKOLOGI_HISTOPLASMOSIS_pdf">MIKOLOGI HISTOPLASMOSIS.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35636211" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb90da39497d7cedb2e8f85f20cd8263" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55505385,"asset_id":35636211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55505385/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30718418" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MuhReza1">Muh Reza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30718418" type="text/json">{"id":30718418,"first_name":"Muh","last_name":"Reza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MuhReza1","display_name":"Muh Reza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MuhReza1?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30718418/8953006/12109575/s65_muh.reza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35636211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35636211"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35636211, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35636211", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35636211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35636211; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35636211"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35636211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35636211"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35636211; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35636211]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35636211").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35636211").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35636211"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology">Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="160" type="text/json">{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35636211]'), work: {"id":35636211,"title":"MIKOLOGI HISTOPLASMOSIS.pdf","created_at":"2018-01-10T17:01:52.210-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35636211/MIKOLOGI_HISTOPLASMOSIS_pdf?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_35636211","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55505385,"asset_id":35636211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30718418,"first_name":"Muh","last_name":"Reza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MuhReza1","display_name":"Muh Reza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MuhReza1?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30718418/8953006/12109575/s65_muh.reza.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45047669" data-work_id="45047669" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45047669/REVIEW_ARTICLE_on_Food_spoilage_in_seafood">REVIEW ARTICLE on Food spoilage in seafood</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Generally, spoilage of seafood can be caused by a process of deterioration in the fish which causes change in its appearance, odour and taste. We can say that breakdown of biomolecules like proteins and fats are naturally found in fish.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45047669" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Generally, spoilage of seafood can be caused by a process of deterioration in the fish which causes change in its appearance, odour and taste. We can say that breakdown of biomolecules like proteins and fats are naturally found in fish. Due to their high water content and pH, seafoods are highly perishable as a result of chemical, microbial and enzymatic activities. Specific spoilage organisms (SSO) are some bacteria present in seafood which have spoilage potential. Some common SSOs are from genera Shewanella (S. putrefaciens, S. baltica and S.proteamaculans). Pseudomonas (P. fragi, P. putida and P. fluorescent). Photobacterium (P. phosphoreum, P. illiopiscarium and P. kishitanii). Psychrobacter, Brochothrix, Pseudoalteromonas and Carnobacterium. We can detect the spoilage of seafood using methods like one step PCR, nested PCR/ RT PCR and real-time PCR. In advancements rapid diagnosis of the spoilage is also detected.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45047669" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="66739f92676a9235dd9a957b5952b2c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65600748,"asset_id":45047669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65600748/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="183647345" href="https://independent.academia.edu/niharikaarjun">niharika arjun</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="183647345" type="text/json">{"id":183647345,"first_name":"niharika","last_name":"arjun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"niharikaarjun","display_name":"niharika arjun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/niharikaarjun?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183647345/50865833/38911981/s65_niharika.arjun.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45047669 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45047669"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45047669, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45047669", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45047669]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45047669").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45047669").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45047669"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_biotechnology">Plant biotechnology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18225" type="text/json">{"id":18225,"name":"Plant biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_biotechnology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31632" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Microbiology">Food Microbiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="31632" type="text/json">{"id":31632,"name":"Food Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45047669]'), work: {"id":45047669,"title":"REVIEW ARTICLE on Food spoilage in seafood","created_at":"2021-02-03T23:08:25.232-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45047669/REVIEW_ARTICLE_on_Food_spoilage_in_seafood?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_45047669","summary":"Generally, spoilage of seafood can be caused by a process of deterioration in the fish which causes change in its appearance, odour and taste. We can say that breakdown of biomolecules like proteins and fats are naturally found in fish. Due to their high water content and pH, seafoods are highly perishable as a result of chemical, microbial and enzymatic activities. Specific spoilage organisms (SSO) are some bacteria present in seafood which have spoilage potential. Some common SSOs are from genera Shewanella (S. putrefaciens, S. baltica and S.proteamaculans). Pseudomonas (P. fragi, P. putida and P. fluorescent). Photobacterium (P. phosphoreum, P. illiopiscarium and P. kishitanii). Psychrobacter, Brochothrix, Pseudoalteromonas and Carnobacterium. We can detect the spoilage of seafood using methods like one step PCR, nested PCR/ RT PCR and real-time PCR. In advancements rapid diagnosis of the spoilage is also detected.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65600748,"asset_id":45047669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":183647345,"first_name":"niharika","last_name":"arjun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"niharikaarjun","display_name":"niharika arjun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/niharikaarjun?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183647345/50865833/38911981/s65_niharika.arjun.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":18225,"name":"Plant biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_biotechnology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":31632,"name":"Food Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":471441,"name":"Animal Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Sciences?f_ri=28594"},{"id":623384,"name":"Plant Science and Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Science_and_Biotechnology?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39008949" data-work_id="39008949" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39008949/LABORATORY_DIAGNOSIS_OF_THE_CAUSATIVE_DERMATOPHYTES_OF_TINEA_CAPITIS">LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF THE CAUSATIVE DERMATOPHYTES OF TINEA CAPITIS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Most laboratories do not perform mycologic examinations for diagnosis of tinea capitis because laboratory practitioners still believe that mycological procedures are too difficult to do and that the fungi are too infectious to handle... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39008949" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Most laboratories do not perform mycologic examinations for diagnosis of tinea capitis because laboratory practitioners still believe that mycological procedures are too difficult to do and that the fungi are too infectious to handle require specialized mycologist. This discussion presents conventional and modern methods suitable for use in laboratories of all sizes especially laboratories with limited resources. It is hoped that laboratories will take the initiative in offering diagnostic mycology services for Tinea capitis routinely to be both a rewarding experience to those who choose to become involved and provides an accurate diagnostic services for patients care and professional support and response to the requested tests by clinicians.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39008949" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1de21d460a08bb1a250105032073b6e0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59117332,"asset_id":39008949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59117332/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="111491911" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohammedKhalid69">Mohammed Khalid</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="111491911" type="text/json">{"id":111491911,"first_name":"Mohammed","last_name":"Khalid","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammedKhalid69","display_name":"Mohammed Khalid","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammedKhalid69?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111491911/27470020/25816761/s65_mohammed.khalid.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39008949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39008949"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39008949, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39008949", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39008949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39008949; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39008949"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39008949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39008949"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39008949; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39008949]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39008949").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39008949").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39008949"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40570" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Laboratory">Clinical Laboratory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40570" type="text/json">{"id":40570,"name":"Clinical Laboratory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Laboratory?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1143219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dermatophytes">Dermatophytes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1143219" type="text/json">{"id":1143219,"name":"Dermatophytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dermatophytes?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39008949]'), work: {"id":39008949,"title":"LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF THE CAUSATIVE DERMATOPHYTES OF TINEA CAPITIS","created_at":"2019-05-03T03:28:55.446-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39008949/LABORATORY_DIAGNOSIS_OF_THE_CAUSATIVE_DERMATOPHYTES_OF_TINEA_CAPITIS?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_39008949","summary":"Most laboratories do not perform mycologic examinations for diagnosis of tinea capitis because laboratory practitioners still believe that mycological procedures are too difficult to do and that the fungi are too infectious to handle require specialized mycologist. This discussion presents conventional and modern methods suitable for use in laboratories of all sizes especially laboratories with limited resources. It is hoped that laboratories will take the initiative in offering diagnostic mycology services for Tinea capitis routinely to be both a rewarding experience to those who choose to become involved and provides an accurate diagnostic services for patients care and professional support and response to the requested tests by clinicians.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59117332,"asset_id":39008949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":111491911,"first_name":"Mohammed","last_name":"Khalid","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammedKhalid69","display_name":"Mohammed Khalid","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammedKhalid69?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111491911/27470020/25816761/s65_mohammed.khalid.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":40570,"name":"Clinical Laboratory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Laboratory?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":1143219,"name":"Dermatophytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dermatophytes?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":3222929,"name":"tinea capitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/tinea_capitis?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27785330" data-work_id="27785330" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27785330/Foliculite_por_pitirosporum_Piel_Latinoamericana_A%C3%91O_XII_EDICION_396_12_de_Agosto_de_2016">Foliculite por pitirosporum Piel Latinoamericana AÑO XII - EDICION 396 | 12 de Agosto de 2016</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Malassezia furfur não é responsável apenas por Pitiriase Versicolor. Patologias de pele mais raras e pouco lembradas, provocadas por esse fungo oportunista são a foliculite, a papilomatose reticulada e confluente de Gougerot-Carteaud, a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27785330" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Malassezia furfur não é responsável apenas por Pitiriase Versicolor. Patologias de pele mais raras e pouco lembradas, provocadas por esse fungo oportunista são a foliculite, a papilomatose reticulada e confluente de Gougerot-Carteaud, a dermatite seborréica, e até onicomicose.<br /><br />Usualmente são causadas pela colonização da camada córnea pelo fungo, que é parte da flora normal da pele. O aumento da secreção de sebo que ocorre em adultos jovens facilita a disseminação, já que é fungo lipofílico. Necessita estrato córneo e ácidos graxos livres e triglicerídeos do sebo para sua multiplicação. Na fase levedura, pode ter formas ovóide e esférica, daí a variação de denominação: Pityrosporum ovale e Pityrosporum orbiculare. Uma forma pode se transformar na outra.<br /><br />Apresentamos um caso de adolescente sadia , não-diabetica, imunocompetente, de 17 anos com foliculite pitirospórica – ou foliculite por Malassezia. A queixa principal era de ” acne ” e já havia recebido medicação tópica anti-acneica, sem no entanto apresentar melhora. Com Itraconazol 200 mg / dia apresentou rápida resolução das lesões.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27785330" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6515d15e2cc8928117eaf337d7f2036b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48065784,"asset_id":27785330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48065784/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20183044" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CesarBimbi">Cesar Bimbi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20183044" type="text/json">{"id":20183044,"first_name":"Cesar","last_name":"Bimbi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CesarBimbi","display_name":"Cesar Bimbi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CesarBimbi?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20183044/5655683/6434450/s65_cesar.bimbi"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27785330 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27785330"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27785330, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27785330", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27785330 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27785330; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27785330"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27785330 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27785330"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27785330; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27785330]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27785330").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27785330").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27785330"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27785330]'), work: {"id":27785330,"title":"Foliculite por pitirosporum Piel Latinoamericana AÑO XII - EDICION 396 | 12 de Agosto de 2016","created_at":"2016-08-15T06:29:11.059-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27785330/Foliculite_por_pitirosporum_Piel_Latinoamericana_A%C3%91O_XII_EDICION_396_12_de_Agosto_de_2016?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_27785330","summary":"Malassezia furfur não é responsável apenas por Pitiriase Versicolor. Patologias de pele mais raras e pouco lembradas, provocadas por esse fungo oportunista são a foliculite, a papilomatose reticulada e confluente de Gougerot-Carteaud, a dermatite seborréica, e até onicomicose.\n\nUsualmente são causadas pela colonização da camada córnea pelo fungo, que é parte da flora normal da pele. O aumento da secreção de sebo que ocorre em adultos jovens facilita a disseminação, já que é fungo lipofílico. Necessita estrato córneo e ácidos graxos livres e triglicerídeos do sebo para sua multiplicação. Na fase levedura, pode ter formas ovóide e esférica, daí a variação de denominação: Pityrosporum ovale e Pityrosporum orbiculare. Uma forma pode se transformar na outra.\n\nApresentamos um caso de adolescente sadia , não-diabetica, imunocompetente, de 17 anos com foliculite pitirospórica – ou foliculite por Malassezia. A queixa principal era de ” acne ” e já havia recebido medicação tópica anti-acneica, sem no entanto apresentar melhora. Com Itraconazol 200 mg / dia apresentou rápida resolução das lesões.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48065784,"asset_id":27785330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20183044,"first_name":"Cesar","last_name":"Bimbi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CesarBimbi","display_name":"Cesar Bimbi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CesarBimbi?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20183044/5655683/6434450/s65_cesar.bimbi"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15873300" data-work_id="15873300" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15873300/Acremonium_phylogenetic_overview_and_revision_of_Gliomastix_Sarocladium_and_Trichothecium">Acremonium phylogenetic overview and revision of Gliomastix, Sarocladium, and Trichothecium.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15873300" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based identification. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that within the Hypocreales, there are two major clusters containing multiple Acremonium species. One clade contains Acremonium sclerotigenum, the genus Emericellopsis, and the genus Geosmithia as prominent elements. The second clade contains the genera Gliomastix sensu stricto and Bionectria. In addition, there are numerous smaller clades plus two multi-species clades, one containing Acremonium strictum and the type species of the genus Sarocladium, and, as seen in the combined SSU/LSU analysis, one associated subclade containing Acremonium breve and related species plus Acremonium curvulum and related species. This sequence information allows the revision of three genera. Gliomastix is revived for five species, G. murorum, G. polychroma, G. tumulicola, G. roseogrisea, and G. masseei. Sarocladium is extended to include all members of the phylogenetically distinct A. strictum clade including the medically important A. kiliense and the protective maize endophyte A. zeae. Also included in Sarocladium are members of the phylogenetically delimited Acremonium bacillisporum clade, closely linked to the A. strictum clade. The genus Trichothecium is revised following the principles of unitary nomenclature based on the oldest valid anamorph or teleomorph name, and new combinations are made in Trichothecium for the tightly interrelated Acremonium crotocinigenum, Spicellum roseum, and teleomorph Leucosphaerina indica. Outside the Hypocreales, numerous Acremonium-like species fall into the Plectosphaerellaceae, and A. atrogriseum falls into the Cephalothecaceae.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15873300" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="221a34f4ecff9ef811ba70d60be98fdf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38816945,"asset_id":15873300,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38816945/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35045504" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/RichardSummerbell">Richard Summerbell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35045504" type="text/json">{"id":35045504,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Summerbell","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"RichardSummerbell","display_name":"Richard Summerbell","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/RichardSummerbell?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35045504/17938095/17951400/s65_richard.summerbell.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15873300 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15873300"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15873300, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15873300", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15873300]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15873300").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15873300").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15873300"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany">Botany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="148" type="text/json">{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology">Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="160" type="text/json">{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology">Mycology and Plant pathology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11228" type="text/json">{"id":11228,"name":"Mycology and Plant pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15873300]'), work: {"id":15873300,"title":"Acremonium phylogenetic overview and revision of Gliomastix, Sarocladium, and Trichothecium.","created_at":"2015-09-18T17:52:27.943-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15873300/Acremonium_phylogenetic_overview_and_revision_of_Gliomastix_Sarocladium_and_Trichothecium?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_15873300","summary":"Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based identification. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that within the Hypocreales, there are two major clusters containing multiple Acremonium species. One clade contains Acremonium sclerotigenum, the genus Emericellopsis, and the genus Geosmithia as prominent elements. The second clade contains the genera Gliomastix sensu stricto and Bionectria. In addition, there are numerous smaller clades plus two multi-species clades, one containing Acremonium strictum and the type species of the genus Sarocladium, and, as seen in the combined SSU/LSU analysis, one associated subclade containing Acremonium breve and related species plus Acremonium curvulum and related species. This sequence information allows the revision of three genera. Gliomastix is revived for five species, G. murorum, G. polychroma, G. tumulicola, G. roseogrisea, and G. masseei. Sarocladium is extended to include all members of the phylogenetically distinct A. strictum clade including the medically important A. kiliense and the protective maize endophyte A. zeae. Also included in Sarocladium are members of the phylogenetically delimited Acremonium bacillisporum clade, closely linked to the A. strictum clade. The genus Trichothecium is revised following the principles of unitary nomenclature based on the oldest valid anamorph or teleomorph name, and new combinations are made in Trichothecium for the tightly interrelated Acremonium crotocinigenum, Spicellum roseum, and teleomorph Leucosphaerina indica. Outside the Hypocreales, numerous Acremonium-like species fall into the Plectosphaerellaceae, and A. atrogriseum falls into the Cephalothecaceae.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38816945,"asset_id":15873300,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35045504,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Summerbell","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"RichardSummerbell","display_name":"Richard Summerbell","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/RichardSummerbell?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35045504/17938095/17951400/s65_richard.summerbell.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":11228,"name":"Mycology and Plant pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":35601,"name":"Applied Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":251943,"name":"Molecular Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":257496,"name":"Aerobiology/allergy/mycology/pollen Monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerobiology_allergy_mycology_pollen_Monitoring?f_ri=28594"},{"id":835997,"name":"Mycology, Human and Animal Fungal Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_Human_and_Animal_Fungal_Diseases?f_ri=28594"},{"id":971355,"name":"Mycology: Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_Diversity?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1003726,"name":"Genomics Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1228206,"name":"Medical Mycology and Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology_and_Microbiology?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4262084" data-work_id="4262084" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4262084/Investigation_of_immunophenotype_lymphocytes_and_cytokine_production_in_candidal_vulvovaginitis_in_adolescent_girls">Investigation of immunophenotype lymphocytes and cytokine production in candidal vulvovaginitis in adolescent girls</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: Madurella mycetomatis is the most prevalent causa- tive agent of eumycetoma. This chronic, granulomatous infection is frequently found in the lower extremities, initially as a small subcutaneous nodule, which slowly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4262084" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: Madurella mycetomatis is the most prevalent causa- tive agent of eumycetoma. This chronic, granulomatous infection is frequently found in the lower extremities, initially as a small subcutaneous nodule, which slowly progresses into swollen lesions and sinuses that discharge black grains. To date, treatment of eumycetoma in endemic areas still consists of a combination of extensive surgery with removal of infected tissue or amputation of the limb and prolonged antifungal therapy with ketoconazole or itraconazole. Although successful cases have been reported, eumycetoma is associated with high recurrence rates, even after amputation of the affected limb. Isavuconazole is an intravenous and oral broad-spectrum triazole, currently studied in Phase III trials, which has predictable dose proportional pharmacokinetics, a long plasma half-life, good tissue penetration and is shown to have good in vitro antifungal activity to several other causative agents of black-grain mycetoma. Previous in vitro studies have shown that M. mycetomatis is susceptible to several azoles. Therefore, the antifungal activity to M. mycetomatis of the new azole isavuconazole (BAL4815) was explored. Methods: In this study, the susceptibility of 22 M. mycetomatis isolates (obtained from 21 patients in the Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Sudan in 1999 and 2000) to isavuconazole was determined. A standardized hyphal suspension of M. mycetomatis was prepared in RPMI and exposed to 0.031-16 lg ml -1 of isavuconazole, ketoconazole or itraconazole for 7 days at 37°C. To facilitate endpoint reading 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) was added. Results: MICs ranged from 0.031-1 lg ml -1 , from £0.016 -0.25 lg ml -1 , and from £0.016 -0.125 lg ml -1 for ketoconazole, itraconazole, and isavuconazole, respectively. The MIC 90 of isavuconazole was 0.063 lg ml -1 , which was lower than the MIC 90 of ketoconazole (0.25 lg ml -1 ) and itraconazole (0.125 lg ml -1 ). In vitro, M. mycetomatis appears to be highly susceptible to isavuconazole. These properties make isavuconazole a potentially promising antifungal agent in the treatment of mycetoma caused by M. mycetomatis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4262084" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d2309b15bc9fbab040f1ded63b7133e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31737729,"asset_id":4262084,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31737729/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5163546" href="https://tma.academia.edu/UktamZiyadullaev">Uktam Ziyadullaev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5163546" type="text/json">{"id":5163546,"first_name":"Uktam","last_name":"Ziyadullaev","domain_name":"tma","page_name":"UktamZiyadullaev","display_name":"Uktam Ziyadullaev","profile_url":"https://tma.academia.edu/UktamZiyadullaev?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5163546/2270942/3532852/s65_uktam.ziyadullaev.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4262084 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4262084"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4262084, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4262084", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4262084 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4262084; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4262084"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4262084 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4262084"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4262084; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4262084]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4262084").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4262084").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4262084"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4262084]'), work: {"id":4262084,"title":"Investigation of immunophenotype lymphocytes and cytokine production in candidal vulvovaginitis in adolescent girls","created_at":"2013-08-17T14:55:15.046-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4262084/Investigation_of_immunophenotype_lymphocytes_and_cytokine_production_in_candidal_vulvovaginitis_in_adolescent_girls?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_4262084","summary":"Introduction: Madurella mycetomatis is the most prevalent causa- tive agent of eumycetoma. This chronic, granulomatous infection is frequently found in the lower extremities, initially as a small subcutaneous nodule, which slowly progresses into swollen lesions and sinuses that discharge black grains. To date, treatment of eumycetoma in endemic areas still consists of a combination of extensive surgery with removal of infected tissue or amputation of the limb and prolonged antifungal therapy with ketoconazole or itraconazole. Although successful cases have been reported, eumycetoma is associated with high recurrence rates, even after amputation of the affected limb. Isavuconazole is an intravenous and oral broad-spectrum triazole, currently studied in Phase III trials, which has predictable dose proportional pharmacokinetics, a long plasma half-life, good tissue penetration and is shown to have good in vitro antifungal activity to several other causative agents of black-grain mycetoma. Previous in vitro studies have shown that M. mycetomatis is susceptible to several azoles. Therefore, the antifungal activity to M. mycetomatis of the new azole isavuconazole (BAL4815) was explored. Methods: In this study, the susceptibility of 22 M. mycetomatis isolates (obtained from 21 patients in the Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Sudan in 1999 and 2000) to isavuconazole was determined. A standardized hyphal suspension of M. mycetomatis was prepared in RPMI and exposed to 0.031-16 lg ml -1 of isavuconazole, ketoconazole or itraconazole for 7 days at 37°C. To facilitate endpoint reading 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) was added. Results: MICs ranged from 0.031-1 lg ml -1 , from £0.016 -0.25 lg ml -1 , and from £0.016 -0.125 lg ml -1 for ketoconazole, itraconazole, and isavuconazole, respectively. The MIC 90 of isavuconazole was 0.063 lg ml -1 , which was lower than the MIC 90 of ketoconazole (0.25 lg ml -1 ) and itraconazole (0.125 lg ml -1 ). In vitro, M. mycetomatis appears to be highly susceptible to isavuconazole. These properties make isavuconazole a potentially promising antifungal agent in the treatment of mycetoma caused by M. mycetomatis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31737729,"asset_id":4262084,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5163546,"first_name":"Uktam","last_name":"Ziyadullaev","domain_name":"tma","page_name":"UktamZiyadullaev","display_name":"Uktam Ziyadullaev","profile_url":"https://tma.academia.edu/UktamZiyadullaev?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5163546/2270942/3532852/s65_uktam.ziyadullaev.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35636210" data-work_id="35636210" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35636210/MIKOLOGI_HISTOPLASMOSIS_DESIMINATA_pdf">MIKOLOGI HISTOPLASMOSIS DESIMINATA.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35636210" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="94fdcd007b54eb91f4d6089e5b31f3a8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55505384,"asset_id":35636210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55505384/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30718418" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MuhReza1">Muh Reza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30718418" type="text/json">{"id":30718418,"first_name":"Muh","last_name":"Reza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MuhReza1","display_name":"Muh Reza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MuhReza1?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30718418/8953006/12109575/s65_muh.reza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35636210 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35636210"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35636210, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35636210", }); 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class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32207341" href="https://ufv-br.academia.edu/LeandroOliveira">Leandro L Oliveira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32207341" type="text/json">{"id":32207341,"first_name":"Leandro","last_name":"Oliveira","domain_name":"ufv-br","page_name":"LeandroOliveira","display_name":"Leandro L Oliveira","profile_url":"https://ufv-br.academia.edu/LeandroOliveira?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32207341/142494387/131997308/s65_leandro.oliveira.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14331282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14331282"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14331282]'), work: {"id":14331282,"title":"Protection against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection conferred by the prophylactic administration of native and recombinant 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Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":9111,"name":"Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":93922,"name":"Nitric oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitric_oxide?f_ri=28594"},{"id":114439,"name":"Chemoprevention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemoprevention?f_ri=28594"},{"id":138998,"name":"Lectins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lectins?f_ri=28594"},{"id":197297,"name":"Lung","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lung?f_ri=28594"},{"id":386438,"name":"Seeds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seeds?f_ri=28594"},{"id":552209,"name":"Antifungal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":990417,"name":"Recombinant Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recombinant_Proteins?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1029960,"name":"Artocarpus Integer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artocarpus_Integer?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1369489,"name":"Paracoccidioides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paracoccidioides?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2036633,"name":"Medical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25223375" data-work_id="25223375" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25223375/Custingophora_lignicola_sp_nov_and_Chaetopsina_indica_sp_nov_from_India">Custingophora lignicola sp. nov. and Chaetopsina indica sp. nov. from India</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Custingophora lignicola sp. nov. and Chaetopsina indica sp. nov. are described from Bhadrachalam forest area of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. C. lignicola is characterized by long, wavy conidiophores with short, cylindric... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25223375" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Custingophora lignicola sp. nov. and Chaetopsina indica sp. nov. are described from Bhadrachalam forest area of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. C. lignicola is characterized by long, wavy conidiophores with short, cylindric conidia. C. indica is distinguished by clavate conidiogenous cells borne directly on the setose conidiophores and cylindro-fusoid conidia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25223375" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="118158095256fb11285e735036b09691" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45533082,"asset_id":25223375,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45533082/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16323509" href="https://osmania.academia.edu/DrDNagaraju">Dr.D. Nagaraju</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16323509" type="text/json">{"id":16323509,"first_name":"Dr.D.","last_name":"Nagaraju","domain_name":"osmania","page_name":"DrDNagaraju","display_name":"Dr.D. Nagaraju","profile_url":"https://osmania.academia.edu/DrDNagaraju?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16323509/15258748/138633255/s65_dr.d..nagaraju.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25223375 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25223375"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25223375, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25223375", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25223375 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25223375; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25223375"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25223375 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25223375"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25223375; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25223375]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25223375").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25223375").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25223375"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology">Mycology and Plant pathology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11228" type="text/json">{"id":11228,"name":"Mycology and Plant pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15019" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicinal_Plants">Medicinal Plants</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15019" type="text/json">{"id":15019,"name":"Medicinal Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicinal_Plants?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_biotechnology">Plant biotechnology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18225" type="text/json">{"id":18225,"name":"Plant biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_biotechnology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25657" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Molecular_Biology">Plant Molecular Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25657" type="text/json">{"id":25657,"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Molecular_Biology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25223375]'), work: {"id":25223375,"title":"Custingophora lignicola sp. nov. and Chaetopsina indica sp. nov. from India","created_at":"2016-05-11T02:04:25.662-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25223375/Custingophora_lignicola_sp_nov_and_Chaetopsina_indica_sp_nov_from_India?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_25223375","summary":"Custingophora lignicola sp. nov. and Chaetopsina indica sp. nov. are described from Bhadrachalam forest area of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. C. lignicola is characterized by long, wavy conidiophores with short, cylindric conidia. C. indica is distinguished by clavate conidiogenous cells borne directly on the setose conidiophores and cylindro-fusoid conidia.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45533082,"asset_id":25223375,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16323509,"first_name":"Dr.D.","last_name":"Nagaraju","domain_name":"osmania","page_name":"DrDNagaraju","display_name":"Dr.D. Nagaraju","profile_url":"https://osmania.academia.edu/DrDNagaraju?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16323509/15258748/138633255/s65_dr.d..nagaraju.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11228,"name":"Mycology and Plant pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":15019,"name":"Medicinal Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicinal_Plants?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":18225,"name":"Plant biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_biotechnology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":25657,"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Molecular_Biology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":35601,"name":"Applied Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":88740,"name":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arbuscular_mycorrhizal_fungi?f_ri=28594"},{"id":217190,"name":"Seed Pathology and Mycotoxins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_Pathology_and_Mycotoxins?f_ri=28594"},{"id":624980,"name":"Plant Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Pathology?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18594032" data-work_id="18594032" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18594032/Onychomycosis_Caused_by_Rhodotorula_glutinis_A_Case_Report">Onychomycosis Caused by Rhodotorula glutinis: A Case Report</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Rhodotorula species is generally not considered pathogenic in immunocompetent individuals, though cases with Rhodotorula infections have been reported in immunocompromised patients and patients on central venous catheter. The current... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18594032" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Rhodotorula species is generally not considered pathogenic in immunocompetent<br />individuals, though cases with Rhodotorula infections have been reported in<br />immunocompromised patients and patients on central venous catheter. The current<br />study reports a case of onychomycosis in an immunocompetent 63 years old male. The causative agent was identified as R. glutinis by pinkish-orange color, mucoid- appearing yeast colonies on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, oval budding yeast cells<br />with no pseudohyphae on corn-meal agar tween-80, urease test positive and sugar<br />assimilation tests. Positive nitrate assimilation differentiates it from R.<br />mucilaginosa. Antifungal susceptibility testing by using CLSI M44 A-2 disc<br />diffusion method showed the isolate is sensitive to voriconazole, ketoconazole, nystatin, and amphotericin-B and resistant for fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole and clotrimazole.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18594032" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="227b65f83735135aea9136cd8329dd6c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40147289,"asset_id":18594032,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40147289/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21709104" href="https://rajasthan.academia.edu/VinodMaurya">Vinod Maurya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21709104" type="text/json">{"id":21709104,"first_name":"Vinod","last_name":"Maurya","domain_name":"rajasthan","page_name":"VinodMaurya","display_name":"Vinod Maurya","profile_url":"https://rajasthan.academia.edu/VinodMaurya?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21709104/5967183/6772681/s65_vinod.maurya.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18594032 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18594032"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18594032, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18594032", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18594032 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18594032; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18594032"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18594032 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18594032"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18594032; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18594032]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18594032").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18594032").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18594032"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18594032]'), work: {"id":18594032,"title":"Onychomycosis Caused by Rhodotorula glutinis: A Case Report","created_at":"2015-11-18T09:21:15.476-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18594032/Onychomycosis_Caused_by_Rhodotorula_glutinis_A_Case_Report?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_18594032","summary":"Rhodotorula species is generally not considered pathogenic in immunocompetent\nindividuals, though cases with Rhodotorula infections have been reported in\nimmunocompromised patients and patients on central venous catheter. The current\nstudy reports a case of onychomycosis in an immunocompetent 63 years old male. The causative agent was identified as R. glutinis by pinkish-orange color, mucoid- appearing yeast colonies on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, oval budding yeast cells\nwith no pseudohyphae on corn-meal agar tween-80, urease test positive and sugar\nassimilation tests. Positive nitrate assimilation differentiates it from R.\nmucilaginosa. Antifungal susceptibility testing by using CLSI M44 A-2 disc\ndiffusion method showed the isolate is sensitive to voriconazole, ketoconazole, nystatin, and amphotericin-B and resistant for fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole and clotrimazole.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40147289,"asset_id":18594032,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21709104,"first_name":"Vinod","last_name":"Maurya","domain_name":"rajasthan","page_name":"VinodMaurya","display_name":"Vinod Maurya","profile_url":"https://rajasthan.academia.edu/VinodMaurya?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21709104/5967183/6772681/s65_vinod.maurya.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8945965" data-work_id="8945965" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8945965/An_overview_of_invasive_fungal_infections_in_immunocompromised_hosts">An overview of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT Background: With the advances in medical care, invasive fungal infections possess a significant health problem especially in immunocompromised patients. These infections have varied aetiological agents which are commonly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8945965" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT <br /> <br />Background: With the advances in medical care, invasive fungal <br />infections possess a significant health problem especially in <br />immunocompromised patients. These infections have varied aetiological <br />agents which are commonly found in soil, water, plant debris and organic <br />substrates. Aim: The overview of different fungal aetiological agents, <br />newer and rapid diagnostic modalities and overall treatment and <br />prevention options available is presented in this article. Methods: <br />Literature search was performed in PubMed by using MeSH terms <br />‘mycoses’ and ‘immunocompromised host’. Only relevant review articles <br />published within the last five years were considered. Google Scholar <br />search engine was also used. Results: Common invasive fungi include <br />Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., Aspergillus spp., Trichosporon spp., <br />Rhodotorula spp., Fusarium spp., Mucormycotina, Pheohyphomycosis <br />spp., Pneumocystis jirovecii, Scedosporium spp., and endemic mycoses <br />such as Penicillium, Histoplasma and Blastomyces. A high degree of <br />suspicion is required for early diagnosis and optimal management of these <br />infections. Conclusion: Early and rapid diagnosis of causative fungal <br />agents is required so that appropriate treatment can be initiated. Adequate <br />preventive measures must be applied in an immunocompromised host that <br />can prevent development of drug resistant super-infections. <br /> <br />Key words: Invasive fungal infections, immunocompromised patients, <br />rapid diagnosis, treatment, prevention</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8945965" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a630d2d3234df4ac1e695e6d7e375233" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35266127,"asset_id":8945965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35266127/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4130648" href="https://utkal-university.academia.edu/MuktikeshDash">Muktikesh Dash</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4130648" type="text/json">{"id":4130648,"first_name":"Muktikesh","last_name":"Dash","domain_name":"utkal-university","page_name":"MuktikeshDash","display_name":"Muktikesh Dash","profile_url":"https://utkal-university.academia.edu/MuktikeshDash?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4130648/1602433/6299728/s65_muktikesh.dash.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8945965 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8945965"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8945965, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8945965", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8945965 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8945965; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8945965"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8945965 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8945965"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8945965; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8945965]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8945965").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8945965").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8945965"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8945965]'), work: {"id":8945965,"title":"An overview of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts","created_at":"2014-10-24T11:56:15.515-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8945965/An_overview_of_invasive_fungal_infections_in_immunocompromised_hosts?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_8945965","summary":"ABSTRACT\r\n\r\nBackground: With the advances in medical care, invasive fungal\r\ninfections possess a significant health problem especially in\r\nimmunocompromised patients. These infections have varied aetiological\r\nagents which are commonly found in soil, water, plant debris and organic\r\nsubstrates. Aim: The overview of different fungal aetiological agents,\r\nnewer and rapid diagnostic modalities and overall treatment and\r\nprevention options available is presented in this article. Methods:\r\nLiterature search was performed in PubMed by using MeSH terms\r\n‘mycoses’ and ‘immunocompromised host’. Only relevant review articles\r\npublished within the last five years were considered. Google Scholar\r\nsearch engine was also used. Results: Common invasive fungi include\r\nCandida spp., Cryptococcus spp., Aspergillus spp., Trichosporon spp.,\r\nRhodotorula spp., Fusarium spp., Mucormycotina, Pheohyphomycosis\r\nspp., Pneumocystis jirovecii, Scedosporium spp., and endemic mycoses\r\nsuch as Penicillium, Histoplasma and Blastomyces. A high degree of\r\nsuspicion is required for early diagnosis and optimal management of these\r\ninfections. Conclusion: Early and rapid diagnosis of causative fungal\r\nagents is required so that appropriate treatment can be initiated. Adequate\r\npreventive measures must be applied in an immunocompromised host that\r\ncan prevent development of drug resistant super-infections.\r\n\r\nKey words: Invasive fungal infections, immunocompromised patients,\r\nrapid diagnosis, treatment, prevention","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35266127,"asset_id":8945965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4130648,"first_name":"Muktikesh","last_name":"Dash","domain_name":"utkal-university","page_name":"MuktikeshDash","display_name":"Muktikesh Dash","profile_url":"https://utkal-university.academia.edu/MuktikeshDash?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4130648/1602433/6299728/s65_muktikesh.dash.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26891085" data-work_id="26891085" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26891085/Prevalence_of_Dermatophytic_Infections_among_Students_of_Nigerian_Higher_Institution_Using_Occlusive_Leather_Footwear">Prevalence of Dermatophytic Infections among Students of Nigerian Higher Institution Using Occlusive Leather Footwear</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Aim: Prevalence of dermatophytic infections amongst students of Nigerian higher institutions using occlusive leather footwear was carried out. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatophytic infection associated with occlusive... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26891085" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Aim: Prevalence of dermatophytic infections amongst students of Nigerian higher institutions using occlusive leather footwear was carried out. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatophytic infection associated with occlusive leather footwear worn by students of Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, with view to isolate, enumerate, Original Research Article Umar et al.; ACRI, 4(3): 1-11, 2016; Article no. ACRI.27332 2 compare the fungal loads between students who use occlusive footwear alongside with socks and those who do not, and microscopically identify the etiological agents associated with leather footwear. Methodology: Forty swab samples were collected from the feet surface of students that wear occlusive leather footwear at Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; twenty swab samples from those who use occlusive footwear with socks and also twenty swab samples from those that do not use occlusive footwear with socks. The swab samples were inoculated on solidified Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) and incubated for 4 weeks and examined at 2 to 3 days intervals for fungal growth at temperatures of 28°C and 37°C. After incubation, the colonies developed on th e medium plates were counted by hemacytometry and recorded. Potassium hydroxide microscopic observation was used to identify the isolated moulds. Results: The total prevalence of dermatophytic infections in the study area was found to be 85%, and the samples collected from the students using occlusive footwear without socks were found to harbor more fungal loads (72.5%) compared to those collected from students that use occlusive leather footwear with socks (27.5%). Thus, using socks reduces the level of dermatophytic fungal load for occlusive footwear. The dermatophytes isolated include Epidermophyton, Trichophyton and Microsporum species as well as yeast species. Conclusion: Both students that wear occlusive leather footwear with socks and without socks harboured dermatophytic fungi, and the overall prevalence of dermatophytic infections in the study area was determined as 34 (85%). But, the infection is more rampant in the students that wear occlusive leather footwear without socks to dry the excessive sweat in their feet resulting from overstay in footwear or rigorous athletic activities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26891085" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="40cdb5e4ebc6252a2dd586c7dee4b95c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47155333,"asset_id":26891085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47155333/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35912359" href="https://nilest.academia.edu/MUSTAPHAUMAR">MUSTAPHA UMAR</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35912359" type="text/json">{"id":35912359,"first_name":"MUSTAPHA","last_name":"UMAR","domain_name":"nilest","page_name":"MUSTAPHAUMAR","display_name":"MUSTAPHA UMAR","profile_url":"https://nilest.academia.edu/MUSTAPHAUMAR?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35912359/10381729/11584811/s65_mustapha.umar.jpg_oh_6967feba0dba10ae0d14f11bbf0d34f1_oe_569dc57c"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26891085 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26891085"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26891085, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26891085", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26891085]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26891085").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26891085").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26891085"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology">Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="160" type="text/json">{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="416" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedology">Pedology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="416" type="text/json">{"id":416,"name":"Pedology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26891085]'), work: {"id":26891085,"title":"Prevalence of Dermatophytic Infections among Students of Nigerian Higher Institution Using Occlusive Leather Footwear","created_at":"2016-07-11T03:16:37.819-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26891085/Prevalence_of_Dermatophytic_Infections_among_Students_of_Nigerian_Higher_Institution_Using_Occlusive_Leather_Footwear?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_26891085","summary":"Aim: Prevalence of dermatophytic infections amongst students of Nigerian higher institutions using occlusive leather footwear was carried out. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatophytic infection associated with occlusive leather footwear worn by students of Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, with view to isolate, enumerate, Original Research Article Umar et al.; ACRI, 4(3): 1-11, 2016; Article no. ACRI.27332 2 compare the fungal loads between students who use occlusive footwear alongside with socks and those who do not, and microscopically identify the etiological agents associated with leather footwear. Methodology: Forty swab samples were collected from the feet surface of students that wear occlusive leather footwear at Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria; twenty swab samples from those who use occlusive footwear with socks and also twenty swab samples from those that do not use occlusive footwear with socks. The swab samples were inoculated on solidified Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) and incubated for 4 weeks and examined at 2 to 3 days intervals for fungal growth at temperatures of 28°C and 37°C. After incubation, the colonies developed on th e medium plates were counted by hemacytometry and recorded. Potassium hydroxide microscopic observation was used to identify the isolated moulds. Results: The total prevalence of dermatophytic infections in the study area was found to be 85%, and the samples collected from the students using occlusive footwear without socks were found to harbor more fungal loads (72.5%) compared to those collected from students that use occlusive leather footwear with socks (27.5%). Thus, using socks reduces the level of dermatophytic fungal load for occlusive footwear. The dermatophytes isolated include Epidermophyton, Trichophyton and Microsporum species as well as yeast species. Conclusion: Both students that wear occlusive leather footwear with socks and without socks harboured dermatophytic fungi, and the overall prevalence of dermatophytic infections in the study area was determined as 34 (85%). But, the infection is more rampant in the students that wear occlusive leather footwear without socks to dry the excessive sweat in their feet resulting from overstay in footwear or rigorous athletic activities.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47155333,"asset_id":26891085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35912359,"first_name":"MUSTAPHA","last_name":"UMAR","domain_name":"nilest","page_name":"MUSTAPHAUMAR","display_name":"MUSTAPHA UMAR","profile_url":"https://nilest.academia.edu/MUSTAPHAUMAR?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35912359/10381729/11584811/s65_mustapha.umar.jpg_oh_6967feba0dba10ae0d14f11bbf0d34f1_oe_569dc57c"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":416,"name":"Pedology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":12729,"name":"Dermatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dermatology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":19080,"name":"Zoonoses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoonoses?f_ri=28594"},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":29675,"name":"Shoes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shoes?f_ri=28594"},{"id":53455,"name":"Footwear and Leather Garments and Industries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Footwear_and_Leather_Garments_and_Industries?f_ri=28594"},{"id":74243,"name":"Skin Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Skin_Cancer?f_ri=28594"},{"id":88216,"name":"Cosmetic Dermatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmetic_Dermatology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":274555,"name":"Leather Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leather_Technology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":982461,"name":"Leather Tanning Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leather_Tanning_Industry?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33563968" data-work_id="33563968" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33563968/Scedosporium_apiospermum_changing_clinical_spectrum_of_a_therapy_refractory_opportunist_">Scedosporium apiospermum : changing clinical spectrum of a therapy-refractory opportunist*</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Current knowledge on the opportunist Scedosporium apiospermum (teleomorph: Pseudallescheria boydii), generated over a period of more than 120 years, is reviewed. The natural environmental habitat of the fungus is unknown; nutrientrich,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33563968" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Current knowledge on the opportunist Scedosporium apiospermum (teleomorph: Pseudallescheria boydii), generated over a period of more than 120 years, is reviewed. The natural environmental habitat of the fungus is unknown; nutrientrich, brackish waters like river estuaria have been suggested. The fungus is strongly promoted by agricultural and particularly by industrial pollution.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33563968" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9a65ab5575f19a86a1cc048109543c67" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53589722,"asset_id":33563968,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53589722/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65706571" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JuanBerenguerBerenguer">Juan Berenguer Berenguer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65706571" type="text/json">{"id":65706571,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Berenguer Berenguer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuanBerenguerBerenguer","display_name":"Juan Berenguer Berenguer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuanBerenguerBerenguer?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33563968 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33563968"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33563968, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33563968", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33563968 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33563968; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33563968"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33563968 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33563968"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33563968; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33563968]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33563968").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33563968").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33563968"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8061" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brackish_Water">Brackish Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8061" type="text/json">{"id":8061,"name":"Brackish Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brackish_Water?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33563968]'), work: {"id":33563968,"title":"Scedosporium apiospermum : changing clinical spectrum of a therapy-refractory opportunist*","created_at":"2017-06-19T23:57:41.477-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33563968/Scedosporium_apiospermum_changing_clinical_spectrum_of_a_therapy_refractory_opportunist_?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_33563968","summary":"Current knowledge on the opportunist Scedosporium apiospermum (teleomorph: Pseudallescheria boydii), generated over a period of more than 120 years, is reviewed. The natural environmental habitat of the fungus is unknown; nutrientrich, brackish waters like river estuaria have been suggested. The fungus is strongly promoted by agricultural and particularly by industrial pollution.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53589722,"asset_id":33563968,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65706571,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Berenguer Berenguer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuanBerenguerBerenguer","display_name":"Juan Berenguer Berenguer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuanBerenguerBerenguer?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":8061,"name":"Brackish Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brackish_Water?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":52438,"name":"Dogs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dogs?f_ri=28594"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=28594"},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=28594"},{"id":94123,"name":"Multidrug Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidrug_Resistance?f_ri=28594"},{"id":260829,"name":"Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cattle?f_ri=28594"},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=28594"},{"id":552209,"name":"Antifungal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":590145,"name":"Mycetoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycetoma?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2036633,"name":"Medical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2489700,"name":"Child preschool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_preschool?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17734903" data-work_id="17734903" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17734903/Acremonium_phylogenetic_overview_and_revision_of_Gliomastix_Sarocladium_and_Trichothecium">Acremonium phylogenetic overview and revision of Gliomastix, Sarocladium, and Trichothecium</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17734903" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based identification. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that within the Hypocreales, there are two major clusters containing multiple Acremonium species. One clade contains Acremonium sclerotigenum, the genus Emericellopsis, and the genus Geosmithia as prominent elements. The second clade contains the genera Gliomastix sensu stricto and Bionectria. In addition, there are numerous smaller clades plus two multi-species clades, one containing Acremonium strictum and the type species of the genus Sarocladium, and, as seen in the combined SSU/LSU analysis, one associated subclade containing Acremonium breve and related species plus Acremonium curvulum and related species. This sequence information allows the revision of three genera. Gliomastix is revived for five species, G. murorum, G. polychroma, G. tumulicola, G. roseogrisea, and G. masseei. Sarocladium is extended to include all members of the phylogenetically distinct A. strictum clade including the medically important A. kiliense and the protective maize endophyte A. zeae. Also included in Sarocladium are members of the phylogenetically delimited Acremonium bacillisporum clade, closely linked to the A. strictum clade. The genus Trichothecium is revised following the principles of unitary nomenclature based on the oldest valid anamorph or teleomorph name, and new combinations are made in Trichothecium for the tightly interrelated Acremonium crotocinigenum, Spicellum roseum, and teleomorph Leucosphaerina indica. Outside the Hypocreales, numerous Acremonium-like species fall into the Plectosphaerellaceae, and A. atrogriseum falls into the Cephalothecaceae.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17734903" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a1f070bbc06c9181afe05ad33ea0385" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39680928,"asset_id":17734903,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39680928/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37639137" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MStarink">M. Starink</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37639137" type="text/json">{"id":37639137,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Starink","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MStarink","display_name":"M. Starink","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MStarink?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17734903 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17734903"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17734903, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17734903", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17734903 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17734903; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17734903"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17734903 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17734903"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17734903; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17734903]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17734903").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17734903").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17734903"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany">Botany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="148" type="text/json">{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology">Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="160" type="text/json">{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology">Mycology and Plant pathology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11228" type="text/json">{"id":11228,"name":"Mycology and Plant pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17734903]'), work: {"id":17734903,"title":"Acremonium phylogenetic overview and revision of Gliomastix, Sarocladium, and Trichothecium","created_at":"2015-11-04T06:10:50.454-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17734903/Acremonium_phylogenetic_overview_and_revision_of_Gliomastix_Sarocladium_and_Trichothecium?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_17734903","summary":"Over 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based identification. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that within the Hypocreales, there are two major clusters containing multiple Acremonium species. One clade contains Acremonium sclerotigenum, the genus Emericellopsis, and the genus Geosmithia as prominent elements. The second clade contains the genera Gliomastix sensu stricto and Bionectria. In addition, there are numerous smaller clades plus two multi-species clades, one containing Acremonium strictum and the type species of the genus Sarocladium, and, as seen in the combined SSU/LSU analysis, one associated subclade containing Acremonium breve and related species plus Acremonium curvulum and related species. This sequence information allows the revision of three genera. Gliomastix is revived for five species, G. murorum, G. polychroma, G. tumulicola, G. roseogrisea, and G. masseei. Sarocladium is extended to include all members of the phylogenetically distinct A. strictum clade including the medically important A. kiliense and the protective maize endophyte A. zeae. Also included in Sarocladium are members of the phylogenetically delimited Acremonium bacillisporum clade, closely linked to the A. strictum clade. The genus Trichothecium is revised following the principles of unitary nomenclature based on the oldest valid anamorph or teleomorph name, and new combinations are made in Trichothecium for the tightly interrelated Acremonium crotocinigenum, Spicellum roseum, and teleomorph Leucosphaerina indica. Outside the Hypocreales, numerous Acremonium-like species fall into the Plectosphaerellaceae, and A. atrogriseum falls into the Cephalothecaceae.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39680928,"asset_id":17734903,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37639137,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Starink","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MStarink","display_name":"M. Starink","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MStarink?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":160,"name":"Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":11228,"name":"Mycology and Plant pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_and_Plant_pathology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":34411,"name":"Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Studies?f_ri=28594"},{"id":35601,"name":"Applied Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":84384,"name":"Maize","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maize?f_ri=28594"},{"id":158782,"name":"Phylogenetic analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetic_analysis?f_ri=28594"},{"id":251943,"name":"Molecular Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":971355,"name":"Mycology: Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycology_Diversity?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1003726,"name":"Genomics Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics_Mycology?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1228206,"name":"Medical Mycology and Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology_and_Microbiology?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67015339" data-work_id="67015339" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67015339/Tinea_unguium_in_Lahore_Pakistan">Tinea unguium in Lahore, Pakistan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">During a period of 1 year, out of 202 clinically suspected cases of tinea unguium, 53 (26%) were con rmed by mycological cultures for dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common fungus isolated in 46 (87%) patients, followed by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67015339" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">During a period of 1 year, out of 202 clinically suspected cases of tinea unguium, 53 (26%) were con rmed by mycological cultures for dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common fungus isolated in 46 (87%) patients, followed by T. violaceum in four (7%), T. interdigitale in two (4%) and Epidermophyton occosum in one (2%). The disease was more common in adult males and ngernails were found to be affected more often than toenails. The distal and lateral variety was seen in 41 (77%) patients, total secondary dystrophic type in 11 (21%) and proximal subungual type in one (2%). Clinical diagnosis alone is not reliable and mycological con rmation is mandatory for this potentially curable disease.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67015339" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f5048c19900b45e3877bd61cb5ba63ec" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77994858,"asset_id":67015339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77994858/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1470581" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IjazHussain">Ijaz Hussain</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1470581" type="text/json">{"id":1470581,"first_name":"Ijaz","last_name":"Hussain","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IjazHussain","display_name":"Ijaz Hussain","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IjazHussain?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1470581/525179/658082/s65_ijaz.hussain.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67015339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67015339"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67015339, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67015339", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67015339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67015339; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67015339"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67015339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67015339"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67015339; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67015339]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67015339").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67015339").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67015339"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="413192" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Factors">Sex Factors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="413192" type="text/json">{"id":413192,"name":"Sex Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Factors?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="546419" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors">Age Factors</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="546419" type="text/json">{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67015339]'), work: {"id":67015339,"title":"Tinea unguium in Lahore, Pakistan","created_at":"2022-01-03T23:40:21.427-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67015339/Tinea_unguium_in_Lahore_Pakistan?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_67015339","summary":"During a period of 1 year, out of 202 clinically suspected cases of tinea unguium, 53 (26%) were con rmed by mycological cultures for dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common fungus isolated in 46 (87%) patients, followed by T. violaceum in four (7%), T. interdigitale in two (4%) and Epidermophyton occosum in one (2%). The disease was more common in adult males and ngernails were found to be affected more often than toenails. The distal and lateral variety was seen in 41 (77%) patients, total secondary dystrophic type in 11 (21%) and proximal subungual type in one (2%). Clinical diagnosis alone is not reliable and mycological con rmation is mandatory for this potentially curable disease.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77994858,"asset_id":67015339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1470581,"first_name":"Ijaz","last_name":"Hussain","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IjazHussain","display_name":"Ijaz Hussain","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IjazHussain?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1470581/525179/658082/s65_ijaz.hussain.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":413192,"name":"Sex Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Factors?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":590132,"name":"Onychomycosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onychomycosis?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2036633,"name":"Medical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical?f_ri=28594"},{"id":2595851,"name":"Trichophyton","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trichophyton?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33139230" data-work_id="33139230" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33139230/PREVALENCE_OF_TINEA_CAPITIS_AMONG_SCHOOL_CHILDREN_IN_OGBAKU_MBAIOLTI_LGA_IMO_STATE">PREVALENCE OF TINEA CAPITIS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN OGBAKU, MBAIOLTI LGA IMO STATE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Tinea capitis is a common infection especially in poor resource settings. The prevalence of Tinea capitis among selected primary schools in Ogbaku community, Mbaitoli L.G.A, Imo State was carried out. One hundred and eighty (180) primary... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33139230" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Tinea capitis is a common infection especially in poor resource settings. The prevalence of Tinea capitis among selected primary schools in Ogbaku community, Mbaitoli L.G.A, Imo State was carried out. One hundred and eighty (180) primary school children through random sampling of consented volunteers attending central school Ogbaku, Lawa Primary School and Okwu primary School were recruited into the study. A questionnaire was administered and cultures of scalps, skin scrapping/hair stubs samples were performed and the etiological agents identified and confirmed. The overall prevalence in this study was found to be 30.0% that were positive for Tinea capitis. The prevalence in relation to age showed a higher prevalence of 14.4% among the age bracket 11 – 13 years as opposed to age bracket 8-10 years that showed a prevalence of 8.89% and 5 – 7years that showed the least prevalence of 6.67%. In relation to gender, the higher prevalence was found in females at 18.89% as opposed to males that has a prevalence of 11.11% and this is statistically significant (p < 0.05). The most prevalent dermatophyte isolated was the anthropophilic dermatophyte, Micosporum audouinii .Other a dermatophytes isolated Micosporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophyte. Micosporum audouinii was the most prevalent dermatophyte isolated (56.11%) while Micosporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophyte was (23.33%) and (5.56%) respectively. The study demonstrated a high prevalence of Tinea infections with Micosporum audouinii as the dominant etiological agent in primary school children in Ogbaku community, Mbaitoli L.G.A, Imo state. Clinical implication of the prevalence of hand Tinea capitis and also the student’s knowledge of the infection and transmission was discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33139230" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f2808067152db5f3f56cc4c4f4e7d4ce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53229763,"asset_id":33139230,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53229763/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4474883" href="https://imsuonline.academia.edu/UzochukwuOnonuju">Uzochukwu Ononuju</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4474883" type="text/json">{"id":4474883,"first_name":"Uzochukwu","last_name":"Ononuju","domain_name":"imsuonline","page_name":"UzochukwuOnonuju","display_name":"Uzochukwu Ononuju","profile_url":"https://imsuonline.academia.edu/UzochukwuOnonuju?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4474883/1835245/17050944/s65_uzochukwu.ononuju.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33139230 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33139230"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33139230, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33139230", }); 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The prevalence of Tinea capitis among selected primary schools in Ogbaku community, Mbaitoli L.G.A, Imo State was carried out. One hundred and eighty (180) primary school children through random sampling of consented volunteers attending central school Ogbaku, Lawa Primary School and Okwu primary School were recruited into the study. A questionnaire was administered and cultures of scalps, skin scrapping/hair stubs samples were performed and the etiological agents identified and confirmed. The overall prevalence in this study was found to be 30.0% that were positive for Tinea capitis. The prevalence in relation to age showed a higher prevalence of 14.4% among the age bracket 11 – 13 years as opposed to age bracket 8-10 years that showed a prevalence of 8.89% and 5 – 7years that showed the least prevalence of 6.67%. In relation to gender, the higher prevalence was found in females at 18.89% as opposed to males that has a prevalence of 11.11% and this is statistically significant (p \u003c 0.05). The most prevalent dermatophyte isolated was the anthropophilic dermatophyte, Micosporum audouinii .Other a dermatophytes isolated Micosporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophyte. Micosporum audouinii was the most prevalent dermatophyte isolated (56.11%) while Micosporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophyte was (23.33%) and (5.56%) respectively. The study demonstrated a high prevalence of Tinea infections with Micosporum audouinii as the dominant etiological agent in primary school children in Ogbaku community, Mbaitoli L.G.A, Imo state. Clinical implication of the prevalence of hand Tinea capitis and also the student’s knowledge of the infection and transmission was discussed.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53229763,"asset_id":33139230,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4474883,"first_name":"Uzochukwu","last_name":"Ononuju","domain_name":"imsuonline","page_name":"UzochukwuOnonuju","display_name":"Uzochukwu Ononuju","profile_url":"https://imsuonline.academia.edu/UzochukwuOnonuju?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4474883/1835245/17050944/s65_uzochukwu.ononuju.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":103973,"name":"Medical 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Discovery">Drug Discovery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10640" type="text/json">{"id":10640,"name":"Drug Discovery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Discovery?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi">Fungi</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17272" type="text/json">{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" 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Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":809881,"name":"Amino Acid Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Sequence?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21520597 coauthored" data-work_id="21520597" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21520597/Vulvar_pythiosis_in_two_captive_camels_Camelus_dromedarius_">Vulvar pythiosis in two captive camels ( Camelus dromedarius )</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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We compared agar dilution susceptibility screening with the CLSI method for Candida... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28657674" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We examined the utility of agar dilution to screen yeasts for reduced susceptibility to several newer antifungal drugs including echinocandins and azoles. We compared agar dilution susceptibility screening with the CLSI method for Candida isolates. CHROMagar Candida medium was prepared with echinocandins and azoles added independently to agar prior to solidification. Assessment of resistance was based on growth characteristics, wherein decreased colony size in the presence of antifungal drugs was used as an indicator of resistance. Clinical Candida isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. lusitaniae, C. rugosa and C. dubliniensis were screened for drug susceptibility. Overall, antifungal susceptibility against anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, posaconazole and voriconazole, determined using CHROMagar agar dilution, were shown to be 96, 80, 94, 90 and 97% accurate, respectively, within one tube dilution of CLSI MICs for these clinical isolates. Categorical errors by percentage, had a broader range. Major errors with anidulafungin, caspofungin and micafungin were 3, 6 and 0%, respectively, while very major errors were 15, 55 and 38%. Major errors with posaconazole and voriconazole, respectively, were 12 and 0%, while very major errors were 0 and 22% respectively, compared to CLSI standards. Most of the assessment errors were with C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. Agar dilution screening for drug susceptibility with the current panel of antifungal drugs is rapid, accurate and effective, however, determination of resistance or nonsusceptibility in yeasts may be more problematic, and may be species dependent.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28657674" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c708321f514ed74d7b4b645e27e2292d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49033659,"asset_id":28657674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49033659/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53816445" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamKirkpatrick3">William Kirkpatrick</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53816445" type="text/json">{"id":53816445,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Kirkpatrick","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamKirkpatrick3","display_name":"William Kirkpatrick","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamKirkpatrick3?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-28657674">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-28657674"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErinBrockway">Erin Brockway</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-28657674'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-28657674').html(); 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We compared agar dilution susceptibility screening with the CLSI method for Candida isolates. CHROMagar Candida medium was prepared with echinocandins and azoles added independently to agar prior to solidification. Assessment of resistance was based on growth characteristics, wherein decreased colony size in the presence of antifungal drugs was used as an indicator of resistance. Clinical Candida isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. lusitaniae, C. rugosa and C. dubliniensis were screened for drug susceptibility. Overall, antifungal susceptibility against anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, posaconazole and voriconazole, determined using CHROMagar agar dilution, were shown to be 96, 80, 94, 90 and 97% accurate, respectively, within one tube dilution of CLSI MICs for these clinical isolates. Categorical errors by percentage, had a broader range. Major errors with anidulafungin, caspofungin and micafungin were 3, 6 and 0%, respectively, while very major errors were 15, 55 and 38%. Major errors with posaconazole and voriconazole, respectively, were 12 and 0%, while very major errors were 0 and 22% respectively, compared to CLSI standards. Most of the assessment errors were with C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. Agar dilution screening for drug susceptibility with the current panel of antifungal drugs is rapid, accurate and effective, however, determination of resistance or nonsusceptibility in yeasts may be more problematic, and may be species dependent.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49033659,"asset_id":28657674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53816445,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Kirkpatrick","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamKirkpatrick3","display_name":"William Kirkpatrick","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamKirkpatrick3?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":55029671,"first_name":"Erin","last_name":"Brockway","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ErinBrockway","display_name":"Erin Brockway","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ErinBrockway?f_ri=28594","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical 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type="text/json">{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23529277]'), work: {"id":23529277,"title":"Yeast 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Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=28594"},{"id":234187,"name":"Recurrence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recurrence?f_ri=28594"},{"id":357437,"name":"Candida Glabrata","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Candida_Glabrata?f_ri=28594"},{"id":379416,"name":"Epithelial cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epithelial_cells?f_ri=28594"},{"id":528223,"name":"phospholipases A2","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/phospholipases_A2?f_ri=28594"},{"id":552209,"name":"Antifungal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antifungal_Agents?f_ri=28594"},{"id":561014,"name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Sensitivity_Tests?f_ri=28594"},{"id":590133,"name":"Itraconazole","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Itraconazole?f_ri=28594"},{"id":923659,"name":"Virulence Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virulence_Factors?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1434583,"name":"Boric Acids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boric_Acids?f_ri=28594"},{"id":1900203,"name":"Hemolysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hemolysis?f_ri=28594"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4730341" data-work_id="4730341" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4730341/In_vitro_antifungal_effects_of_aqueous_garlic_extract_alone_and_in_combination_with_azoles_against_dermatophytic_fungi">In vitro antifungal effects of aqueous garlic extract alone and in combination with azoles against dermatophytic fungi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dermatophytes are fungi able to invade keratinized tissues, causing dermatomycosis. Azole antifungal drugs are used in the treatment of dermatomycosis, but have side effects and resistance may develop... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4730341" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dermatophytes  are  fungi  able  to  invade  keratinized  tissues,  causing  dermatomycosis.  Azole <br />antifungal  drugs  are  used  in  the  treatment  of  dermatomycosis,  but  have  side  effects  and <br />resistance  may  develop  against  them.  In  this  study, garlic,  which  is  a  medicinal  plant  with <br />antifungal  activity,  was  tested.  The  study  evaluated  the  in  vitro efficacy  of  garlic  extract  alone <br />against 10 isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and it was found that the MICs ranged from 0.0156-0.5 <br />mg/ml, whereas the MIC values for 6 other dermatophyte isolates ranged from 0.0156-1.0 mg/ml. In <br />conclusion, when used alone, aqueous garlic extractshowed very good potential as an antifungal <br />compound,  and  in  combination  of  garlic  extract  with ketoconazole  or  fluconazole  showed <br />synergistic or additive interaction against dermatophytes. <br />Keywords: Antifungal drugs, aqueous garlic extract, dermatophytes, MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration). <br />INTRODUCTION</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4730341" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d2edd0df79508d355aba5c15783560ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32050358,"asset_id":4730341,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32050358/download_file?st=MTc0MDU5OTU1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="247616" href="https://cdj.academia.edu/FarzadAala">Farzad Aala</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="247616" type="text/json">{"id":247616,"first_name":"Farzad","last_name":"Aala","domain_name":"cdj","page_name":"FarzadAala","display_name":"Farzad Aala","profile_url":"https://cdj.academia.edu/FarzadAala?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/247616/2545837/2954966/s65_farzad.aala.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4730341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4730341"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4730341, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4730341", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4730341]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4730341").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4730341").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4730341"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology">Medical Mycology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28594" type="text/json">{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35601" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology">Applied Mycology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35601" type="text/json">{"id":35601,"name":"Applied Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4730341]'), work: {"id":4730341,"title":"In vitro antifungal effects of aqueous garlic extract alone and in combination with azoles against dermatophytic fungi","created_at":"2013-10-09T19:56:36.099-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4730341/In_vitro_antifungal_effects_of_aqueous_garlic_extract_alone_and_in_combination_with_azoles_against_dermatophytic_fungi?f_ri=28594","dom_id":"work_4730341","summary":"Dermatophytes are fungi able to invade keratinized tissues, causing dermatomycosis. Azole \r\nantifungal drugs are used in the treatment of dermatomycosis, but have side effects and \r\nresistance may develop against them. In this study, garlic, which is a medicinal plant with \r\nantifungal activity, was tested. The study evaluated the in vitro efficacy of garlic extract alone \r\nagainst 10 isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and it was found that the MICs ranged from 0.0156-0.5 \r\nmg/ml, whereas the MIC values for 6 other dermatophyte isolates ranged from 0.0156-1.0 mg/ml. In \r\nconclusion, when used alone, aqueous garlic extractshowed very good potential as an antifungal \r\ncompound, and in combination of garlic extract with ketoconazole or fluconazole showed \r\nsynergistic or additive interaction against dermatophytes. \r\nKeywords: Antifungal drugs, aqueous garlic extract, dermatophytes, MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration). \r\nINTRODUCTION ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32050358,"asset_id":4730341,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":247616,"first_name":"Farzad","last_name":"Aala","domain_name":"cdj","page_name":"FarzadAala","display_name":"Farzad Aala","profile_url":"https://cdj.academia.edu/FarzadAala?f_ri=28594","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/247616/2545837/2954966/s65_farzad.aala.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28594,"name":"Medical Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true},{"id":35601,"name":"Applied Mycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mycology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55461755" data-work_id="55461755" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55461755/Koh_Calcofluor_White_Stain">Koh Calcofluor White Stain</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Koh-Calcofluor White Stain  is used to detect the presence of Acanthamoeba fungal elements and cysts in clinical specimens.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi">Fungi</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17272" type="text/json">{"id":17272,"name":"Fungi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fungi?f_ri=28594","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28594" rel="nofollow" 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