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Gilad Edelman | Washington Monthly
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Gilad Edelman, a Washington Monthly contributing editor, is a politics writer for WIRED.</p> </div> </span> </header><!-- .page-header --> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article id="post-103245" class="post-103245 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-college-guide category-magazine category-september-october-2019 tag-college-guide tag-higher-education entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/08/25/americas-affordable-elite-colleges-2019/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img data-perfmatters-preload width="1200" height="800" src="https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/iStock-859884294.jpg" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image-large size-newspack-archive-image-large wp-post-image" alt="college campus" data-hero-candidate="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/iStock-859884294.jpg 2121w, https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/iStock-859884294-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/magazine/" rel="category tag">Magazine</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/08/25/americas-affordable-elite-colleges-2019/" rel="bookmark">America鈥檚 Affordable Elite Colleges 2019</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/author/gilad-edelman/">Gilad Edelman</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/08/25/americas-affordable-elite-colleges-2019/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2019-08-25T23:22:44-04:00">August 25, 2019</time><time class="updated" datetime="2022-06-06T10:24:43-04:00">June 6, 2022</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Which selective schools give high-achieving, non-wealthy students a break鈥攁nd which break their bank accounts? </p> </div><!-- .entry-content --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-101475" class="post-101475 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-july-august-2019 category-magazine tag-americorps tag-national-service tag-pete-buttigieg entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/07/12/national-service-solves-everything/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="792" height="546" src="https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/I_want_you_for_U.S._Army_3b48465u_edit-e1562802888447.jpg" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="I Want You Army Poster" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/I_want_you_for_U.S._Army_3b48465u_edit-e1562802888447.jpg 792w, https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/I_want_you_for_U.S._Army_3b48465u_edit-e1562802888447-300x207.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/magazine/july-august-2019/" rel="category tag">July/August 2019</a><span class="sep">, </span><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/magazine/" rel="category tag">Magazine</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/07/12/national-service-solves-everything/" rel="bookmark">National Service Solves Everything</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/author/gilad-edelman/">Gilad Edelman</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/07/12/national-service-solves-everything/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2019-07-12T21:23:25-04:00">July 12, 2019</time><time class="updated" datetime="2022-01-09T05:56:53-05:00">January 9, 2022</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-101026" class="post-101026 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured category-political-animal category-politics tag-gerrymandering tag-john-roberts tag-supreme-court tag-u-s-census entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/06/29/everybody-hates-john-roberts/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="547" src="https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Official_roberts_CJ-e1553701326753.jpg" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="John Roberts portrait" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Official_roberts_CJ-e1553701326753.jpg 2347w, https://washingtonmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Official_roberts_CJ-e1553701326753-300x205.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 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