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(PDF) Garden Archaeology in Flanders. Developing a new archaeological discipline in Flanders at the Neue Garten in the Landcommandery Alden Biesen (Bilzen) and the garden of the Plantin-Moretus Museum at Antwerp | Geert R D A C Vynckier - Academia.edu

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{"work":{"id":123997550,"created_at":"2024-09-19T01:41:26.758-07:00","from_world_paper_id":259409658,"updated_at":"2024-09-19T02:41:39.508-07:00","_data":{"publication_date":"2013,11,8","publication_name":"Relicta. 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Developing a new archaeological discipline in Flanders at the Neue Garten in the Landcommandery Alden Biesen (Bilzen) and the garden of the Plantin-Moretus Museum at Antwerp</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="301535284" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Vynckier"><img alt="Profile image of Geert R D A C Vynckier" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Geert R D A C Vynckier</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2013, Relicta. Archeologie, Monumenten- en Landschapsonderzoek in Vlaanderen</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;continue-reading-button--work-card&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:118305296,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/123997550/Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders_Developing_a_new_archaeological_discipline_in_Flanders_at_the_Neue_Garten_in_the_Landcommandery_Alden_Biesen_Bilzen_and_the_garden_of_the_Plantin_Moretus_Museum_at_Antwerp&quot;}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;download-pdf-button--work-card&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:118305296,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/123997550/Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders_Developing_a_new_archaeological_discipline_in_Flanders_at_the_Neue_Garten_in_the_Landcommandery_Alden_Biesen_Bilzen_and_the_garden_of_the_Plantin_Moretus_Museum_at_Antwerp&quot;}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="118305296" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/123997550/Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders_Developing_a_new_archaeological_discipline_in_Flanders_at_the_Neue_Garten_in_the_Landcommandery_Alden_Biesen_Bilzen_and_the_garden_of_the_Plantin_Moretus_Museum_at_Antwerp" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="7322524" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7322524/Dix_B_Vynckier_G_Bellens_T_Van_den_Bossche_H_and_Fabri_R_2013_Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders_Developing_a_new_archaeological_discipline_in_Flanders_in_Relicta_10_p_275_344">Dix B., Vynckier G., Bellens T., Van den Bossche H. &amp; Fabri R. 2013: Garden Archaeology in Flanders. Developing a new archaeological discipline in Flanders ..., in: Relicta 10, p. 275-344</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="794940" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TimBellens">Tim Bellens</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Dix B., Vynckier G., Bellens T., Van den Bossche H. \u0026 Fabri R. 2013: Garden Archaeology in Flanders. Developing a new archaeological discipline in Flanders ..., in: Relicta 10, p. 275-344&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:33928383,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/7322524/Dix_B_Vynckier_G_Bellens_T_Van_den_Bossche_H_and_Fabri_R_2013_Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders_Developing_a_new_archaeological_discipline_in_Flanders_in_Relicta_10_p_275_344&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7322524/Dix_B_Vynckier_G_Bellens_T_Van_den_Bossche_H_and_Fabri_R_2013_Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders_Developing_a_new_archaeological_discipline_in_Flanders_in_Relicta_10_p_275_344"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="12391551" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12391551/Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders">Garden Archaeology in Flanders.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31146783" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeertVynckier">Geert R D A C Vynckier</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14565440" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TBellens">Tim Bellens</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32024694" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HermanVANDENBOSSCHE">Herman VAN DEN BOSSCHE</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Garden Archaeology in Flanders.&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:37639497,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/12391551/Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12391551/Garden_Archaeology_in_Flanders"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="26482806" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26482806/The_Ancient_World_Society_Anniversary_Lecture_2016_The_Archaeology_Of_The_Garden">The Ancient World Society Anniversary Lecture 2016 The Archaeology Of The Garden</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17577844" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/MichaelHoadley">Michael Hoadley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Throughout most of the history of the formal garden it has been reasonable to think of these ornamental adaptions of the local environment as extensions of our habitations. They might, in many situations, be considered &#39;rooms&#39;. As such, they are amenable to the same archaeological techniques as the dwellings that they adorn. Features can be surveyed, planned and interpreted by analytical fieldwork. Sites can be discovered and interpreted by using air photographs, geophysical methods and excavation. Any disturbance of the ground is measurable. The archaeology of gardens is a relatively new discipline that is still developing its potential. In the past, the existence of gardens has not been appreciated and, therefore, they have not been looked for. Roman villas in Britain probably had some form of pleasure garden. However, until fairly recently, archaeologists have concentrated on the economic activities of such places. The villa at Apethorpe in Northamptonshire was arranged around a central courtyard. In the centre of the courtyard was a shallow stone-lined depression that was described as an impluvium. It now seems likely that it was a central water feature in a courtyard garden. Long narrow structures on two sides of the central courtyard of a Roman villa at Pitney, Somerset, positioned as they are facing on to the villa&#39;s façade, makes it likely that they were garden pavilions of some kind but they were initially interpreted as pigsties and slaves&#39; quarters. The failure to appreciate the existence of gardens has led to confusion on sites of later date. At Steeple Gidding in Cambridgeshire complex earthworks were once wholly interpreted as the remains of a deserted Medieval village. However, the earthworks to the south of the church represent the terraces and ponds of a formal garden laid out on top of the abandoned village in 1648. They belonged to a large newly built house. In Bedfordshire at Old Warden the terraces of a late 16 th century garden partly overlay the extensive earthworks that are the remains of the great Cistercian abbey. None of these gardens was recognised until recently. There are probably hundreds of gardens in Britain which are preserved in pasture or hidden in woodland that remain undiscovered solely because they have not been recognised. There is considerable scope for archaeological techniques to be applied to the search for and examination of gardens. There is no evidence, at present, for pleasure gardens in Britain before the Roman occupation. There were almost certainly vegetable gardens in prehistoric times but these cannot be readily distinguished from small paddocks. In prehistoric contexts we find digging sticks and stone hoes. In late prehistoric times settlements begin to exhibit features like fenced and earthwork protected plots. In theory, fields are ploughed and gardens are not. In many instances, it is possible to see evidence of ploughing. Archaeological methods have become more sophisticated. It is possible to recover evidence of plough marks cut into the subsoil or underlying rock thereby distinguishing between fields and plots. However, modern agriculture activities destroy more and more of the prehistoric sites.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Ancient World Society Anniversary Lecture 2016 The Archaeology Of The Garden&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:46778627,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;docx&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/26482806/The_Ancient_World_Society_Anniversary_Lecture_2016_The_Archaeology_Of_The_Garden&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26482806/The_Ancient_World_Society_Anniversary_Lecture_2016_The_Archaeology_Of_The_Garden"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="122487270" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/122487270/The_Progress_of_Garden_Archaeology">The Progress of Garden Archaeology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="65866433" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidJacques11">David L Jacques</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Garden History, 1997</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The first garden archaeological excavations in a modern sense were probably when Hadrian’s Villa, near Rome, was taken over by the Italian government in 1870, and the Nilus canal was discovered and restored1. The work at Pompeii from 1910 to1923 made the peristyle garden well known to the public when statues, pergolas and fountains were restored. Across the Atlantic, in Williamsburg, the capital of colonial Virginia, the landscape architect Arthur Shurtleff devised the replanning and replanting of the gardens, which in 1930 and 1931 included the large garden behind the Governor’s residence (see Brown &amp; Chappell below). This work spawned a large number of colonial revival gardens, many sponsored by the Gardens Club of Virginia, and even one restoration in England, at Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Progress of Garden Archaeology&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:117140626,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;docx&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/122487270/The_Progress_of_Garden_Archaeology&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/122487270/The_Progress_of_Garden_Archaeology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="94224797" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/94224797/Garden_archaeology_in_the_English_garden_at_Alden_Biesen">Garden archaeology in the English garden at Alden Biesen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="235865075" href="https://independent.academia.edu/vandenbosscheherman">herman van den bossche</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Garden archaeology in the English garden at Alden Biesen&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:96741252,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/94224797/Garden_archaeology_in_the_English_garden_at_Alden_Biesen&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/94224797/Garden_archaeology_in_the_English_garden_at_Alden_Biesen"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="37632567" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37632567/Planted_Designed_and_Managed_Landscapes_A_Review_of_Finnish_Garden_Archaeology_from_an_Archaeobotanical_Perspective">Planted, Designed and Managed Landscapes – A Review of Finnish Garden Archaeology from an Archaeobotanical Perspective</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="15904637" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TeijaAlanko">Teija Alanko</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Garden history has primarily been studied in Finland through historical sources, with archaeology playing a lesser role, although its importance has been noted. The aims of this paper are to review garden archaeological research in Finland in the context of garden archaeology and garden history research in general, to demonstrate a selection of research methods in garden archaeology, and to present research results from the 19th century garden in Lahti in Finland. A garden is here defined as a bordered and cultivated area forming a specific ecological system, specific to the culture in question. Gardens have been reflections of their eras, economic situations, and climatic periods. They have influenced and been influenced by political power, the development of science, journeys of exploration, and globalisation. Many different historical sources, such as letters, accounts, maps, and paintings have been used to study garden history. Methods used in garden archaeology include non-destructive techniques, excavations, and various scientific methods. Although the Finnish examples of garden archaeology are limited, several Scandinavian and British examples prove that archaeology can be significant in garden history studies and the restoration of historic gardens. For example, evidence of gardening was found during archaeological excavations in 2013 at the historical village of Lahti in Finland. During these excavations, a vegetable garden with intact planting beds was found. The planting beds were studied archaeobotanically, but the results did not reveal either plant residues or visible fertilizers. The lack of information, concerning especially the oldest garden sites, presents a challenge for comprehensive interpretations. The problem could be solved at least partly through archaeological and archaeobotanical research. Garden history is such a wide field that all relevant disciplines and aspects should be involved in a collaboration to form a whole.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Planted, Designed and Managed Landscapes – A Review of Finnish Garden Archaeology from an Archaeobotanical Perspective&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:57617441,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/37632567/Planted_Designed_and_Managed_Landscapes_A_Review_of_Finnish_Garden_Archaeology_from_an_Archaeobotanical_Perspective&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37632567/Planted_Designed_and_Managed_Landscapes_A_Review_of_Finnish_Garden_Archaeology_from_an_Archaeobotanical_Perspective"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="117983477" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117983477/Ancient_monuments_in_the_countryside_An_archaeological_management_review">Ancient monuments in the countryside: An archaeological management review</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1610801" href="https://bournemouth.academia.edu/TimothyDarvill">Timothy Darvill</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1987</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Ancient monuments in the countryside: An archaeological management review&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:113714201,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/117983477/Ancient_monuments_in_the_countryside_An_archaeological_management_review&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117983477/Ancient_monuments_in_the_countryside_An_archaeological_management_review"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="65925945" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65925945/The_Archaeology_of_Parks_and_Gardens_1600_1900_An_introduction_to_Irish_garden_archaeology">The Archaeology of Parks and Gardens, 1600-1900:An introduction to Irish garden archaeology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1639558" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ThomasMcErlean">Thomas McErlean</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Historic gardens rank among the greatest cuhural achievemenrs ofour heritage. This chapter provides the mainstream historical archamlogist wirh a brief oveniew of the archaeolog&amp;#39; of Irish Bardens over the three centuries from 1600 to 1900. carden hisrorians, wirh rh€ir primary reliance on documentary info.merion, have dominared the study ofhistoric gardens, and archaeology hx conribured l;tde ro rh€ subjecr unril conpararively leendy. Vith the gro*th of interesr in historical archaeology and rhe reognition that the study of past garden activity ennor move lomard without the input of those trained prin&amp;jly in archaeological methods of field survey and excawtion, rhe subject has progresed (Partinson 1998; Villiamson 1999). Garden archaeology is a smatl term for a much lager thene. Ir is a convenient urnbrella term for whar in pacrice consists ofanall&amp;#39;sing a large segmenr ofthe historic landscape and its developnent. Many other terms could be used, such as park archaeology, dem...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Archaeology of Parks and Gardens, 1600-1900:An introduction to Irish garden archaeology&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:77313075,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/65925945/The_Archaeology_of_Parks_and_Gardens_1600_1900_An_introduction_to_Irish_garden_archaeology&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/65925945/The_Archaeology_of_Parks_and_Gardens_1600_1900_An_introduction_to_Irish_garden_archaeology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="18846640" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18846640/Integrating_Archaeology_and_Landscape_Analysis_for_the_Cultural_Heritage_Management_of_a_World_War_I_Militarised_Landscape_The_German_Field_Defences_in_Antwerp">Integrating Archaeology and Landscape Analysis for the Cultural Heritage Management of a World War I Militarised Landscape: The German Field Defences in Antwerp</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38945879" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RebekkaDossche">Rebekka Dossche</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1039660" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/JeanBourgeois">Jean Bourgeois</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3267603" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/WouterGheyle">Wouter Gheyle</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Landscape Research, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Integrating Archaeology and Landscape Analysis for the Cultural Heritage Management of a World War I Militarised Landscape: The German Field Defences in Antwerp&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:40287696,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/18846640/Integrating_Archaeology_and_Landscape_Analysis_for_the_Cultural_Heritage_Management_of_a_World_War_I_Militarised_Landscape_The_German_Field_Defences_in_Antwerp&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18846640/Integrating_Archaeology_and_Landscape_Analysis_for_the_Cultural_Heritage_Management_of_a_World_War_I_Militarised_Landscape_The_German_Field_Defences_in_Antwerp"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="120263525" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120263525/New_Challenges_Archaeological_Heritage_Management_and_the_Archaeology_of_the_18th_to_20th_centuries_EAC_Occasional_Paper_No_19_2024">New Challenges: Archaeological Heritage Management and the Archaeology of the 18th to 20th centuries. EAC Occasional Paper No. 19, 2024</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23324952" href="https://bldam-brandenburg.academia.edu/ThomasKersting">Thomas R Kersting</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">EAC Occasional Paper No. 19 , 2024</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">“Contemporary Archaeology” deals with sites, features and fi nds from the period after the beginning of industrialisation, obtained through excavation and documentation using techniques and methods applied in all fi elds of archaeology. The topic and the comparatively ‘young’ period in focus are not completely new for archaeological monument preservation, even if they are explicitly considered in only a relatively few monument protection laws. It has long been common practice in many places across Europe to protect, preserve, and research monuments of the recent past—simply because they are there. This is both a challenge and an opportunity for archaeological heritage management, considered in the 2023 EAC symposium papers. Archaeological heritage preservation gains weight because it is accompanied by a special interest from the public and, thus, can develop opportunities to participate in political education. The material remains of war and terror lead us to the limits of archaeology and beyond: they become evidence, crime scenes, and anchors for commemoration and political education.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;New Challenges: Archaeological Heritage Management and the Archaeology of the 18th to 20th centuries. EAC Occasional Paper No. 19, 2024&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:115471762,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/120263525/New_Challenges_Archaeological_Heritage_Management_and_the_Archaeology_of_the_18th_to_20th_centuries_EAC_Occasional_Paper_No_19_2024&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/120263525/New_Challenges_Archaeological_Heritage_Management_and_the_Archaeology_of_the_18th_to_20th_centuries_EAC_Occasional_Paper_No_19_2024"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:118305296,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:118305296,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_118305296" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/43020230/The_place_of_archaeology_in_integrated_cultural_landscape_management_A_case_study_comparing_landscapes_with_Iron_Age_oppida_in_England_France_and_Spain"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="11" data-entity-id="6404706" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6404706/Landscape_Archaeology">Landscape Archaeology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33491" href="https://csic.academia.edu/CesarParceroOubi%C3%B1a">Cesar Parcero-Oubiña</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">In Claire Smith &amp; Jo Smith (eds.). 2014. 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