How is communism different from socialism?

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Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). </div> <div class="type-menu"> <label for="feedback-type" class="label mb-10">Feedback Type</label> <select id="feedback-type" class="form-select mb-30" name="feedbackTypeId" required> <option value="" selected="selected">Select a type (Required)</option> <option value="1">Factual Correction</option> <option value="2">Spelling/Grammar Correction</option> <option value="3">Link Correction</option> <option value="4">Additional Information</option> <option value="5">Other</option> </select> </div> <label for="feedback" class="label mb-10">Your Feedback</label> <textarea id="feedback" class="form-control mb-30" name="feedback" maxlength="3000" rows="7" required></textarea> <button class="btn btn-blue" type="submit">Submit Feedback</button> </form> <div class="success-messaging d-none mt-30"> <div class="title">Thank you for your feedback</div> <p>Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-websites-modal size-lg d-none"> <div class="md-modal-body"> <div class="h2 font-serif pb-15 border-bottom font-weight-bold"> External Websites </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-byline module-spacing "> <div class="font-serif font-12"> <span class="written-by text-gray-700"> Written and fact-checked by </span> <div class="editor-popover popover p-0"> <a class="d-block p-20 gtm-byline font-12 byline-contributor" href="/editor/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419" > <div class="editor-title font-16 font-weight-bold">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</div> <div class="editor-description font-12 font-serif mt-5 text-black">Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.</div> </a> <div data-popper-arrow></div> </div> <span class="btn btn-link editor-link p-0 qa-byline-link gtm-byline font-12 byline-contributor text-decoration-underline"> The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</span></div></div> <div class="mt-20"> <div class="collection-content topic-paragraph"> <article class="content"><div class="font-serif"><p>Exactly how communism differs from <a href="https://www.britannica.com/money/socialism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">socialism</a> has long been a matter of debate. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Karl-Marx" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Karl Marx</a> used the terms interchangeably. For many, however, the difference can be seen in the two phases of communism as outlined by Marx. The first is a transitional system in which the working class controls the government and economy yet still pays people according to how long, hard, or well they work. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/money/capitalism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Capitalism</a> and private property exist, though to a limited degree. This phase is widely regarded as socialism. However, in Marx’s fully realized communism, society has no class divisions or government or personal property. The production and distribution of goods is based upon the principle “From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.” </p></div></article></div> </div> <div class="related-questions mb-30"> <h4 class="mb-15">Related Questions</h4> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class=""> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/What-is-communism">What is communism?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/Which-countries-are-communist">Which countries are communist?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/What-are-the-origins-of-communism">What are the origins of communism?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/Who-was-Mao-Zedong">Who was Mao Zedong?</a> </li> <li class="d-none"> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/What-is-Maoism">What is Maoism?</a> </li> <li class="d-none"> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/How-has-China-changed-since-Mao-Zedongs-death">How has China changed since Mao Zedong’s death?</a> </li> <li class="d-none"> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/What-is-Mao-Zedong-s-legacy">What is Mao Zedong's legacy?</a> </li> <li class="d-none"> <a class="p-15 mb-10 rounded text-black font-weight-semi-bold d-block" href="/question/What-was-Mao-Zedongs-family-like">What was Mao Zedong’s family like?</a> </li> </ul> <button class="top-questions-show-more-btn mt-15 d-flex align-items-center align-self-start justify-content-center btn btn-white font-14 d-inline"> <span class="material-icons" data-icon="expand_more"></span> Show More </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; scriptElement.async = true; scriptElement.src = "https://insitez.blob.core.windows.net/site/f780f33e-a610-4ac2-af81-3eb184037547.js"; var node = d.getElementById('_informizely_script_tag'); node.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, node); } )(document); </script>  <script> window.ap3c = window.ap3c || {}; var ap3c = window.ap3c; ap3c.cmd = ap3c.cmd || []; ap3c.cmd.push(function() { ap3c.init('ZO4siT4cLwnykPnzZWJtd3Byb2Q', 'https://engage.email.britannica.com/'); ap3c.track({v: 0}); }); ap3c.activity = function(act) { ap3c.act = (ap3c.act || []); ap3c.act.push(act); }; var s, t; s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = "https://engage.email.britannica.com/app.js"; t = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); </script> <script class="marketing-page-info" type="application/json"> {"pageType":"TopicTopQuestionsPage","templateName":"TOP_QUESTION","pageNumber":1,"pagesTotal":8,"pageId":null,"pageLength":null,"initialLoad":true,"lastPageOfScroll":false} </script> <script class="marketing-content-info" type="application/json"> [] </script> <script src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/js/libs/jquery-3.5.0.min.js?v=3.130.14"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-type="Init Mendel Code Splitting"> (function() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: 'https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/dist/topic-top-questions-page.js?v=3.130.14' }); })(); </script> <script class="analytics-metadata" type="application/json"> {"leg":"B","adLeg":"B","userType":"ANONYMOUS","pageType":"TopicTopQuestionsPage","pageSubtype":"TOP_QUESTION","articleTemplateType":null,"gisted":false,"pageNumber":1,"hasSummarizeButton":false,"hasAskButton":false} </script> <script type="text/javascript"> EBStat={accountId:-1,hostnameOverride:'webstats.eb.com',domain:'www.britannica.com', json:''}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function() { $.ajax( { dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: '//www.britannica.com/webstats/mendelstats.js?v=1' } ) .done( function() { try {writeStat(null,EBStat);} catch(err){} } ); })(); </script> <div id="bc-fixed-dialogue"></div> </body> </html>

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How is communism different from socialism? | Britannica