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id="toc-Society_of_Saint_Pius_X-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sedeprivationists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sedeprivationists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Sedeprivationists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sedeprivationists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sedevacantists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sedevacantists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Sedevacantists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sedevacantists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conclavists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conclavists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Conclavists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conclavists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Positions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Positions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radical_Traditionalists'_assessment_of_Vatican_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radical_Traditionalists'_assessment_of_Vatican_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Radical Traditionalists' assessment of Vatican II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radical_Traditionalists'_assessment_of_Vatican_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_of_the_Radical_Traditionalists'_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_of_the_Radical_Traditionalists'_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Criticism of the Radical Traditionalists' positions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_of_the_Radical_Traditionalists'_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Practices</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Practices-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Practices subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rite_of_Mass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rite_of_Mass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Rite of Mass</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rite_of_Mass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Individual_and_private_devotions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_and_private_devotions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Individual and private devotions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_and_private_devotions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clothing_and_lifestyle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clothing_and_lifestyle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Clothing and lifestyle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clothing_and_lifestyle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sedevacantism_and_Conclavism_in_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sedevacantism_and_Conclavism_in_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Sedevacantism and Conclavism in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sedevacantism_and_Conclavism_in_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_the_Holy_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_the_Holy_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Relations with the Holy See</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Relations_with_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Relations with the Holy See subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ecclesia_Dei_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecclesia_Dei_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span><i>Ecclesia Dei</i> Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecclesia_Dei_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Validity_of_holy_orders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Validity_of_holy_orders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Validity of holy orders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Validity_of_holy_orders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>List of groups</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_groups-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of groups subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canonically_regular_traditionalist_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canonically_regular_traditionalist_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Canonically regular traditionalist groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canonically_regular_traditionalist_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canonically_irregular_traditionalist_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canonically_irregular_traditionalist_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Canonically irregular traditionalist groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canonically_irregular_traditionalist_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sedevacantist_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sedevacantist_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Sedevacantist groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sedevacantist_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sedeprivationist_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sedeprivationist_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Sedeprivationist groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sedeprivationist_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conclavist_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conclavist_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Conclavist groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conclavist_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Doctrinal_and_liturgical_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal_and_liturgical_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Doctrinal and liturgical issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal_and_liturgical_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparable_phenomena_in_other_churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparable_phenomena_in_other_churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Comparable phenomena in other churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparable_phenomena_in_other_churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Traditionalist Catholicism</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholischer_Traditionalismus" title="Katholischer Traditionalismus – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Katholischer Traditionalismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كاثوليكية تقليدية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاثوليكية تقليدية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96-%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Каталікі-традыцыяналісты – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каталікі-традыцыяналісты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradicionalisme_cat%C3%B2lic" title="Tradicionalisme catòlic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tradicionalisme catòlic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katolick%C3%BD_tradicionalismus" title="Katolický tradicionalismus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Katolický tradicionalismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholischer_Traditionalismus" title="Katholischer Traditionalismus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Katholischer Traditionalismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catolicismo_tradicionalista" title="Catolicismo tradicionalista – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Catolicismo tradicionalista" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katolizismo_tradizionalista" title="Katolizismo tradizionalista – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Katolizismo tradizionalista" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicisme_traditionaliste" title="Catholicisme traditionaliste – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Catholicisme traditionaliste" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%86%B5%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD" title="전통주의 가톨릭 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전통주의 가톨릭" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradicionalista_katolikismo" title="Tradicionalista katolikismo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tradicionalista katolikismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaum_Katolik_Tradisionalis" title="Kaum Katolik Tradisionalis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaum Katolik Tradisionalis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattolici_tradizionalisti" title="Cattolici tradizionalisti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cattolici tradizionalisti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catolicisme_tradisionaliste" title="Catolicisme tradisionaliste – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Catolicisme tradisionaliste" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagyom%C3%A1nyh%C5%B1_katolikuss%C3%A1g" title="Hagyományhű katolikusság – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hagyományhű katolikusság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kat%C3%B4lisisma_tradisi%C3%B4nalista" title="Katôlisisma tradisiônalista – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Katôlisisma tradisiônalista" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditionalisme_(katholicisme)" title="Traditionalisme (katholicisme) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Traditionalisme (katholicisme)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E8%81%96%E4%BC%9D%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="カトリック聖伝主義 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カトリック聖伝主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradisjonalistisk_katolisisme" title="Tradisjonalistisk katolisisme – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tradisjonalistisk katolisisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the contemporary movement. For the 19th-century theological position, see <a href="/wiki/Traditionalism_(19th-century_Catholicism)" title="Traditionalism (19th-century Catholicism)">Traditionalism (19th-century Catholicism)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Missa_tridentina_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Missa_tridentina_002.jpg/220px-Missa_tridentina_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Missa_tridentina_002.jpg/330px-Missa_tridentina_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Missa_tridentina_002.jpg/440px-Missa_tridentina_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="723" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> celebrated <i><a href="/wiki/Ad_orientem" title="Ad orientem">ad orientem</a></i> according to the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine form of the Roman Rite</a>. The ornate altar and priests' <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestments</a> are characteristic of Traditionalist Catholic practice.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_Church" title="Category:Catholic Church">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="St. Peter's Basilica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/220px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/330px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/440px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13066" data-file-height="6823" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a>, Vatican City</div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:gold"> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Outline of the Catholic Church">Overview</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Hierarchy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">History</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Timeline of the Catholic Church">timeline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Liturgy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mary</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Background</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a> <a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">History of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magisterium" title="Magisterium">Magisterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four Marks of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">Apostolic succession</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Organisation</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopal polity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theologies</a></li><li>Doctrine</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Son" title="God the Son">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Ghost</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consubstantiality" title="Consubstantiality">Consubstantialitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filioque" title="Filioque">Filioque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divinum_illud_munus" title="Divinum illud munus">Divinum illud munus</a></li></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Divine_law" title="Divine law">Divine law</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments_in_Catholic_theology" title="Ten Commandments in Catholic theology">Decalogus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Papal_infallibility" title="Papal infallibility">Ex Cathedra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Divinization_(Christian)" title="Divinization (Christian)">Deificatio</a></i></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Churches_Militant,_Penitent,_and_Triumphant" title="Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant">Realms beyond the States of the Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heaven_in_Christianity" title="Heaven in Christianity">Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purgatory" title="Purgatory">Purgatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbo" title="Limbo">Limbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Hell in Christianity">Hell</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Paschal_mystery" title="Paschal mystery">Paschal mystery</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrowing_of_Hell" title="Harrowing of Hell">Harrowing of Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension of Jesus</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Blessed Virgin Mary</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mater Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Mother_of_God" title="Dormition of the Mother of God">Dormition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven" title="Queen of Heaven">Queen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Apparition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediatrix" title="Mediatrix">Mediatrix</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_desire" title="Baptism of desire">Baptism of desire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_blood" title="Baptism of blood">Baptism of blood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity" title="Grace in Christianity">Divine grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extra_Ecclesiam_nulla_salus" title="Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus">Outside the Church there is no salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infused_righteousness" title="Infused righteousness">Infused righteousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invincible_ignorance_(Catholic_theology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invincible ignorance (Catholic theology)">Invincible ignorance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justification_(theology)" title="Justification (theology)">Justification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Means_of_grace" title="Means of grace">Means of grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merit_(Christianity)" title="Merit (Christianity)">Merit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortal_sin" title="Mortal sin">Mortal sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satisfaction_theory_of_atonement" title="Satisfaction theory of atonement">Satisfaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_influence_theory_of_atonement" title="Moral influence theory of atonement">Moral influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctification_in_Christianity" title="Sanctification in Christianity">Sanctification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synergism" title="Synergism">Synergism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venial_sin" title="Venial sin">Venial sin</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecclesiology" title="Catholic ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Bishops" title="College of Bishops">College of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deposit_of_faith" title="Deposit of faith">Deposit of faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infallibility_of_the_Church" title="Infallibility of the Church">Infallibility of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystici_corporis_Christi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystici corporis Christi">Mystical Body of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Papal primacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitas_perfecta" title="Communitas perfecta">Perfect community</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subsistit_in" title="Subsistit in">Subsistit in</a></i></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Other teachings</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josephology" title="Josephology">Josephology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology_of_the_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic theology of the body">Body</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_the_Body" title="Theology of the Body">Lectures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology_of_sexuality" title="Catholic theology of sexuality">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Apologetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amillennialism" title="Amillennialism">Amillennialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypostatic_union" title="Hypostatic union">Hypostatic union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predestination#Catholicism" title="Predestination">Predestination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_deadly_sins" title="Seven deadly sins">Seven deadly sins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatific_vision" title="Beatific vision">Beatific vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogma_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Dogma in the Catholic Church">Dogma</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Official Bible</li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sixtine_Vulgate" title="Sixtine Vulgate">Sixtine Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixto-Clementine_Vulgate" title="Sixto-Clementine Vulgate">Sixto-Clementine Vulgate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nova_Vulgata" title="Nova Vulgata">Nova Vulgata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasian_Creed" title="Athanasian Creed">Athanasian Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Catechism of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Papal bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_exhortation" title="Apostolic exhortation">Apostolic exhortation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclical" title="Encyclical">Epistula Encyclica</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Philosophy</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Virtues" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Virtues">Cardinal Virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_war_theory#Catholic_doctrine" title="Just war theory">Just war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Catholic ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personalism#Catholic_personalism" title="Personalism">Personalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_probabilism" title="Catholic probabilism">Probabilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Social teaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">Philosophy of canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Philosophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtue_ethics" title="Virtue ethics">Virtue ethics</a></li></ul> <p><br /> Schools </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustinianism" title="Augustinianism">Augustinianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomism" title="Thomism">Thomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotism" title="Scotism">Scotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occamism" title="Occamism">Occamism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_humanism" title="Christian humanism">Christian humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molinism" title="Molinism">Molinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-scholasticism" title="Neo-scholasticism">Neo-scholasticism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Worship</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurbana" title="Holy Qurbana">Holy Qurbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurbono" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Qurbono">Holy Qurbono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Confirmation in the Catholic Church">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church">Anointing of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Matrimony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Prayer in the Catholic Church">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_devotions" title="Catholic devotions">Devotions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">Rites</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin liturgy</a>:</li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Post-Vatican II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Sarum" title="Use of Sarum">Use of Sarum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire Use</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallican_Rite" title="Gallican Rite">Gallican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Braga" title="Rite of Braga">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Mozarabic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><br /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a>:</li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochene</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Miscellaneous</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antipope" title="Antipope">Antipopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholicism" title="Anti-Catholicism">Anti-Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Criticism of the Catholic Church">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Deism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and Deism">Deism</a>/<a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Pandeism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and Pandeism">Pandeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism" title="Catholic Church and ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">Monasticism</a></li></ul> <p>Relations with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Islam" title="Catholic Church and Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Judaism" title="Catholic Church and Judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic%E2%80%93Eastern_Orthodox_relations" title="Catholic–Eastern Orthodox relations">Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic-Protestant_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic-Protestant relations">Protestantism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Societal issues</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_art" title="Catholic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Evolution and the Catholic Church">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_health_care" title="Catholic Church and health care">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_HIV/AIDS" title="Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_homosexuality" title="Catholic Church and homosexuality">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">Sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany" title="Catholic Church and Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics" title="Catholic Church and politics">Politics</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church and politics in the United States">in the United States</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_gender_roles_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sex and gender roles in the Catholic Church">Sex and gender roles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_slavery" title="Catholic Church and slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">the Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Links and resources</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Catholic_Church_articles" title="Index of Catholic Church articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Outline of the Catholic Church">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Glossary of the Catholic Church">Glossary</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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href="/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Principal symbol of Christianity"><img alt="Principal symbol of Christianity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/50px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/75px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/100px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></li><li>Foundations</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="God the Father (Christianity)">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Apologetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christian_theology" title="History of Christian theology">History of theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_universalism" title="Christian universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">(full list)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Christianity" title="Nicene Christianity">Nicene</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Free Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian [Hussite]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United Protestant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational Christianity</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvingians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_Church_of_God_International" title="Members Church of God International">Members Church of God International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">The New Church (Swedenborgian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Unitarian,_Universalist,_and_Unitarian_Universalist_churches" title="List of Unitarian, Universalist, and Unitarian Universalist churches">Unitarians and Universalists</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity" title="Criticism of Christianity">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_other_religions" title="Christianity and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon" title="Sermon">Sermon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_symbolism" title="Christian symbolism">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christian cross"><img alt="Christian cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/20px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/30px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template talk:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Traditionalist Catholicism</b> is a movement that emphasizes <a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">beliefs</a>, practices, customs, traditions, <a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">liturgical</a> forms, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_devotions" title="Catholic devotions">devotions</a> and presentations of <a href="/wiki/Doctrine" title="Doctrine">teaching</a> associated with the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> (1962–1965).<sup id="cite_ref-Collinge_2012_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collinge_2012-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionalist Catholics particularly emphasize the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> liturgy largely replaced in general use by the post-Second Vatican Council <a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a>. </p><p>Many Traditionalist Catholics disliked the liturgical changes that followed the Second Vatican Council, and prefer to continue to practice pre-Second Vatican Council traditions and forms. Some also see present teachings on <a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">ecumenism</a> as blurring the distinction between Catholics and other <a href="/wiki/Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian">Christians</a>. Traditional Catholicism is often more <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional Conservative">conservative</a> in its philosophy and worldview, promoting a modest style of dressing and teaching a <a href="/wiki/Complementarianism" title="Complementarianism">complementarian</a> view of gender roles.<sup id="cite_ref-Ochstein2017_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ochstein2017-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A minority of Traditionalist Catholics reject the current papacy of the Catholic Church and follow positions of <a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">sedevacantism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sedeprivationism" title="Sedeprivationism">sedeprivationism</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Conclavism" title="Conclavism">conclavism</a>. As these groups are no longer in <a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>, they are not regarded by Holy See to be members of the Catholic Church, but instead separate religious groupings.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A distinction is often made between these groups (sometimes called <i>Radical</i> Traditionalists) and Catholics who accept the teachings and authority of the Catholic Church while still preferring older traditions and practices as well as the Tridentine Mass in Latin.<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Toward the end of the Second Vatican Council, Father <a href="/wiki/Gommar_DePauw" title="Gommar DePauw">Gommar DePauw</a> came into conflict with Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Shehan" title="Lawrence Shehan">Lawrence Shehan</a>, Archbishop of Baltimore, over the interpretation of the council's teachings, particularly on liturgical matters. In January 1965, DePauw incorporated an organization called the Catholic Traditionalist Movement in New York State, purportedly with the support of Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Francis_Spellman" title="Francis Spellman">Francis Spellman</a>, Archbishop of New York.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the late 1960s and early 1970s, conservative Catholics opposed to or uncomfortable with the theological, social and liturgical developments brought about by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> began to coalesce.<sup id="cite_ref-Dugan1974_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dugan1974-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1973, the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Roman_Catholic_Movement" title="Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement">Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement</a> (ORCM) was founded by two priests, Francis E. Fenton and <a href="/wiki/Robert_McKenna" title="Robert McKenna">Robert McKenna</a>, and set up chapels in many parts of North America to preserve the Tridentine Mass.<sup id="cite_ref-Dugan1974_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dugan1974-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Priests who participated in this were listed as being on a leave of absence by their bishops, who disapproved of their actions.<sup id="cite_ref-Dugan1974_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dugan1974-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1970, French Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a> founded the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a> (SSPX), made up of priests who would say only the <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Latin_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional Latin Mass">Traditional Latin Mass</a> and who opposed what he saw as excessive liberal influences in the Church after Vatican II. In 1988, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89c%C3%B4ne_consecrations" title="Écône consecrations">Lefebvre and another bishop consecrated four men as bishops</a> without papal permission, resulting in <a href="/wiki/Excommunication_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Excommunication in the Catholic Church">excommunication</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Latae_sententiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Latae sententiae">latae sententiae</a></i> for all six men directly involved. Some members of the SSPX, unwilling to participate in what they considered <a href="/wiki/Schism_in_Christianity" title="Schism in Christianity">schism</a>, left and founded the <a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_Saint_Peter" title="Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter">Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter</a> (FSSP), which celebrates the Tridentine Mass and is in <a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a> with the Holy See. In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> lifted the excommunications of the four surviving bishops, but clarified that the society had "no canonical status within the Catholic Church."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Istituto_Mater_Boni_Consilii" title="Istituto Mater Boni Consilii">Istituto Mater Boni Consilii</a> (IMBC) was founded in 1985. It is a <a href="/wiki/Sedeprivationist" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedeprivationist">sedeprivationist</a> religious congregation of clergy who were dissatisfied with the SSPX's position on the Pope, i.e., acknowledging <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II" class="mw-redirect" title="John Paul II">John Paul II</a> as pope but disobeying him. Sedeprivationists hold that the current occupant of the papal office is a duly elected <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> but lacks the authority and ability to teach or govern unless he recants the changes brought by the Second Vatican Council.<sup id="cite_ref-Pasulka2015_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pasulka2015-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some Catholics took the position of <a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">sedevacantism</a>, which teaches <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> and his successors are heretics and therefore cannot be considered popes, and that the Catholic Church's sacraments are not <a href="/wiki/Validity_and_liceity_(Catholic_Church)" title="Validity and liceity (Catholic Church)">valid</a>. One sedevacantist group, the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_V" title="Society of Saint Pius V">Society of Saint Pius V</a> (SSPV), broke off from the SSPX in 1983, due to liturgical disputes. Another sedevacantist group, the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Mary_Immaculate_Queen" title="Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen">Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen</a> (CMRI), formed spontaneously among the followers of <a href="/wiki/Francis_Schuckardt" title="Francis Schuckardt">Francis Schuckardt</a>, but he was later expelled due to scandals and CMRI is now more aligned with other sedevacantist groups. </p><p>Other groups known as <a href="/wiki/Conclavism" title="Conclavism">Conclavists</a> have elected their own popes in opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">post-Vatican II</a> pontiffs. They are not considered serious claimants except by their very few followers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Different_types">Different types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Different types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg/220px-Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg/330px-Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg/440px-Palm-sunday-latin-mass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">chapel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Cross,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Boston">Cathedral of the Holy Cross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston</a>, Palm Sunday 2009</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canonically_regular_with_the_Holy_See">Canonically regular with the Holy See</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Canonically regular with the Holy See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the Second Vatican Council, several traditionalist organizations have been started with or have subsequently obtained approval from the Catholic Church. These organizations accept the documents of the Second Vatican Council and regard the changes associated with the Council (such as the revision of the Mass) as legitimate, but celebrate the older forms with the approval of the Holy See. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_St_Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="Priestly Fraternity of St Peter">Priestly Fraternity of St Peter</a> (FSSP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King_Sovereign_Priest" title="Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest</a> (ICRSS, ICKSP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_Most_Holy_Redeemer" title="Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer">Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer</a> (FSSR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Institute of the Good Shepherd">Institute of the Good Shepherd</a> (IBP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servants_of_Jesus_and_Mary" title="Servants of Jesus and Mary">Servants of Jesus and Mary</a> (SJM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_New_Jerusalem" title="Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem">Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem</a> (CRNJ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_Saint_John_Cantius" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius">Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius</a> (SJC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Holy_Cross_of_Coimbra" title="Canons Regular of the Holy Cross of Coimbra">Canons Regular of the Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternity_of_Saint_Vincent_Ferrer" title="Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer">Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Apostolic_Administration_of_Saint_John_Mary_Vianney" title="Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney">Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney</a> (PAASJV)</li></ul> <p>There are also multiple monastic communities, including </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Annunciation_of_Clear_Creek" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastery of Our Lady of the Annunciation of Clear Creek">Monastery of Our Lady of the Annunciation of Clear Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_St._Benedict_(Norcia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastery of St. Benedict (Norcia)">Monastery of St. Benedict in Norcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monks_of_the_Most_Blessed_Virgin_Mary_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Monks of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel">Monks of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Cenacle" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastery of Our Lady of the Cenacle">Monastery of Our Lady of the Cenacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Barroux_Abbey" title="Le Barroux Abbey">Le Barroux Abbey</a></li></ul> <p>See <a href="/wiki/Communities_using_the_Tridentine_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities using the Tridentine Mass">Communities using the Tridentine Mass</a> for a more detailed list. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Society_of_Saint_Pius_X">Society of Saint Pius X</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Society of Saint Pius X"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a> (SSPX) was founded in 1970, with the authorization of the bishop of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Lausanne,_Geneva_and_Fribourg" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg">Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg</a>, by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a>. Lefebvre was <a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Dei" title="Ecclesia Dei">declared to have incurred automatic excommunication</a> in 1988, after <a href="/wiki/%C3%89c%C3%B4ne_consecrations" title="Écône consecrations">illicit consecrations</a>. In January 2009 the Prefect of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Bishops" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for Bishops">Congregation for Bishops</a> remitted the excommunications the Congregation had declared to have been incurred by the Society's bishops in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, the Vatican has granted SSPX priests the authority to hear <a href="/wiki/Confession_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Confession in the Catholic Church">confessions</a> and has authorized local <a href="/wiki/Ordinary_(church_officer)" title="Ordinary (church officer)">ordinaries</a>, in certain circumstances, to grant delegation to SSPX priests to act as the qualified witness required for <a href="/wiki/Validity_and_liceity_(Catholic_Church)" title="Validity and liceity (Catholic Church)">valid</a> celebration of <a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">marriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Our Lady of Guadalupe Monastery in <a href="/wiki/Silver_City,_New_Mexico" title="Silver City, New Mexico">Silver City, New Mexico</a>, which is affiliated with the SSPX, is seeking Vatican approval through the society.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, a statement from the Holy See said the SSPX had an irregular canonical status "for the time being".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sedeprivationists">Sedeprivationists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sedeprivationists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sedeprivationism" title="Sedeprivationism">Sedeprivationism</a></div> <p>Sedeprivationists hold that the current occupant of the papal office is a duly elected <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> but lacks the authority and ability to teach or govern unless he recants the changes brought by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>. Sedeprivationists teach that the popes from <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> onward fall into this category.<sup id="cite_ref-Pasulka2015_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pasulka2015-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sedeprivationism is currently endorsed by two groups: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Mater_Boni_Consilii" title="Istituto Mater Boni Consilii">Istituto Mater Boni Consilii</a> (IMBC), led by Superior General Fr. Francesco Ricossa;</li> <li>Roman Catholic Institute (RCI), led by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sanborn" title="Donald Sanborn">Donald Sanborn</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sedevacantists">Sedevacantists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sedevacantists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantists" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedevacantists">Sedevacantists</a> hold that the Vatican II popes have forfeited their position through their acceptance of <a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">heretical teachings</a> connected with the Second Vatican Council and consequently there is at present no true pope.<sup id="cite_ref-HDC_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDC-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They conclude, on the basis of their rejection of the revised Mass rite and of certain aspects of postconciliar Church teaching as false, that the popes involved are also false.<sup id="cite_ref-IUP_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUP-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is a minority position among traditionalist Catholics<sup id="cite_ref-HDC_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDC-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UCP_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCP-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a highly divisive one,<sup id="cite_ref-IUP_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUP-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UCP_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCP-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so that many who hold it prefer to say nothing of their view,<sup id="cite_ref-IUP_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUP-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while other sedevacantists have accepted episcopal <a href="/wiki/Holy_orders" title="Holy orders">ordination</a> from sources such as Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Martin_Ng%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Th%E1%BB%A5c" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục">Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UCP_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCP-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The terms <i>sedevacantist</i> and <i>sedevacantism</i> derive from the Latin phrase <i><a href="/wiki/Sede_vacante" title="Sede vacante">sede vacante</a></i> ("while the chair/<a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">see</a> [of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a>] is vacant").<sup id="cite_ref-HDC_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDC-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sedevacantist groups include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Mary_Immaculate_Queen" title="Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen">Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen</a> (CMRI), formed in 1967. It operates in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia; is based in <a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a>, United States; and is headed by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Mark_Pivarunas" title="Mark Pivarunas">Mark Pivarunas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_V" title="Society of Saint Pius V">Society of Saint Pius V</a> (SSPV), formed in 1983 when nine American priests of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a> split from the organization over a number of issues including using the liturgical reforms implemented under Pope John XXIII.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It operates in North America, is based in <a href="/wiki/Oyster_Bay_Cove,_New_York" title="Oyster Bay Cove, New York">Oyster Bay Cove, New York</a>, United States, and was headed by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Kelly" title="Clarence Kelly">Clarence Kelly</a> until his death in December 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Sociedad Sacerdotal Trento</i></span> (Priestly Society of Trent; SST), formed in 1993 by the priests of the deceased Bishop <a href="/wiki/Mois%C3%A9s_Carmona" title="Moisés Carmona">Moisés Carmona</a>. Its bishop is Bishop <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_D%C3%A1vila_Gandara" title="Martín Dávila Gandara">Martín Dávila Gandara</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conclavists">Conclavists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Conclavists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conclavism" title="Conclavism">Conclavism</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Conclavism" title="Conclavism">Conclavism</a> is the belief and practice of some who, claiming that all recent occupants of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">papal see</a> are not true popes, elect someone else and propose him as the true pope to whom the allegiance of Catholics is due. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Positions">Positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #98285c;border-spacing:0.2em 0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.1em;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.1em 0 0.2em;background:#98285c;font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;color:white;"><b><a href="/wiki/Tory" title="Tory"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Toryism</span></a></b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Oak.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The Royal Oak in which Charles II hid to escape capture by the Roundheads is a prominent symbol of Toryism"><img alt="The Royal Oak in which Charles II hid to escape capture by the Roundheads is a prominent symbol of Toryism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Oak.png/190px-Royal_Oak.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Oak.png/285px-Royal_Oak.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Oak.png/380px-Royal_Oak.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">Characteristics</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterrevolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Counterrevolution">Counterrevolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="High Church">High Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_culture" title="High culture">High culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interventionism_(politics)" title="Interventionism (politics)">Interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalism" title="Loyalism">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism" title="Monarchism">Monarchism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noblesse_oblige" title="Noblesse oblige">Noblesse oblige</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Traditionalism</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Traditionalist Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalist" title="Royalist">Royalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">Unionism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">General topics</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Cavaliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_Parliament" title="Cavalier Parliament">Cavalier Parliament</a></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Clique" class="mw-redirect" title="Château Clique">Château Clique</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_corporatism" title="Conservative corporatism">Conservative corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_right_of_kings" title="Divine right of kings">Divine right of kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Compact" title="Family Compact">Family Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Movement" title="Oxford Movement">Oxford Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powellism" title="Powellism">Powellism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">People </span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Filmer" title="Robert Filmer">Robert Filmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hyde,_1st_Earl_of_Clarendon" title="Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon">1st Earl of Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_L%27Estrange" title="Roger L'Estrange">Roger L'Estrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Hyde,_1st_Earl_of_Rochester" title="Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester">1st Earl of Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke" title="Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke">1st Viscount Bolingbroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart,_3rd_Earl_of_Bute" title="John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute">3rd Earl of Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">1st Duke of Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Stanley Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton">G. K. Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Powell" title="Enoch Powell">Enoch Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grant_(philosopher)" title="George Grant (philosopher)">George Grant</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">Related topics</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlism" title="Carlism">Carlism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouan" title="Chouan">Chouans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristero_War" title="Cristero War">Cristeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">Distributism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Tory" title="High Tory">High Tory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legitimists" title="Legitimists">Legitimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelist" title="Miguelist">Miguelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Tory" title="Pink Tory">Pink Tory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary" title="Reactionary">Reactionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Tory" title="Red Tory">Red Tory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalist_(Spanish_American_independence)" title="Royalist (Spanish American independence)">Spanish American royalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanfedismo" title="Sanfedismo">Sanfedismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory_socialism" title="Tory socialism">Tory socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism" title="Traditionalist conservatism">Traditionalist conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Tories" title="Ultra-Tories">Ultra-Tories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_and_Royal_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic and Royal Army">Vendéens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viva_Maria_(movement)" title="Viva Maria (movement)">Viva Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronese_Easter" title="Veronese Easter">Veronese Easter</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Toryism" title="Template:Toryism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Toryism" title="Template talk:Toryism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Toryism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Toryism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> contrasted the "hermeneutic of discontinuity and rupture" that some apply to the Council (an interpretation adopted both by certain traditionalists and by certain "progressives")<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the "hermeneutic of reform, as it was presented first by Pope John XXIII in his Speech inaugurating the Council on 11 October 1962 and later by Pope Paul VI in his Discourse for the Council's conclusion on 7 December 1965."<sup id="cite_ref-Christmas2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christmas2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made a similar point in a speech to the bishops of Chile in 1988, when he was still Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger:</p><blockquote><p>[Archbishop Lefebvre] declared that he has finally understood that the agreement he signed aimed only at integrating his foundation into the "Conciliar Church". The Catholic Church in union with the Pope is, according to him, the 'Conciliar Church' which has broken with its own past. It seems indeed that he is no longer able to see that we are dealing with the Catholic Church in the totality of its Tradition, and that Vatican II belongs to that.<sup id="cite_ref-Ratzinger:Chile_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ratzinger:Chile-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Responding to a comment that some consider tradition in a rigid way, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> remarked in 2016, "there’s a traditionalism that is a rigid fundamentalism; this is not good. Fidelity on the other hand implies growth. In transmitting the deposit of faith from one epoch to another, tradition grows and consolidates itself with the passing of time, as St <a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_L%C3%A9rins" title="Vincent of Lérins">Vincent of Lérins</a> said [...] 'The dogma of the Christian religion too must follow these laws. It progresses, consolidates itself with the years, developing itself with time, deepening itself with age'.”<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radical_Traditionalists'_assessment_of_Vatican_II"><span id="Radical_Traditionalists.27_assessment_of_Vatican_II"></span>Radical Traditionalists' assessment of Vatican II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Radical Traditionalists' assessment of Vatican II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Radical Traditionalists' claims that substantive changes have taken place in Catholic teaching and practice since the Council often crystallize around the following specific alleged examples: </p> <ul><li>Sedevacantist <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Sanborn" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald J. Sanborn">Donald J. Sanborn</a> rejects an <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">ecclesiology</a> that he claims fails to recognize the Catholic Church as the one true church established by Jesus Christ, and instead holds that the Roman Catholic Church is some subset of the church Christ founded. He sees some of the confusion as stemming from an unclear understanding of the phrase "<a href="/wiki/Subsistit_in" title="Subsistit in">subsists in</a>" which appears in the Vatican II document <i><a href="/wiki/Lumen_gentium" title="Lumen gentium">Lumen gentium</a></i>, and which the Church has declared applies uniquely to the Catholic Church and means the "perduring, historical continuity and permanence of all the elements instituted by Christ in the Catholic Church, in which the Church of Christ is concretely found on this earth". He claims that this "new ecclesiology" contradicts <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Mystici_corporis_Christi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystici corporis Christi">Mystici corporis Christi</a></i> and other papal documents.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/SSPX" class="mw-redirect" title="SSPX">SSPX</a> denounces a teaching on <a href="/wiki/Collegiality_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Collegiality (Catholic Church)">collegiality</a> that attributes to the bishops of the world a share, with the Pope, of responsibility for the Church's governance in a way that it claims is destructive of papal authority and encourages a "national" church mentality that undermines the primacy of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>. It also claims that national <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_conference" title="Episcopal conference">bishops' conferences</a>, whose influence greatly increased following the Council, "diminish the personal responsibility of bishop[s]" within their <a href="/wiki/Dioceses" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioceses">dioceses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_of_the_Radical_Traditionalists'_positions"><span id="Criticism_of_the_Radical_Traditionalists.27_positions"></span>Criticism of the Radical Traditionalists' positions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Criticism of the Radical Traditionalists' positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Those who in response to these criticisms by certain traditionalists defend the decisions of the Second Vatican Council and the subsequent changes made by the Holy See make the following counterclaims: </p> <ul><li>The criticisms are false, exaggerated, or lacking appreciation of the organic character of Tradition, traditionalist criticisms that <i><a href="/wiki/Dignitatis_humanae" title="Dignitatis humanae">Dignitatis humanae</a></i> contradicts the Church's earlier teaching on religious liberty are an example.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Traditionalists who claim that there has been a break from and discontinuity with the Church's traditional teaching are displaying a Protestant attitude of "private judgment" on matters of doctrine instead of accepting the guidance of the Magisterium of the Church.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Traditionalists fail to distinguish properly between changeable pastoral practices (such as the liturgy of the Mass) and the unchangeable principles of the Catholic faith (such as the dogmas surrounding the Mass).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Traditionalists of this kind treat papal authority in much the same way as the dissident, <a href="/wiki/Cafeteria_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeteria Catholic">liberal Catholics</a>. While liberals believe that, on sexual matters, "the Pope can teach whatever he wants... but whether or not he should be listened to is very much an open question", the stance of certain traditionalists on the reform of the Mass liturgy and contemporary teachings on ecumenism and religious liberty amounts to the view that, on these issues, "faithful Catholics are always free to resist [the Pope's] folly. [...] As theories of religious dissent go, Catholic liberals couldn't ask for anything more."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Traditionalists claim that the Second Vatican Council was pastoral (and not infallible), but Paul VI subsequently emphasized the authoritative nature of the Council's teachings.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reception">Reception</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Integrism" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrism">Integrism</a> is traditionalist Catholicism that integrates social and political contexts. Kay Chadwick described Catholic integrism as a holding "<a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonry" title="Anti-Masonry">anti-Masonic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anti-liberalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-liberalism">anti-liberal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">anti-Communist</a>" political objectives. She also noted its alignment with the <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing</a> press and an annual Parisian <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a> procession with participation by both integrists and <a href="/wiki/National_Front_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Front (France)">National Front</a> supporters. A Tridentine Mass was celebrated before the annual <a href="/wiki/National_Front_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Front (France)">National Front party</a> meeting. Lefebvre was fined in France for "racial defamation" and "<a href="/wiki/Incitement_to_racial_hatred" class="mw-redirect" title="Incitement to racial hatred">incitement to racial hatred</a>" for proposing the removal of immigrants – particularly <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> – from Europe. Lefebvre also supported Latin American dictatorships, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras">Charles Maurras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a>, and the continued occupation of <a href="/wiki/French_Algeria" title="French Algeria">French Algeria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a> (SPLC) used the term <i>radical traditionalist Catholics</i> to refer to those who "may make up the largest single group of serious <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">anti-Semites</a> in America, subscribe to an ideology that is rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Vatican</a> and some 70 million mainstream American Catholics. Many of their leaders have been condemned and even <a href="/wiki/Excommunicate" class="mw-redirect" title="Excommunicate">excommunicated</a> by the official church."<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SPLC claims that adherents of radical traditional Catholicism "routinely pillory Jews as 'the perpetual enemy of Christ'",<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reject the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">ecumenical</a> efforts of the Vatican, and sometimes assert that all recent Popes are illegitimate.<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SPLC says that adherents are "incensed by the liberalizing reforms" of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> (1962–1965) which condemned <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Christianity" title="Antisemitism in Christianity">hatred for Jewish people</a> and "rejected the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_deicide" title="Jewish deicide">accusation that Jews are collectively responsible for deicide</a> in the form of the <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucifixion of Christ</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that "Radical traditional Catholics" also embrace "extremely <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">conservative social ideals</a> with respect to women."<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The SPLC clarifies: "Radical traditionalists are not the same as Catholics who call themselves 'traditionalists'—people who prefer the old Latin Mass to the mass now typically said in vernacular languages—although the radicals, as well, like their liturgy in Latin."<sup id="cite_ref-rtci_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Practices">Practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditionalist Catholicism has been described as "a self-conscious revival of the liturgies, practices, and trappings of an earlier time in the Catholic Church" and this manifests in a number of ways.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rite_of_Mass">Rite of Mass</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Rite of Mass"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Cecilia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Santa_Cecilia.jpg/220px-Santa_Cecilia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Santa_Cecilia.jpg/330px-Santa_Cecilia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Santa_Cecilia.jpg/440px-Santa_Cecilia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="1186" /></a><figcaption>Altar of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cecilia_in_Trastevere" title="Santa Cecilia in Trastevere">Santa Cecilia in Trastevere</a>, erected in 1700 and still used today. It faces both east and <i>versus populum</i> (towards the people).</figcaption></figure> <p>The best-known and most visible sign of Catholic traditionalism is an attachment to the form that the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> liturgy of the <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> had before the <a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">liturgical reform of 1969–1970</a>, in the various editions of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a> published between 1570 and 1962. This form is generally known as the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a>, though traditionalists usually prefer to call it the <i>Traditional Mass</i>. Many refer to it as the <i>Latin Mass</i>, though <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> is the language also of the official text of the <a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">post-Vatican II Mass</a>, to which vernacular translations are obliged to conform, and <a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">canon law</a> states that "the eucharistic celebration is to be carried out <i>in the Latin language</i> or in another language provided that the liturgical texts have been legitimately approved."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his 2007 <a href="/wiki/Motu_proprio" title="Motu proprio">motu proprio</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> relaxed the regulations on use of the 1962 Missal, designating it "an" extraordinary form of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a>, as opposed to "the" ordinary or normal form, as revised successively by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Pope ruled that priests of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a> can freely choose between the 1962 Roman Missal and the <a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">later edition</a> "in Masses celebrated without the people".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such celebrations may be attended by those who spontaneously ask to be allowed.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Priests in charge of churches can permit stable groups of laypeople attached to the earlier form to have Mass celebrated for them in that form, provided that the celebrating priest is "qualified to [celebrate] and not juridically impeded".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Society of Saint Pius X welcomed the document, but referred to "difficulties that still remain", including "disputed doctrinal issues" and the notice of excommunication that still affected its bishops.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, Pope Francis promulgated <i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i>, amending and abrogating parts of <i>Summorum Pontificum</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Individual_and_private_devotions">Individual and private devotions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Individual and private devotions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some traditionalist Catholics stress on following customs prevailing immediately before the Second Vatican Council, such as the following: </p> <ul><li><b>Fasting from Midnight until the reception of <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Holy Communion</a></b>. The traditional Catholic rule of fasting from midnight until the reception of Holy Communion (this Eucharistic Fast is from both food and liquids), which is required by the <a href="/wiki/1917_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1917 Code of Canon Law">1917 <i>Code of Canon Law</i></a>, was shortened in 1953 by Pope Pius XII to a 3-hour fast.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1966, Pope Paul VI reduced the fast further to one hour, a rule included in the 1983 <i>Code of Canon Law</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some traditional Catholics groups require fasting from midnight until they receive Holy Communion at Mass, while others will keep a Eucharistic fast for at least three hours.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Kneeling to receive Communion directly upon the tongue</b>, under the Host species alone, and from the hand of a cleric rather than a layperson. The SSPX regards the practice of receiving communion in the hand (though ancient<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and authorised by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) as an abuse.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Women wearing a <a href="/wiki/Christian_Headcovering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Headcovering">headcovering</a> when praying at home and when worshipping inside a church</b> which is discussed in <a href="/wiki/1_Corinthians_11" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Corinthians 11">1 Corinthians 11</a> and required by the 1917 <i>Code of Canon Law</i>. Many Traditionalist Catholic women wear a veil, a hat, or a headscarf when praying at home and when worshipping inside a church.<sup id="cite_ref-Fisher2019_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fisher2019-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cieslik_2021_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cieslik_2021-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clothing_and_lifestyle">Clothing and lifestyle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Clothing and lifestyle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditional Catholics, with respect to male and female gender roles, often adhere to the doctrine of <a href="/wiki/Complementarianism" title="Complementarianism">complementarianism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The standards of clothing among Traditional Catholics, based on instructions given by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XI" title="Pope Pius XI">Pope Pius XI</a> and consequently promoted by the Purity Crusade of <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a> Immaculate, is referred to as "Mary-like Modesty", which includes for women, wearing sleeves "extending at least to the elbows" and "skirts reaching below the knees", as well as having a neckline no more than two inches with the rest of the bodice fully covered.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Evans2012_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans2012-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is commonplace for women who identify as traditionalist Catholics to wear a <a href="/wiki/Christian_headcovering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian headcovering">head covering</a> (veil) while praying at home and attending celebrations of the <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fisher2019_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fisher2019-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church">In the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: In the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the Second Vatican Council, various <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> have removed some practices and emphases that were derived from those of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a>. Opposition to this has been given relatively high publicity with regard to the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</a> (UGCC). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even before the Second Vatican Council the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> declared it important to guard and preserve whole and entire forever the customs and distinct forms for administering the sacraments in use in the Eastern Catholic Churches (<a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a>, encyclical <i><a href="/wiki/Orientalium_Dignitas" class="mw-redirect" title="Orientalium Dignitas">Orientalium Dignitas</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leo's successor <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pope Pius X</a> said that the priests of the newly created <a href="/wiki/Russian_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Catholic Church">Russian Catholic Church</a> should offer the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> <i>Nec Plus, Nec Minus, Nec Aliter</i> ("No more, No Less, No Different") than priests of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_latinisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical latinisation">liturgical de-latinization</a> began with the 1930s corrections of the liturgical books by Metropolitan <a href="/wiki/Andrey_Sheptytsky" title="Andrey Sheptytsky">Andrey Sheptytsky</a>. According to his biographer Cyril Korolevsky, Metropolitan Andrey opposed use of coercion against those who remained attached to Latin liturgical practices, fearing that any attempt to do so would lead to a Greek Catholic equivalent of the <a href="/wiki/Raskol" class="mw-redirect" title="Raskol">1666 Schism</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De-latinization in the UGCC gained further momentum with the 1964 decree <i><a href="/wiki/Orientalium_Ecclesiarum" title="Orientalium Ecclesiarum">Orientalium Ecclesiarum</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>) and several subsequent documents. Latinizations were discarded within the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora" title="Ukrainian diaspora">Ukrainian diaspora</a>, while among Byzantine Catholics in Western Ukraine, forced into a clandestine existence following the Soviet ban on the UGCC, the latinizations remained, "an important component of their underground practices".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, some priests, nuns, and candidates for the priesthood found themselves, "forced towards the periphery of the church since 1989 because of their wish to 'keep the tradition'." In some eparchies, particularly those of <a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a>-<a href="/wiki/Zboriv" title="Zboriv">Zboriv</a>, the bishops would immediately suspend any priest who, "displayed his inclination toward 'traditionalist' practices".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vlad Naumescu reports that an article in the February 2003 issue of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patriayarkhat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patriayarkhat (page does not exist)">Patriayarkhat</a></i>, the official journal of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, written by a student of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_University" title="Ukrainian Catholic University">Ukrainian Catholic University</a>, which since its 1994 foundation has been, "the strongest progressive voice within the Church". The article named priests and parishes in every <a href="/wiki/Eparchy" title="Eparchy">eparchy</a> in Ukraine as being involved in "a well-organized movement" and who described themselves as "traditionalists". According to the article, they constituted "a parallel structure" with connections with the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_St._Pius_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of St. Pius X">Society of St. Pius X</a> and with a charismatic leader in Fr. <a href="/wiki/Basil_Kovpak" title="Basil Kovpak">Basil Kovpak</a>, the Pastor of St. Peter and Paul's Church in the <a href="/wiki/Suburb" title="Suburb">suburb</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>-Riasne.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Vlad Naumescu, "Religious life in a traditionalist parish followed the model of the 'underground church.' Devotions were more intense, with each priest promoting his parish as a 'place of pilgrimage' for the neighboring areas, thus drawing larger crowds on Sunday than his local parish could provide. On Sundays and feast days, religious services took place three times a day (in Riasne), and the Sunday liturgy lasted for two and a half to three hours. The main religious celebrations took place outside the church in the middle of the neighborhood, and on every occasion traditionalists organized long processions through the entire locality. The community was strongly united by its common opponent, re-enacting the model of the 'defender of faith' common to times of repression. This model, which presupposes clear-cut attitudes and a firm moral stance, mobilized the community and reproduced the former determination of the 'underground' believers."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat">Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat" title="Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat">Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat</a> (SSJK), which operates a seminary, <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monks" title="Basilian monks">Basilian</a> convent, and numerous parishes, receives priestly orders from the bishops of the SSPX. Its superior, Father <a href="/wiki/Basil_Kovpak" title="Basil Kovpak">Basil Kovpak</a>, has accused the UGCC hierarchy of using intense psychological pressure against priests who are reluctant or unwilling to de-Latinise. </p><p>In 2003, Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Liubomyr_Huzar" title="Liubomyr Huzar">Liubomyr Huzar</a>, Major Archbishops of Kyiv-Galicia, excommunicated Father Kovpak, but this act was later declared null and void by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a> due to lack of canonical form. </p><p>On 22 November 2006, <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Williamson_(bishop)" title="Richard Williamson (bishop)">Richard Williamson</a>, who was then a member of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_St._Pius_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of St. Pius X">Society of St. Pius X</a> (SSPX), ordained two priests and seven deacons in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, for the SSJK. Fr. John Jenkins, an SSPX priest who was present, later remarked, "We were all very edified by their piety, and I myself was astonished by the resemblance of the atmosphere amongst the seminarians with that which I knew in the seminary – this in spite of the difference of language, nationality and even rite."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archeparch <a href="/wiki/Ihor_Vozniak" title="Ihor Vozniak">Ihor Vozniak</a> of Lviv, the Archeparchy in which the PSSJ is most active, denounced the ordinations as a "criminal act", and condemned Fr. Kovpak's participation in the ceremony. He stressed that the two priests whom Bishop Williamson had ordained would not receive faculties within the Archeparchy.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Officials of the Lviv archdiocese said that Kovpak could face <a href="/wiki/Excommunication" title="Excommunication">excommunication</a>, and that <i>"'he deceives the church by declaring that he is a Greek (Byzantine) Catholic priest,' while supporting a group </i>[SSPX]<i> that uses the old Latin liturgy exclusively, eschewing the Byzantine tradition, and does not maintain allegiance to the Holy See."</i><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Father Kovpak's excommunication process was restarted by the hierarchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a> on 23 November 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-Ukrainian_priest_excommunicated_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ukrainian_priest_excommunicated-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sedevacantism_and_Conclavism_in_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church">Sedevacantism and Conclavism in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Sedevacantism and Conclavism in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church</a></div> <p>In March 2008 a group of <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Basil_the_Great" title="Order of Saint Basil the Great">Basilian</a> priests in <a href="/wiki/Pidhirtsi" title="Pidhirtsi">Pidhirtsi</a>, Ukraine, announced that four of them had been consecrated as bishops in order to save the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) from heresy and apostasy and in August 2009, they announced the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having elected <a href="/wiki/Czech_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech people">Czech</a> Basilian priest Fr. Anthony Elias Dohnal as "Patriarch Elijah", they declared <a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">that the Holy See was vacant</a>, establishing the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church</a> (UOGCC).<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group was promptly excommunicated by the UGCC,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an act that was later confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UOGCC later <a href="/wiki/Conclavism" title="Conclavism">"elected" a new Pope</a>, Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Vigan%C3%B2" title="Carlo Maria Viganò">Carlo Maria Viganò</a> the former <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Nunciature_to_the_United_States" title="Apostolic Nunciature to the United States">Apostolic Nuncio to the United States</a>, in October 2019. Whether Viganò accepted this "election" is unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have been allegations in both <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> and the Lviv-based newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Expres" title="Expres">Expres</a></i> that the church leadership is linked to the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Russia)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)">Russian intelligence services</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relations_with_the_Holy_See">Relations with the Holy See</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Relations with the Holy See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Holy See recognises as fully legitimate the preference that many Catholics have for the earlier forms of worship. This was stated in Pope John Paul II's 1988 apostolic letter <i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Dei" title="Ecclesia Dei">Ecclesia Dei</a></i> and Pope Benedict XVI's 2007 <a href="/wiki/Motu_proprio" title="Motu proprio">motu proprio</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i>. The Holy See does not extend its approval to those who oppose the present-day Church leadership, which is reiterated in <i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_Custodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditionis Custodes">Traditionis Custodes</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecclesia_Dei_Commission"><i>Ecclesia Dei</i> Commission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Ecclesia Dei Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei</a> was founded in July 1988 in the wake of John Paul II's apostolic letter <i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Dei" title="Ecclesia Dei">Ecclesia Dei</a></i>. Benedict XVI was a member of the Commission during his tenure as Cardinal Prefect of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>. Speaking on 16 May 2007 to the Fifth General Conference of the Bishops of Latin America and the Caribbean, Cardinal Castrillón, the current head of the Commission, said his department had been founded for the care of those "traditionalist Catholics" who, while discontented with the liturgical reform of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>, had broken with Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a> "because they disagreed with his schismatic action in ordaining Bishops without the required papal mandate". He added that at present the Commission's activity is not limited to the service of those Catholics, nor to "the efforts undertaken to end the regrettable schismatic situation and secure the return of those brethren belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_St._Pius_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of St. Pius X">Fraternity of Saint Pius X</a> to <a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a>." It extends also, he said, to "satisfying the just aspirations of people, unrelated to the two aforementioned groups, who, because of their specific sensitiveness, wish to keep alive the earlier <a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin liturgy</a> in the celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a> and the other <a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">sacraments</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, Pope Francis suppressed this commission and transferred its responsibilities directly to the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Validity_of_holy_orders">Validity of holy orders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Validity of holy orders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The conferring of <a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">holy orders</a> may be <a href="/wiki/Valid_but_illicit" class="mw-redirect" title="Valid but illicit">valid but illicit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Catholic Church considers the orders of traditionalist clergy who are in good standing with the Holy See, such as the clergy of the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter or the Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest, to be both valid and licit. It sees as valid but illicit the orders of the bishops and priests of the Society of Saint Pius X, and accordingly considers them to be forbidden by law to exercise priestly offices, but still technically priests.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The Holy See declared devoid of canonical effect the consecration ceremony conducted by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Martin_Ng%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Th%E1%BB%A5c" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục">Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Catholic_Church" title="Palmarian Catholic Church">Carmelite Order of the Holy Face</a> group on December 31,1975, while expressly refraining from pronouncing on its validity. It made the same statement with regard also to any later ordinations that those bishops might confer, saying that: </p><blockquote><p>as for those who have already thus unlawfully received ordination or any who may yet accept ordination from these, whatever may be the validity of the orders (<i>quidquid sit de ordinum validitate</i>), the Church does not and will not recognise their ordination (<i>ipsorum ordinationem</i>), and will consider them, for all legal effects, as still in the state in which they were before, except that the [...] penalties remain until they repent.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council#Demography" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council § Demography</a></div> <p>In 2005, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_World_News" title="Catholic World News">Catholic World News</a> reported that "the Vatican" estimated the number of those served by the Fraternity of St Peter, the Society of St Pius X and similar groups at "close to 1 million".<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_groups">List of groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: List of groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Communities_using_the_Tridentine_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities using the Tridentine Mass">Communities using the Tridentine Mass</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Special:EditPage/Traditionalist Catholicism">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This is a list of notable traditionalist Catholic groups. Some are in full communion with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>; some have irregular status according to doctrines and disciplines of the Catholic Church. </p><p>As of 2023, largest priestly communities described as traditionalist are <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX)</a> with 707 priests, <a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_Saint_Peter" title="Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter">Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter (FSSP)</a> with 368 priests, <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King_Sovereign_Priest" title="Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest (ICKSP)</a> with 147 priests and <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Institute of the Good Shepherd">Institute of the Good Shepherd (IBP)</a> with 61 priests. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canonically_regular_traditionalist_groups">Canonically regular traditionalist groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Canonically regular traditionalist groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_Saint_John_Cantius" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius">Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_New_Jerusalem" title="Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem">Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foederatio_Internationalis_Una_Voce" class="mw-redirect" title="Foederatio Internationalis Una Voce">Foederatio Internationalis Una Voce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juventutem" title="Juventutem">Fœderatio Internationalis Juventutem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternity_of_Saint_Vincent_Ferrer" title="Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer">Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heralds_of_the_Gospel" title="Heralds of the Gospel">Heralds of the Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King_Sovereign_Priest" title="Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Institute of the Good Shepherd">Institute of the Good Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Mass_Society_of_England_and_Wales" title="Latin Mass Society of England and Wales">Latin Mass Society of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_Templi" title="Militia Templi">Militia Templi; The Poor Knights of Christ</a> also called the <i>Order of the Poor Knights of Christ</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Apostolic_Administration_of_Saint_John_Mary_Vianney" title="Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney">Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_St._Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter">Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaves_of_the_Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary">Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary</a> (Still River, MA group only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_Most_Holy_Redeemer" title="Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer">Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimes_Square" title="Dimes Square">Dimes Square</a> Catholics<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canonically_irregular_traditionalist_groups">Canonically irregular traditionalist groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Canonically irregular traditionalist groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternite_Notre_Dame" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraternite Notre Dame">Fraternite Notre Dame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servants_of_the_Holy_Family" title="Servants of the Holy Family">Servants of the Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat" title="Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat">Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionaries_of_St._John_the_Baptist" title="Missionaries of St. John the Baptist">Missionaries of St. John the Baptist</a> in Park Hills, Kentucky</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sedevacantist_groups">Sedevacantist groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Sedevacantist groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Mary_Immaculate_Queen" title="Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen">Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Most_Holy_Family_Monastery" title="Most Holy Family Monastery">Most Holy Family Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_V" title="Society of Saint Pius V">Society of Saint Pius V</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sedeprivationist_groups">Sedeprivationist groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sedeprivationist groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Mater_Boni_Consilii" title="Istituto Mater Boni Consilii">Istituto Mater Boni Consilii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Roman_Catholic_Movement" title="Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement">Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conclavist_groups">Conclavist groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Conclavist groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Christian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmarian Christian Church">Palmarian Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctrinal_and_liturgical_issues">Doctrinal and liturgical issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Doctrinal and liturgical issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cafeteria_Catholicism" title="Cafeteria Catholicism">Cafeteria Catholicism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Extra_Ecclesiam_nulla_salus" title="Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus">Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeneyism" title="Feeneyism">Feeneyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism#Catholic_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Catholic fundamentalism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparable_phenomena_in_other_churches">Comparable phenomena in other churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Comparable phenomena in other churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a>, a comparable phenomenon in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> which dates back to the 17th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="True Orthodoxy">True Orthodoxy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Calendarism" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Calendarism">Old Calendarism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Catacomb_Church" title="Catacomb Church">Catacomb Church</a>—comparable phenomena in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> that date to the 1920s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_Anglican_movement" title="Continuing Anglican movement">Continuing Anglican movement</a>, a comparable phenomenon in the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessing_Movement" title="Confessing Movement">Confessing Movement</a>, a similar movement in <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainline Protestant</a> denominations</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Catholicism">Old Catholicism</a>, which started in comparable circumstances surrounding <a href="/wiki/Papal_infallibility" title="Papal infallibility">papal infallibility</a> and the <a href="/wiki/First_Vatican_Council" title="First Vatican Council">First Vatican Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Germany#Censorship" title="Freedom of religion in Germany">Freedom of religion in Germany § Censorship</a>, for a discussion about a traditionalist Catholic news service which was shut down</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Remnant_(newspaper)" title="The Remnant (newspaper)"><i>The Remnant</i></a> – an American newspaper dedicated to traditionalist themes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Newman_Society" title="Cardinal Newman Society">Cardinal Newman Society</a>, American group focused on traditional education</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_O%27Lakes_Statement" title="Land O'Lakes Statement">Land O'Lakes Statement</a> 1967 manifesto that angered traditionalists</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Collinge_2012-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Collinge_2012_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCollinge2012" class="citation book cs1">Collinge, William J. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L8C3TKNdn5oC&pg=PA433">"Traditionalism"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Catholicism</i>. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements Series (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Lanham,_Maryland" title="Lanham, Maryland">Lanham, Maryland</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. pp. 433–434. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7979-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7979-9"><bdi>978-0-8108-7979-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2011035077">2011035077</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Traditionalism&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Catholicism&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.series=Historical+Dictionaries+of+Religions%2C+Philosophies%2C+and+Movements+Series&rft.pages=433-434&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2011035077&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7979-9&rft.aulast=Collinge&rft.aufirst=William+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL8C3TKNdn5oC%26pg%3DPA433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rtci-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtci_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-files/ideology/radical-traditional-catholicism">"Radical Traditional Catholicism"</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Files&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Files (page does not exist)">Intelligence Files</a></i>, Southern Poverty Law Center, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ochstein2017-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ochstein2017_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOchstein2017" class="citation web cs1">Ochstein, Jennifer (7 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2017/09/07/progressive-feminist-evangelical-considers-joining-catholic-church">"A progressive, feminist evangelical considers joining the Catholic Church"</a>. <a href="/wiki/America_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="America Magazine">America Magazine</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+progressive%2C+feminist+evangelical+considers+joining+the+Catholic+Church&rft.pub=America+Magazine&rft.date=2017-09-07&rft.aulast=Ochstein&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americamagazine.org%2Ffaith%2F2017%2F09%2F07%2Fprogressive-feminist-evangelical-considers-joining-catholic-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=1056">"Library : Schismatic Traditionalists"</a>. <i>www.catholicculture.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.catholicculture.org&rft.atitle=Library+%3A+Schismatic+Traditionalists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicculture.org%2Fculture%2Flibrary%2Fview.cfm%3Frecnum%3D1056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllitt1993" class="citation book cs1">Allitt, Patrick (1993). <i>Catholic intellectuals and conservative politics in America, 1950–1985</i>. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. p. 130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-2295-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-2295-9"><bdi>978-0-8014-2295-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catholic+intellectuals+and+conservative+politics+in+America%2C+1950%E2%80%931985&rft.place=Ithaca&rft.pages=130&rft.pub=Cornell+Univ.+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-2295-9&rft.aulast=Allitt&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dugan1974-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dugan1974_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dugan1974_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dugan1974_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDugan1974" class="citation web cs1">Dugan, George (6 January 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1974/01/06/archives/latin-mass-of-old-is-luring-catholics-other-chapels-established.html">"Latin Mass of Old Is Luring Catholics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Latin+Mass+of+Old+Is+Luring+Catholics&rft.date=1974-01-06&rft.aulast=Dugan&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1974%2F01%2F06%2Farchives%2Flatin-mass-of-old-is-luring-catholics-other-chapels-established.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/letters/2009/documents/hf_ben-xvi_let_20090310_remissione-scomunica.html">"Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic Church concerning the remission of the excommunication of the four Bishops consecrated by Archbishop Lefebvre (March 10, 2009) | BENEDICT XVI"</a>. <i>www.vatican.va</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vatican.va&rft.atitle=Letter+to+the+Bishops+of+the+Catholic+Church+concerning+the+remission+of+the+excommunication+of+the+four+Bishops+consecrated+by+Archbishop+Lefebvre+%28March+10%2C+2009%29+%26%23124%3B+BENEDICT+XVI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fbenedict-xvi%2Fen%2Fletters%2F2009%2Fdocuments%2Fhf_ben-xvi_let_20090310_remissione-scomunica.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pasulka2015-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pasulka2015_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pasulka2015_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPasulka2015" class="citation book cs1">Pasulka, Diana Walsh (2015). <i>Heaven Can Wait: Purgatory in Catholic Devotional and Popular Culture</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538202-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-538202-0"><bdi>978-0-19-538202-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heaven+Can+Wait%3A+Purgatory+in+Catholic+Devotional+and+Popular+Culture&rft.pages=180&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-19-538202-0&rft.aulast=Pasulka&rft.aufirst=Diana+Walsh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090131153433/http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0900355.htm">"Pope lifts excommunications of Lefebvrite bishops"</a>. Catholicnews.com. 27 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0900355.htm">the original</a> on January 31, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pope+lifts+excommunications+of+Lefebvrite+bishops&rft.pub=Catholicnews.com&rft.date=2009-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnews.com%2Fdata%2Fstories%2Fcns%2F0900355.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.radiovaticana.va/news/2017/04/04/new_pastoral_provisions_for_sacrament_of_marriage_for_sspx/1303274">"New pastoral provisions for Sacrament of Marriage for SSPX"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=New+pastoral+provisions+for+Sacrament+of+Marriage+for+SSPX&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.radiovaticana.va%2Fnews%2F2017%2F04%2F04%2Fnew_pastoral_provisions_for_sacrament_of_marriage_for_sspx%2F1303274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVillagran2013" class="citation news cs1">Villagran, Lauren (25 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abqjournal.com/326264/spiritual-quest-draws-men-to-monastery.html">"Men come to monastery 'to seek God'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque_Journal" title="Albuquerque Journal">Albuquerque Journal</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Albuquerque+Journal&rft.atitle=Men+come+to+monastery+%27to+seek+God%27&rft.date=2013-12-25&rft.aulast=Villagran&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abqjournal.com%2F326264%2Fspiritual-quest-draws-men-to-monastery.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamb2017" class="citation web cs1">Lamb, Christopher (2017-04-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/6940/francis-grants-sspx-right-to-celebrate-marriage-in-sign-of-reconciliation-">"Francis grants SSPX right to celebrate marriage in sign of reconciliation"</a>. <i>The Tablet</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tablet&rft.atitle=Francis+grants+SSPX+right+to+celebrate+marriage+in+sign+of+reconciliation&rft.date=2017-04-05&rft.aulast=Lamb&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetablet.co.uk%2Fnews%2F6940%2Ffrancis-grants-sspx-right-to-celebrate-marriage-in-sign-of-reconciliation-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDC-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HDC_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDC_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDC_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollinge2012" class="citation book cs1">Collinge, William J. (23 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L8C3TKNdn5oC&pg=PA399"><i>Historical Dictionary of Catholicism</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810879799" title="Special:BookSources/9780810879799"><bdi>9780810879799</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Catholicism&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012-02-23&rft.isbn=9780810879799&rft.aulast=Collinge&rft.aufirst=William+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL8C3TKNdn5oC%26pg%3DPA399&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IUP-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUP_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUP_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUP_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaverScott_Appleby1995" class="citation book cs1">Weaver, Mary Jo; Scott Appleby, R. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yUqp1_31B-MC&pg=PA257"><i>Being Right</i></a>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0253329221" title="Special:BookSources/0253329221"><bdi>0253329221</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Being+Right&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0253329221&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Mary+Jo&rft.au=Scott+Appleby%2C+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyUqp1_31B-MC%26pg%3DPA257&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UCP-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UCP_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UCP_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UCP_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qd5yzP5hdiEC&pg=PA88"><i>Fundamentalisms Observed</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. July 1994. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226508788" title="Special:BookSources/9780226508788"><bdi>9780226508788</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamentalisms+Observed&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1994-07&rft.isbn=9780226508788&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dqd5yzP5hdiEC%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A more comprehensive list of objections can be found at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.traditionalmass.org/articles/article.php?id=48&catname=12">"Letter of 'the Nine' to Abp. Marcel Lefebvre"</a>, <i>The Roman Catholic</i>, Traditional mass, May 1983</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Roman+Catholic&rft.atitle=Letter+of+%27the+Nine%27+to+Abp.+Marcel+Lefebvre&rft.date=1983-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.traditionalmass.org%2Farticles%2Farticle.php%3Fid%3D48%26catname%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dufresneandcavanaugh.com/tribute/details/1824/The-Most-Reverend-Bishop-Clarence-Kelly/obituary.html">"Obituary of The Most Reverend Clarence J. Kelly | Dufresne & Cavanaugh Funeral Home"</a>. <i>dufresneandcavanaugh.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summorum+Pontificum%2C+art.+5&rft.pub=Sanctamissa.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanctamissa.org%2Fen%2Fresources%2Fsummorum-pontificum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219085433/http://fsspx.org/eng/index.html">"Press Release from the General Superior of the Priestly Society of Saint Pius X, 7 July 2007"</a>. Fsspx.org. 17 June 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fsspx.org/eng/index.html">the original</a> on 19 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Release+from+the+General+Superior+of+the+Priestly+Society+of+Saint+Pius+X%2C+7+July+2007&rft.pub=Fsspx.org&rft.date=2011-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fsspx.org%2Feng%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen2021" class="citation news cs1">Allen, Elise Ann (16 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cruxnow.com/vatican/2021/07/francis-reverses-benedicts-liberalization-of-use-of-older-latin-mass/">"Francis reverses Benedict's liberalization of use of older Latin Mass"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Crux_(online_newspaper)" title="Crux (online newspaper)">Crux</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crux&rft.atitle=Francis+reverses+Benedict%27s+liberalization+of+use+of+older+Latin+Mass&rft.date=2021-07-16&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Elise+Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcruxnow.com%2Fvatican%2F2021%2F07%2Ffrancis-reverses-benedicts-liberalization-of-use-of-older-latin-mass%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/library/PAPALDOC/P12FAST.HTM">"Motu proprio <i>Sacram communionem</i>"</a>. Ewtn.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Motu+proprio+Sacram+communionem&rft.pub=Ewtn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Flibrary%2FPAPALDOC%2FP12FAST.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/_P38.HTM">"Canon 919"</a>. Intratext.com. 4 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canon+919&rft.pub=Intratext.com&rft.date=2007-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.intratext.com%2FIXT%2FENG0017%2F_P38.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cmri.org/baltimore-catechism-no-2/baltimore-catechism-no-2-lessons-21-30/">"Lesson 28 — Holy Communion"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Mary_Immaculate_Queen" title="Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen">Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen</a>. 6 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2021</span>. <q>3. All Catholics may receive Holy Communion after fasting three hours from food and alcoholic drinks and one hour from non-alcoholic drinks. This rule applies to Holy Communion at midnight Mass as well as at Masses celebrated in the morning, afternoon or evening. A priest's permission is not needed. 4. Catholics are urged to observe the eucharistic fast from midnight as formerly, and also to compensate for the use of the new privileges by works of charity and penance, but these practices are not obligatory.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lesson+28+%E2%80%94+Holy+Communion&rft.pub=Congregation+of+Mary+Immaculate+Queen&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcmri.org%2Fbaltimore-catechism-no-2%2Fbaltimore-catechism-no-2-lessons-21-30%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMater_Dei_Latin_Mass_Parish2017" class="citation web cs1">Mater Dei Latin Mass Parish (2017-02-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://materdeiparish.com/2017/02/fasting-abstinence-current-traditional-practices/">"Fasting and Abstinence - Current and Traditional Practices"</a>. <i>Mater Dei Catholic Parish</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mater+Dei+Catholic+Parish&rft.atitle=Fasting+and+Abstinence+-+Current+and+Traditional+Practices&rft.date=2017-02-23&rft.au=Mater+Dei+Latin+Mass+Parish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaterdeiparish.com%2F2017%2F02%2Ffasting-abstinence-current-traditional-practices%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d_HP1iaiCcgC&hl=en">Anscar J. Chupungco, Handbook for Liturgical Studies: The Eucharist</a> (Liturgical Press, 1999 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8146-6163-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8146-6163-7">0-8146-6163-7</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-6163-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-6163-5">978-0-8146-6163-5</a>) p. 307</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZcAJHpwA_IC&hl=en">Michael Kunzler, The Church's Liturgy</a> (LIT Verlag Berlin-Hamburg-Münster, 2001 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8258-4854-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-8258-4854-X">3-8258-4854-X</a>, 9783825848545), p. 241</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/expert/answers/communion_in_hand.htm">Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship, Letter "En réponse a la demande" to presidents of those conferences of bishops petitioning the indult for communion in the hand, 29 May 1969</a> published also in <a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a>, 61 (1969) 546–547</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060214004527/http://sspx.org/SSPX_FAQs/q5_novusordo.htm">Why should Catholics have nothing to do with the Novus Ordo Missae?</a>. sspx.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fisher2019-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fisher2019_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fisher2019_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2019" class="citation web cs1">Fisher, Simcha (3 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2019/12/03/types-women-who-veil-mass">"The types of women who veil at Mass"</a>. <a href="/wiki/America_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="America Magazine">America Magazine</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+types+of+women+who+veil+at+Mass&rft.pub=America+Magazine&rft.date=2019-12-03&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Simcha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americamagazine.org%2Ffaith%2F2019%2F12%2F03%2Ftypes-women-who-veil-mass&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cieslik_2021-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cieslik_2021_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCieslik2021" class="citation web cs1">Cieslik, Emma (4 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://folklife.si.edu/magazine/catholic-material-religion-modern-america">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Smells and Bells": Catholic Material Religion in Twenty-First-Century America"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Folklife_and_Cultural_Heritage" title="Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage">Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E2%80%9CSmells+and+Bells%E2%80%9D%3A+Catholic+Material+Religion+in+Twenty-First-Century+America&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Center+for+Folklife+and+Cultural+Heritage&rft.date=2021-10-04&rft.aulast=Cieslik&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffolklife.si.edu%2Fmagazine%2Fcatholic-material-religion-modern-america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schar, Amanda. "Feminism and Faith: How Women Find Empowerment in the Roman Catholic Church" (2019). <i>Celebration of Learning</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoczar2013" class="citation book cs1">Moczar, Diane (2013). <i>The Church Under Attack: Five Hundred Years that Split the Church and Scattered the Flock</i>. Sophia Institute Press. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933184-93-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933184-93-7"><bdi>978-1-933184-93-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Church+Under+Attack%3A+Five+Hundred+Years+that+Split+the+Church+and+Scattered+the+Flock&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Sophia+Institute+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-933184-93-7&rft.aulast=Moczar&rft.aufirst=Diane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans2012-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Evans2012_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2012" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Rachel Held (2012). <i>A Year of Biblical Womanhood</i>. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_(publisher)" title="Thomas Nelson (publisher)">Thomas Nelson</a>. p. 126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59555-367-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59555-367-6"><bdi>978-1-59555-367-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Year+of+Biblical+Womanhood&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Thomas+Nelson&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-59555-367-6&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rachel+Held&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPope_Leo_XIIl1894" class="citation web cs1">Pope Leo XIIl (30 November 1894). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Leo13/l13orient.htm">"Orientalium dignitas"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Orientalium+dignitas&rft.date=1894-11-30&rft.au=Pope+Leo+XIIl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.papalencyclicals.net%2FLeo13%2Fl13orient.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/250135379">"Eastern Catholic Churches and the Question of 'Uniatism'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>ResearchGate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ResearchGate&rft.atitle=Eastern+Catholic+Churches+and+the+Question+of+%27Uniatism%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F250135379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_Thomas_KurianMark_A._Lamport2016" class="citation book cs1">George Thomas Kurian; Mark A. 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Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 1724. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-4432-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-4432-0"><bdi>978-1-4422-4432-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Christianity+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=1724&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2016-11-10&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-4432-0&rft.au=George+Thomas+Kurian&rft.au=Mark+A.+Lamport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D73xfDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1724&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cyril Korolevsky, <i>Metropolitan Andrew (1868–1944)</i>, Translated and Edited by Fr. Serge Keleher. Stauropegion Brotherhood, Lviv, 1993.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Stéphanie Mahieu and Vlad Naumescu (2008), <i>Churches In-between: Greek Catholic Churches in Postsocialist Europe</i>, Halle Studies in the Anthropology of Eurasia. Page 162, Footnote 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Stéphanie Mahieu and Vlad Naumescu (2008), <i>Churches In-between: Greek Catholic Churches in Postsocialist Europe</i>, Halle Studies in the Anthropology of Eurasia. Pages 164–165.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1809806/Continuities_and_Ruptures_of_a_Religious_Tradition_Making_Orthodoxyin_the_Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church">Vlad Naumescu, "Continuities and Ruptures of a Religious Tradition: Making ‘Orthodoxy’ in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</a>" in Stephanie Mahieu, Vlad Naumescu (editors), <i>Churches In-between: Greek Catholic Churches in Postsocialist Europe</i> (LIT Verlag Münster 2008), pp. 161–162, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8258-9910-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8258-9910-3">978-3-8258-9910-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Stephanie Mahieu, Vlad Naumescu (editors), <i>Churches In-between: Greek Catholic Churches in Postsocialist Europe</i> (LIT Verlag Münster 2008), page 164. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8258-9910-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8258-9910-3">978-3-8258-9910-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060823133035/http://www.laportelatine.org/accueil/entret/2006/jenkins/versionanglaise/anglais2006.php">"La Porte Latine - Jenkins anglais"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laportelatine.org/accueil/entret/2006/jenkins/versionanglaise/anglais2006.php">the original</a> on 23 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+Porte+Latine+-+Jenkins+anglais&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laportelatine.org%2Faccueil%2Fentret%2F2006%2Fjenkins%2Fversionanglaise%2Fanglais2006.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Holy See likewise declared SSPX priests "suspended from exercising their priestly functions" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unavoce.org/articles/2003/perl-011803.htm">Letter of Monsignor Camille Perl</a>, Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Dei" title="Ecclesia Dei">Ecclesia Dei</a> Commission <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030202034019/http://www.unavoce.org/articles/2003/perl-011803.htm">Archived</a> 2 February 2003 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>). A minority of them - ordained before 1976 by archbishop <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a> for the SSPX - remain incardinated in several European dioceses. They are thus in the same position as excommunicated Kovpak, who is incardinated in the Ukrainian Archdiocese of Lviv. The newly ordained clergy, however, are not incardinated into any Ukrainian Catholic diocese, and thus are not clergy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=47961">Catholic World News: Byzantine Catholics decry Lefebvrite inroads into Ukraine</a> The accusation of "eschewing the Byzantine tradition" refers to Father Kovpak's championing of Latinising elements which were followed by Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church since the 17th century, but forcibly purged following the Second Vatican Council.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ukrainian_priest_excommunicated-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ukrainian_priest_excommunicated_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=54919">Ukrainian priest excommunicated</a> Catholic World News, 21 November 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uogcc.org.ua/en/church/article/?article=783">Decree of Establishment of the UOGCC</a>. Uogcc.org.ua (11 August 2009). Retrieved on 2013-07-04.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uogcc.org.ua/en/actual/article/?article=4554">Declaration of an excommunication upon Pope Benedict XVI and John Paul II</a>. Uogcc.org.ua. Retrieved on 4 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uogcc.org.ua/res/download/pastoral_letter_for_the_catholic_church.doc">"Pastoral letter for the Catholic Church"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pastoral+letter+for+the+Catholic+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuogcc.org.ua%2Fres%2Fdownload%2Fpastoral_letter_for_the_catholic_church.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uogcc.org.ua/en/church/article/?article=4581">"UOGCC / English / About Church"</a>. <i>uogcc.org.ua</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uogcc.org.ua&rft.atitle=UOGCC+%2F+English+%2F+About+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuogcc.org.ua%2Fen%2Fchurch%2Farticle%2F%3Farticle%3D4581&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120402003907/http://old.risu.org.ua/eng/news/article;26027">"Vatican Says Excommunication of "Pidhirtsi Fathers" Final"</a>. <i>risu.org.ua</i>. 2012-04-02. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.risu.org.ua/eng/news/article;26027">the original</a> on 2012-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=risu.org.ua&rft.atitle=Vatican+Says+Excommunication+of+%22Pidhirtsi+Fathers%22+Final&rft.date=2012-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.risu.org.ua%2Feng%2Fnews%2Farticle%3B26027&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNULL2012" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">NULL (2012-03-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://it.zenit.org/2012/03/29/dichiarazione-della-santa-sede-sui-sedicenti-vescovi-greco-cattolici-di-pidhirci/">"Dichiarazione della Santa Sede sui "sedicenti vescovi greco-cattolici di Pidhirci"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>ZENIT - Italiano</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZENIT+-+Italiano&rft.atitle=Dichiarazione+della+Santa+Sede+sui+%22sedicenti+vescovi+greco-cattolici+di+Pidhirci%22&rft.date=2012-03-29&rft.au=NULL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fit.zenit.org%2F2012%2F03%2F29%2Fdichiarazione-della-santa-sede-sui-sedicenti-vescovi-greco-cattolici-di-pidhirci%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vkpatriarhat.org/en/?p=16979">"Habemus papam |"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Habemus+papam+%7C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvkpatriarhat.org%2Fen%2F%3Fp%3D16979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Andrew Higgins (June 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/22/world/europe/ukrainian-church-faces-obscure-pro-russia-revolt-in-its-own-ranks.html">"Ukrainian Church Faces Obscure Pro-Russia Revolt In Its Own Ranks""</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinandyCavadiniHealy2022" class="citation web cs1">Weinandy, Thomas; Cavadini, John; Healy, Mary (2022-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://churchlifejournal.nd.edu/articles/a-synoptic-look-at-the-failures-and-successes-of-post-vatican-ii-liturgical-reforms/">"A Synoptic Look at the Failures and Successes of Post-Vatican II Liturgical Reforms"</a>. <i>Church Life Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Church+Life+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Synoptic+Look+at+the+Failures+and+Successes+of+Post-Vatican+II+Liturgical+Reforms&rft.date=2022-12-01&rft.aulast=Weinandy&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Cavadini%2C+John&rft.au=Healy%2C+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchurchlifejournal.nd.edu%2Farticles%2Fa-synoptic-look-at-the-failures-and-successes-of-post-vatican-ii-liturgical-reforms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The text of Cardinal Castrillón's speech, in the language in which he gave it, can be consulted at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.celam.info/content/view/277/332/">Intervención sobre Ecclesia Dei-16 de mayo de 2007</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070525080327/http://www.celam.info/content/view/277/332/">Archived</a> 25 May 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (Retrieved 17 May 2007) or at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qien.free.fr/2007/200705/20070514_hoyos.htm">Intervención sobre Ecclesia Dei – Card. Darío Castrillón Hoyos, Presidente Ecclesia Dei</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> (Retrieved 7 December 2008). English translations may be consulted at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rorate-caeli.blogspot.com/2007/05/aparecida-notes-urgent-news-castrilln.html">Rorate Caeli</a> (Retrieved 7 December 2008), and extracts are given in English at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adoremus.org/0607NewsViews.html">Adoremus Bulletin</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185942/http://www.adoremus.org/0607NewsViews.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>(Retrieved 7 December 2008).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTornielli2019" class="citation web cs1">Tornielli, Andrea (19 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2019-01/editorial-ecclesia-dei-exceptional-nature-ends.html">"Ecclesia Dei, exceptional nature ends"</a>. <i>Vatican News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vatican+News&rft.atitle=Ecclesia+Dei%2C+exceptional+nature+ends&rft.date=2019-01-19&rft.aulast=Tornielli&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticannews.va%2Fen%2Fvatican-city%2Fnews%2F2019-01%2Feditorial-ecclesia-dei-exceptional-nature-ends.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See especially Canons <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/_P3N.HTM">1012–1023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/letters/2009/documents/hf_ben-xvi_let_20090310_remissione-scomunica_en.html">Letter of His Holiness Pope Benedict XVI to the Bishops of the Catholic Church concerning the remission of the excommunication of the four Bishops consecrated by Archbishop Lefebvre</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> concerning his remission of the excommunication of the four bishops of the Society of St Pius X</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sacred <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, Decree <i>Episcopi qui alios</i> of 17 September 1976 – <i>Acta Apostolicae Sedis</i> 1976, page 623.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCaffreyWoods_Jr.2005" class="citation web cs1">McCaffrey, Roger A.; Woods Jr., Thomas E. (May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060202233825/http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=37861">"Catholic World News : "All We Ask is for the Mass"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Cwnews.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=37861">the original</a> on 2 February 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catholic+World+News+%3A+%22All+We+Ask+is+for+the+Mass%22&rft.pub=Cwnews.com&rft.date=2005-05&rft.aulast=McCaffrey&rft.aufirst=Roger+A.&rft.au=Woods+Jr.%2C+Thomas+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cwnews.com%2Fnews%2Fviewstory.cfm%3Frecnum%3D37861&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeltzer2022" class="citation news cs1">Meltzer, Marisa (July 25, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/25/style/dimes-square-nine-orchard-hotel.html">"Dimes Square Gets the Hotel It Deserves"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dimes+Square+Gets+the+Hotel+It+Deserves&rft.date=2022-07-25&rft.aulast=Meltzer&rft.aufirst=Marisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F07%2F25%2Fstyle%2Fdimes-square-nine-orchard-hotel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traditionalist_Catholicism&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHull2010" class="citation book cs1">Hull, Geoffrey (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3Jp0QwAACAAJ"><i>The Banished Heart: Origins of Heteropraxis in the Catholic Church</i></a>. London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780567442208" title="Special:BookSources/9780567442208"><bdi>9780567442208</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Banished+Heart%3A+Origins+of+Heteropraxis+in+the+Catholic+Church&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780567442208&rft.aulast=Hull&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3Jp0QwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJarvis2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Jarvis_(author)" title="Edward Jarvis (author)">Jarvis, Edward</a> (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ID0GwgEACAAJ"><i>Sede Vacante: The Life and Legacy of Archbishop Thuc</i></a>. Berkeley, CA: The Apocryphile Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781949643022" title="Special:BookSources/9781949643022"><bdi>9781949643022</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sede+Vacante%3A+The+Life+and+Legacy+of+Archbishop+Thuc&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+CA&rft.pub=The+Apocryphile+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781949643022&rft.aulast=Jarvis&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DID0GwgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJungmann1986" class="citation book cs1">Jungmann, Joseph (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1ns7zQEACAAJ"><i>The Mass Of The Roman Rite: Its Origins and Development (Missarum Sollemnia)</i></a>. Vol. 1. Allen, TX: Christian Classics. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0870611666" title="Special:BookSources/0870611666"><bdi>0870611666</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mass+Of+The+Roman+Rite%3A+Its+Origins+and+Development+%28Missarum+Sollemnia%29&rft.place=Allen%2C+TX&rft.pub=Christian+Classics&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0870611666&rft.aulast=Jungmann&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1ns7zQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning1999" class="citation book cs1">Manning, Christel (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNsQ97AE0zwC"><i>God Gave Us the Right: Conservative Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, and Orthodox Jewish Women Grapple with Feminism</i></a>. Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0813525993" title="Special:BookSources/0813525993"><bdi>0813525993</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+Gave+Us+the+Right%3A+Conservative+Catholic%2C+Evangelical+Protestant%2C+and+Orthodox+Jewish+Women+Grapple+with+Feminism&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0813525993&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=Christel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNsQ97AE0zwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMargry2019" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Margry, Peter Jan (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NgulDwAAQBAJ">"The Global Network of Deviant Revelatory Marian Movements"</a>. In Maunder, Chris (ed.). <i>The Oxford Handbook of Mary</i>. NY: Oxford University Press. pp. 662–683. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198792550" title="Special:BookSources/9780198792550"><bdi>9780198792550</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Global+Network+of+Deviant+Revelatory+Marian+Movements&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Mary&rft.place=NY&rft.pages=662-683&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780198792550&rft.aulast=Margry&rft.aufirst=Peter+Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNgulDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadecki,_CMRI2004" class="citation book cs1">Radecki, CMRI, Frs. Francisco and Dominic (2004). <i>Tumultuous Times</i>. Wayne, MI / Newhall, CA: St.Joseph's Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0971506108" title="Special:BookSources/0971506108"><bdi>0971506108</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tumultuous+Times&rft.place=Wayne%2C+MI+%2F+Newhall%2C+CA&rft.pub=St.Joseph%27s+Media&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0971506108&rft.aulast=Radecki%2C+CMRI&rft.aufirst=Frs.+Francisco+and+Dominic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinke_Guimarães1997" class="citation book cs1">Sinke Guimarães, Atila (1997). <i>In the Murky Waters of Vatican II</i>. Metairie: MAETA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1889168068" title="Special:BookSources/1889168068"><bdi>1889168068</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Murky+Waters+of+Vatican+II&rft.place=Metairie&rft.pub=MAETA&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=1889168068&rft.aulast=Sinke+Guimar%C3%A3es&rft.aufirst=Atila&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaverAppleby1995" class="citation book cs1">Weaver, Mary Jo; Appleby, R. Scott (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W1KFNeoVo-UC"><i>Being Right: Conservative Catholics in America</i></a>. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780253209993" title="Special:BookSources/9780253209993"><bdi>9780253209993</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Being+Right%3A+Conservative+Catholics+in+America&rft.place=Bloomington&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780253209993&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Mary+Jo&rft.au=Appleby%2C+R.+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW1KFNeoVo-UC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATraditionalist+Catholicism" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Traditionalist_Catholicism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Template:Traditionalist Catholicism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Template talk:Traditionalist Catholicism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Traditionalist Catholicism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Traditionalist_Catholicism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Traditionalist Catholicism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Liturgy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communities_using_the_Tridentine_Mass" title="List of communities using the Tridentine Mass">List of communities using the Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quattuor_abhinc_annos" title="Quattuor abhinc annos">Quattuor abhinc annos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Dei" title="Ecclesia Dei">Ecclesia Dei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission <i>Ecclesia Dei</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Doctrine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modernism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Modernism in the Catholic Church">Modernism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pascendi_Dominici_gregis" title="Pascendi Dominici gregis">Pascendi Dominici gregis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syllabus_of_Errors" title="Syllabus of Errors">Syllabus of Errors</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Extra_Ecclesiam_nulla_salus" title="Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus">Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dignitatis_humanae" title="Dignitatis humanae">Dignitatis humanae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism" title="Catholic Church and ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89c%C3%B4ne_consecrations" title="Écône consecrations">Écône consecrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siri_thesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Siri thesis">Siri thesis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Movements<br />within the<br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_consecrated_life" title="Institute of consecrated life">Institutes</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Society_of_apostolic_life" title="Society of apostolic life">societies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Cantius_Church_(Chicago)" title="St. John Cantius Church (Chicago)">Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternity_of_Saint_Vincent_Ferrer" title="Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer">Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King_Sovereign_Priest" title="Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Institute of the Good Shepherd">Institute of the Good Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_Saint_Peter" title="Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter">Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servants_of_the_Holy_Family" title="Servants of the Holy Family">Servants of the Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_Most_Holy_Redeemer" title="Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer">Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaves_of_the_Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary">Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Still River, Massachusetts)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Jurisdictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Apostolic_Administration_of_Saint_John_Mary_Vianney" title="Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney">Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_the_Christian_faithful" title="Association of the Christian faithful">Associations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_New_Jerusalem" title="Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem">Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juventutem" title="Juventutem">Juventutem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Mass_Society_of_England_and_Wales" title="Latin Mass Society of England and Wales">Latin Mass Society of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_Templi" title="Militia Templi">Militia Templi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage_to_Chartres" title="Pilgrimage to Chartres">Notre-Dame de Chrétienté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition,_Family,_Property" title="Tradition, Family, Property">Tradition, Family, Property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Una_Voce" title="Una Voce">Una Voce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Angelica" title="Mother Angelica">Mother Angelica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Aulagnier" title="Paul Aulagnier">Paul Aulagnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Marie_de_Bligni%C3%A8res" title="Louis-Marie de Blignières">Louis-Marie de Blignières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Leo_Burke" title="Raymond Leo Burke">Raymond Leo Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Calvet" title="Gérard Calvet">Gérard Calvet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Coulombe" title="Charles A. Coulombe">Charles A. Coulombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Davies_(Catholic_writer)" title="Michael Davies (Catholic writer)">Michael Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gommar_DePauw" title="Gommar DePauw">Gommar DePauw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria-Anna_Galitzine" title="Maria-Anna Galitzine">Maria-Anna Galitzine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Imkamp" title="Wilhelm Imkamp">Wilhelm Imkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Joseph_Jugis" title="Peter Joseph Jugis">Peter Joseph Jugis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Kurz" title="Blaise Kurz">Blaise Kurz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lagu%C3%A9rie" title="Philippe Laguérie">Philippe Laguérie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Marshall" title="Taylor Marshall">Taylor Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachi_Martin" title="Malachi Martin">Malachi Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_de_Mattei" title="Roberto de Mattei">Roberto de Mattei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Ripperger" title="Chad Ripperger">Chad Ripperger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Schneider" title="Athanasius Schneider">Athanasius Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Tschugguel" title="Alexander Tschugguel">Alexander Tschugguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_von_Thurn_und_Taxis" title="Elisabeth von Thurn und Taxis">Princess Elisabeth von Thurn und Taxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_von_Thurn_und_Taxis" title="Gloria von Thurn und Taxis">Gloria, Princess of Thurn and Taxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Vigan%C3%B2" title="Carlo Maria Viganò">Carlo Maria Viganò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Wach" title="Gilles Wach">Gilles Wach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Zuhlsdorf" title="John Zuhlsdorf">John Zuhlsdorf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Excommunicated<br />but later reconciled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Feeney" title="Leonard Feeney">Leonard Feeney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fellay" title="Bernard Fellay">Bernard Fellay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_de_Galarreta" title="Alfonso de Galarreta">Alfonso de Galarreta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gin%C3%A9s_Jes%C3%BAs_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Ginés Jesús Hernández">Ginés Jesús Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lic%C3%ADnio_Rangel" title="Licínio Rangel">Licínio Rangel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Tissier_de_Mallerais" title="Bernard Tissier de Mallerais">Bernard Tissier de Mallerais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Th%E1%BB%A5c" title="Ngô Đình Thục">Ngô Đình Thục</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Independent<br />movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Independent, but no<br />public renunciation<br />of papal legitimacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Operating_with_partial_papal_faculties" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Operating with partial papal faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SSPX-affiliated_religious_orders" title="SSPX-affiliated religious orders">Affiliated religious orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonical_situation_of_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X">Canonical situation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_Jubilee_of_Mercy#Concessions" title="Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy">Faculties</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fraternit%C3%A9_Notre-Dame" title="Fraternité Notre-Dame">Fraternité Notre-Dame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat" title="Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat">Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaves_of_the_Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary" title="Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary">Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Richmond, New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Union_Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Priestly Union Marcel Lefebvre">Priestly Union Marcel Lefebvre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Castro_Mayer" title="Antônio de Castro Mayer">Antônio de Castro Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Williamson_(bishop)" title="Richard Williamson (bishop)">Richard Williamson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Sedeprivationism" title="Sedeprivationism">Sedeprivationist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Mater_Boni_Consilii" title="Istituto Mater Boni Consilii">Istituto Mater Boni Consilii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Roman_Catholic_Movement" title="Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement">Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A9rard_des_Lauriers" class="mw-redirect" title="Guérard des Lauriers">Guérard des Lauriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_McKenna" title="Robert McKenna">Robert McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Sanborn" title="Donald Sanborn">Donald Sanborn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Mary_Immaculate_Queen" title="Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen">Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Most_Holy_Family_Monastery" title="Most Holy Family Monastery">Most Holy Family Monastery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feeneyism" title="Feeneyism">Feeneyism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_V" title="Society of Saint Pius V">Society of Saint Pius V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Baker" title="Oswald Baker">Oswald Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Q._Brown" title="Daniel Q. Brown">Daniel Q. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mois%C3%A9s_Carmona" title="Moisés Carmona">Moisés Carmona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Cekada" title="Anthony Cekada">Anthony Cekada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_D%C3%A1vila_Gandara" title="Martín Dávila Gandara">Martín Dávila Gandara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dolan" title="Daniel Dolan">Daniel Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutton_Gibson" title="Hutton Gibson">Hutton Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Kelly" title="Clarence Kelly">Clarence Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Pivarunas" title="Mark Pivarunas">Mark Pivarunas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_S%C3%A1enz_y_Arriaga" title="Joaquín Sáenz y Arriaga">Joaquín Sáenz y Arriaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Schuckardt" title="Francis Schuckardt">Francis Schuckardt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Conclavism" title="Conclavism">Conclavist<br />or Mysticalist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Christian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmarian Christian Church">Palmarian Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Greek_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic">Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_of_Infinite_Love" title="Apostles of Infinite Love">Apostles of Infinite Love</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Odermatt" title="Joseph Odermatt">Joseph Odermatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Pulvermacher" title="Lucian Pulvermacher">Lucian Pulvermacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogelio_del_Rosario_Martinez" title="Rogelio del Rosario Martinez">Rogelio del Rosario Martinez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Second_Vatican_Council" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist wraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Second_Vatican_Council" title="Template:Second Vatican Council"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Second_Vatican_Council" title="Template talk:Second Vatican Council"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Second_Vatican_Council" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Second Vatican Council"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Second_Vatican_Council" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Documents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Constitutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacrosanctum_Concilium" title="Sacrosanctum Concilium"><i>Sacrosanctum concilium</i> (Sacred Liturgy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen_gentium" title="Lumen gentium"><i>Lumen gentium</i> (The Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dei_verbum" title="Dei verbum"><i>Dei verbum</i> (Divine Revelation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudium_et_spes" title="Gaudium et spes"><i>Gaudium et spes</i> (The Church and the World)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Decrees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter_mirifica" title="Inter mirifica"><i>Inter mirifica</i> (Media)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orientalium_Ecclesiarum" title="Orientalium Ecclesiarum"><i>Orientalium Ecclesiarum</i> (Eastern Catholics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitatis_redintegratio" title="Unitatis redintegratio"><i>Unitatis redintegratio</i> (Ecumenism)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christus_Dominus" title="Christus Dominus"><i>Christus Dominus</i> (Role of Bishops)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfectae_Caritatis" title="Perfectae Caritatis"><i>Perfectae cartatis</i> (Renewal of Religious Life)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optatam_Totius" title="Optatam Totius"><i>Optatam totius</i> (Formation of Priests)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolicam_Actuositatem" title="Apostolicam Actuositatem"><i>Apostolicam actuositatem</i> (Role of the Laity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad_gentes" title="Ad gentes"><i>Ad gentes</i> (Missions)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterorum_Ordinis" title="Presbyterorum Ordinis"><i>Presbyterorum ordinis</i> (Role of Priests)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Declarations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravissimum_educationis" title="Gravissimum educationis"><i>Gravissimum educationis</i> (Christian Education)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostra_aetate" title="Nostra aetate"><i>Nostra aetate</i> (Relations with non-Christians)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignitatis_humanae" title="Dignitatis humanae"><i>Dignitatis humanae</i> (Religious Liberty)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Popes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">John XXIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Paul VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Moderators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Joseph_Suenens" title="Leo Joseph Suenens">Leo Joseph Suenens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Pietro_Agagianian" title="Gregorio Pietro Agagianian">Gregorio Pietro Agagianian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_D%C3%B6pfner" title="Julius Döpfner">Julius Döpfner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Lercaro" title="Giacomo Lercaro">Giacomo Lercaro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Council of Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Tisserant" title="Eugène Tisserant">Eugène Tisserant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Li%C3%A9nart" title="Achille Liénart">Achille Liénart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Gabriel_I_Tappouni" title="Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni">Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Gilroy" title="Norman Gilroy">Norman Gilroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Spellman" title="Francis Spellman">Francis Spellman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Pla_y_Deniel" title="Enrique Pla y Deniel">Enrique Pla y Deniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Frings" title="Josef Frings">Josef Frings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Ruffini" title="Ernesto Ruffini">Ernesto Ruffini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Caggiano" title="Antonio Caggiano">Antonio Caggiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink">Bernardus Johannes Alfrink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Cardinal Presidents<br /> of commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Ottaviani" title="Alfredo Ottaviani">Alfredo Ottaviani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Marella" title="Paolo Marella">Paolo Marella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amleto_Giovanni_Cicognani" title="Amleto Giovanni Cicognani">Amleto Giovanni Cicognani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Aloisi_Masella" title="Benedetto Aloisi Masella">Benedetto Aloisi Masella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Ciriaci" title="Pietro Ciriaci">Pietro Ciriaci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerio_Valeri" title="Valerio Valeri">Valerio Valeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Pietro_Agagianian" title="Gregorio Pietro Agagianian">Gregorio Pietro Agagianian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcadio_Larraona_Saralegui" title="Arcadio Larraona Saralegui">Arcadio Larraona Saralegui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pizzardo" title="Giuseppe Pizzardo">Giuseppe Pizzardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Cento" title="Fernando Cento">Fernando Cento</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other council leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustin_Bea" title="Augustin Bea">Augustin Bea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Testa" title="Gustavo Testa">Gustavo Testa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_di_Jorio" title="Alberto di Jorio">Alberto di Jorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pericle_Felici" title="Pericle Felici">Pericle Felici</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Catholic ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Preparatory_Commission" title="Central Preparatory Commission">Central Preparatory Commission</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aggiornamento" title="Aggiornamento">Aggiornamento</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_times_(Catholic_Church)" title="Sign of the times (Catholic Church)">Sign of the times</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaudet_Mater_Ecclesia" title="Gaudet Mater Ecclesia">Gaudet Mater Ecclesia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peritus" title="Peritus">Peritus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_th%C3%A9ologie" title="Nouvelle théologie">Nouvelle théologie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coetus_Internationalis_Patrum" title="Coetus Internationalis Patrum">Coetus Internationalis Patrum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subsistit_in" title="Subsistit in">Subsistit in</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church_since_1962" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Catholic Church since 1962">History of the Catholic Church since 1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism" title="Catholic Church and ecumenism">Catholic Church and ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bologna_School_(Vatican_II)" title="Bologna School (Vatican II)">Bologna School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_Vatican_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit of Vatican II">Spirit of Vatican II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pact_of_the_catacombs" class="mw-redirect" title="Pact of the catacombs">Pact of the catacombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI#Continuity_of_Vatican_II" title="Theology of Pope Benedict XVI">Theology of Pope Benedict XVI § Continuity of Vatican II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic%E2%80%93Orthodox_Joint_Declaration_of_1965" title="Catholic–Orthodox Joint Declaration of 1965">Catholic–Orthodox Joint Declaration of 1965</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Criticism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Traditionalist Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Christian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmarian Christian Church">Palmarian Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wreckovation" title="Wreckovation">Wreckovation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Catholic_Church" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Catholic Church">Media</a> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_Church" title="Category:Catholic Church">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" 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<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Catholicism" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Catholicism">WikiProject</a></li></ul></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SSPX" title="Template:SSPX"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SSPX" title="Template talk:SSPX"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SSPX" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SSPX"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Society of Saint Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Modernism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Modernism in the Catholic Church">Modernism</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Coetus_Internationalis_Patrum" title="Coetus Internationalis Patrum">Coetus Internationalis Patrum</a></i>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Novus Ordo Mass</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ottaviani_Intervention" title="Ottaviani Intervention">Ottaviani Intervention</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Traditionalist Catholicism</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Traditional Latin Mass</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Seminary_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="International Seminary of Saint Pius X">International Seminary of Saint Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet" title="Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet">Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89c%C3%B4ne_consecrations" title="Écône consecrations">Écône consecrations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Dei" title="Ecclesia Dei">Ecclesia Dei</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding:0.8em 0.9em 3em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="SSPX"><img alt="SSPX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg/110px-H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg/165px-H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg/220px-H%C3%A9raldique_meuble_Coeur_vend%C3%A9en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="272" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Tissier_de_Mallerais" title="Bernard Tissier de Mallerais">Bernard Tissier de Mallerais</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_de_Galarreta" title="Alfonso de Galarreta">Alfonso de Galarreta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fellay" title="Bernard Fellay">Bernard Fellay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Williamson_(bishop)" title="Richard Williamson (bishop)">Richard Williamson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Davide_Pagliarani" title="Davide Pagliarani">Davide Pagliarani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schmidberger" title="Franz Schmidberger">Franz Schmidberger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Niklaus_Pfluger" title="Niklaus Pfluger">Niklaus Pfluger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Ducaud-Bourget" title="François Ducaud-Bourget">François Ducaud-Bourget</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Basil_Kovpak" title="Basil Kovpak">Basil Kovpak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brucciani" title="Robert Brucciani">Robert Brucciani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Morgan_(priest)" title="Paul Morgan (priest)">Paul Morgan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michel-Louis_Gu%C3%A9rard_des_Lauriers" title="Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers">Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josef_Bisig" title="Josef Bisig">Josef Bisig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Cekada" title="Anthony Cekada">Anthony Cekada</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lic%C3%ADnio_Rangel" title="Licínio Rangel">Licínio Rangel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Ar%C3%AAas_Rifan" title="Fernando Arêas Rifan">Fernando Arêas Rifan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Sanborn" title="Donald Sanborn">Donald Sanborn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Florian_Abrahamowicz" title="Florian Abrahamowicz">Florian Abrahamowicz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Aulagnier" title="Paul Aulagnier">Paul Aulagnier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Bawden" title="David Bawden">David Bawden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dolan" title="Daniel Dolan">Daniel Dolan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Mar%C3%ADa_Fern%C3%A1ndez_y_Krohn" title="Juan María Fernández y Krohn">Juan María Fernández y Krohn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Kelly" title="Clarence Kelly">Clarence Kelly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lagu%C3%A9rie" title="Philippe Laguérie">Philippe Laguérie</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Angelus_(magazine)" title="The Angelus (magazine)">The Angelus</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Superior_General_of_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Superior General of the Society of Saint Pius X">Superior General of the Society of Saint Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_between_the_Holy_See_and_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Dialogue between the Holy See and the Society of Saint Pius X">Dialogue between the Holy See and the Society of Saint Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canonical_situation_of_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X">Canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Controversies surrounding the Society of Saint Pius X">Controversies surrounding the Society of Saint Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Apologia_pro_Marcel_Lefebvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Apologia pro Marcel Lefebvre">Apologia pro Marcel Lefebvre</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/St._Marys,_Kansas" title="St. Marys, Kansas">St. Marys, Kansas</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SSPX-affiliated_religious_orders" title="SSPX-affiliated religious orders">SSPX-affiliated<br />religious orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sisters_of_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Sisters of the Society of Saint Pius X">Sisters of the Society of Saint Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fraternity_of_the_Transfiguration" title="Fraternity of the Transfiguration">Fraternity of the Transfiguration</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Society_of_Saint_Josaphat" title="Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat">Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint-Joseph_de_Clairval" title="Abbey of Saint-Joseph de Clairval">Abbey of Saint-Joseph de Clairval</a> (until 1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Servants_of_the_Holy_Family" title="Servants of the Holy Family">Servants of the Holy Family</a> (until 1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Personal_Apostolic_Administration_of_Saint_John_Mary_Vianney" title="Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney">Priestly Union of Saint Jean-Marie Vianney</a> (until 2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_Most_Holy_Redeemer" title="Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer">Transalpine Redemptorists</a> (until 2008)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Pius_V" title="Society of Saint Pius V">Society of Saint Pius V</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Mater_Boni_Consilii" title="Istituto Mater Boni Consilii">Istituto Mater Boni Consilii</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_Saint_Peter" title="Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter">Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Institute of the Good Shepherd">Institute of the Good Shepherd</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Priestly_Union_Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Priestly Union Marcel Lefebvre">Priestly Union Marcel Lefebvre</a> (2014)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Quo_primum" title="Quo primum">Quo primum</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Syllabus_of_Errors" title="Syllabus of Errors">Syllabus of Errors</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pope Pius X</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1917_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1917 Code of Canon Law">1917 Code of Canon Law</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Charri%C3%A8re" title="François Charrière">François Charrière</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Davies_(Catholic_writer)" title="Michael Davies (Catholic writer)">Michael Davies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Castro_Mayer" title="Antônio de Castro Mayer">Antônio de Castro Mayer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Lazo" title="Salvador Lazo">Salvador Lazo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Bosco_Manat_Chuabsamai" title="John Bosco Manat Chuabsamai">John Bosco Manat Chuabsamai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vitus_Huonder" title="Vitus Huonder">Vitus Huonder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Vigan%C3%B2" title="Carlo Maria Viganò">Carlo Maria Viganò</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Personal_Apostolic_Administration_of_Saint_John_Mary_Vianney" title="Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney">Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="Category:Society of Saint Pius X">Category</a></b></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Palmarian_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Palmarian_Church" title="Template:Palmarian Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Palmarian_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Palmarian Church (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Palmarian_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Palmarian Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Palmarian_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Catholic_Church" title="Palmarian Catholic Church">Palmarian Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Spain" title="Catholic Church in Spain">Catholic Church in Spain</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Great_Apostasy" title="Great Apostasy">Great Apostasy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Modernism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Modernism in the Catholic Church">Modernism</a> & <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Traditionalist Catholicism</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Palmar" title="Our Lady of Palmar">Our Lady of Palmar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Th%E1%BB%A5c" title="Ngô Đình Thục">Thục consecrations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cathedral-Basilica_of_Our_Crowned_Mother_of_Palmar" title="Cathedral-Basilica of Our Crowned Mother of Palmar">Cathedral-Basilica of Our Crowned Mother of Palmar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Bible" title="Palmarian Bible">The Sacred History or Holy Palmarian Bible</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palmarian_Church.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Palmarian_Church.png/60px-Palmarian_Church.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Palmarian_Church.png/90px-Palmarian_Church.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Palmarian_Church.png/120px-Palmarian_Church.png 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="980" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">Popes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clemente_Dom%C3%ADnguez_y_G%C3%B3mez" title="Clemente Domínguez y Gómez">Gregory XVII</a> <small>(1978–2005)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Corral" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Corral">Peter II</a> <small>(2005–2011)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gin%C3%A9s_Jes%C3%BAs_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Ginés Jesús Hernández">Gregory XVIII</a> <small>(2011–2016)</small></span></li> <li><span 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