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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tone and approach to music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tone_and_approach_to_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contributions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contributions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Contributions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contributions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Critics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partial_discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partial_discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Partial discography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partial_discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Claudio Arrau</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88" title="كلاوديو آراو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلاوديو آراو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Клаудио Арау – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Клаудио Арау" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Κλαούντιο Αράου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κλαούντιο Αράου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="کلودیو آرائو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلودیو آرائو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EB%94%94%EC%98%A4_%EC%95%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0" title="클라우디오 아라우 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="클라우디오 아라우" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B8_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Կլաուդիո Արաու – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կլաուդիո Արաու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%95" title="קלאודיו אראו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קלאודיו אראו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88" title="كلوديو آراو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كلوديو آراو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6" title="クラウディオ・アラウ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クラウディオ・アラウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83,_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Аррау, Клаудио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аррау, Клаудио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Клаудио Арау – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Клаудио Арау" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Клаудіо Аррау – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Клаудіо Аррау" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Claudio Arrau" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E8%BF%AA%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8A%B3" title="克劳迪奥·阿劳 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克劳迪奥·阿劳" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160223#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Claudio_Arrau" title="Special:EditPage/Claudio Arrau">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Claudio+Arrau%22">"Claudio Arrau"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Claudio+Arrau%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Claudio+Arrau%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Claudio+Arrau%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Claudio+Arrau%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Claudio+Arrau%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Arrau</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> León</i>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg/220px-Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg/330px-Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg/440px-Claudio_Arrau_1_Allan_Warren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5394" data-file-height="6400" /></a><figcaption>Claudio Arrau in 1974, by <a href="/wiki/Allan_Warren" title="Allan Warren">Allan Warren</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Claudio Arrau León</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[ˈklawðjo<span class="wrap"> </span>aˈraw]</a></span>; February 6, 1903 – June 9, 1991) was a Chilean and American pianist known for his interpretations of a vast repertoire spanning the <a href="/wiki/Baroque_music" title="Baroque music">baroque</a> to <a href="/wiki/20th-century_classical_music" title="20th-century classical music">20th-century</a> composers, especially <a href="/wiki/Bach" class="mw-redirect" title="Bach">Bach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Mozart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Schumann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a>. He is widely considered one of the greatest pianists of the twentieth century.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arrau was born in <a href="/wiki/Chill%C3%A1n" title="Chillán">Chillán</a>, Chile, to Carlos Arrau, an <a href="/wiki/Ophthalmologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophthalmologist">ophthalmologist</a> who died when Claudio was only a year old, and Lucrecia León Bravo de Villalba, a piano teacher. He belonged to an old, prominent family of Southern Chile. His ancestor <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_de_Arrau" title="Lorenzo de Arrau">Lorenzo de Arrau</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Spanish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish people">Spanish</a> engineer who was sent to Chile by King <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Carlos III of Spain</a>. Through his great-grandmother, María del Carmen Daroch del Solar, Arrau was a descendant of the <a href="/wiki/Clan_Campbell" title="Clan Campbell">Campbells of Glenorchy</a>, a Scottish noble family.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arrau was raised as a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a>, but gave it up in his late teens.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BASA_80K_1_267_Claudio-Arrau_1929-11-27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BASA_80K_1_267_Claudio-Arrau_1929-11-27.jpg/220px-BASA_80K_1_267_Claudio-Arrau_1929-11-27.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/BASA_80K_1_267_Claudio-Arrau_1929-11-27.jpg/330px-BASA_80K_1_267_Claudio-Arrau_1929-11-27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/BASA_80K_1_267_Claudio-Arrau_1929-11-27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="666" /></a><figcaption>Claudio Arrau, November 1929</figcaption></figure> <p>Arrau was a <a href="/wiki/Child_prodigy" title="Child prodigy">child prodigy</a> and he could read music before he could read words, but unlike many <a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuosos</a>, there had never been a professional musician in his family. His mother was an amateur pianist and introduced him to the instrument. At the age of four, he was reading Beethoven sonatas, and he gave his first concert a year later.<sup id="cite_ref-Arrau60_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arrau60-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Arrau was six, he auditioned in front of several congressmen and President <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Montt" title="Pedro Montt">Pedro Montt</a>, who was so impressed that he began arrangements for Arrau's future education. At eight years old, Arrau was sent on a ten-year-long grant from the Chilean government to study in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, travelling with his mother and sister Lucrecia. He was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Stern_Conservatory" title="Stern Conservatory">Stern Conservatory of Berlin</a> where he eventually became a pupil of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Krause" title="Martin Krause">Martin Krause</a>, who had studied under <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Franz Liszt</a>. At the age of eleven, Arrau could play Liszt's <i><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Etudes" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcendental Etudes">Transcendental Etudes</a></i>, one of the most difficult works for piano, as well as <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Variations_on_a_Theme_of_Paganini_(Brahms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Variations on a Theme of Paganini (Brahms)">Paganini Variations</a></i>. Arrau's first recordings were made on Aeolian Duo-Art <a href="/wiki/Player_piano" title="Player piano">player piano</a> music rolls. Krause died in his fifth year of teaching Arrau, leaving the 15-year-old student devastated by the loss of his mentor; Arrau did not continue formal study after that point.<sup id="cite_ref-Arrau60_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arrau60-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1935, Arrau gave a celebrated rendition of the entire keyboard works of <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a> over 12 recitals. In 1936, Arrau gave a complete <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Mozart</a> keyboard works over 5 recitals, and followed with the complete <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a> cycles. In 1938, for the first time, Arrau gave the complete <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a> piano sonatas and concertos in Mexico City. Arrau repeated this several times in his lifetime, including in New York and London. He became one of the leading authorities on <a href="/wiki/Beethoven" class="mw-redirect" title="Beethoven">Beethoven</a> in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arrau60_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arrau60-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1937, Arrau married <a href="/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano">mezzo-soprano</a> Ruth Schneider, a German national. They had three children: Carmen (1938–2006), Mario (1940–1988) – who fathered three sons: Shawn (1968), Paycer (1969), and Kip (1970) – and Christopher (1959). In 1941 the Arrau family emigrated from Germany to the United States, eventually settling in <a href="/wiki/Douglaston,_Queens" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglaston, Queens">Douglaston, Queens</a>, New York, where Arrau spent his remaining years. He became a dual US–Chilean citizen in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 17, 1982, the first <a href="/wiki/CD" class="mw-redirect" title="CD">CD</a> of <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical music</a> in history was released by the <a href="/wiki/PolyGram" title="PolyGram">PolyGram</a> record company;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its content consisted of waltzes by <a href="/wiki/Chopin" class="mw-redirect" title="Chopin">Chopin</a> performed by Claudio Arrau.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arrau died on June 9, 1991, at the age of 88, in <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCrzzuschlag" title="Mürzzuschlag">Mürzzuschlag</a>, Austria, from complications of emergency surgery performed on June 8 to correct an intestinal blockage.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His remains were interred in his native city of <a href="/wiki/Chill%C3%A1n" title="Chillán">Chillán, Chile</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tone_and_approach_to_music">Tone and approach to music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tone and approach to music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arrau was an intellectual and a deeply reflective interpreter. He read widely while travelling, and he learned English, Italian, German, and French in addition to his native Spanish. He became familiar with <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Jung</a>'s psychology in his twenties.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arrau's attitude toward music was very serious. He preached fidelity to the score, but also the use of imagination. Although he often played with slower and more deliberate tempi from his middle age onward, he had a reputation as a fabulous <a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuoso</a> earlier in his career, a reputation supported by recordings he made at this time, such as <a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev's</a> <a href="/wiki/Islamey" title="Islamey">Islamey</a> and Liszt's <a href="/wiki/Grandes_%C3%A9tudes_de_Paganini" title="Grandes études de Paganini">Paganini études</a>. However, even late in his career, he often tended to play with less restraint in live concerts than in studio recordings. </p><p>Arrau was a man of remarkable fortitude, even towards the end of his life he invariably programmed very large, demanding concerts, including works such as Beethoven's <a href="/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._5_(Beethoven)" title="Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)">Emperor Concerto</a> and Brahms' <a href="/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._1_(Brahms)" title="Piano Concerto No. 1 (Brahms)">Piano Concerto No. 1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contributions">Contributions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Contributions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arrau was a frequent recital performer: from age 40 to 60 he averaged 120 concerts a season, with a very large repertoire. At one time or another, he performed the complete keyboard works of <a href="/wiki/Bach" class="mw-redirect" title="Bach">Bach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mozart" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozart">Mozart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beethoven" class="mw-redirect" title="Beethoven">Beethoven</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chopin" class="mw-redirect" title="Chopin">Chopin</a>, but also programmed such off-the-beaten-path composers as <a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Busoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Busoni">Busoni</a> and illuminated obscure corners of the <a href="/wiki/Liszt" class="mw-redirect" title="Liszt">Liszt</a> repertoire. It has been estimated that Arrau's total repertoire would carry him through 76 recital evenings, not counting the 60-odd works with orchestra which he also knew.<sup id="cite_ref-Arrau60_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arrau60-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arrau recorded a considerable part of the piano music of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Schumann</a>, Chopin and Liszt. He edited the complete Beethoven piano sonatas for the <a href="/wiki/Edition_Peters" title="Edition Peters">Peters</a> <a href="/wiki/Urtext_edition" title="Urtext edition">Urtext edition</a> and recorded all of them on the <a href="/wiki/Philips_Classics_Records" title="Philips Classics Records">Philips</a> label in 1962–1966. He recorded almost all of them once again in 1984–1990 along with Mozart's complete piano sonatas. He is also famous for his recordings of <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Debussy</a>. At the time of his death at age 88 in the midst of a European concert tour, Arrau was working on a recording of the complete works of Bach for <a href="/wiki/Keyboard_instrument" title="Keyboard instrument">keyboard</a>, and was also preparing some pieces of Haydn, Mendelssohn, Reger and Busoni, and Boulez's third piano sonata. </p><p>Numerous pianists studied with Arrau, including <a href="/wiki/Karlrobert_Kreiten" title="Karlrobert Kreiten">Karlrobert Kreiten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garrick_Ohlsson" title="Garrick Ohlsson">Garrick Ohlsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Szidon" title="Roberto Szidon">Roberto Szidon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Drury_(musician)" title="Stephen Drury (musician)">Stephen Drury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Eyzaguirre" title="Roberto Eyzaguirre">Roberto Eyzaguirre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edith_Fischer" title="Edith Fischer">Edith Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Lively" title="David Lively">David Lively</a>, Paul Kiss, Rafael de Silva, Arturo Nicolayevsky, among others. </p><p>On March 26, 2021, Pristine Classical released what it called "a sonic overhaul" of Arrau's "stunningly brilliant" 1942 RCA studio recording of Bach's Goldberg Variations, remastered from an issue in 1988, which had "sat in the vaults [of RCA] for 46 years."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critics">Critics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Critics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olin_Downes" title="Olin Downes">Olin Downes</a>, reviewing a recital of Mozart, Schumann, Ravel and Debussy works in <i>The New York Times</i>, described Claudio Arrau as "a pianist of most exceptional equipment, imagination and unfailing taste."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 1963, according to various critics, he was a man with "no equal at the present time in point of technical stature and depth of musical imagination," "the No. 1 pianist of our time," a "pianistic titan," a "lion of the piano," or, if you like, a "neo-Liszt from the Tropic of Capricorn".<sup id="cite_ref-Arrau60_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arrau60-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> said that Claudio Arrau had a particular sound with two aspects: first a thickness, full-bodied and orchestral, and second an utterly disembodied timbre, quite spellbinding.<sup id="cite_ref-Roma_Randles_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roma_Randles-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Kaiser" title="Joachim Kaiser">Joachim Kaiser</a>: "Arrau is the noblest, the most conscientious, most respectable pianist of our time."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Colin_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Colin Davis">Sir Colin Davis</a> said: "His sound is amazing, and it is entirely his own... no one else has it exactly that way. His devotion to Liszt is extraordinary. He ennobles that music in a way no one else in the world can."<sup id="cite_ref-Roma_Randles_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roma_Randles-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>According to American critic <a href="/wiki/Harold_C._Schonberg" title="Harold C. Schonberg">Harold C. Schonberg</a>, Arrau always put "a decidedly romantic piano tone in his interpretations".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Karl Schumann, Germany's leading music critic, said in the <i>Süddeutsche Zeitung</i> on June 2, 1986: "Is it not Claudio Arrau who is the most musical and deeply serious piano phenomenon of our time?".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>According to <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Horowitz" title="Joseph Horowitz">Joseph Horowitz</a>: "His earliest recordings, extending into the forties, are his most mercurial, and are buffed with the glistening tonal refinements mentioned in his early New York reviews. His recorded performances of the following decade or so are more majestically placed; given room to maneuver, he is more likely to linger than to bolt. (...) Then, sometimes around 1960, the recordings document a different change. An emerging undercurrent of raw feeling not only dictates yet slower tempos and grander rubatos, but adds to the dignified architecture of Arrau's sound a steady projection of human frailty. (...) How did this change come about? (...) At the risk of resorting to cut-rate psychology, I am tempted to cite, as well, the event Arrau recalls as 'the greatest shock in my life': his mother's death in 1959. Perhaps mourning opened new emotional pathways. Perhaps the disappearance of a pervasive authority figure freed or emboldened him to make a more vulnerable statement in his art."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>John von Rhein wrote in 1991 in the <i>Chicago Tribune</i>: "He was among the least flamboyant of pianists, avoiding virtuosic display as rigorously as some pianists seek it out; yet there was never any doubt of his virtuoso technique. He commanded a rich sonority, each chord superbly weighted, the fingerwork a model of finely chiseled clarity, the shape of each phrase deeply considered. Sometimes Mr. Arrau's penchant for slow tempos and emphasis on inner detail could seem fussy, depriving his performances of spontaneity and momentum. At his considerable best, however, he was among the most deeply satisfying interpreters of Mozart, Brahms, Schumann, Liszt, Chopin and particularly Beethoven, whose works held a position in his repertoire comparable to that of his great colleague, pianist <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg/220px-Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg/330px-Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg/440px-Barrio_Quinta_Normal_12_-Claudio_Arrau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Arrau in the Chilean commune of <a href="/wiki/Quinta_Normal" title="Quinta Normal">Quinta Normal</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago de Chile">Santiago de Chile</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_(Sch%C3%B6b)_Claudio_Arrau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_%28Sch%C3%B6b%29_Claudio_Arrau.jpg/220px-Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_%28Sch%C3%B6b%29_Claudio_Arrau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_%28Sch%C3%B6b%29_Claudio_Arrau.jpg/330px-Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_%28Sch%C3%B6b%29_Claudio_Arrau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_%28Sch%C3%B6b%29_Claudio_Arrau.jpg/440px-Gedenktafel_St%C3%BCbbenstr_8_%28Sch%C3%B6b%29_Claudio_Arrau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2584" data-file-height="2192" /></a><figcaption>Arrau commemorative plaque in the German district of <a href="/wiki/Tempelhof-Sch%C3%B6neberg" title="Tempelhof-Schöneberg">Tempelhof-Schöneberg</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg/220px-Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg/330px-Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg/440px-Busto_Claudio_Arrau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4160" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Arrau in his hometown <a href="/wiki/Chill%C3%A1n" title="Chillán">Chillán</a></figcaption></figure> <p>List of awards, recognitions and medals awarded to Claudio Arrau.<sup id="cite_ref-arrauhouse_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arrauhouse-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1915–1918:</li> <li>1915: Prize Rudolph Ibach<sup id="cite_ref-embajadadechile_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-embajadadechile-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Gustav Holländer Medal</li> <li>Sachsen-Gothaische Medal</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li>1918: <a href="/wiki/Stern_Conservatory" title="Stern Conservatory">Stern Conservatory</a>'s Exceptional Honours Diploma in Piano</li> <li>1919–1920: <a href="/wiki/Liszt" class="mw-redirect" title="Liszt">Liszt Prize</a> in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li>1924: Permanent Active Member of the <a href="/wiki/Bach_Society" title="Bach Society">Bach Society</a> in <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago de chile">Santiago de Chile</a>)</li> <li>1927: Grand Prix of the Concours International des Pianistes (International Pianist Competition) from <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suiza" class="mw-redirect" title="Suiza">Suiza</a>. The jury was composed by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a>, Joseph Pembauer, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Schelling" title="Ernest Schelling">Ernest Schelling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Cortot" title="Alfred Cortot">Alfred Cortot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vianna_da_Motta" title="José Vianna da Motta">José Vianna da Motta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1941: Illustrious Son of Chillán</li> <li>1944: Gold Medal in Appreciation from the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean government">Chilean government</a></li> <li>1949: Favorite Son of Mexico</li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">Honorary degree</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a></li> <li>1954: Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a>'s Faculty of Music</li> <li>1954: Illustrious Son of Santiago</li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Philharmonic_Society" title="Royal Philharmonic Society">Royal Philharmonic Society</a> medal</li> <li>1959: Honorary Citizen from <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago de chile">Santiago</a></li> <li>1959: Worthy Son of Chillán</li> <li>1959: Gold Medal and Honorary Citizen of Concepción</li> <li>1959: Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">University of Concepción</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_Arts_and_Letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters">Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters</a> in France</li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany">The Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany</a></li> <li>1973: Citation by <a href="/wiki/United_Jewish_Appeal" title="United Jewish Appeal">United Jewish Appeal</a> for support and contribution in solidarity with the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_peoplehood" title="Jewish peoplehood">Jewish people</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_B%C3%BClow_Medal" title="Hans von Bülow Medal">Hans von Bülow Medal</a> by <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Philharmonic" title="Berlin Philharmonic">Berlin Philharmonic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Humane_Letters" title="Doctor of Humane Letters">Doctor of Humane Letters</a> by <a href="/wiki/University_of_Vermont" title="University of Vermont">University of Vermont</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li>1983: La Orden del Águila Azteca (The Order of the Aztec Eagle) in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li>1983: Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Society" title="Pan American Society">Pan American Society</a></li> <li>1983: The <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>'s bowl, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li>1983: First Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a> Society</li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Legion_of_Honor" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Legion of Honor">Commander of the Legion of Honor</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li>1983: The International Music Award by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a></li> <li>1983: Commander of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Santa_Cecilia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Academy of Santa Cecilia">National Academy of Santa Cecilia</a></li> <li>1983: Beethoven's medal in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">Honorary degree</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nacional_de_Artes_Musicales_de_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Premio Nacional de Artes Musicales de Chile">National Prize of Musical Arts of Chile</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">Honorary degree</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">University of Concepción</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">Honorary degree</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_del_Biob%C3%ADo" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad del Biobío">University of Biobío</a></li> <li>1984: Honorary Member from Academy of Fine Arts of Chile</li> <li>1984: Highest Distinction Award from the Inter-American Music Council and the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Award" title="Freedom Award">Freedom Award</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></li> <li>1988: The <a href="/wiki/Teresa_Carre%C3%B1o" title="Teresa Carreño">Teresa Carreño Medal</a> in <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li>1988: Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Philharmonic_Society" title="Royal Philharmonic Society">Royal Philharmonic Society</a> of London</li> <li>1990: Gold Medal from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Philharmonic_Society" title="Royal Philharmonic Society">Royal Philharmonic Society</a> of London (posthumously delivered to his daughter Carmen)</li> <li>1991: Unfinished Arrau performance with his Robert Schumann Medal at a recital scheduled for June 1991 in <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>.</li> <li>1991: The <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a> Society established the <a href="/wiki/Arrau_Medal" title="Arrau Medal">Arrau Medal</a> in 1991. The medal is awarded to a pianist who is especially committed to the spirit and tradition of Claudio Arrau's keyboard art.<sup id="cite_ref-arrauhouse_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arrauhouse-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martha_Argerich" title="Martha Argerich">Martha Argerich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Murray_Perahia" title="Murray Perahia">Murray Perahia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schumann-Portal_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schumann-Portal-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1991: Cultural Medal known as Citizen of the World, awarded by the Palacio de la Moneda de Chile.</li> <li>2012: Entry into the <a href="/wiki/Gramophone_(magazine)" title="Gramophone (magazine)">Gramophone</a> <a href="/wiki/Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gramophone Hall of Fame">Hall of Fame</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partial_discography">Partial discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Partial discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Beethoven, Conc. pf. n. 4, 5 - Arrau/Haitink/CGO, 1964 Philips</li> <li>Beethoven, Piano Concertos Nos. 4 & 5 - Claudio Arrau/Sir Colin Davis/Staatskapelle Dresden, Philips</li> <li>Beethoven, The 5 Piano Concertos - Claudio Arrau/Sir Colin Davis/Staatskapelle Dresden, 1988 Philips</li> <li>Beethoven, Sonatas. pf. n. 1-32 - Arrau, 1964 Decca</li> <li>Beethoven, Sonatas. pf. n. 8, 14, 23 - Arrau, 1962/1967 Decca</li> <li>Beethoven: The Late Piano Sonatas, Op. 101, 106, 109, 110, & 111 - Claudio Arrau, Philips</li> <li>Beethoven: Complete Piano Sonatas - Claudio Arrau, Decca</li> <li>Chopin, Ballate n. 1-4/Scherzi n. 1-4 - Arrau, 1977/1984 Decca</li> <li>Chopin, Claudio Arrau Plays Chopin - Arrau/Inbal/LPO, Decca</li> <li>Chopin, Conc. pf. n. 1-2/Krakowiak - Arrau/Inbal/LPO, 1970/1980 Philips</li> <li>Chopin, Nocturnes n. 1-21 - Arrau, 1978/1980 Philips</li> <li>Chopin, Valzer n. 1-19 - Arrau, 1980 Decca</li> <li>Chopin, 26 Preludes & 4 Impromptus - Claudio Arrau, Philips</li> <li>Chopin: Études Op. 10 and Op. 25 - Claudio Arrau, 1957 EMI Great Recordings of the Century</li> <li>Debussy: Preludes & Images & Estampes - Claudio Arrau, 1991 Philips</li> <li>Liszt, 12 Etudes d'exécution transcendante - Claudio Arrau, 1977 Philips</li> <li>Liszt: Sonata in B Minor, 2 Études de concert - Claudio Arrau, Philips</li> <li>Mozart, Son. pf. n. 1-18/Fant./Rondò - Arrau, 1973/1987 Decca</li> <li>Schubert: Late Piano Sonatas - Claudio Arrau, Decca</li> <li>Schumann: Carnaval; Kinderszenen; Waldszenen - Claudio Arrau, 1987 Philips</li> <li>Arrau, Beethoven/Chopin/Liszt - Davis/LSO, 1976/1985 Decca</li> <li>Arrau, The legacy - Bach/Beethoven/Schubert/Debussy, 1988/1991 Decca</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Role </th></tr> <tr> <td>1935 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dreams_of_Love_(1935_Mexican_film)" title="Dreams of Love (1935 Mexican film)">Sueño de amor</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Franz Liszt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935 </td> <td><i>Thy Son</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1957 </td> <td><i>Claudio Arrau Concert</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976 </td> <td><i>Memories of Berlin: The Twilight of Weimar Culture</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td><i>Claudio Arrau: A Life in Music</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987 </td> <td><i>Claudio Arrau: The Emperor</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td><i>The Golden Age of the Piano</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td><i>The Art of Piano: Great Pianists of the 20th Century</i> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1984: <i>Leben mit der Musik</i> (with Joseph Horowitz)</li> <li>1985: <i>Arrau parle: conversations avec Joseph Horowitz</i> (with Joseph Horowitz)</li> <li>2009: <i>Liszt: A Listener's Guide to His Piano Works</i> (with John Bell Young)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/10/obituaries/claudio-arrau-pianist-is-dead-at-88.html">"Claudio Arrau, Pianist, Is Dead at 88"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. June 10, 1991.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Claudio+Arrau%2C+Pianist%2C+Is+Dead+at+88&rft.date=1991-06-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F10%2Fobituaries%2Fclaudio-arrau-pianist-is-dead-at-88.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Arrau-Claudio.htm">Claudio Arrau (Piano)</a> full ancestry to Campbells as well as Hapsburgs given here. Accessed via Internet November 22, 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Horowitz" title="Joseph Horowitz">Joseph Horowitz</a>, <i>Arrau on Music and Performance</i> Page 182 "Arrau was raised as a Catholic, but gave it up around the age of fifteen. 'I confessed only once, and thought it was absolutely ridiculous...(I) am not religious in any confessional sense. I think I have some mystical sensations. But I have no image of God as a person.'"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arrau60-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arrau60_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arrau60_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arrau60_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arrau60_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arrau60_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomas_F._Johnson1963" class="citation web cs1">Thomas F. Johnson (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.princeton.edu/~gpmenos/C_Arrau_at_60.html">"ARRAU AT 60"</a>. Musical America.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARRAU+AT+60&rft.pub=Musical+America&rft.date=1963&rft.au=Thomas+F.+Johnson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.princeton.edu%2F~gpmenos%2FC_Arrau_at_60.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dlnhs.org/neighborhoods/DouglasManor/modules/residents/Arrau.cfm">"Douglas Manor:Notable residents – Claudio Arrau, Pianist"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170308200106/http://www.dlnhs.org/neighborhoods/DouglasManor/modules/residents/Arrau.cfm">Archived</a> 2017-03-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Douglaston and Little Neck Historical Society, 2016, accessed June 5, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/tecnologia/inventos/el-mundo-conmemora-los-25-anos-de-la-aparicion-del-cd/2007-08-17/142957.html">"El mundo conmemora los 25 años de la aparición del CD"</a>. <i>Cooperativa.cl</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cooperativa.cl&rft.atitle=El+mundo+conmemora+los+25+a%C3%B1os+de+la+aparici%C3%B3n+del+CD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cooperativa.cl%2Fnoticias%2Ftecnologia%2Finventos%2Fel-mundo-conmemora-los-25-anos-de-la-aparicion-del-cd%2F2007-08-17%2F142957.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMendoza2017" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mendoza, Alvaro (4 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mercadeoglobal.com/blog/historia-cd-musica-oidos-exito/">"La historia del cd, música clásica a los oídos del éxito » Alvaro Mendoza"</a>. <i>MercadeoGlobal</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MercadeoGlobal&rft.atitle=La+historia+del+cd%2C+m%C3%BAsica+cl%C3%A1sica+a+los+o%C3%ADdos+del+%C3%A9xito+%C2%BB+Alvaro+Mendoza&rft.date=2017-10-04&rft.aulast=Mendoza&rft.aufirst=Alvaro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmercadeoglobal.com%2Fblog%2Fhistoria-cd-musica-oidos-exito%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHorowitzArrau1999" class="citation web cs1">Horowitz, Joseph; Arrau, Claudio (January 1, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LRJQAwAAQBAJ&dq=june+8+died+next+day&pg=PA278">"Arrau on Music and Performance"</a>. Courier Corporation. p. 278<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2025</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arrau+on+Music+and+Performance&rft.pages=278&rft.pub=Courier+Corporation&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Arrau%2C+Claudio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLRJQAwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Djune%2B8%2Bdied%2Bnext%2Bday%26pg%3DPA278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Horowitz, J. (1999), <i>Arrau on music and performance</i>. Courier Dover Publications.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pristineclassical.com/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"ARRAU Bach: Goldberg Variations", Pristine Classical - The Greatest Music, The Finest Sound"</a>. <i>Pristine Classical</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pristine+Classical&rft.atitle=%22ARRAU+Bach%3A+Goldberg+Variations%22%2C+Pristine+Classical+-+The+Greatest+Music%2C+The+Finest+Sound&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pristineclassical.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roma_Randles-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roma_Randles_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roma_Randles_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRoma_Randles2013" class="citation book cs1">Roma Randles (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UstIfcNjvMoC&pg=PA1937"><i>A Life in Music: Ruth Nye and the Arrau Heritage</i></a>. Grosvenor House Publishing. p. 1937. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78148-200-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78148-200-1"><bdi>978-1-78148-200-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Life+in+Music%3A+Ruth+Nye+and+the+Arrau+Heritage&rft.pages=1937&rft.pub=Grosvenor+House+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-78148-200-1&rft.au=Roma+Randles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUstIfcNjvMoC%26pg%3DPA1937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://booklets.idagio.com/747313908486.pdf">"CLAUDIO ARRAU : KLAVIERKONZERTE"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Booklets.idagio.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Booklets.idagio.com&rft.atitle=CLAUDIO+ARRAU+%3A+KLAVIERKONZERTE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooklets.idagio.com%2F747313908486.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harold C. Schonberg, The Great Pianists from Mozart to the Present, Simon & Schuster, Second Edition (1987)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.princeton.edu/~gpmenos/gift_of_constant_renewal.html">"CLAUDIO ARRAU -GIFT OF SELF-RENEWAL"</a>. <i>Princeton.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Princeton.edu&rft.atitle=CLAUDIO+ARRAU+-GIFT+OF+SELF-RENEWAL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.princeton.edu%2F~gpmenos%2Fgift_of_constant_renewal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Conversations With Arrau</i>. 1982. pp. <span class="nowrap">256–</span>257.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conversations+With+Arrau&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E256-%3C%2Fspan%3E257&rft.date=1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohn_von_Rhein1991" class="citation web cs1">John von Rhein (June 10, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1991/06/10/world-renowned-pianist-claudio-arrau/">"World-renowned Pianist Claudio Arrau"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=World-renowned+Pianist+Claudio+Arrau&rft.date=1991-06-10&rft.au=John+von+Rhein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1991%2F06%2F10%2Fworld-renowned-pianist-claudio-arrau%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arrauhouse-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-arrauhouse_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arrauhouse_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arrauhouse.org/content/ackn_prizesdecorations.htm">"Arrau Prizes and Decorations ArrauHouse"</a>. <i>www.arrauhouse.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225165253/http://www.arrauhouse.org/content/ackn_prizesdecorations.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.arrauhouse.org&rft.atitle=Arrau+Prizes+and+Decorations+ArrauHouse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arrauhouse.org%2Fcontent%2Fackn_prizesdecorations.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-embajadadechile-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-embajadadechile_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.embajadadechile.com.mx/Arte%20y%20Cultura/claudio_arrau.htm">"Claudio Arrau"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Claudio+Arrau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.embajadadechile.com.mx%2FArte%2520y%2520Cultura%2Fclaudio_arrau.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sachs, H., & Manildi, D.: <i>Rubinstein: a life</i>, page 379. Grove Press, 1995.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schumann-Portal-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schumann-Portal_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.schumann-portal.de/Robert_Schumann_Gesellschaft_e.V..html">"Robert Schumann Gesellschaft e.V."</a> <i>Schumann-Portal</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Schumann-Portal&rft.atitle=Robert+Schumann+Gesellschaft+e.V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.schumann-portal.de%2FRobert_Schumann_Gesellschaft_e.V..html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gramophone.co.uk/HallofFame/ArtistPage/Arrau">"Claudio Arrau (pianist)"</a>. Gramophone<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Claudio+Arrau+%28pianist%29&rft.pub=Gramophone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gramophone.co.uk%2FHallofFame%2FArtistPage%2FArrau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClaudio+Arrau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Arrau&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Claudio_Arrau" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Claudio Arrau">Claudio Arrau</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Claudio_Arrau" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Claudio Arrau">Claudio Arrau</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arrauhouse.org/">ArrauHouse</a>. Comprehensive website on Claudio Arrau</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arrausite.free.fr/Index.html">Arrau site français</a> Claudio Arrau: Discographie, repertoire et informations.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.princeton.edu/~gpmenos/biography.html">Biographical sketch</a> for Claudio Arrau</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060923085232/http://www.unitel.de/uhilites/010601.htm">Remembering Claudio Arrau on the tenth anniversary of his passing</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived September 23, 2006) from Unitel</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080324215339/http://www.memoriachilena.cl/mchilena01/temas/index.asp?id_ut=claudioarrauleon%281903-1991%29">Decca & Philips' Biography and Discography</a> of Claudio Arrau</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130128150817/http://www.marstonrecords.com/arrau/arrau_liner.htm">Marston Records' Biography</a> of Claudio Arrau</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.answers.com/topic/claudio-arrau">Biography of Claudio Arrau</a> from <a href="/wiki/Answers.com" title="Answers.com">Answers.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080324215339/http://www.memoriachilena.cl/mchilena01/temas/index.asp?id_ut=claudioarrauleon%281903-1991%29">Arrau's comprehensive discography</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080324215339/http://www.memoriachilena.cl/mchilena01/temas/index.asp?id_ut=claudioarrauleon(1903-1991)">Biography of Claudio Arrau</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived March 24, 2008) <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.municipalidadchillan.cl/?modname=contenidos&id=189">Biography of Claudio Arrau</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Claudio-Arrau">Article of Claudio Arrau</a> from <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> Online</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100212053713/http://www.museoarrau.cl/">Arrau's Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZP93yqXGjk"><span class="plainlinks">"Claudio Arrau Introduces the Beethoven Piano Concertos"</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/9780199924325/">Piano Lessons with Claudio Arrau: A Guide to His Philosophy and Techniques by Victoria A. von Arx</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Gramophone Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Gramophone Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gramophone Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame145" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gramophone Hall of Fame">Gramophone Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conductors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Barbirolli" title="John Barbirolli">John Barbirolli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beecham" title="Thomas Beecham">Thomas Beecham</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beecham_selected_discography" title="Thomas Beecham selected discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Karl_B%C3%B6hm" title="Karl Böhm">Karl Böhm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Boult" title="Adrian Boult">Adrian Boult</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Boult_discography" title="Adrian Boult discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Celibidache" title="Sergiu Celibidache">Sergiu Celibidache</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Chailly" title="Riccardo Chailly">Riccardo Chailly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Davis" title="Colin Davis">Colin Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Dudamel" title="Gustavo Dudamel">Gustavo Dudamel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Furtw%C3%A4ngler" title="Wilhelm Furtwängler">Wilhelm Furtwängler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_Gardiner" title="John Eliot Gardiner">John Eliot Gardiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Giulini" title="Carlo Maria Giulini">Carlo Maria Giulini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Haitink" title="Bernard Haitink">Bernard Haitink</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Haitink_discography" title="Bernard Haitink discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hogwood" title="Christopher Hogwood">Christopher Hogwood</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_von_Karajan" title="Herbert von Karajan">Herbert von Karajan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber" title="Carlos Kleiber">Carlos Kleiber</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber_discography" title="Carlos Kleiber discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Otto_Klemperer" title="Otto Klemperer">Otto Klemperer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Levine" title="James Levine">James Levine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mackerras" title="Charles Mackerras">Charles Mackerras</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neville_Marriner" title="Neville Marriner">Neville Marriner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Mravinsky" title="Yevgeny Mravinsky">Yevgeny Mravinsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Muti" title="Riccardo Muti">Riccardo Muti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ormandy" title="Eugene Ormandy">Eugene Ormandy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Pappano" title="Antonio Pappano">Antonio Pappano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Pinnock" title="Trevor Pinnock">Trevor Pinnock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle" title="Simon Rattle">Simon Rattle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle_discography" title="Simon Rattle discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Reiner" title="Fritz Reiner">Fritz Reiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti_discography" title="Georg Solti discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Stokowski" title="Leopold Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Szell" title="George Szell">George Szell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tilson_Thomas" title="Michael Tilson Thomas">Michael Tilson Thomas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini_discography" title="Arturo Toscanini discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Walter" title="Bruno Walter">Bruno Walter</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Allen_(baritone)" title="Thomas Allen (baritone)">Thomas Allen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_de_los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Victoria de los Ángeles">Victoria de los Ángeles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Janet_Baker" title="Janet Baker">Janet Baker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Bartoli" title="Cecilia Bartoli">Cecilia Bartoli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jussi_Bj%C3%B6rling" title="Jussi Björling">Jussi Björling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Montserrat_Caball%C3%A9" title="Montserrat Caballé">Montserrat Caballé</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feodor_Chaliapin" title="Feodor Chaliapin">Feodor Chaliapin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joyce_DiDonato" title="Joyce DiDonato">Joyce DiDonato</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Ferrier" title="Kathleen Ferrier">Kathleen Ferrier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Flagstad" title="Kirsten Flagstad">Kirsten Flagstad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Fleming" title="Renée Fleming">Renée Fleming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Gheorghiu" title="Angela Gheorghiu">Angela Gheorghiu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicolai_Ghiaurov" title="Nicolai Ghiaurov">Nicolai Ghiaurov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Gobbi" title="Tito Gobbi">Tito Gobbi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hampson" title="Thomas Hampson">Thomas Hampson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Hotter" title="Hans Hotter">Hans Hotter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Hvorostovsky" title="Dmitri Hvorostovsky">Dmitri Hvorostovsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gundula_Janowitz" title="Gundula Janowitz">Gundula Janowitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Kaufmann" title="Jonas Kaufmann">Jonas Kaufmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Keenlyside" title="Simon Keenlyside">Simon Keenlyside</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Kirkby" title="Emma Kirkby">Emma Kirkby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anna_Netrebko" title="Anna Netrebko">Anna Netrebko</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Nilsson" title="Birgit Nilsson">Birgit Nilsson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Sofie_von_Otter" title="Anne Sofie von Otter">Anne Sofie von Otter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Pavarotti" title="Luciano Pavarotti">Luciano Pavarotti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Schwarzkopf" title="Elisabeth Schwarzkopf">Elisabeth Schwarzkopf</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Sutherland" title="Joan Sutherland">Joan Sutherland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Renata_Tebaldi" title="Renata Tebaldi">Renata Tebaldi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryn_Terfel" title="Bryn Terfel">Bryn Terfel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Wunderlich" title="Fritz Wunderlich">Fritz Wunderlich</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboardists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leif_Ove_Andsnes" title="Leif Ove Andsnes">Leif Ove Andsnes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Argerich" title="Martha Argerich">Martha Argerich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Claudio Arrau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ashkenazy" title="Vladimir Ashkenazy">Vladimir Ashkenazy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Gilels" title="Emil Gilels">Emil Gilels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Gulda" title="Friedrich Gulda">Friedrich Gulda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marc-Andr%C3%A9_Hamelin" title="Marc-André Hamelin">Marc-André Hamelin</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marc-Andr%C3%A9_Hamelin_discography" title="Marc-André Hamelin discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Hewitt" title="Angela Hewitt">Angela Hewitt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hough" title="Stephen Hough">Stephen Hough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Kempff" title="Wilhelm Kempff">Wilhelm Kempff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Kissin" title="Evgeny Kissin">Evgeny Kissin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Leonhardt" title="Gustav Leonhardt">Gustav Leonhardt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lang_Lang" title="Lang Lang">Lang Lang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dinu_Lipatti" title="Dinu Lipatti">Dinu Lipatti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Radu_Lupu" title="Radu Lupu">Radu Lupu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Benedetti_Michelangeli" title="Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli">Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Perahia" title="Murray Perahia">Murray Perahia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Sergei Rachmaninoff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_Richter" title="Sviatoslav Richter">Sviatoslav Richter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Artur_Schnabel" title="Artur Schnabel">Artur Schnabel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Sokolov" title="Grigory Sokolov">Grigory Sokolov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mitsuko_Uchida" title="Mitsuko Uchida">Mitsuko Uchida</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String/brass/<br />woodwind players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Andr%C3%A9" title="Maurice André">Maurice André</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Brain" title="Dennis Brain">Dennis Brain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Bream" title="Julian Bream">Julian Bream</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Casals" title="Pablo Casals">Pablo Casals</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kyung_Wha_Chung" title="Kyung Wha Chung">Kyung Wha Chung</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_du_Pr%C3%A9" title="Jacqueline du Pré">Jacqueline du Pré</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Galway" title="James Galway">James Galway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Grumiaux" title="Arthur Grumiaux">Arthur Grumiaux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jascha_Heifetz" title="Jascha Heifetz">Jascha Heifetz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Isserlis" title="Steven Isserlis">Steven Isserlis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kreisler" title="Fritz Kreisler">Fritz Kreisler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wynton_Marsalis" title="Wynton Marsalis">Wynton Marsalis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Mayer" title="Albrecht Mayer">Albrecht Mayer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Milstein" title="Nathan Milstein">Nathan Milstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Oistrakh" title="David Oistrakh">David Oistrakh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Pahud" title="Emmanuel Pahud">Emmanuel Pahud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Itzhak_Perlman" title="Itzhak Perlman">Itzhak Perlman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Rampal" title="Jean-Pierre Rampal">Jean-Pierre Rampal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jordi_Savall" title="Jordi Savall">Jordi Savall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(guitarist)" title="John Williams (guitarist)">John Williams</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ensembles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alban_Berg_Quartett" title="Alban Berg Quartett">Alban Berg Quartett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_Quartet" title="Amadeus Quartet">Amadeus Quartet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Beaux_Arts_Trio" title="Beaux Arts Trio">Beaux Arts Trio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Singers" title="The King's Singers">The King's Singers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tak%C3%A1cs_Quartet" title="Takács Quartet">Takács Quartet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Tallis_Scholars" title="The Tallis Scholars">The Tallis Scholars</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Producers/engineers/<br />record label executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Coutaz" title="Bernard Coutaz">Bernard Coutaz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Culshaw" title="John Culshaw">John Culshaw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/C._Robert_Fine" class="mw-redirect" title="C. Robert Fine">C. Robert Fine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Gaisberg" title="Fred Gaisberg">Fred Gaisberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Heymann" title="Klaus Heymann">Klaus Heymann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Alain Lanceron</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Legge" title="Walter Legge">Walter Legge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lewis_(Decca)" title="Edward Lewis (Decca)">Edward Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goddard_Lieberson" title="Goddard Lieberson">Goddard Lieberson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mohr" title="Richard Mohr">Richard Mohr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ted Perry</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Wilkinson" title="Kenneth Wilkinson">Kenneth Wilkinson</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160223#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3737" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160223#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3737" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160223#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118504428">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81084040">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13890903b">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13890903b">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00620285">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Arrau, Claudio"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV054348">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36542470">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000700078&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX850047">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069476438">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/98055249">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000056735&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000671909&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000037483">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2020J5032">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/0xbdffrj13scgnn">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810574314605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007436433305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000187881">Finland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01500723?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/3905011f-ac59-4d50-9095-1545a9944de8">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/103250">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/claudio-arrau/759">Grammy Awards</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_118504428">FID</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1282508">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118504428.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118504428">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028011740">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6k64t0m">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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