CINXE.COM

(PDF) Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research | European Scientific Journal ESJ - Academia.edu

<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="JH4l6O9gSlBHe1azVUqucITIkMyZY9FC6r2oXbscSoYIT9l7639Uf2yiPyQ5I8Lh24JPEZnNiXLBKVBtdX5HIA==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="European Scientific Journal ESJ" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Business environment has always been addressed by various scientific studies via many subjects, theories, and paradigms. While some of these have been very popular in the literature, some have not attained much concern. This study emphasizes two of" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/33384065/9874609/148656532/s200_european_scientific_journal.esj.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Business environment has always been addressed by various scientific studies via many subjects, theories, and paradigms. While some of these have been very popular in the literature, some have not attained much concern. This study emphasizes two of" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://euinstitute.academia.edu/EuropeanScientificJournalESJ" /> <meta name="description" content="Business environment has always been addressed by various scientific studies via many subjects, theories, and paradigms. While some of these have been very popular in the literature, some have not attained much concern. This study emphasizes two of" /> <title>(PDF) Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research | European Scientific Journal ESJ - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732450387000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732450387000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Business environment has always been addressed by various scientific studies via many subjects, theories, and paradigms. While some of these have been very popular in the literature, some have not attained much concern. This study emphasizes two of the very prominent subjects, namely transformational leadership and organizational commitment. What are characteristic to this study are that the existence of top managers\u0026amp;#39; leadership feature (if any) are interpreted by the workers; workers express the extent to which they perceive their top managers as transformational leaders; and workers\u0026amp;#39; organizational commitment is investigated to unearth any potential relationships with this transformational leadership perception. These relationships are expected to be reciprocal. In other words, it is expected that workers\u0026amp;#39; organizational commitment affects and is affected by how much they perceive their top managers as transformational leaders. This expectation is tested in İstanbul Tuzla Organized Industrial Zone by a model proposed with the intentions of finding related facts about Turkish businesses, and reaching some implications about connections between transformational leadership\u0026amp;#39;s nature and organizational commitment. The main result acknowledges this expectation: there is a positive and moderate reciprocal connection.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"European Scientific Journal ESJ"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2017-11-16","dateModified":"2017-11-16","datePublished":null,"headline":"Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Organizational Commitment","Transformational Leadership","Top Managers"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":null,"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"euinstitute"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/text_button-73590134e40cdb49f9abdc8e796cc00dc362693f3f0f6137d6cf9bb78c318ce7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&amp;family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&amp;family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&amp;family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&amp;display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> </head> <body> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class="js-upgrade-ie-banner" style="display: none; text-align: center; padding: 8px 0; background-color: #ebe480;"><p style="color: #000; font-size: 12px; margin: 0 0 4px;">Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p style="color: #000; font-size: 12px; margin: 0;">To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.querySelector('.js-upgrade-ie-banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span &nbsp;&nbsp;="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "b522215210d084927a1dd7eb2c4ca45ffea4c4bcc8b9b1dca1a88a5e68aca58e", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="I/slobie6EuMZOK1d7JIZ4K/ecnN+FpOP3WiiGGoewYPytkyvIH2ZKe9iyIb2yT23fWmFM1WAn4U4Vq4r8p2oA==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="P5hlOnsR+2fVy2/FiFf1E0voErYeC5UInMiwvkH9HSwTqZmpfw7lSP4SBlLkPpmCFKLNax6lzTi3XEiOj58Qig==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we&#39;ll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><input class="btn btn-primary btn-block g-recaptcha js-password-reset-submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" type="submit" value="Email me a link" /></form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account?&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script> <div class="header--container" id="main-header-container"><div class="header--inner-container header--inner-container-ds2"><div class="header-ds2--left-wrapper"><div class="header-ds2--left-wrapper-inner"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="hide-on-desktop-redesign" style="height: 24px; width: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hide-on-mobile-redesign" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a><div class="header--search-container header--search-container-ds2"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form select2-no-default-pills" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" autocomplete="off" /><svg style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="search" class="header--search-icon svg-inline--fa fa-search fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z"></path></svg><input class="header--search-input header--search-input-ds2 js-SiteSearch-form-input" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" /></form></div></div></div><nav class="header--nav-buttons header--nav-buttons-ds2 js-main-nav"><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-header-login-url header-button-ds2 header-login-ds2 hide-on-mobile-redesign" href="https://www.academia.edu/login" rel="nofollow">Log In</a><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary header-button-ds2 hide-on-mobile-redesign" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup" rel="nofollow">Sign Up</a><button class="header--hamburger-button header--hamburger-button-ds2 hide-on-desktop-redesign js-header-hamburger-button"><div class="icon-bar"></div><div class="icon-bar" style="margin-top: 4px;"></div><div class="icon-bar" style="margin-top: 4px;"></div></button></nav></div><ul class="header--dropdown-container js-header-dropdown"><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/login" rel="nofollow">Log In</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup" rel="nofollow">Sign Up</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row js-header-dropdown-expand-button"><button class="header--dropdown-button">more<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="caret-down" class="header--dropdown-button-icon svg-inline--fa fa-caret-down fa-w-10" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z"></path></svg></button></li><li><ul class="header--expanded-dropdown-container"><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="header--dropdown-row-icon svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg>We&#39;re Hiring!</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="header--dropdown-row-icon svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg>Help Center</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row js-header-dropdown-collapse-button"><button class="header--dropdown-button">less<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="caret-up" class="header--dropdown-button-icon svg-inline--fa fa-caret-up fa-w-10" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z"></path></svg></button></li></ul></li></ul></div> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/fast_loswp-bundle-bf3d831cde46cd0e142f29f81a3fc4ce5ab45a404c10c12a480e83de68aff851.js" defer="defer"></script><script>window.loswp = {}; window.loswp.author = 33384065; window.loswp.bulkDownloadFilterCounts = {}; window.loswp.hasDownloadableAttachment = true; window.loswp.hasViewableAttachments = true; // TODO: just use routes for this window.loswp.loginUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F35161787%2FDual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F35161787%2FDual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":55023824,"identifier":"Attachment_55023824","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":35161787,"created_at":"2017-11-16T05:26:27.969-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-11T13:10:02.491-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"Business environment has always been addressed by various scientific studies via many subjects, theories, and paradigms. While some of these have been very popular in the literature, some have not attained much concern. This study emphasizes two of the very prominent subjects, namely transformational leadership and organizational commitment. What are characteristic to this study are that the existence of top managers' leadership feature (if any) are interpreted by the workers; workers express the extent to which they perceive their top managers as transformational leaders; and workers' organizational commitment is investigated to unearth any potential relationships with this transformational leadership perception. These relationships are expected to be reciprocal. In other words, it is expected that workers' organizational commitment affects and is affected by how much they perceive their top managers as transformational leaders. This expectation is tested in İstanbul Tuzla Organized Industrial Zone by a model proposed with the intentions of finding related facts about Turkish businesses, and reaching some implications about connections between transformational leadership's nature and organizational commitment. The main result acknowledges this expectation: there is a positive and moderate reciprocal connection."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [33384065]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;swp-splash-paper-cover&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:55023824,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;}"><img alt="First page of “Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/55023824/mini_magick20190115-15825-dfbowi.png?1547572454" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Dual Relationships Between Transformational Leadership Perceptions and Organizational Commitment: A Preliminary Research</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33384065" href="https://euinstitute.academia.edu/EuropeanScientificJournalESJ"><img alt="Profile image of European Scientific Journal ESJ" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/33384065/9874609/148656532/s65_european_scientific_journal.esj.jpeg" />European Scientific Journal ESJ</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Business environment has always been addressed by various scientific studies via many subjects, theories, and paradigms. While some of these have been very popular in the literature, some have not attained much concern. This study emphasizes two of the very prominent subjects, namely transformational leadership and organizational commitment. What are characteristic to this study are that the existence of top managers&#39; leadership feature (if any) are interpreted by the workers; workers express the extent to which they perceive their top managers as transformational leaders; and workers&#39; organizational commitment is investigated to unearth any potential relationships with this transformational leadership perception. These relationships are expected to be reciprocal. In other words, it is expected that workers&#39; organizational commitment affects and is affected by how much they perceive their top managers as transformational leaders. This expectation is tested in İstanbul Tuzla Organized Industrial Zone by a model proposed with the intentions of finding related facts about Turkish businesses, and reaching some implications about connections between transformational leadership&#39;s nature and organizational commitment. The main result acknowledges this expectation: there is a positive and moderate reciprocal connection.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;continue-reading-button--work-card&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:55023824,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research&quot;}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;download-pdf-button--work-card&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:55023824,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research&quot;}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="55023824" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/35161787/Dual_Relationships_Between_Transformational_Leadership_Perceptions_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Preliminary_Research" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="95096340" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95096340/The_Role_of_Transformational_Leadership_in_Organizational_Commitment">The Role of Transformational Leadership in Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="200699034" href="https://independent.academia.edu/taranjeetduggal">taranjeet duggal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Sai Om Journal of Commerce &amp; Management: A Peer Reviewed National Journal, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">One of the most important factors influencing commitment of the employees is the behavior exhibited by transformational leaders. It is argued that transformational leaders foster positive employee commitment through their characteristics. Committed employees play a major role in creating the competitive advantage for an organization. In this sense, the purpose of this study is to analyze the role of transformational leadership in eliciting employee’s organizational commitment. As this paper is descriptive, analysis of this paper is totally dependent upon the secondary data like research journal, articles and different websites. The findings of paper could aid the leaders in enhancing the commitment of the employees.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Role of Transformational Leadership in Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:97372808,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/95096340/The_Role_of_Transformational_Leadership_in_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95096340/The_Role_of_Transformational_Leadership_in_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="65500625" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65500625/The_influence_of_transformational_leadership_style_towards_organizational_commitment">The influence of transformational leadership style towards organizational commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39715706" href="https://ekahatta.academia.edu/iwankurniawan">Iwan Kurniawan Subagja</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper was study about the variables that influence significantly towards organizational commitment in PT Pertamina (Marketing Division), Palembang, Indonesia. The objective of this research is to examine the influence of leadership style towards organizational commitment in terms of gender, age, and level of education. A total of 117 questionnaires were distributed based on the total Pertamina employee in Palembang. Employees are randomly approached and given the questionnaire. However, due to some limitations such as busy schedule worker and unwillingness to participated, it took some time to collect back the questionnaire. After given some period of time, only 98 are successfully collected back. And after checking the missing question for valid questionnaire, just 88 questionnaires those can be used as valid questionnaire from respondent. The remaining questionnaires are just collected and not take part on this research. Later, the data obtained from the study was analyzed by...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The influence of transformational leadership style towards organizational commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:77069356,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/65500625/The_influence_of_transformational_leadership_style_towards_organizational_commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/65500625/The_influence_of_transformational_leadership_style_towards_organizational_commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="46208890" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46208890/RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_AND_ORGANIZATION_COMMITMENT_WITH_MEDIATING_EFFECT_OF_JOB_CHARACTERISTICS">RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT WITH MEDIATING EFFECT OF JOB CHARACTERISTICS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Amidst the over-plus researches on examining and defining TL, a few attempts have been made towards examining the correlation between TL and OC. The leadership theories propounded by several scholars have proved that the TL has different impact on followers in comparison of traditional transactional leadership approaches. TL is believed to have great impact on followers, resulting into motivating them to become more committed towards organization. In this study, investigation of correlation among TL &amp; OC with employee’s perception of JC as prospective mediators in Higher Educational Institutions is carried out. Data is collected from teachers of upper Educational Institutions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT WITH MEDIATING EFFECT OF JOB CHARACTERISTICS&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:66219031,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/46208890/RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_AND_ORGANIZATION_COMMITMENT_WITH_MEDIATING_EFFECT_OF_JOB_CHARACTERISTICS&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/46208890/RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_AND_ORGANIZATION_COMMITMENT_WITH_MEDIATING_EFFECT_OF_JOB_CHARACTERISTICS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="91832417" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/91832417/The_Effects_of_Transformational_Leadership_and_Job_Satisfaction_on_Organizational_Commitment">The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="65239925" href="https://independent.academia.edu/nidyanovalia">nidya novalia</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Economics, Business, Entrepreneurship, and Finance (ICEBEF 2018), 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this research was to determine the variables of organizational commitment. The results of this study aim to analyze PT X is engaged in the field of airlines in Indonesia serving the eastern part of Indonesia. From the temporary observation it is seen that the employees of PT. X indicate attendance; work is low and employees feel less comfortable in work, then work commitment becomes one of the factors that should be examined. Based on a literature review and explanatory research, a conceptual model of organizational commitment. The questionnaires have been collected to 70 employees. The analysis data use multiple linier regression. Furthermore, the results showed that the variables transformational leadership have a linear and positive influence on organizational commitment, but job satisfaction does not have influence on organizational commitment organizational. It is recommended that the supervisor improves the leading employees to make increase loyalty in corporate. Ke...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:95007167,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/91832417/The_Effects_of_Transformational_Leadership_and_Job_Satisfaction_on_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91832417/The_Effects_of_Transformational_Leadership_and_Job_Satisfaction_on_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="85505182" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85505182/Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Review_of_Literature">Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: A Review of Literature</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="195518697" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UdinUdin261">Udin Udin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment in literature review.This study uses an analysis of the literature to interpret and explain the findings. The results of this study show that, based on the principle of reciprocity, transformational leaders, through motivation,high expectations and inspiration for employees of their dream for the institution and the guidance they creating social assistance, self-realization, collaboration and objective accomplishment, they have improved employee commitment rates.In turn, transformational leaders through enthusiasm, inspiring encouragement, individualized attention and intellectual stimulation develop an environment in which employees establish a sense of institutional identity and have more of a constructive working partnership between leader and employees.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: A Review of Literature&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:90183595,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/85505182/Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Review_of_Literature&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85505182/Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment_A_Review_of_Literature"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="109678912" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109678912/Transformational_Leadership_Style_and_Organization_Commitment">Transformational Leadership Style and Organization Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51605138" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Agbude">Godwyns Agbude</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Paradigms, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Transformational Leadership Style and Organization Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:107731575,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/109678912/Transformational_Leadership_Style_and_Organization_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109678912/Transformational_Leadership_Style_and_Organization_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="77353654" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77353654/The_Relationship_between_Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment">The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="178602141" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SriampornTuanyee">Sri-amporn Tuanyee</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Educational Management Administration &amp;amp; Leadership, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The purpose of this article is to determine the relationship between transformational leadership of vocational school principals on vocational teachers’ organizational commitment. A random sample of 340 vocational teachers responded to a three-part instrument (the transformational leadership questionnaire, the organizational commitment questionnaire and a demographic section). Means, standard deviations, Pearson correlations and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The findings indicated that a strong, positive and significant relationship exists between transformational leadership (overall) and the organizational commitment dimension. Furthermore, the relationship between each component of transformational leadership and organizational commitment was found to be moderate, positive and significant. Finally, it is suggested that more workshops and training courses in transformational leadership should be sponsored by the Ministry of Education in Jordan to promo...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:84749932,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/77353654/The_Relationship_between_Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77353654/The_Relationship_between_Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="36248344" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36248344/EXAMINING_THE_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_MODEL_AND_ORGANIZATIONAL_COMMITMENT_MODEL_TO_ENHANCE_DECISION_MAKING_PARTICIPATION_EVIDENCE_FROM_THE">EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP MODEL AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT MODEL TO ENHANCE DECISION MAKING PARTICIPATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="79869519" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaeedeAldulaimi">Saeede Aldulaimi</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12406089" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GJESRJournal">GJESR Journal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study aims to investigate whether the transformational leadership behaviors represent intellectual motivation, idealized effect, individualized reflection, and inspirational stimulation (Bass &amp; Avolio, 2004) and whether it significantly impacts employee commitment to their organization. The study used the descriptive and analytical approach, and the sample of study represents all of employees in the field of government educational institutions in Kingdom of Bahrain. The basic sample of the research consisted of (256) employees, selected randomly from sixteen secondary schools in four Provinces. To collect data, the researcher used a questionnaire, which had prepared for this purpose. To analyzing the data, the study also used the proper statistical methods for reliability and validity test and examines the research hypotheses. The research findings indicated that, there is a significant correlation between the transformational leadership pattern and the organizational commitment in the government schools in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The responses of the administrative and the teaching staff conformed that the decision makers tend largely to apply the pattern of the transformation leadership. According the research findings, the researcher concluded a several recommendations in addition, the importance of the clarity and activation of the professional commitment rules and regulations by the administration, and more importantly, the factors of objectivity and impartiality in dealing with the staff under these rules. Numerous managerial implications follow from the findings as well as some suggestions to future research could learn from testing our model with other leadership types</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP MODEL AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT MODEL TO ENHANCE DECISION MAKING PARTICIPATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:56152791,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;docx&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/36248344/EXAMINING_THE_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_MODEL_AND_ORGANIZATIONAL_COMMITMENT_MODEL_TO_ENHANCE_DECISION_MAKING_PARTICIPATION_EVIDENCE_FROM_THE&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36248344/EXAMINING_THE_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_MODEL_AND_ORGANIZATIONAL_COMMITMENT_MODEL_TO_ENHANCE_DECISION_MAKING_PARTICIPATION_EVIDENCE_FROM_THE"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="87966835" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87966835/Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment_The_Mediating_Role_of_Job_Characteristics">Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Job Characteristics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34963433" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristianVandenberghe">Christian Vandenberghe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Human Resource Development Quarterly, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Job Characteristics&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:92047174,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/87966835/Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment_The_Mediating_Role_of_Job_Characteristics&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87966835/Transformational_Leadership_and_Organizational_Commitment_The_Mediating_Role_of_Job_Characteristics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="37877250" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37877250/Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_and_Competence_through_Organizational_Commitment_to_Organizational_Performance_PT_BERKAT_SAHABAT_SEJATI">Effect of Transformational Leadership and Competence through Organizational Commitment to Organizational Performance PT. BERKAT SAHABAT SEJATI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="81265407" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErickAnderson11">International Journal of Business and Applied Social Science IJBASS</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study aimed to determine the effect of transformational leadership and competence to organizational performance, determine the effect of transformational leadership and competence to organizational performance through organizational commitment. The study was conducted on the organization of PT. Berkat Sahabat Sejati. The sampling technique using saturated samples involving 88 employees in the organization. Analysis of data using path analysis. Based on data analysis known that transformational leadership and competence variables affect organizational performance. The influence of transformational leadership and competence of the organizational performance through a greater organizational commitment than the direct effect so that it can be said that the organizational commitment variable as an intervening variable.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Effect of Transformational Leadership and Competence through Organizational Commitment to Organizational Performance PT. BERKAT SAHABAT SEJATI&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:57883926,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/37877250/Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_and_Competence_through_Organizational_Commitment_to_Organizational_Performance_PT_BERKAT_SAHABAT_SEJATI&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37877250/Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_and_Competence_through_Organizational_Commitment_to_Organizational_Performance_PT_BERKAT_SAHABAT_SEJATI"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:55023824,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:55023824,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;workUrl&quot;:null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_55023824" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="71203130" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71203130/Impact_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Organizational_Commitment_Case_Study_at_Jordan_Ahli_Bank">Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment : Case Study at Jordan Ahli Bank</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="72132556" href="https://wise.academia.edu/AtifAlQuraan">Atif Al-Quraan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment : Case Study at Jordan Ahli Bank&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:80650907,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/71203130/Impact_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Organizational_Commitment_Case_Study_at_Jordan_Ahli_Bank&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/71203130/Impact_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Organizational_Commitment_Case_Study_at_Jordan_Ahli_Bank"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="35316372" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35316372/Studying_Relations_between_Transformational_Leadership_and_Employees_Satisfaction_and_Commitment_in_Organizations">Studying Relations between Transformational Leadership and Employees’ Satisfaction and Commitment in Organizations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="72139721" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SeyedAmidrezaTabaeian">Seyed Amidreza Tabaeian</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Studying Relations between Transformational Leadership and Employees’ Satisfaction and Commitment in Organizations&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:55177226,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/35316372/Studying_Relations_between_Transformational_Leadership_and_Employees_Satisfaction_and_Commitment_in_Organizations&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35316372/Studying_Relations_between_Transformational_Leadership_and_Employees_Satisfaction_and_Commitment_in_Organizations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="64441494" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64441494/Commitment_to_Organizations_Viewed_from_Transformational_Leadership_and_Work_Satisfaction">Commitment to Organizations Viewed from Transformational Leadership and Work Satisfaction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="206687350" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YasnimarIlyas1">Yasnimar Ilyas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Commitment to Organizations Viewed from Transformational Leadership and Work Satisfaction&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:76477718,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/64441494/Commitment_to_Organizations_Viewed_from_Transformational_Leadership_and_Work_Satisfaction&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64441494/Commitment_to_Organizations_Viewed_from_Transformational_Leadership_and_Work_Satisfaction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="64211751" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64211751/Transformational_Leadership_and_Employee_s_Commitment_Empirical_Review">Transformational Leadership and Employee ’ s Commitment : Empirical Review</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="190954932" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EDITHWGATHUNGU">EDITH W. GATHUNGU</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Transformational Leadership and Employee ’ s Commitment : Empirical Review&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:76350888,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/64211751/Transformational_Leadership_and_Employee_s_Commitment_Empirical_Review&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64211751/Transformational_Leadership_and_Employee_s_Commitment_Empirical_Review"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="1367659" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1367659/The_impact_of_transformational_leadership_on_organizational_and_leadership_effectiveness_the_Turkish_case">The impact of transformational leadership on organizational and leadership effectiveness: the Turkish case</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1195687" href="https://nevsehir.academia.edu/HakanErkutlu">Hakan Erkutlu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Management Development, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The impact of transformational leadership on organizational and leadership effectiveness: the Turkish case&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:8529038,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/1367659/The_impact_of_transformational_leadership_on_organizational_and_leadership_effectiveness_the_Turkish_case&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1367659/The_impact_of_transformational_leadership_on_organizational_and_leadership_effectiveness_the_Turkish_case"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="44437124" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44437124/The_Role_of_Organizational_Culture_and_Transformational_Leadership_in_Organizational_Commitment">The Role of Organizational Culture and Transformational Leadership in Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13330001" href="https://ukrida.academia.edu/ElkanaTimotius">Elkana Timotius</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of Science, Engineering and Technology, ICSET 2019, 23 November 2019, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Role of Organizational Culture and Transformational Leadership in Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:64856035,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/44437124/The_Role_of_Organizational_Culture_and_Transformational_Leadership_in_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44437124/The_Role_of_Organizational_Culture_and_Transformational_Leadership_in_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="85448469" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85448469/Perceived_Transformational_Leadership_Style_vis_a_vis_Academicianss_Organizational_Commitment">Perceived Transformational Leadership Style vis-a-vis Academicianss Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="138727759" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SemuBacha1">Semu Bacha</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="149017300" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmareWorku9">Amare Worku</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Perceived Transformational Leadership Style vis-a-vis Academicianss Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:90143270,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/85448469/Perceived_Transformational_Leadership_Style_vis_a_vis_Academicianss_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85448469/Perceived_Transformational_Leadership_Style_vis_a_vis_Academicianss_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="41170201" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41170201/PERCEIVED_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_STYLE_VIS_A_VIS_ACADEMICIANS_ORGANIZATIONAL_COMMITMENT">PERCEIVED TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE VIS-A-VIS ACADEMICIANS&#39; ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53178489" href="https://independent.academia.edu/bachasemu">Dr. Semu Bacha</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Social Science Research Network, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;PERCEIVED TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE VIS-A-VIS ACADEMICIANS&#39; ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:61410220,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/41170201/PERCEIVED_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_STYLE_VIS_A_VIS_ACADEMICIANS_ORGANIZATIONAL_COMMITMENT&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/41170201/PERCEIVED_TRANSFORMATIONAL_LEADERSHIP_STYLE_VIS_A_VIS_ACADEMICIANS_ORGANIZATIONAL_COMMITMENT"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="4857779" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4857779/An_Empirical_Study_on_Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_On_Organizational_Commitment_In_The_Banking_Sector_Of_Pakistan">An Empirical Study on Effect of Transformational Leadership On Organizational Commitment In The Banking Sector Of Pakistan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2594470" href="https://independent.academia.edu/iosrjournals">IOSR Journals</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;An Empirical Study on Effect of Transformational Leadership On Organizational Commitment In The Banking Sector Of Pakistan&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:32137960,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/4857779/An_Empirical_Study_on_Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_On_Organizational_Commitment_In_The_Banking_Sector_Of_Pakistan&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4857779/An_Empirical_Study_on_Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_On_Organizational_Commitment_In_The_Banking_Sector_Of_Pakistan"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="2434606" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2434606/An_Empirical_Study_of_the_Relationship_between_Transformational_Leadership_Empowerment_and_Organizational_Commitment">An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Transformational Leadership, Empowerment and Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1939748" href="https://upnm.academia.edu/Hasanalbanna">Hasan Al-Banna Mohamed</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Transformational Leadership, Empowerment and Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:50625313,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/2434606/An_Empirical_Study_of_the_Relationship_between_Transformational_Leadership_Empowerment_and_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2434606/An_Empirical_Study_of_the_Relationship_between_Transformational_Leadership_Empowerment_and_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="10" data-entity-id="110110231" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110110231/The_Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Employee_Performance_Through_Job_Satisfaction_and_Organizational_Commitment">The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21594958" href="https://esaunggul.academia.edu/ListaMeria">Lista Meria</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation, 2022</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:108029779,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/110110231/The_Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Employee_Performance_Through_Job_Satisfaction_and_Organizational_Commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110110231/The_Effect_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Employee_Performance_Through_Job_Satisfaction_and_Organizational_Commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="11" data-entity-id="118532399" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/118532399/Effects_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Organizational_Commitment_Case_of_Textile_Sector">Effects of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment: Case of Textile Sector</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27260908" href="https://independent.academia.edu/sezerayaz">sezer ayaz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">DergiPark (Istanbul University), 2023</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Effects of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment: Case of Textile Sector&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:114135275,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/118532399/Effects_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Organizational_Commitment_Case_of_Textile_Sector&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/118532399/Effects_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Organizational_Commitment_Case_of_Textile_Sector"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" data-entity-id="102312547" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/102312547/The_Influence_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Employee_Performance_with_Job_Satisfaction_and_Organizational_Commitment_as_Mediation_Variables">The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Mediation Variables</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38594232" href="https://indonesiabankingschool.academia.edu/SantiRimadias">Santi Rimadias</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen &amp;amp; Ekonomika</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Mediation Variables&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:102614582,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/102312547/The_Influence_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Employee_Performance_with_Job_Satisfaction_and_Organizational_Commitment_as_Mediation_Variables&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/102312547/The_Influence_of_Transformational_Leadership_on_Employee_Performance_with_Job_Satisfaction_and_Organizational_Commitment_as_Mediation_Variables"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="13" data-entity-id="66899787" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66899787/Does_transformational_leadership_encourage_organizational_commitment">Does transformational leadership encourage organizational commitment?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="170914822" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SAMBUNGR">ROBY SAMBUNG</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Does transformational leadership encourage organizational commitment?&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:77919077,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/66899787/Does_transformational_leadership_encourage_organizational_commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/66899787/Does_transformational_leadership_encourage_organizational_commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="38091075" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38091075/Does_organizational_culture_mediate_the_relationship_between_transformational_leadership_and_organizational_commitment">Does organizational culture mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="99890512" href="https://independent.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofOrganizationalLeadershipIJOL">International Journal of Organizational Leadership (IJOL)</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Canadian Institute for Knowledge Development (CIKD)</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Does organizational culture mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:58118598,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/38091075/Does_organizational_culture_mediate_the_relationship_between_transformational_leadership_and_organizational_commitment&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38091075/Does_organizational_culture_mediate_the_relationship_between_transformational_leadership_and_organizational_commitment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="15" data-entity-id="23563171" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23563171/An_analysis_of_relationships_among_transformational_leadership_job_satisfaction_organizational_commitment_and_organizational_trust_in_two_Turkish_hospitals">An analysis of relationships among transformational leadership, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational trust in two Turkish hospitals</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42470394" href="https://hacettepe.academia.edu/MTop">Mehmet Top</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6418440" href="https://independent.academia.edu/STEK%C4%B0NG%C3%9CND%C3%9CZ">SABAHATTİN TEKİNGÜNDÜZ</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14733826" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NHikmet">Neset Hikmet</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Health Planning and Management</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;An analysis of relationships among transformational leadership, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational trust in two Turkish hospitals&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:43988863,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/23563171/An_analysis_of_relationships_among_transformational_leadership_job_satisfaction_organizational_commitment_and_organizational_trust_in_two_Turkish_hospitals&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23563171/An_analysis_of_relationships_among_transformational_leadership_job_satisfaction_organizational_commitment_and_organizational_trust_in_two_Turkish_hospitals"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related topics</h2><div class="ds-research-interests--pills-container"><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="8171" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organizational_Commitment">Organizational Commitment</a><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="9401" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformational_Leadership">Transformational Leadership</a><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="1566355" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Top_Managers">Top Managers</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="footer--content"><ul class="footer--main-links hide-on-mobile"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px; position: relative; bottom: -1px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg>&nbsp;<strong>We&#39;re Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px; position: relative; bottom: -1px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg>&nbsp;<strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer--research-interests"><li>Find new research papers in:</li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul><ul class="footer--legal-links hide-on-mobile"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia &copy;2024</li></ul></div> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10