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id="toc-Bladder_cancer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_cancers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_cancers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Other cancers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_cancers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">HRAS</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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hreflang="tt" data-title="HRAS" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/HRAS" title="HRAS – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="HRAS" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/HRAS" title="HRAS – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="HRAS" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14884140#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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<div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Protein-coding gene in humans</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the gene and protein it encodes. For the singular of HRAs, see <a href="/wiki/HRA_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="HRA (disambiguation)">HRA (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <table class="infobox" style="width:26.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">HRAS</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png/250px-Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png/375px-Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png/500px-Protein_CD44_PDB_1poz.png 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="431" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Available structures</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#c3fdb8;width:43px"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a></th><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee">Ortholog search: <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/searchResults.html?display=both&term=Q61411%20or%20P01112">PDBe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/search?q=rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_name:UniProt%20AND%20rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_accession:Q61411,P01112">RCSB</a> </span></td></tr><tr><td><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr style="background-color:#ddd;text-align:center"><th colspan="2">List of PDB id codes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/121P">121P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1AA9">1AA9</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1AGP">1AGP</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1BKD">1BKD</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CLU">1CLU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CRP">1CRP</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CRQ">1CRQ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CRR">1CRR</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CTQ">1CTQ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1GNP">1GNP</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1GNQ">1GNQ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1GNR">1GNR</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1HE8">1HE8</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1IAQ">1IAQ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1IOZ">1IOZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1JAH">1JAH</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1JAI">1JAI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1K8R">1K8R</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1LF0">1LF0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1LF5">1LF5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1LFD">1LFD</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1NVU">1NVU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1NVV">1NVV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1NVW">1NVW</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1NVX">1NVX</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1P2S">1P2S</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1P2T">1P2T</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1P2U">1P2U</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1P2V">1P2V</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PLJ">1PLJ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PLK">1PLK</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PLL">1PLL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1Q21">1Q21</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1QRA">1QRA</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1RVD">1RVD</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1WQ1">1WQ1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1XCM">1XCM</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1XD2">1XD2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1XJ0">1XJ0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1ZVQ">1ZVQ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1ZW6">1ZW6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/221P">221P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2C5L">2C5L</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2CE2">2CE2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2CL0">2CL0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2CL6">2CL6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2CL7">2CL7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2CLC">2CLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2CLD">2CLD</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2EVW">2EVW</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2LCF">2LCF</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2LWI">2LWI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2Q21">2Q21</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2QUZ">2QUZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2RGA">2RGA</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2RGB">2RGB</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2RGC">2RGC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2RGD">2RGD</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2RGE">2RGE</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2RGG">2RGG</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2UZI">2UZI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2VH5">2VH5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2X1V">2X1V</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3DDC">3DDC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3I3S">3I3S</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3K8Y">3K8Y</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3K9L">3K9L</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3K9N">3K9N</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3KKM">3KKM</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3KKN">3KKN</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3KUD">3KUD</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3L8Y">3L8Y</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3L8Z">3L8Z</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3LBH">3LBH</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3LBI">3LBI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3LBN">3LBN</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3LO5">3LO5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3OIU">3OIU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3OIV">3OIV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3OIW">3OIW</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RRY">3RRY</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RRZ">3RRZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RS0">3RS0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RS2">3RS2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RS3">3RS3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RS4">3RS4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RS5">3RS5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RS7">3RS7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RSL">3RSL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3RSO">3RSO</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/421P">421P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLR">4DLR</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLS">4DLS</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLT">4DLT</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLU">4DLU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLV">4DLV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLW">4DLW</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLX">4DLX</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLY">4DLY</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4DLZ">4DLZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4EFL">4EFL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4EFM">4EFM</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4EFN">4EFN</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4G0N">4G0N</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4G3X">4G3X</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4K81">4K81</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4Q21">4Q21</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/521P">521P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5P21">5P21</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/621P">621P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6Q21">6Q21</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/721P">721P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/821P">821P</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4L9S">4L9S</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4L9W">4L9W</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4NYI">4NYI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4NYJ">4NYJ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4NYM">4NYM</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4URU">4URU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4URV">4URV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4URW">4URW</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4URX">4URX</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4URY">4URY</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4URZ">4URZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4US0">4US0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4US1">4US1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4US2">4US2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2N42">2N42</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2N46">2N46</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XVQ">4XVQ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XVR">4XVR</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4RSG">4RSG</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5B30">5B30</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Gene_nomenclature" title="Gene nomenclature">Aliases</a></span></th><td colspan="3" style="background:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/5173">HRAS</a></span>, C-BAS/HAS, C-H-RAS, C-HA-RAS1, CTLO, H-RASIDX, HAMSV, HRAS1, RASH1, p21ras, Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog, HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase, RASK2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">External IDs</th><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omim.org/entry/190020">190020</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mouse_Genome_Informatics" title="Mouse Genome Informatics">MGI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:96224">96224</a>; <a href="/wiki/HomoloGene" title="HomoloGene">HomoloGene</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=homologene&dopt=HomoloGene&list_uids=55890">55890</a>; <a href="/wiki/GeneCards" title="GeneCards">GeneCards</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=HRAS">HRAS</a>; <a href="/wiki/Orthologous_MAtrix" title="Orthologous MAtrix">OMA</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omabrowser.org/oma/vps/ENSG00000276536">HRAS - orthologs</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 11 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 11 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/300px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/450px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/600px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="189" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome_11_(human)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromosome 11 (human)">Chromosome 11 (human)</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 11 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 11 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/300px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/450px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/600px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: -4.2355842231676px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for HRAS"><img alt="Genomic location for HRAS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 1.8px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for HRAS"><img alt="Genomic location for HRAS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">11p15.5</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Start</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">532,242 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">End</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">537,321 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 7 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 7 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg/260px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg/390px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg/520px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">Chromosome 7 (mouse)<sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 7 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 7 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg/300px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg/450px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg/600px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="231" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 279.28885444512px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for HRAS"><img alt="Genomic location for HRAS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 285.3px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for HRAS"><img alt="Genomic location for HRAS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">7 F5|7 86.48 cM</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Start</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">140,769,018 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">End</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">140,773,918 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Gene_expression" title="Gene expression">RNA expression</a> pattern</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/">Bgee</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th><b><a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a></b></th><th><b><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a> (ortholog)</b></th></tr><tr><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000276536">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">skin of abdomen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">skin of leg</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">putamen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">caudate nucleus</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">nucleus accumbens</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">hypothalamus</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">temporal lobe</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">amygdala</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">right hemisphere of cerebellum</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">substantia nigra</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSMUSG00000025499">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">lip</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">molar</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">superior frontal gyrus</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">esophagus</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">yolk sac</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">entorhinal cortex</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">perirhinal cortex</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">muscle of thigh</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000276536">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/">BioGPS</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_CD44_204489_s_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_CD44_204490_s_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_CD44_212063_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/gene/3265/">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Gene_ontology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gene ontology">Gene ontology</a></th></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#c3fdb8;font-weight:bold">Molecular function</td><td style="background-color:#eee"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000166">nucleotide binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008022">protein C-terminus binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005515">protein binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003924">GTPase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005525">GTP binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019003">GDP binding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#c3fdb8;font-weight:bold">Cellular component</td><td style="background-color:#eee"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005737">cytoplasm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005829">cytosol</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005794">Golgi apparatus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043231">intracellular membrane-bounded organelle</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020">membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000139">Golgi membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005886">plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048471">perinuclear region of cytoplasm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634">nucleus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0098978">glutamatergic synapse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#c3fdb8;font-weight:bold">Biological process</td><td style="background-color:#eee"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043524">negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042832">defense response to protozoan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001934">positive regulation of protein phosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048169">regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006897">endocytosis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043406">positive regulation of MAP kinase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000630">positive regulation of miRNA metabolic process</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0050679">positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:1900029">positive regulation of ruffle assembly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007093">mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030335">positive regulation of cell migration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048013">ephrin receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0090303">positive regulation of wound healing</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046579">positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032729">positive regulation of interferon-gamma production</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002223">stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046330">positive regulation of JNK cascade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010629">negative regulation of gene expression</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000165">MAPK cascade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0097193">intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043547">positive regulation of GTPase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006935">chemotaxis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007166">cell surface receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010628">positive regulation of gene expression</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034260">negative regulation of GTPase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008284">positive regulation of cell population proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070374">positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009887">animal organ morphogenesis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042088">T-helper 1 type immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007265">Ras protein signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008283">cell population proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0050852">T cell receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000251">positive regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043410">positive regulation of MAPK cascade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008285">negative regulation of cell population proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045944">positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007165">signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006915">apoptotic process</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007264">small GTPase mediated signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0090398">cellular senescence</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035900">response to isolation stress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0071480">cellular response to gamma radiation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045740">positive regulation of DNA replication</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010863">positive regulation of phospholipase C activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051291">protein heterooligomerization</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0090314">positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0098696">regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center">Sources:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/">Amigo</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/">QuickGO</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Orthologs" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthologs">Orthologs</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Species</th><td><b>Human</b></td><td><b>Mouse</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Entrez" title="Entrez">Entrez</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=3265&rn=1">3265</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=15461&rn=1">15461</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Ensembl" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000276536;db=core">ENSG00000276536</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000174775;db=core">ENSG00000174775</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000025499;db=core">ENSMUSG00000025499</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P01112">P01112</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q61411">Q61411</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">RefSeq (mRNA)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001130442">NM_001130442</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_005343">NM_005343</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_176795">NM_176795</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001318054">NM_001318054</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001130443">NM_001130443</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001130444">NM_001130444</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_008284">NM_008284</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">RefSeq (protein)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001123914">NP_001123914</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001304983">NP_001304983</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_005334">NP_005334</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_789765">NP_789765</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001123915">NP_001123915</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001123916">NP_001123916</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_032310">NP_032310</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Location (UCSC)</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&position=chr11:532242-537321">Chr 11: 0.53 – 0.54 Mb</a></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Mouse&db=mm0&position=chr7:140769018-140773918">Chr 7: 140.77 – 140.77 Mb</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a> search</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14884140" class="extiw" title="d:Q14884140">View/Edit Human</a></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14884141" class="extiw" title="d:Q14884141">View/Edit Mouse</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>GTPase HRas</b>, from "Harvey Rat sarcoma virus", also known as <b>transforming protein p21</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzyme</a> that in humans is encoded by the <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/genes?query=HRAS">HRAS</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">gene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid6264598_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid6264598-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid8661149_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8661149-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>HRAS</i> gene is located on the short (p) arm of <a href="/wiki/Chromosome_11_(human)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromosome 11 (human)">chromosome 11</a> at position 15.5, from <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">base pair</a> 522,241 to base pair 525,549.<sup id="cite_ref-entrez_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrez-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> HRas is a <a href="/wiki/Small_G_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Small G protein">small G protein</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ras_subfamily" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras subfamily">Ras subfamily</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ras_superfamily" title="Ras superfamily">Ras superfamily</a> of <a href="/wiki/Small_GTPase" title="Small GTPase">small GTPases</a>. Once bound to <a href="/wiki/Guanosine_triphosphate" title="Guanosine triphosphate">Guanosine triphosphate</a>, H-Ras will activate a <a href="/wiki/Raf_kinase" class="mw-redirect" title="Raf kinase">Raf kinase</a> like <a href="/wiki/C-Raf" title="C-Raf">c-Raf</a>, the next step in the <a href="/wiki/MAPK/ERK_pathway" title="MAPK/ERK pathway">MAPK/ERK pathway</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HRAS&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GTPase HRas is involved in regulating cell division in response to <a href="/wiki/Growth_factor" title="Growth factor">growth factor</a> stimulation. <a href="/wiki/Growth_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Growth factors">Growth factors</a> act by binding cell surface <a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">receptors</a> that span the cell's plasma membrane. Once activated, receptors stimulate signal transduction events in the <a href="/wiki/Cytoplasm" title="Cytoplasm">cytoplasm</a>, a process by which proteins and second messengers relay signals from outside the cell to the cell nucleus and instructs the cell to grow or divide. The HRAS protein is a <a href="/wiki/GTPase" title="GTPase">GTPase</a> and is an early player in many signal transduction pathways and is usually associated with <a href="/wiki/Cell_membranes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell membranes">cell membranes</a> due to the presence of an <a href="/wiki/Isoprenyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Isoprenyl">isoprenyl</a> group on its <a href="/wiki/C-terminus" title="C-terminus">C-terminus</a>. HRAS acts as a molecular on/off switch, once it is turned on it recruits and activates proteins necessary for the propagation of the receptor's signal, such as <a href="/wiki/C-Raf" title="C-Raf">c-Raf</a> and <a href="/wiki/PI_3-kinase" class="mw-redirect" title="PI 3-kinase">PI 3-kinase</a>. HRAS binds to <a href="/wiki/Guanosine_triphosphate" title="Guanosine triphosphate">GTP</a> in the active state and possesses an intrinsic enzymatic activity that cleaves the terminal phosphate of this nucleotide converting it to <a href="/wiki/Guanosine_diphosphate" title="Guanosine diphosphate">GDP</a>. Upon conversion of GTP to GDP, HRAS is turned off. The rate of conversion is usually slow but can be sped up dramatically by an accessory protein of the GTPase activating protein (GAP) class, for example <a href="/wiki/RasGAP" class="mw-redirect" title="RasGAP">RasGAP</a>. In turn HRAS can bind to proteins of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) class, for example <a href="/wiki/SOS1" title="SOS1">SOS1</a>, which forces the release of bound nucleotide. Subsequently, GTP present in the <a href="/wiki/Cytosol" title="Cytosol">cytosol</a> binds and HRAS-GTP dissociates from the GEF, resulting in HRAS activation. HRAS is in the <a href="/wiki/Ras_(protein)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras (protein)">Ras</a> family, which also includes two other proto-oncogenes: <a href="/wiki/KRAS" title="KRAS">KRAS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neuroblastoma_RAS_viral_oncogene_homolog" title="Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog">NRAS</a>. These proteins all are regulated in the same manner and appear to differ largely in their sites of action within the cell. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HRAS&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_genes_mutated_in_pigmented_cutaneous_lesions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of genes mutated in pigmented cutaneous lesions">List of genes mutated in pigmented cutaneous lesions</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Costello_syndrome">Costello syndrome</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HRAS&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Costello syndrome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At least five inherited <a href="/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation">mutations</a> in the <i>HRAS</i> gene have been identified in people with <a href="/wiki/Costello_syndrome" title="Costello syndrome">Costello syndrome</a>. Each of these mutations changes an amino acid in a critical region of the HRAS protein. The most common mutation replaces the <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acid</a> <a href="/wiki/Glycine" title="Glycine">glycine</a> with the amino acid <a href="/wiki/Serine" title="Serine">serine</a> at position 12 (written as Gly12Ser or G12S). The mutations responsible for Costello syndrome lead to the production of an HRAS protein that is permanently active. Instead of triggering cell growth in response to particular signals from outside the cell, the overactive protein directs cells to grow and divide constantly. This uncontrolled cell division can result in the formation of noncancerous and cancerous tumors. Researchers are uncertain how mutations in the <i>HRAS</i> gene cause the other features of Costello syndrome (such as mental retardation, distinctive facial features, and heart problems), but many of the signs and symptoms probably result from cell overgrowth and abnormal cell </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bladder_cancer">Bladder cancer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HRAS&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bladder cancer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HRAS has been shown to be a <a href="/wiki/Proto-oncogene" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-oncogene">proto-oncogene</a>. When mutated, proto-oncogenes have the potential to cause normal cells to become <a href="/wiki/Cancerous" class="mw-redirect" title="Cancerous">cancerous</a>. Some gene mutations are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in certain cells. These changes are called <a href="/wiki/Somatic_mutation" title="Somatic mutation">somatic mutations</a> and are not inherited. Somatic mutations in the <i>HRAS</i> gene in bladder cells have been associated with <a href="/wiki/Bladder_cancer" title="Bladder cancer">bladder cancer</a>. One specific mutation has been identified in a significant percentage of bladder tumors; this mutation substitutes one protein building block (amino acid) for another amino acid in the HRAS protein. Specifically, the mutation replaces the amino acid <a href="/wiki/Glycine" title="Glycine">glycine</a> with the amino acid <a href="/wiki/Valine" title="Valine">valine</a> at position 12 (written as Gly12Val, G12V, or H-RasV<sup>12</sup>). The altered HRAS protein is permanently activated within the cell. This overactive protein directs the cell to grow and divide in the absence of outside signals, leading to uncontrolled cell division and the formation of a tumor. Mutations in the <i>HRAS</i> gene also have been associated with the progression of bladder cancer and an increased risk of tumor recurrence after treatment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_cancers">Other cancers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HRAS&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other cancers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Somatic mutations in the <i>HRAS</i> gene are probably involved in the development of several other types of cancer. These mutations lead to an HRAS protein that is always active and can direct cells to grow and divide without control. Recent studies suggest that <i>HRAS</i> mutations are common in thyroid, salivary duct carcinoma,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and kidney cancers. DNA copy-number gain of a segment containing <i>HRAS</i> is included in a genome-wide pattern, which was found to be correlated with an <a href="/wiki/Astrocytoma" title="Astrocytoma">astrocytoma</a> patient's outcome.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The HRAS protein also may be produced at higher levels (overexpressed) in other types of cancer cells. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HRAS&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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Alter (October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5087864">"Platform-Independent Genome-Wide Pattern of DNA Copy-Number Alterations Predicting Astrocytoma Survival and Response to Treatment Revealed by the GSVD Formulated as a Comparative Spectral Decomposition"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>11</b> (10): e0164546. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016PLoSO..1164546A">2016PLoSO..1164546A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0164546">10.1371/journal.pone.0164546</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5087864">5087864</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27798635">27798635</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Platform-Independent+Genome-Wide+Pattern+of+DNA+Copy-Number+Alterations+Predicting+Astrocytoma+Survival+and+Response+to+Treatment+Revealed+by+the+GSVD+Formulated+as+a+Comparative+Spectral+Decomposition&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=e0164546&rft.date=2016-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5087864%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27798635&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0164546&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016PLoSO..1164546A&rft.au=K.+A.+Aiello&rft.au=O.+Alter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5087864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHRAS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFK._M._ReilyD._A._LoiselR._T._BronsonM._E._McLaughlin2000" class="citation journal cs1">K. 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"The Tg.AC (v-Ha-ras) transgenic mouse: nature of the model". <i>Toxicologic Pathology</i>. 29 Suppl (5): 51–9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F019262301753178474">10.1080/019262301753178474</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11695562">11695562</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20211777">20211777</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=The+Tg.AC+%28v-Ha-ras%29+transgenic+mouse%3A+nature+of+the+model&rft.volume=29+Suppl&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=51-9&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20211777%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11695562&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F019262301753178474&rft.aulast=Tennant&rft.aufirst=RW&rft.au=Stasiewicz%2C+S&rft.au=Eastin%2C+WC&rft.au=Mennear%2C+JH&rft.au=Spalding%2C+JW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHRAS" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMascauxIanninoMartinPaesmans2005" class="citation journal cs1">Mascaux C, Iannino N, Martin B, Paesmans M, Berghmans T, Dusart M, Haller A, Lothaire P, Meert AP, Noel S, Lafitte JJ, Sculier JP (Jan 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2361730">"The role of RAS oncogene in survival of patients with lung cancer: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis"</a>. <i>British Journal of Cancer</i>. <b>92</b> (1): 131–9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsj.bjc.6602258">10.1038/sj.bjc.6602258</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2361730">2361730</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15597105">15597105</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=The+role+of+RAS+oncogene+in+survival+of+patients+with+lung+cancer%3A+a+systematic+review+of+the+literature+with+meta-analysis&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=131-9&rft.date=2005-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2361730%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15597105&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fsj.bjc.6602258&rft.aulast=Mascaux&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Iannino%2C+N&rft.au=Martin%2C+B&rft.au=Paesmans%2C+M&rft.au=Berghmans%2C+T&rft.au=Dusart%2C+M&rft.au=Haller%2C+A&rft.au=Lothaire%2C+P&rft.au=Meert%2C+AP&rft.au=Noel%2C+S&rft.au=Lafitte%2C+JJ&rft.au=Sculier%2C+JP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2361730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHRAS" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmsChen2006" class="citation journal cs1">Harms KL, Chen X (May 2006). "p19ras brings a new twist to the regulation of p73 by Mdm2". <i>Science's STKE</i>. <b>2006</b> (337): pe24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fstke.3372006pe24">10.1126/stke.3372006pe24</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16738062">16738062</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22706614">22706614</a>.</cite><span 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entry on Costello syndrome</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=HRAS+protein%2C+human">HRAS+protein,+human</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PDB_121p_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_121p_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PDB_121p_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_121p_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>121p</b>: STRUKTUR UND GUANOSINTRIPHOSPHAT-HYDROLYSEMECHANISMUS DES C-TERMINAL VERKUERZTEN MENSCHLICHEN KREBSPROTEINS P21-H-RAS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1aa9: HUMAN C-HA-RAS(1-171)(DOT)GDP, NMR, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE"><img alt="1aa9: HUMAN C-HA-RAS(1-171)(DOT)GDP, NMR, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1aa9_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1aa9</b>: HUMAN C-HA-RAS(1-171)(DOT)GDP, NMR, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1agp: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF A TRANSFORMING AND A NONTRANSFORMING GLY-12 MUTANT OF P21-H-RAS"><img alt="1agp: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF A TRANSFORMING AND A NONTRANSFORMING GLY-12 MUTANT OF P21-H-RAS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1agp_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1agp</b>: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF A TRANSFORMING AND A NONTRANSFORMING GLY-12 MUTANT OF P21-H-RAS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1bkd: COMPLEX OF HUMAN H-RAS WITH HUMAN SOS-1"><img alt="1bkd: COMPLEX OF HUMAN H-RAS WITH HUMAN SOS-1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1bkd_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1bkd</b>: COMPLEX OF HUMAN H-RAS WITH HUMAN SOS-1</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1clu: H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH DIAMINOBENZOPHENONE-BETA,GAMMA-IMIDO-GTP"><img alt="1clu: H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH DIAMINOBENZOPHENONE-BETA,GAMMA-IMIDO-GTP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1clu_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1clu</b>: H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH DIAMINOBENZOPHENONE-BETA,GAMMA-IMIDO-GTP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1crp: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY"><img alt="1crp: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1crp_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1crp</b>: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1crq: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY"><img alt="1crq: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1crq_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1crq</b>: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1crr: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY"><img alt="1crr: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1crr_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1crr</b>: THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF RAS P21. GDP DETERMINED BY HETERONUCLEAR THREE AND FOUR DIMENSIONAL NMR SPECTROSCOPY</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1ctq: STRUCTURE OF P21RAS IN COMPLEX WITH GPPNHP AT 100 K"><img alt="1ctq: STRUCTURE OF P21RAS IN COMPLEX WITH GPPNHP AT 100 K" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1ctq_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1ctq</b>: STRUCTURE OF P21RAS IN COMPLEX WITH GPPNHP AT 100 K</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1gnp: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP"><img alt="1gnp: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1gnp_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1gnp</b>: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1gnq: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP"><img alt="1gnq: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1gnq_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1gnq</b>: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1gnr: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP"><img alt="1gnr: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1gnr_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1gnr</b>: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF THE ONCOGENE PRODUCT P21H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH CAGED GTP AND MANT DGPPNHP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1he8: RAS G12V - PI 3-KINASE GAMMA COMPLEX"><img alt="1he8: RAS G12V - PI 3-KINASE GAMMA COMPLEX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1he8_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1he8</b>: RAS G12V - PI 3-KINASE GAMMA COMPLEX</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1iaq: C-H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT WITH THR 35 REPLACED BY SER (T35S) COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[B,G-IMIDO] TRIPHOSPHATE"><img alt="1iaq: C-H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT WITH THR 35 REPLACED BY SER (T35S) COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[B,G-IMIDO] TRIPHOSPHATE" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1iaq_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1iaq</b>: C-H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT WITH THR 35 REPLACED BY SER (T35S) COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[B,G-IMIDO] TRIPHOSPHATE</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1ioz: Crystal Structure of the C-HA-RAS Protein Prepared by the Cell-Free Synthesis"><img alt="1ioz: Crystal Structure of the C-HA-RAS Protein Prepared by the Cell-Free Synthesis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1ioz_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1ioz</b>: Crystal Structure of the C-HA-RAS Protein Prepared by the Cell-Free Synthesis</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1jah: H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT G12P, COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[BETA,GAMMA-METHYLENE] TRIPHOSPHATE AND MAGNESIUM"><img alt="1jah: H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT G12P, COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[BETA,GAMMA-METHYLENE] TRIPHOSPHATE AND MAGNESIUM" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1jah_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1jah</b>: H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT G12P, COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[BETA,GAMMA-METHYLENE] TRIPHOSPHATE AND MAGNESIUM</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1jai: H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT G12P, COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[BETA,GAMMA-METHYLENE] TRIPHOSPHATE AND MANGANESE"><img alt="1jai: H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT G12P, COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[BETA,GAMMA-METHYLENE] TRIPHOSPHATE AND MANGANESE" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1jai_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1jai</b>: H-RAS P21 PROTEIN MUTANT G12P, COMPLEXED WITH GUANOSINE-5'-[BETA,GAMMA-METHYLENE] TRIPHOSPHATE AND MANGANESE</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1k8r: Crystal structure of Ras-Bry2RBD complex"><img alt="1k8r: Crystal structure of Ras-Bry2RBD complex" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1k8r_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1k8r</b>: Crystal structure of Ras-Bry2RBD complex</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1lf0: Crystal Structure of RasA59G in the GTP-bound form"><img alt="1lf0: Crystal Structure of RasA59G in the GTP-bound form" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1lf0_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1lf0</b>: Crystal Structure of RasA59G in the GTP-bound form</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1lf5: Crystal Structure of RasA59G in the GDP-bound Form"><img alt="1lf5: Crystal Structure of RasA59G in the GDP-bound Form" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1lf5_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1lf5</b>: Crystal Structure of RasA59G in the GDP-bound Form</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1lfd: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVE RAS PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH THE RAS-INTERACTING DOMAIN OF RALGDS"><img alt="1lfd: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVE RAS PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH THE RAS-INTERACTING DOMAIN OF RALGDS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1lfd_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1lfd</b>: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVE RAS PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH THE RAS-INTERACTING DOMAIN OF RALGDS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1nvu: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS"><img alt="1nvu: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1nvu_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1nvu</b>: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1nvv: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS"><img alt="1nvv: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1nvv_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1nvv</b>: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1nvw: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS"><img alt="1nvw: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1nvw_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1nvw</b>: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1nvx: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS"><img alt="1nvx: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1nvx_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1nvx</b>: Structural evidence for feedback activation by RasGTP of the Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor SOS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1p2s: H-Ras 166 in 50% 2,2,2 triflouroethanol"><img alt="1p2s: H-Ras 166 in 50% 2,2,2 triflouroethanol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1p2s_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1p2s</b>: H-Ras 166 in 50% 2,2,2 triflouroethanol</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1p2t: H-Ras 166 in Aqueous mother liquor, RT"><img alt="1p2t: H-Ras 166 in Aqueous mother liquor, RT" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1p2t_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1p2t</b>: H-Ras 166 in Aqueous mother liquor, RT</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1p2u: H-Ras in 50% isopropanol"><img alt="1p2u: H-Ras in 50% isopropanol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1p2u_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1p2u</b>: H-Ras in 50% isopropanol</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1p2v: H-RAS 166 in 60 % 1,6 hexanediol"><img alt="1p2v: H-RAS 166 in 60 % 1,6 hexanediol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1p2v_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1p2v</b>: H-RAS 166 in 60 % 1,6 hexanediol</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1plj: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS"><img alt="1plj: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1plj_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1plj</b>: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1plk: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS"><img alt="1plk: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1plk_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1plk</b>: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1pll: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS"><img alt="1pll: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1pll_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1pll</b>: CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON P21H-RAS USING SYNCHROTRON LAUE METHOD: IMPROVEMENT OF CRYSTAL QUALITY AND MONITORING OF THE GTPASE REACTION AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1q21: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AT 2.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF NORMAL RAS PROTEIN AND AN ONCOGENIC MUTANT COMPLEXED WITH GSP"><img alt="1q21: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AT 2.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF NORMAL RAS PROTEIN AND AN ONCOGENIC MUTANT COMPLEXED WITH GSP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1q21_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1q21</b>: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AT 2.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF NORMAL RAS PROTEIN AND AN ONCOGENIC MUTANT COMPLEXED WITH GSP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1qra: STRUCTURE OF P21RAS IN COMPLEX WITH GTP AT 100 K"><img alt="1qra: STRUCTURE OF P21RAS IN COMPLEX WITH GTP AT 100 K" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1qra_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1qra</b>: STRUCTURE OF P21RAS IN COMPLEX WITH GTP AT 100 K</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1rvd: H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH DIAMINOBENZOPHENONE-BETA,GAMMA-IMIDO-GTP"><img alt="1rvd: H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH DIAMINOBENZOPHENONE-BETA,GAMMA-IMIDO-GTP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1rvd_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1rvd</b>: H-RAS COMPLEXED WITH DIAMINOBENZOPHENONE-BETA,GAMMA-IMIDO-GTP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1wq1: RAS-RASGAP COMPLEX"><img alt="1wq1: RAS-RASGAP COMPLEX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1wq1_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1wq1</b>: RAS-RASGAP COMPLEX</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1xcm: Crystal structure of the GppNHp-bound H-Ras G60A mutant"><img alt="1xcm: Crystal structure of the GppNHp-bound H-Ras G60A mutant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1xcm_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1xcm</b>: Crystal structure of the GppNHp-bound H-Ras G60A mutant</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1xd2: Crystal Structure of a ternary Ras:SOS:Ras*GDP complex"><img alt="1xd2: Crystal Structure of a ternary Ras:SOS:Ras*GDP complex" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1xd2_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1xd2</b>: Crystal Structure of a ternary Ras:SOS:Ras*GDP complex</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1xj0: Crystal Structure of the GDP-bound form of the RasG60A mutant"><img alt="1xj0: Crystal Structure of the GDP-bound form of the RasG60A mutant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1xj0_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1xj0</b>: Crystal Structure of the GDP-bound form of the RasG60A mutant</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1zvq: Structure of the Q61G mutant of Ras in the GDP-bound form"><img alt="1zvq: Structure of the Q61G mutant of Ras in the GDP-bound form" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1zvq_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1zvq</b>: Structure of the Q61G mutant of Ras in the GDP-bound form</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1zw6: Crystal Structure of the GTP-bound form of RasQ61G"><img alt="1zw6: Crystal Structure of the GTP-bound form of RasQ61G" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1zw6_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1zw6</b>: Crystal Structure of the GTP-bound form of RasQ61G</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_221p_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="221p: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES"><img alt="221p: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PDB_221p_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_221p_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PDB_221p_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_221p_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PDB_221p_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_221p_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>221p</b>: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2c5l: STRUCTURE OF PLC EPSILON RAS ASSOCIATION DOMAIN WITH HRAS"><img alt="2c5l: STRUCTURE OF PLC EPSILON RAS ASSOCIATION DOMAIN WITH HRAS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_2c5l_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>2c5l</b>: STRUCTURE OF PLC EPSILON RAS ASSOCIATION DOMAIN WITH HRAS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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GTP (2)"><img alt="2clc: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF A FLUORESCENT FORM OF H-RAS P21 IN COMPLEX WITH GTP (2)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PDB_2clc_EBI.png/180px-PDB_2clc_EBI.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PDB_2clc_EBI.png/270px-PDB_2clc_EBI.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PDB_2clc_EBI.png/360px-PDB_2clc_EBI.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>2clc</b>: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF A FLUORESCENT FORM OF H-RAS P21 IN COMPLEX WITH GTP (2)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_2cld_EBI.png" class="mw-file-description" title="2cld: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF A FLUORESCENT FORM OF H-RAS P21 IN COMPLEX WITH GDP (2)"><img alt="2cld: CRYSTAL 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form of H-Ras p21 in complex with R-caged GTP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/PDB_2evw_EBI.png/180px-PDB_2evw_EBI.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/PDB_2evw_EBI.png/270px-PDB_2evw_EBI.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/PDB_2evw_EBI.png/360px-PDB_2evw_EBI.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>2evw</b>: Crystal structure analysis of a fluorescent form of H-Ras p21 in complex with R-caged GTP</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_2q21_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2q21: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AT 2.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAINS OF NORMAL RAS PROTEIN AND AN ONCOGENIC MUTANT COMPLEXED WITH GSP"><img alt="2q21: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AT 2.2 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title="4q21: MOLECULAR SWITCH FOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FORMS OF PROTOONCOGENIC RAS PROTEINS"><img alt="4q21: MOLECULAR SWITCH FOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FORMS OF PROTOONCOGENIC RAS PROTEINS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/PDB_4q21_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_4q21_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/PDB_4q21_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_4q21_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/PDB_4q21_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_4q21_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>4q21</b>: MOLECULAR SWITCH FOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FORMS OF PROTOONCOGENIC RAS PROTEINS</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_521p_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="521p: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES"><img alt="521p: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/PDB_521p_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_521p_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/PDB_521p_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_521p_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/PDB_521p_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_521p_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>521p</b>: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="5p21: REFINED CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TRIPHOSPHATE CONFORMATION OF H-RAS P21 AT 1.35 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MECHANISM OF GTP HYDROLYSIS"><img alt="5p21: REFINED CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TRIPHOSPHATE CONFORMATION OF H-RAS P21 AT 1.35 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MECHANISM OF GTP HYDROLYSIS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_5p21_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>5p21</b>: REFINED 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data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>621p</b>: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF H-RAS P21 MUTANTS: MOLECULAR BASIS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO FUNCTION AS SIGNAL SWITCH MOLECULES</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_6q21_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="6q21: MOLECULAR SWITCH FOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FORMS OF PROTOONCOGENIC RAS PROTEINS"><img alt="6q21: MOLECULAR SWITCH FOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FORMS OF PROTOONCOGENIC RAS PROTEINS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PDB_6q21_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_6q21_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PDB_6q21_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_6q21_EBI.jpg 1.5x, 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decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PDB_821p_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_821p_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PDB_821p_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_821p_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>821p</b>: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF A TRANSFORMING AND A NONTRANSFORMING GLYCINE-12 MUTANT OF P21H-RAS</div> </li> </ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tumor_suppressor_genes_and_Oncogenes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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title="Tumor suppressor gene">Tumor suppressor genes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oncogene" title="Oncogene">Oncogenes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ligand_(biochemistry)" title="Ligand (biochemistry)">Ligand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Growth_factors" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Growth_factor" title="Growth factor">Growth factors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="ONCO" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Platelet-derived_growth_factor" title="Platelet-derived growth factor">c-Sis/PDGF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepatocyte_growth_factor" title="Hepatocyte growth factor">HGF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">Receptor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wnt_signaling_pathway" title="Wnt signaling pathway">Wnt signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TSP" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CDH1_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="CDH1 (gene)">CDH1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hedgehog_signaling_pathway" title="Hedgehog signaling pathway">Hedgehog signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TSP" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PTCH1" title="PTCH1">PTCH1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TGF_beta_signaling_pathway" title="TGF beta signaling pathway">TGF beta signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TSP" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TGF_beta_receptor_2" title="TGF beta receptor 2">TGF beta receptor 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Receptor tyrosine kinase">Receptor tyrosine kinase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="ONCO" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ErbB" title="ErbB">ErbB</a>/<a href="/wiki/Epidermal_growth_factor_receptor" title="Epidermal growth factor receptor">c-ErbB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HER2/neu" class="mw-redirect" title="HER2/neu">HER2/neu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERBB3" title="ERBB3">Her 3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-Met" class="mw-redirect" title="C-Met">c-Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RET_proto-oncogene" title="RET proto-oncogene">c-Ret</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/JAK-STAT_signaling_pathway" title="JAK-STAT signaling pathway">JAK-STAT signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="ONCO" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD117" class="mw-redirect" title="CD117">c-Kit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD135" title="CD135">Flt3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" class="mw-redirect" title="Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins">Intracellular signaling P+Ps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wnt_signaling_pathway" title="Wnt signaling pathway">Wnt signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta-catenin" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-catenin">Beta-catenin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adenomatosis_polyposis_coli" class="mw-redirect" title="Adenomatosis polyposis coli">APC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TGF_beta_signaling_pathway" title="TGF beta signaling pathway">TGF beta signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TSP" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mothers_against_decapentaplegic_homolog_2" title="Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2">SMAD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mothers_against_decapentaplegic_homolog_4" title="Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4">SMAD4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Akt/PKB_signaling_pathway" title="Akt/PKB signaling pathway">Akt/PKB signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AKT" class="mw-redirect" title="AKT">c-Akt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PTEN_(gene)" title="PTEN (gene)">PTEN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hippo_signaling_pathway" title="Hippo signaling pathway">Hippo signaling pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TSP" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_(protein)" title="Merlin (protein)">Neurofibromin 2/Merlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MAPK/ERK_pathway" title="MAPK/ERK pathway">MAPK/ERK pathway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ras_(protein)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras (protein)">c-Ras</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-Raf" title="C-Raf">c-Raf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neurofibromin" title="Neurofibromin">Neurofibromin 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other/unknown</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-oncogene_tyrosine-protein_kinase_Src" title="Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src">c-Src</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maspin" title="Maspin">Maspin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cell_nucleus" title="Cell nucleus">Nucleus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cell_cycle" title="Cell cycle">Cell cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_4" title="Cyclin-dependent kinase 4">CDK4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclin_D" title="Cyclin D">Cyclin D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclin_E" title="Cyclin E">Cyclin E</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P53" title="P53">p53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retinoblastoma_protein" title="Retinoblastoma protein">pRb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WT1" class="mw-redirect" title="WT1">WT1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P16_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="P16 (gene)">p16</a>/<a href="/wiki/P14arf" title="P14arf">p14arf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DNA_repair" title="DNA repair">DNA repair</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fanconi_anemia" title="Fanconi anemia">Fanconi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TSP" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRCA1" title="BRCA1">BRCA1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRCA2" title="BRCA2">BRCA2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ubiquitin_ligase" title="Ubiquitin ligase">Ubiquitin ligase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CBL_(gene)" title="CBL (gene)">CBL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mdm2" title="Mdm2">MDM2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Von_Hippel%E2%80%93Lindau_tumor_suppressor" title="Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor">VHL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transcription_factor" title="Transcription factor">Transcription factor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ONCO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AP-1_transcription_factor" title="AP-1 transcription factor">AP-1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-Fos" class="mw-redirect" title="C-Fos">c-Fos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-jun" class="mw-redirect" title="C-jun">c-Jun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myc" title="Myc">c-Myc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TSP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KLF6" title="KLF6">KLF6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mitochondrion" title="Mitochondrion">Mitochondrion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Apoptosis_inhibitor" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inhibitor_of_apoptosis" title="Inhibitor of apoptosis">Apoptosis inhibitor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SDHB" title="SDHB">SDHB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDHD" title="SDHD">SDHD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other/ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bcl-2" title="Bcl-2">c-Bcl-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notch_signaling" class="mw-redirect" title="Notch signaling">Notch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stathmin" title="Stathmin">Stathmin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrolases:_acid_anhydride_hydrolases_(EC_3.6)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Template:Acid anhydride hydrolases"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Template talk:Acid anhydride hydrolases"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Acid anhydride hydrolases"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrolases:_acid_anhydride_hydrolases_(EC_3.6)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrolase" title="Hydrolase">Hydrolases</a>: <a href="/wiki/Acid_anhydride_hydrolases" title="Acid anhydride hydrolases">acid anhydride hydrolases</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enzyme_Commission_number" title="Enzyme Commission number">EC</a> 3.6)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.1" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.1</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyrophosphatase" title="Pyrophosphatase">Pyrophosphatase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inorganic_pyrophosphatase" title="Inorganic pyrophosphatase">Inorganic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamine_pyrophosphatase" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiamine pyrophosphatase">Thiamine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apyrase" title="Apyrase">Apyrase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamine-triphosphatase" title="Thiamine-triphosphatase">Thiamine-triphosphatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.2" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.2</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adenylylsulfatase" title="Adenylylsulfatase">Adenylylsulfatase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphoadenylylsulfatase" title="Phosphoadenylylsulfatase">Phosphoadenylylsulfatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.3" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.3</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.4" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">4</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase">ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cu++ (3.6.3.4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP7A" title="ATP7A">Menkes/ATP7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_disease_protein" title="Wilson disease protein">Wilson/ATP7B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calcium_ATPase" title="Calcium ATPase">Ca+</a> (3.6.3.8)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SERCA" title="SERCA">SERCA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A1" title="ATP2A1">ATP2A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A2" title="ATP2A2">ATP2A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A3" title="ATP2A3">ATP2A3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_membrane_Ca2%2B_ATPase" title="Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase">Plasma membrane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B1" title="ATP2B1">ATP2B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B2" title="ATP2B2">ATP2B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B3" title="ATP2B3">ATP2B3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B4" title="ATP2B4">ATP2B4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretory_Pathway_Ca%C2%B2%E2%81%BA_ATPase" title="Secretory Pathway Ca²⁺ ATPase">SPCA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2C1" title="ATP2C1">ATP2C1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP2C2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP2C2 (page does not exist)">ATP2C2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Na+/K+-ATPase">Na+/K+</a> (3.6.3.9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATPase,_Na%2B/K%2B_transporting,_alpha_1" title="ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1">ATP1A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A2" title="ATP1A2">ATP1A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A3" title="ATP1A3">ATP1A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A4" title="ATP1A4">ATP1A4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B1" title="ATP1B1">ATP1B1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B2 (page does not exist)">ATP1B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B3" title="ATP1B3">ATP1B3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B4 (page does not exist)">ATP1B4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">H+/K+</a> (3.6.3.10)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP4A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP4A (page does not exist)">ATP4A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/P-type_ATPase" title="P-type ATPase">P-type ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP8B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP8B1">ATP8B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP10A" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP10A">ATP10A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP11B" title="ATP11B">ATP11B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP12A" title="ATP12A">ATP12A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A2" title="ATP13A2">ATP13A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A3" title="ATP13A3">ATP13A3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.4</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynein" title="Dynein">Dynein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinesin" title="Kinesin">Kinesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myosin" title="Myosin">Myosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katanin" title="Katanin">Katanin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.5" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.5</a>: <a href="/wiki/GTPase" title="GTPase">GTPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.1: <a href="/wiki/Heterotrimeric_G_protein" title="Heterotrimeric G protein">Heterotrimeric G protein</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gs_alpha_subunit" title="Gs alpha subunit">G<sub>αs</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olfactory_receptor" title="Olfactory receptor">G<sub>olf</sub></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gi_alpha_subunit" title="Gi alpha subunit">G<sub>αi</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAI1" title="GNAI1">GNAI1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI2" title="GNAI2">GNAI2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI3" title="GNAI3">GNAI3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transducin" title="Transducin">Transducin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAT1" title="GNAT1">GNAT1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAT2" title="GNAT2">GNAT2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustducin" title="Gustducin">Gustducin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAT3" title="GNAT3">GNAT3</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gq_alpha_subunit" title="Gq alpha subunit">G<sub>αq/11</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAQ" title="GNAQ">GNAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA11" title="GNA11">GNA11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G12/G13_alpha_subunits" title="G12/G13 alpha subunits">G<sub>α12/13</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNA12" title="GNA12">GNA12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA13" title="GNA13">GNA13</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.2: <a href="/wiki/Small_GTPase" title="Small GTPase">Small GTPase</a> > <a href="/wiki/Ras_superfamily" title="Ras superfamily">Ras superfamily</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho family of GTPases</a>: <i>Cdc42</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CDC42" title="CDC42">CDC42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC10_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="TC10 protein">TC10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCL_(GTPase)" title="TCL (GTPase)">TCL</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoUV</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrch1" title="Wrch1">RhoU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chp_(GTPase)" title="Chp (GTPase)">RhoV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rac_(GTPase)" title="Rac (GTPase)">Rac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAC1" title="RAC1">Rac1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAC2" title="RAC2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rac3" class="mw-redirect" title="Rac3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoG" title="RhoG">RhoG</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoBTB</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RHOBTB1" title="RHOBTB1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHOBTB2" title="RHOBTB2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoH" title="RhoH">RhoH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RHOA" class="mw-redirect" title="RHOA">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHOB" title="RHOB">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoC" title="RhoC">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd_(GTPase)" title="Rnd (GTPase)">Rnd</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rnd1" title="Rnd1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd2" title="Rnd2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd3" title="Rnd3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoDF</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rif_(GTPase)" title="Rif (GTPase)">RhoF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoD" title="RhoD">RhoD</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>other: <a href="/wiki/Ras_subfamily" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras subfamily">Ras</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRAS" title="KRAS">KRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroblastoma_RAS_viral_oncogene_homolog" title="Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog">NRAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(G-protein)" title="Rab (G-protein)">Rab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAB23" title="RAB23">RAB23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAB27" title="RAB27">RAB27</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADP_ribosylation_factor" title="ADP ribosylation factor">Arf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARF6" title="ARF6">ARF6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR1B" class="mw-redirect" title="SAR1B">SAR1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL13B" title="ARL13B">ARL13B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL6" title="ARL6">ARL6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ran (gene)">Ran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHEB" title="RHEB">Rheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_GTP-binding_protein" title="Rap GTP-binding protein">Rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RRAD_(gene)" title="RRAD (gene)">RGK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.3: <a href="/wiki/Protein-synthesizing_GTPase" title="Protein-synthesizing GTPase">Protein-synthesizing GTPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryotic_elongation_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryotic elongation factors">Prokaryotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryotic_initiation_factor-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryotic initiation factor-2">IF-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF-Tu" title="EF-Tu">EF-Tu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF-G" title="EF-G">EF-G</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_elongation_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryotic elongation factors">Eukaryotic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.5-6: <a href="/wiki/Molecular_motor" title="Molecular motor">Polymerization motors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin_superfamily" title="Dynamin superfamily">dynamin superfamily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin" title="Dynamin">Dynamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanylate-binding_protein" title="Guanylate-binding protein">Guanylate-binding protein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitofusin-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitofusin-1 (page does not exist)">Mitofusin-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX1" title="MX1">MX1</a> and <a href="/wiki/MX2" title="MX2">MX2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin-like_120_kDa_protein" title="Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein">OPA1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubulin" title="Tubulin">Tubulin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;background:#e7dcc3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" title="Template:Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" title="Template talk:Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" class="mw-redirect" title="Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins">Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">MAP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>see <a href="/wiki/Template:MAP_kinase_pathway" title="Template:MAP kinase pathway">MAP kinase pathway</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">Calcium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intracellular_calcium-sensing_proteins" title="Intracellular calcium-sensing proteins">Intracellular calcium-sensing proteins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcineurin" title="Calcineurin">Calcineurin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca2%2B/calmodulin-dependent_protein_kinase" class="mw-redirect" title="Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase">Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/G_protein" title="G protein">G protein</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Heterotrimeric_G_protein" title="Heterotrimeric G protein">Heterotrimeric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/CAMP-dependent_pathway" title="CAMP-dependent pathway">cAMP</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heterotrimeric_G_protein" title="Heterotrimeric G protein">Heterotrimeric G protein</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gs_alpha_subunit" title="Gs alpha subunit">Gs</a>/<a href="/wiki/Gi_alpha_subunit" title="Gi alpha subunit">Gi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adenylate_cyclase" class="mw-redirect" title="Adenylate cyclase">Adenylate cyclase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclic_adenosine_monophosphate" title="Cyclic adenosine monophosphate">cAMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3%27,5%27-cyclic-AMP_phosphodiesterase" title="3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase">3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein_kinase_A" title="Protein kinase A">Protein kinase A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Cyclic_guanosine_monophosphate" title="Cyclic guanosine monophosphate">cGMP</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transducin" title="Transducin">Transducin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustducin" title="Gustducin">Gustducin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanylate_cyclase" title="Guanylate cyclase">Guanylate cyclase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclic_guanosine_monophosphate" title="Cyclic guanosine monophosphate">cGMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3%27,5%27-cyclic-GMP_phosphodiesterase" title="3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase">3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGMP-dependent_protein_kinase" title="CGMP-dependent protein kinase">Protein kinase G</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G_alpha_subunit" title="G alpha subunit">G alpha subunit</a> G<sub>α</sub> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAO1" title="GNAO1">GNAO1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI1" title="GNAI1">GNAI1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI2" title="GNAI2">GNAI2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI3" title="GNAI3">GNAI3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAT1" title="GNAT1">GNAT1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAT2" title="GNAT2">GNAT2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAT3" title="GNAT3">GNAT3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAZ" title="GNAZ">GNAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAS_complex_locus" title="GNAS complex locus">GNAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAL" title="GNAL">GNAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAQ" title="GNAQ">GNAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA11" title="GNA11">GNA11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA12" title="GNA12">GNA12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA13" title="GNA13">GNA13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA14" title="GNA14">GNA14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNA15/GNA16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNA15/GNA16 (page does not exist)">GNA15/GNA16</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G_beta-gamma_complex" title="G beta-gamma complex">G beta-gamma complex</a> G<sub>β</sub> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNB1" title="GNB1">GNB1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNB2" title="GNB2">GNB2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNB3" title="GNB3">GNB3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNB4" title="GNB4">GNB4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNB5" title="GNB5">GNB5</a></li></ul></li> <li>G<sub>γ</sub> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNGT1" title="GNGT1">GNGT1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNGT2" title="GNGT2">GNGT2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG2" title="GNG2">GNG2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG3" title="GNG3">GNG3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG4" title="GNG4">GNG4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG5" title="GNG5">GNG5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG7" title="GNG7">GNG7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNG8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNG8 (page does not exist)">GNG8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNG10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNG10 (page does not exist)">GNG10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG11" title="GNG11">GNG11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG12" title="GNG12">GNG12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNG13" title="GNG13">GNG13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSCL2" title="BSCL2">BSCL2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G_protein-coupled_receptor_kinase" title="G protein-coupled receptor kinase">G protein-coupled receptor kinase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMP-activated_protein_kinase" title="AMP-activated protein kinase">AMP-activated protein kinase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Small_GTPase" title="Small GTPase">Monomeric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADP_ribosylation_factor" title="ADP ribosylation factor">ARFs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(G-protein)" title="Rab (G-protein)">Rabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_subfamily" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras subfamily">Ras</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRAS" title="KRAS">KRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroblastoma_RAS_viral_oncogene_homolog" title="Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog">NRAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rhos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADP_ribosylation_factor" title="ADP ribosylation factor">Arfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ran (gene)">Ran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHEB" title="RHEB">Rhebs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_GTP-binding_protein" title="Rap GTP-binding protein">Raps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RRAD_(gene)" title="RRAD (gene)">RGKs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">Cyclin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_inhibitor_protein" title="Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein">Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase" title="Cyclin-dependent kinase">Cyclin-dependent kinase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclin" title="Cyclin">Cyclin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">Lipid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phosphoinositide_phospholipase_C" title="Phosphoinositide phospholipase C">Phosphoinositide phospholipase C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phospholipase_C" title="Phospholipase C">Phospholipase C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Protein_kinase" title="Protein kinase">protein kinase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Serine/threonine-specific_protein_kinase" title="Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase">Serine/threonine</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casein_kinase" title="Casein kinase">Casein kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casein_kinase_1" title="Casein kinase 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casein_kinase_2" title="Casein kinase 2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EIF-2_kinase" title="EIF-2 kinase">eIF-2 kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EIF2AK3" title="EIF2AK3">EIF2AK3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycogen_synthase_kinase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycogen synthase kinase">Glycogen synthase kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GSK1 (page does not exist)">GSK1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GSK2 (page does not exist)">GSK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK-3" title="GSK-3">GSK-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK3A" title="GSK3A">GSK3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK3B" class="mw-redirect" title="GSK3B">GSK3B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%CE%BAB_kinase" title="IκB kinase">IκB kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CHUK" title="CHUK">CHUK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKK2" title="IKK2">IKK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKBKG" title="IKBKG">IKBKG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-1_receptor_associated_kinase" title="Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase">Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRAK1" title="IRAK1">IRAK1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAK2" title="IRAK2">IRAK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAK3" title="IRAK3">IRAK3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAK4" title="IRAK4">IRAK4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lim_kinase" title="Lim kinase">Lim kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LIMK1" title="LIMK1">LIMK1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIMK2" title="LIMK2">LIMK2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P21-activated_kinases" title="P21-activated kinases">p21-activated kinases</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PAK1" title="PAK1">PAK1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAK2" title="PAK2">PAK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAK3" title="PAK3">PAK3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAK4" title="PAK4">PAK4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho-associated_protein_kinase" title="Rho-associated protein kinase">Rho-associated protein kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ROCK1" title="ROCK1">ROCK1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROCK2" title="ROCK2">ROCK2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribosomal_s6_kinase" title="Ribosomal s6 kinase">Ribosomal s6 kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RPS6KA1" title="RPS6KA1">RPS6KA1</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Non-receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Non-receptor tyrosine kinase">Tyrosine</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ZAP70" title="ZAP70">ZAP70</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Focal_adhesion_protein-tyrosine_kinase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase (page does not exist)">Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PTK2" title="PTK2">PTK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTK2B" title="PTK2B">PTK2B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruton%27s_tyrosine_kinase" title="Bruton's tyrosine kinase">BTK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">Serine/threonine/tyrosine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dual-specificity_kinase" title="Dual-specificity kinase">Dual-specificity kinase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DYRK1A" title="DYRK1A">DYRK1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DYRK1B" title="DYRK1B">DYRK1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DYRK2" title="DYRK2">DYRK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DYRK3" title="DYRK3">DYRK3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DYRK4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DYRK4 (page does not exist)">DYRK4</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">Arginine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arginine_kinase" title="Arginine kinase">Arginine kinase</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McsB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McsB (page does not exist)">McsB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Protein_phosphatase" title="Protein phosphatase">protein phosphatase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Protein_serine/threonine_phosphatase" title="Protein serine/threonine phosphatase">Serine/threonine</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protein_phosphatase_2" title="Protein phosphatase 2">Protein phosphatase 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Protein_tyrosine_phosphatase" title="Protein tyrosine phosphatase">Tyrosine</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protein_tyrosine_phosphatase" title="Protein tyrosine phosphatase">protein tyrosine phosphatase</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Receptor-like_protein_tyrosine_phosphatase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase (page does not exist)">Receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh2_domain-containing_protein_tyrosine_phosphatase" class="mw-redirect" title="Sh2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase">Sh2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">both:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dual-specificity_phosphatase" title="Dual-specificity phosphatase">Dual-specificity phosphatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apoptosis" title="Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Apoptosis_signaling_pathway" title="Template:Apoptosis signaling pathway">apoptosis signaling pathway</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/GTP-binding_protein_regulators" title="GTP-binding protein regulators">GTP-binding protein regulators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>see <a href="/wiki/Template:GTP-binding_protein_regulators" title="Template:GTP-binding protein regulators">GTP-binding protein regulators</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATF6" title="ATF6">Activating transcription factor 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_transducing_adaptor_protein" title="Signal transducing adaptor protein">Signal transducing adaptor protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%CE%BAB%CE%B1" title="IκBα">I-kappa B protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUC4" class="mw-redirect" title="MUC4">Mucin-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olfactory_marker_protein" title="Olfactory marker protein">Olfactory marker protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphatidylethanolamine_binding_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein">Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDARADD" title="EDARADD">EDARADD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRKCSH" title="PRKCSH">PRKCSH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: AntiqueWhite"><div><i>see also <a href="/wiki/Template:Deficiencies_of_intracellular_signaling_peptides_and_proteins" title="Template:Deficiencies of intracellular signaling peptides and proteins">deficiencies of intracellular signaling peptides and proteins</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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