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id="toc-Secular_canons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latin_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latin_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Latin Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latin_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Church_of_England" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Church_of_England"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Church of England</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Church_of_England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honorary_canons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honorary_canons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Honorary canons</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honorary_canons-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Honorary canons subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Honorary_canons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lay_canons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lay_canons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lay canons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lay_canons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canon_professors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canon_professors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Canon professors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canon_professors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minor_canons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minor_canons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Minor canons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minor_canons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canons_regular" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canons_regular"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Canons regular</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canons_regular-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86)" title="كنسي (الكاهن) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كنسي (الكاهن)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonche" title="Canonche – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Canonche" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Канонік – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Канонік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Канонік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Канонік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Каноник – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Каноник" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorherr" title="Chorherr – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Chorherr" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaloni" title="Chaloni – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Chaloni" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonge" title="Canonge – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Canonge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanovn%C3%ADk" title="Kanovník – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kanovník" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canon_(clerigwr)" title="Canon (clerigwr) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Canon (clerigwr)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannik" title="Kannik – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kannik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanoniker" title="Kanoniker – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kanoniker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanoonik" title="Kanoonik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kanoonik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Can%C3%B3nigo" title="Canónigo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canónigo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanoniko" title="Kanoniko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kanoniko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalonje" title="Kalonje – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kalonje" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanoine" title="Chanoine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chanoine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3engo" title="Cóengo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cóengo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%98%EC%A0%84%EC%82%AC%EC%A0%9C" title="의전사제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="의전사제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Կանոնիկոս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կանոնիկոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanonik" title="Kanonik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kanonik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanoniko" title="Kanoniko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kanoniko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanonik_(imam)" title="Kanonik (imam) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kanonik (imam)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3rsbr%C3%B3%C3%B0ir" title="Kórsbróðir – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kórsbróðir" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonico" title="Canonico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Canonico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9F_(%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8)" title="קאנון (כומר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קאנון (כומר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonicus" title="Canonicus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Canonicus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanauninkas" title="Kanauninkas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kanauninkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanunnik" title="Kanunnik – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kanunnik" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanonok" title="Kanonok – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kanonok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanunnik" title="Kanunnik – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kanunnik" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%8B%E4%BF%AE%E5%8F%B8%E7%A5%AD" title="律修司祭 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="律修司祭" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannik" title="Kannik – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kannik" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannik" title="Kannik – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kannik" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanonik" title="Kanonik – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kanonik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4nego" title="Cônego – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cônego" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonic" title="Canonic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Canonic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Каноник – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Каноник" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Каноник – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каноник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canon_(official)" title="Canon (official) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Canon (official)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanonik" title="Kanonik – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kanonik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanonik" title="Kanonik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kanonik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaniikki" title="Kaniikki – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaniikki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanik" title="Kanik – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kanik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Канонік – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Канонік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinh_s%C4%A9" title="Kinh sĩ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kinh sĩ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Category:Catholic ecclesiastical titles">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Hierarchy of the<br />Catholic Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gesupietrochiave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Saint Peter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gesupietrochiave.jpg/150px-Gesupietrochiave.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gesupietrochiave.jpg/225px-Gesupietrochiave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gesupietrochiave.jpg/300px-Gesupietrochiave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:gold"> <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Category:Catholic ecclesiastical titles">Ecclesiastical titles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">order of precedence</a>)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Emeritus">Pope Emeritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Cardinal Vicar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown-cardinal" title="Crown-cardinal">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of the Church">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_protector" title="Cardinal protector">Protector</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderator_of_the_curia" title="Moderator of the curia">Moderator of the curia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">Chaplain of His Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_legate" title="Papal legate">Papal legate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_majordomo" title="Papal majordomo">Papal majordomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Apostolic nuncio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Apostolic delegate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Syndic" title="Apostolic Syndic">Apostolic Syndic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_visitor" title="Apostolic visitor">Apostolic visitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Vicar apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exarch#Modern_Eastern_Catholic_churches" title="Exarch">Apostolic exarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_prefecture" title="Apostolic prefecture">Apostolic prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_to_the_papal_throne" title="Assistant to the papal throne">Assistant to the papal throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eparchy#Church_hierarchy" title="Eparchy">Eparch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch#Catholic_Church" title="Patriarch">Patriarch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos" title="Catholicos">Catholicos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Emeritus" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop emeritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_archbishop" title="Major archbishop">Major archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_bishop" title="Suffragan bishop">Suffragan bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">Auxiliary bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate" title="Prelate">Prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provost_(religion)" title="Provost (religion)">Provost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiff" title="Pontiff">Pontiff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_prelate" title="Territorial prelate">Territorial prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbey" title="Territorial abbey">Territorial abbot</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Liturgical titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecrator" title="Consecrator">Consecrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)#CatholicLector" title="Reader (liturgy)">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Administrative and pastoral titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auditor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Auditor (ecclesiastical)">Auditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_brother#Catholicism" title="Religious brother">Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Chancellor (ecclesiastical)">Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">Chaplain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_chaplain#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Military chaplain">Military chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ordinariate" title="Military ordinariate">Military ordinary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarb" title="Coarb">Coarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor#Confession_of_sins" title="Confessor">Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultor" title="Consultor">Consultor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curate#Roman_Catholicism" title="Curate">Curate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">Archdeacon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defender_of_the_bond" title="Defender of the bond">Defender of the bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definitor" title="Definitor">Definitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate" title="Devil's advocate">Devil's advocate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_administrator" title="Diocesan administrator">Diocesan administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_judge" title="Ecclesiastical judge">Ecclesiastical judge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcist#Catholicism" title="Exorcist">Exorcist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lay_abbot" title="Lay abbot">Lay abbot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abthain" title="Abthain">Abthain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commendatory_abbot" title="Commendatory abbot">Commendatory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_cardinal" title="Lay cardinal">Lay cardinal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_(Catholic_Church)" title="Minister (Catholic Church)">Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_orders" title="Major orders">Major orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_orders" title="Minor orders">Minor orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">Missionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsignor" title="Monsignor">Monsignor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official#Ecclesiastical_judiciary" title="Official">Officialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Ostiarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">Pastor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_pastor" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant pastor">Assistant pastor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatinus_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Palatinus in the Catholic Church">Palatinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_prelature" title="Personal prelature">Personal prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preacher" title="Preacher">Preacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefect#Ecclesiastical" title="Prefect">Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyter" title="Presbyter">Presbyter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Elder (Christianity)">Elder</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Principal (Catholic Church)">Principal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protonotary_apostolic" title="Protonotary apostolic">Protonotary apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Reverend" title="The Reverend">Reverend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint#Catholic_Church" title="Saint">Saint</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Venerable" title="The Venerable">Venerable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">Seminarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar" title="Vicar">Vicar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_vicar" title="Judicial vicar">Judicial vicar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_general" title="Vicar general">Vicar general</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)" title="Dean (Christianity)">Vicar forane</a> <ul><li>Sub-dean</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Consecrated and professed titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecrated_virgin" title="Consecrated virgin">Consecrated virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrector#Ecclesiastic_(Catholic)_titles" title="Corrector">Corrector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custos_(Franciscans)" title="Custos (Franciscans)">Custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Dean (Christianity)">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master of novices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice#Roman_Catholicism" title="Novice">Novice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">Nun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">Rector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_general_(Christianity)" title="Superior general (Christianity)">Superior general</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Additional titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" title="Dicastery for the Service of Charity">Almoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">Altar server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archimandrite" title="Archimandrite">Archimandrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archpriest" title="Archpriest">Archpriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">Archdeacon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_General_of_the_Church" title="Captain General of the Church">Captain General of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorbishop" title="Chorbishop">Chorbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarb" title="Coarb">Coarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissary_Apostolic" title="Commissary Apostolic">Commissary Apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custos_(under-sacristan)" title="Custos (under-sacristan)">Custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Dataria" title="Apostolic Dataria">Datarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonfalonier_of_the_Church" title="Gonfalonier of the Church">Gonfalonier of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate_of_Honour_of_His_Holiness" title="Prelate of Honour of His Holiness">Honorary Prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_canon" title="Minor canon">Minor canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notarius" title="Notarius">Notarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Ostiarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peritus" title="Peritus">Peritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulator" title="Postulator">Postulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prebendary" title="Prebendary">Prebendary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precentor" title="Precentor">Precentor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-bishop" title="Prince-bishop">Prince-bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-abbot" title="Prince-abbot">Prince-abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-primate" title="Prince-primate">Prince-primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-provost" title="Prince-provost">Prince-provost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate" title="Devil's advocate">Promotor Fidei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protopriest" title="Protopriest">Protopriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protodeacon#Roman_rite" title="Protodeacon">Protodeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protosyncellus" title="Protosyncellus">Protosyncellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regionarius" title="Regionarius">Regionarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacristan" title="Sacristan">Sacristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_counseling" title="Sidewalk counseling">Sidewalk Counselor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">Usher</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Organization titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grand_masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller" title="List of grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Masters_and_Lieutenancies_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Grand Masters and Lieutenancies of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order" title="Grand Master of the Teutonic Order">Teutonic Knights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisitor" title="Inquisitor">Inquisitor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Inquisitor" title="Grand Inquisitor">Grand Inquisitor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preceptor" title="Preceptor">Preceptor</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Template:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Template talk:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Canon</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">κανονικός</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">kanonikós</i></span>) is a Christian title usually used to refer to a member of certain bodies in subject to an <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">ecclesiastical rule</a>. </p><p>Originally, a canon was a <a href="/wiki/Cleric" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleric">cleric</a> living with others in a clergy house or, later, in one of the houses within the precinct of or close to a <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> or other major church and conducting his life according to the customary discipline or rules of the church. This way of life grew common (and is first documented) in the 8th century AD. In the 11th century, some churches required clergy thus living together to adopt the rule first proposed by <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Saint Augustine</a> that they renounce private wealth. Those who embraced this change were known as Augustinians or <a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons Regular">Canons Regular</a>, whilst those who did not were known as <a href="/wiki/Secular_clergy" title="Secular clergy">secular</a> canons. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Secular_canons">Secular canons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Secular canons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latin_Church">Latin Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Latin Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a>, canons are the members of a <a href="/wiki/Chapter_(religion)" title="Chapter (religion)">chapter</a>, that is a body of senior clergy overseeing either a <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_chapter" title="Cathedral chapter">cathedral chapter</a>) or a <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_church" title="Collegiate church">collegiate church</a>. Depending on the title of the church, several languages use specific titles, e.g., in German <i>Domherr or Domkapitular</i> in a <i>Dom</i> (i.e., cathedral), <i>Stiftsherr</i> in a prelature that has the status of a <a href="/wiki/Stift" title="Stift">Stift</a> (notably under a <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of the Church">prince of the Church</a>). </p><p>One of the functions of the cathedral chapter in the Latin Church was to elect a <a href="/wiki/Vicar_capitular" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar capitular">vicar capitular</a> (now named a diocesan administrator) to serve during a <i><a href="/wiki/Sede_vacante" title="Sede vacante">sede vacante</a></i> period of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a>. Since the <a href="/wiki/1983_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1983 Code of Canon Law">1983 revision of the Code of Canon Law</a>, this responsibility belongs to the college of <a href="/wiki/Consultor" title="Consultor">consultors</a>, unless the national bishops conference decides that the functions that canon law ascribes to the college of consultors, including this one, are to be entrusted to the cathedral chapter.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Church_of_England">Church of England</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Church of England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All canons of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> have been secular since the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">Reformation</a>, although an individual canon may also be a member of a religious order. Mostly, however, they are ordained, that is, priests or other clergy. Today, the system of canons is retained almost exclusively in connection with <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> churches. A canon is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Chapter_(religion)" title="Chapter (religion)">chapter</a> of (for the most part) priests, headed by a <a href="/wiki/Dean_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean (religion)">dean</a>, which is responsible for administering a cathedral or certain other churches that are styled <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Collegiate churches">collegiate churches</a>. The dean and chapter are the formal body which has legal responsibility for the cathedral and for electing the bishop. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honorary_canons">Honorary canons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Honorary canons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The title of Canon is not a permanent title and, when no longer in a position entitling preferment, it is usually dropped from a cleric's title nomenclature. However, it is still given in many <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">dioceses</a> to senior <a href="/wiki/Parish" title="Parish">parish</a> priests (including some <a href="/wiki/Rural_dean" title="Rural dean">rural deans</a>, those who have played a role in the wider life of the diocese, those who have served in the diocese for a long time, or similar) as a largely honorary title. It is usually awarded in recognition of long and dedicated service to the diocese. Honorary canons are members of the chapter in name but are non-residential and receive no <a href="/wiki/Remuneration" title="Remuneration">emoluments</a>. They are entitled to call themselves canon and may have a role in the administration of the cathedral. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Canon_to_the_Ordinary"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg/220px-Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg/330px-Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg/440px-Memorietafel_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2312.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="5428" data-file-height="4562" /></a><figcaption><i>Four Canons with SS <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a> by an Open Grave, with the Visitation</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_of_the_Spes_Nostra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Master of the Spes Nostra (page does not exist)">Master of the Spes Nostra</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meester_van_de_Spes_Nostra" class="extiw" title="nl:Meester van de Spes Nostra">nl</a>]</span> (active c. 1500–1520, Northern Netherlands)</figcaption></figure> <p>Generally speaking, canons in <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican</a> churches are either canons <i>residentiary</i> (working at the cathedral, and few in number) or <i>honorary</i> canons (non-cathedral clergy given the title as a mark of honour—often many of them): either may wear a violet or violet-trimmed <a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a>. In some <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> dioceses, the title <i><a href="/wiki/Prebendary" title="Prebendary">Prebendary</a></i> is used instead of <i>Canon</i> when the cleric is involved administratively with a cathedral. Canons may be members of the diocesan or bishop's staff rather than the cathedral staff, such as in the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">United States Episcopal Church</a>, where a diocese's "Canon to the Ordinary" is a senior priest who works directly for the diocesan bishop (ordinary).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Honorary canons within the Catholic Church may still be nominated after the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>. Also, priests (and honorary chaplains) of the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a> are, in fact, titular or honorary canons of these respective Orders and have the right to the honorific title of "Canon" and "Monsignor" <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in addition to the choir dress of a canon, which includes the mozetta (black with purple piping for Malta and white with a red Jerusalem cross for Holy Sepulchre.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lay_canons">Lay canons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lay canons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg/170px-Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg/255px-Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg/340px-Portret_van_Pierre-Louis_Stillemans_door_Jozef_Janssens_de_Varebeke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1342" data-file-height="1541" /></a><figcaption>Petrus-Ludovicus Stillemans (1821–1902), brother of <a href="/wiki/Antoon_Stillemans" title="Antoon Stillemans">Antoon Stillemans</a> and honorary canon of <a href="/wiki/St_Bavo%27s_Cathedral,_Ghent" class="mw-redirect" title="St Bavo's Cathedral, Ghent">St Bavo's Cathedral, Ghent</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Since the reign of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">King Henry IV</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Heads_of_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Heads of state">heads of state</a> of France have been granted by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> the title of sole honorary canon of <a href="/wiki/Saint_John_Lateran" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint John Lateran">Saint John Lateran</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">Saint Peter's</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the demise of the Kingdom of France this honour became transferred to the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the French Republic">Presidents of the Republic</a>, and hence is currently held by <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a>. This applies even when the French President is not a Catholic or even an atheist. The proto-canon of the papal basilica of <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Saint Mary Major</a> is the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Spain">King of Spain</a>, currently <a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Felipe VI of Spain">Felipe VI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="King of England">King of England</a> was a canon of the basilica of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_outside_the_Walls" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Paul outside the Walls">Saint Paul outside the Walls</a>. </p><p>In addition to canons who are clerics in <a href="/wiki/Holy_orders" title="Holy orders">holy orders</a>, cathedrals in the Anglican Communion may also appoint lay persons as canons. The rank of "lay canon" is especially conferred upon <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Chancellor (ecclesiastical)">diocesan chancellors</a> (the senior legal officer of the diocese, who is usually, though not exclusively, a lay person).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It has traditionally been said that the King of England (now the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">British Sovereign</a>) is a canon or <a href="/wiki/Prebendary" title="Prebendary">prebendary</a> of <a href="/wiki/St_David%27s_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="St David's Cathedral">St David's Cathedral, Wales</a>. However, this is based on a misconception. The canonry of St Mary's College, St David's became the property of the Crown on the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_monasteries" title="Dissolution of the monasteries">dissolution of the monasteries</a>. The Sovereign was never a canon of St David's, even as a layman (see also the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-Nine_Articles_of_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion">Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion</a> (1562) Article 37), though he or she may occupy the first <a href="/wiki/Prebendal" class="mw-redirect" title="Prebendal">prebendal</a> <a href="/wiki/Choir_(architecture)#Seating" title="Choir (architecture)">stall</a>, which is assigned for the monarch's use.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canon_professors">Canon professors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Canon professors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kanunnik,_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kanunnik%2C_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg/170px-Kanunnik%2C_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kanunnik%2C_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg/255px-Kanunnik%2C_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kanunnik%2C_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg/340px-Kanunnik%2C_Sint-Jozef-Klein-Seminarie_Sint-Niklaas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>Another <a href="/wiki/Flemish_people" title="Flemish people">Flemish</a> canon in official clerical dress of canons</figcaption></figure> <p>A canon professor is a canon at an Anglican cathedral (either lay or in orders) who also holds a university professorship. There are four canon professorships in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_Cathedral,_Oxford" title="Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford">Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford</a> and two in <a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham University</a> in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Durham_Cathedral" title="Durham Cathedral">Durham Cathedral</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although academics titled "canon professor" may also be found at other universities where the appointments as canon and professor have been made independently.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Section 2 of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England_(Miscellaneous_Provisions)_Measure_1995&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of England (Miscellaneous Provisions) Measure 1995 (page does not exist)">Church of England (Miscellaneous Provisions) Measure 1995</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was passed for the express purpose of enabling <a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_Cathedral,_Oxford" title="Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford">Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford</a>, to appoint not more than two lay canons. One of the motivations for this provision was that, under section 6 of the <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Commissioners_Act_1840" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiastical Commissioners Act 1840">Ecclesiastical Commissioners Act 1840</a> (<a href="/wiki/3_%26_4_Vict." class="mw-redirect" title="3 & 4 Vict.">3 & 4 Vict.</a> c. 113), the position of <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professor_of_Ecclesiastical_History" title="Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History">Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History</a> in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> was annexed to a residentiary canonry of the cathedral, meaning that the Regius professorship could be held only by an Anglican priest. Following the death of <a href="/wiki/Peter_Hinchliff" title="Peter Hinchliff">Peter Hinchliff</a> in 1995 the Regius professorship was held by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mayr-Harting" title="Henry Mayr-Harting">Henry Mayr-Harting</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> layman, from 1997 until 2003, and was taken up by another lay person, <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Foot" title="Sarah Foot">Sarah Foot</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Michaelmas_Term" class="mw-redirect" title="Michaelmas Term">Michaelmas Term</a> 2007. Three other <a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Theology,_University_of_Oxford#Professors" class="mw-redirect" title="Faculty of Theology, University of Oxford">Statutory Professorships</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professor_of_Divinity" title="Regius Professor of Divinity">Regius Professorship of Divinity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lady_Margaret_Professor_(Oxford)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Margaret Professor (Oxford)">Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity</a>, recently held by the famous Anglican theologian, <a href="/wiki/John_Macquarrie" title="John Macquarrie">John Macquarrie</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professorship_of_Moral_and_Pastoral_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Regius Professorship of Moral and Pastoral Theology">Regius Professorship of Moral and Pastoral Theology</a>, are annexed to canonries of Christ Church and were until recently held only by Anglican priests.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>At Durham, the canon professorships are the <a href="/wiki/Van_Mildert_Professor_of_Divinity" title="Van Mildert Professor of Divinity">Van Mildert Professor of Divinity</a>, the holder of which must be an Anglican priest, and the <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ramsey_Professor_of_Anglican_Studies" title="Michael Ramsey Professor of Anglican Studies">Michael Ramsey Professor of Anglican Studies</a>, who must be Anglican but did not have to be ordained.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, the chair in Greek at the university was also a canon professorship. This canonry was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Lightfoot_Professor_of_Divinity" title="Lightfoot Professor of Divinity">Lightfoot Professor of Divinity</a> in 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Lightfoot professorship was attached to the canonry until 1985,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the non-Anglican <a href="/wiki/James_Dunn_(theologian)" title="James Dunn (theologian)">James Dunn</a> was appointed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minor_canons">Minor canons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Minor canons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Minor_canon" title="Minor canon">Minor canons</a> are those clergy who are members of the foundation of a cathedral or collegiate establishment. They take part in the daily services. They have sometimes formed a distinct corporation as at <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a>, London. In <a href="/wiki/St_Patrick%27s_Cathedral,_Dublin" title="St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin">St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin</a>, they are distinct from, and rank before, the <a href="/wiki/Vicars_Choral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicars Choral">Vicars Choral</a>. The two groups overlap however; the two senior vicars, the Dean's Vicar and the <a href="/wiki/Succentor" title="Succentor">Succentor</a>, are also the two senior Minor Canons. Some Minor Canons do sit with, but are not voting members of, the Chapter. Although at present Minor Canons are generally more junior clergy this is a recent development. Within living memory such offices were often freehold and were held by clergy of great distinction and seniority. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canons_regular">Canons regular</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Canons regular"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Canons_regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons regular">Canons regular</a></div> <p>Canons regular are the members of certain religious orders in the Catholic Church (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Clerics_regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerics regular">clerics regular</a>), composed of priests who live in community with <a href="/wiki/Lay_brother" title="Lay brother">lay brothers</a>. Their goal is to combine the clerical and monastic forms of life, thus they are equally committed to pastoral ministry and to the communal celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a>. Their distinctive <a href="/wiki/Religious_habit" title="Religious habit">religious habit</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Rochet" title="Rochet">rochet</a>, which can be rendered in a range of forms. </p><p>There are a variety of congregations of canons, some of which are part of the Confederation of <a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_St._Augustine" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons Regular of St. Augustine">Canons Regular of St. Augustine</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Lateran" title="Canons Regular of the Lateran">Canons Regular of the Lateran</a> or St. Saviour, which seems to date back to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_II" title="Pope Alexander II">Pope Alexander II</a> (1063)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Canons_Regular_of_Premontre" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the Canons Regular of Premontre">Order of the Canons Regular of Premontre</a>, commonly known as Norbertines, founded by <a href="/wiki/St._Norbert" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Norbert">St. Norbert</a> (1120)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Holy_Cross_of_Coimbra" title="Canons Regular of the Holy Cross of Coimbra">Order of the Holy Cross (Canons Regular)</a> founded in Portugal in 1131 and re-founded in 1977</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross">Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross</a> (the Crosiers), founded at Clair-lieu, near <a href="/wiki/Huy" title="Huy">Huy</a>, in Belgium, in 1211</li> <li>Swiss Congregation of Canons Regular of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbey_of_Saint_Maurice_of_Agaune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbey of Saint Maurice of Agaune (page does not exist)">Abbey of Saint Maurice of Agaune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbertine_Order" title="Gilbertine Order">Gilbertine Order</a>, a solely English order of canons regular, driven to extinction under King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception">Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception</a>, founded in France in 1871</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_St._John_Cantius" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons Regular of St. John Cantius">Canons Regular of St. John Cantius</a>, founded in 1998 by C. Frank Phillips, C.R., and Francis Cardinal George, O.M.I.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King_Sovereign_Priest" title="Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest</a>, which is a Catholic <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Apostolic_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Apostolic Life">Society of Apostolic Life</a> dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Traditional Latin Mass</a>, practice a rule of life generally based on historical secular canons. They refer to their priests as Canons, use the <a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">style</a> <i>The Rev. Canon [Name]</i> and wear distinct <a href="/wiki/Choir_dress" title="Choir dress">choir dress</a>.</li></ul> <p>Many bishops endeavoured to imitate St. Augustine and St. Eusebius, and to live a common life with the clergy of their church. Rules taken from the sacred canons were even drawn up for their use, of which the most celebrated is that of <a href="/wiki/St._Chrodegang" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Chrodegang">St. Chrodegang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Metz" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Metz">Bishop of Metz</a> (766). In the tenth century, this institution declined; the canons, as the clergy attached to a church and living a common life were called, began to live separately; some of them, however, resisted this relaxation of discipline, and even added poverty to their common life. This is the origin of the canons regular. <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XII" title="Pope Benedict XII">Pope Benedict XII</a> by his constitution <i>Ad decorem</i> (15 May 1339) prescribed a general reform of the canons regular. The <a href="/wiki/Canons_regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons regular">canons regular</a> ex professo united Holy Orders with religious life, and being attached to a church, devoted themselves to promoting the dignity of <a href="/wiki/Divinity" title="Divinity">divine</a> <a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">worship</a>. With <a href="/wiki/Monks" class="mw-redirect" title="Monks">monks</a>, Holy Orders are incidental and secondary, and are superadded to the religious life. With canons as with the clerks regular, Holy Orders are the principal thing, and the religious life is superadded to the Holy Orders.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A canon ceremonially receives Cardinal Franc Rodé., C.M."><img alt="A canon ceremonially receives Cardinal Franc Rodé., C.M." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG/152px-ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG" decoding="async" width="152" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG/229px-ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG/305px-ALCAMO_2010_MGR_Rode.JPG 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="569" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A canon ceremonially receives Cardinal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franc_Rod%C3%A9.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franc Rodé. (page does not exist)">Franc Rodé.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Mission" title="Congregation of the Mission">C.M.</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Canons, Bruges, Belgium"><img alt="Canons, Bruges, Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG/160px-Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG/240px-Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG/320px-Sint-Salvatorskapittel_Bruges_Precious_Blood_2008.JPG 2x" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="946" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Canons, <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>, Belgium</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gdańsk, canon cross by Giennadij Jerszow"><img alt="Gdańsk, canon cross by Giennadij Jerszow" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG/150px-Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG/225px-Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG/300px-Dystynktorium_kanonicki_Gennadij_Jerszow.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>, canon cross by <a href="/wiki/Giennadij_Jerszow" title="Giennadij Jerszow">Giennadij Jerszow</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoness" title="Canoness">Canoness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocesan priest">Diocesan priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_religious_honorifics_and_titles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of religious honorifics and titles">Index of religious honorifics and titles</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a 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Retrieved 24 November 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Insignia according to <a href="/wiki/Gammarelli" title="Gammarelli">Gammarelli</a> and Barbiconi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/imgres?q=mozzetta+cappellano+magistrale+malta&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&qscrl=1&rlz=1T4GGNI_enUS500US500&biw=1600&bih=714&tbm=isch&tbnid=ea3AwLiKmXaZkM:&imgrefurl=http://www.iagiforum.info/viewtopic.php%3Ff%3D2%26t%3D4502%26start%3D0&docid=0oy87gNj7oaChM&imgurl=http://www.smomge.org/Brianz.jpg&w=311&h=449&ei=S7qdUMy-B8PX0QHZ0YDACA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=499&vpy=115&dur=7564&hovh=270&hovw=187&tx=94&ty=147&sig=114858509990863049397&page=1&tbnh=146&tbnw=96&start=0&ndsp=38&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:86">"Canon information"</a>. <i>www.smomge.org/Brianz.jpg</i> (Image search result)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vicariate of the Diocese of Rome. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vicariatusurbis.org/?page_id=188&ID=674">the original</a> on 9 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ente+-+Santissimo+Salvatore+e+Santi+Giovanni+Battista+ed+Evangelista+in+Laterano&rft.pub=Vicariate+of+the+Diocese+of+Rome&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vicariatusurbis.org%2F%3Fpage_id%3D188%26ID%3D674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vicariatusurbis.org/?page_id=188&ID=675">"Ente - San Pietro in Vaticano"</a> (in Italian). Vicariate of the Diocese of Rome<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ente+-+San+Paolo+fuori+le+Mura&rft.pub=Vicariate+of+the+Diocese+of+Rome&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vicariatusurbis.org%2F%3Fpage_id%3D188%26ID%3D677&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_HillRussell_SandbergNorman_Doe2011" class="citation book cs1">Mark Hill; Russell Sandberg; Norman Doe (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QjJnyE3miTMC&pg=PA182"><i>Religion and Law in the United Kingdom</i></a>. 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Premier Christian Media Trust. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cathedral+and+university+welcome+new+professors&rft.pub=Premier+Christian+Media+Trust&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.premier.org.uk%2FAcross-the-UK%2FNorth-East-Cumbria%2FCathedral-and-university-welcome-new-professors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chester.ac.uk/departments/trs/staff/graham">"Canon Professor Elaine Graham"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chester_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Chester University">Chester University</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canon+Professor+Elaine+Graham&rft.pub=Chester+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chester.ac.uk%2Fdepartments%2Ftrs%2Fstaff%2Fgraham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kcl.ac.uk/artshums/depts/trs/people/staff/academic/burridge/index.aspx">"The Revd Canon Professor Richard Burridge"</a>. <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Revd+Canon+Professor+Richard+Burridge&rft.pub=King%27s+College+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fartshums%2Fdepts%2Ftrs%2Fpeople%2Fstaff%2Facademic%2Fburridge%2Findex.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/ces/research/wreru/aboutus/staff/lf/">"The Revd Canon Professor Leslie Francis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">University of Warwick</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Revd+Canon+Professor+Leslie+Francis&rft.pub=University+of+Warwick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.warwick.ac.uk%2Ffac%2Fsoc%2Fces%2Fresearch%2Fwreru%2Faboutus%2Fstaff%2Flf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukcm/1995/2/contents#l1g2">"Church of England (Miscellaneous Provisions) Measure 1995 No. 2"</a>. legislation.gov.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Church+of+England+%28Miscellaneous+Provisions%29+Measure+1995+No.+2&rft.pub=legislation.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fukcm%2F1995%2F2%2Fcontents%23l1g2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dur.ac.uk/theology.religion/about/news/?itemno=23733">"Two new Canon Professors appointed"</a>. Durham University. 12 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Two+new+Canon+Professors+appointed&rft.pub=Durham+University&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dur.ac.uk%2Ftheology.religion%2Fabout%2Fnews%2F%3Fitemno%3D23733&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073356/http://scholarshipdb.net/jobs-in-United-Kingdom/Van-Mildert-Canon-Professor-Of-Divinity-Durham-University%3DaWmQucdx5BGULgAlkGUTnw.html">"Van Mildert Canon Professor of Divinity"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarshipdb.net/jobs-in-United-Kingdom/Van-Mildert-Canon-Professor-Of-Divinity-Durham-University=aWmQucdx5BGULgAlkGUTnw.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Van+Mildert+Canon+Professor+of+Divinity&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarshipdb.net%2Fjobs-in-United-Kingdom%2FVan-Mildert-Canon-Professor-Of-Divinity-Durham-University%3DaWmQucdx5BGULgAlkGUTnw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044012/http://scholarshipdb.net/jobs-in-United-Kingdom/Michael-Ramsey-Professor-Of-Anglican-Studies-Durham-University%3DdS_He8dx5BGULgAlkGUTnw.html">"Michael Ramsey Professor of Anglican Studies"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarshipdb.net/jobs-in-United-Kingdom/Michael-Ramsey-Professor-Of-Anglican-Studies-Durham-University=dS_He8dx5BGULgAlkGUTnw.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Michael+Ramsey+Professor+of+Anglican+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarshipdb.net%2Fjobs-in-United-Kingdom%2FMichael-Ramsey-Professor-Of-Anglican-Studies-Durham-University%3DdS_He8dx5BGULgAlkGUTnw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LLsiAQAAIAAJ"><i>The Universities Review, Volumes 13-17</i></a>. 1940. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universities+Review%2C+Volumes+13-17&rft.pages=37&rft.date=1940&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLLsiAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-douglas-jones-517952.html">"The Rev Professor Douglas Jones"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 2 December 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+Rev+Professor+Douglas+Jones&rft.date=2005-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fthe-rev-professor-douglas-jones-517952.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canon_(title)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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Vol. V (9th ed.). 1878. p. 15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Canon+%282.%29&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=15&rft.edition=9th&rft.date=1878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanon+%28title%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080624111723/http://www.cricusa.com/">Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canons-regular.org/">Canons Regular of St. John Cantius, Chicago</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130101194511/http://www.abbeynews.com/Abbey-Home.html/">Canons Regular of Premontre, Orange County, California</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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