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Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koor_(argitektuur)" title="Koor (argitektuur) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koor (argitektuur)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chor_(Architektur)" title="Chor (Architektur) – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chor (Architektur)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A9_(%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="جوقة (عمارة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوقة (عمارة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coro_(arquitectura)" title="Coro (arquitectura) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Coro (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Хор (архітэктура) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хор (архітэктура)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Хор (архітэктура) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хор (архітэктура)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Хор (архитектура) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хор (архитектура)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor_(arquitectura)" title="Cor (arquitectura) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cor (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%B3r_(architektura)" title="Chór (architektura) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chór (architektura)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor_(kirkedel)" title="Kor (kirkedel) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kor (kirkedel)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chor_(Architektur)" title="Chor (Architektur) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chor (Architektur)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooriruum" title="Kooriruum – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kooriruum" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coro_(arquitectura)" title="Coro (arquitectura) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Coro (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A4orejo" title="Ĥorejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĥorejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koru" title="Koru – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Koru" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%93ur_(architecture)" title="Chœur (architecture) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chœur (architecture)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koer_(tsjerke)" title="Koer (tsjerke) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Koer (tsjerke)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3rlann" title="Córlann – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Córlann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coro_(arquitectura)" title="Coro (arquitectura) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Coro (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EC%A7%84" title="내진 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="내진" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD_(%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A5%D6%81%D5%AB)" title="Դաս (եկեղեցի) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաս (եկեղեցի)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crkveni_kor" title="Crkveni kor – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Crkveni kor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koro_(arkitekturo)" title="Koro (arkitekturo) – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Koro (arkitekturo)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panti_paduan_suara" title="Panti paduan suara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Panti paduan suara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coro_(architettura)" title="Coro (architettura) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Coro (architettura)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%94" title="בית המקהלה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית המקהלה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterium_(architectura)" title="Presbyterium (architectura) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Presbyterium (architectura)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chouer_(Kierch)" title="Chouer (Kierch) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chouer (Kierch)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choras_(architekt%C5%ABra)" title="Choras (architektūra) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Choras (architektūra)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3rus_(%C3%A9p%C3%ADt%C3%A9szet)" title="Kórus (építészet) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kórus (építészet)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Хор (архитектура) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хор (архитектура)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priesterkoor" title="Priesterkoor – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Priesterkoor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4" title="クワイヤ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クワイヤ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor_(arkitektur)" title="Kor (arkitektur) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kor (arkitektur)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor_i_arkitekturen" title="Kor i arkitekturen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kor i arkitekturen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalle" title="Stalle – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stalle" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coro_(arquitetura)" title="Coro (arquitetura) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Coro (arquitetura)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor_(arhitectur%C4%83)" title="Cor (arhitectură) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cor (arhitectură)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Хор (архитектура) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хор (архитектура)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%B3r_(priestor_pri_olt%C3%A1ri)" title="Chór (priestor pri oltári) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chór (priestor pri oltári)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor_(arhitektura)" title="Kor (arhitektura) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kor (arhitektura)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor_(arhitektura)" title="Kor (arhitektura) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kor (arhitektura)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuori_(arkkitehtuuri)" title="Kuori (arkkitehtuuri) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuori (arkkitehtuuri)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor" title="Kor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94" title="บริเวณร้องเพลงสวด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บริเวณร้องเพลงสวด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Хор (архітектура) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хор (архітектура)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priesterkoor" title="Priesterkoor – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Priesterkoor" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%B1%E8%A9%A9%E7%8F%AD%E5%BA%A7%E4%BD%8D" title="唱詩班座位 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="唱詩班座位" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Area of a church or cathedral</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Choir_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Choir (disambiguation)">Choir (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Choir.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Choir.png/220px-Choir.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Choir.png/330px-Choir.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Choir.png/440px-Choir.png 2x" data-file-width="1658" data-file-height="875" /></a><figcaption>The placement of the choir within a large Latin cross church</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg/220px-Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg/330px-Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg/440px-Bristol_Cathedral_choir_stalls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>The choir of <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Cathedral" title="Bristol Cathedral">Bristol Cathedral</a>, with the nave seen through the chancel screen, so looking west</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>choir</b>, also sometimes called <b>quire</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the area of a <a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">church</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> that provides seating for the <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">clergy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Church_choir" class="mw-redirect" title="Church choir">church choir</a>. It is in the western part of the <a href="/wiki/Chancel" title="Chancel">chancel</a>, between the <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary#Sanctuary_as_area_around_the_altar" title="Sanctuary">sanctuary</a>, which houses the <a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">altar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">Church tabernacle</a>. In larger medieval churches it contained <b>choir-stalls</b>, seating aligned with the side of the church, so at right-angles to the seating for the congregation in the nave. Smaller medieval churches may not have a choir in the architectural sense at all, and they are often lacking in churches built by all denominations after the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>, though the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic Revival">Gothic Revival</a> revived them as a distinct feature. </p><p>As an architectural term "choir" remains distinct from the actual location of any singing choir – these may be located in various places, and often sing from a choir-loft, often over the door at the liturgical western end.<sup id="cite_ref-Schloeder1998_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schloeder1998-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern churches, the choir may be located centrally behind the altar, or the pulpit.<sup id="cite_ref-White2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The place where the singers are based is sometimes called the <b>ritual choir</b>, as opposed to the <b>architectural choir</b> or <b>constructional choir</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The back-choir or <a href="/wiki/Retroquire" title="Retroquire">retroquire</a> is a space behind the <a href="/wiki/High_altar" class="mw-redirect" title="High altar">high altar</a> in the choir of a church, in which there may be a small altar standing back to back with the other.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choir_(architecture)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coro_catedral.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Coro_catedral.JPG/220px-Coro_catedral.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Coro_catedral.JPG/330px-Coro_catedral.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Coro_catedral.JPG/440px-Coro_catedral.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The Quire in <a href="/wiki/Palencia_Cathedral" title="Palencia Cathedral">Palencia Cathedral</a> in northern Spain, an example of a monastic quire</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Church</a>, the sanctuary was connected directly to the nave. The choir was simply the east part of the nave, and was fenced off by a screen or low railing, called <i>cancelli</i>, which is where the English word <a href="/wiki/Chancel" title="Chancel">chancel</a> comes from. The development of the architectural feature known as the choir is the result of the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">liturgical</a> development brought about by the end of persecutions under <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a> and the rise of <a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">monasticism</a>. The word "choir" is first used by members of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a>. <a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honorius_of_Autun" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorius of Autun">Honorius of Autun</a> write that the term is derived from the "corona", the circle of clergy or singers who surrounded the altar. </p><p>When first introduced, the choir was attached to the <a href="/wiki/Bema#Christianity" title="Bema">bema</a>, the elevated platform in the centre of the nave on which were placed seats for the clergy and a <a href="/wiki/Lectern" title="Lectern">lectern</a> for scripture readings. This arrangement can still be observed at the <a href="/wiki/San_Clemente_al_Laterano" title="San Clemente al Laterano">San Clemente al Laterano</a> in Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, the bema (or <a href="/wiki/Presbytery_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbytery (architecture)">presbytery</a>) and choir moved eastward to their current position. In some churches, such as <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Cathedral" title="Westminster Cathedral">Westminster Cathedral</a>, the choir is arranged in the <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apse</a> behind the <a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">altar</a>. </p><p>The architectural details of the choir developed in response to its function as the place where the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Divine Office</a> was chanted by the monastic brotherhood or the <a href="/wiki/Chapter_house" title="Chapter house">chapter</a> of <a href="/wiki/Canon_(priest)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon (priest)">canons</a>. The chancel was regarded as the clergy's part of the church, and any choirboys from a choir school counted as part of the clergy for this purpose. After the Reformation, when the number of clergy present even in large churches and cathedrals tended to reduce, and lay singing choirs became more frequent, there were often objections to placing them in the traditional choir stalls in the chancel. The <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lectern" title="Lectern">lectern</a> are also usually found at the front of the choir, though both Catholic and Protestant churches have sometimes moved the pulpit to the nave for better audibility. The <a href="/wiki/Organ_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ (instrument)">organ</a> may be located here, or in a loft elsewhere in the church. Some <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedrals</a> have a retro-choir behind the high altar, opening eastward towards the <a href="/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">chapels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chantry" title="Chantry">chantries</a>) in the eastern extremity. </p><p>After the Reformation Protestant churches generally moved the altar (now often called the <a href="/wiki/Communion_table" title="Communion table">communion table</a>) forward, typically to the front of the chancel, and often used lay choirs who were placed in a gallery at the west end. The choir and rear of deep chancels became little used in churches surviving from the Middle Ages, and new churches very often omitted one. With the emphasis on sermons, and their audibility, some churches simply converted their chancels to seat part of the congregation. In 19th-century England one of the battles of the <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Camden_Society" title="Cambridge Camden Society">Cambridge Camden Society</a>, the architectural wing of the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholics</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, was to restore the chancel, including the choir, as a necessary part of a church. By pushing the altar back to its medieval position and having the choir used by a lay choir, they were largely successful in this, although the harder end of the <a href="/wiki/High_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="High Church">High Church</a> objected to allowing a large group of laity into the chancel.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Different approaches to worship in the 20th century again tended to push altars in larger churches forward, to be closer to the congregation, and the chancel again risks being a less used area of the church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seating">Seating</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choir_(architecture)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Seating"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png/220px-Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png/330px-Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png/440px-Stalles.eglise.Anellau.png 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="1035" /></a><figcaption>Illustration showing monk's stalls at Anellau, France, 14th century</figcaption></figure> <p>The choir area is occupied by sometimes finely carved and decorated wooden seats known as <i>choir stalls</i>, where the clergy sit, stand or kneel during services. The choir may be furnished either with long benches (<a href="/wiki/Pew" title="Pew">pews</a>) or individual choir stalls. There may be several rows of seating running parallel to the walls of the church. </p><p>The use of choir stalls (as opposed to benches) is more traditional in <a href="/wiki/Monasteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Monasteries">monasteries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_church" title="Collegiate church">collegiate churches</a>. Monastic choir stalls are often fitted with seats that fold up when the <a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">monastics</a> stand and fold down when they sit. Often the hinged seat will have a <a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">misericord</a> (small wooden seat) on the underside on which he can lean while standing during the long services. The upper part of the monk's stall is so shaped as to provide a headrest while sitting, and arm rests when standing. Monasteries will often have strict rules as to when the monastics may sit and when they must stand during the services. </p><p>Choir benches are more common in <a href="/wiki/Parish_church" title="Parish church">parish churches</a>. Each bench may have padded <a href="/wiki/Kneeler" title="Kneeler">kneelers</a> attached to the back of it so that the person behind may kneel at the appropriate times during services. The front row will often have a long <a href="/wiki/Prie-dieu" title="Prie-dieu">prie-dieu</a> running in front of it for the choir members to place their books on, and which may also be fitted with kneelers. </p><p>In a cathedral, the bishop's throne or <i><a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a></i> is usually located in this space.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choir_(architecture)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Choir stalls at Boston Stump, Lincolnshire. A seat has been lifted to reveal the misericord."><img alt="Choir stalls at Boston Stump, Lincolnshire. A seat has been lifted to reveal the misericord." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG/180px-Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG/270px-Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG/360px-Boston_Stump_misericord_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2274" data-file-height="1674" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Choir stalls at <a href="/wiki/Boston_Stump" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Stump">Boston Stump</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a>. A seat has been lifted to reveal the <a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">misericord</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elaborately carved choir stalls at Buxheim Charterhouse in Bavaria, by Ignaz Waibl"><img alt="Elaborately carved choir stalls at Buxheim Charterhouse in Bavaria, by Ignaz Waibl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg/180px-Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg/270px-Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg/360px-Klosterbuxheim_chorgestuehl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Elaborately carved choir stalls at <a href="/wiki/Buxheim_Charterhouse" title="Buxheim Charterhouse">Buxheim Charterhouse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Waibl" title="Ignaz Waibl">Ignaz Waibl</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prodromou2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eastern Orthodox choir stalls (kathisma) on the kliros (area for the choir) with analogia (lecterns) for liturgical books"><img alt="Eastern Orthodox choir stalls (kathisma) on the kliros (area for the choir) with analogia (lecterns) for liturgical books" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Prodromou2.jpg/180px-Prodromou2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Prodromou2.jpg/270px-Prodromou2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Prodromou2.jpg/360px-Prodromou2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> choir stalls (<a href="/wiki/Kathisma" title="Kathisma">kathisma</a>) on the <a href="/wiki/Kliros" title="Kliros">kliros</a> (area for the choir) with <a href="/wiki/Analogion" title="Analogion">analogia</a> (lecterns) for liturgical books</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Statuette of a wet nurse forming part of a parclose screen in the Basilica of Saint Maternus, Walcourt, Belgium"><img alt="Statuette of a wet nurse forming part of a parclose screen in the Basilica of Saint Maternus, Walcourt, Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG/180px-Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG/270px-Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG/360px-Walcourt_-_Parclose_-_Satire_d%27une_nourice.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statuette of a <a href="/wiki/Wet_nurse" title="Wet nurse">wet nurse</a> forming part of a <a href="/wiki/Parclose_screen" title="Parclose screen">parclose screen</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Maternus" title="Basilica of Saint Maternus">Basilica of Saint Maternus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walcourt" title="Walcourt">Walcourt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Choir bench made of limestone with still-visible traces of medieval paint, Burs Church, Gotland, Sweden"><img alt="Choir bench made of limestone with still-visible traces of medieval paint, Burs Church, Gotland, Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg/93px-Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg/140px-Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg/186px-Banco_do_coro_da_igrexa_de_Burs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="5100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Choir bench made of <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> with still-visible traces of medieval paint, <a href="/wiki/Burs_Church" title="Burs Church">Burs Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gotland" title="Gotland">Gotland</a>, Sweden</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:0_Venise,_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Choir bench of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice"><img alt="Choir bench of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/0_Venise%2C_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG/180px-0_Venise%2C_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/0_Venise%2C_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG/270px-0_Venise%2C_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/0_Venise%2C_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG/360px-0_Venise%2C_stalles_de_la_basilique_Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Choir bench of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Gloriosa_dei_Frari" title="Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari">Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_(Rosemont,_Pennsylvania).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Choir stalls at the Church of the Good Shepherd (Rosemont, Pennsylvania)"><img alt="Choir stalls at the Church of the Good Shepherd (Rosemont, Pennsylvania)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_%28Rosemont%2C_Pennsylvania%29.jpg/105px-Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_%28Rosemont%2C_Pennsylvania%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_%28Rosemont%2C_Pennsylvania%29.jpg/157px-Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_%28Rosemont%2C_Pennsylvania%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_%28Rosemont%2C_Pennsylvania%29.jpg/210px-Choir_stalls_at_Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_%28Rosemont%2C_Pennsylvania%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Choir stalls at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Good_Shepherd_(Rosemont,_Pennsylvania)" title="Church of the Good Shepherd (Rosemont, Pennsylvania)">Church of the Good Shepherd (Rosemont, Pennsylvania)</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="17th-century choir stalls of the Pontigny Abbey, France"><img alt="17th-century choir stalls of the Pontigny Abbey, France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg/180px-Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg/270px-Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg/360px-Pontigny_FR21_abbaye_IMF4013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">17th-century choir stalls of the <a href="/wiki/Pontigny_Abbey" title="Pontigny Abbey">Pontigny Abbey</a>, France</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choir_(architecture)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choir_(architecture)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/OED" class="mw-redirect" title="OED">OED</a>, "Choir"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schloeder1998-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schloeder1998_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchloeder1998" class="citation book cs1">Schloeder, Steven J. (1998). <i>Architecture in Communion: Implementing the Second Vatican Council Through Liturgy and Architecture</i>. Ignatius Press. p. 137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780898706314" title="Special:BookSources/9780898706314"><bdi>9780898706314</bdi></a>. <q>In monasteries, when the choir of <i>schola cantorum</i> was composed of religious, it was usually within the <i>cancelli</i> in front of the sanctuary. The liturgical movement of the Baroque age removed it to a choir loft at the back of the church, thus enabling the sanctuary to be more integrated with the nave.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architecture+in+Communion%3A+Implementing+the+Second+Vatican+Council+Through+Liturgy+and+Architecture&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780898706314&rft.aulast=Schloeder&rft.aufirst=Steven+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-White2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-White2007_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2007" class="citation book cs1">White, James F. (1 December 2007). <i>Christian Worship in North America: A Retrospective, 1955–1995</i>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 243. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781556356513" title="Special:BookSources/9781556356513"><bdi>9781556356513</bdi></a>. <q>One of the two dominant types is the concert-stage arrangement with tiers of choir stalls behind a pulpit platform at the foot of which appears the altar-table. The other type is the so-called divided chancel with the choir stalls and altar-table within the chancel and the pulpit at one side of its entrance. In both cases the liturgical space allotted to the congregation tends to be similar: a long, rectangular nave.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+Worship+in+North+America%3A+A+Retrospective%2C+1955%E2%80%931995&rft.pages=243&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft.isbn=9781556356513&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=James+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblicalcyclopedia.com/R/ritual-choir.html">"Ritual Choir from the McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia"</a>. <i>McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=McClintock+and+Strong+Biblical+Cyclopedia+Online&rft.atitle=Ritual+Choir+from+the+McClintock+and+Strong+Biblical+Cyclopedia.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblicalcyclopedia.com%2FR%2Fritual-choir.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Back-Choir" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Back-Choir">Back-Choir</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Back-Choir&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Poole, Thomas Henry (1908). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Choir_(1)" class="extiw" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Choir (1)">Choir (1)</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Choir+%281%29&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Poole&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Choir" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Choir">Choir</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 260–261.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Choir&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=260-261&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">White, James F., <i>The Cambridge Movement: The Ecclesiologists and the Gothic Revival</i>, 93–97, 1962 (2004 reprint), Wipf and Stock Publishers, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1592449379" title="Special:BookSources/1592449379">1592449379</a>, 9781592449378, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zDhLAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA94">google books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGietmann1912" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gietmann, Gerhard (1912). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Stallsr"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Stallsr">"Stallsr" </a></span>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Stallsr&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Gietmann&rft.aufirst=Gerhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choir_(architecture)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Choirs_(architecture)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Choirs (architecture)">Choirs (architecture)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Texts on Wikisource: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Choir" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Choir">Choir</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 260–261.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Choir&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=260-261&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Poole, Thomas Henry (1908). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Choir_(1)" class="extiw" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Choir (1)">Choir (1)</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Choir+%281%29&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Poole&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChoir+%28architecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120408124248/http://cathedral.southwark.anglican.org/visit/virtual-tour">Choir and Retro-Choir</a> at <a href="/wiki/Southwark_Cathedral" title="Southwark Cathedral">Southwark Cathedral</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207707#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4069980-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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