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Births subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1640</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 158 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-158" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">158 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1640 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1640 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1640 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1640 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B4%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۴۰ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۶۴۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A6" title="১৬৪০ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৬৪০" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_n%C3%AE" title="1640 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1640 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640." title="1640. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1640." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1640 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1640 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B4%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۴۰ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۶۴۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%E5%B9%B4" title="1640年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1640年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%EB%85%84" title="1640년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1640년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6" title="१६४० – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१६४०" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640." title="1640. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1640." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A6" title="মারি ১৬৪০ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৬৪০" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1640-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1640-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AC%E0%B3%AA%E0%B3%A6" title="೧೬೪೦ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೬೪೦" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1640 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1640 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1640 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1640 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1640 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1640 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B8" title="1640 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1640 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640._gads" title="1640. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1640. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1640 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1640 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_m." title="1640 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1640 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6" title="१६४० – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१६४०" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6" title="इ.स. १६४० – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १६४०" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B4%DB%B0" title="۱۶۴۰ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۶۴۰" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1640 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1640 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="1640 он – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="1640 он" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%86%E1%81%84%E1%81%80" title="၁၆၄၀ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၆၄၀" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6" title="सन् १६४० – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १६४०" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%E5%B9%B4" title="1640年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1640年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1640 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1640 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%AA%E0%AD%A6" title="୧୬୪୦ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୬୪୦" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6" title="१६४० – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१६४०" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1640" title="Joohr 1640 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1640" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1640 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1640 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6" title="१६४० – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१६४०" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%D8%B9" title="1640ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1640ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A6%D9%A4%D9%A0" title="١٦٤٠ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٦٤٠" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1640 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1640 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2183" title="พ.ศ. 2183 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2183" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1640" title="Соли 1640 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1640" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%D8%A1" title="1640ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1640ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%E5%B9%B4" title="1640年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1640年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%E5%B9%B4" title="1640年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1640年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640%E5%B9%B4" title="1640年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1640年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640" title="1640 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1640" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6901#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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<tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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(";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1620s" title="1620s">1620s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1630s" title="1630s">1630s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1640s" title="1640s">1640s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1650s" title="1650s">1650s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1660s" title="1660s">1660s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1637" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1637">1637</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1638" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1638">1638</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1639" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1639">1639</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1640" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1640">1640</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1641" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1641">1641</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1642" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1642">1642</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1643" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1643">1643</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg/300px-Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg/450px-Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg/600px-Passage_of_Newburn_Ford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1755" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/August_28" title="August 28">August 28</a>: The Scottish Covenanters defeat the English Army in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Newburn" title="Battle of Newburn">Battle of Newburn</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1640" title="Category:1640">1640 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1640s_in_architecture" title="1640s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1640_in_art" title="1640 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1640_in_literature" title="1640 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1640_in_music" title="1640 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1640_in_science" title="1640 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1640" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1640">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_17th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 17th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_17th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 17th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1640_births" title="Category:1640 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1640_deaths" title="Category:1640 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1640_establishments" title="Category:1640 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1640_disestablishments" title="Category:1640 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1640_works" title="Category:1640 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1640 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1640<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCXL</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2393</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1089<br />ԹՎ ՌՁԹ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6390</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1561–1562</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1047</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2590</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>15 <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Cha. 1</a> – 16 <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Cha. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2184</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1002</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7148–7149</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">己卯</a>年 (Earth <a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />4337 or 4130<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />庚辰年 (Metal <a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />4338 or 4131</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1356–1357</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2806</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1632–1633</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5400–5401</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1696–1697</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1561–1562</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4740–4741</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11640</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>640–641</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1018–1019</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1049–1050</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kan%27ei" title="Kan'ei">Kan'ei</a> 17<br />(寛永１７年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1561–1562</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 10 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3973</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>272 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前272年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>172</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2182–2183</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴土兔年<br />(female Earth-<a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />1766 or 1385 or 613<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳金龙年<br />(male Iron-<a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />1767 or 1386 or 614</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>1640</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCXL</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Sunday" title="Leap year starting on Sunday">leap year starting on Sunday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Wednesday" title="Leap year starting on Wednesday">leap year starting on Wednesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1640th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 640th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 40th year of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>, and the 1st year of the <a href="/wiki/1640s" title="1640s">1640s</a> decade. As of the start of 1640, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Salses" title="Siege of Salses">Siege of Salses</a> ends almost six months after it had started on June 9, 1639, with the French defenders surrendering to the Spanish attackers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">January 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Action_of_12%E2%80%9317_January_1640" title="Action of 12–17 January 1640">A naval battle over control of what is now Brazil</a>, between ships of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a> and those of the Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, ends after five days of fighting with the Dutch driving the Portuguese away from the port of <a href="/wiki/Recife" title="Recife">Recife</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire">Ibrahim I</a> (1640–<a href="/wiki/1648" title="1648">1648</a>) succeeds <a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a> (<a href="/wiki/1623" title="1623">1623</a>–1640) as <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Emperor">Sultan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a>–<a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Galle_(1640)" title="Siege of Galle (1640)">Siege of Galle</a>: Dutch troops take the strategic fortress at <a href="/wiki/Galle" title="Galle">Galle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> from the Portuguese.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_13" title="April 13">April 13</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Short_Parliament" title="Short Parliament">Short Parliament</a> assembles, as King <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I of England</a> attempts to fund the second of the <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Wars" title="Bishops' Wars">Bishops' Wars</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – The Short Parliament is dissolved.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_11" title="May 11">May 11</a>/<a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">12</a> Following the Short Parliament's dissolution, an angry and armed mob <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Lambeth_Palace,_1640" title="Attack on Lambeth Palace, 1640">attacked Lambeth Palace</a> in the hope of killing the unpopular Archbishop, <a href="/wiki/William_Laud" title="William Laud">William Laud</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_22" title="May 22">May 22</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Reapers%27_War" title="Reapers' War">Catalan Revolt</a> (<i>Guerra dels Segadors</i>) breaks out in <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_7" title="June 7">June 7</a> – Catalan rebels assassinate <a href="/wiki/Dalmau_de_Queralt,_Count_of_Santa_Coloma" title="Dalmau de Queralt, Count of Santa Coloma">Dalmau de Queralt, Count of Santa Coloma</a>, beginning the three-day <a href="/wiki/Corpus_de_Sang" title="Corpus de Sang">Corpus de Sang</a> riots.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">June 13</a> – The eruption of the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Koma-ga-take" title="Hokkaido Koma-ga-take">Mount Komagatake</a> volcano takes place in Japan. Although the eruption causes few direct injuries, the heavy ashfall poisons local crops and causes the <a href="/wiki/Kan%27ei_Great_Famine" title="Kan'ei Great Famine">Kan'ei Great Famine</a> that causes more than 50,000 deaths from starvation.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Punch_(slave)" title="John Punch (slave)">John Punch</a>, a servant of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_planter" title="Ancient planter">Virginia planter</a> <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gwyn" title="Hugh Gwyn">Hugh Gwyn</a>, is sentenced to a life of servitude after attempting to escape, making him the "first official slave in the English colonies" <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> – The first university of Finland, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Turku" title="Royal Academy of Turku">Royal Academy of Turku</a>, is inaugurated in <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – Forty-one Spanish delegates to Japan at <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> are beheaded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">August 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Wars#Second_Bishops'_War_(1640)" title="Bishops' Wars">Second Bishops' War</a>: A Scottish <a href="/wiki/Covenanter" class="mw-redirect" title="Covenanter">Covenanter</a> army invades <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a> in England.<sup id="cite_ref-British_Civil_Wars_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_Civil_Wars-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_28" title="August 28">August 28</a> – Second Bishops' War – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Newburn" title="Battle of Newburn">Battle of Newburn</a>: The Scottish Covenanter army led by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Leslie" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Leslie">Alexander Leslie</a> defeats the English army near <a href="/wiki/Newburn" title="Newburn">Newburn</a> in England.<sup id="cite_ref-British_Civil_Wars_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_Civil_Wars-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – Portuguese missionary <a href="/wiki/Sebastien_Manrique" title="Sebastien Manrique">Sebastien Manrique</a> reaches <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a> and stays for 27 days, leaving on October 4.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Turin_(1640)" title="Siege of Turin (1640)">Siege of Turin</a> ends in Italy after almost four months with a victory by French and Piedmontese after having started on May 22, and the city is recaptured from Spain.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_26" title="October 26">October 26</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ripon" title="Treaty of Ripon">Treaty of Ripon</a> is signed, restoring peace between the Scottish Covenanters and <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-British_Civil_Wars_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_Civil_Wars-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – The English <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a> is summoned;<sup id="cite_ref-British_Civil_Wars_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_Civil_Wars-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it will not be dissolved for 20 years.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> <ul><li>The end of the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Iberian Union</a> of Spain and Portugal begins, as a revolution organized by the nobility and bourgeoisie causes <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">John IV of Portugal</a> to be acclaimed as king, thus ending 60 years of <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> of the crowns of Portugal and Spain, and the rule of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> (also called the Philippine Dynasty). The Spanish Habsburgs do not recognize Portugal's new dynasty, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Braganza" title="House of Braganza">House of Braganza</a>, until the end of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Restoration_War" title="Portuguese Restoration War">Portuguese Restoration War</a> in <a href="/wiki/1668" title="1668">1668</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" title="Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg">Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg</a> begins to rule.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The first book to be printed in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> (the <i><a href="/wiki/Bay_Psalm_Book" title="Bay Psalm Book">Bay Psalm Book</a></i>) is published.</li> <li>The first known European <a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">coffeehouse</a> opens in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippe_de_La_Hire_(1640-1719).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Philippe_de_La_Hire_%281640-1719%29.jpg/110px-Philippe_de_La_Hire_%281640-1719%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Philippe_de_La_Hire_%281640-1719%29.jpg/165px-Philippe_de_La_Hire_%281640-1719%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Philippe_de_La_Hire_%281640-1719%29.jpg/220px-Philippe_de_La_Hire_%281640-1719%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="237" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_La_Hire" title="Philippe de La Hire">Philippe de La Hire</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BernardLamy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BernardLamy.jpg/110px-BernardLamy.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BernardLamy.jpg/165px-BernardLamy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BernardLamy.jpg/220px-BernardLamy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="997" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lamy" title="Bernard Lamy">Bernard Lamy</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Slingelandt,_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Slingelandt%2C_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg/110px-Slingelandt%2C_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Slingelandt%2C_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg/165px-Slingelandt%2C_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Slingelandt%2C_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg/220px-Slingelandt%2C_Pieter_Cornelis_van_-_himself_-_17th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pieter_Cornelisz_van_Slingelandt" title="Pieter Cornelisz van Slingelandt">Pieter Cornelisz van Slingelandt</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Hooper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/George_Hooper.jpg/110px-George_Hooper.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/George_Hooper.jpg/165px-George_Hooper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/George_Hooper.jpg/220px-George_Hooper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Hooper_(bishop)" title="George Hooper (bishop)">George Hooper</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_2"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">January 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Lorenzani" title="Paolo Lorenzani">Paolo Lorenzani</a>, Italian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1713" title="1713">1713</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">January 8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Canaves" title="Joaquín Canaves">Joaquín Canaves</a>, Spanish Catholic bishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1721" title="1721">1721</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Dorothea_of_Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg" title="Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg">Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg</a>, German princess (d. <a href="/wiki/1709" title="1709">1709</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">January 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Benoist" title="Élie Benoist">Élie Benoist</a>, French Protestant minister (d. <a href="/wiki/1728" title="1728">1728</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_11" title="January 11">January 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Burdett,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Burdett, 3rd Baronet">Sir Robert Burdett, 3rd Baronet</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">January 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Singletary_Dunham" title="Jonathan Singletary Dunham">Jonathan Singletary Dunham</a>, prominent early American settler of Woodbridge Township (d. <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philipp_von_H%C3%B6rnigk" title="Philipp von Hörnigk">Philipp von Hörnigk</a>, German economist (d. <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">January 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish,_1st_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire">William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire</a>, English soldier and statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">January 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Willard" title="Samuel Willard">Samuel Willard</a>, American theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_6" title="February 6">February 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Campion_(1640%E2%80%931702)" title="William Campion (1640–1702)">William Campion</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edgcumbe_(1640%E2%80%931688)" title="Richard Edgcumbe (1640–1688)">Richard Edgcumbe</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1688" title="1688">1688</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Countess_Palatine_Anna_Magdalena_of_Birkenfeld-Bischweiler" title="Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler">Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler</a>, Countess of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Morel_de_La_Durantaye" title="Olivier Morel de La Durantaye">Olivier Morel de La Durantaye</a>, French military officer (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_20" title="February 20">February 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_II_Mignard" title="Pierre II Mignard">Pierre II Mignard</a>, French architect and painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Ren%C3%A9_d%27Hozier" title="Charles-René d'Hozier">Charles-René d'Hozier</a>, French historical commentator (d. <a href="/wiki/1732" title="1732">1732</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michiel_ten_Hove" title="Michiel ten Hove">Michiel ten Hove</a>, interim Grand Pensionary of Holland (1688, 1689) (d. <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_29" title="February 29">February 29</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Charlotte,_Countess_of_Holzappel" title="Elisabeth Charlotte, Countess of Holzappel">Elisabeth Charlotte, Countess of Holzappel</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Keach" title="Benjamin Keach">Benjamin Keach</a>, English Particular Baptist preacher (d. <a href="/wiki/1704" title="1704">1704</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">March 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_Barbarigo" title="Marcantonio Barbarigo">Marcantonio Barbarigo</a>, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1706" title="1706">1706</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">March 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Theresa_van_Thielen" title="Maria Theresa van Thielen">Maria Theresa van Thielen</a>, Flemish Baroque painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1706" title="1706">1706</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_9" title="March 9">March 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_d%27Agar" title="Jacques d'Agar">Jacques d'Agar</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_La_Hire" title="Philippe de La Hire">Philippe de La Hire</a>, French mathematician and astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_2"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_2"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">April 1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sigismund_Casimir" title="Sigismund Casimir">Sigismund Casimir</a>, Crown Prince of Poland (d. <a href="/wiki/1647" title="1647">1647</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Mohr" title="Georg Mohr">Georg Mohr</a>, Danish mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1697" title="1697">1697</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_Sanz" title="Gaspar Sanz">Gaspar Sanz</a>, Spanish composer, musician, priest (d. <a href="/wiki/1710" title="1710">1710</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_6" title="April 6">April 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lloyd_(lieutenant_governor)" title="Thomas Lloyd (lieutenant governor)">Thomas Lloyd</a>, Quaker preacher of provincial Pennsylvania (d. <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludmilla_Elisabeth_of_Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt" title="Ludmilla Elisabeth of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt">Ludmilla Elisabeth of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt</a>, German Countess and hymn poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Chauvin" title="Étienne Chauvin">Étienne Chauvin</a>, French Protestant divine (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_22" title="April 22">April 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Alcoforado" title="Mariana Alcoforado">Mariana Alcoforado</a>, Portuguese nun (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">April 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_William_Romer" title="Wolfgang William Romer">Wolfgang William Romer</a>, Dutch military engineer (d. <a href="/wiki/1713" title="1713">1713</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_26" title="April 26">April 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Count_of_Nassau-Weilburg" title="Frederick, Count of Nassau-Weilburg">Frederick, Count of Nassau-Weilburg</a>, ruling Count of Nassau-Weilburg (1655-1675) (d. <a href="/wiki/1675" title="1675">1675</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_30" title="April 30">April 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Letourneux" title="Nicolas Letourneux">Nicolas Letourneux</a>, French preacher, ascetical writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1686" title="1686">1686</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">May 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Korybut_Wi%C5%9Bniowiecki" title="Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki">Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki</a>, King of Poland (d. <a href="/wiki/1673" title="1673">1673</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pu_Songling" title="Pu Songling">Pu Songling</a>, Qing Dynasty Chinese writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor">Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1705" title="1705">1705</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lamy" title="Bernard Lamy">Bernard Lamy</a>, French Oratorian mathematician and theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_16" title="June 16">June 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ozanam" title="Jacques Ozanam">Jacques Ozanam</a>, French mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington_(died_1660)" title="Thomas Widdrington (died 1660)">Thomas Widdrington</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Mignon" title="Abraham Mignon">Abraham Mignon</a>, Dutch golden age painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stanhope,_Countess_of_Chesterfield" title="Elizabeth Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield">Elizabeth Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield</a>, second wife of Philip Stanhope (d. <a href="/wiki/1665" title="1665">1665</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_2"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_8" title="July 8">July 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester">Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester</a>, son of Charles I (d. <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Bohn" title="Johannes Bohn">Johannes Bohn</a>, German physician (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2" title="August 2">August 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Audran" title="Gérard Audran">Gérard Audran</a>, French engraver (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amalia_Catharina" class="mw-redirect" title="Amalia Catharina">Amalia Catharina</a>, German poet and musician (d. <a href="/wiki/1697" title="1697">1697</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Jacob_Sch%C3%BCtz" title="Johann Jacob Schütz">Johann Jacob Schütz</a>, German lawyer (d. <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">September 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_de_Gonnelieu" title="Jérôme de Gonnelieu">Jérôme de Gonnelieu</a>, French Jesuit theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">September 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philippe_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philippe I, Duke of Orléans">Philippe I, Duke of Orléans</a>, younger son of Louis XIII of France and his wife (d. <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Date_Tsunamune" title="Date Tsunamune">Date Tsunamune</a>, Japanese daimyō of Sendai han (d. <a href="/wiki/1711" title="1711">1711</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">September 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Coysevox" title="Antoine Coysevox">Antoine Coysevox</a>, French sculptor (d. <a href="/wiki/1720" title="1720">1720</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_2"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_2"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_11" title="October 11">October 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Henry,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Kaiserslautern" title="Louis Henry, Count Palatine of Simmern-Kaiserslautern">Louis Henry, Count Palatine of Simmern-Kaiserslautern</a>, German noble (d. <a href="/wiki/1674" title="1674">1674</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_12" title="October 12">October 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Roger_Twisden,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Roger Twisden, 2nd Baronet">Sir Roger Twisden, 2nd Baronet</a> of England (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">October 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_(1640%E2%80%931670)" title="William Stanley (1640–1670)">William Stanley</a>, English Member of Parliament (d. <a href="/wiki/1670" title="1670">1670</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">October 20</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Edelinck" title="Gérard Edelinck">Gérard Edelinck</a>, Flemish engraver (d. <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_Cornelisz_van_Slingelandt" title="Pieter Cornelisz van Slingelandt">Pieter Cornelisz van Slingelandt</a>, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Pepys" title="Elisabeth Pepys">Elisabeth Pepys</a>, English wife of Samuel Pepys (d. <a href="/wiki/1669" title="1669">1669</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_25" title="October 25">October 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Ludwig_Hannemann" title="Johann Ludwig Hannemann">Johann Ludwig Hannemann</a>, German chemist (d. <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">October 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Streynsham_Master" title="Streynsham Master">Streynsham Master</a>, English colonial administrator (d. <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Benavides" title="Francisco de Benavides">Francisco de Benavides</a>, Spanish viceroy (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Mannelli" title="Carlo Mannelli">Carlo Mannelli</a>, Italian violinist, castrato and composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1697" title="1697">1697</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Verney,_1st_Viscount_Fermanagh" title="John Verney, 1st Viscount Fermanagh">John Verney, 1st Viscount Fermanagh</a>, British politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1717" title="1717">1717</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Corwin" title="Jonathan Corwin">Jonathan Corwin</a>, American judge of the Salem witch trials (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_15" title="November 15">November 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Adam_Strungk" title="Nicolaus Adam Strungk">Nicolaus Adam Strungk</a>, German composer and violinist (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_18" title="November 18">November 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Hooper_(bishop)" title="George Hooper (bishop)">George Hooper</a>, Bishop of St Asaph<br />Bishop of Bath and Wells (d. <a href="/wiki/1727" title="1727">1727</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">November 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Domingo_de_Zu%C3%B1iga_y_Fonseca" title="Juan Domingo de Zuñiga y Fonseca">Juan Domingo de Zuñiga y Fonseca</a>, Spanish Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Palmer,_1st_Duchess_of_Cleveland" title="Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland">Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1709" title="1709">1709</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ercole_Antonio_Mattioli" title="Ercole Antonio Mattioli">Ercole Antonio Mattioli</a>, Italian politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Fleury" title="Claude Fleury">Claude Fleury</a>, French ecclesiastical historian (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Plot" title="Robert Plot">Robert Plot</a>, English naturalist (d. <a href="/wiki/1696" title="1696">1696</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">December 14</a> (probable date) – <a href="/wiki/Aphra_Behn" title="Aphra Behn">Aphra Behn</a>, English author (d. <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cureau_de_La_Chambre" title="Pierre Cureau de La Chambre">Pierre Cureau de La Chambre</a>, French churchman (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Inaba_Masamichi" title="Inaba Masamichi">Inaba Masamichi</a>, Japanese daimyō (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Julius_Micrander" title="Julius Micrander">Julius Micrander</a>, Swedish theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_29" title="December 29">December 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Feilding,_3rd_Earl_of_Denbigh" title="William Feilding, 3rd Earl of Denbigh">William Feilding, 3rd Earl of Denbigh</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1685" title="1685">1685</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_2">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_de_la_Sabli%C3%A8re" title="Marguerite de la Sablière">Marguerite de la Sablière</a>, French salonist and polymath (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Monvoisin" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine Monvoisin">Catherine Monvoisin</a>, French fortune teller and poisoner (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philip_Massinger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Philip_Massinger.jpg/110px-Philip_Massinger.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Philip_Massinger.jpg/165px-Philip_Massinger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Philip_Massinger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Philip_Massinger" title="Philip Massinger">Philip Massinger</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/110px-Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/165px-Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Portrait_of_the_Artist_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3786" data-file-height="5281" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Baur" title="Johann Wilhelm Baur">Johann Wilhelm Baur</a>, German artist (b. <a href="/wiki/1607" title="1607">1607</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coventry,_1st_Baron_Coventry" title="Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry">Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry</a>, English lawyer and judge (b. <a href="/wiki/1578" title="1578">1578</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">January 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burton_(scholar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Burton (scholar)">Robert Burton</a>, English scholar (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jind%C5%99ich_Maty%C3%A1%C5%A1_Thurn" title="Jindřich Matyáš Thurn">Jindřich Matyáš Thurn</a>, Swedish general (b. <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_de_Lestonnac" title="Jeanne de Lestonnac">Jeanne de Lestonnac</a>, French saint (b. <a href="/wiki/1556" title="1556">1556</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Manasses_de_Pas,_Marquis_de_Feuquieres" title="Isaac Manasses de Pas, Marquis de Feuquieres">Isaac Manasses de Pas, Marquis de Feuquieres</a>, French soldier (b. <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_Massinger" title="Philip Massinger">Philip Massinger</a>, English dramatist (b. <a href="/wiki/1583" title="1583">1583</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">March 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Reyniersz_Pauw" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Reyniersz Pauw">Michael Reyniersz Pauw</a>, Dutch businessman (b. <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>)</li> <li>April – <a href="/wiki/Uriel_da_Costa" title="Uriel da Costa">Uriel da Costa</a>, Portuguese philosopher (suicide) (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2" title="April 2">April 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Fleming_(poet)" title="Paul Fleming (poet)">Paul Fleming</a>, German physician and poet (b. <a href="/wiki/1609" title="1609">1609</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">April 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Petrus_Kirstenius" title="Petrus Kirstenius">Petrus Kirstenius</a>, German physician and orientalist (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Kettler" title="Wilhelm Kettler">Wilhelm Kettler</a>, Duke of Courland (b. <a href="/wiki/1574" title="1574">1574</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Agostino_Agazzari" title="Agostino Agazzari">Agostino Agazzari</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1578" title="1578">1578</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Countess_Charlotte_Flandrina_of_Nassau" title="Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau">Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_29" title="May 29">May 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elisabet_Juliana_Ban%C3%A9r" title="Elisabet Juliana Banér">Elisabet Juliana Banér</a>, Swedish noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a>, Flemish painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">May 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Zeynab_Begum" title="Zeynab Begum">Zeynab Begum</a>, Safavid princess (date of birth unknown)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Howard,_2nd_Earl_of_Suffolk" title="Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk">Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1584" title="1584">1584</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_13" title="July 13">July 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Casimir_I_of_Nassau-Dietz" title="Henry Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz">Henry Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz</a>, Stadtholder of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe (b. <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fabio_Colonna" title="Fabio Colonna">Fabio Colonna</a>, Italian scientist (b. <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hamilton,_2nd_Earl_of_Haddington" title="Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington">Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington</a>, Scottish noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">September 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Abdy_(1579%E2%80%931640)" title="Anthony Abdy (1579–1640)">Anthony Abdy</a>, English merchant (b. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philippe-Charles,_3rd_Count_of_Arenberg" title="Philippe-Charles, 3rd Count of Arenberg">Philippe-Charles, 3rd Count of Arenberg</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_30" title="September 30">September 30</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Guise" title="Charles, Duke of Guise">Charles, Duke of Guise</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1571" title="1571">1571</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacopo_da_Empoli" title="Jacopo da Empoli">Jacopo da Empoli</a>, Italian painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1551" title="1551">1551</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1" title="October 1">October 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Achillini" title="Claudio Achillini">Claudio Achillini</a>, Italian philosopher, theologian, mathematician, poet, jurist (b. <a href="/wiki/1574" title="1574">1574</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_6" title="October 6">October 6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolrad_IV,_Count_of_Waldeck-Eisenberg" title="Wolrad IV, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg">Wolrad IV, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1588" title="1588">1588</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Ulrik_Gyldenl%C3%B8ve" title="Christian Ulrik Gyldenløve">Christian Ulrik Gyldenløve</a>, Danish diplomat and military officer (b. <a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_7" title="October 7">October 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lord_William_Howard" title="Lord William Howard">Lord William Howard</a>, English nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1563" title="1563">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_19" title="October 19">October 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aubert_Miraeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubert Miraeus">Aubert Miraeus</a>, Belgian historian (b. <a href="/wiki/1573" title="1573">1573</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">October 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Ball_(Puritan)" title="John Ball (Puritan)">John Ball</a>, English Puritan clergyman (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_England_(1637%E2%80%931640)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne of England (1637–1640)">Anne of England</a>, daughter of King Charles I (b. <a href="/wiki/1637" title="1637">1637</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">November 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82" title="Krzysztof Radziwiłł">Krzysztof Radziwiłł</a>, Polish nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">November 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mario_Minniti" title="Mario Minniti">Mario Minniti</a>, Italian artist (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Gustafsson_Oxenstierna" title="Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna">Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna</a>, Swedish statesman (b. <a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_van_den_Broecke" title="Pieter van den Broecke">Pieter van den Broecke</a>, Dutch merchant (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" title="George William, Elector of Brandenburg">George William, Elector of Brandenburg</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1595" title="1595">1595</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Vasconcelos" title="Miguel de Vasconcelos">Miguel de Vasconcelos</a>, Portuguese prime minister (b. <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">December 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wandesford" title="Christopher Wandesford">Christopher Wandesford</a>, English administrator and politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1592" title="1592">1592</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">December 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Willem_Baudartius" title="Willem Baudartius">Willem Baudartius</a>, Dutch theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1565" title="1565">1565</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Bullion" title="Claude de Bullion">Claude de Bullion</a>, French Minister of Finance (b. <a href="/wiki/1569" title="1569">1569</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_30" title="December 30">December 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Francis_Regis" title="John Francis Regis">John Francis Regis</a>, French saint (b. <a href="/wiki/1597" title="1597">1597</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Christopher,_Count_of_Rietberg" title="Ernest Christopher, Count of Rietberg">Ernest Christopher, Count of Rietberg</a> (1625–1640) (b. <a href="/wiki/1606" title="1606">1606</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombogor_(Evenk_chief)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombogor (Evenk chief)">Bombogor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evenks" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenks">Evenk</a> chief</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriana_Basile" title="Adriana Basile">Adriana Basile</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1580" title="1580">1580</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1640&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Cambridge History of India</i>. Cambridge University Press. 1963. p. 44.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+India&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1640" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoates2003" class="citation journal cs1">Coates (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.pdx.edu/~ingham/syllabi/Perspectives/LawHistRacism.pdf">"Law and the Cultural Production of Race and Racialized Systems of Oppression"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Behavioral_Scientist" title="American Behavioral Scientist">American Behavioral Scientist</a></i>. <b>47</b> (3): 329–351. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0002764203256190">10.1177/0002764203256190</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146357699">146357699</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Behavioral+Scientist&rft.atitle=Law+and+the+Cultural+Production+of+Race+and+Racialized+Systems+of+Oppression&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=329-351&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0002764203256190&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146357699%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Coates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.pdx.edu%2F~ingham%2Fsyllabi%2FPerspectives%2FLawHistRacism.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1640" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Simo Tuomola, Simo: <i>Abo – Suomen metropoli: 1600-luku Turussa</i>, p. 46. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Civil+Wars%2C+Commonwealth+and+Protectorate+1638-60&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-civil-wars.co.uk%2Ftimelines%2F1640.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1640" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643: A Translation of the Itinerario de Las Missiones Orientales</i>, Volume I: Arakan (Taylor & Francis, 2017)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElliott_Horowitz1989" class="citation journal cs1">Elliott Horowitz (1989). "Coffee, Coffeehouses, and the Nocturnal Rituals of Early Modern Jewry". <i>AJS Review</i>. <b>14</b> (1). Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Association for Jewish Studies: 38. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1486283">1486283</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AJS+Review&rft.atitle=Coffee%2C+Coffeehouses%2C+and+the+Nocturnal+Rituals+of+Early+Modern+Jewry&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1486283%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Elliott+Horowitz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1640" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacLeod2001" class="citation book cs1">MacLeod, Catharine (2001). <i>Painted ladies : women at the court of Charles II</i>. 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Oxford University Press. p. 51.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Countryman%27s+Breakfast+Poser+and+Townsman%27s+Rural+Remembrancer&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1949&rft.au=John+William+Robertson+Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1640" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhereghlou2016" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ghereghlou, Kioumars (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/zaynab-begum">"ZAYNAB BEGUM"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=ZAYNAB+BEGUM&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Ghereghlou&rft.aufirst=Kioumars&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fzaynab-begum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1640" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1640&oldid=1259601118">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1640&oldid=1259601118</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1640" title="Category:1640">1640</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 November 2024, at 01:11<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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