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class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Invasion of Corsica (1553)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_(1553)" title="احتلال كورسيكا (1553) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="احتلال كورسيكا (1553)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korsikan%C4%B1n_f%C9%99thi_(1553)" title="Korsikanın fəthi (1553) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Korsikanın fəthi (1553)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD%DB%8C_(%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B5%DB%B3)" title="کورسیکانین فتحی (۱۵۵۳) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کورسیکانین فتحی (۱۵۵۳)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conqu%C3%AAte_de_la_Corse_(1553)" title="Conquête de la Corse (1553) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Conquête de la Corse (1553)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%A5%B4%EC%8B%9C%EC%B9%B4_%EC%B9%A8%EA%B3%B5_(1553%EB%85%84)" title="코르시카 침공 (1553년) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코르시카 침공 (1553년)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasi_Korsika_(1553)" title="Invasi Korsika (1553) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Invasi Korsika (1553)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasione_della_Corsica_(1553)" title="Invasione della Corsica (1553) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Invasione della Corsica (1553)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(1553)" title="Инвазија на Корзика (1553) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Инвазија на Корзика (1553)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans-Ottomaanse_invasie_van_Corsica" title="Frans-Ottomaanse invasie van Corsica – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Frans-Ottomaanse invasie van Corsica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_(1553%E2%80%941559)" title="Французское завоевание Корсики (1553—1559) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Французское завоевание Корсики (1553—1559)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korsika%27n%C4%B1n_Fethi" title="Korsika'nın Fethi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Korsika'nın Fethi" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Invasion of Corsica</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman-Habsburg_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman-Habsburg wars">Ottoman-Habsburg wars</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551%E2%80%931559" title="Italian War of 1551–1559">Italian War of 1551–1559</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Corsica_by_Piri_Reis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Corsica_by_Piri_Reis.jpg/300px-Corsica_by_Piri_Reis.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="434" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Corsica_by_Piri_Reis.jpg/450px-Corsica_by_Piri_Reis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Corsica_by_Piri_Reis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="806" /></a></span><br />Historic map of Corsica by <a href="/wiki/Piri_Reis" title="Piri Reis">Piri Reis</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>1553–1559</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Ottomans and French temporarily occupy most of Corsica</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="283" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a><br /><span data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Early modern France">France</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_Corsica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Corsica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_Corsica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Corsica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_Corsica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Corsica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsicans</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa"><img alt="Republic of Genoa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Doria" title="Andrea Doria">Andrea Doria</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire"><img alt="Ottoman Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="283" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turgut_Reis" class="mw-redirect" title="Turgut Reis">Turgut Reis</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France"><img alt="Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Thermes" title="Paul de Thermes">Paul de Thermes</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France"><img alt="Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paulin_de_la_Garde" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulin de la Garde">Paulin de la Garde</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica"><img alt="Corsica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_Corsica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Corsica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_Corsica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Corsica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_Corsica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Corsica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sampieru_Corsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sampieru Corsu">Sampieru Corsu</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> </td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire"><img alt="Ottoman Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ottoman_Empire_%281517-1793%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="283" /></a></span></span> 60 galleys<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France"><img alt="Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 14 galleys</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_Wars" title="Template:Campaignbox Ottoman–Habsburg Wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_Wars" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Ottoman–Habsburg Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Ottoman–Habsburg Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ottoman–Habsburg_wars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_wars" title="Ottoman–Habsburg wars"><span class="wrap">Ottoman–Habsburg wars</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Hungary and the Balkans</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Mohács</a> (1526)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign</a> (1527–28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War" title="Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War">Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War</a> (1527–1593)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_I%27s_campaign_of_1529" title="Suleiman I's campaign of 1529">Hungary</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1529)" title="Siege of Vienna (1529)">Vienna</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_wars_in_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931568)" title="Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568)">Little Wars in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1529%E2%80%931533" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1529–1533">(1529–1533)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1540%E2%80%931547" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1540–1547">(1540–1547)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1551%E2%80%931562" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1551–1562">(1551–1562)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1565%E2%80%931568" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1565–1568">(1565–1568)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gy%C5%91r_(1577)" title="Battle of Győr (1577)">Győr</a> (1577)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bicske" title="Battle of Bicske">Bicske</a> (1578)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Turkish_War" title="Long Turkish War">Long War</a> (1593–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bocskai_uprising" title="Bocskai uprising">Bocskai uprising</a> (1604–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1663%E2%80%931664)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1663–64)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a> (1683–1699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_of_1716%E2%80%931718" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Turkish War of 1716–1718">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1716–1718)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1735%E2%80%931739)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)">Russo-Turkish War</a> (1735–1739)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1788%E2%80%931791)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1788–91)</li></ul> <p><b>Mediterranean</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Castle_of_Saint_George" title="Siege of the Castle of Saint George">Cephalonia</a> (1500)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_raid_on_the_Balearic_Islands_(1501)" title="Ottoman raid on the Balearic Islands (1501)">Balearics</a> (1501)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1516)" title="Algiers expedition (1516)">1st Algiers</a> (1516)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tlemcen_(1518)" title="Fall of Tlemcen (1518)">Tlemcen</a> (1518)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1519)" title="Algiers expedition (1519)">2nd Algiers</a> (1519)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_of_Algiers_(1529)" title="Capture of Peñón of Algiers (1529)">3rd Algiers</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Formentera" title="Battle of Formentera">Formentera</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_of_Cherchell_(1531)" title="Campaign of Cherchell (1531)">Cherchell</a> (1531)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Coron_(1533%E2%80%931534)" title="Siege of Coron (1533–1534)">Coron</a> (1533–1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1534)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1534)">1st Tunis</a> (1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1535)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1535)">2nd Tunis</a> (1535)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Mah%C3%B3n" title="Sack of Mahón">Mahón</a> (1535)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Preveza" title="Battle of Preveza">Preveza</a> (1538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Castelnuovo" title="Siege of Castelnuovo">Castelnuovo</a> (1539)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Girolata" title="Battle of Girolata">Girolata</a> (1540)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Albor%C3%A1n" title="Battle of Alborán">Alborán</a> (1540)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1541)" title="Algiers expedition (1541)">4th Algiers</a> (1541)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nice" title="Siege of Nice">Nice</a> (1543)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Mostaganem_(1543)" title="Expedition to Mostaganem (1543)">1st Mostaganem</a> (1543)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Lipari" title="Sack of Lipari">Lipari</a> (1544)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Naples" title="Sack of Naples">Naples</a> (1544)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Mostaganem_(1547)" title="Expedition to Mostaganem (1547)">2st Mostaganem</a> (1547)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Cullera" title="Sack of Cullera">Cullera</a> (1550)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Mahdia_(1550)" title="Capture of Mahdia (1550)">Mahdia</a> (1550)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Gozo_(1551)" title="Invasion of Gozo (1551)">1st Gozo</a> (1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli_(1551)" title="Siege of Tripoli (1551)">Tripoli</a> (1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ponza_(1552)" title="Battle of Ponza (1552)">Ponza</a> (1552)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corsica</a> (1553–1559)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Vieste" title="Sack of Vieste">Viste</a> (1554)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa_(1555)" title="Capture of Béjaïa (1555)">Béjaïa</a> (1555)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Oran_(1556)" title="Siege of Oran (1556)">Oran</a> (1556)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_invasion_of_the_Balearic_Islands_(1558)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman invasion of the Balearic Islands (1558)">Balearics</a> (1558)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Mostaganem_(1558)" title="Expedition to Mostaganem (1558)">3rd Mostaganem</a> (1558)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Djerba" title="Battle of Djerba">Djerba</a> (1560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Oran_and_Mers_El_K%C3%A9bir" title="Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir">Orán and Mers-el-Kébir</a> (1563)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera_expedition_(1563)" title="Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera expedition (1563)">1st Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera</a> (1563)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Granada" title="Sack of Granada">Granada</a> (1563)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera">2nd Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera</a> (1564)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Malta</a> (1565)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Tunis_(1569)" title="Capture of Tunis (1569)">3rd Tunis</a> (1569)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gozo_(1570)" title="Battle of Gozo (1570)">2nd Gozo</a> (1570)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto" title="Battle of Lepanto">Lepanto</a> (1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Navarino_(1572)" title="Siege of Navarino (1572)">Navarino</a> (1572)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1573)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1573)">4th Tunis</a> (1573)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1574)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1574)">5th Tunis</a> (1574)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_26_September_1575" title="Action of 26 September 1575">Cadaqués</a> (1575)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Lanzarote_(1586)" title="Sack of Lanzarote (1586)">Lanzarote</a> (1586)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chios_expedition_(1599)" title="Chios expedition (1599)">Chios</a> (1599)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hammamet" title="Battle of Hammamet">Hammamet</a> (1605)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_29_June_1609" title="Action of 29 June 1609">1nd La Goulette</a> (1609)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Corvo" title="Battle of Cape Corvo">Cape Corvo</a> (1613)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_May_1612" title="Action of May 1612">2nd La Goulette</a> (1612)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_%C5%BBejtun" title="Raid on Żejtun">Malta</a> (1614)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Celidonia" title="Battle of Cape Celidonia">Cape Celidonia</a> (1616)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Constantinople" title="Raid on Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (1616)</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>Invasion of Corsica of 1553</b> occurred when French, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsican</a> exile forces combined to capture the island of <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island had considerable strategic importance in the western <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a>, being at the heart of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> communication network and serving as a forced stopover for small boats sailing between <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island had been administered since 1453 by the <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoese</a> <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Saint_George" title="Bank of Saint George">Bank of Saint George</a>. The invasion of Corsica was accomplished for the benefit of France.<sup id="cite_ref-Islam_p.328_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islam_p.328-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Corsica" title="History of Corsica">History of Corsica</a></div> <p>The French king <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_France" title="Henry II of France">Henry II</a> had entered the <a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551%E2%80%931559" title="Italian War of 1551–1559">Italian War of 1551–1559</a> against Habsburg Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a>. Looking for allies, Henry II, following the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Ottoman_alliance" title="Franco-Ottoman alliance">Franco-Ottoman alliance</a> policy of his father <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a>, sealed a treaty with <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> in order to cooperate against the Habsburgs in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller,_p.2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller,_p.2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As for the island of Corsica itself, it was ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ottomans, accompanied by the French ambassador <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_de_Luetz" title="Gabriel de Luetz">Gabriel de Luetz</a>, had already defeated a Genoese fleet under <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Doria" title="Andrea Doria">Andrea Doria</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ponza_(1552)" title="Battle of Ponza (1552)">Battle of Ponza</a> the previous year in 1552. On 1 February 1553, a new <a href="/wiki/Franco-Ottoman_alliance" title="Franco-Ottoman alliance">Franco-Ottoman treaty of alliance</a>, involving naval collaboration against the Habsburgs, was signed between France and the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Summer_campaign_(1553)"><span id="Summer_campaign_.281553.29"></span>Summer campaign (1553)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Summer campaign (1553)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Ottoman admirals <a href="/wiki/Turgut_Reis" class="mw-redirect" title="Turgut Reis">Turgut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Koca_Sinan_Pasha" title="Koca Sinan Pasha">Koja Sinan</a>, together with a French squadron under Baron <a href="/wiki/Paulin_de_la_Garde" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulin de la Garde">Paulin de la Garde</a>, raided the coasts of <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, Sicily, <a href="/wiki/Elba" title="Elba">Elba</a>, and then <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-New_Turkes_p._49_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Turkes_p._49-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ottoman fleet supported the French by ferrying the French troops of <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a> under Marshal <a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Thermes" title="Paul de Thermes">Paul de Thermes</a> from <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Siena" title="Republic of Siena">Sienese</a> <a href="/wiki/Maremma" title="Maremma">Maremma</a> to Corsica.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French were also supported by Corsican exiles under <a href="/wiki/Sampiero_Corso" title="Sampiero Corso">Sampiero Corso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jourdan_des_Ursins" title="Jourdan des Ursins">Giordano Orsini</a> (Gallicized as "Jourdan des Ursins") in this adventure. The invasion had not been explicitly approved beforehand by the French king however.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bastia" title="Bastia">Bastia</a> was captured on 24 August 1553, and Paulin de la Garde arrived in front of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Florent,_Haute-Corse" title="Saint-Florent, Haute-Corse">Saint-Florent</a> on 26 August.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bonifacio,_Corse-du-Sud" title="Bonifacio, Corse-du-Sud">Bonifacio</a> was captured in September.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With only Calvi remaining to be captured, the Ottomans, loaded with spoils, decided to leave the blockade at the end of September, and return to Constantinople.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the help of the Ottomans, the French had managed to take strong positions on the island and finally occupied it almost completely by the end of the summer, to the dismay of the <a href="/wiki/Papacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Papacy">Papacy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG/247px-Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="247" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG/370px-Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG/493px-Turgut_Reis_bust_at_Istanbul_Naval_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Turgut_Reis" class="mw-redirect" title="Turgut Reis">Turgut Reis</a>, Commander of the Ottoman forces</figcaption></figure> <p>With the Ottoman fleet gone for the winter and the French fleet having returned to <a href="/wiki/Marseilles" class="mw-redirect" title="Marseilles">Marseilles</a>, the occupation of Corsica was jeopardised.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only 5,000 old soldiers remained on the island, together with the Corsican insurgents.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genoese_counter-attack_(1553–1554)"><span id="Genoese_counter-attack_.281553.E2.80.931554.29"></span>Genoese counter-attack (1553–1554)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Genoese counter-attack (1553–1554)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henry II started negotiations with Genoa in November,<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Genoa sent a force of 15,000 men with the fleet of <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Doria" title="Andrea Doria">Andrea Doria</a> and started the long recapture of the island with the siege of Saint-Florent.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An Ottoman fleet sailed in the Mediterranean under <a href="/wiki/Dragut" title="Dragut">Dragut</a> but was too late, and only sailed the coast of <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> before returning to Constantinople.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French only obtained the cooperations of <a href="/wiki/Galliot" class="mw-redirect" title="Galliot">galliots</a> from <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Franco-Turkish_operations_(1555–58)"><span id="Franco-Turkish_operations_.281555.E2.80.9358.29"></span>Franco-Turkish operations (1555–58)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Franco-Turkish operations (1555–58)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg/150px-Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg/225px-Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg/300px-Battle_of_of_the_Corsicans_with_the_Genoese.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption>Battle of the Corsicans with the Genoese.</figcaption></figure> <p>By 1555, the French had been cleared from most of the coastal cities and Doria left, but many areas remained under French control. In 1555, <a href="/wiki/Jourdan_des_Ursins" title="Jourdan des Ursins">Jourdan des Ursins</a> replaced de Thermes, and was named <i>"Gouverneur et lieutenant général du roi dans l'île de Corse"</i>. </p><p>The ambassador to the Ottoman Porte <a href="/wiki/Codignac" class="mw-redirect" title="Codignac">Codignac</a> had to go to the Ottoman headquarters in Persia, where they were waging a war against the <a href="/wiki/Safavid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavid Empire">Safavid Empire</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman-Safavid_War_(1532%E2%80%931555)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman-Safavid War (1532–1555)">Ottoman-Safavid War (1532–1555)</a>, to plead for the dispatch of a fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Turkish fleet only stood by during the siege of Calvi, and contributed little. The same inactivity took place during the siege of <a href="/wiki/Bastia" title="Bastia">Bastia</a>, which had been retaken by the Genoese.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Turkish fleet sent to help was severely undermined by the plague and went home towing empty ships. </p><p>Another Ottoman fleet was sent to the Mediterranean in 1558 to strategically support France, but the fleet was delayed from joining a French fleet in <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a> near <a href="/wiki/Bastia" title="Bastia">Bastia</a>, possibly due to the failure of the commander <a href="/wiki/Dragut" title="Dragut">Dragut</a> to honour Suleiman's orders. The Ottoman fleet led an <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_invasion_of_the_Balearic_islands_(1558)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman invasion of the Balearic islands (1558)">invasion of the Balearic islands</a> instead. Suleiman would apologize in a letter to Henry at the end of the year 1558.<sup id="cite_ref-Setton_696_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Setton_696-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Setton_700_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Setton_700-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Franco-Ottoman military alliance is said to have reached its peak around 1553.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Turkes_p._49_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Turkes_p._49-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, in the <a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551%E2%80%9359#Peace_of_Cateau-Cambrésis_(1559)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian War of 1551–59">Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis</a> in 1559, the French returned Corsica to the Genoese Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pauldelabarthe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paul de Thermes, Commander of the French forces"><img alt="Paul de Thermes, Commander of the French forces" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Pauldelabarthe.jpg/85px-Pauldelabarthe.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Pauldelabarthe.jpg/128px-Pauldelabarthe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Pauldelabarthe.jpg/171px-Pauldelabarthe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="1247" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Thermes" title="Paul de Thermes">Paul de Thermes</a>, Commander of the French forces</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Koja Sinan Pasha, Commander of the Ottoman forces"><img alt="Koja Sinan Pasha, Commander of the Ottoman forces" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg/100px-Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg/150px-Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg/200px-Arolsen_Klebeband_01_457_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="747" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Koca_Sinan_Pasha" title="Koca Sinan Pasha">Koja Sinan Pasha</a>, Commander of the Ottoman forces</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antoine_Escalin.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baron de la Garde, Admiral of the French fleet"><img alt="Baron de la Garde, Admiral of the French fleet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Antoine_Escalin.jpg/80px-Antoine_Escalin.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Antoine_Escalin.jpg/120px-Antoine_Escalin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Antoine_Escalin.jpg/160px-Antoine_Escalin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="923" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baron_de_la_Garde" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron de la Garde">Baron de la Garde</a>, Admiral of the French fleet</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrea_Doria.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Andrea Doria, Commander of the Genoese forces"><img alt="Andrea Doria, Commander of the Genoese forces" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Andrea_Doria.jpg/82px-Andrea_Doria.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Andrea_Doria.jpg/124px-Andrea_Doria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Andrea_Doria.jpg/165px-Andrea_Doria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="1078" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Doria" title="Andrea Doria">Andrea Doria</a>, Commander of the Genoese forces</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bastelica_(Santo).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Sampiero Corso at Bastelica. He combined with the French and the Ottomans to occupy Corsica"><img alt="Statue of Sampiero Corso at Bastelica. He combined with the French and the Ottomans to occupy Corsica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Bastelica_%28Santo%29.jpg/80px-Bastelica_%28Santo%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Bastelica_%28Santo%29.jpg/120px-Bastelica_%28Santo%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Bastelica_%28Santo%29.jpg/160px-Bastelica_%28Santo%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1176" data-file-height="1764" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of <a href="/wiki/Sampiero_Corso" title="Sampiero Corso">Sampiero Corso</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bastelica" title="Bastelica">Bastelica</a>. He combined with the French and the Ottomans to occupy Corsica</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Ottoman_alliance" title="Franco-Ottoman alliance">Franco-Ottoman alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Corsica" title="History of Corsica">History of Corsica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ottoman_sieges_and_landings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ottoman sieges and landings">List of Ottoman sieges and landings</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Naval Policy and Strategy in the Mediterranean: Past, Present, and Future</i>, John B. Hattendorf, p. 17 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o20TToWpNYIC&pg=PA17">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Braudel-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Braudel_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LPp63EKb9moC&pg=PA929"><i>The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean world in the age of Philip II</i> by Fernand Braudel p.929<i>ff</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Islam_p.328-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Islam_p.328_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Cambridge History of Islam</i>, p. 328</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller,_p.2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miller,_p.2_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Miller, p.2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey</i>, Ezel Kural Shaw, p. 106 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UVmsI0P9RDUC&pg=PA106">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Turkes_p._49-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Turkes_p._49_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Turkes_p._49_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>New Turkes: Dramatizing Islam and the Ottomans in Early Modern England</i>, Matthew Dimmock, p. 49 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Dx0BFlJd3lIC&pg=PA49">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II</i>, Fernand Braudel, p. 928<i>ff</i>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LPp63EKb9moC&pg=PA928">[4]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Setton_696-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Setton_696_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DUwLAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA696"><i>The Papacy and the Levant</i> Kenneth M. Setton p.696<i>ff</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Setton_700-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Setton_700_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DUwLAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA700"><i>The Papacy and the Levant</i> Kenneth M. Setton p.700<i>ff</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211029183600/https://www.thethinkingtraveller.com/france/corsica/guide-to-corsica/history-of-corsica">"The Thinking Traveller | Exclusive luxury villa holidays"</a>. <i>thethinkingtraveller.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thethinkingtraveller.com/france/corsica/guide-to-corsica/history-of-corsica">the original</a> on 29 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thethinkingtraveller.com&rft.atitle=The+Thinking+Traveller+%7C+Exclusive+luxury+villa+holidays&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thethinkingtraveller.com%2Ffrance%2Fcorsica%2Fguide-to-corsica%2Fhistory-of-corsica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInvasion+of+Corsica+%281553%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Peter Malcolm Holt, Ann K. S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis, <i>The Cambridge History of Islam</i>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1977. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-29135-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-29135-6">0-521-29135-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Miller_(historian)" title="William Miller (historian)">William Miller</a>, <i>The Ottoman Empire and Its Successors, 1801–1927</i> Routledge, 1966 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7146-1974-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7146-1974-4">0-7146-1974-4</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&oldid=1245209002">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)&oldid=1245209002</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_campaigns_involving_France" title="Category:Military campaigns involving France">Military campaigns involving France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_campaigns_involving_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Category:Military campaigns involving the Ottoman Empire">Military campaigns involving the Ottoman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conflicts_in_1553" title="Category:Conflicts in 1553">Conflicts in 1553</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_history_of_Corsica" title="Category:Military history of Corsica">Military history of Corsica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Campaigns_of_the_Italian_Wars" title="Category:Campaigns of the Italian Wars">Campaigns of the Italian Wars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1553_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Category:1553 in the Ottoman Empire">1553 in the Ottoman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1553_in_Europe" title="Category:1553 in Europe">1553 in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Invasions_by_France" title="Category:Invasions by France">Invasions by France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Invasions_by_the_Ottoman_Empire_in_Europe" title="Category:Invasions by the Ottoman Empire in Europe">Invasions by the Ottoman Empire in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Invasions_of_former_countries" title="Category:Invasions of former countries">Invasions of former countries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wars_involving_the_Republic_of_Genoa" title="Category:Wars involving the Republic of Genoa">Wars involving the Republic of Genoa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1553_in_the_Republic_of_Genoa" title="Category:1553 in the Republic of Genoa">1553 in the Republic of Genoa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_War_of_1551%E2%80%931559" title="Category:Italian War of 1551–1559">Italian War of 1551–1559</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_February_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from February 2021">Use dmy dates from February 2021</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 September 2024, at 17:21<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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