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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Widow Remarriage Act</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Widow_Remarriage_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposing_Spread_of_Education_beyond_Higher_Classes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposing_Spread_of_Education_beyond_Higher_Classes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Opposing Spread of Education beyond Higher Classes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposing_Spread_of_Education_beyond_Higher_Classes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidyasagar_in_Santhal_Pargana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidyasagar_in_Santhal_Pargana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vidyasagar in Santhal Pargana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidyasagar_in_Santhal_Pargana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meeting_with_Ramakrishna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meeting_with_Ramakrishna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Meeting with Ramakrishna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meeting_with_Ramakrishna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Accolades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%B0" title="ঈশ্বৰচন্দ্ৰ বিদ্যাসাগৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ঈশ্বৰচন্দ্ৰ বিদ্যাসাগৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0" title="ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বিদ্যাসাগর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বিদ্যাসাগর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वरचंद्र विद्यासागर – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="ईश्वरचंद्र विद्यासागर" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वर चन्द्र विद्यासागर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ईश्वर चन्द्र विद्यासागर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%88%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B0" title="ಈಶ್ವರ ಚಂದ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಸಾಗರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಈಶ್ವರ ಚಂದ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಸಾಗರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%88%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%BC" title="ഈശ്വര ചന്ദ്ര വിദ്യാസാഗർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഈശ്വര ചന്ദ്ര വിദ്യാസാഗർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वरचंद्र विद्यासागर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ईश्वरचंद्र विद्यासागर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ايشوار تشاندرا ڤيدياساجار – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايشوار تشاندرا ڤيدياساجار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0" title="ਈਸ਼ਵਰ ਚੰਦਰ ਵਿਦਿਆਸਾਗਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਈਸ਼ਵਰ ਚੰਦਰ ਵਿਦਿਆਸਾਗਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1_%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="ایشور چندر ودیا ساگر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایشور چندر ودیا ساگر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वरचन्द्र विद्यासागर – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ईश्वरचन्द्र विद्यासागर" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8_%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A_%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱤᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%88%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="ஈஸ்வர சந்திர வித்யாசாகர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஈஸ்வர சந்திர வித்யாசாகர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%88%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఈశ్వర్ చంద్ర విద్యాసాగర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఈశ్వర్ చంద్ర విద్యాసాగర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3" title="อิศวร จันทระ วิทยาสาคร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิศวร จันทระ วิทยาสาคร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1_%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="ایشور چندر ودیاساگر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایشور چندر ودیاساگر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q964111#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian educator and social reformer</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ishwarchandra_Vidyasagar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Ishwarchandra_Vidyasagar.jpg/220px-Ishwarchandra_Vidyasagar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Ishwarchandra_Vidyasagar.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="434" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Ishwar Chandra Bandopadhyay<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1820-09-26</span>)</span>26 September 1820<br /><a href="/wiki/Birsingha" title="Birsingha">Birsingha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal Presidency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Company_Rule_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Company Rule in India">British India</a><br />(present-day <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, India)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">29 July 1891<span style="display:none">(1891-07-29)</span> (aged 70)<br /><a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal Presidency</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British India</a><br />(present-day West Bengal, India)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Educator, social reformer and author</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">Indian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit College">Sanskrit College</a> (1828–1839)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Dinamayee Devi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Children</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ishwar Chandra Bandyopadhyay</b> (26 September 1820 – 29 July 1891), popularly known as <b>Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</b> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Vidyasagar, the Sea of Knowledge</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an Indian <a href="/wiki/Educator" class="mw-redirect" title="Educator">educator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_reformer" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reformer">social reformer</a> of the nineteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His efforts to simplify and modernise <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> prose were significant. He also rationalised and simplified the Bengali alphabet and type, which had remained unchanged since <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wilkins" title="Charles Wilkins">Charles Wilkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panchanan_Karmakar" title="Panchanan Karmakar">Panchanan Karmakar</a> had cut the first (wooden) Bengali <a href="/wiki/Sort_(typesetting)" title="Sort (typesetting)">type</a> in 1780. </p><p>He was the most prominent campaigner for Hindu widow remarriage, petitioning the Legislative Council despite severe opposition, including a counter petition (by <a href="/wiki/Radhakanta_Deb" title="Radhakanta Deb">Radhakanta Deb</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dharma_Sabha" title="Dharma Sabha">Dharma Sabha</a>) which had nearly four times as many signatures.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Asthana1974_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asthana1974-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even though widow remarriage was considered a flagrant breach of Hindu customs and was staunchly opposed, <a href="/wiki/James_Broun-Ramsay,_1st_Marquess_of_Dalhousie" title="James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie">Lord Dalhousie</a> personally finalised the bill and the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Widows%27_Remarriage_Act,_1856" title="Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856"><i>Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act</i>, <i>1856</i></a> was passed. Against child marriage, efforts of Vidyasagar led to <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Consent_Act,_1891" title="Age of Consent Act, 1891">Age of Consent Act, 1891</a>. In which the minimum age of consummation of marriage was 12 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Gupta2015_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gupta2015-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Weekly_newspaper" title="Weekly newspaper">weekly newspaper</a>, <i>Somprakash Patrika</i>, was started on 15 November 1858 (1 Agrahayan 1265 BS) by Dwarakanath Vidyabhusan. Dwarakanath (1819–1886) was a professor of the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit College">Sanskrit College</a> in Calcutta , India. The original plan was mooted by Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (1820–1891), who continued to advise Dwarakanath in editorial matters. He was also associated as secretary with Hindu Female School which later came to be known as Bethune Female School. </p><p>He so excelled in his undergraduate studies of Sanskrit and philosophy that Sanskrit College in Calcutta, where he studied, gave him the honorific title <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">Vidyasagar</i></span> ('Sea of Knowledge'; from the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">विद्या</span></span>, <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">vidyā</i></span>, 'knowledge' and <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">सागर</span></span>, <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">sāgara</i></span>, 'sea').<sup id="cite_ref-sahitya-sasi_raj_akademi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sahitya-sasi_raj_akademi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg/220px-Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg/330px-Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg/440px-Birthplace_of_Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_in_Birsingha_07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2322" /></a><figcaption>Birthplace of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar in Birsingha village</figcaption></figure> <p>Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was born in a <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Brahmin" title="Bengali Brahmin">Brahmin</a> family to Thakurdas Bandyopadhyay and Bhagavati Devi at <a href="/wiki/Birsingha" title="Birsingha">Birsingha</a> <span lang="bn" dir="ltr">village</span> in <a href="/wiki/Paschim_Medinipur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Paschim Medinipur District">Paschim Medinipur District</a> (erstwhile undivided Midnapore District) on 26 September 1820. The family originally hailed from Banamalipur situated in present-day <a href="/wiki/Hooghly_district" title="Hooghly district">Hooghly district</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the age of 9, he went to <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Calcutta</a> and started living in Bhagabat Charan's house in <a href="/wiki/Burrabazar" title="Burrabazar">Burrabazar</a>, where Thakurdas had already been staying for some years. Ishwar felt at ease amidst Bhagabat's large family and settled down comfortably in no time. Bhagabat's youngest daughter Raimoni's motherly and affectionate feelings towards Ishwar touched him deeply and had a strong influence on his later revolutionary work towards the upliftment of women. He championed the cause of female education. </p><p>His quest for knowledge was so intense that he used to study under a street light as it was not possible for him to afford a gas lamp at home<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He cleared all the examinations with excellence and in quick succession. He was rewarded with a number of scholarships for his academic performance. To support himself and the family, Ishwar Chandra also took a part-time job of teaching at <a href="/wiki/Jorashanko" class="mw-redirect" title="Jorashanko">Jorashanko</a>. Ishwar Chandra joined the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit College">Sanskrit College</a>, Calcutta and studied there for twelve long years and graduated in 1841 qualifying in Sanskrit Grammar, Literature, Dialectics [Alankara Shastra], Vedanta, Smriti and Astronomy<sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As was the custom then Ishwar Chandra married at the age of fourteen. His wife was Dinamayee Devi. Narayan Chandra Bandyopadhyaya was their only son. </p><p>In the year 1839, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar successfully cleared his Sanskrit law examination. In 1841, at the age of twenty-one years, Ishwar Chandra joined <a href="/wiki/Fort_William_College" title="Fort William College">Fort William College</a> as head of the Sanskrit department. </p><p>After five years, in 1846, Vidyasagar left Fort William College and joined the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit College">Sanskrit College</a> as 'Assistant Secretary'. In the first year of service, Ishwar Chandra recommended a number of changes to the existing education system. This report resulted in a serious altercation between Ishwar Chandra and College Secretary Rasomoy Dutta. In 1849, against the advice of Rasomoy Dutta, he resigned from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit College">Sanskrit College</a> and rejoined <a href="/wiki/Fort_William_College" title="Fort William College">Fort William College</a> as a head clerk.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Widow_Remarriage_Act">Widow Remarriage Act</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Widow Remarriage Act"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Widow_Remarriage_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Widow Remarriage Act">Widow Remarriage Act</a></div> <p>Vidyasagar championed the upliftment of the status of women in India, particularly in his native <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>. Unlike some other reformers who sought to set up alternative societies or systems, he sought to transform society from within. Vidyasagar also fought against child marriage and the practice of men marrying many girls (polygamy)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unable to tolerate the ill-treatment, many of these girls would run away and turn to prostitution to support themselves. Ironically, the economic prosperity and lavish lifestyles of the city made it possible for many of them to have successful careers once they stepped out of the sanction of society and into the demi-monde. In 1853 it was estimated that Calcutta had a population of 12,700 prostitutes and public women. Many widows had to shave their heads and don white saris, supposedly to discourage attention from men. They led a deplorable life,Vidyasagar thought it was unfair and sought out the changes.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opposing_Spread_of_Education_beyond_Higher_Classes">Opposing Spread of Education beyond Higher Classes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opposing Spread of Education beyond Higher Classes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Wood%27s_despatch" title="Wood's despatch">Wood's despatch of 1854</a>—considered the <a href="/wiki/Magna_Carta" title="Magna Carta">Magna Carta</a> of Indian education—adopted a new policy towards 'mass education'. Hitherto the official focus was on the upper classes of the population for education. Dubbed the 'Downward Filtration Theory', this implied that education always filters down from the upper classes of the society to the common masses. </p><p> In 1859, the government's education policy reiterated "the spread of vernacular elementary instruction among the lower orders".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon this, Vidyasagar addressed a letter, dated 29 September 1859, to <a href="/wiki/John_Peter_Grant" title="John Peter Grant">John Peter Grant</a>, the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, underlining his perception:</p><blockquote><p><i>An impression appears to have gained ground, both here and in England, that enough has been done for the education of the higher classes and that attention should now be directed towards the education of the masses... An inquiry into the matter will, however, show a very different state of things. As the best, if not the only practicable means of promoting education in Bengal, the Government should, in my humble opinion, confine itself to the education of the higher classes on a comprehensive scale.</i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>The words "higher classes" in Bengali parlance do not entail anything but caste which bestows or withdraws the privilege of education on a person by birth. Thus, Vidyasagar explicitly advocated for confining education to "higher classes".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Earlier in 1854, Vidyasagar had scoffed at the admission of a wealthy man from the goldsmith caste of Bengal in the <a href="/wiki/The_Sanskrit_College_and_University" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sanskrit College and University">Sanskrit College, Calcutta</a>. His argument was that "in the scale of castes, the goldsmith class (<a href="/wiki/Suvarna_Banik" title="Suvarna Banik">Subarnabanik</a>) stands very low".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, <a href="/wiki/Sanjib_Chattopadhyay" title="Sanjib Chattopadhyay">Sanjib Chattopadhyay</a>, a biographer of Vidyasagar, revealed that Ishwar Chandra started his primary education in a school established and maintained by Shibcharan Mallick, a rich man of goldsmith caste in Calcutta.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidyasagar_in_Santhal_Pargana">Vidyasagar in Santhal Pargana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Vidyasagar in Santhal Pargana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar's long association with <a href="/wiki/Karmatanr,_Jamtara" title="Karmatanr, Jamtara">Karmatar</a>, a sleepy hamlet about 20 km from the district headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Jamtara" title="Jamtara">Jamtara</a>, seems to have been forgotten by the people of the <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">state</a>. </p><p>Vidyasagar came to Karmatar in 1873 and spent more than 18 years of his life here. He had set up a girls' school and a night school for adults on the premises of his house, which he called Nandan Kanan. He also opened a free homeopathy clinic to provide some medical care to these unprivileged tribal people. </p><p>After his death the Nandan Kanan, the abode of Vidyasagar was sold by his son to Mallick family of <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>. Before Nandan Kanan could be dismantled Bengali Association <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> on 29 March 1974 purchased it by money collected by house to house contribution of one rupee each. The Girls School has been restarted, named after Vidyasagar. The Free Homeopathic Clinic is serving local population. The house of Vidyasagar has been maintained in the original shape. The most prized property is the 141 year old ‘Palanquin' used by Vidyasagar himself.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Jharkhand" title="Government of Jharkhand">Government of Jharkhand</a> on 26 September 2019 named <a href="/wiki/Jamtara" title="Jamtara">Jamtara district</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Karmatanr_(community_development_block)" title="Karmatanr (community development block)">Karmatand block</a> as Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar Block as a mark of respect on the birth anniversary of the great social reformer. </p><p> An official release quote of Jharkhand's former Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Raghubar_Das" title="Raghubar Das">Raghubar Das</a>:</p><blockquote><p><i>"Jamtara's Karmatand prakhand (block) was the 'karma bhumi' (workplace) of social reformer and strong supporter of women's education Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. Now the block will be known as Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar prakhand"</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p></blockquote> <p>He was also the secretary of Hindu Female School which later came to be known as Bethune Female School.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meeting_with_Ramakrishna">Meeting with Ramakrishna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Meeting with Ramakrishna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vidyasagar was liberal in his outlook even though he was born in an orthodox Hindu Brahmin family. Also, he was highly educated and influenced by Oriental thoughts and ideas. <a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a> in contrast, did not have a formal education. Yet they had a nice relation between them. When Ramakrishna met Vidyasagar, he praised Vidyasagar as the sea of wisdom. Vidyasagar joked that Ramkrishna should have collected some amount of salty water of that sea. But, Ramakrishna, with profound humbleness & respect, replied that the water of general sea might be salty, but not the water of the sea of wisdom.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accolades">Accolades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Accolades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg/120px-Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg/180px-Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg/240px-Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="706" data-file-height="947" /></a><figcaption>Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar on a 1970 stamp of India</figcaption></figure> <p>Shortly after Vidyasagar's death, <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a> reverently wrote about him: "One wonders how God, in the process of producing forty million Bengalis, produced a man!"<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After death, he is remembered in many ways, some of them include: </p> <ol><li>In 2004, Vidyasagar was ranked number 9 in BBC's poll of the <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Bengali_of_all_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Greatest Bengali of all time">Greatest Bengali of all time</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ISB1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISB1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rectitude and courage were the hallmarks of Vidyasagar's character, and he was certainly ahead of his time. In recognition of his scholarship and cultural work the government designated Vidyasagar a <a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Indian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Indian Empire">Companion of the Indian Empire</a> (CIE) in 1877<sup id="cite_ref-Romesh_Dutt_1962_p._117_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romesh_Dutt_1962_p._117-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the final years of life, he chose to spend his days among the "<a href="/wiki/Santhal_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Santhal people">Santhals</a>", an old tribe in India.</li> <li>Indian Post issued stamps featuring Vidyasagar in 1970 and 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <dl><dt>List of places named after Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</dt></dl> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg/140px-Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg/210px-Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg/280px-Vidyasagar_Setu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="490" /></a><figcaption>Vidyasagar Setu, which connects <a href="/wiki/Howrah" title="Howrah">Howrah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>, is named after him.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entrance_gate_of_College_Square,_Kolkata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Entrance_gate_of_College_Square%2C_Kolkata.jpg/120px-Entrance_gate_of_College_Square%2C_Kolkata.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Entrance_gate_of_College_Square%2C_Kolkata.jpg/180px-Entrance_gate_of_College_Square%2C_Kolkata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Entrance_gate_of_College_Square%2C_Kolkata.jpg/240px-Entrance_gate_of_College_Square%2C_Kolkata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="3620" /></a><figcaption>Vidyasagar Udyan (College Square) at <a href="/wiki/College_Street_(Kolkata)" title="College Street (Kolkata)">College Street</a> in Kolkata, named after him.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_College" title="Vidyasagar College">Vidyasagar College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Evening_College" title="Vidyasagar Evening College">Vidyasagar Evening College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_College_for_Women" title="Vidyasagar College for Women">Vidyasagar College for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Institute_of_Health" title="Vidyasagar Institute of Health">Vidyasagar Institute of Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Mahavidyalaya" title="Vidyasagar Mahavidyalaya">Vidyasagar Mahavidyalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_School_of_Social_Work" title="Vidyasagar School of Social Work">Vidyasagar School of Social Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Setu" title="Vidyasagar Setu">Vidyasagar Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Shishu_Niketan" title="Vidyasagar Shishu Niketan">Vidyasagar Shishu Niketan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Teachers%27_Training_College,_Kalna" title="Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College, Kalna">Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College, Kalna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Teachers%27_Training_College,_Midnapore" title="Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College, Midnapore">Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College, Midnapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_University" title="Vidyasagar University">Vidyasagar University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Vidyapith" title="Vidyasagar Vidyapith">Vidyasagar Vidyapith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyasagar_Vidyapith_Girls%27_High_School" title="Vidyasagar Vidyapith Girls' High School">Vidyasagar Vidyapith Girls' High School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidyasagar_railway_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidyasagar railway station (page does not exist)">Vidyasagar railway station</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karmatanr" class="mw-disambig" title="Karmatanr">Karmatanr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tillandapur_Vidyasagar_Nursery_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tillandapur Vidyasagar Nursery School (page does not exist)">Tillandapur Vidyasagar Nursery School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panskura" title="Panskura">Panskura</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Indian film director Kali Prasad Ghosh made <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidyasagar_(1950_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidyasagar (1950 film) (page does not exist)">Vidyasagar (1950 film)</a>, a Bengali-language biographical film about Ishwar Chandra's life in 1950 which starred <a href="/wiki/Pahadi_Sanyal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahadi Sanyal">Pahadi Sanyal</a> in the titular role.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mapsofindia.com/on-this-day/29-july-1891-social-reformer-ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar-passes-away">"29 July 1891: Social Reformer Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar Passes Away"</a>. <i>www.mapsofindia.com</i>. 29 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mapsofindia.com&rft.atitle=29+July+1891%3A+Social+Reformer+Ishwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar+Passes+Away&rft.date=2013-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mapsofindia.com%2Fon-this-day%2F29-july-1891-social-reformer-ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar-passes-away&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/26148">"Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar: A Profile of the Philanthropic Protagonist"</a>. americanchronicle.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ishwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar%3A+A+Profile+of+the+Philanthropic+Protagonist&rft.pub=americanchronicle.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanchronicle.com%2Farticles%2F26148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFH._R._Ghosal1957" class="citation journal cs1">H. R. Ghosal (1957). "The Revolution Behind the Revolt (A comparative study of the causes of the 1857 uprising)". <i>Proceedings of the Indian History Congress</i>. <b>20</b>: 293–305. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44304480">44304480</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Indian+History+Congress&rft.atitle=The+Revolution+Behind+the+Revolt+%28A+comparative+study+of+the+causes+of+the+1857+uprising%29&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=293-305&rft.date=1957&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44304480%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=H.+R.+Ghosal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asthana1974-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Asthana1974_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPratima_Asthana1974" class="citation book cs1">Pratima Asthana (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AxAqAAAAYAAJ"><i>Women's Movement in India</i></a>. Vikas Publishing House. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7069-0333-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7069-0333-1"><bdi>978-0-7069-0333-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women%27s+Movement+in+India&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Vikas+Publishing+House&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-7069-0333-1&rft.au=Pratima+Asthana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAxAqAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gupta2015-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gupta2015_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmit_Kumar_Gupta2015" class="citation book cs1">Amit Kumar Gupta (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yt6oCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT30"><i>Nineteenth-Century Colonialism and the Great Indian Revolt</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-38668-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-38668-1"><bdi>978-1-317-38668-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nineteenth-Century+Colonialism+and+the+Great+Indian+Revolt&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-317-38668-1&rft.au=Amit+Kumar+Gupta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dyt6oCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelkacem_Belmekki2008" class="citation journal cs1">Belkacem Belmekki (2008). "A Wind of Change: The New British Colonial Policy in Post-Revolt India". <i>AEDEAN: Asociación Española de Estudios Anglo-americanos</i>. <b>2</b> (2): 111–124. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41055330">41055330</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEDEAN%3A+Asociaci%C3%B3n+Espa%C3%B1ola+de+Estudios+Anglo-americanos&rft.atitle=A+Wind+of+Change%3A+The+New+British+Colonial+Policy+in+Post-Revolt+India&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=111-124&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41055330%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Belkacem+Belmekki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sahitya-sasi_raj_akademi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sahitya-sasi_raj_akademi_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLal2006" class="citation book cs1">Lal, Mohan (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4567">"Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar"</a>. <i>The Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature</i>. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 4567–4569. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1221-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1221-3"><bdi>978-81-260-1221-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ishwarchandra+Vidyasagar&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Indian+Literature&rft.pages=4567-4569&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-260-1221-3&rft.aulast=Lal&rft.aufirst=Mohan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKnPoYxrRfc0C%26pg%3DPA4567&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vidyasagar-jibancharit O Bhramnirash</i>, Bidyaratna, Shambhuchandra, BookLand Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta, 1947, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vidyasagar Ed. 4th</i>, Sarkar,<a href="/wiki/Biharilal_Sarkar" title="Biharilal Sarkar">Biharilal</a>, Calcutta, 1922, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vidyasagar Charit</i>, Bandyopadhyay, Narayan, The Calcutta Library , 1891, p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boloji.com/articles/7697/ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar">"Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar: A Profile of the Philanthropic Protagonist by Aparna Chatterjee"</a>. <i>www.boloji.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.boloji.com&rft.atitle=Ishwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar%3A+A+Profile+of+the+Philanthropic+Protagonist+by+Aparna+Chatterjee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boloji.com%2Farticles%2F7697%2Fishwar-chandra-vidyasagar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vivekananda.net/PDFBooks/BengalCelebs/IswarVidyasagar.html">"Ishwar Chandra Vidysagar"</a>. vivekananda.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ishwar+Chandra+Vidysagar&rft.pub=vivekananda.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vivekananda.net%2FPDFBooks%2FBengalCelebs%2FIswarVidyasagar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021118094324/http://www.hinduweb.org/home/children_and_youth/omnnagarajan/filename6.html">"Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar"</a>. hinduweb.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hinduweb.org/home/children_and_youth/omnnagarajan/filename6.html">the original</a> on 18 November 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ishwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar&rft.pub=hinduweb.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hinduweb.org%2Fhome%2Fchildren_and_youth%2Fomnnagarajan%2Ffilename6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarkar, Nikhil [Sripantho] (1977) <i>Bat tala</i>. Calcutta: Ananda. p. 66. (in Bengali)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStark1916" class="citation book cs1">Stark, Herbert Aligk (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022211327/http://cslrepository.nvli.in/bitstream/123456789/3973/2/RB826.pdf"><i>Vernacular education in Bengal from 1813 to 1912</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Calcutta General Publishing Co. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cslrepository.nvli.in/bitstream/123456789/3973/2/RB826.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 22 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vernacular+education+in+Bengal+from+1813+to+1912&rft.pub=The+Calcutta+General+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Stark&rft.aufirst=Herbert+Aligk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcslrepository.nvli.in%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F3973%2F2%2FRB826.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiswas1993" class="citation news cs1">Biswas, A K (23 December 1993). "A Nation of Slow Learners". <i>The Telegraph</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=A+Nation+of+Slow+Learners&rft.date=1993-12-23&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=A+K&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mainstreamweekly.net/article1615.html">"Universalisation of Education: India in a Trap - Mainstream Weekly"</a>. <i>mainstreamweekly.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mainstreamweekly.net&rft.atitle=Universalisation+of+Education%3A+India+in+a+Trap+-+Mainstream+Weekly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmainstreamweekly.net%2Farticle1615.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartaman, Sharad Special Issue, Calcutta, 1411 B.S., p. 345.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jamtara.nic.in/history/">"Official Web of Jamtara, Govt. of Jharkhand"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Web+of+Jamtara%2C+Govt.+of+Jharkhand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjamtara.nic.in%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belurmath.org/gospel/chapter03.htm">"Visit to Vidyasagar"</a>. <i>Gospels of Sri Ramakrishna by M, translated by Swami Nikhilananda</i>. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Visit+to+Vidyasagar&rft.btitle=Gospels+of+Sri+Ramakrishna+by+M%2C+translated+by+Swami+Nikhilananda&rft.pages=37&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belurmath.org%2Fgospel%2Fchapter03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wbchse.nic.in/html/iswar_ch_vidyasagar.html">"Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar"</a>. <i>WBCHSE</i>. West Bengal Council for Higher Secondary Education<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WBCHSE&rft.atitle=Iswar+Chandra+Vidyasagar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwbchse.nic.in%2Fhtml%2Fiswar_ch_vidyasagar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eLwwBQAAQBAJ"><i>The Life And Times of Ramakrishna Parmahamsa</i></a> (1st ed.). Prabhat Prakashan. 1 August 2013. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8184302301" title="Special:BookSources/978-8184302301"><bdi>978-8184302301</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+And+Times+of+Ramakrishna+Parmahamsa&rft.pages=53&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Prabhat+Prakashan&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.isbn=978-8184302301&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeLwwBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ISB1-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ISB1_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">—<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3623345.stm">"Listeners name 'greatest Bengali'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 14 April 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Listeners+name+%27greatest+Bengali%27&rft.date=2004-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F3623345.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span><br />—<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHabib2004" class="citation news cs1">Habib, Haroon (17 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/2004/04/17/stories/2004041703001700.htm">"International : Mujib, Tagore, Bose among 'greatest Bengalis of all time'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=International+%3A+Mujib%2C+Tagore%2C+Bose+among+%27greatest+Bengalis+of+all+time%27&rft.date=2004-04-17&rft.aulast=Habib&rft.aufirst=Haroon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2F2004%2F04%2F17%2Fstories%2F2004041703001700.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span><br />—<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225011711/http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/04/16/d4041601066.htm">"Bangabandhu judged greatest Bangali of all time"</a>. <i>The Daily Star</i>. 16 April 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/04/16/d4041601066.htm">the original</a> on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Bangabandhu+judged+greatest+Bangali+of+all+time&rft.date=2004-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.thedailystar.net%2F2004%2F04%2F16%2Fd4041601066.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Romesh_Dutt_1962_p._117-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Romesh_Dutt_1962_p._117_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dutt, Romesh (1962) <i>Cultural Heritage of Bengal</i>. Kolkata, Punthi Pustak. p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/File:Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1970_stamp_of_India.jpg" title="File:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1970 stamp of India.jpg">File:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1970 stamp of India.jpg</a>, <a href="/wiki/File:Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar_1998_stamp_of_India.jpg" title="File:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1998 stamp of India.jpg">File:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1998 stamp of India.jpg</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadhuja_MukherjeeKaustav_Bakshi2020" class="citation book cs1">Madhuja Mukherjee; Kaustav Bakshi (9 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3NXpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP92"><i>Popular Cinema in Bengal: Genre, Stars, Public Cultures</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 92. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-00-044892-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-00-044892-4"><bdi>978-1-00-044892-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Cinema+in+Bengal%3A+Genre%2C+Stars%2C+Public+Cultures&rft.pages=92&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2020-06-09&rft.isbn=978-1-00-044892-4&rft.au=Madhuja+Mukherjee&rft.au=Kaustav+Bakshi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3NXpDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalika_Prasad_Ghosh1950" class="citation cs2">Kalika Prasad Ghosh (29 September 1950), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/vidyasagar-1950"><i>Vidyasagar(1950)</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vidyasagar%281950%29&rft.date=1950-09-29&rft.au=Kalika+Prasad+Ghosh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvidyasagar-1950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Indramitra, <i>Karunasagar Vidyasagar</i>, Ananda Publishers, Kolkata <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7215-040-7" title="Special:BookSources/81-7215-040-7">81-7215-040-7</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaldar1997" class="citation book cs1">Haldar, Gopal. (1997). Bishop, Donald H. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sGXRtaQklagC"><i>Thinkers of the Indian Renaissance</i></a> (Second ed.). N: New Age International. pp. 81–91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-224-1122-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-224-1122-5"><bdi>978-81-224-1122-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thinkers+of+the+Indian+Renaissance&rft.place=N&rft.pages=81-91&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-81-224-1122-5&rft.aulast=Haldar&rft.aufirst=Gopal.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsGXRtaQklagC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarkar2008" class="citation book cs1">Sarkar, Sumit (2008). "Vidyasagar and Brahmanical Society". In Sarkar, Sumit; Sarkar, Tanika (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GEPYbuzOwcQC"><i>Women and Social Reform in Modern India: A Reader</i></a>. Indiana University Press. pp. 118–145. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780253220493" title="Special:BookSources/9780253220493"><bdi>9780253220493</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vidyasagar+and+Brahmanical+Society&rft.btitle=Women+and+Social+Reform+in+Modern+India%3A+A+Reader&rft.pages=118-145&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780253220493&rft.aulast=Sarkar&rft.aufirst=Sumit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGEPYbuzOwcQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>ed. Dwijendra Bhowmik, "Janmadwishatabarshe Vidyasagar", Ananda Publishers,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%20Chandra%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%20C%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20I%2E%20C%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ishwar%20Chandra%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ishwar%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22I%2E%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ishwar%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ishwar%20Chandra%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ishwar%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22I%2E%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22I%2E%20Chandra%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%20Chandra%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%20C%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20I%2E%20C%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20I%2E%20Chandra%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ishwar%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ishwar%20Chandra%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ishwar%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20title%3A%22I%2E%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ishwar%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ishwar%20Chandra%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ishwar%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20description%3A%22I%2E%20C%2E%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%20Chandra%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%20C%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ishwar%20Vidyasagar%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Vidyasagar%2C%20Ishwar%22%29%20OR%20%28%221820-1891%22%20AND%20Vidyasagar%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isvar-Chandra-Vidyasagar">Isvar Chandra Vidyasagar</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutt1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Romesh_Chunder_Dutt" title="Romesh Chunder Dutt">Dutt, Romesh Chunder</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vidyasagar, Iswar Chandra"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Vidyasagar,_Iswar_Chandra">"Vidyasagar, Iswar Chandra" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vidyasagar%2C+Iswar+Chandra&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Dutt&rft.aufirst=Romesh+Chunder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIshwar+Chandra+Vidyasagar" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Bengali literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_poetry" title="Bengali poetry">Bengali poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bengal" title="Music of Bengal">Bengali music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangiya_Sahitya_Parishad" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangiya Sahitya Parishad">Bangiya Sahitya Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadralok" title="Bhadralok">Bhadralok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmoism" title="Brahmoism">Brahmoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Samaj" title="Brahmo Samaj">Brahmo Samaj</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Math" title="Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanam_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanam Sampraday">Mahanam Sampraday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Kazi_Nazrul_Islam" title="List of works by Kazi Nazrul Islam">Nazrul geeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Nritya_Natya" title="Rabindra Nritya Natya">Rabindra Nritya Natya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Sangeet" title="Rabindra Sangeet">Rabindra Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambad_Prabhakar" title="Sambad Prabhakar">Sambad Prabhakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyagraha" title="Satyagraha">Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Realization_Fellowship" title="Self-Realization Fellowship">Self-Realization Fellowship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yogoda_Satsanga_Society_of_India" title="Yogoda Satsanga Society of India">Yogoda Satsanga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadeshi_movement" title="Swadeshi movement">Swadeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattwabodhini_Patrika" title="Tattwabodhini Patrika">Tattwabodhini Patrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Bengal" title="Young Bengal">Young Bengal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_College" title="Chittagong College">Chittagong College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Statistical_Institute" title="Indian Statistical Institute">Indian Statistical Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_School,_Kolkata" title="Hindu School, Kolkata">Hindu School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadavpur_University" title="Jadavpur University">Jadavpur University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_University,_Kolkata" title="Presidency University, Kolkata">Presidency University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Calcutta" title="University of Calcutta">University of Calcutta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethune_College" title="Bethune College">Bethune College</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dhaka" title="University of Dhaka">University of Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visva-Bharati_University" title="Visva-Bharati University">Visva-Bharati University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcutta_School_of_Tropical_Medicine" title="Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine">Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964111#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964111#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964111#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083557402">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/9855806">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/8382/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdcypD7chQYtqb7PYGWDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104314575">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50025344">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11972502v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11972502v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35959508">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074477544">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90934576">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC202333307">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007301223705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0611459X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1163537">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027748766">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_independence_movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Template:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Template talk:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_independence_movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_India#Indian_independence_movement_(1885–1947)" title="History of India">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_India" title="Colonial India">Colonisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Porto Grande de Bengala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Bengal" title="Dutch Bengal">Dutch Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_India" title="French India">French India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Buxar" title="Battle of Buxar">Battle of Buxar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Mysore_Wars" title="Anglo-Mysore Wars">Anglo-Mysore Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="First Anglo-Mysore War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Second Anglo-Mysore War">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Third Anglo-Mysore War">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Fourth Anglo-Mysore War">Fourth</a></li></ul></li> <li>Anglo-Maratha Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="First Anglo-Maratha War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Second Anglo-Maratha War">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwalior_campaign" title="Gwalior campaign">Gwalior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygar_Wars" title="Polygar Wars">Polygar Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellore_Mutiny" title="Vellore Mutiny">Vellore Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasi_rebellion" title="Sannyasi rebellion">Sannyasi rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Line" title="Radcliffe Line">Radcliffe Line</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:British_India" title="Category:British India">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophies<br />and ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhism" title="Gandhism">Gandhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Indian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khilafat_Movement" title="Khilafat Movement">Khilafat Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">Muslim nationalism in South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyagraha" title="Satyagraha">Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_India" title="Socialism in India">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadeshi_movement" title="Swadeshi movement">Swadeshi movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaraj" title="Swaraj">Swaraj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and<br /> movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Sociologist" title="The Indian Sociologist">The Indian Sociologist</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Singapore_Mutiny" title="1915 Singapore Mutiny">Singapore Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaran_Satyagraha" title="Champaran Satyagraha">Champaran Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kheda_Satyagraha_of_1918" title="Kheda Satyagraha of 1918">Kheda Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Committee" title="Rowlatt Committee">Rowlatt Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Act" title="Rowlatt Act">Rowlatt Bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jallianwala_Bagh_massacre" title="Jallianwala Bagh massacre">Jallianwala Bagh massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noakhali_riots" title="Noakhali riots">Noakhali riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolie-Begar_movement" title="Coolie-Begar movement">Coolie-Begar movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauri_Chaura_incident" title="Chauri Chaura incident">Chauri Chaura incident, 1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qissa_Khwani_massacre" title="Qissa Khwani massacre">Qissa Khwani massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Satyagraha" title="Flag Satyagraha">Flag Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardoli_Satyagraha" title="Bardoli Satyagraha">Bardoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Commission" title="Simon Commission">1928 Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru_Report" title="Nehru Report">Nehru Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Points_of_Jinnah" title="Fourteen Points of Jinnah">Fourteen Points of Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_Swaraj" title="Purna Swaraj">Purna Swaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_March" title="Salt March">Salt March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharasana_Satyagraha" title="Dharasana Satyagraha">Dharasana Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedaranyam_March" title="Vedaranyam March">Vedaranyam March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_armoury_raid" title="Chittagong armoury raid">Chittagong armoury raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi%E2%80%93Irwin_Pact" title="Gandhi–Irwin Pact">Gandhi–Irwin Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Table_Conferences_(India)" title="Round Table Conferences (India)">Round table conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_India_Act_1935" title="Government of India Act 1935">Act of 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aundh_Experiment" title="Aundh Experiment">Aundh Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Legion" title="Indian Legion">Indian Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cripps_Mission" title="Cripps Mission">Cripps Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quit_India_Movement" title="Quit India Movement">Quit India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny" title="Royal Indian Navy mutiny">Bombay Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_strikes_of_1946" title="Royal Air Force strikes of 1946">Royal Air Force strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_Yanaon" title="Coup d'état of Yanaon">Coup d'état of Yanaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_India" title="Provisional Government of India">Provisional Government of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(India)" title="Independence Day (India)">Independence Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_States_Peoples%27_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="All India States Peoples' Conference">Praja Mandala movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_Pact" title="Lucknow Pact">Lucknow Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">All-India Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Movement" title="Ghadar Movement">Ghadar Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">Hindustan Socialist Republican Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_National_Congress" title="History of the Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Home_Rule_movement" title="Indian Home Rule movement">Indian Home Rule movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaksar_movement" title="Khaksar movement">Khaksar movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudai_Khidmatgar" title="Khudai Khidmatgar">Khudai Khidmatgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaraj_Party" title="Swaraj Party">Swaraj Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_movement" title="Category:Indian independence movement">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social<br />reformers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Vaidyanatha_Iyer" title="A. Vaidyanatha Iyer">A. Vaidyanatha Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayya_Vaikundar" title="Ayya Vaikundar">Ayya Vaikundar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyankali" title="Ayyankali">Ayyankali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">B. R. Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Amte" title="Baba Amte">Baba Amte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhondo_Keshav_Karve" title="Dhondo Keshav Karve">Dhondo Keshav Karve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Subramania_Iyer" title="G. Subramania Iyer">G. Subramania Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazulu_Lakshminarasu_Chetty" title="Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty">Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Ganesh_Agarkar" title="Gopal Ganesh Agarkar">Gopal Ganesh Agarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Hari_Deshmukh" title="Gopal Hari Deshmukh">Gopal Hari Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopaldas_Ambaidas_Desai" title="Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai">Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Kripalani" title="J. B. Kripalani">J. B. Kripalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotirao_Phule" title="Jyotirao Phule">Jyotirao Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandukuri_Veeresalingam" title="Kandukuri Veeresalingam">Kandukuri Veeresalingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadev_Govind_Ranade" title="Mahadev Govind Ranade">Mahadev Govind Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muthulakshmi_Reddy" title="Muthulakshmi Reddy">Muthulakshmi Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niralamba_Swami" title="Niralamba Swami">Niralamba Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandita_Ramabai" title="Pandita Ramabai">Pandita Ramabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyar" title="Periyar">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Mohan_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Mohan Roy">Ram Mohan Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rettamalai_Srinivasan" title="Rettamalai Srinivasan">Rettamalai Srinivasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahajanand_Saraswati" title="Sahajanand Saraswati">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitribai_Phule" title="Savitribai Phule">Savitribai Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahu_of_Kolhapur" title="Shahu of Kolhapur">Shahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Nivedita" title="Sister Nivedita">Sister Nivedita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ahmad_Khan" title="Syed Ahmad Khan">Syed Ahmad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vakkom_Moulavi" title="Vakkom Moulavi">Vakkom Moulavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinoba_Bhave" title="Vinoba Bhave">Vinoba Bhave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitthal_Ramji_Shinde" title="Vitthal Ramji Shinde">Vitthal Ramji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence<br /> activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Kalam_Azad" class="mw-redirect" title="Abul Kalam Azad">Abul Kalam Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accamma_Cherian" title="Accamma Cherian">Accamma Cherian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achyut_Patwardhan" title="Achyut Patwardhan">Achyut Patwardhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluri_Sitarama_Raju" title="Alluri Sitarama Raju">Alluri Sitarama Raju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Maharana" title="Annapurna Maharana">Annapurna Maharana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Besant" title="Annie Besant">Annie Besant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Singh" title="Kunwar Singh">Babu Kunwar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar" title="Bahadur Shah Zafar">Bahadur Shah II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakht_Khan" title="Bakht Khan">Bakht Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basawon_Singh" title="Basawon Singh">Basawon Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begum_Hazrat_Mahal" title="Begum Hazrat Mahal">Begum Hazrat Mahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharathidasan" title="Bharathidasan">Bharathidasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhikaiji_Cama" title="Bhikaiji Cama">Bhikaiji Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendra_Kumar_Datta" title="Bhupendra Kumar Datta">Bhupendra Kumar Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidhan_Chandra_Roy" title="Bidhan Chandra Roy">Bidhan Chandra Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Chandra_Pal" title="Bipin Chandra Pal">Bipin Chandra Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Rajagopalachari" title="C. Rajagopalachari">C. Rajagopalachari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_Azad" title="Chandra Shekhar Azad">Chandra Shekhar Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetram_Jatav" title="Chetram Jatav">Chetram Jatav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Das" title="Chittaranjan Das">Chittaranjan Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadabhai_Naoroji" title="Dadabhai Naoroji">Dadabhai Naoroji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhan_Singh" title="Dhan Singh">Dhan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukkipati_Nageswara_Rao" title="Dukkipati Nageswara Rao">Dukkipati Nageswara Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Gokhale" title="Gopal Krishna Gokhale">Gopal Krishna Gokhale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govind_Ballabh_Pant" title="Govind Ballabh Pant">Govind Ballabh Pant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemu_Kalani" title="Hemu Kalani">Hemu Kalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inayatullah_Khan_Mashriqi" title="Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi">Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Mohan_Sengupta" title="Jatindra Mohan Sengupta">Jatindra Mohan Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Nath_Das" title="Jatindra Nath Das">Jatindra Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Kamaraj" title="K. Kamaraj">K. Kamaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaiyalal_Maneklal_Munshi" title="Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi">Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Ghaffar_Khan" title="Abdul Ghaffar Khan">Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudiram_Bose" title="Khudiram Bose">Khudiram Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Krishna_Sinha" title="Shri Krishna Sinha">Shri Krishna Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai" title="Lala Lajpat Rai">Lala Lajpat Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Bhaktavatsalam" title="M. Bhaktavatsalam">M. Bhaktavatsalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghfoor_Ahmad_Ajazi" title="Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi">Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadaji_Shinde" title="Mahadaji Shinde">Mahadaji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_Pandey" title="Mangal Pandey">Mangal Pandey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Qasim" title="Mir Qasim">Mir Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithuben_Petit" title="Mithuben Petit">Mithuben Petit‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jauhar" title="Mohammad Ali Jauhar">Mohammad Ali Jauhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mian_Mansoor_Ansari" title="Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari">Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagnath_Naikwadi" title="Nagnath Naikwadi">Nagnath Naikwadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Fadnavis" title="Nana Fadnavis">Nana Fadnavis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Saheb_Peshwa_II" title="Nana Saheb Peshwa II">Nana Saheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Kakkan" title="P. Kakkan">P. Kakkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Chaki" title="Prafulla Chaki">Prafulla Chaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritilata_Waddedar" title="Pritilata Waddedar">Pritilata Waddedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purushottam_Das_Tandon" title="Purushottam Das Tandon">Purushottam Das Tandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafi_Ahmed_Kidwai" title="Rafi Ahmed Kidwai">Rafi Ahmed Kidwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaswamy_Venkataraman" title="Ramaswamy Venkataraman">R. Venkataraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahul_Sankrityayan" title="Rahul Sankrityayan">Rahul Sankrityayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Prasad" title="Rajendra Prasad">Rajendra Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Prasad_Bismil" title="Ram Prasad Bismil">Ram Prasad Bismil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_of_Jhansi" title="Rani of Jhansi">Rani Lakshmibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahajanand_Saraswati" title="Sahajanand Saraswati">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangolli_Rayanna" title="Sangolli Rayanna">Sangolli Rayanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarojini_Naidu" title="Sarojini Naidu">Sarojini Naidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyapal_Dang" title="Satyapal Dang">Satyapal Dang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuja-ud-Daula" title="Shuja-ud-Daula">Shuja-ud-Daula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_of_Pagaro_VI" title="Pir of Pagaro VI">Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siraj_ud-Daulah" class="mw-redirect" title="Siraj ud-Daulah">Siraj ud-Daulah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramania_Bharati" title="Subramania Bharati">Subramania Bharati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramaniya_Siva" title="Subramaniya Siva">Subramaniya Siva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Sen" title="Surya Sen">Surya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Prasad_Mukherjee" title="Syama Prasad Mukherjee">Syama Prasad Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tara_Rani_Srivastava" title="Tara Rani Srivastava">Tara Rani Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatya_Tope" title="Tatya Tope">Tatya Tope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruppur_Kumaran" title="Tiruppur Kumaran">Tiruppur Kumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaidullah_Sindhi" title="Ubaidullah Sindhi">Ubaidullah Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._O._Chidambaram_Pillai" title="V. O. Chidambaram Pillai">V. O. Chidamabaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Krishna_Menon" title="V. K. Krishna Menon">V. K. Krishna Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabhbhai_Patel" title="Vallabhbhai Patel">Vallabhbhai Patel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchinathan" title="Vanchinathan">Vanchinathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeran_Sundaralingam" title="Veeran Sundaralingam">Veeran Sundaralingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Virendranath Chattopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashwantrao_Holkar" title="Yashwantrao Holkar">Yashwantrao Holkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogendra_Shukla" title="Yogendra Shukla">Yogendra Shukla</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_activists" title="Category:Indian independence activists">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Wavell,_1st_Earl_Wavell" title="Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell">Wavell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Canning,_1st_Earl_Canning" title="Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis" title="Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis">Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax" title="Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax">Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Thesiger,_1st_Viscount_Chelmsford" title="Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston">Curzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound,_1st_Earl_of_Minto" title="Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto">Minto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Broun-Ramsay,_1st_Marquess_of_Dalhousie" title="James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie">Dalhousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_William_Bentinck" title="Lord William Bentinck">Bentinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Mountbatten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wellesley,_1st_Marquess_Wellesley" title="Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bulwer-Lytton,_1st_Earl_of_Lytton" title="Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton">Lytton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Clive" title="Robert Clive">Clive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Outram,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet">Outram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Cripps" title="Stafford Cripps">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hope,_2nd_Marquess_of_Linlithgow" title="Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow">Linlithgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Hastings" title="Warren Hastings">Hastings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Cabinet_Mission_to_India" title="1946 Cabinet Mission to India">Cabinet Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_India_(1947%E2%80%93present)" title="History of India (1947–present)">Republic of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Goa" title="Annexation of Goa">Indian annexation of Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947" title="Indian Independence Act 1947">Indian Independence Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_integration_of_India" title="Political integration of India">Political integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Conference" title="Simla Conference">Simla Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&oldid=1258809622">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar&oldid=1258809622</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Category:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar">Ishwar Chandra 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