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[{"id":44624837,"identifier":"Attachment_44624837","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":24289875,"created_at":"2016-04-11T06:30:27.792-07:00","from_world_paper_id":151797139,"updated_at":"2024-11-17T02:40:00.318-08:00","_data":{"grobid_abstract":"The morphology of postcranial articular surfaces is expected to reflect their weight-bearing properties, as well as the stability and mobility of the articulations to which they contribute. Previous studies have mainly confirmed earlier predictions of isometric scaling between articular surface areas and body mass; the exception to this is 'male-type', convex articular surface areas, which may scale allometrically due to differences in locomotor strategies within the analysed samples. In the present study, we used new surface scanning technology to quantify more accurately articular surface areas and to test those predictions within the talus of hominoid primates, including modern humans. Our results, contrary to predictions, suggest that there are no generalised rules of articular scaling within the talus of hominoids. Instead, we suggest that articular scaling patterns are highly context-specific, depending on the role of each articulation during locomotion, as well as taxon-and sex-specific differences in locomotion and ontogenetic growth trajectories within any given sample. While this may prove problematic for inferring body mass based on articular surface area, it also offers new opportunities of gaining substantial insights into the locomotor patterns of extinct species.","publication_date":"2011,,","publication_name":"Journal of Anatomy","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"44624837"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Inter- and intra-specific scaling of articular surface areas in the hominoid talus","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [46816853]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" 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style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Inter- and intra-specific scaling of articular surface areas in the hominoid talus</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46816853" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HelenChatterjee1"><img alt="Profile image of Helen Chatterjee" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Helen Chatterjee</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, Journal of Anatomy</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" 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data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="13208683" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13208683/Interspecific_scaling_patterns_of_talar_articular_surfaces_within_primates_and_their_closest_living_relatives">Interspecific scaling patterns of talar articular surfaces within primates and their closest living relatives</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32463730" href="https://duke.academia.edu/GabrielYapuncich">Gabriel Yapuncich</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Anatomy, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Interspecific scaling patterns of talar articular surfaces within primates and their closest living relatives","attachmentId":45589925,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13208683/Interspecific_scaling_patterns_of_talar_articular_surfaces_within_primates_and_their_closest_living_relatives","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13208683/Interspecific_scaling_patterns_of_talar_articular_surfaces_within_primates_and_their_closest_living_relatives"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="7195831" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7195831/Three_dimensional_shape_variation_of_talar_surface_morphology_in_hominoid_primates">Three-dimensional shape variation of talar surface morphology in hominoid primates</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="191201" href="https://une-au.academia.edu/StephenWroe">Stephen Wroe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The hominoid foot is of particular interest to biological anthropologists, as changes in its anatomy through time reflect the adoption of terrestrial locomotion, particularly in species of Australopithecus and Homo. Understanding the osteological morphology associated with changes in whole foot function and the development of the plantar medial longitudinal foot arch are key to understanding the transition through habitual bipedalism in australopithecines to obligate bipedalism and long-distance running in Homo. The talus is ideal for studying relationships between morphology and function in this context, as it is a major contributor to the adduction–abduction, plantar–dorsal flexion and inversion–eversion of the foot, and transmits all forces encountered from the foot to the leg. The talar surface is predominantly covered by articular facets, which have different quantifiable morphological characters, including surface area, surface curvature and orientation. The talus also presents challenges to the investigator, as its globular shape is very difficult to quantify accurately and reproducibly. Here we apply a three-dimensional approach using type 3 landmarks (slid semilandmarks) that are geometrically homologous to determine overall talar shape variations in a range of living and fossil hominoid taxa. Additionally, we use novel approaches to quantify the relative orientations and curvatures of talar articular facets by determining the principal vectors of facet orientation and fitting spheres to articular facets. The resulting metrics are analysed using phylogenetic regressions and principal components analyses. Our results suggest that articular surface curvatures reflect locomotor specialisations with, in particular, orang-utans having more highly curved facets in all but the calcaneal facet. Similarly, our approach to quantifying articular facet orientation appears to be effective in discriminating between extant hominoid species, and may therefore provide a sound basis for the study of fossil taxa and evolution of bipedalism in Australopithecus and Homo.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Three-dimensional shape variation of talar surface morphology in hominoid primates","attachmentId":34589609,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7195831/Three_dimensional_shape_variation_of_talar_surface_morphology_in_hominoid_primates","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7195831/Three_dimensional_shape_variation_of_talar_surface_morphology_in_hominoid_primates"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="98608198" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98608198/Talar_trochlear_morphology_may_not_be_a_good_skeletal_indicator_of_locomotor_behavior_in_humans_and_great_apes">Talar trochlear morphology may not be a good skeletal indicator of locomotor behavior in humans and great apes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20803822" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaomichiOgihara">Naomichi Ogihara</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Scientific Reports</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">To reconstruct locomotor behaviors of fossil hominins and understand the evolution of bipedal locomotion in the human lineage, it is important to clarify the functional morphology of the talar trochlea in humans and extant great apes. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the interspecific-differences of the talar trochlear morphology among humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans by means of cone frustum approximation to calculate an apical angle and geometric morphometrics for detailed variability in the shape of the talar trochlea. The apical angles in gorillas and orangutans were significantly greater than those in humans and chimpanzees, but no statistical difference was observed between humans and chimpanzees, indicating that the apical angle did not necessarily correspond with the degree of arboreality in hominoids. The geometric morphometrics revealed clear interspecific differences in the trochlear morphology, but no clear association between the morphologi...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Talar trochlear morphology may not be a good skeletal indicator of locomotor behavior in humans and great apes","attachmentId":99912076,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98608198/Talar_trochlear_morphology_may_not_be_a_good_skeletal_indicator_of_locomotor_behavior_in_humans_and_great_apes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98608198/Talar_trochlear_morphology_may_not_be_a_good_skeletal_indicator_of_locomotor_behavior_in_humans_and_great_apes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="13208677" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13208677/Evolution_of_postural_diversity_in_primates_as_reflected_by_the_size_and_shape_of_the_medial_tibial_facet_of_the_talus">Evolution of postural diversity in primates as reflected by the size and shape of the medial tibial facet of the talus</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32463730" href="https://duke.academia.edu/GabrielYapuncich">Gabriel Yapuncich</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="171211" href="https://dmu-com.academia.edu/RachelHDunn">Rachel H Dunn</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American journal of physical anthropology, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Comprehensive quantification of the shape and proportions of the medial tibial facet (MTF) of the talus (=astragalus) has been lacking for Primates and their closest relatives. In this study, aspects of MTF form were quantified and employed to test hypotheses about their functional and phylogenetic significance. The following hypotheses influence perceptions of primate evolutionary history but are due for more rigorous assessment: 1) A relatively large MTF distinguishes &quot;prosimians&quot; (strepsirrhines and tarsiers) from anthropoids and non-primate euarchontans; 2) the distinctive form of the &quot;prosimian&quot; MTF is a correlate of locomotor tendencies that emphasize use of vertical and small diameter supports in conjunction with inverted, abducted foot postures; and 3) the &quot;prosimian&quot; MTF form arose along the primate stem lineage and was present in the euprimate common ancestor. Three-dimensional (3D) scanning was used to create scale digital models of tali (n =...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Evolution of postural diversity in primates as reflected by the size and shape of the medial tibial facet of the talus","attachmentId":45589949,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13208677/Evolution_of_postural_diversity_in_primates_as_reflected_by_the_size_and_shape_of_the_medial_tibial_facet_of_the_talus","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13208677/Evolution_of_postural_diversity_in_primates_as_reflected_by_the_size_and_shape_of_the_medial_tibial_facet_of_the_talus"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="492122" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/492122/Aspects_of_size_and_scaling_in_primate_biology_with_special_reference_to_the_locomotor_skeleton">Aspects of size and scaling in primate biology with special reference to the locomotor skeleton</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="104860" href="https://sbsuny.academia.edu/WilliamJungers">William Jungers</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1984</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Aspects of size and scaling in primate biology with special reference to the locomotor skeleton","attachmentId":51386534,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/492122/Aspects_of_size_and_scaling_in_primate_biology_with_special_reference_to_the_locomotor_skeleton","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/492122/Aspects_of_size_and_scaling_in_primate_biology_with_special_reference_to_the_locomotor_skeleton"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="211791" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/211791/The_cross_sectional_geometry_of_the_hand_and_foot_bones_of_the_Hominoidea_and_its_relationship_to_locomotor_behavior">The cross-sectional geometry of the hand and foot bones of the Hominoidea and its relationship to locomotor behavior</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="125165" href="https://unipi.academia.edu/DamianoMarchi">Damiano Marchi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">"Cheiridia are valuable indicators of positional behavior, as they directly contact the substrate, but systematic comparison of the structural properties of both metacarpals and metatarsals has never been carried out. Differences in locomotor behavior among the great apes (knuckle-walking vs. quadrumanous climbing) can produce biomechanical differences that may be elucidated by the parallel study of cross-sectional characteristics of metacarpals and metatarsals. The aim of this work is to study the cross-sectional geometric properties of these bones and their correlation with locomotor behavior in large-bodied hominoids. The comparisons between bending moments of metacarpals and metatarsals of the same ray furnished interesting results. Metacarpals III and especially IV of the knuckle-walking African apes were relatively stronger than those of humans and orangutans, and metatarsal V of humans was relatively stronger than those of the great apes. Interestingly, the relative robusticity of the metacarpal IV of the quadrumanous orangutan was between that of the African apes and that of humans. The main conclusions of the study are: 1) cross-sectional dimensions of metacarpals and metatarsals are influenced by locomotor modes in great apes and humans; 2) interlimb comparisons of cross-sectional properties of metacarpals and metatarsals are good indicators of locomotor modes in great apes and humans; and 3) the results of this study are in accord with those of previous analyses of plantar pressure and morphofunctional traits of the same bones, and with behavioral studies. These results provide a data base from which it will be possible to compare the morphology of the fossils in order to gain insight into the locomotor repertoires of extinct taxa."</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The cross-sectional geometry of the hand and foot bones of the Hominoidea and its relationship to locomotor behavior","attachmentId":659439,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/211791/The_cross_sectional_geometry_of_the_hand_and_foot_bones_of_the_Hominoidea_and_its_relationship_to_locomotor_behavior","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/211791/The_cross_sectional_geometry_of_the_hand_and_foot_bones_of_the_Hominoidea_and_its_relationship_to_locomotor_behavior"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="114485554" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114485554/Trabecular_Bone_Structure_Correlates_with_Hand_Posture_and_Use_in_Hominoids">Trabecular Bone Structure Correlates with Hand Posture and Use in Hominoids</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="269084807" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HuynhNguyen281">Huynh Nguyen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLoS ONE, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Trabecular Bone Structure Correlates with Hand Posture and Use in Hominoids","attachmentId":111172123,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114485554/Trabecular_Bone_Structure_Correlates_with_Hand_Posture_and_Use_in_Hominoids","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114485554/Trabecular_Bone_Structure_Correlates_with_Hand_Posture_and_Use_in_Hominoids"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="7656587" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7656587/The_functional_morphology_of_weight_bearing_limb_joint_surface_area_allometry_in_anthropoid_primates">The functional morphology of weight bearing: limb joint surface area allometry in anthropoid primates</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="163820" href="https://brown.academia.edu/SharonSwartz">Sharon M Swartz</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The functional morphology of weight bearing: limb joint surface area allometry in anthropoid primates","attachmentId":34194832,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7656587/The_functional_morphology_of_weight_bearing_limb_joint_surface_area_allometry_in_anthropoid_primates","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7656587/The_functional_morphology_of_weight_bearing_limb_joint_surface_area_allometry_in_anthropoid_primates"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="999391" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/999391/Modeling_the_biomechanics_of_articular_eminence_function_in_anthropoid_primates">Modeling the biomechanics of articular eminence function in anthropoid primates</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="316676" href="https://uark.academia.edu/ClaireTerhune">Claire Terhune</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">One of the most prominent features of the cranial component of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the articular eminence (AE). This bar of bone is the primary surface upon which the condyle translates and rotates during movements of the mandible, and is therefore the primary point at which forces are transmitted from the mandible to the cranium during loading of the masticatory apparatus. The shape of the articular eminence is highly variable across primates, and the raised eminence of humans has often been considered a defining feature of the human TMJ, yet few data exist to address whether this variation is functionally significant. This study used a broad interspecific sample of anthropoid primates to elaborate upon and test the predictions of a previously proposed model of AE function. This model suggests that AE inclination acts to resist non-normal forces at the TMJ thereby maximizing bite forces. Articular eminence inclination was predicted to covary with two specific features of the masticatory apparatus: height of the TMJ above the occlusal plane and inclination of the masticatory muscles. A correlate of this model is that taxa utilizing more resistant food objects should also exhibit relatively more inclined AEs. Results of the correlation analyses found that AE inclination is strongly correlated with height of the TMJ above the occlusal plane, but less so with inclination of the masticatory muscles. Furthermore, pairwise comparisons of closely related taxa with documented dietary differences found that the AE is consistently more inclined in taxa that utilize more resistant food items. These data preliminarily suggest that variation in AE morphology across anthropoid primates is functionally related to maximizing bite forces, and add to the growing dataset of masticatory morphologies linked to feeding behavior.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Modeling the biomechanics of articular eminence function in anthropoid primates","attachmentId":8534502,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/999391/Modeling_the_biomechanics_of_articular_eminence_function_in_anthropoid_primates","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/999391/Modeling_the_biomechanics_of_articular_eminence_function_in_anthropoid_primates"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="211794" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/211794/Relative_strength_of_the_tibia_and_fibula_and_locomotor_behavior_in_hominoids">Relative strength of the tibia and fibula and locomotor behavior in hominoids</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="125165" href="https://unipi.academia.edu/DamianoMarchi">Damiano Marchi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">"The fibula has rarely been considered in comparative morphological studies, probably due to its relatively minor role in carrying mechanical loads. However, some differences in morphology (and inferred function) of the fibula between humans and apes, and within apes, have been noted and related to differences in positional behavior. Therefore, the study of tibiofibular relations may be useful in characterizing such differences. This study examines cross-sectional geometric (CSG) properties (cortical area and polar section modulus, Zp) of the tibia and fibula at mid-diaphysis across a sample (n ¼ 87) of humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and gibbons. The fibula is compared against the tibia in the different taxa. The results indicate that the robusticity of the fibula relative to that of the tibia can be explained in terms of differences in positional behavior. In particular, hominoids that are more arboreal (i.e., gibbons, orangutans, and chimpanzees) possess a relatively more robust fibula than do hominoids that are more terrestrial (i.e., gorillas and humans). The difference appears to be a consequence of the more mobile fibula and more adducted position of the hindlimb necessary in an arboreal environment. Apart from providing the first CSG data on the fibula, these results may be helpful in reconstructing the locomotor behavior of fossil hominoids."</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Relative strength of the tibia and fibula and locomotor behavior in hominoids","attachmentId":659442,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/211794/Relative_strength_of_the_tibia_and_fibula_and_locomotor_behavior_in_hominoids","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/211794/Relative_strength_of_the_tibia_and_fibula_and_locomotor_behavior_in_hominoids"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":44624837,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":44624837,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_44624837" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="1827389" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1827389/Brief_communication_Paleobiological_inferences_on_the_locomotor_repertoire_of_extinct_hominoids_based_on_femoral_neck_cortical_thickness_The_fossil_great_ape_">Brief communication: Paleobiological inferences on the locomotor repertoire of extinct hominoids based on femoral neck cortical thickness: The fossil great ape …</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1155370" 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ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1827389/Brief_communication_Paleobiological_inferences_on_the_locomotor_repertoire_of_extinct_hominoids_based_on_femoral_neck_cortical_thickness_The_fossil_great_ape_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="3594728" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3594728/Growth_and_development_of_the_hominoid_shoulder_girdle_can_ontogeny_tell_us_about_locomotor_ancestry">Growth and development of the hominoid shoulder girdle: can ontogeny tell us about locomotor ancestry?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3891289" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/ABarros">Anna Barros</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Growth and development of the hominoid shoulder girdle: can ontogeny tell us about locomotor ancestry?","attachmentId":31294232,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3594728/Growth_and_development_of_the_hominoid_shoulder_girdle_can_ontogeny_tell_us_about_locomotor_ancestry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3594728/Growth_and_development_of_the_hominoid_shoulder_girdle_can_ontogeny_tell_us_about_locomotor_ancestry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="117132512" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117132512/Brief_communication_Paleobiological_inferences_on_the_locomotor_repertoire_of_extinct_hominoids_based_on_femoral_neck_cortical_thickness_The_fossil_great_ape_hispanopithecus_laietanus_as_a_test_case_study">Brief communication: Paleobiological inferences on the locomotor repertoire of extinct hominoids based on femoral neck cortical thickness: The fossil great ape hispanopithecus laietanus as a test‐case study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2571355" href="https://icp-cat.academia.edu/DavidAlba">David Alba</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Brief communication: Paleobiological inferences on the locomotor repertoire of extinct hominoids based on femoral neck cortical thickness: The fossil great ape hispanopithecus laietanus as a test‐case study","attachmentId":113069530,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117132512/Brief_communication_Paleobiological_inferences_on_the_locomotor_repertoire_of_extinct_hominoids_based_on_femoral_neck_cortical_thickness_The_fossil_great_ape_hispanopithecus_laietanus_as_a_test_case_study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117132512/Brief_communication_Paleobiological_inferences_on_the_locomotor_repertoire_of_extinct_hominoids_based_on_femoral_neck_cortical_thickness_The_fossil_great_ape_hispanopithecus_laietanus_as_a_test_case_study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="1120258" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1120258/Does_Skeletal_Anatomy_Reflect_Adaptation_to_Locomotor_Patterns_Cortical_and_Trabecular_Architecture_in_Human_and_Nonhuman_Anthropoids">Does Skeletal Anatomy Reflect Adaptation to Locomotor Patterns? 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Cortical and Trabecular Architecture in Human and Nonhuman Anthropoids","attachmentId":31316168,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1120258/Does_Skeletal_Anatomy_Reflect_Adaptation_to_Locomotor_Patterns_Cortical_and_Trabecular_Architecture_in_Human_and_Nonhuman_Anthropoids","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1120258/Does_Skeletal_Anatomy_Reflect_Adaptation_to_Locomotor_Patterns_Cortical_and_Trabecular_Architecture_in_Human_and_Nonhuman_Anthropoids"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="23568937" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23568937/Conarticular_Congruence_of_the_Hominoid_Subtalar_Joint_Complex_with_Implications_for_Joint_Function_in_Plio_Pleistocene_Hominins">Conarticular Congruence of the Hominoid Subtalar Joint Complex with Implications for Joint Function in Plio-Pleistocene Hominins</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11659872" href="https://wustl.academia.edu/ThomasPrang">Thomas C Prang</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Conarticular Congruence of the Hominoid Subtalar Joint Complex with Implications for Joint Function in Plio-Pleistocene Hominins","attachmentId":43993585,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23568937/Conarticular_Congruence_of_the_Hominoid_Subtalar_Joint_Complex_with_Implications_for_Joint_Function_in_Plio_Pleistocene_Hominins","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23568937/Conarticular_Congruence_of_the_Hominoid_Subtalar_Joint_Complex_with_Implications_for_Joint_Function_in_Plio_Pleistocene_Hominins"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="11389552" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11389552/Allometric_scaling_and_locomotor_function_in_the_primate_pelvis">Allometric scaling and locomotor function in the primate pelvis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="285114" href="https://usc.academia.edu/KristiLewton">Kristi L Lewton</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Allometric scaling and locomotor function in the primate pelvis","attachmentId":36949807,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11389552/Allometric_scaling_and_locomotor_function_in_the_primate_pelvis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5261131" href="https://uwa.academia.edu/charlesoxnard">charles oxnard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1974</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The form of the talus in some higher primates: A multivariate study","attachmentId":41950384,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20517937/The_form_of_the_talus_in_some_higher_primates_A_multivariate_study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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Shaw</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLoS One</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Unique Suites of Trabecular Bone Features Characterize Locomotor Behavior in Human and Non-Human Anthropoid Primates","attachmentId":30997229,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1795451/Unique_Suites_of_Trabecular_Bone_Features_Characterize_Locomotor_Behavior_in_Human_and_Non_Human_Anthropoid_Primates","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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href="https://sbsuny.academia.edu/WilliamJungers">William Jungers</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Human Evolution, 1988</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Relative joint size and hominoid locomotor adaptations with implications for the evolution of hominid bipedalism","attachmentId":51386533,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/492124/Relative_joint_size_and_hominoid_locomotor_adaptations_with_implications_for_the_evolution_of_hominid_bipedalism","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Anatomical Record</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Forelimb to hindlimb shape covariance in extant hominoids and fossil hominins","attachmentId":30540515,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2194233/Forelimb_to_hindlimb_shape_covariance_in_extant_hominoids_and_fossil_hominins","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2194233/Forelimb_to_hindlimb_shape_covariance_in_extant_hominoids_and_fossil_hominins"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span 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