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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Theories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distinctions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distinctions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Distinctions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distinctions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> 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class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Work of art</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 53 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A" title="عمل فني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عمل فني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_d%27arte" title="Obra d'arte – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Obra d'arte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nc%C9%99s%C9%99n%C9%99t_%C9%99s%C9%99ri" title="İncəsənət əsəri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İncəsənət əsəri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мастацкі твор – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мастацкі твор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мастацкі твор – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мастацкі твор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Произведение на изкуството – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Произведение на изкуството" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetni%C4%8Dko_djelo" title="Umjetničko djelo – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Umjetničko djelo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_d%27art" title="Obra d'art – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Obra d'art" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Хайлав – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хайлав" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Um%C4%9Bleck%C3%A9_d%C3%ADlo" title="Umělecké dílo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umělecké dílo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstv%C3%A6rk" title="Kunstværk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kunstværk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstwerk" title="Kunstwerk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kunstwerk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstiteos" title="Kunstiteos – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kunstiteos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Έργο τέχνης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έργο τέχνης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_de_arte" title="Obra de arte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Obra de arte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artverko" title="Artverko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Artverko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artelan" title="Artelan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Artelan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="اثر هنری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اثر هنری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%92uvre_d%27art" title="Œuvre d'art – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Œuvre d'art" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_de_arte" title="Obra de arte – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Obra de arte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%A0%ED%92%88" title="예술품 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="예술품" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB_%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Արվեստի ստեղծագործություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արվեստի ստեղծագործություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="कलाकृति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कलाकृति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetni%C4%8Dko_djelo" title="Umjetničko djelo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Umjetničko djelo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karya_seni" title="Karya seni – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Karya seni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_d%27arte" title="Opera d'arte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Opera d'arte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94" title="יצירה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יצירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Көркемөнер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көркемөнер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A8v_da" title="Zèv da – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Zèv da" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lar-ya" title="Lar-ya – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lar-ya" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opus_artis" title="Opus artis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Opus artis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meno_k%C5%ABrinys" title="Meno kūrinys – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Meno kūrinys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%B1alkot%C3%A1s" title="Műalkotás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Műalkotás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstwerk_(artistiek)" title="Kunstwerk (artistiek) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kunstwerk (artistiek)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E8%A1%93%E5%B7%A5%E8%8A%B8%E5%93%81" title="美術工芸品 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="美術工芸品" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Исбаьхьаллин кхоллам – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Исбаьхьаллин кхоллам" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE" title="ਕਲਾ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਲਾ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzie%C5%82o_sztuki" title="Dzieło sztuki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dzieło sztuki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_de_arte" title="Obra de arte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Obra de arte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Произведение искусства – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Произведение искусства" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="කලා කෘතිය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කලා කෘතිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umeleck%C3%A9_dielo" title="Umelecké dielo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umelecké dielo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umetnina" title="Umetnina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Umetnina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کاری ھونەری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کاری ھونەری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Уметничко дело – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Уметничко дело" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetni%C4%8Dko_djelo" title="Umjetničko djelo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Umjetničko djelo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taideteos" title="Taideteos – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taideteos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstverk" title="Konstverk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konstverk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanat_eseri" 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Work_of_art_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Work of art (disambiguation)">Work of art (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artwork_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Artwork (disambiguation)">Artwork (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Piece of art" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Peace_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="The Art of Peace (disambiguation)">Art of peace</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Artistic creation of aesthetic value</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:482px;max-width:482px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of <a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">paintings</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:304px;max-width:304px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:220px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg/302px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg" decoding="async" width="302" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg/453px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg/604px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_The_Four_Continents.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3158" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">"<a href="/wiki/The_Four_Continents" title="The Four Continents">The Four Continents</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:220px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg/172px-Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg/258px-Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg/344px-Madame_de_Pompadour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3672" data-file-height="4707" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">"A portrait of <a href="/wiki/Madame_de_Pompadour" title="Madame de Pompadour">Madame de Pompadour</a> and a dog at the foot of her shoes" by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:226px;max-width:226px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/224px-Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/336px-Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/448px-Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3973" data-file-height="2933" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">"<a href="/wiki/Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party" title="Luncheon of the Boating Party">Luncheon of the Boating Party</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir" title="Pierre-Auguste Renoir">Pierre-Auguste Renoir</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slave_dance_to_banjo,_1780s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Slave_dance_to_banjo%2C_1780s.jpg/250px-Slave_dance_to_banjo%2C_1780s.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Slave_dance_to_banjo%2C_1780s.jpg/375px-Slave_dance_to_banjo%2C_1780s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Slave_dance_to_banjo%2C_1780s.jpg/500px-Slave_dance_to_banjo%2C_1780s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="982" data-file-height="651" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">"<a href="/wiki/The_Old_Plantation" title="The Old Plantation">The Old Plantation</a>" attributed to John Rose</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:482px;max-width:482px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculptures</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:147px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg/136px-Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg/204px-Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg/272px-Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_sons_group.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8744" data-file-height="9502" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:103px;max-width:103px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:147px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg/101px-Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg/152px-Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg/202px-Michelangelo%27s_David_-_right_view_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6210" data-file-height="9099" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:120px;max-width:120px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:147px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg/118px-LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg/177px-LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg/236px-LouisXIV-Bernini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="919" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:113px;max-width:113px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:147px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg/111px-Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg/167px-Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg/222px-Statuette_Mambia_Nig%C3%A9ria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:482px;max-width:482px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:120px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_%28cropped%29.jpg/320px-The_Kiradu_Temples_in_perspective_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:100px;max-width:100px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:120px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stappoclasseaps.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stappoclasseaps.jpg/98px-Stappoclasseaps.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stappoclasseaps.jpg/147px-Stappoclasseaps.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stappoclasseaps.jpg/196px-Stappoclasseaps.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:130px;max-width:130px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:120px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syon_House_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Syon_House_2.jpg/128px-Syon_House_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Syon_House_2.jpg/192px-Syon_House_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Syon_House_2.jpg/256px-Syon_House_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="2576" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:120px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg/80px-Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg/120px-Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg/160px-Karla_caves_Chaitya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1620" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:482px;max-width:482px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of <a href="/wiki/Ceramic_art" title="Ceramic art">ceramic art</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:192px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg/132px-Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg/198px-Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg/264px-Getty_Villa_-_Mixing_Vessel_with_a_deceased_youth_-_inv.96.AE.117.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2120" data-file-height="3105" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:167px;max-width:167px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:192px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42,a_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42%2Ca_%28cropped%29.jpg/165px-%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42%2Ca_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42%2Ca_%28cropped%29.jpg/248px-%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42%2Ca_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42%2Ca_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-%E6%9F%93%E4%BB%98%E7%AB%B9%E6%96%87%E6%B0%B4%E6%8C%87-Water_Jar_with_Bamboo_MET_DP23117_93.3.42%2Ca_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1327" data-file-height="1550" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:192px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_%28cropped%29.jpg/169px-The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_%28cropped%29.jpg/254px-The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_%28cropped%29.jpg/338px-The_Music_Lesson_MET_DP-14272-001_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2573" data-file-height="2929" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:482px;max-width:482px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of <a href="/wiki/Mosaics" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaics">mosaics</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:146px;max-width:146px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sousse_neptune.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sousse_neptune.jpg/144px-Sousse_neptune.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sousse_neptune.jpg/216px-Sousse_neptune.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sousse_neptune.jpg/288px-Sousse_neptune.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1530" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:196px;max-width:196px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg/194px-%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg/291px-%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg/388px-%22The_good_Shepherd%22_mosaic_-_Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4179" data-file-height="2645" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:130px;max-width:130px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst,_Winter,_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst%2C_Winter%2C_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg/128px-Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst%2C_Winter%2C_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst%2C_Winter%2C_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg/192px-Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst%2C_Winter%2C_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst%2C_Winter%2C_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg/256px-Antwerpen_Jugendstil_Waterloostraat_Herfst%2C_Winter%2C_Zomer_en_Lente_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3551" data-file-height="3391" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:481px;max-width:481px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of <a href="/wiki/Furniture" title="Furniture">furniture</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:173px;max-width:173px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:127px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-henri_riesener,_com%C3%B2,_1770-80_ca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Jean-henri_riesener%2C_com%C3%B2%2C_1770-80_ca.jpg/171px-Jean-henri_riesener%2C_com%C3%B2%2C_1770-80_ca.jpg" decoding="async" width="171" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Jean-henri_riesener%2C_com%C3%B2%2C_1770-80_ca.jpg/257px-Jean-henri_riesener%2C_com%C3%B2%2C_1770-80_ca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Jean-henri_riesener%2C_com%C3%B2%2C_1770-80_ca.jpg/342px-Jean-henri_riesener%2C_com%C3%B2%2C_1770-80_ca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2388" data-file-height="1780" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:78px;max-width:78px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:127px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg/76px-HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg/114px-HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg/152px-HMF_Hermann_Kreuzer_Esszimmer-Bueffet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3720" data-file-height="6222" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:127px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alberto_issel,_salotto,_1902_ca._01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Alberto_issel%2C_salotto%2C_1902_ca._01.jpg/133px-Alberto_issel%2C_salotto%2C_1902_ca._01.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Alberto_issel%2C_salotto%2C_1902_ca._01.jpg/200px-Alberto_issel%2C_salotto%2C_1902_ca._01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Alberto_issel%2C_salotto%2C_1902_ca._01.jpg/266px-Alberto_issel%2C_salotto%2C_1902_ca._01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2280" data-file-height="2184" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:87px;max-width:87px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:127px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carved_African_chair_(27984212940).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Carved_African_chair_%2827984212940%29.jpg/85px-Carved_African_chair_%2827984212940%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Carved_African_chair_%2827984212940%29.jpg/128px-Carved_African_chair_%2827984212940%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Carved_African_chair_%2827984212940%29.jpg/170px-Carved_African_chair_%2827984212940%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:W._A._Mozart_-_Die_Zauberfl%C3%B6te_-_06._Hm,_hm,_hm_(Ferenc_Fricsay,_1953).ogg" title="File:W. A. Mozart - Die Zauberflöte - 06. Hm, hm, hm (Ferenc Fricsay, 1953).ogg"><i>Hm, hm, hm!</i></a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="370" data-mwtitle="W._A._Mozart_-_Die_Zauberflöte_-_06._Hm,_hm,_hm_(Ferenc_Fricsay,_1953).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/W._A._Mozart_-_Die_Zauberfl%C3%B6te_-_06._Hm%2C_hm%2C_hm_%28Ferenc_Fricsay%2C_1953%29.ogg/W._A._Mozart_-_Die_Zauberfl%C3%B6te_-_06._Hm%2C_hm%2C_hm_%28Ferenc_Fricsay%2C_1953%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/W._A._Mozart_-_Die_Zauberfl%C3%B6te_-_06._Hm%2C_hm%2C_hm_%28Ferenc_Fricsay%2C_1953%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Composed by <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart</a>, An example of <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, specifically <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Ada_Jones_and_Billy_Murray_-_Shine_On,_Harvest_Moon.ogg" title="File:Ada Jones and Billy Murray - Shine On, Harvest Moon.ogg"><i>Shine On, Harvest Moon</i></a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="126" data-mwtitle="Ada_Jones_and_Billy_Murray_-_Shine_On,_Harvest_Moon.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ada_Jones_and_Billy_Murray_-_Shine_On%2C_Harvest_Moon.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ada_Jones_and_Billy_Murray_-_Shine_On%2C_Harvest_Moon.ogg/Ada_Jones_and_Billy_Murray_-_Shine_On%2C_Harvest_Moon.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Performed by <a href="/wiki/Ada_Jones" title="Ada Jones">Ada Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Murray_(singer)" title="Billy Murray (singer)">Billy Murray</a>, another example of music, specifically early-1900s <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>A <b>work of art</b>, <b>artwork</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>art piece</b>, <b>piece of art</b> or <b>art object</b> is an artistic creation of <a href="/wiki/Aesthetics" title="Aesthetics">aesthetic</a> value. Except for "work of art", which may be used of any work regarded as <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a> in its widest sense, including works from <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, these terms apply principally to tangible, physical forms of <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">visual art</a>: </p> <ul><li>An example of <a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">fine art</a>, such as a <a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">painting</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a>.</li> <li>Objects in the <a href="/wiki/Decorative_arts" title="Decorative arts">decorative arts</a> or <a href="/wiki/Applied_arts" title="Applied arts">applied arts</a> that have been designed for aesthetic appeal, as well as any functional purpose, such as a piece of <a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">jewellery</a>, many <a href="/wiki/Ceramics" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceramics">ceramics</a> and much <a href="/wiki/Folk_art" title="Folk art">folk art</a>.</li> <li>An object created for principally or entirely functional, religious or other non-aesthetic reasons which has come to be appreciated as art (often later, or by <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural</a> outsiders).</li> <li>A non-ephemeral <a href="/wiki/Photograph" title="Photograph">photograph</a> or <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a>.</li> <li>A work of <a href="/wiki/Installation_art" title="Installation art">installation art</a> or <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">conceptual art</a>.</li></ul> <p>Used more broadly, the term is less commonly applied to: </p> <ul><li>A fine work of <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a> or <a href="/wiki/Landscape_design" title="Landscape design">landscape design</a></li> <li>A production of live <a href="/wiki/Performance" title="Performance">performance</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater">theater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">ballet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Performance_art" title="Performance art">performance art</a>, musical <a href="/wiki/Concert" title="Concert">concert</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performing arts</a>, and other ephemeral, non-tangible creations.</li></ul> <p>This article is concerned with the terms and concepts as used in and applied to the visual arts, although other fields such as <a href="/wiki/Aural" class="mw-redirect" title="Aural">aural</a>-music and written word-literature have similar issues and philosophies. The term <i><a href="/wiki/Objet_d%27art" title="Objet d'art">objet d'art</a></i> is reserved to describe works of art that are not paintings, prints, drawings or large or medium-sized sculptures, or architecture (e.g. household goods, figurines, etc., some purely aesthetic, some also practical). The term <i><b>oeuvre</b></i> is used to describe the complete body of work completed by an artist throughout a career.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>work of art</i> in the visual arts is a physical two- or three- dimensional object that is professionally determined or otherwise considered to fulfill a primarily independent <a href="/wiki/Aesthetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aesthetic">aesthetic</a> function. A singular art object is often seen in the context of a larger <a href="/wiki/Art_movement" title="Art movement">art movement</a> or artistic <a href="/wiki/Era" title="Era">era</a>, such as: a <a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">genre</a>, aesthetic <a href="/wiki/Convention_(norm)" title="Convention (norm)">convention</a>, <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a>, or regional-national distinction.<sup id="cite_ref-gell1998_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gell1998-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can also be seen as an item within an artist's "body of work" or <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oeuvre" class="extiw" title="wikt:oeuvre">oeuvre</a></i>. The term is commonly used by <a href="/wiki/Museum" title="Museum">museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage_management" title="Cultural heritage management">cultural heritage</a> <a href="/wiki/Curator" title="Curator">curators</a>, the interested public, the <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">art patron</a>-private <a href="/wiki/Art_collector" class="mw-redirect" title="Art collector">art collector</a> community, and <a href="/wiki/Art_gallery" title="Art gallery">art galleries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-macdonald2006_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macdonald2006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Physical objects that document immaterial or <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">conceptual art</a> works, but do not conform to artistic conventions, can be redefined and reclassified as art objects. Some <a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neo-Dada" title="Neo-Dada">Neo-Dada</a> conceptual and <a href="/wiki/Readymades_of_Marcel_Duchamp" title="Readymades of Marcel Duchamp">readymade</a> works have received later inclusion. Also, some <a href="/wiki/Architectural_rendering" title="Architectural rendering">architectural renderings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architectural_model" title="Architectural model">models</a> of unbuilt projects, such as by <a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Frank Gehry</a>, are other examples. </p><p>The products of <a href="/wiki/Environmental_design" title="Environmental design">environmental design</a>, depending on intention and execution, can be "works of art" and include: <a href="/wiki/Land_art" title="Land art">land art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Site-specific_art" title="Site-specific art">site-specific art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garden" title="Garden">gardens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landscape_architecture" title="Landscape architecture">landscape architecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Installation_art" title="Installation art">installation art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rock_art" title="Rock art">rock art</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalithic monuments</a>. </p><p>Legal definitions of "work of art" are used in <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> law; <i>see <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts#United_States_of_America_copyright_definition_of_visual_art" title="Visual arts">Visual arts § United States of America copyright definition of visual art</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theories">Theories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Theories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Theorists have argued that objects and people do not have a constant meaning, but their meanings are fashioned by humans in the context of their culture, as they have the ability to make things mean or signify something.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall19972_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall19972-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A prime example of this theory are the <a href="/wiki/Readymades_of_Marcel_Duchamp" title="Readymades of Marcel Duchamp">Readymades of Marcel Duchamp</a>. <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a> criticized the idea that the work of art must be a unique product of an artist's labour or skill through his "readymades": "mass-produced, commercially available, often utilitarian objects" to which he gave titles, designating them as artwork only through these processes of choosing and naming.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Artist <a href="/wiki/Michael_Craig-Martin" title="Michael Craig-Martin">Michael Craig-Martin</a>, creator of <i><a href="/wiki/An_Oak_Tree" title="An Oak Tree">An Oak Tree</a></i>, said of his work – "It's not a symbol. I have changed the physical substance of the glass of water into that of an oak tree. I didn't change its appearance. The actual <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak tree</a> is physically present, but in the form of a glass of water."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distinctions">Distinctions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distinctions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some <a href="/wiki/Art_criticism" title="Art criticism">art theorists</a> and writers have long made a distinction between the <a href="/wiki/Physical_art" title="Physical art">physical qualities of an art object</a> and its identity-status as an artwork.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, a painting by <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a> has a physical existence as an "<a href="/wiki/Oil_painting" title="Oil painting">oil painting</a> on canvas" that is separate from its identity as a <a href="/wiki/Masterpiece" title="Masterpiece">masterpiece</a> "work of art" or the artist's <i>magnum opus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many works of art are initially denied "museum quality" or artistic merit, and later become accepted and valued in museum and private collections. Works by the <a href="/wiki/Impressionists" class="mw-redirect" title="Impressionists">Impressionists</a> and non-representational <a href="/wiki/Abstract_art" title="Abstract art">abstract artists</a> are examples. Some, such as the <a href="/wiki/Readymades_of_Marcel_Duchamp" title="Readymades of Marcel Duchamp">readymades of Marcel Duchamp</a> including his infamous urinal <i><a href="/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp)" title="Fountain (Duchamp)">Fountain</a></i>, are later reproduced as museum quality replicas. </p><p>Research suggests that presenting an artwork in a museum context can affect the perception of it.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is an indefinite distinction, for current or historical aesthetic items: between "<a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">fine art</a>" objects made by "<a href="/wiki/Artist" title="Artist">artists</a>"; and <a href="/wiki/Folk_art" title="Folk art">folk art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Handicraft" title="Handicraft">craft-work</a>, or "<a href="/wiki/Applied_arts" title="Applied arts">applied art</a>" objects made by "first, second, or third-world" <a href="/wiki/Designer" title="Designer">designers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">artisans</a> and craftspeople. Contemporary and archeological <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_by_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Industrial_design" title="Industrial design">industrial design</a> items in limited or <a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a>, and places created by <a href="/wiki/Environmental_design" title="Environmental design">environmental designers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_landscape" title="Cultural landscape">cultural landscapes</a>, are some examples. The term has been consistently available for debate, reconsideration, and redefinition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-art" title="Anti-art">Anti-art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Artistic media">Artistic media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_artifact" title="Cultural artifact">Cultural artifact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_number" title="Opus number">Opus number</a> (used in music)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_aesthetics" title="Outline of aesthetics">Outline of aesthetics</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Work_of_Art_in_the_Age_of_Mechanical_Reproduction" title="The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction">The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_canon" title="Western canon">Western canon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mostly in <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/oeuvre">Oeuvre</a> Merriam Webster Dictionary, Accessed April 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gell1998-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gell1998_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGell1998" class="citation book cs1">Gell, Alfred (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artagencyanthrop0000gell/page/7"><i>Art and agency: an Anthropological Theory</i></a>. Clarendon Press. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-828014-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-828014-9"><bdi>0-19-828014-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+and+agency%3A+an+Anthropological+Theory&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-19-828014-9&rft.aulast=Gell&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fartagencyanthrop0000gell%2Fpage%2F7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWork+of+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-macdonald2006-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-macdonald2006_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacdonald2006" class="citation book cs1">Macdonald, Sharon (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5JjMrzTHCU8C&pg=PA52"><i>A Companion to Museum Studies</i></a>. Blackwell companions in cultural studies. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4051-0839-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4051-0839-8"><bdi>1-4051-0839-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Museum+Studies&rft.series=Blackwell+companions+in+cultural+studies&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4051-0839-8&rft.aulast=Macdonald&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5JjMrzTHCU8C%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWork+of+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hall19972-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hall19972_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hall, S (ed.) 1997, <i>Cultural Representations and Signifying Practice</i>, Open University Press, London, 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoMA:_The_Museum_of_Modern_Art" class="citation web cs1">MoMA: The Museum of Modern Art. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/dada/marcel-duchamp-and-the-readymade">"Marcel Duchamp and the Readymade"</a>. <i>MoMA: The Museum of Modern Art</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MoMA%3A+The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.atitle=Marcel+Duchamp+and+the+Readymade&rft.au=MoMA%3A+The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Fcollection%2Fterms%2Fdada%2Fmarcel-duchamp-and-the-readymade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWork+of+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110923112222/http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/theres-no-need-to-be-afraid-of-the-present-625001.html">"There's No Need to be Afraid of the Present"</a>, <i>The Independent</i>, 25 Jun 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090804100009/http://www.ftc.gov/opa/1995/08/gabos3.shtm">"FTC Wins $2.3 Million Judgment Against Gallery Owner In Phony Art Scam"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a>. August 11, 1995. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ftc.gov/opa/1995/08/gabos3.shtm">the original</a> on August 4, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FTC+Wins+%242.3+Million+Judgment+Against+Gallery+Owner+In+Phony+Art+Scam&rft.pub=Federal+Trade+Commission&rft.date=1995-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ftc.gov%2Fopa%2F1995%2F08%2Fgabos3.shtm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWork+of+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rembrandtresearchproject.org/">"Rembrandt Research Project - Home"</a>. <i>rembrandtresearchproject.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rembrandtresearchproject.org&rft.atitle=Rembrandt+Research+Project+-+Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rembrandtresearchproject.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWork+of+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSusanne_GrünerEva_SpeckerHelmut_Leder2019" class="citation journal cs1">Susanne Grüner; Eva Specker & Helmut Leder (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330414719">"Effects of Context and Genuineness in the Experience of Art"</a>. <i>Empirical Studies of the Arts</i>. <b>37</b> (2): 138–152. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0276237418822896">10.1177/0276237418822896</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:150115587">150115587</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Empirical+Studies+of+the+Arts&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Context+and+Genuineness+in+the+Experience+of+Art&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=138-152&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0276237418822896&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A150115587%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Susanne+Gr%C3%BCner&rft.au=Eva+Specker&rft.au=Helmut+Leder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F330414719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWork+of+art" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wollheim" title="Richard Wollheim">Wollheim, Richard</a>. <i><a href="//archive.org/details/artitsobjectswit0000woll" class="extiw" title="iarchive:artitsobjectswit0000woll">Art and Its Objects</a></i> (2nd ed) 1980. Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-29706-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-29706-0">0-521-29706-0</a>. The classic philosophical enquiry into what a work of art is.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Work_of_art&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/art_student" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:art student">art student</a></b></i>, <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/artwork" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:artwork">artwork</a></b></i>, <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/objet_d%27art" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:objet d'art">objet d'art</a></b></i>, or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/work_of_art" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:work of art">work of art</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Works_of_art" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Works of 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aesthetics" title="Template:Aesthetics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aesthetics" title="Template talk:Aesthetics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aesthetics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aesthetics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aesthetics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aesthetics" title="Aesthetics">Aesthetics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_aesthetics" title="Ancient aesthetics">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_aesthetic" title="African aesthetic">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_aesthetics" title="Indian aesthetics">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_aesthetic" title="Internet aesthetic">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aesthetics" title="Japanese aesthetics">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_art" title="Mathematics and art">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_aesthetics" title="Medieval aesthetics">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetics_of_music" title="Aesthetics of music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetics_of_nature" title="Aesthetics of nature">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetics_of_science" title="Aesthetics of science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_aesthetics" title="Theological aesthetics">Theology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aestheticism" title="Aestheticism">Aestheticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism#Aesthetics" title="Fascism">Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_aesthetics" title="Feminist aesthetics">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formalism_(art)" title="Formalism (art)">Formalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historicism_(art)" title="Historicism (art)">Historicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_aesthetics" title="Marxist aesthetics">Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">Postmodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychoanalytic_theory" title="Psychoanalytic theory">Psychoanalysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_Realism" title="Aesthetic Realism">Realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_visual_arts" title="Theosophy and visual arts">Theosophy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_movements" title="List of art movements">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._Adorno" title="Theodor W. Adorno">Adorno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti" title="Leon Battista Alberti">Alberti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bal%C3%A1zs" title="Béla Balázs">Balázs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Urs_von_Balthasar" title="Hans Urs von Balthasar">Balthasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Baudelaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baudrillard" title="Jean Baudrillard">Baudrillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gottlieb_Baumgarten" title="Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten">Baumgarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Bell" title="Clive Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._G._Collingwood" title="R. G. Collingwood">Collingwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Coomaraswamy" title="Ananda Coomaraswamy">Coomaraswamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Danto" title="Arthur Danto">Danto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Deleuze" title="Gilles Deleuze">Deleuze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Fry" title="Roger Fry">Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Goodman" title="Nelson Goodman">Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Greenberg" title="Clement Greenberg">Greenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Hanslick" title="Eduard Hanslick">Hanslick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Heidegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">Hume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Hutcheson_(philosopher)" title="Francis Hutcheson (philosopher)">Hutcheson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard" title="Søren Kierkegaard">Kierkegaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Klee" title="Paul Klee">Klee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Langer" title="Susanne Langer">Langer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Lipps" title="Theodor Lipps">Lipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xie" title="Liu Xie">Liu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Lyotard" title="Jean-François Lyotard">Lyotard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Man" title="Paul de Man">Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Maritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Merleau-Ponty" title="Maurice Merleau-Ponty">Merleau-Ponty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset" title="José Ortega y Gasset">Ortega y Gasset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">Orwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Pater" title="Walter Pater">Pater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ranci%C3%A8re" title="Jacques Rancière">Rancière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._A._Richards" title="I. A. Richards">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schopenhauer" title="Arthur Schopenhauer">Schopenhauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Scruton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Tagore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun%27ichir%C5%8D_Tanizaki" title="Jun'ichirō Tanizaki">Tanizaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Vasari" title="Giorgio Vasari">Vasari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Joachim_Winckelmann" title="Johann Joachim Winckelmann">Winckelmann</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_aestheticians" title="List of aestheticians">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appropriation_(art)" title="Appropriation (art)">Appropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_for_art%27s_sake" title="Art for art's sake">Art for art's sake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_manifesto" title="Art manifesto">Art manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_merit" title="Artistic merit">Artistic merit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">Avant-garde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty" title="Beauty">Beauty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feminine_beauty_ideal" title="Feminine beauty ideal">Feminine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masculine_beauty_ideal" title="Masculine beauty ideal">Masculine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_(style)" title="Camp (style)">Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creativity" title="Creativity">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuteness" title="Cuteness">Cuteness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depiction" title="Depiction">Depiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disgust" title="Disgust">Disgust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecstasy_(philosophy)" title="Ecstasy (philosophy)">Ecstasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegance" title="Elegance">Elegance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_emotions" title="Aesthetic emotions">Emotions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eroticism" title="Eroticism">Eroticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fun" title="Fun">Fun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaze" title="Gaze">Gaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmony" title="Harmony">Harmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humour" title="Humour">Humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_interpretation" title="Aesthetic interpretation">Interpretation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment">Judgment</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsch" title="Kitsch">Kitsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_imitating_art" title="Life imitating art">Life imitating art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificence_(history_of_ideas)" title="Magnificence (history of ideas)">Magnificence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimesis" title="Mimesis">Mimesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perception" title="Perception">Perception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picturesque" title="Picturesque">Picturesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_(philosophy)" title="Quality (philosophy)">Quality</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreation" title="Recreation">Recreation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverence_(emotion)" title="Reverence (emotion)">Reverence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_(visual_arts)" title="Style (visual arts)">Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sublime_(philosophy)" title="Sublime (philosophy)">Sublime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taste_(sociology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taste (sociology)">Taste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">Tragedy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Work of art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hippias_Major" title="Hippias Major">Hippias Major</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(c. 390 BC)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poetics_(Aristotle)" title="Poetics (Aristotle)">Poetics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(c. 335 BC)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Literary_Mind_and_the_Carving_of_Dragons" title="The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons">The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(c. 100)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Sublime" title="On the Sublime">On the Sublime</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(c. 500)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosophical_Enquiry_into_the_Origin_of_Our_Ideas_of_the_Sublime_and_Beautiful" title="A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful">A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1757)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lectures_on_Aesthetics" title="Lectures on Aesthetics">Lectures on Aesthetics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1835)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Critic_as_Artist" title="The Critic as Artist">The Critic as Artist</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1891)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Praise_of_Shadows" title="In Praise of Shadows">In Praise of Shadows</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1933)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Art_as_Experience" title="Art as Experience">Art as Experience</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1934)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Work_of_Art_in_the_Age_of_Mechanical_Reproduction" title="The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction">The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1935)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Avant-Garde_and_Kitsch" title="Avant-Garde and Kitsch">Avant-Garde and Kitsch</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1939)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Critical_Essays_(Orwell)" title="Critical Essays (Orwell)">Critical Essays</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1946)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Aesthetic_Dimension" title="The Aesthetic Dimension">The Aesthetic Dimension</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1977)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Why_Beauty_Matters" title="Why Beauty Matters">Why Beauty Matters</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aestheticization_of_politics" title="Aestheticization of politics">Aestheticization of politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applied_aesthetics" title="Applied aesthetics">Applied aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_criticism" title="Arts criticism">Arts criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Axiology">Axiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_aesthetics" title="Evolutionary aesthetics">Evolutionary aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_beauty" title="Mathematical beauty">Mathematical beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroesthetics" title="Neuroesthetics">Neuroesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patterns_in_nature" title="Patterns in nature">Patterns in nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_design" title="Philosophy of design">Philosophy of design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_film" title="Philosophy of film">Philosophy of film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_music" title="Philosophy of music">Philosophy of music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_art" title="Psychology of art">Psychology of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_art" title="Theory of art">Theory of art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_aesthetics_articles" title="Index of aesthetics articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_aesthetics" title="Outline of aesthetics">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aesthetics" title="Category:Aesthetics">Category</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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