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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 In popular culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Isadora Duncan</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 84 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" > 84 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D9%86" title="إيزادورا دانكن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيزادورا دانكن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aysedora_Dunkan" title="Aysedora Dunkan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aysedora Dunkan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ইসাডোরা ডানকান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসাডোরা ডানকান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Айседора Дункан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Айседора Дункан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Айседора Дункан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Айседора Дункан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Айседора Дънкан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Айседора Дънкан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Айседора Дункан – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Айседора Дункан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncanov%C3%A1" title="Isadora Duncanová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Isadora Duncanová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B4%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Ισιδώρα Ντάνκαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισιδώρα Ντάνκαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%86" title="ایزادورا دانکن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایزادورا دانکن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84%EB%9D%BC_%EB%8D%A9%EC%BB%A8" title="이사도라 덩컨 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이사도라 덩컨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1_%D4%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Այսեդորա Դունկան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այսեդորա Դունկան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="इज़ाडोरा डंकन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इज़ाडोरा डंकन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%96%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%9F" title="איזדורה דאנקן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איזדורה דאנקן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="აისედორა დანკანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აისედორა დანკანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/XX_%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D2%9B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="XX ғасыр хореографиясындағы ырғақ пен пластика – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="XX ғасыр хореографиясындағы ырғақ пен пластика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дункан, Данкан Айседора – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Дункан, Данкан Айседора" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisedora_Dunkane" title="Aisedora Dunkane – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aisedora Dunkane" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Изадора Данкан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Изадора Данкан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB" title="ഇസഡോറ ഡങ്കൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസഡോറ ഡങ്കൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="इझाडोरा डंकन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इझाडोरा डंकन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D9%86" title="ايزادورا دانكن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايزادورا دانكن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B6%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3" title="イザドラ・ダンカン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イザドラ・ダンカン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A8" title="ਆਈਸਾਡੋਰਾ ਡੰਕਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਈਸਾਡੋਰਾ ਡੰਕਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дункан, Айседора – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дункан, Айседора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Айседора Дункан – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Айседора Дункан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncanov%C3%A1" title="Isadora Duncanová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Isadora Duncanová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Изадора Данкан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Изадора Данкан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="இசடோரா டங்கன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசடோரா டங்கன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ays%C3%A4dora_Dunkan" title="Aysädora Dunkan – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Aysädora Dunkan" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дункан, Айседора – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Дункан, Айседора" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Айседора Дункан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Айседора Дункан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B3%D8%A7_%DA%88%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%86" title="آئسا ڈورا ڈنکن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئسا ڈورا ڈنکن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Isadora Duncan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%8E%8E%E9%81%93%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%82%93%E8%82%AF" title="艾莎道拉·邓肯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="艾莎道拉·邓肯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E%E6%9C%B5%E6%8B%89%E9%84%A7%E8%82%AF" title="伊莎朵拉鄧肯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊莎朵拉鄧肯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E%E5%A4%9A%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%82%93%E8%82%AF" title="伊莎多拉·邓肯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊莎多拉·邓肯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q483512#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American dancer and choreographer (1877–1927)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Isadora Duncan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg/220px-Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg/330px-Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg/440px-Isadora_Duncan_portrait_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="1283" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Duncan <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1906–1912</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Angela Isadora Duncan</div> (1877-05-26)May 26, 1877<a href="#cite_note-birthdate-2">[a]</a> <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">(1927-09-14)September 14, 1927 (aged 50)<a href="#cite_note-birthdate-2">[a]</a> <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category">American, French, Soviet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dance" title="Dance">Dance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Choreography" title="Choreography">choreography</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Modern_dance" title="Modern dance">Modern/contemporary dance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yesenin" title="Sergei Yesenin">Sergei Yesenin</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>1922; <abbr title="separated">sep.</abbr> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">1923)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gordon_Craig" title="Edward Gordon Craig">Edward Gordon Craig</a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_Singer" title="Paris Singer">Paris Singer</a> <a href="/wiki/Romano_Romanelli" title="Romano Romanelli">Romano Romanelli</a> <a href="/wiki/Mercedes_de_Acosta" title="Mercedes de Acosta">Mercedes de Acosta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg/150px-Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg/225px-Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg/300px-Signature_d%27Isadora_Duncan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2107" data-file-height="681" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> Angela Isadora Duncan (May 26, 1877, or May 27, 1878<a href="#cite_note-birthdate-2">[a]</a> – September 14, 1927) was an American-born dancer and choreographer, who was a pioneer of modern contemporary dance and performed to great acclaim throughout Europe and the United States. Born and raised in California, she lived and danced in Western Europe, the U.S., and <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Russia">Soviet Russia</a> from the age of 22. She died when her scarf became entangled in the wheel and axle of the car in which she was travelling in <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a>, France.<a href="#cite_note-Craine-3">[2]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a>]</div> Angela Isadora Duncan was born in San Francisco, the youngest of the four children of Joseph Charles Duncan (1819–1898), a banker, <a href="/wiki/Mining_engineering" title="Mining engineering">mining engineer</a> and connoisseur of the arts, and Mary Isadora Gray (1849–1922). Her brothers were <a href="/wiki/Augustin_Duncan" title="Augustin Duncan">Augustin Duncan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Duncan_(dancer)" title="Raymond Duncan (dancer)">Raymond Duncan</a>;<a href="#cite_note-Jowitt1989-4">[3]</a> her sister, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Duncan_(dancer)" title="Elizabeth Duncan (dancer)">Elizabeth Duncan</a>, was also a <a href="/wiki/Dance" title="Dance">dancer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-KarinaKant2004-6">[5]</a> Soon after Isadora's birth, her father was found to have been using funds from two banks he had helped set up to finance his private stock speculations. Although he avoided prison time, Isadora's mother (angered over his infidelities as well as the financial scandal) divorced him, and from then on the family struggled with poverty.<a href="#cite_note-Jowitt1989-4">[3]</a> Joseph Duncan, along with his third wife and their daughter, died in 1898 when the British passenger steamer <a href="/wiki/SS_Mohegan" title="SS Mohegan">SS Mohegan</a> ran aground off the coast of <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> After her parents' divorce,<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> Isadora's mother moved with her family to <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a>, where she worked as a seamstress and piano teacher. Isadora attended school from the ages of six to ten, but she dropped out, having found it constricting. She and her three siblings earned money by teaching dance to local children.<a href="#cite_note-Jowitt1989-4">[3]</a> In 1896, Duncan became part of <a href="/wiki/Augustin_Daly" title="Augustin Daly">Augustin Daly</a>'s theater company in New York, but she soon became disillusioned with the form and craved a different environment with less of a hierarchy.<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work">Work</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Work">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_(grayscale).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Isadora_Duncan_%28grayscale%29.jpg/190px-Isadora_Duncan_%28grayscale%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Isadora_Duncan_%28grayscale%29.jpg/285px-Isadora_Duncan_%28grayscale%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Isadora_Duncan_%28grayscale%29.jpg/380px-Isadora_Duncan_%28grayscale%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="910" data-file-height="1416" /></a><figcaption>Photo by <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Genthe" title="Arnold Genthe">Arnold Genthe</a> of Duncan performing <a href="/wiki/Barefoot" title="Barefoot">barefoot</a> during her 1915–1918 American tour</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg/190px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg/285px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg/380px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Isadora_Duncan_29_-_Abraham_Walkowitz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Walkowitz" title="Abraham Walkowitz">Abraham Walkowitz</a>'s Isadora Duncan #29, one of many works of art she inspired</figcaption></figure> Duncan's novel approach to dance had been evident since the classes she had taught as a teenager, where she "followed [her] fantasy and improvised, teaching any pretty thing that came into [her] head".<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> A desire to travel brought her to Chicago, where she auditioned for many theater companies, finally finding a place in Augustin Daly's company. This took her to New York City where her unique vision of dance clashed with the popular pantomimes of theater companies.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> While in New York, Duncan also took some classes with <a href="/wiki/Marie_Bonfanti" title="Marie Bonfanti">Marie Bonfanti</a> but was quickly disappointed by ballet routine. Feeling unhappy and unappreciated in America, Duncan moved to London in 1898. She performed in the drawing rooms of the wealthy, taking inspiration from the Greek vases and bas-reliefs in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> The earnings from these engagements enabled her to rent a studio, allowing her to develop her work and create larger performances for the stage.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> From London, she traveled to Paris, where she was inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Exposition_Universelle_(1900)" title="Exposition Universelle (1900)">Exposition Universelle of 1900</a> and danced in the salons of <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_de_Saint-Marceaux" title="Marguerite de Saint-Marceaux">Marguerite de Saint-Marceaux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winnaretta_Singer" title="Winnaretta Singer">Princesse Edmond de Polignac</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> In France, as elsewhere, Duncan delighted her audience.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> In 1902, <a href="/wiki/Loie_Fuller" title="Loie Fuller">Loie Fuller</a> invited Duncan to tour with her. This took Duncan all over Europe as she created new works using her innovative technique,<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> which emphasized natural movement in contrast to the rigidity of traditional ballet.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> She spent most of the rest of her life touring Europe and the Americas in this fashion.<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> Despite mixed reaction from critics, Duncan became quite popular for her distinctive style and inspired many visual artists, such as <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Bourdelle" title="Antoine Bourdelle">Antoine Bourdelle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laura_Knight" title="Laura Knight">Dame Laura Knight</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Rodin" title="Auguste Rodin">Auguste Rodin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnold_R%C3%B6nnebeck" title="Arnold Rönnebeck">Arnold Rönnebeck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Dunoyer_de_Segonzac" title="André Dunoyer de Segonzac">André Dunoyer de Segonzac</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Walkowitz" title="Abraham Walkowitz">Abraham Walkowitz</a>, to create works based on her.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> In 1910, Duncan met the occultist <a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a> at a party, an episode recounted by Crowley in his Confessions.<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> He refers to Duncan as "Lavinia King", and used the same invented name for her in his 1929 novel <a href="/wiki/Moonchild_(novel)" title="Moonchild (novel)">Moonchild</a> (written in 1917). Crowley wrote of Duncan that she "has this gift of gesture in a very high degree. Let the reader study her dancing, if possible in private than in public, and learn the superb 'unconsciousness' – which is magical consciousness – with which she suits the action to the melody."<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> Crowley was, in fact, more attracted to Duncan's bohemian companion Mary Dempsey (<abbr title="also known as">a.k.a.</abbr> Mary D'Este or Desti), with whom he had an affair. Desti had come to Paris in 1901 where she soon met Duncan, and the two became inseparable. Desti, who also appeared in Moonchild (as "Lisa la Giuffria") and became a member of Crowley's occult order,<a href="#cite_note-23">[b]</a> later wrote a memoir of her experiences with Duncan.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> In 1911, the French fashion designer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Poiret" title="Paul Poiret">Paul Poiret</a> rented a mansion – <a href="/wiki/Pavillon_du_Butard" title="Pavillon du Butard">Pavillon du Butard</a> in <a href="/wiki/La_Celle-Saint-Cloud" title="La Celle-Saint-Cloud">La Celle-Saint-Cloud</a> – and threw lavish parties, including one of the more famous grandes fêtes, La fête de Bacchus on June 20, 1912, re-creating the <a href="/wiki/Bacchanalia" title="Bacchanalia">Bacchanalia</a> hosted by <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV</a> at Versailles. Isadora Duncan, wearing a Greek evening gown designed by Poiret,<a href="#cite_note-Aydt-25">[23]</a> danced on tables among 300 guests; 900 bottles of champagne were consumed until the first light of day.<a href="#cite_note-Aydt-25">[23]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_photograph_of_Isadora_Duncan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Portrait_photograph_of_Isadora_Duncan.jpg/220px-Portrait_photograph_of_Isadora_Duncan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Portrait_photograph_of_Isadora_Duncan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="335" /></a><figcaption>Duncan <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1916–1918</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opening_schools_of_dance">Opening schools of dance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opening schools of dance">edit</a>]</div> Duncan disliked the commercial aspects of public performance, such as touring and contracts, because she felt they distracted her from her real mission, namely the creation of beauty and the education of the young.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] To achieve her mission, she opened schools to teach young girls her philosophy of dance. The first was established in 1904 in Berlin-<a href="/wiki/Grunewald_(locality)" title="Grunewald (locality)">Grunewald</a>, Germany. This institution was in existence for three years and was the birthplace of the "<a href="/wiki/Isadorables" title="Isadorables">Isadorables</a>" (Anna, Maria-Theresa, Irma, Liesel, Gretel, and Erika<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a>), Duncan optimistically dreamed her school would train “thousands of young dancing maidens” in non-professional community dance.<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> It was a boarding school that in addition to a regular education, also taught dance but the students were not expected or even encouraged to be professional dancers.<a href="#cite_note-28">[26]</a> Duncan did not legally adopt all six girls as is commonly believed.<a href="#cite_note-:0-29">[27]</a> Nevertheless, three of them (Irma, Anna and Lisa) would use the Duncan surname for the rest of their lives.<a href="#cite_note-30">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-31">[29]</a> After about a decade in Berlin, Duncan established a school in Paris that soon closed because of the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan,_wearing_a_blue_dress,_with_a_beaded_necklace,_1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan%2C_wearing_a_blue_dress%2C_with_a_beaded_necklace%2C_1922.jpg/170px-Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan%2C_wearing_a_blue_dress%2C_with_a_beaded_necklace%2C_1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan%2C_wearing_a_blue_dress%2C_with_a_beaded_necklace%2C_1922.jpg/255px-Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan%2C_wearing_a_blue_dress%2C_with_a_beaded_necklace%2C_1922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan%2C_wearing_a_blue_dress%2C_with_a_beaded_necklace%2C_1922.jpg/340px-Paul_Swan_-_Portrait_of_Isadora_Duncan%2C_wearing_a_blue_dress%2C_with_a_beaded_necklace%2C_1922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1514" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>A portrait of Duncan in 1922 by dancer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Swan_(dancer)" title="Paul Swan (dancer)">Paul Swan</a>.</figcaption></figure> In 1914, Duncan moved to the United States and transferred her school there. A townhouse on <a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Park" title="Gramercy Park">Gramercy Park</a> in New York was provided for its use, and its studio was nearby, on the northeast corner of <a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="23rd Street (Manhattan)">23rd Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Fourth Avenue</a> (now Park Avenue South).<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hermann_Kahn" title="Otto Hermann Kahn">Otto Kahn</a>, the head of <a href="/wiki/Kuhn,_Loeb_%26_Co." title="Kuhn, Loeb & Co.">Kuhn, Loeb & Co.</a>, gave Duncan use of the very modern Century Theatre at <a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan" title="List of numbered streets in Manhattan">West 60th Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)#Central_Park_West" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Central Park West</a> for her performances and productions, which included a staging of <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus Rex</a> that involved almost all of Duncan's extended entourage and friends.<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a> During her time in New York, Duncan posed for studies by the photographer <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Genthe" title="Arnold Genthe">Arnold Genthe</a>. Duncan had planned to leave the United States in 1915 aboard the <a href="/wiki/RMS_Lusitania" title="RMS Lusitania">RMS Lusitania</a> on its ill-fated voyage, but historians believe her financial situation at the time drove her to choose a more modest crossing.<a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a> In 1921, Duncan's leftist sympathies took her to the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, where she founded a school in Moscow. However, the Soviet government's failure to follow through on promises to support her work caused her to return[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] to the West and leave the school to her protégée Irma.<a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> In 1924, Duncan composed a dance routine called Varshavianka to the tune of the Polish revolutionary song known in English as <a href="/wiki/Whirlwinds_of_Danger" title="Whirlwinds of Danger">Whirlwinds of Danger</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophy_and_technique">Philosophy and technique</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Philosophy and technique">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg/280px-Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg/420px-Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg/560px-Isadora_Duncan_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption>Duncan in a Greek-inspired pose and wearing her signature Greek tunic. She took inspiration from the classical Greek arts and combined them with an American athleticism to form a new philosophy of dance, in opposition to the rigidity of traditional ballet.</figcaption></figure> Breaking with convention, Duncan imagined she had traced dance to its roots as a sacred art.<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> She developed from this notion a style of free and natural movements inspired by the classical Greek arts, folk dances, social dances, nature, and natural forces, as well as an approach to the new American athleticism which included skipping, running, jumping, leaping, and tossing.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Duncan wrote of American dancing: "let them come forth with great strides, leaps and bounds, with lifted forehead and far-spread arms, to dance."<a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> Her focus on natural movement emphasized steps, such as skipping, outside of codified ballet technique. Duncan also cited the sea as an early inspiration for her movement,<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> and she believed movement originated from the <a href="/wiki/Solar_plexus" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar plexus">solar plexus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Duncan,_75-41">[39]</a> Duncan placed an emphasis on "evolutionary" dance motion, insisting that each movement was born from the one that preceded it, that each movement gave rise to the next, and so on in organic succession. It is this philosophy and new dance technique that garnered Duncan the title of the creator of modern dance. Duncan's philosophy of dance moved away from rigid <a href="/wiki/Ballet_technique" title="Ballet technique">ballet technique</a> and towards what she perceived as natural movement. She said that in order to restore dance to a high art form instead of merely entertainment, she strove to connect emotions and movement: "I spent long days and nights in the studio seeking that dance which might be the divine expression of the human spirit through the medium of the body's movement."<a href="#cite_note-Duncan,_75-41">[39]</a> She believed dance was meant to encircle all that life had to offer—joy and sadness. Duncan took inspiration from ancient Greece and combined it with a passion for freedom of movement. This is exemplified in her revolutionary costume of a white Greek tunic and bare feet. Inspired by Greek forms, her tunics also allowed a freedom of movement that corseted ballet costumes and <a href="/wiki/Pointe_shoe" title="Pointe shoe">pointe shoes</a> did not.<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> Costumes were not the only inspiration Duncan took from Greece: she was also inspired by ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek_art" title="Greek art">Greek art</a>, and utilized some of its forms in her movement (as shown on photos).<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Children">Children</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Children">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/15/Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg/220px-Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/15/Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg/330px-Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/15/Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg/440px-Isadora_Duncan_and_her_children.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="651" /></a><figcaption>Duncan with her children Deirdre and Patrick, in 1913</figcaption></figure> Duncan bore three children, all out of wedlock. Deirdre Beatrice was born September 24, 1906. Her father was theatre designer <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gordon_Craig" title="Edward Gordon Craig">Gordon Craig</a>. Patrick Augustus was born May 1, 1910,<a href="#cite_note-kurthbook-44">[42]</a> fathered by <a href="/wiki/Paris_Singer" title="Paris Singer">Paris Singer</a>, one of the many sons of <a href="/wiki/Sewing_machine" title="Sewing machine">sewing machine</a> magnate <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Singer" title="Isaac Singer">Isaac Singer</a>. Deirdre and Patrick both died by drowning in 1913. While out on a car ride with their nanny, the automobile accidentally went into the <a href="/wiki/Seine" title="Seine">River Seine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-kurthbook-44">[42]</a> Following this tragedy, Duncan spent several months on the Greek island of <a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Corfu</a> with her brother and sister, then several weeks at the <a href="/wiki/Viareggio" title="Viareggio">Viareggio</a> seaside resort in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> with actress <a href="/wiki/Eleonora_Duse" title="Eleonora Duse">Eleonora Duse</a>. In her autobiography, Duncan relates that in her deep despair over the deaths of her children, she begged a young Italian stranger, the sculptor <a href="/wiki/Romano_Romanelli" title="Romano Romanelli">Romano Romanelli</a>, to sleep with her because she was desperate for another child.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> She gave birth to a son on August 13, 1914, but he died shortly after birth.<a href="#cite_note-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relationships">Relationships</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Relationships">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1923._Esen_duncan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1923._Esen_duncan.jpg/240px-1923._Esen_duncan.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1923._Esen_duncan.jpg/360px-1923._Esen_duncan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1923._Esen_duncan.jpg/480px-1923._Esen_duncan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1242" /></a><figcaption>Duncan and <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yesenin" title="Sergei Yesenin">Sergei Yesenin</a> in 1923</figcaption></figure> When Duncan stayed at the Viareggio seaside resort with Eleonora Duse, Duse had just left a relationship with the rebellious and epicene young <a href="/wiki/Feminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist">feminist</a> <a href="/wiki/Lina_Poletti" title="Lina Poletti">Lina Poletti</a>. This fueled speculation as to the nature of Duncan and Duse's relationship, but there has never been any indication that the two were involved romantically. Duncan was loving by nature and was close to her mother, siblings and all of her male and female friends.<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a> Later on, in 1921, after the end of the Russian Revolution, Duncan moved to Moscow, where she met the poet <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yesenin" title="Sergei Yesenin">Sergei Yesenin</a>, who was eighteen years her junior. On May 2, 1922, they married, and Yesenin accompanied her on a tour of Europe and the United States. However, the marriage was brief as they grew apart while getting to know each other. In May 1923, Yesenin returned to Moscow. Two years later, on December 28, 1925, he was found dead in his room in the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Angleterre" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotel Angleterre">Hotel Angleterre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Leningrad</a> (formerly St Petersburg and Petrograd), in an apparent suicide.<a href="#cite_note-chronology-49">[47]</a> Duncan also had a relationship with the poet and playwright <a href="/wiki/Mercedes_de_Acosta" title="Mercedes de Acosta">Mercedes de Acosta</a>, as documented in numerous revealing letters they wrote to each other.<a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a> In one, Duncan wrote, "Mercedes, lead me with your little strong hands and I will follow you – to the top of a mountain. To the end of the world. Wherever you wish."<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> However, the claim of a purported relationship made after Duncan’s death by de Acosta (a controversial figure for her alleged relations) is in dispute.<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a> Friends and relatives of Duncan believed her claim is false based on forged letters and done for publicity’s sake.<a href="#cite_note-:2-56">[54]</a> In addition, Lily Dikovskaya, one of Duncan’s students from her Moscow School, wrote in In Isadora’s Steps that Duncan “was focused on higher things”.<a href="#cite_note-:2-56">[54]</a><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_years">Later years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later years">edit</a>]</div> By the late 1920s, Duncan, in her late 40s, was depressed by the deaths of her three young children. She spent her final years financially struggling, moving between Paris and the Mediterranean, running up debts at hotels. Her autobiography My Life was published in 1927 shortly after her death. The Australian composer <a href="/wiki/Percy_Grainger" title="Percy Grainger">Percy Grainger</a> called it a "life-enriching masterpiece."<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> In his book Isadora, An Intimate Portrait, <a href="/wiki/Sewell_Stokes" title="Sewell Stokes">Sewell Stokes</a>, who met Duncan in the last years of her life, described her extravagant waywardness. In a reminiscent sketch, <a href="/wiki/Zelda_Fitzgerald" title="Zelda Fitzgerald">Zelda Fitzgerald</a> wrote how she and her husband, author <a href="/wiki/F._Scott_Fitzgerald" title="F. Scott Fitzgerald">F. Scott Fitzgerald</a>, sat in a Paris cafe watching a somewhat drunken Duncan. He would speak of how memorable it was, but all that Zelda recalled was that while all eyes were watching Duncan, she was able to steal the salt and pepper shakers from the table.<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Death">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg/200px-AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg/300px-AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg/400px-AX_Isadora_Duncan_Tomb_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Duncan's tomb at <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a></figcaption></figure> On September 14, 1927, in <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a>, France, Duncan was a passenger in an <a href="/wiki/Amilcar_CGSS" title="Amilcar CGSS">Amilcar CGSS</a> automobile owned by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beno%C3%AEt_Falchetto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benoît Falchetto (page does not exist)">Benoît Falchetto</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Falchetto" class="extiw" title="fr:Benoît Falchetto">fr</a>], a French-Italian mechanic. She wore a long, flowing, hand-painted silk scarf, created by the Russian-born artist <a href="/wiki/Roman_Chatov" title="Roman Chatov">Roman Chatov</a>, a gift from her friend Mary Desti, the mother of American filmmaker, <a href="/wiki/Preston_Sturges" title="Preston Sturges">Preston Sturges</a>. Desti, who saw Duncan off, had asked her to wear a cape in the open-air vehicle because of the cold weather, but she would agree to wear only the scarf.<a href="#cite_note-sturges2-59">[57]</a> As they departed, she reportedly said to Desti and some companions, "Adieu, mes amis. Je vais à la gloire! " ("Farewell, my friends. I go to glory!"); but according to the American novelist <a href="/wiki/Glenway_Wescott" title="Glenway Wescott">Glenway Wescott</a>, Desti later told him that Duncan's actual parting words were, "Je vais à l'amour" ("I am off to love"). Desti considered this embarrassing, as it suggested that she and Falchetto were going to her hotel for a tryst.<a href="#cite_note-60">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a> Her silk scarf, draped around her neck, became entangled in the wheel well around the open-spoked wheels and rear axle, pulling her from the open car and breaking her neck.<a href="#cite_note-Craine-3">[2]</a> Desti said she called out to warn Duncan about the scarf almost immediately after the car left. Desti took Duncan to the hospital, where she was pronounced dead.<a href="#cite_note-sturges2-59">[57]</a> As <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> noted in its obituary, Duncan "met a tragic death at Nice on the <a href="/wiki/Riviera" title="Riviera">Riviera</a>". "According to dispatches from Nice, Duncan was hurled in an extraordinary manner from an open automobile in which she was riding and instantly killed by the force of her fall to the stone pavement."<a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a> Other sources noted that she was almost decapitated by the sudden tightening of the scarf around her neck.<a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a> The accident gave rise to <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Stein" title="Gertrude Stein">Gertrude Stein</a>'s remark that "affectations can be dangerous".<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> At the time of her death, Duncan was a Soviet citizen. Her will was the first of a Soviet citizen to undergo <a href="/wiki/Probate" title="Probate">probate</a> in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-Petrucelli-66">[64]</a> Duncan was cremated, and her ashes were placed next to those of her children<a href="#cite_note-wound_magazine-67">[65]</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Columbarium" title="Columbarium">columbarium</a> at <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a> in Paris.<a href="#cite_note-68">[66]</a> On the headstone of her grave is inscribed École du Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris ("Ballet School of the Opera of Paris"). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Works">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Duncan, Isadora (1927) "My Life" <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>: <a href="/wiki/Boni_%26_Liveright" title="Boni & Liveright">Boni & Liveright</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/738636">738636</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg_Canada" title="Project Gutenberg Canada">Project Gutenberg Canada</a> #941 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.ca/ebooks/duncani-mylife/duncani-mylife-00-h-dir/duncani-mylife-00-h.html">HTML</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.ca/ebooks/duncani-mylife/duncani-mylife-00-h-dir.zip">HTML zipped</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.ca/ebooks/duncani-mylife/duncani-mylife-00-t.txt">Text</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.ca/ebooks/duncani-mylife/duncani-mylife-00-t.zip">Text zipped</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.ca/ebooks/duncani-mylife/duncani-mylife-00-e.epub">EPUB</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fadedpage.com/showbook.php?pid=20120502">My Life</a> at <a href="/wiki/Distributed_Proofreaders_Canada" title="Distributed Proofreaders Canada">Faded Page</a> (Canada) : <a href="/wiki/Text_file" title="Text file">text</a>, <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>, <a href="/wiki/EPUB" title="EPUB">EPUB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_e-book_formats#Mobipocket" title="Comparison of e-book formats">.mobi</a>, <a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>, HTML <a href="/wiki/ZIP_(file_format)" title="ZIP (file format)">.zip</a></li></ul></li> <li>Duncan, Isadora; Cheney, Sheldon (ed.) The Art of the Dance. New York: Theater Arts, 1928. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87830-005-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87830-005-8">0-87830-005-8</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fadedpage.com/csearch.php?author=Duncan%2C%20Isadora">Works by Isadora Duncan</a> at <a href="/wiki/Distributed_Proofreaders_Canada" title="Distributed Proofreaders Canada">Faded Page</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL287324A">Works by Isadora Duncan</a> at <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg/220px-Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg/330px-Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg/440px-Isadora_Duncan_-_first_fairy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="736" /></a><figcaption>Duncan as a fairy in A Midsummer Night's Dream, 1896</figcaption></figure> Duncan is known as "The Mother of Dance". While her schools in Europe did not last long, Duncan's work had an impact on the art and her style is still danced based upon the instruction of <a href="/wiki/Maria-Theresa_Duncan" title="Maria-Theresa Duncan">Maria-Theresa Duncan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-69">[67]</a> Anna Duncan,<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> and Irma Duncan,<a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a> three of her six pupils. Through her sister, Elizabeth, Duncan's approach was adopted by <a href="/wiki/Jarmila_Je%C5%99%C3%A1bkov%C3%A1" title="Jarmila Jeřábková">Jarmila Jeřábková</a> from Prague where her legacy persists.<a href="#cite_note-kb-72">[70]</a> By 1913 she was already being celebrated. When the <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_des_Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Théâtre des Champs-Élysées">Théâtre des Champs-Élysées</a> was built, Duncan's likeness was carved in its <a href="/wiki/Bas-relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas-relief">bas-relief</a> over the entrance by sculptor <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Bourdelle" title="Antoine Bourdelle">Antoine Bourdelle</a> and included in painted <a href="/wiki/Murals" class="mw-redirect" title="Murals">murals</a> of the nine <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">muses</a> by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Denis" title="Maurice Denis">Maurice Denis</a> in the auditorium. In 1987, she was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Dance_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame">National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame</a>. Anna, Lisa,<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> Theresa and Irma, pupils of Isadora Duncan's first school, carried on the aesthetic and pedagogical principles of Isadora's work in New York and Paris. Choreographer and dancer <a href="/wiki/Julia_Levien" title="Julia Levien">Julia Levien</a> was also instrumental in furthering Duncan's work through the formation of the Duncan Dance Guild in the 1950s and the establishment of the Duncan Centenary Company in 1977.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-74">[72]</a> Another means by which Duncan's dance techniques were carried forth was in the formation of the Isadora Duncan Heritage Society, by Mignon Garland, who had been taught dance by two of Duncan's key students. Garland was such a fan that she later lived in a building erected at the same site and address as Duncan, attached a commemorative plaque near the entrance, which is still there as of 2016<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit">[update]</a>. Garland also succeeded in having San Francisco rename an alley on the same block from Adelaide Place to Isadora Duncan Lane.<a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a> In medicine, the Isadora Duncan Syndrome refers to injury or death consequent to entanglement of neckwear with a wheel or other machinery.<a href="#cite_note-pmid12835372-77">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Photo_gallery">Photo gallery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Photo gallery">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Photographic studies of Isadora Duncan made in New York by <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Genthe" title="Arnold Genthe">Arnold Genthe</a> during her visits to America in 1915–1918</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 255px; height: 280px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg/163px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg/245px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg/326px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="487" data-file-height="746" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 255px; height: 280px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg/225px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg/338px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg/450px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="746" data-file-height="595" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 255px; height: 280px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg/183px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg/275px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg/367px-Isadora_Duncan_studies_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="744" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a>]</div> Duncan has attracted literary and artistic attention from the 1920s to the present, in novels, film, ballet, theatre, music, and poetry. In literature, Duncan is portrayed in: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Moonchild_(novel)" title="Moonchild (novel)">Moonchild</a> (as 'Lavinia King'), published in 1923.<a href="#cite_note-Churton2012-78">[76]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upton_Sinclair" title="Upton Sinclair">Upton Sinclair</a>'s <a href="/wiki/World%27s_End_(Sinclair_novel)" title="World's End (Sinclair novel)">World's End</a> (1940) and <a href="/wiki/Between_Two_Worlds_(novel)" title="Between Two Worlds (novel)">Between Two Worlds</a> (1941), the first two novels in his Pulitzer Prize winning <a href="/wiki/Lanny_Budd" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanny Budd">Lanny Budd</a> series.<a href="#cite_note-Sinclair2001-79">[77]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Gray" title="Amelia Gray">Amelia Gray</a>'s novel Isadora (2017).<a href="#cite_note-NPR1-80">[78]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_(TV_series)" title="A Series of Unfortunate Events (TV series)">A Series of Unfortunate Events</a>, in which two characters are named after her, <a href="/wiki/Isadora_Quagmire" class="mw-redirect" title="Isadora Quagmire">Isadora Quagmire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Quagmire" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan Quagmire">Duncan Quagmire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NPR2-81">[79]</a></li> <li>The poem Fever 103 by <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Plath" title="Sylvia Plath">Sylvia Plath</a>, in which the speaker alludes to Isadora's scarves.<a href="#cite_note-Brain2014-82">[80]</a></li></ul> Among the films and television shows featuring Duncan are: <ul><li>In 1965, a youthful Isadora Duncan was portrayed by Kathy Garver in the television show <a href="/wiki/Death_Valley_Days" title="Death Valley Days">Death Valley Days</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a></li> <li>The 1966 <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> <a href="/wiki/Biopic" class="mw-redirect" title="Biopic">biopic</a> by Kenneth Russell, <a href="/wiki/Isadora_Duncan,_the_Biggest_Dancer_in_the_World" title="Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World">Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World</a>, which was introduced by Duncan's biographer, <a href="/wiki/Sewell_Stokes" title="Sewell Stokes">Sewell Stokes</a>, Duncan was played by <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Pickles" title="Vivian Pickles">Vivian Pickles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Daly2010-84">[82]</a></li> <li>The 1968 film <a href="/wiki/Isadora_(film)" title="Isadora (film)">Isadora</a>, nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes</a>, stars <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> as Duncan. The film was based in part of Duncan's autobiography. Redgrave was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress" title="Academy Award for Best Actress">Academy Award for Best Actress</a> for her performance as Duncan.<a href="#cite_note-Daly2010-84">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a></li> <li>Archival footage of Duncan was used in the 1985 popular documentary <a href="/wiki/That%27s_Dancing!" title="That's Dancing!">That's Dancing!</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ClineWeiner2010-86">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-name-87">[85]</a></li> <li>A 1989 documentary, Isadora Duncan: Movement from the Soul, was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 1989 <a href="/wiki/Sundance_Film_Festival" title="Sundance Film Festival">Sundance Film Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lust2012-88">[86]</a></li> <li>In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp" title="Lily-Rose Depp">Lily-Rose Depp</a> portrayed Duncan in <a href="/wiki/The_Dancer_(2016_film)" title="The Dancer (2016 film)">The Dancer</a>, a French biographical musical drama of dancer <a href="/wiki/Loie_Fuller" title="Loie Fuller">Loie Fuller</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Sep2015V-89">[87]</a></li></ul> Ballets based on Duncan include: <ul><li>In 1976 <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Ashton" title="Frederick Ashton">Frederick Ashton</a> created a short ballet entitled <a href="/wiki/Five_Brahms_Waltzes_in_the_Manner_of_Isadora_Duncan" title="Five Brahms Waltzes in the Manner of Isadora Duncan">Five Brahms Waltzes in the Manner of Isadora Duncan</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Seymour" title="Lynn Seymour">Lynn Seymour</a>, in which "Ashton fused Duncan's style with an imprint of his own"; <a href="/wiki/Marie_Rambert" title="Marie Rambert">Marie Rambert</a> claimed after seeing it that it was exactly as she remembered Duncan dancing.<a href="#cite_note-Kav-90">[88]</a></li> <li>In 1981, she was the subject of a <a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">ballet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isadora_(ballet)" title="Isadora (ballet)">Isadora</a>, written and <a href="/wiki/Choreography" title="Choreography">choreographed</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ballet" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Ballet">Royal Ballet</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_MacMillan" title="Kenneth MacMillan">Kenneth MacMillan</a>, and performed at <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a></li></ul> On the theatre stage, Duncan is portrayed in: <ul><li>A 1991 stage play When She Danced by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Sherman" title="Martin Sherman">Martin Sherman</a> about Duncan's later years, won the <a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Evening Standard Awards">Evening Standard Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> as Best Actress.<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a></li></ul> Duncan is featured in music in: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz" title="Celia Cruz">Celia Cruz</a> recorded a track titled Isadora Duncan with the <a href="/wiki/Fania_All-Stars" title="Fania All-Stars">Fania All-Stars</a> for the album Cross Over released in 1979.<a href="#cite_note-Rivera1989-93">[91]</a></li> <li>Rock musician <a href="/wiki/Vic_Chesnutt" title="Vic Chesnutt">Vic Chesnutt</a> included a song about Duncan on his debut album Little.<a href="#cite_note-Buckley2003-94">[92]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magnetic_Fields" title="The Magnetic Fields">The Magnetic Fields</a> song "Jeremy" on their second album <a href="/wiki/The_Wayward_Bus_(album)" title="The Wayward Bus (album)">The Wayward Bus</a> refers to Duncan and her "impossibly long white scarves."<a href="#cite_note-Genius_1992_d779-95">[93]</a></li> <li>Post-hardcore band <a href="/wiki/Burden_of_a_Day" title="Burden of a Day">Burden of a Day</a>'s 2009 album Oneonethousand features a track titled "Isadora Duncan". The lyrics include references to a letter Duncan wrote to poet Mercedes de Acosta and her reported last words of "Je vais à l'amour."</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dancer_in_a_Caf%C3%A9" title="Dancer in a Café">Dancer in a Café</a>—Painting by Jean Metzinger</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidora" title="Isidora">Isidora</a>, sometimes spelled Isadora</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dancers" title="List of dancers">List of dancers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_dance" title="Women in dance">Women in dance</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-birthdate-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-birthdate_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-birthdate_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-birthdate_2-2">c</a> While Duncan's birth date is widely given as May 27, 1878, her posthumously discovered baptismal certificate records May 26, 1877. Any corroborating documents that might have existed were likely destroyed in the <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">1906 San Francisco earthquake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Desti helped Crowley write his magnum opus <a href="/wiki/Magick_(Book_4)" title="Magick (Book 4)">Magick (Book 4)</a> under her magical name of "Soror Virakam", and also co-edited four numbers of his journal <a href="/wiki/The_Equinox" title="The Equinox">The Equinox</a>, and contributed several collaborative plays. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStokes" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Stokes, Sewell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/173622/Isadora-Duncan">"Isadora Duncan"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 28 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Isadora+Duncan&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.aulast=Stokes&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F173622%2FIsadora-Duncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Craine-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Craine_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Craine_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraineMackrell2000" class="citation book cs1">Craine, Debra; Mackrell, Judith (2000). The Oxford Dictionary of Dance (First ed.). Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press. p. 152. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860106-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860106-7"><bdi>978-0-19-860106-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45663394">45663394</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Dance&rft.place=Oxford+%5BEngland%5D&rft.pages=152&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45663394&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860106-7&rft.aulast=Craine&rft.aufirst=Debra&rft.au=Mackrell%2C+Judith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jowitt1989-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jowitt1989_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jowitt1989_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jowitt1989_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeborah_Jowitt1989" class="citation book cs1">Deborah Jowitt (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uaECpiO__W8C&pg=PA75">Time and the Dancing Image</a>. University of California Press. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06627-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06627-4"><bdi>978-0-520-06627-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+and+the+Dancing+Image&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-520-06627-4&rft.au=Deborah+Jowitt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuaECpiO__W8C%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenthe" class="citation web cs1">Genthe, Arnold (photographer). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/agc1996000096/PP/">"Elizabeth Duncan dancer"</a>. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2017-10-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Duncan+dancer&rft.aulast=Genthe&rft.aufirst=Arnold+%28photographer%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fpictures%2Fitem%2Fagc1996000096%2FPP%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-KarinaKant2004-6"><a href="#cite_ref-KarinaKant2004_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLilian_KarinaMarion_Kant2004" class="citation book cs1">Lilian Karina; Marion Kant (January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N8f_bKK2fnEC&pg=PA11">Hitler's Dancers: German Modern Dance and the Third Reich</a>. Berghahn Books. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57181-688-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57181-688-7"><bdi>978-1-57181-688-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+Dancers%3A+German+Modern+Dance+and+the+Third+Reich&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2004-01&rft.isbn=978-1-57181-688-7&rft.au=Lilian+Karina&rft.au=Marion+Kant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN8f_bKK2fnEC%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Ean Wood, Headlong Through Life: The Story of Isadora Duncan (2006), p. 27: "They...would all be drowned, along with 104 others, when the S.S. Mohegan, en route from London to New York, ran aground on the Manacle Rocks off Falmouth, in Cornwall." </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 17 </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0000unse_q4s8">International encyclopedia of dance : a project of Dance Perspectives Foundation, Inc</a>. Cohen, Selma Jeanne, 1920–2005., Dance Perspectives Foundation. (1st paperback ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517369-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517369-7"><bdi>978-0-19-517369-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/57374499">57374499</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+encyclopedia+of+dance+%3A+a+project+of+Dance+Perspectives+Foundation%2C+Inc.&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st+paperback&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F57374499&rft.isbn=978-0-19-517369-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finternationalenc0000unse_q4s8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 21 </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 31 </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 55 </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isadora-Duncan">"Isadora Duncan | Biography, Dances, Technique, & Facts"</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-12-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Isadora+Duncan+%7C+Biography%2C+Dances%2C+Technique%2C+%26+Facts&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FIsadora-Duncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 58 </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 69 </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaly2002" class="citation book cs1">Daly, Ann (2002). Done into dance : Isadora Duncan in America (Wesleyan ed.). Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8195-6560-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8195-6560-1"><bdi>0-8195-6560-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/726747550">726747550</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Done+into+dance+%3A+Isadora+Duncan+in+America&rft.place=Middletown%2C+Conn.&rft.edition=Wesleyan&rft.pub=Wesleyan+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F726747550&rft.isbn=0-8195-6560-1&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=Ann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Duncan (1927), p. 94 </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Jowitt" title="Deborah Jowitt">Jowitt, Deborah</a>. Time and the Dancing Image. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989. p. 71 </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Kurth (2001), p. 155 </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Setzer, Dawn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/UCLA-Library-Acquires-Isadora-Duncan-6970.aspx?RelNum=6970">"UCLA Library Acquires Isadora Duncan Collection"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222165638/http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/UCLA-Library-Acquires-Isadora-Duncan-6970.aspx?RelNum=6970">Archived</a> 2014-02-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, UCLA Newsroom, last modified April 21, 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> Abridged ed, p. 676. </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Aleister Crowley, Magick: Liber ABA: Book 4: Parts 1–4 2nd revised ed. York Beach, ME, 1997, p. 197 </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> The Untold Story: The Life of Isadora Duncan 1921–1927 (1929). </li> <li id="cite_note-Aydt-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aydt_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aydt_25-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAydt2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Aydt, Rachel (May 29, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070625105232/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1625930,00.html">"Rediscovered"</a>. Time. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X">0040-781X</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1625930,00.html">the original</a> on June 25, 2007. Retrieved 2017-09-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Rediscovered&rft.date=2007-05-29&rft.issn=0040-781X&rft.aulast=Aydt&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C1625930%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Sturges (1990), p. 39 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Kurth (2001), p. 168 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuncan1966" class="citation book cs1">Duncan, Irma (1966). Duncan Dancer: An Autobiography. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 163–186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780819577931" title="Special:BookSources/9780819577931"><bdi>9780819577931</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Duncan+Dancer%3A+An+Autobiography&rft.pages=163-186&rft.pub=Wesleyan+University+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.isbn=9780819577931&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.aufirst=Irma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-29"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_29-0">^</a> Kurth (2001), p. 392 </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Kurth (2001), pp. 365, 392 </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-31"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKisselgoff1977" class="citation news cs1">Kisselgoff, Anna (1977-09-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230408001146/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/09/22/archives/irma-duncan-dead-disciple-of-isadora-foster-daughter-of-dancer-was.html">"IRMA DUNCAN DEAD; DISCIPLE OF ISADORA (Published 1977)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. p. 28. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1977/09/22/archives/irma-duncan-dead-disciple-of-isadora-foster-daughter-of-dancer-was.html">the original</a> on April 8, 2023. 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Watkins Media Limited. p. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78028-134-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78028-134-6"><bdi>978-1-78028-134-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aleister+Crowley%3A+The+Biography%3A+Spiritual+Revolutionary%2C+Romantic+Explorer%2C+Occult+Master+%E2%80%93+and+Spy&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=Watkins+Media+Limited&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-78028-134-6&rft.au=Tobias+Churton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLFw8CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sinclair2001-79"><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair2001_79-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpton_Sinclair2001" class="citation book cs1">Upton Sinclair (1 January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CXBXiMXCn8EC&pg=PA172">Between Two Worlds I</a>. 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NPR.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=A+Dancer+is+Unstrung+By+Grief+in+%27Isadora%27&rft.date=2017-05-25&rft.aulast=Schaub&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2017%2F05%2F25%2F528842969%2Fa-dancer-is-unstrung-by-grief-in-isadora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPR2-81"><a href="#cite_ref-NPR2_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer2006" class="citation web cs1">Kramer, Melody Joy (12 October 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2011/07/15/6253438/a-series-of-unfortunate-literary-allusions">"A Series Of Unfortunate Literary Allusions"</a>. NPR.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=A+Series+Of+Unfortunate+Literary+Allusions&rft.date=2006-10-12&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Melody+Joy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2011%2F07%2F15%2F6253438%2Fa-series-of-unfortunate-literary-allusions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brain2014-82"><a href="#cite_ref-Brain2014_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDr_Tracy_Brain2014" class="citation book cs1">Dr Tracy Brain (22 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B14SBAAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA15">The Other Sylvia Plath</a>. Routledge. pp. 1–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-88160-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-88160-5"><bdi>978-1-317-88160-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Other+Sylvia+Plath&rft.pages=1-&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-07-22&rft.isbn=978-1-317-88160-5&rft.au=Dr+Tracy+Brain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB14SBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DRA1-PA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarver2015" class="citation book cs1">Garver, K. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AACJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA3">Surviving Cissy: My Family Affair of Life in Hollywood</a>. Globe Pequot. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-63076-116-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-63076-116-5"><bdi>978-1-63076-116-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surviving+Cissy%3A+My+Family+Affair+of+Life+in+Hollywood&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-63076-116-5&rft.aulast=Garver&rft.aufirst=K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAACJCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Daly2010-84">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Daly2010_84-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Daly2010_84-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnn_Daly2010" class="citation book cs1">Ann Daly (1 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t8EK4UqQq2cC&pg=PT31">Done into Dance: Isadora Duncan in America</a>. Wesleyan University Press. p. 221. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8195-7096-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8195-7096-3"><bdi>978-0-8195-7096-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Done+into+Dance%3A+Isadora+Duncan+in+America&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=Wesleyan+University+Press&rft.date=2010-03-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8195-7096-3&rft.au=Ann+Daly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt8EK4UqQq2cC%26pg%3DPT31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0063141/">Isadora</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-ClineWeiner2010-86"><a href="#cite_ref-ClineWeiner2010_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_ClineRobert_G._Weiner2010" class="citation book cs1">John Cline; Robert G. Weiner (17 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VKhqh3HFH8AC&pg=PA241">From the Arthouse to the Grindhouse: Highbrow and Lowbrow Transgression in Cinema's First Century</a>. Scarecrow Press. p. 241. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7655-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7655-2"><bdi>978-0-8108-7655-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+the+Arthouse+to+the+Grindhouse%3A+Highbrow+and+Lowbrow+Transgression+in+Cinema%27s+First+Century&rft.pages=241&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2010-07-17&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7655-2&rft.au=John+Cline&rft.au=Robert+G.+Weiner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVKhqh3HFH8AC%26pg%3DPA241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-name-87"><a href="#cite_ref-name_87-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0241984/">Isadora Duncan</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lust2012-88"><a href="#cite_ref-Lust2012_88-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnnette_Lust2012" class="citation book cs1">Annette Lust (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4b2lrWxMEzsC&pg=PA314">Bringing the Body to the Stage and Screen: Expressive Movement for Performers</a>. Scarecrow Press. p. 314. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8212-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8212-6"><bdi>978-0-8108-8212-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bringing+the+Body+to+the+Stage+and+Screen%3A+Expressive+Movement+for+Performers&rft.pages=314&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-8212-6&rft.au=Annette+Lust&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4b2lrWxMEzsC%26pg%3DPA314&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sep2015V-89"><a href="#cite_ref-Sep2015V_89-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeslassy2015" class="citation news cs1">Keslassy, Elsa (September 24, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2015/film/global/lily-rose-depp-to-star-as-isadora-duncan-in-the-dancer-1201601820/">"Lily-Rose Depp to Star as Isadora Duncan in 'The Dancer'"</a>. Variety. Retrieved December 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Lily-Rose+Depp+to+Star+as+Isadora+Duncan+in+%27The+Dancer%27&rft.date=2015-09-24&rft.aulast=Keslassy&rft.aufirst=Elsa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2015%2Ffilm%2Fglobal%2Flily-rose-depp-to-star-as-isadora-duncan-in-the-dancer-1201601820%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kav-90"><a href="#cite_ref-Kav_90-0">^</a> Kavanagh J. Secret Muses: The Life of Frederick Ashton. Faber & Faber Ltd, London, 1996, p543. </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050311060501/http://www.barry-kay-archive.org/NOTES_TEXTS/NT_IS_Spencer.html">"Isadora (1981 ballet)"</a> on the Barry Kay Archive website. Retrieved: April 6, 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrie_J._Preston2011" class="citation book cs1">Carrie J. Preston (2011-08-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cfVoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA293">Modernisms Mythic Pose: Gender, Genre, Solo Performance</a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 293–294. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-987744-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-987744-7"><bdi>978-0-19-987744-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modernisms+Mythic+Pose%3A+Gender%2C+Genre%2C+Solo+Performance&rft.pages=293-294&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011-08-08&rft.isbn=978-0-19-987744-7&rft.au=Carrie+J.+Preston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcfVoAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rivera1989-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Rivera1989_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngel_G._Quintero_Rivera1989" class="citation book cs1">Angel G. Quintero Rivera (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tBMoAAAAMAAJ">Music, Social Classes, and the National Question of Puerto Rico</a>. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. p. 34.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Music%2C+Social+Classes%2C+and+the+National+Question+of+Puerto+Rico&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Woodrow+Wilson+International+Center+for+Scholars&rft.date=1989&rft.au=Angel+G.+Quintero+Rivera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtBMoAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buckley2003-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Buckley2003_94-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Buckley2003" class="citation book cs1">Peter Buckley (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7ctjc6UWCm4C&pg=PT195">The Rough Guide to Rock</a>. Rough Guides. p. 195. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-105-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-105-0"><bdi>978-1-84353-105-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Rock&rft.pages=195&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-84353-105-0&rft.au=Peter+Buckley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7ctjc6UWCm4C%26pg%3DPT195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Genius_1992_d779-95"><a href="#cite_ref-Genius_1992_d779_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genius.com/The-magnetic-fields-jeremy-lyrics">"The Magnetic Fields - Jeremy"</a>. Genius. 1992-01-01. Retrieved 2023-07-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Genius&rft.atitle=The+Magnetic+Fields+-+Jeremy&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenius.com%2FThe-magnetic-fields-jeremy-lyrics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>De Fina, Pamela. Maria Theresa: Divine Being, Guided by a Higher Order. Pittsburgh: Dorrance, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8059-4960-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8059-4960-7">0-8059-4960-7</a> <ul><li>About Duncan's adopted daughter; Pamela De Fina, student and protégée of Maria Theresa Duncan from 1979 to 1987 in New York City, received original choreography, which is held at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Library for the Performing Arts">New York Library for the Performing Arts</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Center" title="Lincoln Center">Lincoln Center</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>Duncan, Anna. Anna Duncan: In the footsteps of Isadora. Stockholm: Dansmuseet, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/91-630-3782-3" title="Special:BookSources/91-630-3782-3">91-630-3782-3</a></li> <li>Duncan, Doralee; Pratl, Carol and Splatt, Cynthia (eds.) Life Into Art. Isadora Duncan and Her World. Foreword by <a href="/wiki/Agnes_de_Mille" title="Agnes de Mille">Agnes de Mille</a>. Text by Cynthia Splatt. Hardcover. 199 pages. W. W. Norton & Company, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-03507-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-03507-7">0-393-03507-7</a></li> <li>Duncan, Irma. The Technique of Isadora Duncan. Illustrated. Photographs by Hans V. Briesex. Posed by Isadora, Irma and the Duncan pupils. Austria: Karl Piller, 1937. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87127-028-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-87127-028-5">0-87127-028-5</a></li> <li>Kurth, Peter. Isadora: A Sensational Life. Little Brown, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-316-50726-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-316-50726-1">0-316-50726-1</a></li> <li>Levien, Julia. Duncan Dance: A Guide for Young People Ages Six to Sixteen. Illustrated. Dance Horizons, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87127-198-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87127-198-2">0-87127-198-2</a></li> <li>Peter, Frank-Manuel (ed.) Isadora & Elizabeth Duncan in Germany. Cologne: Wienand Verlag, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-87909-645-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-87909-645-7">3-87909-645-7</a></li> <li>Savinio, Alberto. Isadora Duncan, in Narrate, uomini, la vostra storia. Bompiani,1942, Adelphi, 1984.</li> <li>Schanke, Robert That Furious Lesbian: The Story of Mercedes de Acosta. Carbondale, Ill: Southern Illinois Press, 2003.</li> <li>Stokes, Sewell. Isadora, an Intimate Portrait. New York: Brentanno's Ltd, 1928.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturgesSturges1991" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Preston_Sturges" title="Preston Sturges">Sturges, Preston</a>; Sturges, Sandy (adapt. & ed.) (1991), Preston Sturges on Preston Sturges, Boston: <a href="/wiki/Faber_%26_Faber" title="Faber & Faber">Faber & Faber</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-571-16425-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-571-16425-0"><bdi>0-571-16425-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Preston+Sturges+on+Preston+Sturges&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-571-16425-0&rft.aulast=Sturges&rft.aufirst=Preston&rft.au=Sturges%2C+Sandy+%28adapt.+%26+ed.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Daly, Ann. Done into Dance: Isadora Duncan in America. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171720/http://forums.atlasf1.com/printthread.php?threadid=9925">"Atlas F1 historical research forum about the Amilcar debate"</a>. 2002-07-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.atlasf1.com/printthread.php?threadid=9925">the original</a> on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2007-07-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atlas+F1+historical+research+forum+about+the+Amilcar+debate&rft.date=2002-07-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.atlasf1.com%2Fprintthread.php%3Fthreadid%3D9925&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Isadora_Duncan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" class="extiw" title="commons:Isadora Duncan">Isadora Duncan</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a> Quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Isadora_Duncan" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Isadora Duncan">Isadora Duncan</a> at Wikiquote</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WMGW84_Isadora_Duncans_Birthplace_San_Francisco_CA">"Isadora Duncan's Birthplace"</a>. Waymarking.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Waymarking.com&rft.atitle=Isadora+Duncan%27s+Birthplace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.waymarking.com%2Fwaymarks%2FWMGW84_Isadora_Duncans_Birthplace_San_Francisco_CA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988">, 501 Taylor, San Francisco</li></ul> Archival collections <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isadoraduncan.orchesis-portal.org/The">Isadora Duncan pandect – Everything on the greatest dancer of the 20th century.</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] Dora Stratou Dance Theater, Athens, Greece.</li> <li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isadoraduncanarchive.org">Isadora Duncan Archive</a>- a repository of historical and scholarly reference materials; artistic and archival collections; repertory lists with music; and videos of Duncan choreography. Created by Duncan practitioners, the IDA envisions many dancers, researchers, scholars, students and artists will greatly benefit from this continually expanding and non-commercial resource.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt400025fn/">Finding Aid for the Howard Holtzman Collection on Isadora Duncan ca. 1878–1990 (Collection 1729)</a> UCLA Library Special Collections, Los Angeles, California.</li> <li>Digitized manuscripts from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0008c2pw">Howard Holtzman Collection on Isadora Duncan, ca 1878–1990 (Collection 1729)</a> hosted by the UCLA Digital Library.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf8h4nb5d5">Guide to the Isadora Duncan Dance Programs and Ephemera.</a> Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf8z09p28z">Guide to the Mary Desti Collection on Isadora Duncan, 1901–1930.</a> Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.</li></ul> Other <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dancesbyisadora.com/">Dances By Isadora, Inc.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dancevisionsny.org/">Dance Visions NY, Inc.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isadoraduncan.org/">Isadora Duncan Dance Foundation, Inc.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.duncandance.org/idhsj/">Isadora Duncan Heritage Society Japan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120319193532/http://www.duncandance.org/idhsj/">Archived</a> 2012-03-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isadoraduncan.net/">Isadora Duncan International Institute, Inc.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duncansymposium.com/">Isadora Duncan International Symposium</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190603211216/https://www.duncansymposium.com/">Archived</a> 2019-06-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isadoranow.org/">isadoraNOW Foundation</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchresult.cfm?keyword=Isadora+Duncan">"Images related to Isadora Duncan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NYPL_Digital_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="NYPL Digital Gallery">NYPL Digital Gallery</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NYPL+Digital+Gallery&rft.atitle=Images+related+to+Isadora+Duncan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.nypl.org%2Fnypldigital%2Fdgkeysearchresult.cfm%3Fkeyword%3DIsadora%2BDuncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsadora+Duncan" class="Z3988"> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/search/?q=isadora%20duncan&sg=true">Library of Congress</a> image galleries</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060525205346/http://www.peterkurth.com/ISADORA.htm">Modern Duncan biographer, Peter Kurth's Isadora Duncan page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/puzzlemaster/5441773366/in/pool-vintage_photos_wild_women_by_nyctreeman%7Cpuzzlemaster/">1921 passport photo</a> (flickr.com)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rbth.ru/arts/2014/02/01/isadora_duncan_dancing_with_russians_33731.html">Isadora Duncan: Dancing with Russians</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140219083038/http://rbth.ru/arts/2014/02/01/isadora_duncan_dancing_with_russians_33731.html">Archived</a> 2014-02-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peacehost.net/DiabloDanceTheater/Dwyer_bio_of_ID.htm">ISADORA DUNCAN (1877–1927)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Apollinaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djuna_Barnes" title="Djuna Barnes">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Bely" title="Andrei Bely">Bely</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Broch" title="Hermann Broch">Broch</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bulgakov" title="Mikhail Bulgakov">Bulgakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Chekhov" title="Anton Chekhov">Chekhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Conrad" title="Joseph Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_D%C3%B6blin" title="Alfred Döblin">Döblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._M._Forster" title="E. M. Forster">Forster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Flaubert" title="Gustave Flaubert">Flaubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Madox_Ford" title="Ford Madox Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">Gide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Hamsun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Ha%C5%A1ek" title="Jaroslav Hašek">Hašek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Kafka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Koestler" title="Arthur Koestler">Koestler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._H._Lawrence" title="D. H. Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Mansfield" title="Katherine Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Tommaso_Marinetti" title="Filippo Tommaso Marinetti">Marinetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Musil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dos_Passos" title="John Dos Passos">Dos Passos</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Platonov" title="Andrei Platonov">Platonov</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Anne_Porter" title="Katherine Anne Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Proust" title="Marcel Proust">Proust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Stein" title="Gertrude Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo_Svevo" title="Italo Svevo">Svevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Unamuno</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Woolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernist_poetry" title="Modernist poetry">Poetry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Akhmatova" title="Anna Akhmatova">Akhmatova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Aldington" title="Richard Aldington">Aldington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">Auden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_P._Cavafy" title="Constantine P. Cavafy">Cavafy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Cendrars" title="Blaise Cendrars">Cendrars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Crane" title="Hart Crane">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.D." title="H.D.">H.D.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Desnos" title="Robert Desnos">Desnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_%C3%89luard" title="Paul Éluard">Éluard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis" title="Odysseas Elytis">Elytis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_George" title="Stefan George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Jacob" title="Max Jacob">Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca" title="Federico García Lorca">Lorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Lowell" title="Amy Lowell">Lowell (Amy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lowell" title="Robert Lowell">Lowell (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Mallarm%C3%A9" title="Stéphane Mallarmé">Mallarmé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Moore" title="Marianne Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Owen" title="Wilfred Owen">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa" title="Fernando Pessoa">Pessoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rilke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Seferis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Stevens" title="Wallace Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dylan_Thomas" title="Dylan Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_Tzara" title="Tristan Tzara">Tzara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry" title="Paul Valéry">Valéry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams" title="William Carlos Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">Yeats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_Search_of_Lost_Time" title="In Search of Lost Time">In Search of Lost Time</a> (1913–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Metamorphosis" title="The Metamorphosis">The Metamorphosis</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Waste_Land" title="The Waste Land">The Waste Land</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Mountain" title="The Magic Mountain">The Magic Mountain</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Dalloway" title="Mrs Dalloway">Mrs Dalloway</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises" title="The Sun Also Rises">The Sun Also Rises</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Master_and_Margarita" title="The Master and Margarita">The Master and Margarita</a> (1928–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_and_the_Fury" title="The Sound and the Fury">The Sound and the Fury</a> (1929)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">Visual arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_art" title="Modern art">Painting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Albers" title="Josef Albers">Albers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Arp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthus" title="Balthus">Balthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bellows" title="George Bellows">Bellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Boccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bonnard" title="Pierre Bonnard">Bonnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Br%C3%A2ncu%C8%99i" title="Constantin Brâncuși">Brâncuși</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">Braque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Calder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cassatt" title="Mary Cassatt">Cassatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Paul Cézanne">Cézanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Chagall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico" title="Giorgio de Chirico">Chirico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Claudel" title="Camille Claudel">Claudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Dalí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Degas" title="Edgar Degas">Degas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Kooning" title="Willem de Kooning">Kooning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Delaunay" title="Robert Delaunay">Delaunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Delaunay" title="Sonia Delaunay">Delaunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Demuth" title="Charles Demuth">Demuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Dix" title="Otto Dix">Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Doesburg" title="Theo van Doesburg">Doesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Duchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Dufy" title="Raoul Dufy">Dufy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ensor" title="James Ensor">Ensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Gauguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Giacometti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Goncharova" title="Natalia Goncharova">Goncharova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Gris" title="Juan Gris">Gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grosz" title="George Grosz">Grosz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_H%C3%B6ch" title="Hannah Höch">Höch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hopper" title="Edward Hopper">Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frida_Kahlo" title="Frida Kahlo">Kahlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassily_Kandinsky" title="Wassily Kandinsky">Kandinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner" title="Ernst Ludwig Kirchner">Kirchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Klee" title="Paul Klee">Klee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Kokoschka" title="Oskar Kokoschka">Kokoschka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger" title="Fernand Léger">Léger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte">Magritte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazimir_Malevich" title="Kazimir Malevich">Malevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Manet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Marc" title="Franz Marc">Marc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Matisse" title="Henri Matisse">Matisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Metzinger" title="Jean Metzinger">Metzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Miró</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amedeo_Modigliani" title="Amedeo Modigliani">Modigliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet_Mondrian" title="Piet Mondrian">Mondrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Moore" title="Henry Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Munch" title="Edvard Munch">Munch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Nolde" title="Emil Nolde">Nolde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">O'Keeffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Picabia" title="Francis Picabia">Picabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Pissarro" title="Camille Pissarro">Pissarro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odilon_Redon" title="Odilon Redon">Redon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir" title="Pierre-Auguste Renoir">Renoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Rodin" title="Auguste Rodin">Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Rousseau" title="Henri Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_Schiele" title="Egon Schiele">Schiele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Seurat" title="Georges Seurat">Seurat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Signac" title="Paul Signac">Signac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sisley" title="Alfred Sisley">Sisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Soutine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaim Soutine">Soutine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Steichen" title="Edward Steichen">Steichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Stieglitz" title="Alfred Stieglitz">Stieglitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Toulouse-Lautrec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Van Gogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Vuillard" title="Édouard Vuillard">Vuillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Wood" title="Grant Wood">Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chantal_Akerman" title="Chantal Akerman">Akerman</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aldrich" title="Robert Aldrich">Aldrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Antonioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Avery" title="Tex Avery">Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Bergman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Bresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Buñuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Carné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cassavetes" title="John Cassavetes">Cassavetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Clair" title="René Clair">Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Cocteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Dassin" title="Jules Dassin">Dassin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Deren" title="Maya Deren">Deren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dovzhenko" title="Alexander Dovzhenko">Dovzhenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Theodor_Dreyer" title="Carl Theodor Dreyer">Dreyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Eisenstein" title="Sergei Eisenstein">Eisenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Epstein" title="Jean Epstein">Epstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Werner_Fassbinder" title="Rainer Werner Fassbinder">Fassbinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Fellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Flaherty" title="Robert J. Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Fuller" title="Samuel Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Gance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Godard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hubley" title="John Hubley">Hubley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Jones" title="Chuck Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Keaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Kubrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_Kuleshov" title="Lev Kuleshov">Kuleshov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Kurosawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lang" title="Fritz Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Losey" title="Joseph Losey">Losey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Lupino" title="Ida Lupino">Lupino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Marker" title="Chris Marker">Marker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Minnelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">Murnau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasujir%C5%8D_Ozu" title="Yasujirō Ozu">Ozu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._W._Pabst" title="G. W. Pabst">Pabst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vsevolod_Pudovkin" title="Vsevolod Pudovkin">Pudovkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ray" title="Nicholas Ray">Ray (Nicholas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Ray (Satyajit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Resnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Renoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Rossellini" title="Roberto Rossellini">Rossellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Sirk" title="Douglas Sirk">Sirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Sj%C3%B6str%C3%B6m" title="Victor Sjöström">Sjöström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_von_Sternberg" title="Josef von Sternberg">Sternberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Tarkovsky" title="Andrei Tarkovsky">Tarkovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Tati" title="Jacques Tati">Tati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Trnka" title="Jiří Trnka">Trnka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">Truffaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Varda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dziga_Vertov" title="Dziga Vertov">Vertov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Vigo" title="Jean Vigo">Vigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Welles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wiene" title="Robert Wiene">Wiene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Wood" title="Ed Wood">Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Breuer" title="Marcel Breuer">Breuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bunshaft" title="Gordon Bunshaft">Bunshaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Gaud%C3%AD" title="Antoni Gaudí">Gaudí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Gropius" title="Walter Gropius">Gropius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Guimard" title="Hector Guimard">Guimard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Horta" title="Victor Horta">Horta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedensreich_Hundertwasser" title="Friedensreich Hundertwasser">Hundertwasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Kahn" title="Louis Kahn">Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Loos" title="Adolf Loos">Loos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Melnikov" title="Konstantin Melnikov">Melnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Mendelsohn" title="Erich Mendelsohn">Mendelsohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Luigi_Nervi" title="Pier Luigi Nervi">Nervi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neutra" title="Richard Neutra">Neutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Niemeyer" title="Oscar Niemeyer">Niemeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_Rietveld" title="Gerrit Rietveld">Rietveld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eero_Saarinen" title="Eero Saarinen">Saarinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Sullivan" title="Louis Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Tatlin" title="Vladimir Tatlin">Tatlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe" title="Ludwig Mies van der Rohe">Mies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Sunday_Afternoon_on_the_Island_of_La_Grande_Jatte" title="A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte">A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Sainte-Victoire_(C%C3%A9zanne)" title="Mont Sainte-Victoire (Cézanne)">Mont Sainte-Victoir</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Starry_Night" title="The Starry Night">The Starry Night</a> (1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon" title="Les Demoiselles d'Avignon">Les Demoiselles d'Avignon</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_(Matisse)" title="Dance (Matisse)">The Dance</a> (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nude_Descending_a_Staircase,_No._2" title="Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2">Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Square" title="Black Square">Black Square</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cabinet_of_Dr._Caligari" title="The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_M%C3%A9canique" title="Ballet Mécanique">Ballet Mécanique</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battleship_Potemkin" title="Battleship Potemkin">Battleship Potemkin</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_(1927_film)" title="Metropolis (1927 film)">Metropolis</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Un_Chien_Andalou" title="Un Chien Andalou">Un Chien Andalou</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Savoye" title="Villa Savoye">Villa Savoye</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallingwater" title="Fallingwater">Fallingwater</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshes_of_the_Afternoon" title="Meshes of the Afternoon">Meshes of the Afternoon</a> (1943)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">Performing arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernism_(music)" title="Modernism (music)">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Antheil" title="George Antheil">Antheil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Bartók</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alban_Berg" title="Alban Berg">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Berio" title="Luciano Berio">Berio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Boulanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Boulez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Debussy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Dutilleux" title="Henri Dutilleux">Dutilleux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Falla" title="Manuel de Falla">Falla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_Feldman" title="Morton Feldman">Feldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_G%C3%B3recki" title="Henryk Górecki">Górecki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith">Hindemith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Honegger" title="Arthur Honegger">Honegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ives" title="Charles Ives">Ives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek" title="Leoš Janáček">Janáček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">Ligeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Lutosławski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_Milhaud" title="Darius Milhaud">Milhaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Nono" title="Luigi Nono">Nono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Partch" title="Harry Partch">Partch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Russolo" title="Luigi Russolo">Russolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Satie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Schaeffer" title="Pierre Schaeffer">Schaeffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schoenberg" title="Arnold Schoenberg">Schoenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Stockhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Szymanowski" title="Karol Szymanowski">Szymanowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgard_Var%C3%A8se" title="Edgard Varèse">Varèse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitor_Villa-Lobos" title="Heitor Villa-Lobos">Villa-Lobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Webern" title="Anton Webern">Webern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weill" title="Kurt Weill">Weill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernist_theatre" title="Modernist theatre">Theatre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Anderson" title="Maxwell Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Anouilh" title="Jean Anouilh">Anouilh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Artaud" title="Antonin Artaud">Artaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Chekhov" title="Anton Chekhov">Chekhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Ibsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jarry" title="Alfred Jarry">Jarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Kaiser" title="Georg Kaiser">Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maeterlinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Mayakovsky" title="Vladimir Mayakovsky">Mayakovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_O%27Casey" title="Seán O'Casey">O'Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Osborne" title="John Osborne">Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Pirandello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Piscator" title="Erwin Piscator">Piscator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Strindberg" title="August Strindberg">Strindberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Toller" title="Ernst Toller">Toller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Wedekind" title="Frank Wedekind">Wedekind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thornton_Wilder" title="Thornton Wilder">Wilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ignacy_Witkiewicz" title="Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz">Witkiewicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_dance" title="Modern dance">Dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Balanchine" title="George Balanchine">Balanchine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Diaghilev" title="Sergei Diaghilev">Diaghilev</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Fokine" title="Michel Fokine">Fokine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loie_Fuller" title="Loie Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanya_Holm" title="Hanya Holm">Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Laban">Laban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onide_Massine" title="Léonide Massine">Massine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaslav_Nijinsky" title="Vaslav Nijinsky">Nijinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Shawn" title="Ted Shawn">Shawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Sokolow" title="Anna Sokolow">Sokolow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_St._Denis" title="Ruth St. Denis">St. Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Tamiris" title="Helen Tamiris">Tamiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grete_Wiesenthal" title="Grete Wiesenthal">Wiesenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wigman" title="Mary Wigman">Wigman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don_Juan_(Strauss)" title="Don Juan (Strauss)">Don Juan</a> (1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubu_Roi" title="Ubu Roi">Ubu Roi</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkl%C3%A4rte_Nacht" title="Verklärte Nacht">Verklärte Nacht</a> (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pell%C3%A9as_et_M%C3%A9lisande_(opera)" title="Pelléas et Mélisande (opera)">Pelléas et Mélisande</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salome_(opera)" title="Salome (opera)">Salome</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Firebird" title="The Firebird">The Firebird</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afternoon_of_a_Faun_(Nijinsky)" title="Afternoon of a Faun (Nijinsky)">Afternoon of a Faun</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rite_of_Spring" title="The Rite of Spring">The Rite of Spring</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp)" title="Fountain (Duchamp)">Fountain</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Characters_in_Search_of_an_Author" title="Six Characters in Search of an Author">Six Characters in Search of an Author</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Threepenny_Opera" title="The Threepenny Opera">The Threepenny Opera</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_Godot" title="Waiting for Godot">Waiting for Godot</a> (1953)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_modernism" title="American modernism">American modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armory_Show" title="Armory Show">Armory Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">Avant-garde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballets_Russes" title="Ballets Russes">Ballets Russes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Group" title="Bloomsbury Group">Bloomsbury Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Buddhist modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degenerate_art" title="Degenerate art">Degenerate art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecomodernism" title="Ecomodernism">Ecomodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_dimension_in_art" title="Fourth dimension in art">Fourth dimension in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_dimension_in_literature" title="Fourth dimension in literature">Fourth dimension in literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_School_of_Modern_Art" title="Grosvenor School of Modern Art">Grosvenor School of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanshinkan_Modernism" title="Hanshinkan Modernism">Hanshinkan Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_modernism" title="High modernism">High modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Hippie modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism_in_music" title="Impressionism in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism_(literature)" title="Impressionism (literature)">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionism" title="Post-Impressionism">Post-</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incoherents" title="Incoherents">Incoherents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Style" title="International Style">International Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_modernism" title="Late modernism">Late modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_modernity" title="Late modernity">Late modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_movements" title="List of art movements">List of art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_avant-garde_artists" title="List of avant-garde artists">List of avant-garde artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modernist_poets" title="List of modernist poets">List of modernist poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalism" title="Maximalism">Maximalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernity" title="Modernity">Modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-primitivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-primitivism">Neo-primitivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo-romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity" title="New Objectivity">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_modernism" title="Reactionary modernism">Reactionary modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamodernism" title="Metamodernism">Metamodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernism" title="Remodernism">Remodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Viennese_School" title="Second Viennese School">Second Viennese School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar modernism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="position:absolute;">← <a href="/wiki/Template:Romanticism" title="Template:Romanticism">Romanticism</a></div> <div style="position:absolute;right:0;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Postmodernism" title="Template:Postmodernism">Postmodernism</a> →</div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Modernism" title="Category:Modernism">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483512#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483512#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483512#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121349023">ISNI</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000368642651">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/59124789">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/44711/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhhvhbtqPRTw3DYrgXw4q">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118528122">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79123616">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500337352">ULAN</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/ef38e415-eb4b-49de-a627-de9b733e422b">MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/ressources/repertoire-artistes-personnalites/53586">Musée d'Orsay</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/337631">Photographers' Identities</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/811808">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118528122.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a 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