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Exodus 1:13 They worked the Israelites ruthlessly
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frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/exodus/1-12.htm" title="Exodus 1:12">◄</a> Exodus 1:13 <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm" title="Exodus 1:14">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter"> (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/exodus/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />and worked them ruthlessly.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/exodus/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />So the Egyptians worked the people of Israel without mercy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/exodus/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />So they ruthlessly made the people of Israel work as slaves<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />They worked the Israelites ruthlessly<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/exodus/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/exodus/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />So the Egyptians made the children of Israel serve with rigor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/exodus/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />The Egyptians used violence to compel the sons of Israel to labor;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/exodus/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />The Egyptians compelled the sons of Israel to labor rigorously;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/exodus/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />And the Egyptians compelled the sons of Israel to labor rigorously;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/exodus/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />So the Egyptians brutally compelled the sons of Israel to slave labor;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/exodus/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />And the Egyptians made the Israelites serve rigorously [forcing them into severe slavery].<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/exodus/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />They worked the Israelites ruthlessly<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/exodus/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />They worked the Israelites ruthlessly<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/exodus/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/exodus/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />and made them work so hard <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/exodus/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/exodus/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />So they forced the Israelites to work hard as slaves.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/exodus/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />The Egyptians ruthlessly forced the Israelis to serve them, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/exodus/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />They worked the Israelites ruthlessly<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/exodus/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />and they made the Israelites serve rigorously.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/exodus/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />And the Egyptians ruthlessly made the children of Israel labor, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/exodus/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/exodus/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />The Egyptians ruthlessly made the children of Israel serve, <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/exodus/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and the Egyptians cause the sons of Israel to serve with rigor,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/exodus/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and the Egyptians cause the sons of Israel to serve with rigour,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/exodus/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And the Egyptians will make the sons of Israel serve by oppression.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/exodus/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And the Egyptians hated the children of Israel, and afflicted them and mocked them: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/exodus/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And the Egyptians hated the sons of Israel, and they afflicted them and mocked them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/exodus/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />So the Egyptians reduced the Israelites to cruel slavery,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/exodus/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />The Egyptians became ruthless in imposing tasks on the Israelites,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/exodus/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />So the Egyptians oppressed the children of Israel severely;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/exodus/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And the Egyptians were oppressing the children of Israel with hardship:<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/exodus/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/exodus/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And the Egyptians tyrannised over the children of Israel by force.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/exodus/1-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=83" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm">Oppression by a New King</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">12</span>But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and flourished; so the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites. <span class="reftext">13</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/5647.htm" title="5647: way·ya·‘ă·ḇi·ḏū (Conj-w:: V-Hifil-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To work, serve. A primitive root; to work; by implication, to serve, till, enslave, etc.">They worked</a> <a href="/hebrew/4713.htm" title="4713: miṣ·ra·yim (N-proper-fs) -- Inhab. of Eg. From Mitsrayim; a Mitsrite, or inhabitant of Mitsrajim."></a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: bə·nê (N-mpc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">the Israelites</a> <a href="/hebrew/3478.htm" title="3478: yiś·rā·’êl (N-proper-ms) -- From sarah and 'el; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also of his posterity."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6531.htm" title="6531: bə·p̄ā·reḵ (Prep-b:: N-ms) -- Harshness, severity. From an unused root meaning to break apart; fracture, i.e. Severity.">ruthlessly</a> </span><span class="reftext">14</span>and made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar, and with all kinds of work in the fields. Every service they imposed was harsh.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/5-9.htm">Exodus 5:9</a></span><br />Make the work harder on the men so they will be occupied and pay no attention to these lies.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/6-9.htm">Exodus 6:9</a></span><br />Moses relayed this message to the Israelites, but on account of their broken spirit and cruel bondage, they did not listen to him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/25-43.htm">Leviticus 25:43</a></span><br />You are not to rule over them harshly, but you shall fear your God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/26-6.htm">Deuteronomy 26:6</a></span><br />But the Egyptians mistreated us and afflicted us, putting us to hard labor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/judges/10-16.htm">Judges 10:16</a></span><br />So they put away the foreign gods from among them and served the LORD, and He could no longer bear the misery of Israel.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/9-21.htm">1 Kings 9:21</a></span><br />their descendants who remained in the land, those whom the Israelites were unable to devote to destruction—Solomon conscripted these people to be forced laborers, as they are to this day.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/nehemiah/9-27.htm">Nehemiah 9:27</a></span><br />So You delivered them into the hands of enemies who oppressed them, and in their time of distress they cried out to You. From heaven You heard them, and in Your great compassion You gave them deliverers who saved them from the hands of their enemies.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/81-6.htm">Psalm 81:6</a></span><br />“I relieved his shoulder of the burden; his hands were freed from the basket.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/14-3.htm">Isaiah 14:3</a></span><br />On the day that the LORD gives you rest from your pain and torment, and from the hard labor into which you were forced,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/50-33.htm">Jeremiah 50:33</a></span><br />This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “The sons of Israel are oppressed, and the sons of Judah as well. All their captors hold them fast, refusing to release them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/34-27.htm">Ezekiel 34:27</a></span><br />The trees of the field will give their fruit, and the land will yield its produce; My flock will be secure in their land. Then they will know that I am the LORD, when I have broken the bars of their yoke and delivered them from the hands that enslaved them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/23-4.htm">Matthew 23:4</a></span><br />They tie up heavy, burdensome loads and lay them on men’s shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to lift a finger to move them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/11-46.htm">Luke 11:46</a></span><br />“Woe to you as well, experts in the law!” He replied. “For you weigh men down with heavy burdens, but you yourselves will not lift a finger to lighten their load.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/8-34.htm">John 8:34</a></span><br />Jesus replied, “Truly, truly, I tell you, everyone who sins is a slave to sin.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-19.htm">Acts 7:19</a></span><br />He exploited our people and oppressed our fathers, forcing them to abandon their infants so they would die.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor:</p><p class="hdg">no reference </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/genesis/45-1.htm">Cause</a> <a href="/exodus/1-12.htm">Children</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-6.htm">Compelled</a> <a href="/exodus/1-12.htm">Egyptians</a> <a href="/revelation/2-19.htm">Harder</a> <a href="/ezekiel/34-4.htm">Harshness</a> <a href="/exodus/1-12.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/exodus/1-11.htm">Labor</a> <a href="/colossians/2-23.htm">Rigor</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Rigorously</a> <a href="/ezekiel/34-4.htm">Rigour</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-14.htm">Ruthlessly</a> <a href="/genesis/43-31.htm">Serve</a> <a href="/exodus/1-11.htm">Work</a> <a href="/genesis/31-41.htm">Worked</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Cause</a> <a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Children</a> <a href="/exodus/3-19.htm">Compelled</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Egyptians</a> <a href="/exodus/5-9.htm">Harder</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Harshness</a> <a href="/exodus/2-23.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/exodus/5-11.htm">Labor</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Rigor</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Rigorously</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Rigour</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Ruthlessly</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Serve</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Work</a> <a href="/exodus/26-1.htm">Worked</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-1.htm">The children of Israel, after Joseph's death, increase.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-8.htm">The more they are oppressed by a new king, the more they multiply.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-15.htm">The godliness of the midwives in saving the male children alive.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-22.htm">Pharaoh commands the male children to be cast into the river</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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This period marks the beginning of Israel's enslavement in Egypt, a significant event in biblical history. The Egyptians, fearing the growing population of the Israelites, sought to suppress them through harsh labor. This oppression fulfills the prophecy given to Abraham in <a href="/genesis/15-13.htm">Genesis 15:13</a>, where God foretold that his descendants would be strangers in a land not their own and would be enslaved and mistreated for 400 years.<br><br>The term "ruthlessly" indicates the severity and cruelty of the Egyptians' treatment. This harshness is further described in <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Exodus 1:14</a>, where the Israelites are forced to perform backbreaking labor in brick and mortar and all kinds of fieldwork. The Egyptians' intent was to break the spirit of the Israelites and control their population growth, as seen in Pharaoh's earlier decree to kill all newborn Hebrew boys (<a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Exodus 1:16</a>).<br><br>Culturally, this period of enslavement is significant as it sets the stage for the eventual deliverance of the Israelites, a central theme in the book of Exodus. The harsh treatment of the Israelites contrasts with God's promise of deliverance and blessing, highlighting the tension between human oppression and divine salvation.<br><br>Theologically, this oppression can be seen as a type of the bondage of sin, from which Christ delivers believers. Just as God raised Moses to lead the Israelites out of physical slavery, Jesus Christ is seen as the ultimate deliverer who frees humanity from spiritual slavery. This connection is reinforced in the New Testament, where Jesus is often portrayed as the new Moses, leading His people to spiritual freedom.<br><br>In summary, this phrase encapsulates the beginning of a pivotal period in Israel's history, characterized by severe oppression that ultimately leads to their deliverance and the fulfillment of God's promises.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a></b><br>The ruler of Egypt who enslaved the Israelites, fearing their growing numbers and potential power.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/i/israelites.htm">Israelites</a></b><br>The descendants of Jacob (Israel) who were living in Egypt and subjected to harsh slavery.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The land where the Israelites were enslaved, representing a place of oppression and bondage.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/t/taskmasters.htm">Taskmasters</a></b><br>Egyptian overseers appointed by Pharaoh to enforce the harsh labor on the Israelites.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a></b><br>Though not directly mentioned in this verse, he is a central figure in the Exodus account, eventually leading the Israelites out of Egypt.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/u/understanding_oppression.htm">Understanding Oppression</a></b><br>Recognize that oppression and suffering are not outside of God's knowledge or plan. He is aware and has a purpose even in difficult circumstances.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness.htm">God's Faithfulness</a></b><br>Trust in God's promises. Just as He foretold the Israelites' enslavement and eventual deliverance, He is faithful to His word.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/cry_out_to_god.htm">Cry Out to God</a></b><br>In times of distress, follow the example of the Israelites by crying out to God, knowing that He hears and responds to the cries of His people.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/spiritual_bondage.htm">Spiritual Bondage</a></b><br>Reflect on the spiritual bondage of sin and how God offers deliverance through Jesus Christ, paralleling the physical deliverance of the Israelites.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/p/perseverance_in_trials.htm">Perseverance in Trials</a></b><br>Learn to persevere through trials, understanding that God can use them to strengthen faith and character.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/bible's_view_on_trials.htm">What does the Bible say about trials and tribulations?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/summarize_the_exodus_from_egypt..htm">What is the summary of the Exodus from Egypt?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_to_reconcile_exodus_1's_lack_of_evidence.htm">Exodus 1 in general – How do we reconcile the apparent lack of extra-biblical evidence or records that confirm both the massive presence of Hebrews and the oppression described?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/could_a_nation_want_egypt_after_miracles.htm">In Numbers 14:2, how plausible is it that a whole nation would suddenly wish to return to Egypt after seeing so many miraculous events? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) <span class= "bld">With rigour.</span>--Forced labour in Egypt was of a very severe character. Those condemned to it worked from morning to night under the rod of a task-master, which was freely applied to their legs or backs, if they rested their weary limbs for a moment. (See <span class= "ital">Records of the Past, </span>vol. viii. p. 149; Chabas, <span class= "ital">Melanges Egyptolo-giques, </span>vol. ii. p. 121). The heat of the sun was great; the burthens which the labourers had to carry were heavy, and the toil was incessant. Death often resulted from the, excessive work. According to Herodotus, a single monarch, Neco, destroyed in this way 120,000 of his subjects (<span class= "ital">Herod, ii.</span> 158).<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 13.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">The Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour</span>. The word translated rigour is a very rare one. It is derived from a root which means "to break in pieces, to crush." The "rigour" would be shown especially in the free use of the stick by the taskmaster, and in the prolongation of the hours of work. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/exodus/1-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">They worked</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיַּעֲבִ֧דוּ</span> <span class="translit">(way·ya·‘ă·ḇi·ḏū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5647.htm">Strong's 5647: </a> </span><span class="str2">To work, to serve, till, enslave</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the Israelites</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּנֵ֥י</span> <span class="translit">(bə·nê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">ruthlessly</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּפָֽרֶךְ׃</span> <span class="translit">(bə·p̄ā·reḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6531.htm">Strong's 6531: </a> </span><span class="str2">Harshness, severity</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/exodus/1-13.htm">Exodus 1:13 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/exodus/1-13.htm">OT Law: Exodus 1:13 The Egyptians ruthlessly made the children (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/1-12.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 1:12"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 1:12" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/1-14.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 1:14"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 1:14" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>