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(PDF) Apathy, Ignorance or Natural Death? Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy | Sumahan Bandyopadhyay - Academia.edu
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Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy | Sumahan Bandyopadhyay - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/37970308/Apathy_Ignorance_or_Natural_Death_Present_State_of_Museums_in_West_Bengal_India_and_its_Implication_for_Anthropological_Study_of_Culture_and_Policy" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732408902000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732408902000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"West Bengal, one of the eastern states of India has the oldest museum in the country apart from housing probably the highest number of museums in India. These museums are showcases of the rich cultural heritage of the country and its development during prehistoric and historical times, artistic and innovative skills of the people, colonial connections and national sentiments. In spite of such a glory and apparent prosperity, the museums in the state are facing a number of problems. It is revealed that many of the museums exist only in name being seldom visited by the common people barring a few connoisseur and researchers. These are run by individual effort and financial support leaving little scope for proper maintenance of objects through appropriate methods of conservation and display. The state neither has a definite policy for the museums, nor does it have any up-to-date data on the number of the museums in the state. It may be said that there is an apathetic attitude and lack of awareness on the both sides of the state and the people residing there. This situation leads to the virtual death of museums when it fails to run its business. What are the reasons behind this situation in which so many museums exist but cannot function up to expectation? How can the interest or involvement with the museums be inspired or inculcated or at least be generated within the people in general? The present paper attempts to find an answer to these questions touching the frames of Foucauldian concept of power and cultural heterotrophy. The discussion deals with numbers, distribution and typology of museums in the state, their historical development and the factors that have contributed to the development of museums in the state, the multifarious roles museums perform and people\u0026amp;#39;s engagement with museums. By way of this discussion, the paper tends to focus on how people conceive of museum and how the cultural artifacts of museum become a site for anthropological study of ontology of culture. The paper ends with a pragmatic note suggesting a museum-policy for the state.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Sumahan Bandyopadhyay"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2018-12-13","dateModified":"2018-12-13","datePublished":"2018-01-01","headline":"Apathy, Ignorance or Natural Death? Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Museum Anthropology"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Anthropology Open Journal","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/37970308/Apathy_Ignorance_or_Natural_Death_Present_State_of_Museums_in_West_Bengal_India_and_its_Implication_for_Anthropological_Study_of_Culture_and_Policy","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link 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These museums are showcases of the rich cultural heritage of the country and its development during prehistoric and historical times, artistic and innovative skills of the people, colonial connections and national sentiments. In spite of such a glory and apparent prosperity, the museums in the state are facing a number of problems. It is revealed that many of the museums exist only in name being seldom visited by the common people barring a few connoisseur and researchers. These are run by individual effort and financial support leaving little scope for proper maintenance of objects through appropriate methods of conservation and display. The state neither has a definite policy for the museums, nor does it have any up-to-date data on the number of the museums in the state. It may be said that there is an apathetic attitude and lack of awareness on the both sides of the state and the people residing there. This situation leads to the virtual death of museums when it fails to run its business. What are the reasons behind this situation in which so many museums exist but cannot function up to expectation? How can the interest or involvement with the museums be inspired or inculcated or at least be generated within the people in general? The present paper attempts to find an answer to these questions touching the frames of Foucauldian concept of power and cultural heterotrophy. The discussion deals with numbers, distribution and typology of museums in the state, their historical development and the factors that have contributed to the development of museums in the state, the multifarious roles museums perform and people's engagement with museums. By way of this discussion, the paper tends to focus on how people conceive of museum and how the cultural artifacts of museum become a site for anthropological study of ontology of culture. The paper ends with a pragmatic note suggesting a museum-policy for the state.","page_numbers":"18-31","publication_date":"2018,,","publication_name":"Anthropology Open Journal "},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Apathy, Ignorance or Natural Death? Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [89892715]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":57986215,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Apathy, Ignorance or Natural Death? 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Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="89892715" href="https://independent.academia.edu/sumahanBanerjee"><img alt="Profile image of Sumahan Bandyopadhyay" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/89892715/21602027/20947674/s65_sumahan.bandyopadhyay.jpg" />Sumahan Bandyopadhyay</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2018, Anthropology Open Journal </p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md"> West Bengal, one of the eastern states of India has the oldest museum in the country apart from housing probably the highest number of museums in India. These museums are showcases of the rich cultural heritage of the country and its development during prehistoric and historical times, artistic and innovative skills of the people, colonial connections and national sentiments. In spite of such a glory and apparent prosperity, the museums in the state are facing a number of problems. It is revealed that many of the museums exist only in name being seldom visited by the common people barring a few connoisseur and researchers. These are run by individual effort and financial support leaving little scope for proper maintenance of objects through appropriate methods of conservation and display. The state neither has a definite policy for the museums, nor does it have any up-to-date data on the number of the museums in the state. It may be said that there is an apathetic attitude and lack of awareness on the both sides of the state and the people residing there. This situation leads to the virtual death of museums when it fails to run its business. What are the reasons behind this situation in which so many museums exist but cannot function up to expectation? How can the interest or involvement with the museums be inspired or inculcated or at least be generated within the people in general? The present paper attempts to find an answer to these questions touching the frames of Foucauldian concept of power and cultural heterotrophy. The discussion deals with numbers, distribution and typology of museums in the state, their historical development and the factors that have contributed to the development of museums in the state, the multifarious roles museums perform and people's engagement with museums. By way of this discussion, the paper tends to focus on how people conceive of museum and how the cultural artifacts of museum become a site for anthropological study of ontology of culture. The paper ends with a pragmatic note suggesting a museum-policy for the state.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":57986215,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/37970308/Apathy_Ignorance_or_Natural_Death_Present_State_of_Museums_in_West_Bengal_India_and_its_Implication_for_Anthropological_Study_of_Culture_and_Policy"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":57986215,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/37970308/Apathy_Ignorance_or_Natural_Death_Present_State_of_Museums_in_West_Bengal_India_and_its_Implication_for_Anthropological_Study_of_Culture_and_Policy"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="57986215" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/37970308/Apathy_Ignorance_or_Natural_Death_Present_State_of_Museums_in_West_Bengal_India_and_its_Implication_for_Anthropological_Study_of_Culture_and_Policy" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="38424193" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38424193/Museums_and_Indigenous_Societies_An_attempt_to_understand_the_contemporary_role_of_museums_towards_their_communities">Museums and Indigenous Societies: An attempt to understand the contemporary role of museums towards their communities</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2427778" href="https://juniv.academia.edu/SikderMdZulkernine">Sikder Md Zulkernine</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Jahangirnagar Review, Part-C, Vol. XXIII, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aims of the essay are to discuss about the contemporary role of museum towards the community and the indigenous society. 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The main job of anthropological museums is to interact with masses and educate the society at large by disseminating the knowledge of biological and cultural aspects of mankind from prehistoric era to contemporary times. By and large all anthropological museums have a rich collection of ethnographic objects collected from different ethnic group especially vulnerable communities. Thus, museums are playing more active roles in the regeneration and promotion of the cultural traditions and social histories of local communities, especially the “populations at risk” who are undergoing rapid social change. To ‘experience’ rather than abstract ‘understanding’` the Indian culture one should make a visit to museums in general and anthropological museums in particular. Anthropological Museum through its exhibits can play a vital role towards empowering the community people highlighting their potentialities in preservation of medicinal plants, water harvesting mechanism, knowledge of traditional architecture, expertise in art and crafts and conservation of forest in the form of sacred grooves, other traditional knowledge, prevalent among the various communities. Museum is a public institution. It occupies a very important place in democracy. It is run by the people, it stands for the people and it is an institution of the people. Man’s right to knowledge and free use thereof is a key to the success of democracy. Museum, being an agent of education promotes knowledge through its exhibits. The present paper is an attempt to highlight the different dimensions of anthropological museum and how it is relevant to the society or in public domain.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ANTHROPOLOGICAL MUSEUM AND ITS RELEVANCE IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN","attachmentId":100367102,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99220526/ANTHROPOLOGICAL_MUSEUM_AND_ITS_RELEVANCE_IN_THE_PUBLIC_DOMAIN","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/99220526/ANTHROPOLOGICAL_MUSEUM_AND_ITS_RELEVANCE_IN_THE_PUBLIC_DOMAIN"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="90959401" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90959401/Museums_as_Intangible_Heritage_National_Museum_of_Natural_History_Nmnh_New_Delhi_a_Case_Study">Museums as Intangible Heritage: National Museum of Natural History (Nmnh), New Delhi : a Case Study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30594861" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KamalNazia">Nazia Kamal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The role of museum is to acquire, preserve and promote their collections as a contribution to safeguarding the natural and cultural heritage. Preservation, study and transmission of this heritage are of great importance for all societies, for inter-cultural dialogue and sustainable development. Interaction with the constituent community and promotion of heritage is an integral part of the educational role of the museum. Museums have great potential to raise public awareness on the benefit of heritage, its value and importance for societies. In recent years museum is experiencing one of the most noteworthy transformations with global recognition of the urgent need to preserve the intangible heritage. The international community (UNESCO) has also become conscious that Intangible Heritage needs and deserves international safeguarding. This paper focuses the case study of National Museum of Natural History, New Delhi (India) with safeguarding Intangible Natural Heritage. This is the fir...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Museums as Intangible Heritage: National Museum of Natural History (Nmnh), New Delhi : a Case Study","attachmentId":94379405,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90959401/Museums_as_Intangible_Heritage_National_Museum_of_Natural_History_Nmnh_New_Delhi_a_Case_Study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90959401/Museums_as_Intangible_Heritage_National_Museum_of_Natural_History_Nmnh_New_Delhi_a_Case_Study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="87754276" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87754276/Another_history_of_museums_from_the_discourse_to_the_museum_piece">Another history of museums: from the discourse to the museum-piece</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="372404" href="https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/DominiquePoulot">Dominique Poulot</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The history of museums could get inspired on the procedures of material studies and of Anthropology in order to take a new stand and move away from the institutional approach and consider the approach of objects traditionally labelled as museum objects. The so-called &quot;museum pieces&quot; are supposed to have a number of characteristics, particularly some great historical and artistic qualities, sometimes an heritage quality, but above all the ability to make &quot;friends&quot; around the community or around the world. In all these respects, it is proposed here a number of research procedures that may supplement or enrich the directions usually assigned to the history of institutions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Another history of museums: from the discourse to the museum-piece","attachmentId":91880337,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87754276/Another_history_of_museums_from_the_discourse_to_the_museum_piece","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87754276/Another_history_of_museums_from_the_discourse_to_the_museum_piece"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="10950015" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10950015/WHY_DO_MUSEUMS_MATTER_A_CASE_STUDY_ON_THE_MARAMURES_COUNTY_MUSEUMS">WHY DO MUSEUMS MATTER? A CASE STUDY ON THE MARAMURES COUNTY MUSEUMS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1008347" href="https://unibuc.academia.edu/AdelaComan">Adela Coman</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21420786" href="https://utcluj.academia.edu/IzabelaPop">Izabela Luiza Pop</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The first natural question that any museum visitor should ask himself/herself should be related to the importance and the role played by museums in the economy of the 21st Century. Do museums have any contribution to the market economy and to the development of society in general? Just like any other organization, the museum’s role is to create products, services and information in order to satisfy man’s needs. What is nevertheless different from private organizations is the fact that a museum’s survival in the marketplace is not dependent on the breakeven point. In Romania, unlike other European states, the activity of museums is entirely state-funded no matter if any minimal parameters are reached or not. Under these circumstances is the existence and functionality of museums still justified, or are these mere useless consumers of resources which only burden the state’s already weak budget with extra expenses? The purpose of this article is to sketch an economic perspective of museums as productive organizations. In the case study carried out in the Maramureş County museums we seek to demonstrate the economic and social benefits of museums through concrete figures, as well as to identify the possible ways of improving their performance.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"WHY DO MUSEUMS MATTER? A CASE STUDY ON THE MARAMURES COUNTY MUSEUMS","attachmentId":36705743,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10950015/WHY_DO_MUSEUMS_MATTER_A_CASE_STUDY_ON_THE_MARAMURES_COUNTY_MUSEUMS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10950015/WHY_DO_MUSEUMS_MATTER_A_CASE_STUDY_ON_THE_MARAMURES_COUNTY_MUSEUMS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="70537793" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70537793/Cultural_Studies_and_its_Contribution_to_Understanding_the_Phenomena_of_Rapid_Museum_Growth">Cultural Studies and its Contribution to Understanding the Phenomena of Rapid Museum Growth</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44097059" href="https://hazu.academia.edu/KlementinaBatina">Klementina Batina</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cultural Studies and its Contribution to Understanding the Phenomena of Rapid Museum Growth","attachmentId":80249218,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70537793/Cultural_Studies_and_its_Contribution_to_Understanding_the_Phenomena_of_Rapid_Museum_Growth","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70537793/Cultural_Studies_and_its_Contribution_to_Understanding_the_Phenomena_of_Rapid_Museum_Growth"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="25775149" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25775149/Towards_a_Transnational_History_of_Museums_An_Introduction">Towards a Transnational History of Museums – An Introduction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7440527" href="https://tu-berlin.academia.edu/benedictesavoy">benedicte savoy</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49552974" href="https://tu-berlin.academia.edu/AMeyer">Andrea Meyer</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Towards a Transnational History of Museums – An Introduction","attachmentId":46132182,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25775149/Towards_a_Transnational_History_of_Museums_An_Introduction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span 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ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45655861/Riccioni_I_2021_Chapter_Two_The_Social_Turn_of_Institutions_Museums_as_Social_Spaces_Memory_Builders_and_Social_Discourse_Stimulants">Riccioni I. 2021. Chapter Two The Social Turn of Institutions: Museums as Social Spaces, Memory Builders, and Social Discourse Stimulants</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1295959" href="https://unibz.academia.edu/IlariaRiccioni">Ilaria Riccioni</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1175320" href="https://rudn.academia.edu/ElenaPolyudova">Elena Polyudova</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="162613725" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariseldaTessarolo">Mariselda Tessarolo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">in Polyudova E. (ed.) 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