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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifania" title="Epifania – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Epifania" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erleuchtung" title="Erleuchtung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erleuchtung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_(%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="اپیفانی (احساس) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اپیفانی (احساس)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89piphanie_(sentiment)" title="Épiphanie (sentiment) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Épiphanie (sentiment)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_(%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%A9)" title="התגלות (רגש) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התגלות (רגש)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphanie" title="Epiphanie – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Epiphanie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanie_(geveul)" title="Epifanie (geveul) – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Epifanie (geveul)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epif%C3%A1nia" title="Epifánia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Epifánia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanie_(literatuur)" title="Epifanie (literatuur) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Epifanie (literatuur)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%94%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC_(%E6%84%9F%E8%A6%9A)" title="エピファニー (感覚) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エピファニー (感覚)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifania" title="Epifania – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Epifania" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifani_(duygu)" title="Epifani (duygu) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Epifani (duygu)" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sudden understanding of something's essence</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the feeling. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Epiphany (disambiguation)">Epiphany</a>.</div> <p>An <b>epiphany</b> (from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">ancient Greek</a> ἐπιφάνεια, <i>epiphanea</i>, "manifestation, striking appearance") is an experience of a sudden and striking realization. Generally the term is used to describe a scientific breakthrough or a religious or philosophical discovery, but it can apply in any situation in which an enlightening realization allows a problem or situation to be understood from a new and deeper perspective. Epiphanies are studied by <a href="/wiki/Psychologist" title="Psychologist">psychologists</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jarvis1996_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarvis1996-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McDonald2008_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McDonald2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other scholars, particularly those attempting to study the process of <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-10_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LeemingMadden2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeemingMadden2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Epiphanies are relatively rare occurrences and generally follow a process of significant thought about a problem. Often they are triggered by a new and key piece of information, but importantly, a depth of prior knowledge is required to allow the leap of understanding.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-10_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kawasaki2008-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Famous epiphanies include <a href="/wiki/Archimedes" title="Archimedes">Archimedes</a>'s discovery of a method to determine the volume of an irregular object ("<a href="/wiki/Eureka_(word)" title="Eureka (word)">Eureka</a>!") and <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>'s realization that a falling apple and the orbiting moon are both pulled by the same force.<sup id="cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kawasaki2008-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tigges1999_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tigges1999-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(feeling)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>epiphany</i> originally referred to insight through the <a href="/wiki/Divinity" title="Divinity">divine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, this concept is more often used without such connotations, but a popular implication remains that the epiphany is <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a>, as the discovery seems to come suddenly from the outside.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-5_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The word's secular usage may owe much of its popularity to Irish novelist <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a>. The Joycean epiphany has been defined as "a sudden spiritual manifestation, whether from some object, scene, event, or memorable phase of the mind – the manifestation being out of proportion to the significance or strictly logical relevance of whatever produces it".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The author used epiphany as a literary device within each entry of his short story collection <i><a href="/wiki/Dubliners" title="Dubliners">Dubliners</a></i> (1914); his <a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">protagonists</a> came to sudden recognitions that changed their view of themselves and/or their social conditions. Joyce had first expounded on epiphany's meaning in the fragment <i><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hero" title="Stephen Hero">Stephen Hero</a></i> (published posthumously in 1944). For the philosopher <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_L%C3%A9vinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmanuel Lévinas">Emmanuel Lévinas</a>, epiphany or a manifestation of the divine is seen in another's face (see <a href="/wiki/Face-to-face_(philosophy)" title="Face-to-face (philosophy)">face-to-face</a>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flammarion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flammarion.jpg/220px-Flammarion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flammarion.jpg/330px-Flammarion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flammarion.jpg/440px-Flammarion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3614" data-file-height="3027" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Flammarion_engraving" title="Flammarion engraving">Flammarion engraving</a>. From "L'atmosphère", book of 1888.</figcaption></figure> <p>In traditional and pre-modern cultures, <a href="/wiki/Initiation" title="Initiation">initiation</a> rites and <a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">mystery religions</a> have served as vehicles of epiphany, as well as the arts. The <a href="/wiki/Greek_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek drama">Greek dramatists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek poetry">poets</a> would, in the ideal, induct the audience into states of <i><a href="/wiki/Catharsis" title="Catharsis">catharsis</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Kenosis" title="Kenosis">kenosis</a></i>, respectively. In modern times an epiphany lies behind the title of <a href="/wiki/William_Burroughs" class="mw-redirect" title="William Burroughs">William Burroughs</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch" title="Naked Lunch">Naked Lunch</a></i>, a drug-influenced state, as Burroughs explained, "a frozen moment when everyone sees what is at the end of the fork." Both the <a href="/wiki/Dadaist" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadaist">Dadaist</a> <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pop_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop Art">Pop Artist</a> <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a> would invert expectations by presenting commonplace objects or graphics as works of <a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">fine art</a> (for example a <a href="/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp)" title="Fountain (Duchamp)">urinal as a fountain</a>), simply by presenting them in a way no one had thought to do before; the result was intended to induce an epiphany of "what art is" or is not. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Process">Process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(feeling)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Epiphanies can come in many different forms, and are often generated by a complex combination of experience, memory, knowledge, predisposition and context. A contemporary example of an epiphany in education might involve the process by which a student arrives at some form of new insight or clarifying thought.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this popular image, epiphany is the result of significant work on the part of the discoverer, and is only the satisfying result of a long process.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-6-8_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-6-8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The surprising and fulfilling feeling of epiphany is so surprising because one cannot predict when one's labor will bear fruit, and our subconscious can play a significant part in delivering the solution; and is fulfilling because it is a reward for a long period of effort.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-10_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-6-8_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-6-8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Myth">Myth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(feeling)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Myth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A common myth predicts that most, if not all, innovations occur through epiphanies.<sup id="cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kawasaki2008-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not all innovations occur through epiphanies; Scott Berkun notes that "the most useful way to think of an epiphany is as an occasional bonus of working on tough problems."<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most innovations occur without epiphany, and epiphanies often contribute little towards finding the next one.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crucially, epiphany cannot be predicted, or controlled.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although epiphanies are only a rare occurrence, crowning a process of significant labor, there is a common myth that epiphanies of sudden comprehension are commonly responsible for leaps in technology and the sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kawasaki2008-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Famous epiphanies include Archimedes' realization of how to estimate the volume of a given mass, which inspired him to shout "<a href="/wiki/Eureka_(word)" title="Eureka (word)">Eureka</a>!" ("I have found it!").<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-4_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biographies of many mathematicians and scientists include an epiphanic episode early in the career, the ramifications of which were worked out in detail over the following years. For example, allegedly <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a> was struck as a young child by being given a compass, and realizing some unseen force in space was making it move. Another, perhaps better, example from Einstein's life occurred in 1905 after he had spent an evening unsuccessfully trying to reconcile Newtonian physics and Maxwell's equations. While taking a streetcar home, he looked behind him at the receding clocktower in <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a> and realized that if the car sped up (close to the speed of light) he would see the clock slow down; with this thought, he later remarked, "a storm broke loose in my mind," which would allow him to understand special relativity. Einstein had a second epiphany two years later in 1907 which he called "the happiest thought of my life" when he imagined an elevator falling, and realized that a passenger would not be able to tell the difference between the weightlessness of falling, and the weightlessness of space – a thought which allowed him to generalize his theory of relativity to include gravity as a curvature in spacetime. A similar flash of <a href="/wiki/Holistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Holistic">holistic</a> understanding in a prepared mind was said to give <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> his "hunch" (about <a href="/wiki/Natural_selection" title="Natural selection">natural selection</a>), and Darwin later said he always remembered the spot in the road where his carriage was when the epiphany struck. Another famous epiphany myth is associated with Isaac Newton's apple story,<sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-10_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and yet another with Nikola Tesla's discovery of a workable alternating current induction motor. Though such epiphanies might have occurred, they were almost certainly the result of long and intensive periods of study those individuals had undertaken, rather than an out-of-the-blue flash of inspiration about an issue they had not thought about previously.<sup id="cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kawasaki2008-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another myth is that epiphany is simply another word for (usually spiritual) <a href="/wiki/Vision_(spirituality)" title="Vision (spirituality)">vision</a>. Actually, realism and psychology make epiphany a different mode as distinguished from vision, even though both vision and epiphany are often triggered by (sometimes seemingly) irrelevant incidents or objects.<sup id="cite_ref-Tigges1999_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tigges1999-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berkun2010-11_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkun2010-11-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_religion">In religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(feeling)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphany (holiday)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theophany" title="Theophany">theophany</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">hierophany</a></div> <p>In Christianity, the Epiphany refers to a realization that Christ is the Son of God. Western churches generally celebrate the <a href="/wiki/Visit_of_the_Magi" class="mw-redirect" title="Visit of the Magi">Visit of the Magi</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Revelation" title="Revelation">revelation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)" title="Incarnation (Christianity)">Incarnation</a> of the infant Christ, and commemorate the <a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Feast of the Epiphany</a> on January 6. Traditionally, Eastern churches, following the Julian rather than the Gregorian calendar, have celebrated Epiphany (or <a href="/wiki/Theophany" title="Theophany">Theophany</a>) in conjunction with Christ's baptism by <a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> and celebrated it on January 19; however, other Eastern churches have adopted the Western Calendar and celebrate it on January 6.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Season_of_Epiphany_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Season_of_Epiphany-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Protestant churches often celebrate Epiphany as a season, extending from the last day of Christmas until either <a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday" title="Ash Wednesday">Ash Wednesday</a>, or the Feast of the Presentation on February<span class="nowrap"> </span>2. </p><p>In more general terms, the phrase "religious epiphany" is used when a person realizes their faith, or when they are convinced an event or happening was really caused by a deity or being of their faith. In Hinduism, for example, epiphany might refer to <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a>'s realization that <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> (incarnation of God serving as his charioteer in the "<a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a>") is indeed representing the Universe. The Hindu term for epiphany would be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bodhodaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bodhodaya (page does not exist)">bodhodaya</a>, from Sanskrit bodha "wisdom" and udaya "rising". Or in Buddhism, the term might refer to the Buddha obtaining enlightenment under the <a href="/wiki/Bodhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodhi">bodhi</a> tree, finally realizing the nature of the universe, and thus attaining <a href="/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana">Nirvana</a>. The Zen term <i><a href="/wiki/Kensho" class="mw-redirect" title="Kensho">kensho</a></i> also describes this moment, referring to the feeling attendant on realizing the answer to a <i><a href="/wiki/Koan" title="Koan">koan</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(feeling)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anagnorisis" title="Anagnorisis">Anagnorisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apophenia" title="Apophenia">Apophenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eureka_effect" title="Eureka effect">Eureka effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">Hierophany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensh%C5%8D" title="Kenshō">Kenshō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_thinking" title="Lateral thinking">Lateral thinking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peripeteia" title="Peripeteia">Peripeteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revelation" title="Revelation">Revelation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satori" title="Satori">Satori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samadhi" title="Samadhi">Samadhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophany" title="Theophany">Theophany</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphany_(feeling)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Jarvis1996-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jarvis1996_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFArianna_Jarvis1996" class="citation journal cs1">Arianna Jarvis (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9709611">"Taking a break: Preliminary investigations into the psychology of epiphanies as discontinuous change experiences"</a>. <i>Doctoral Dissertations Available from Proquest</i>. University of Massachusetts-Amherst: 1–296<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Humanistic+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+Nature+of+Epiphanic+Experience&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=89-115&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0022167807311878&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145519751%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjhp.sagepub.com%2Fcontent%2F48%2F1%2F89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEpiphany+%28feeling%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berkun2010-4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-4_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-4_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-4_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_Berkun2010" class="citation book cs1">Scott Berkun (27 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kPCgnc70MSgC&pg=PA4"><i>The Myths of Innovation</i></a>. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4493-8962-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4493-8962-8"><bdi>978-1-4493-8962-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+psychology+and+religion&rft.pages=287&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2009-09&rft.isbn=978-0-387-71801-9&rft.au=David+Adams+Leeming&rft.au=Kathryn+Madden&rft.au=Stanton+Marlan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg0QQtlJSyOEC%26pg%3DPA287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEpiphany+%28feeling%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kawasaki2008-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kawasaki2008_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuy_Kawasaki2008" class="citation book cs1">Guy Kawasaki (1 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VE2CMTHnZZYC&pg=PA125"><i>Reality check: the irreverent guide to outsmarting, outmanaging, and outmarketing your competition</i></a>. Penguin. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59184-223-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59184-223-1"><bdi>978-1-59184-223-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reality+check%3A+the+irreverent+guide+to+outsmarting%2C+outmanaging%2C+and+outmarketing+your+competition&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.isbn=978-1-59184-223-1&rft.au=Guy+Kawasaki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVE2CMTHnZZYC%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEpiphany+%28feeling%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berkun2010-13-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-13_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_Berkun2010" class="citation book cs1">Scott Berkun (27 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kPCgnc70MSgC&pg=PA13"><i>The Myths of Innovation</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moments+of+moment%3A+aspects+of+the+literary+epiphany&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-90-420-0636-2&rft.au=Wim+Tigges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzK4U0gYO10oC%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEpiphany+%28feeling%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berkun2010-5-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-5_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berkun2010-5_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_Berkun2010" class="citation book cs1">Scott Berkun (27 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kPCgnc70MSgC&pg=PA5"><i>The Myths of Innovation</i></a>. 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O'Reilly Media, Inc. pp. 11–12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4493-8962-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4493-8962-8"><bdi>978-1-4493-8962-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Myths+of+Innovation&rft.pages=11-12&rft.pub=O%27Reilly+Media%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2010-08-27&rft.isbn=978-1-4493-8962-8&rft.au=Scott+Berkun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkPCgnc70MSgC%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEpiphany+%28feeling%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Season_of_Epiphany-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Season_of_Epiphany_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crivoice.org/cyepiph.html">"The Season of Epiphany"</a>. Crivoice.org. 2011-10-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Emotions_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Emotion_navbox" title="Template:Emotion navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Emotion_navbox" title="Template talk:Emotion navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Emotion_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Emotion navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Emotions_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Emotion" title="Emotion">Emotions</a> (<a href="/wiki/Emotion_classification" title="Emotion classification">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Emotion" title="Emotion">Emotions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acceptance" title="Acceptance">Acceptance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiration" title="Admiration">Admiration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration" title="Adoration">Adoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_emotions" title="Aesthetic emotions">Aesthetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affection" title="Affection">Affection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychomotor_agitation" title="Psychomotor agitation">Agitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain" title="Pain">Agony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amusement" title="Amusement">Amusement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anger" title="Anger">Anger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angst" title="Angst">Angst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguish" title="Anguish">Anguish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annoyance" title="Annoyance">Annoyance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anticipation" title="Anticipation">Anticipation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">Anxiety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apathy" title="Apathy">Apathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arousal" title="Arousal">Arousal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_attraction" title="Interpersonal attraction">Attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awe" title="Awe">Awe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belongingness" title="Belongingness">Belongingness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boredom" title="Boredom">Boredom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calmness" title="Calmness">Calmness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion" title="Compassion">Compassion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidence" title="Confidence">Confidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confusion" title="Confusion">Confusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contempt" title="Contempt">Contempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contentment" title="Contentment">Contentment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courage" title="Courage">Courage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruelty" title="Cruelty">Cruelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curiosity" title="Curiosity">Curiosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeatism" title="Defeatism">Defeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desire" title="Desire">Desire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappointment" title="Disappointment">Disappointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disgust" title="Disgust">Disgust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distrust" title="Distrust">Distrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubt" title="Doubt">Doubt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecstasy_(emotion)" title="Ecstasy (emotion)">Ecstasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embarrassment" title="Embarrassment">Embarrassment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vicarious_embarrassment" title="Vicarious embarrassment">vicarious</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_work" title="Emotion work">Emotion work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empathy" title="Empathy">Empathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emptiness" title="Emptiness">Emptiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attention" title="Attention">Enthrallment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthusiasm" title="Enthusiasm">Enthusiasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envy" title="Envy">Envy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphoria" title="Euphoria">Euphoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stimulation" title="Stimulation">Excitement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fear" title="Fear">Fear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flow_(psychology)" title="Flow (psychology)">Flow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frustration" title="Frustration">Frustration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratification" title="Gratification">Gratification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratitude" title="Gratitude">Gratitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greed" title="Greed">Greed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grief" title="Grief">Grief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilt_(emotion)" title="Guilt (emotion)">Guilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happiness" title="Happiness">Happiness</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Joie_de_vivre" title="Joie de vivre">Joie de vivre</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatred" title="Hatred">Hatred</a></li> <li><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Hiraeth" title="Hiraeth">Hiraeth</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homesickness" title="Homesickness">Homesickness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope" title="Hope">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_and_terror" title="Horror and terror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostility" title="Hostility">Hostility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humiliation" title="Humiliation">Humiliation</a></li> <li><span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da"><a href="/wiki/Hygge" title="Hygge">Hygge</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysteria" title="Hysteria">Hysteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikigai" title="Ikigai"><i>Ikigai</i> (sense of purpose)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedonism" title="Hedonism">Indulgence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infatuation" title="Infatuation">Infatuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insecurity_(emotion)" title="Insecurity (emotion)">Insecurity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_inspiration" title="Artistic inspiration">Inspiration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interest_(emotion)" title="Interest (emotion)">Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irritability" title="Irritability">Irritation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolation_(psychology)" title="Isolation (psychology)">Isolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jealousy" title="Jealousy">Jealousy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy" title="Joy">Joy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindness" title="Kindness">Kindness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loneliness" title="Loneliness">Loneliness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limerence" title="Limerence">limerence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_at_first_sight" title="Love at first sight">at first sight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lust" title="Lust">Lust</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Mono_no_aware" title="Mono no aware">Mono no aware</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neglect" title="Neglect">Neglect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia" title="Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrage_(emotion)" title="Outrage (emotion)">Outrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panic" title="Panic">Panic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(emotion)" title="Passion (emotion)">Passion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pity" title="Pity">Pity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-pity" title="Self-pity">self-pity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasure" title="Pleasure">Pleasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pride" title="Pride">Pride</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grandiosity" title="Grandiosity">grandiosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">hubris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insult" title="Insult">insult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanity" title="Vanity">vanity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rage_(emotion)" title="Rage (emotion)">Rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regret" title="Regret">Regret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_rejection" title="Social rejection">Rejection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_(emotion)" title="Relief (emotion)">Relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remorse" title="Remorse">Remorse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resentment" title="Resentment">Resentment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge" title="Revenge">Revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadness" title="Sadness">Sadness</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melancholia" title="Melancholia">melancholy</a></li></ul></li> <li><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/Saudade" title="Saudade">Saudade</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Schadenfreude" title="Schadenfreude">Schadenfreude</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sehnsucht" title="Sehnsucht">Sehnsucht</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentimentality" title="Sentimentality">Sentimentality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shame" title="Shame">Shame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acute_stress_reaction" title="Acute stress reaction">Shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyness" title="Shyness">Shyness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_connection" title="Social connection">Social connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorrow_(emotion)" title="Sorrow (emotion)">Sorrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spite_(sentiment)" title="Spite (sentiment)">Spite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_stress" title="Psychological stress">Stress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_stress" title="Chronic stress">chronic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffering" title="Suffering">Suffering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surprise_(emotion)" title="Surprise (emotion)">Surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sympathy" title="Sympathy">Sympathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_(social_science)" title="Trust (social science)">Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonder_(emotion)" title="Wonder (emotion)">Wonder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sense_of_wonder" title="Sense of wonder">sense of wonder</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worry" title="Worry">Worry</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plutchik-wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Plutchik-wheel.svg/90px-Plutchik-wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Plutchik-wheel.svg/135px-Plutchik-wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Plutchik-wheel.svg/180px-Plutchik-wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="725" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plutchik_Dyads.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Plutchik_Dyads.svg/90px-Plutchik_Dyads.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Plutchik_Dyads.svg/135px-Plutchik_Dyads.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Plutchik_Dyads.svg/180px-Plutchik_Dyads.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="1356" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Worldview" title="Worldview">Worldviews</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynicism_(contemporary)" title="Cynicism (contemporary)">Cynicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeatism" title="Defeatism">Defeatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatalism" title="Fatalism">Fatalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misanthropy" title="Misanthropy">Misanthropy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihilism" title="Nihilism">Nihilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optimism" title="Optimism">Optimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pessimism" title="Pessimism">Pessimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recluse" title="Recluse">Reclusion</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Weltschmerz" title="Weltschmerz">Weltschmerz</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Affect <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affect_consciousness" title="Affect consciousness">consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affect_(education)" title="Affect (education)">in education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affect_measures" title="Affect measures">measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affect_(psychology)" title="Affect (psychology)">in psychology</a></li></ul></li> <li>Affective <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affective_computing" title="Affective computing">computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affective_forecasting" title="Affective forecasting">forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affective_neuroscience" title="Affective neuroscience">neuroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affective_science" title="Affective science">science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affective_spectrum" title="Affective spectrum">spectrum</a></li></ul></li> <li>Affectivity <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Positive_affectivity" title="Positive affectivity">positive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_affectivity" title="Negative affectivity">negative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_emotion" title="Appeal to emotion">Appeal to emotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amygdala_hijack" title="Amygdala hijack">Amygdala hijack</a></li> <li>Emotion <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_and_emotion" title="Art and emotion">and art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_and_memory" title="Emotion and memory">and memory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_emotion" title="Music and emotion">and music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_differences_in_psychology" title="Sex differences in psychology">and sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleep_and_emotions" title="Sleep and emotions">and sleep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_classification" title="Emotion classification">classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_emotion" title="Evolution of emotion">evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressed_emotion" title="Expressed emotion">expressed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functional_accounts_of_emotion" title="Functional accounts of emotion">functional accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_emotion" title="Group emotion">group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeostatic_emotion" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeostatic emotion">homeostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_in_animals" title="Emotion in animals">in animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_perception" title="Emotion perception">perception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_recognition" title="Emotion recognition">recognition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_recognition_in_conversation" title="Emotion recognition in conversation">in conversation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_self-regulation" title="Emotional self-regulation">regulation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_emotion_regulation" title="Interpersonal emotion regulation">interpersonal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_work" title="Emotion work">work</a></li></ul></li> <li>Emotional <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_aperture" title="Emotional aperture">aperture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_bias" title="Emotional bias">bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_blackmail" title="Emotional blackmail">blackmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_competence" title="Emotional competence">competence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_conflict" title="Emotional conflict">conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_contagion" title="Emotional contagion">contagion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_detachment" title="Emotional detachment">detachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_dysregulation" title="Emotional dysregulation">dysregulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_eating" title="Emotional eating">eating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_exhaustion" title="Emotional exhaustion">exhaustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_expression" title="Emotional expression">expression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_and_emotional_expression" title="Gender and emotional expression">and gender</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_intelligence" title="Emotional intelligence">intelligence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bullying_and_emotional_intelligence" title="Bullying and emotional intelligence">and bullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empathy_quotient" title="Empathy quotient">Empathy quotient</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_intimacy" title="Emotional intimacy">intimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_isolation" title="Emotional isolation">isolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_lability" title="Emotional lability">lability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_labor" title="Emotional labor">labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_lateralization" title="Emotional lateralization">lateralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_literacy" title="Emotional literacy">literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_prosody" title="Emotional prosody">prosody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_reasoning" title="Emotional reasoning">reasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_responsivity" title="Emotional responsivity">responsivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_security" class="mw-redirect" title="Emotional security">security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_symbiosis" title="Emotional symbiosis">symbiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_thought_method" title="Emotional thought method">thought method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_well-being" class="mw-redirect" title="Emotional well-being">well-being</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotionality" title="Emotionality">Emotionality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bounded_emotionality" title="Bounded emotionality">bounded</a></li></ul></li> <li>Emotions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emotions_and_culture" title="Emotions and culture">and culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_emotions" title="History of emotions">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotions_in_decision-making" title="Emotions in decision-making">in decision-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotions_in_the_workplace" title="Emotions in the workplace">in the workplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotions_in_virtual_communication" title="Emotions in virtual communication">in virtual communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_emotions" title="Moral emotions">moral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-conscious_emotions" title="Self-conscious emotions">self-conscious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_emotions" title="Social emotions">social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions" title="Social sharing of emotions">social sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_emotions" title="Sociology of emotions">sociology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeling" title="Feeling">Feeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_affective_tone" title="Group affective tone">Group affective tone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems" title="Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems">Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jealousy_in_art" title="Jealousy in art">Jealousy in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta-emotion" title="Meta-emotion">Meta-emotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathognomy" title="Pathognomy">Pathognomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathos" title="Pathos">Pathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_emotional_development" title="Social emotional development">Social emotional development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoic_passions" title="Stoic passions">Stoic passions</a></li> <li>Theory <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affect_theory" title="Affect theory">affect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appraisal_theory" title="Appraisal theory">appraisal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_constructed_emotion" title="Theory of constructed emotion">constructed emotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_emotion_theory" title="Discrete emotion theory">discrete emotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somatic_marker_hypothesis" title="Somatic marker hypothesis">somatic marker</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate emotion names in foreign languages</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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