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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Host Parasite Interaction</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">1,982 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Host Parasite Interaction</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Host_Parasite_Interaction">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10268187" data-work_id="10268187" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10268187/Three_Anisakis_spp_isolated_from_toothed_whales_stranded_along_the_eastern_Adriatic_Sea_coast">Three Anisakis spp. isolated from toothed whales stranded along the eastern Adriatic Sea coast </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Knowledge concerning cetacean ecology in the Mediterranean is limited but important for sustainable planning and enforcement of appropriate conservation measures. Any information that might help to elucidate their ecology is essential. We... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10268187" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Knowledge concerning cetacean ecology in the Mediterranean is limited but important for sustainable planning and enforcement of appropriate conservation measures. Any information that might help to elucidate their ecology is essential. We explored the population and genetic structures of Anisakis spp. nematodes isolated from four toothed whale species – bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) and Cuvier’s beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) – stranded along the eastern Adriatic Sea coast (1990–2012) to reveal more information on host ecological patterns. Lower parasite prevalence was observed in resident dolphin species compared with occasionally occurring species, as well as in young compared with adult dolphins, indicating different feeding habits related to age. No unequivocal relationship between the biological traits of a host (age, body length, body mass and blubber depth) and Anisakis population parameters was observed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a new geographical record of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (1.96%) and Anisakis physeteris (1.31%) in the Adriatic Sea in addition to resident Anisakis pegreffii (96.73%). In an assessment of the Adriatic Sea and oceans worldwide, the genetic structure of Anisakis revealed that A. pegreffii populations do not differ among various final host species but do differ with respect to geographical location in contrast to previously accepted Anisakis panmixia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10268187" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5d87175f1cc2d1eb4808c0e8f8c27ff4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36352494,"asset_id":10268187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36352494/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="866194" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KristinaBlazekovic">Kristina Gucek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="866194" type="text/json">{"id":866194,"first_name":"Kristina","last_name":"Gucek","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KristinaBlazekovic","display_name":"Kristina Gucek","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KristinaBlazekovic?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10268187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10268187"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10268187, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10268187", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10268187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10268187; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10268187"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10268187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10268187"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10268187; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10268187]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10268187").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10268187").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10268187"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4480" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetics">Population Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4480" type="text/json">{"id":4480,"name":"Population Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54558" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adriatic_Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54558" type="text/json">{"id":54558,"name":"Adriatic Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adriatic_Sea?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120207" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anisakis">Anisakis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="120207" type="text/json">{"id":120207,"name":"Anisakis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anisakis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10268187]'), work: {"id":10268187,"title":"Three Anisakis spp. isolated from toothed whales stranded along the eastern Adriatic Sea coast ","created_at":"2015-01-21T11:34:58.080-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10268187/Three_Anisakis_spp_isolated_from_toothed_whales_stranded_along_the_eastern_Adriatic_Sea_coast?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_10268187","summary":"Knowledge concerning cetacean ecology in the Mediterranean is limited but important for sustainable planning and enforcement of appropriate conservation measures. Any information that might help to elucidate their ecology is essential. We explored the population and genetic structures of Anisakis spp. nematodes isolated from four toothed whale species – bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) and Cuvier’s beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) – stranded along the eastern Adriatic Sea coast (1990–2012) to reveal more information on host ecological patterns. Lower parasite prevalence was observed in resident dolphin species compared with occasionally occurring species, as well as in young compared with adult dolphins, indicating different feeding habits related to age. No unequivocal relationship between the biological traits of a host (age, body length, body mass and blubber depth) and Anisakis population parameters was observed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a new geographical record of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (1.96%) and Anisakis physeteris (1.31%) in the Adriatic Sea in addition to resident Anisakis pegreffii (96.73%). In an assessment of the Adriatic Sea and oceans worldwide, the genetic structure of Anisakis revealed that A. pegreffii populations do not differ among various final host species but do differ with respect to geographical location in contrast to previously accepted Anisakis panmixia.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36352494,"asset_id":10268187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":866194,"first_name":"Kristina","last_name":"Gucek","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KristinaBlazekovic","display_name":"Kristina Gucek","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KristinaBlazekovic?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4480,"name":"Population Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":54558,"name":"Adriatic Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adriatic_Sea?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":120207,"name":"Anisakis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anisakis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":382440,"name":"Stranded Whales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stranded_Whales?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1259862,"name":"Cetacean Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cetacean_Ecology?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6607277" data-work_id="6607277" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6607277/Immunity_in_plants_and_animals_common_ends_through_different_means_using_similar_tools">Immunity in plants and animals: common ends through different means using similar tools</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A comparative approach is potentially useful for understanding the role of mammal innate immunity role in stimulating adaptive immunity as well as the relationship between these two types of immune strategies. Considerable progress has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6607277" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A comparative approach is potentially useful for understanding the role of mammal innate immunity role in stimulating adaptive immunity as well as the relationship between these two types of immune strategies. Considerable progress has been made in the elucidation of the co-ordinated events involved in plant perception of infection and their mobilisation of defence responses. Although lacking immunoglobulin molecules, circulating cells, and phagocytic processes, plants successfully use pre-formed physical and chemical innate defences, as well as inducible adaptive immune strategies. In the present paper, we review some shared and divergent immune aspects present in both animals and plants. ᮊ</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6607277" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fdabe826cc823fcf419ae8b425b25298" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48785426,"asset_id":6607277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48785426/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10366437" href="https://butantan.academia.edu/CarlosJared">Carlos Jared</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10366437" type="text/json">{"id":10366437,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Jared","domain_name":"butantan","page_name":"CarlosJared","display_name":"Carlos Jared","profile_url":"https://butantan.academia.edu/CarlosJared?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10366437/3211928/136438040/s65_carlos.jared.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6607277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6607277"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6607277, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6607277", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6607277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6607277; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6607277"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6607277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6607277"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6607277; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6607277]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6607277").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6607277").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6607277"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24706" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity">Innate immunity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24706" type="text/json">{"id":24706,"name":"Innate immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38831" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Signal_Transduction">Signal Transduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38831" type="text/json">{"id":38831,"name":"Signal Transduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Signal_Transduction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58054" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences">Environmental Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="58054" type="text/json">{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6607277]'), work: {"id":6607277,"title":"Immunity in plants and animals: common ends through different means using similar tools","created_at":"2014-03-31T12:47:13.115-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6607277/Immunity_in_plants_and_animals_common_ends_through_different_means_using_similar_tools?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_6607277","summary":"A comparative approach is potentially useful for understanding the role of mammal innate immunity role in stimulating adaptive immunity as well as the relationship between these two types of immune strategies. Considerable progress has been made in the elucidation of the co-ordinated events involved in plant perception of infection and their mobilisation of defence responses. Although lacking immunoglobulin molecules, circulating cells, and phagocytic processes, plants successfully use pre-formed physical and chemical innate defences, as well as inducible adaptive immune strategies. In the present paper, we review some shared and divergent immune aspects present in both animals and plants. ᮊ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48785426,"asset_id":6607277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10366437,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Jared","domain_name":"butantan","page_name":"CarlosJared","display_name":"Carlos Jared","profile_url":"https://butantan.academia.edu/CarlosJared?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10366437/3211928/136438040/s65_carlos.jared.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":24706,"name":"Innate immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":38831,"name":"Signal Transduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Signal_Transduction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":84924,"name":"Immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":88770,"name":"Adaptive Immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adaptive_Immunity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":133873,"name":"Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plants?f_ri=297937"},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution?f_ri=297937"},{"id":208668,"name":"Plant Defence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Defence?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":308604,"name":"Systemic Acquired Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systemic_Acquired_Resistance?f_ri=297937"},{"id":957499,"name":"Hypersensitive Response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypersensitive_Response?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1426712,"name":"Immunoglobulin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunoglobulin?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78604311" data-work_id="78604311" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78604311/Microbiome_inception_an_intestinal_cestode_shapes_a_hierarchy_of_microbial_communities_nested_within_the_host">Microbiome "inception": an intestinal cestode shapes a hierarchy of microbial communities nested within the host</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The concept of a holobiont, a host organism and its associated microbial communities, encapsulates the vital role the microbiome plays in the normal functioning of its host. Parasitic infections can disrupt this relationship, leading to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78604311" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The concept of a holobiont, a host organism and its associated microbial communities, encapsulates the vital role the microbiome plays in the normal functioning of its host. Parasitic infections can disrupt this relationship, leading to dysbiosis. However, it is increasingly recognized that multicellular parasites are themselves holobionts. Intestinal parasites share space with the host gut microbiome, creating a system of nested microbiomes within the primary host. However, how the parasite, as a holobiont, interacts with the host holobiont remains unclear, as do the consequences of these interactions for host health. Here, we used 16S amplicon and shotgun metagenomics sequencing to characterize the microbiome of the intestinal cestode Eubothrium and its effect on the gut microbiome of its primary host, Atlantic salmon. Our results indicate that cestode infection is associated with salmon gut dysbiosis by acting as a selective force benefiting putative pathogens and potentially introducing novel bacterial species to the host. Our results suggest that parasitic cestodes may themselves be holobionts nested within the microbial community of their holobiont host, emphasizing the importance of also considering microbes associated with parasites when studying intestinal parasitic infections.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78604311" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="47b0a2219fcc242237638ed13b6d1e4a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85594999,"asset_id":78604311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85594999/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40254993" href="https://sintef.academia.edu/Laur%C3%A8neAliciaLecaudey">Laurène Alicia Lecaudey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40254993" type="text/json">{"id":40254993,"first_name":"Laurène Alicia","last_name":"Lecaudey","domain_name":"sintef","page_name":"LaurèneAliciaLecaudey","display_name":"Laurène Alicia Lecaudey","profile_url":"https://sintef.academia.edu/Laur%C3%A8neAliciaLecaudey?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40254993/11853387/33444687/s65_laur_ne_alicia.lecaudey.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78604311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78604311"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78604311, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78604311", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_78604311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78604311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_78604311"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_78604311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="78604311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78604311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78604311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_78604311").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_78604311").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="78604311"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46371" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salmonids">Salmonids</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="46371" type="text/json">{"id":46371,"name":"Salmonids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salmonids?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53944" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gut_Microbiome">Gut Microbiome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53944" type="text/json">{"id":53944,"name":"Gut Microbiome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gut_Microbiome?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128490" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holobiont">Holobiont</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128490" type="text/json">{"id":128490,"name":"Holobiont","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holobiont?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="142138" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions">Host-parasite interactions</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="142138" type="text/json">{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=78604311]'), work: {"id":78604311,"title":"Microbiome \"inception\": an intestinal cestode shapes a hierarchy of microbial communities nested within the host","created_at":"2022-05-06T06:51:27.404-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/78604311/Microbiome_inception_an_intestinal_cestode_shapes_a_hierarchy_of_microbial_communities_nested_within_the_host?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_78604311","summary":"The concept of a holobiont, a host organism and its associated microbial communities, encapsulates the vital role the microbiome plays in the normal functioning of its host. Parasitic infections can disrupt this relationship, leading to dysbiosis. However, it is increasingly recognized that multicellular parasites are themselves holobionts. Intestinal parasites share space with the host gut microbiome, creating a system of nested microbiomes within the primary host. However, how the parasite, as a holobiont, interacts with the host holobiont remains unclear, as do the consequences of these interactions for host health. Here, we used 16S amplicon and shotgun metagenomics sequencing to characterize the microbiome of the intestinal cestode Eubothrium and its effect on the gut microbiome of its primary host, Atlantic salmon. Our results indicate that cestode infection is associated with salmon gut dysbiosis by acting as a selective force benefiting putative pathogens and potentially introducing novel bacterial species to the host. Our results suggest that parasitic cestodes may themselves be holobionts nested within the microbial community of their holobiont host, emphasizing the importance of also considering microbes associated with parasites when studying intestinal parasitic infections.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85594999,"asset_id":78604311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40254993,"first_name":"Laurène Alicia","last_name":"Lecaudey","domain_name":"sintef","page_name":"LaurèneAliciaLecaudey","display_name":"Laurène Alicia Lecaudey","profile_url":"https://sintef.academia.edu/Laur%C3%A8neAliciaLecaudey?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40254993/11853387/33444687/s65_laur_ne_alicia.lecaudey.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":46371,"name":"Salmonids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salmonids?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":53944,"name":"Gut Microbiome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gut_Microbiome?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":128490,"name":"Holobiont","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holobiont?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":153196,"name":"Cestodes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cestodes?f_ri=297937"},{"id":164869,"name":"Atlantic Salmon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Salmon?f_ri=297937"},{"id":164918,"name":"Salmon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salmon?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":348435,"name":"Microbiome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiome?f_ri=297937"},{"id":454786,"name":"Intestinal microbiota and gut pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intestinal_microbiota_and_gut_pathology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1532607,"name":"Metagenomics and microbiome identification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metagenomics_and_microbiome_identification?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1929064,"name":"Intestinal Microbiota","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intestinal_Microbiota?f_ri=297937"},{"id":3845229,"name":"Gut dysbiosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gut_dysbiosis?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49247605" data-work_id="49247605" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49247605/Glycoconjugates_in_New_World_species_of_Leishmania_Polymorphisms_in_lipophosphoglycan_and_glycoinositolphospholipids_and_interaction_with_hosts">Glycoconjugates in New World species of Leishmania: Polymorphisms in lipophosphoglycan and glycoinositolphospholipids and interaction with hosts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a number of important diseases in humans and undergo a complex life cycle, alternating between a sand fly vector and vertebrate hosts. The parasites have a remarkable capacity... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49247605" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a number of important diseases in humans and undergo a complex life cycle, alternating between a sand fly vector and vertebrate hosts. The parasites have a remarkable capacity to avoid destruction in which surface molecules are determinant for survival. Amongst the many surface molecules of Leishmania, the glycoconjugates are known to play a central role in host-parasite interactions and are the focus of this review. Scope of the review: The most abundant and best studied glycoconjugates are the Lipophosphoglycans (LPGs) and glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs). This review summarizes the main studies on structure and biological functions of these molecules in New World Leishmania species. Major conclusions: LPG and GIPLs are complex molecules that display inter-and intraspecies polymorphisms. They are key elements for survival inside the vector and to modulate the vertebrate immune response during infection. General significance: Most of the studies on glycoconjugates focused on Old World Leishmania species. Here, it is reported some of the studies involving New World species and their biological significance on host-parasite interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Glycoproteomics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49247605" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8cc4891ec920c4683ab9656c4d5831f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67631771,"asset_id":49247605,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67631771/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="167117651" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NogueiraMonalisa">Monalisa Nogueira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="167117651" type="text/json">{"id":167117651,"first_name":"Monalisa","last_name":"Nogueira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NogueiraMonalisa","display_name":"Monalisa Nogueira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NogueiraMonalisa?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49247605 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49247605"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49247605, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49247605", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49247605 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49247605; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49247605"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49247605 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49247605"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49247605; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49247605]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49247605").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49247605").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49247605"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2702" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_response">Immune response</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2702" type="text/json">{"id":2702,"name":"Immune response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_response?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19849" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmania">Leishmania</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19849" type="text/json">{"id":19849,"name":"Leishmania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmania?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53622" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NO">NO</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="53622" type="text/json">{"id":53622,"name":"NO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NO?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49247605]'), work: {"id":49247605,"title":"Glycoconjugates in New World species of Leishmania: Polymorphisms in lipophosphoglycan and glycoinositolphospholipids and interaction with hosts","created_at":"2021-06-15T03:00:08.914-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49247605/Glycoconjugates_in_New_World_species_of_Leishmania_Polymorphisms_in_lipophosphoglycan_and_glycoinositolphospholipids_and_interaction_with_hosts?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_49247605","summary":"Background: Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a number of important diseases in humans and undergo a complex life cycle, alternating between a sand fly vector and vertebrate hosts. The parasites have a remarkable capacity to avoid destruction in which surface molecules are determinant for survival. Amongst the many surface molecules of Leishmania, the glycoconjugates are known to play a central role in host-parasite interactions and are the focus of this review. Scope of the review: The most abundant and best studied glycoconjugates are the Lipophosphoglycans (LPGs) and glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs). This review summarizes the main studies on structure and biological functions of these molecules in New World Leishmania species. Major conclusions: LPG and GIPLs are complex molecules that display inter-and intraspecies polymorphisms. They are key elements for survival inside the vector and to modulate the vertebrate immune response during infection. General significance: Most of the studies on glycoconjugates focused on Old World Leishmania species. Here, it is reported some of the studies involving New World species and their biological significance on host-parasite interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Glycoproteomics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67631771,"asset_id":49247605,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":167117651,"first_name":"Monalisa","last_name":"Nogueira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NogueiraMonalisa","display_name":"Monalisa Nogueira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NogueiraMonalisa?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2702,"name":"Immune response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_response?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":19849,"name":"Leishmania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmania?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":53622,"name":"NO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NO?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":114790,"name":"Man","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Man?f_ri=297937"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=297937"},{"id":145210,"name":"Old World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_World?f_ri=297937"},{"id":145211,"name":"New World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_World?f_ri=297937"},{"id":153052,"name":"GAL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GAL?f_ri=297937"},{"id":177250,"name":"ERK","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ERK?f_ri=297937"},{"id":277194,"name":"PAMPs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PAMPs?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":823067,"name":"LPG","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LPG?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1334393,"name":"Glycosphingolipids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glycosphingolipids?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1947553,"name":"Glycoconjugates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glycoconjugates?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2467564,"name":"Carbohydrate Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbohydrate_Sequence?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7347589" data-work_id="7347589" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7347589/Fluorescent_Leishmania_species_Development_of_stable_GFP_expression_and_its_application_for_in_vitro_and_in_vivo_studies">Fluorescent Leishmania species: Development of stable GFP expression and its application for in vitro and in vivo studies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Reporter genes have proved to be an excellent tool for studying disease progression. Recently, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) ability to quantitatively monitor gene expression has been demonstrated in different organisms. This report... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7347589" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Reporter genes have proved to be an excellent tool for studying disease progression. Recently, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) ability to quantitatively monitor gene expression has been demonstrated in different organisms. This report describes the use of Leishmania tarentolae (L. tarentolae) expression system (LEXSY) for high and stable levels of GFP production in different Leishmania species including L. tarentolae, L. major and L. infantum. The DNA expression cassette (pLEXSY-EGFP) was integrated into the chromosomal ssu locus of Leishmania strains through homologous recombination. Fluorescent microscopic image showed that GFP transgenes can be abundantly and stably expressed in promastigote and amastigote stages of parasites. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis indicated a clear quantitative distinction between wild type and transgenic Leishmania strains at both promastigote and amastigote forms. Our data showed that the footpad lesions with GFP-transfected L. major are progressive over time by using fluorescence small-animal imaging system. Consequently, the utilization of stable GFP-transfected Leishmania species will be appropriate for in vitro and in vivo screening of anti-leishmanial drugs and vaccine development as well as understanding the biology of the host-parasite interactions at the cellular level.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7347589" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="117deb097b071474e30304000bfea712" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48523177,"asset_id":7347589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48523177/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12936838" href="https://independent.academia.edu/fzahedifard">farnaz zahedifard</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12936838" type="text/json">{"id":12936838,"first_name":"farnaz","last_name":"zahedifard","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"fzahedifard","display_name":"farnaz zahedifard","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/fzahedifard?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7347589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7347589"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7347589, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7347589", }); 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Recently, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) ability to quantitatively monitor gene expression has been demonstrated in different organisms. This report describes the use of Leishmania tarentolae (L. tarentolae) expression system (LEXSY) for high and stable levels of GFP production in different Leishmania species including L. tarentolae, L. major and L. infantum. The DNA expression cassette (pLEXSY-EGFP) was integrated into the chromosomal ssu locus of Leishmania strains through homologous recombination. Fluorescent microscopic image showed that GFP transgenes can be abundantly and stably expressed in promastigote and amastigote stages of parasites. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis indicated a clear quantitative distinction between wild type and transgenic Leishmania strains at both promastigote and amastigote forms. Our data showed that the footpad lesions with GFP-transfected L. major are progressive over time by using fluorescence small-animal imaging system. Consequently, the utilization of stable GFP-transfected Leishmania species will be appropriate for in vitro and in vivo screening of anti-leishmanial drugs and vaccine development as well as understanding the biology of the host-parasite interactions at the cellular level.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48523177,"asset_id":7347589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12936838,"first_name":"farnaz","last_name":"zahedifard","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"fzahedifard","display_name":"farnaz zahedifard","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/fzahedifard?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":17491,"name":"Macrophages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":19849,"name":"Leishmania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmania?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=297937"},{"id":31837,"name":"Cell separation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_separation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=297937"},{"id":53303,"name":"Leishmaniasis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmaniasis?f_ri=297937"},{"id":53307,"name":"Experimental parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_parasitology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=297937"},{"id":59370,"name":"In Vitro","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/In_Vitro?f_ri=297937"},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=297937"},{"id":94271,"name":"Parasite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite?f_ri=297937"},{"id":124526,"name":"Genetically modified organisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetically_modified_organisms?f_ri=297937"},{"id":202410,"name":"Green Fluorescent Protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Fluorescent_Protein?f_ri=297937"},{"id":226774,"name":"VECTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VECTOR?f_ri=297937"},{"id":295728,"name":"Molecular cloning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_cloning?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":302037,"name":"In Vivo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/In_Vivo?f_ri=297937"},{"id":329844,"name":"Experimental","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental?f_ri=297937"},{"id":584615,"name":"Disease Progression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Progression?f_ri=297937"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences?f_ri=297937"},{"id":663515,"name":"Homologous Recombination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homologous_Recombination?f_ri=297937"},{"id":734745,"name":"Small Animal PET Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Animal_PET_Imaging?f_ri=297937"},{"id":789996,"name":"Leishmania infantum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmania_infantum?f_ri=297937"},{"id":900154,"name":"Recombination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recombination?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1198604,"name":"Leishmania Major","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leishmania_Major?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22532045" data-work_id="22532045" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22532045/The_evolutionary_phylogeny_of_the_oomycete_fungi_">The evolutionary phylogeny of the oomycete “fungi”</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Molecular sequencing has helped resolve the phylogenetic relationships amongst the diverse groups of algal, fungal-like and protist organisms that constitute the Chromalveolate "superkingdom" clade. It is thought that the whole clade... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22532045" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Molecular sequencing has helped resolve the phylogenetic relationships amongst the diverse groups of algal, fungal-like and protist organisms that constitute the Chromalveolate "superkingdom" clade. It is thought that the whole clade evolved from a photosynthetic ancestor and that there have been at least three independent plastid losses during their evolutionary history. The fungal-like oomycetes and hyphochytrids, together with the marine flagellates Pirsonia and Developayella, form part of the clade defined by Cavalier-Smith and Chao (2006) as the phylum "Pseudofungi", which is a sister to the photosynthetic chromistan algae (phylum Ochrophyta). Within the oomycetes, a number of predominantly marine holocarpic genera appear to diverge before the main "saprolegnian" and "peronosporalean" lines, into which all oomycetes had been traditionally placed. It is now clear that oomycetes have their evolutionary roots in the sea. The earliest diverging oomycete genera so far documented, Eurychasma and Haptoglossa, are both obligate parasites that show a high degree of complexity and sophistication in their host parasite interactions and infection structures. Key morpho-logical and cytological features of the oomycetes will be reviewed in the context of our revised understanding of their likely phylogeny. Recent genomic studies have revealed a number of intriguing similarities in hostpathogen interactions between the oomycetes with their distant apicocomplexan cousins. Therefore, the earlier view that oomycetes evolved from the largely saprotrophic "saprolegnian line" is not supported and current evidence shows these organisms evolved from simple holocarpic marine parasites. Both the hyphal-like pattern of growth and the acquisition of oogamous sexual reproduction probably developed largely after the migration of these organisms from the sea to land.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22532045" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="76754036eb7ccea1426471e5e380f8bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43145894,"asset_id":22532045,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43145894/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2274325" href="https://newcastle.academia.edu/GordonBeakes">Gordon Beakes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2274325" type="text/json">{"id":2274325,"first_name":"Gordon","last_name":"Beakes","domain_name":"newcastle","page_name":"GordonBeakes","display_name":"Gordon Beakes","profile_url":"https://newcastle.academia.edu/GordonBeakes?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2274325/723575/898535/s65_gordon.beakes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22532045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22532045"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22532045, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22532045", }); 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It is thought that the whole clade evolved from a photosynthetic ancestor and that there have been at least three independent plastid losses during their evolutionary history. The fungal-like oomycetes and hyphochytrids, together with the marine flagellates Pirsonia and Developayella, form part of the clade defined by Cavalier-Smith and Chao (2006) as the phylum \"Pseudofungi\", which is a sister to the photosynthetic chromistan algae (phylum Ochrophyta). Within the oomycetes, a number of predominantly marine holocarpic genera appear to diverge before the main \"saprolegnian\" and \"peronosporalean\" lines, into which all oomycetes had been traditionally placed. It is now clear that oomycetes have their evolutionary roots in the sea. The earliest diverging oomycete genera so far documented, Eurychasma and Haptoglossa, are both obligate parasites that show a high degree of complexity and sophistication in their host parasite interactions and infection structures. Key morpho-logical and cytological features of the oomycetes will be reviewed in the context of our revised understanding of their likely phylogeny. Recent genomic studies have revealed a number of intriguing similarities in hostpathogen interactions between the oomycetes with their distant apicocomplexan cousins. Therefore, the earlier view that oomycetes evolved from the largely saprotrophic \"saprolegnian line\" is not supported and current evidence shows these organisms evolved from simple holocarpic marine parasites. Both the hyphal-like pattern of growth and the acquisition of oogamous sexual reproduction probably developed largely after the migration of these organisms from the sea to land.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43145894,"asset_id":22532045,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2274325,"first_name":"Gordon","last_name":"Beakes","domain_name":"newcastle","page_name":"GordonBeakes","display_name":"Gordon Beakes","profile_url":"https://newcastle.academia.edu/GordonBeakes?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2274325/723575/898535/s65_gordon.beakes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":4967,"name":"Molecular Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Evolution?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny?f_ri=297937"},{"id":117870,"name":"Flagella","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flagella?f_ri=297937"},{"id":165465,"name":"Evolutionary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_History?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":325838,"name":"Host Pathogen Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Pathogen_Interaction-1?f_ri=297937"},{"id":377566,"name":"Aquatic organisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquatic_organisms?f_ri=297937"},{"id":529173,"name":"Nematoda","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nematoda?f_ri=297937"},{"id":743643,"name":"Host Pathogen Interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Pathogen_Interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":784076,"name":"Species Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Species_Specificity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1759332,"name":"Sexual reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_reproduction?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21911188" data-work_id="21911188" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21911188/Characteristics_of_honey_bee_colonies_Apis_mellifera_in_Sweden_surviving_Varroa_destructor_infestation">Characteristics of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) in Sweden surviving Varroa destructor infestation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A population of European honey bees (Apis mellifera) surviving Varroa destructor mite infestation in Sweden for over 10 years without treatment, demonstrate that a balanced host-parasite relationship may evolve over time. Colony-level... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21911188" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A population of European honey bees (Apis mellifera) surviving Varroa destructor mite infestation in Sweden for over 10 years without treatment, demonstrate that a balanced host-parasite relationship may evolve over time. Colony-level adaptive traits linked to Varroa tolerance were investigated in this population to identify possible characteristics that may be responsible for colony survival in spite of mite infestations. Brood removal rate, adult grooming rate, and the mite distribution between brood and adults were not significantly different in the untreated population compared with treated control colonies. However, colony size and the reproductive success of the mite were significantly reduced in surviving colonies compared with control colonies. Our data suggest that colony-level adaptive traits may limit mite population growth by reducing mite reproduction opportunities and also by suppressing the mite reproductive success.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21911188" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b8b2d1fafacad1e755d05aff1cc3172" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42644122,"asset_id":21911188,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42644122/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43152401" href="https://slu-se.academia.edu/IngemarFries">Ingemar Fries</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43152401" type="text/json">{"id":43152401,"first_name":"Ingemar","last_name":"Fries","domain_name":"slu-se","page_name":"IngemarFries","display_name":"Ingemar Fries","profile_url":"https://slu-se.academia.edu/IngemarFries?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21911188 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21911188"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21911188, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21911188", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21911188]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21911188").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21911188").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21911188"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40422" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Selection">Natural Selection</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40422" type="text/json">{"id":40422,"name":"Natural Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Selection?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64753" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apis_mellifera">Apis mellifera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64753" type="text/json">{"id":64753,"name":"Apis mellifera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apis_mellifera?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="126064" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honey_bee">Honey bee</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="126064" type="text/json">{"id":126064,"name":"Honey bee","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honey_bee?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21911188]'), work: {"id":21911188,"title":"Characteristics of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) in Sweden surviving Varroa destructor infestation","created_at":"2016-02-13T05:01:16.318-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21911188/Characteristics_of_honey_bee_colonies_Apis_mellifera_in_Sweden_surviving_Varroa_destructor_infestation?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_21911188","summary":"A population of European honey bees (Apis mellifera) surviving Varroa destructor mite infestation in Sweden for over 10 years without treatment, demonstrate that a balanced host-parasite relationship may evolve over time. Colony-level adaptive traits linked to Varroa tolerance were investigated in this population to identify possible characteristics that may be responsible for colony survival in spite of mite infestations. Brood removal rate, adult grooming rate, and the mite distribution between brood and adults were not significantly different in the untreated population compared with treated control colonies. However, colony size and the reproductive success of the mite were significantly reduced in surviving colonies compared with control colonies. Our data suggest that colony-level adaptive traits may limit mite population growth by reducing mite reproduction opportunities and also by suppressing the mite reproductive success.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42644122,"asset_id":21911188,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43152401,"first_name":"Ingemar","last_name":"Fries","domain_name":"slu-se","page_name":"IngemarFries","display_name":"Ingemar Fries","profile_url":"https://slu-se.academia.edu/IngemarFries?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":40422,"name":"Natural Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Selection?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":64753,"name":"Apis mellifera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apis_mellifera?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":126064,"name":"Honey bee","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honey_bee?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":151945,"name":"Reproductive Success","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproductive_Success?f_ri=297937"},{"id":187908,"name":"Population Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Growth?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":583772,"name":"Apidologie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apidologie?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8651005" data-work_id="8651005" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8651005/A_Review_of_the_Biology_of_the_Parasitic_Copepod_Lernaeocera_branchialis_L_1767_Copepoda_Pennellidae">A Review of the Biology of the Parasitic Copepod Lernaeocera branchialis (L., 1767) (Copepoda: Pennellidae</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This review concerns the parasitic marine copepod Lernaeocera branchialis (L., 1767) and provides an overview of current knowledge concerning its biology and host-parasite interactions. The large size and distinctive appearance of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8651005" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This review concerns the parasitic marine copepod Lernaeocera branchialis (L., 1767) and provides an overview of current knowledge concerning its biology and host-parasite interactions. The large size and distinctive appearance of the metamorphosed adult female stage, coupled with the wide exploitation and commercial importance of its final gadoid hosts, means that this species has long been recognised in the scientific literature. The fact that the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., is one of its key host species, and has itself had a major impact on the social and economic development of many countries bordering the North Atlantic for more than 10 centuries is also a factor in its widespread recognition. L. branchialis is recognised as a pathogen that could have major effects on the aquaculture industry and with gadoid (especially cod) farming expanding in several North Atlantic countries, there is considerable potential for this parasite to become a serious problem for commercial mariculture. The main subject areas covered are the parasite's taxonomy; the life history of the parasite including its life cycle, reproduction and host associations; parasite physiology; parasite seasonality and distribution; and the pathogenic effects of the parasite on its host.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8651005" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb2ef315640e60f8ca608b788a355c74" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48031191,"asset_id":8651005,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48031191/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18045091" href="https://stir.academia.edu/AndrewShinn">Andrew Shinn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18045091" type="text/json">{"id":18045091,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Shinn","domain_name":"stir","page_name":"AndrewShinn","display_name":"Andrew Shinn","profile_url":"https://stir.academia.edu/AndrewShinn?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8651005 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8651005"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8651005, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8651005", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8651005 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8651005; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8651005"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8651005 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8651005"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8651005; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8651005]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8651005").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8651005").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8651005"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7666" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_history">Life history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7666" type="text/json">{"id":7666,"name":"Life history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_history?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8651005]'), work: {"id":8651005,"title":"A Review of the Biology of the Parasitic Copepod Lernaeocera branchialis (L., 1767) (Copepoda: Pennellidae","created_at":"2014-10-05T23:32:33.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8651005/A_Review_of_the_Biology_of_the_Parasitic_Copepod_Lernaeocera_branchialis_L_1767_Copepoda_Pennellidae?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_8651005","summary":"This review concerns the parasitic marine copepod Lernaeocera branchialis (L., 1767) and provides an overview of current knowledge concerning its biology and host-parasite interactions. The large size and distinctive appearance of the metamorphosed adult female stage, coupled with the wide exploitation and commercial importance of its final gadoid hosts, means that this species has long been recognised in the scientific literature. The fact that the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., is one of its key host species, and has itself had a major impact on the social and economic development of many countries bordering the North Atlantic for more than 10 centuries is also a factor in its widespread recognition. L. branchialis is recognised as a pathogen that could have major effects on the aquaculture industry and with gadoid (especially cod) farming expanding in several North Atlantic countries, there is considerable potential for this parasite to become a serious problem for commercial mariculture. The main subject areas covered are the parasite's taxonomy; the life history of the parasite including its life cycle, reproduction and host associations; parasite physiology; parasite seasonality and distribution; and the pathogenic effects of the parasite on its host.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48031191,"asset_id":8651005,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18045091,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Shinn","domain_name":"stir","page_name":"AndrewShinn","display_name":"Andrew Shinn","profile_url":"https://stir.academia.edu/AndrewShinn?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":7666,"name":"Life history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_history?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":11395,"name":"Economic Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Development?f_ri=297937"},{"id":13919,"name":"Fish Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Diseases?f_ri=297937"},{"id":48259,"name":"Copepoda","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copepoda?f_ri=297937"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=297937"},{"id":82675,"name":"North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_Atlantic?f_ri=297937"},{"id":98674,"name":"Subject Areas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subject_Areas?f_ri=297937"},{"id":112288,"name":"Atlantic cod","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_cod?f_ri=297937"},{"id":112289,"name":"Gadus morhua","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gadus_morhua?f_ri=297937"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=297937"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17473193 coauthored" data-work_id="17473193" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17473193/Life_cycle_of_the_sea_lamprey_Petromyzon_marinus_duration_of_and_growth_in_the_marine_life_stage">Life cycle of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus: duration of and growth in the marine life stage</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT Little is known about the marine life-history phase of the anadromous sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus. The most widely accepted hypothesis suggests a hematophagous feeding phase of 2.5 yr. We captured and tagged (individually... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17473193" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT Little is known about the marine life-history phase of the anadromous sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus. The most widely accepted hypothesis suggests a hematophagous feeding phase of 2.5 yr. We captured and tagged (individually numbered T-bar anchor tags) 408 postmetamorphic sea lampreys during the onset of the hematophagous feeding phase in the River Ulla and its estuary (NW Spain). One marked sea lamprey was recaptured during its spawning migration (total length: 895 mm, weight: 1218 g). This individual had been marked 13.5 mo before recapture, and had measured 218 mm and 20 g. Our results suggest that at least a portion of the sea lamprey population can reach adult size in 1 yr of hematophagous feeding. This further suggests a period between completion of metamorphosis and reproduction of 1.5 yr (18 to 20 mo).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17473193" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b5fcd710015990f26454fc1d01217b0c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39528970,"asset_id":17473193,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39528970/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37223913" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaServia">María Servia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37223913" type="text/json">{"id":37223913,"first_name":"María","last_name":"Servia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaríaServia","display_name":"María Servia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaServia?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-17473193">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-17473193"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RufinoVieiraLanero">Rufino Vieira Lanero</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://usc-es.academia.edu/FernandoCobo">Fernando Cobo</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-17473193'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-17473193').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17473193 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17473193"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17473193, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17473193", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17473193 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17473193; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17473193"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17473193 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17473193"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17473193; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17473193]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17473193").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17473193").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17473193"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology">Marine Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="158" type="text/json">{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2501" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding">Feeding</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2501" type="text/json">{"id":2501,"name":"Feeding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17473193]'), work: {"id":17473193,"title":"Life cycle of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus: duration of and growth in the marine life stage","created_at":"2015-10-29T09:02:32.131-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17473193/Life_cycle_of_the_sea_lamprey_Petromyzon_marinus_duration_of_and_growth_in_the_marine_life_stage?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_17473193","summary":"ABSTRACT Little is known about the marine life-history phase of the anadromous sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus. The most widely accepted hypothesis suggests a hematophagous feeding phase of 2.5 yr. We captured and tagged (individually numbered T-bar anchor tags) 408 postmetamorphic sea lampreys during the onset of the hematophagous feeding phase in the River Ulla and its estuary (NW Spain). One marked sea lamprey was recaptured during its spawning migration (total length: 895 mm, weight: 1218 g). This individual had been marked 13.5 mo before recapture, and had measured 218 mm and 20 g. Our results suggest that at least a portion of the sea lamprey population can reach adult size in 1 yr of hematophagous feeding. This further suggests a period between completion of metamorphosis and reproduction of 1.5 yr (18 to 20 mo).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39528970,"asset_id":17473193,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37223913,"first_name":"María","last_name":"Servia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaríaServia","display_name":"María Servia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaServia?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":1200855,"first_name":"Rufino","last_name":"Vieira Lanero","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RufinoVieiraLanero","display_name":"Rufino Vieira Lanero","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RufinoVieiraLanero?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1200855/431099/533494/s65_rufino.vieira_lanero.jpg"},{"id":28550734,"first_name":"Fernando","last_name":"Cobo","domain_name":"usc-es","page_name":"FernandoCobo","display_name":"Fernando Cobo","profile_url":"https://usc-es.academia.edu/FernandoCobo?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":2501,"name":"Feeding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":11873,"name":"Fish Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Biology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":11875,"name":"Freshwater Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater_Ecology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":54961,"name":"Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth?f_ri=297937"},{"id":94271,"name":"Parasite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite?f_ri=297937"},{"id":130960,"name":"Aquatic Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquatic_Biology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":136311,"name":"Fish Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Migration?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":383830,"name":"Lamprey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lamprey?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5371486" data-work_id="5371486" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5371486/Bird_Ectoparasite_Interactions_Nest_Humidity_and_Ectoparasite_Community_Structure">Bird-Ectoparasite Interactions, Nest Humidity, and Ectoparasite Community Structure</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Host nests are the key habitat for ectoparasite species that live and reproduce within the nest material. Nest properties can influence host and parasite reproductive success, and therefore the outcome of host-parasite interactions, as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5371486" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Host nests are the key habitat for ectoparasite species that live and reproduce within the nest material. Nest properties can influence host and parasite reproductive success, and therefore the outcome of host-parasite interactions, as well as the composition of parasite communities. Previous correlational results suggested that nest humidity may increase the negative effect of fleas on Great Tit (Parus major) reproductive success. Since the causality of the relationship was unknown, we simultaneously manipulated both hen flea (Ceratophyllus gallinae) infestation and nest humidity in order to investigate: (1) the effect of flea infestation on nest humidity, (2) the effect of nest humidity on the prevalence of flea infestations, (3) the effect of nest humidity on adult flea survival and reproduction, (4) the interaction between flea infestations and nest humidity on Great Tit reproductive performance, and (5) the effect of both factors on secondary infestations by ectoparasitic Protocalliphora flies. The present study provides the first example of an ectoparasite acting as a physical ecosystem engineer where nest humidity increased as a result of flea infestations. In experimentally uninfested nests, infestation of hosts by immigrant fleas was more frequent in nests with reduced humidity. In experimentally infested nests, manipulation of humidity did not significantly affect the number of adult fleas or larvae. Hen flea infestation reduced Great Tit nestling body mass, tarsus length, and wing length, as well as the number of young fledged. The detrimental effect of the fleas on Great Tit reproduction was not altered by our modifications of nest humidity. The effect of fleas on nestling growth parameters and the number young fledged did not vary significantly with the seasonal decrease in reproductive performance of the birds, or with the number of young in the brood. The prevalence of secondary infestations by Protocalliphora was higher in nests with reduced humidity, and in nests experimentally infested with fleas. The numbers of Protocalliphora pupae were lower in flea-infested nests. This study provides the first experimental evidence that an abiotic factor within nests can affect ectoparasite infracommunity structure. It also provides the first evidence for an interspecific association between two ectoparasite species.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5371486" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="699a0862d18f761c4e47c410227f98c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32517516,"asset_id":5371486,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32517516/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7473075" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/HeinzRichner">Heinz Richner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7473075" type="text/json">{"id":7473075,"first_name":"Heinz","last_name":"Richner","domain_name":"unibe-ch","page_name":"HeinzRichner","display_name":"Heinz Richner","profile_url":"https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/HeinzRichner?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7473075/11460994/12783197/s65_heinz.richner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5371486 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5371486"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5371486, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5371486", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5371486 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5371486; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5371486"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5371486 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5371486"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5371486; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5371486]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5371486").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5371486").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5371486"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="151945" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproductive_Success">Reproductive Success</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="151945" type="text/json">{"id":151945,"name":"Reproductive Success","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproductive_Success?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="154235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Structure">Community Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="154235" type="text/json">{"id":154235,"name":"Community Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Structure?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5371486]'), work: {"id":5371486,"title":"Bird-Ectoparasite Interactions, Nest Humidity, and Ectoparasite Community Structure","created_at":"2013-12-09T19:43:17.944-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5371486/Bird_Ectoparasite_Interactions_Nest_Humidity_and_Ectoparasite_Community_Structure?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_5371486","summary":"Host nests are the key habitat for ectoparasite species that live and reproduce within the nest material. Nest properties can influence host and parasite reproductive success, and therefore the outcome of host-parasite interactions, as well as the composition of parasite communities. Previous correlational results suggested that nest humidity may increase the negative effect of fleas on Great Tit (Parus major) reproductive success. Since the causality of the relationship was unknown, we simultaneously manipulated both hen flea (Ceratophyllus gallinae) infestation and nest humidity in order to investigate: (1) the effect of flea infestation on nest humidity, (2) the effect of nest humidity on the prevalence of flea infestations, (3) the effect of nest humidity on adult flea survival and reproduction, (4) the interaction between flea infestations and nest humidity on Great Tit reproductive performance, and (5) the effect of both factors on secondary infestations by ectoparasitic Protocalliphora flies. The present study provides the first example of an ectoparasite acting as a physical ecosystem engineer where nest humidity increased as a result of flea infestations. In experimentally uninfested nests, infestation of hosts by immigrant fleas was more frequent in nests with reduced humidity. In experimentally infested nests, manipulation of humidity did not significantly affect the number of adult fleas or larvae. Hen flea infestation reduced Great Tit nestling body mass, tarsus length, and wing length, as well as the number of young fledged. The detrimental effect of the fleas on Great Tit reproduction was not altered by our modifications of nest humidity. The effect of fleas on nestling growth parameters and the number young fledged did not vary significantly with the seasonal decrease in reproductive performance of the birds, or with the number of young in the brood. The prevalence of secondary infestations by Protocalliphora was higher in nests with reduced humidity, and in nests experimentally infested with fleas. The numbers of Protocalliphora pupae were lower in flea-infested nests. This study provides the first experimental evidence that an abiotic factor within nests can affect ectoparasite infracommunity structure. It also provides the first evidence for an interspecific association between two ectoparasite species.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32517516,"asset_id":5371486,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7473075,"first_name":"Heinz","last_name":"Richner","domain_name":"unibe-ch","page_name":"HeinzRichner","display_name":"Heinz Richner","profile_url":"https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/HeinzRichner?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7473075/11460994/12783197/s65_heinz.richner.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":151945,"name":"Reproductive Success","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproductive_Success?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":154235,"name":"Community Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Structure?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":282945,"name":"Ecosystem engineer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem_engineer?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":397456,"name":"Body Mass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Body_Mass?f_ri=297937"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2165801,"name":"Abiotic factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiotic_factors?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2277123,"name":"Reproductive Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproductive_Performance?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_434388 coauthored" data-work_id="434388" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/434388/Ecological_functions_and_ecosystem_services_of_Scarabaeine_dung_beetles_a_review">Ecological functions and ecosystem services of Scarabaeine dung beetles: a review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Clear understanding of the links between ecological functions and biodiversity is needed to assess and predict the true environmental consequences of human activities. Several key ecosystem functions are provided by coprophagous beetles... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_434388" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Clear understanding of the links between ecological functions and biodiversity is needed to assess and predict the true environmental consequences of human activities. Several key ecosystem functions are provided by coprophagous beetles in the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), which feed on animal excreta as both adults and larvae. Through manipulating feces during the feeding process, dung beetles instigate a series of ecosystem functions ranging from secondary seed dispersal to nutrient cycling and parasite suppression. Many of these ecological functions provide valuable ecosystem services such as biological pest control and soil fertilization. Here we summarize the contributions of dung beetles to nutrient cycling, bioturbation, plant growth enhancement, secondary seed dispersal and parasite control, as well as highlight their more limited role in pollination and trophic regulation. We discuss where these ecosystem functions clearly translate into ecosystem services, outline areas in critical need of additional research and describe a research agenda to fill those gaps. Due to the high sensitivity of dung beetles to habitat modification and changing dung resources, many of these ecological processes have already been disrupted or may be affected in the future. Prediction of the functional consequences of dung beetle decline demands functional studies conducted with naturally assembled beetle communities, which broaden the geographic scope of existing work, assess the spatio-temporal distribution of multiple functions, and link these ecosystem processes more clearly to ecosystem services.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/434388" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6aa140d5dba22c3148bf3a95cffbf32c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32708123,"asset_id":434388,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32708123/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="325849" href="https://lowermekong.academia.edu/LizNichols">Liz Nichols</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="325849" type="text/json">{"id":325849,"first_name":"Liz","last_name":"Nichols","domain_name":"lowermekong","page_name":"LizNichols","display_name":"Liz Nichols","profile_url":"https://lowermekong.academia.edu/LizNichols?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/325849/91613/106835481/s65_liz.nichols.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-434388">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-434388"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ufla.academia.edu/JulioLouzada">Julio Louzada</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-434388'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-434388').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_434388 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="434388"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 434388, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_434388", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_434388 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 434388; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_434388"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_434388 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="434388"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 434388; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=434388]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_434388").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_434388").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="434388"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1359" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystems_Ecology">Ecosystems Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1359" type="text/json">{"id":1359,"name":"Ecosystems Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystems_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2312" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem_Services">Ecosystem Services</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2312" type="text/json">{"id":2312,"name":"Ecosystem Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem_Services?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20441" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dung_Beetles">Dung Beetles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20441" type="text/json">{"id":20441,"name":"Dung Beetles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dung_Beetles?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=434388]'), work: {"id":434388,"title":"Ecological functions and ecosystem services of Scarabaeine dung beetles: a review","created_at":"2011-02-08T01:20:28.095-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/434388/Ecological_functions_and_ecosystem_services_of_Scarabaeine_dung_beetles_a_review?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_434388","summary":"Clear understanding of the links between ecological functions and biodiversity is needed to assess and predict the true environmental consequences of human activities. Several key ecosystem functions are provided by coprophagous beetles in the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), which feed on animal excreta as both adults and larvae. Through manipulating feces during the feeding process, dung beetles instigate a series of ecosystem functions ranging from secondary seed dispersal to nutrient cycling and parasite suppression. Many of these ecological functions provide valuable ecosystem services such as biological pest control and soil fertilization. Here we summarize the contributions of dung beetles to nutrient cycling, bioturbation, plant growth enhancement, secondary seed dispersal and parasite control, as well as highlight their more limited role in pollination and trophic regulation. We discuss where these ecosystem functions clearly translate into ecosystem services, outline areas in critical need of additional research and describe a research agenda to fill those gaps. Due to the high sensitivity of dung beetles to habitat modification and changing dung resources, many of these ecological processes have already been disrupted or may be affected in the future. Prediction of the functional consequences of dung beetle decline demands functional studies conducted with naturally assembled beetle communities, which broaden the geographic scope of existing work, assess the spatio-temporal distribution of multiple functions, and link these ecosystem processes more clearly to ecosystem services.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32708123,"asset_id":434388,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":325849,"first_name":"Liz","last_name":"Nichols","domain_name":"lowermekong","page_name":"LizNichols","display_name":"Liz Nichols","profile_url":"https://lowermekong.academia.edu/LizNichols?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/325849/91613/106835481/s65_liz.nichols.jpg"},{"id":35214591,"first_name":"Julio","last_name":"Louzada","domain_name":"ufla","page_name":"JulioLouzada","display_name":"Julio Louzada","profile_url":"https://ufla.academia.edu/JulioLouzada?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35214591/10230102/11416656/s65_julio.louzada.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1359,"name":"Ecosystems Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystems_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":2312,"name":"Ecosystem Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem_Services?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":20441,"name":"Dung Beetles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dung_Beetles?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":572133,"name":"Ecological Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Function?f_ri=297937"},{"id":572134,"name":"Biotic regulation of parasite transmission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotic_regulation_of_parasite_transmission?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13697177" data-work_id="13697177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13697177/Eicosanoids_in_parasites_and_parasitic_infections">Eicosanoids in parasites and parasitic infections</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Eicosanoids are lipid mediators with multiple functions in vertebrate tissues and invertebrate organisms. In this review the roles of eicosanoids--mostly prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes and leukotrienes--in parasite physiology and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13697177" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Eicosanoids are lipid mediators with multiple functions in vertebrate tissues and invertebrate organisms. In this review the roles of eicosanoids--mostly prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes and leukotrienes--in parasite physiology and host-parasite interactions are discussed. PGs are present in the saliva of blood-sucking arthropods facilitating feeding by increasing local blood flow and prolonged attachment of ticks by immune suppression. Release of various eicosanoids has also been demonstrated for a number of protozoan and metazoan endoparasites. These substances appear to play a role in penetration, immune suppression, inflammation or modulation of haemostasis, enabling parasite invasion and establishment. Moreover, endogenous eicosanoids serve various functions in parasite metabolism and physiology. In many parasitic infections eicosanoids are involved in host pathology, e.g. granuloma formation, coagulopathy, secretory diarrhoea, or fever. Immune suppression by induction of PG ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13697177" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c7e3c6fec6eacf69516654460536de9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45048689,"asset_id":13697177,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45048689/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32833080" href="https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/ArwidDaugschies">Arwid Daugschies</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32833080" type="text/json">{"id":32833080,"first_name":"Arwid","last_name":"Daugschies","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"ArwidDaugschies","display_name":"Arwid Daugschies","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/ArwidDaugschies?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13697177 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13697177"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13697177, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13697177", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13697177 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13697177; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13697177"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13697177 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13697177"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13697177; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13697177]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13697177").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13697177").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13697177"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="103375" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites">Parasites</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="103375" type="text/json">{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13697177]'), work: {"id":13697177,"title":"Eicosanoids in parasites and parasitic infections","created_at":"2015-07-06T05:01:50.055-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13697177/Eicosanoids_in_parasites_and_parasitic_infections?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_13697177","summary":"Eicosanoids are lipid mediators with multiple functions in vertebrate tissues and invertebrate organisms. In this review the roles of eicosanoids--mostly prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes and leukotrienes--in parasite physiology and host-parasite interactions are discussed. PGs are present in the saliva of blood-sucking arthropods facilitating feeding by increasing local blood flow and prolonged attachment of ticks by immune suppression. Release of various eicosanoids has also been demonstrated for a number of protozoan and metazoan endoparasites. These substances appear to play a role in penetration, immune suppression, inflammation or modulation of haemostasis, enabling parasite invasion and establishment. Moreover, endogenous eicosanoids serve various functions in parasite metabolism and physiology. In many parasitic infections eicosanoids are involved in host pathology, e.g. granuloma formation, coagulopathy, secretory diarrhoea, or fever. Immune suppression by induction of PG ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45048689,"asset_id":13697177,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32833080,"first_name":"Arwid","last_name":"Daugschies","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"ArwidDaugschies","display_name":"Arwid Daugschies","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/ArwidDaugschies?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":106428,"name":"Eicosanoids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eicosanoids?f_ri=297937"},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":426588,"name":"Blood Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Flow?f_ri=297937"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences?f_ri=297937"},{"id":742440,"name":"Parasitic Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitic_Diseases?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1626168,"name":"Prostaglandin E2","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostaglandin_E2?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1984992,"name":"Immune Suppression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_Suppression?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19475810" data-work_id="19475810" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19475810/Leishmania_cell_surface_prohibitin_role_in_host_parasite_interaction">Leishmania cell surface prohibitin: role in host-parasite interaction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Proteins selectively upregulated in infective parasitic forms could be critical for disease pathogenesis. A mammalian prohibitin orthologue is upregulated in infective metacyclic promastigotes of Leishmania donovani, a parasite that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19475810" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Proteins selectively upregulated in infective parasitic forms could be critical for disease pathogenesis. A mammalian prohibitin orthologue is upregulated in infective metacyclic promastigotes of Leishmania donovani, a parasite that causes visceral leishmaniasis. Leishmania donovani prohibitin shares 41% similarity with mammalian prohibitin and 95-100% within the genus. Prohibitin is concentrated at the surface of the flagellar and the aflagellar pole, the aflagellar pole being a region through which host-parasite interactions occur. Prohibitin is attached to the membrane through a GPI anchor. Overexpression of wild-type prohibitin increases protein surface density resulting in parasites with higher infectivity. However, parasites overexpressing a mutant prohibitin with an amino acid substitution at the GPI anchor site to prevent surface expression through GPI-link show lesser surface expression and lower infective abilities. Furthermore, the presence of anti-prohibitin antibodies during macrophage-Leishmania interaction in vitro reduces infection. The cognate binding partner for Leishmania prohibitin on the host cell appears to be macrophage surface HSP70, siRNA mediated downregulation of which abrogates the capability of the macrophage to bind to parasites. Leishmania prohibitin is able to generate a strong humoral response in visceral leishmaniasis patients. The above observations suggest that prohibitin plays an important role in events leading to Leishmania-host interaction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19475810" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ee5031e19406f101525d09afc4de6a59" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40641387,"asset_id":19475810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40641387/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39688231" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChitraMandal">Chitra Mandal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39688231" type="text/json">{"id":39688231,"first_name":"Chitra","last_name":"Mandal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChitraMandal","display_name":"Chitra Mandal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChitraMandal?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19475810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19475810"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19475810, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19475810", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19475810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19475810; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19475810"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19475810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19475810"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19475810; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19475810]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19475810").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19475810").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19475810"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11298" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins">Membrane Proteins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11298" type="text/json">{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17491" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages">Macrophages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17491" type="text/json">{"id":17491,"name":"Macrophages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19475810]'), work: {"id":19475810,"title":"Leishmania cell surface prohibitin: role in host-parasite interaction","created_at":"2015-12-04T11:41:59.056-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19475810/Leishmania_cell_surface_prohibitin_role_in_host_parasite_interaction?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_19475810","summary":"Proteins selectively upregulated in infective parasitic forms could be critical for disease pathogenesis. A mammalian prohibitin orthologue is upregulated in infective metacyclic promastigotes of Leishmania donovani, a parasite that causes visceral leishmaniasis. Leishmania donovani prohibitin shares 41% similarity with mammalian prohibitin and 95-100% within the genus. Prohibitin is concentrated at the surface of the flagellar and the aflagellar pole, the aflagellar pole being a region through which host-parasite interactions occur. Prohibitin is attached to the membrane through a GPI anchor. Overexpression of wild-type prohibitin increases protein surface density resulting in parasites with higher infectivity. However, parasites overexpressing a mutant prohibitin with an amino acid substitution at the GPI anchor site to prevent surface expression through GPI-link show lesser surface expression and lower infective abilities. Furthermore, the presence of anti-prohibitin antibodies during macrophage-Leishmania interaction in vitro reduces infection. The cognate binding partner for Leishmania prohibitin on the host cell appears to be macrophage surface HSP70, siRNA mediated downregulation of which abrogates the capability of the macrophage to bind to parasites. Leishmania prohibitin is able to generate a strong humoral response in visceral leishmaniasis patients. The above observations suggest that prohibitin plays an important role in events leading to Leishmania-host interaction.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40641387,"asset_id":19475810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39688231,"first_name":"Chitra","last_name":"Mandal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChitraMandal","display_name":"Chitra Mandal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChitraMandal?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":17491,"name":"Macrophages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":29255,"name":"Cellular microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_microbiology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":32923,"name":"Gene Silencing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Silencing?f_ri=297937"},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=297937"},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=297937"},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":744838,"name":"Protozoan Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protozoan_Proteins?f_ri=297937"},{"id":923659,"name":"Virulence Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virulence_Factors?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1010725,"name":"Protein Binding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Binding?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43015020" data-work_id="43015020" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43015020/From_waste_to_high_value_added_products">From waste to high value added products</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Everyday we produces tons of waste in our daily life but in this presentation we will understand how we will produce valuable products by using SSF (Solid state Fermentation ) technology, where substrate will be the "Wastes".</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43015020" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1defa9ee955af7be9bbb6f02061d0536" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63279489,"asset_id":43015020,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Aditya","profile_url":"https://amity.academia.edu/SubhadeepAditya?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114493756/35180362/30619004/s65_subhadeep.aditya.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43015020 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43015020"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43015020, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43015020", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43015020 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43015020; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43015020"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4553" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology">Toxicology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4553" type="text/json">{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84243" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Biotechnology">Medical Biotechnology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84243" type="text/json">{"id":84243,"name":"Medical Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Biotechnology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137610" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quorum_Sensing">Quorum Sensing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="137610" type="text/json">{"id":137610,"name":"Quorum Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quorum_Sensing?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43015020]'), work: {"id":43015020,"title":"From waste to high value added products","created_at":"2020-05-11T21:11:49.790-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43015020/From_waste_to_high_value_added_products?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_43015020","summary":"Everyday we produces tons of waste in our daily life but in this presentation we will understand how we will produce valuable products by using SSF (Solid state Fermentation ) technology, where substrate will be the \"Wastes\". ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63279489,"asset_id":43015020,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":114493756,"first_name":"Subhadeep","last_name":"Aditya","domain_name":"amity","page_name":"SubhadeepAditya","display_name":"Subhadeep Aditya","profile_url":"https://amity.academia.edu/SubhadeepAditya?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114493756/35180362/30619004/s65_subhadeep.aditya.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":84243,"name":"Medical Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Biotechnology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":137610,"name":"Quorum Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quorum_Sensing?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":140372,"name":"Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Microbiology_and_Biotechnology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12068823" data-work_id="12068823" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12068823/Bibliography_database_of_living_fossil_sharks_rays_and_chimaeras_Chondrichthyes_Elasmobranchii_Holocephali_Host_Parasites_List_Parasite_Hosts_List_www_shark_references_com_World_Wide_Web_electronic_publication_Version_04_2015_ISSN_2195_6499">Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) -Host-Parasites List/Parasite-Hosts List-, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 04/2015; ISSN: 2195-6499</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is the second version of the database report “Host-Parasite List” and “Parasite-Host List” of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali). The two lists result from the analysis of 1,078 research articles... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12068823" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is the second version of the database report “Host-Parasite List” and “Parasite-Host List” of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali). The two lists result from the analysis of 1,078 research articles reporting on host-parasite relations in diverse species of sharks, rays, and chimaeras. The list contains 6,891 records in total. This edition contains 2,036 different species of parasites recovered from 495 species of elasmobranchs. All information about the parasites are also available at <a href="http://shark-references.com/species/host-parasites-list/A" rel="nofollow">http://shark-references.com/species/host-parasites-list/A</a> or <a href="http://shark-references.com/species/parasite-hosts-list/A" rel="nofollow">http://shark-references.com/species/parasite-hosts-list/A</a>  (weekly update).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12068823" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6c88bd928c09071672a2afaf5d1828f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37438097,"asset_id":12068823,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37438097/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="345702" href="https://independent.academia.edu/j%C3%BCrgenpollersp%C3%B6ck">Jürgen Pollerspöck</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="345702" type="text/json">{"id":345702,"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Pollerspöck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"jürgenpollerspöck","display_name":"Jürgen Pollerspöck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/j%C3%BCrgenpollersp%C3%B6ck?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/345702/2802182/3267935/s65_j_rgen.pollersp_ck.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12068823 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12068823"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12068823, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12068823", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12068823]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12068823").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12068823").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12068823"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64644" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chondrichthyes">Chondrichthyes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64644" type="text/json">{"id":64644,"name":"Chondrichthyes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chondrichthyes?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71124" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sharks">Sharks</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71124" type="text/json">{"id":71124,"name":"Sharks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sharks?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80086" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Parasites">Fish Parasites</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="80086" type="text/json">{"id":80086,"name":"Fish Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12068823]'), work: {"id":12068823,"title":"Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) -Host-Parasites List/Parasite-Hosts List-, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 04/2015; ISSN: 2195-6499","created_at":"2015-04-22T09:03:03.058-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12068823/Bibliography_database_of_living_fossil_sharks_rays_and_chimaeras_Chondrichthyes_Elasmobranchii_Holocephali_Host_Parasites_List_Parasite_Hosts_List_www_shark_references_com_World_Wide_Web_electronic_publication_Version_04_2015_ISSN_2195_6499?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_12068823","summary":"This is the second version of the database report “Host-Parasite List” and “Parasite-Host List” of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali). The two lists result from the analysis of 1,078 research articles reporting on host-parasite relations in diverse species of sharks, rays, and chimaeras. The list contains 6,891 records in total. This edition contains 2,036 different species of parasites recovered from 495 species of elasmobranchs. All information about the parasites are also available at http://shark-references.com/species/host-parasites-list/A or http://shark-references.com/species/parasite-hosts-list/A (weekly update).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37438097,"asset_id":12068823,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":345702,"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Pollerspöck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"jürgenpollerspöck","display_name":"Jürgen Pollerspöck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/j%C3%BCrgenpollersp%C3%B6ck?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/345702/2802182/3267935/s65_j_rgen.pollersp_ck.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":64644,"name":"Chondrichthyes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chondrichthyes?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":71124,"name":"Sharks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sharks?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":80086,"name":"Fish Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":86649,"name":"Elasmobranchs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elasmobranchs?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1009606,"name":"Skates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Skates?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1215208,"name":"Chimaera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chimaera?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71555630 coauthored" data-work_id="71555630" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71555630/Drug_dose_and_animal_welfare_important_considerations_in_the_treatment_of_wildlife">Drug dose and animal welfare: important considerations in the treatment of wildlife</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A recent publication in Parasitology Research by (Old et al. Parasitol Res 120:1077-1090, 2021) raises the topical and often controversial issue of the treatment of wildlife by personnel with little or no formal scientific training (e.g.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71555630" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A recent publication in Parasitology Research by (Old et al. Parasitol Res 120:1077-1090, 2021) raises the topical and often controversial issue of the treatment of wildlife by personnel with little or no formal scientific training (e.g. wildlife carers). In a valuable contribution to the subject, Old and colleagues document a wide range of topical (pour-on) application doses and frequencies of moxidectin (Cydectin®) administered in situ to bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) by members of the wildlife carer/treater community in southeast Australia to treat sarcoptic mange disease. This treatment occurred under minor use permits issued by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Management Authority (APVMA). These permits do not require veterinary supervision, although carers are registered and are expected to comply with the guidelines of this permit. The prevalence and severity of sarcoptic mange in wildlife is influenced by a variety of factors including mite biology, environmental conditions, population density, animal behaviour and immune susceptibility (Browne et al. Bioscience, 2021). In bare-nosed wombats, combinations of these elements play a substantial role in making the treatment of an already difficult disease more complex. (Moroni et al. Parasit Vectors 13:471, 2020) comment that any pharmacological treatment of freeranging wildlife must consider these factors when assessing their feasibility and implications, especially in the context of emerging drug resistance and potential long-term ecological impacts. As individuals with significant interest in sarcoptic mange and representing a range of professional research and veterinary expertise, we see value in providing expert commentary on this issue.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71555630" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83ad77a11b2159e4763b25815474df45" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80848405,"asset_id":71555630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80848405/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2632803" href="https://westernsydney.academia.edu/JulieOld">Julie M Old</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2632803" type="text/json">{"id":2632803,"first_name":"Julie","last_name":"Old","domain_name":"westernsydney","page_name":"JulieOld","display_name":"Julie M Old","profile_url":"https://westernsydney.academia.edu/JulieOld?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2632803/2021797/40122662/s65_julie.old.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-71555630">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-71555630"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://sydney.academia.edu/HayleyStannard">Hayley Stannard</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-71555630'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-71555630').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71555630 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71555630"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71555630; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71555630]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71555630").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71555630").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71555630"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5100" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acaralogia_Ticks_and_mites">Acaralogia:Ticks and mites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5100" type="text/json">{"id":5100,"name":"Acaralogia:Ticks and mites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acaralogia_Ticks_and_mites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25547" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marsupials">Marsupials</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25547" type="text/json">{"id":25547,"name":"Marsupials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marsupials?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41779" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals">Mammals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41779" type="text/json">{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99479" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arachnida">Arachnida</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="99479" type="text/json">{"id":99479,"name":"Arachnida","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arachnida?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71555630]'), work: {"id":71555630,"title":"Drug dose and animal welfare: important considerations in the treatment of wildlife","created_at":"2022-02-14T20:43:59.227-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71555630/Drug_dose_and_animal_welfare_important_considerations_in_the_treatment_of_wildlife?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_71555630","summary":"A recent publication in Parasitology Research by (Old et al. Parasitol Res 120:1077-1090, 2021) raises the topical and often controversial issue of the treatment of wildlife by personnel with little or no formal scientific training (e.g. wildlife carers). In a valuable contribution to the subject, Old and colleagues document a wide range of topical (pour-on) application doses and frequencies of moxidectin (Cydectin®) administered in situ to bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) by members of the wildlife carer/treater community in southeast Australia to treat sarcoptic mange disease. This treatment occurred under minor use permits issued by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Management Authority (APVMA). These permits do not require veterinary supervision, although carers are registered and are expected to comply with the guidelines of this permit. The prevalence and severity of sarcoptic mange in wildlife is influenced by a variety of factors including mite biology, environmental conditions, population density, animal behaviour and immune susceptibility (Browne et al. Bioscience, 2021). In bare-nosed wombats, combinations of these elements play a substantial role in making the treatment of an already difficult disease more complex. (Moroni et al. Parasit Vectors 13:471, 2020) comment that any pharmacological treatment of freeranging wildlife must consider these factors when assessing their feasibility and implications, especially in the context of emerging drug resistance and potential long-term ecological impacts. As individuals with significant interest in sarcoptic mange and representing a range of professional research and veterinary expertise, we see value in providing expert commentary on this issue.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80848405,"asset_id":71555630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2632803,"first_name":"Julie","last_name":"Old","domain_name":"westernsydney","page_name":"JulieOld","display_name":"Julie M Old","profile_url":"https://westernsydney.academia.edu/JulieOld?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2632803/2021797/40122662/s65_julie.old.jpg"},{"id":4730437,"first_name":"Hayley","last_name":"Stannard","domain_name":"sydney","page_name":"HayleyStannard","display_name":"Hayley Stannard","profile_url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/HayleyStannard?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4730437/2001490/2361821/s65_hayley.stannard.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5100,"name":"Acaralogia:Ticks and mites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acaralogia_Ticks_and_mites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":25547,"name":"Marsupials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marsupials?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":99479,"name":"Arachnida","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arachnida?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937"},{"id":197478,"name":"Wombats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wombats?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1362084,"name":"Sarcoptic Mange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sarcoptic_Mange?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9529661" data-work_id="9529661" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9529661/The_Mata_Hari_syndrome_every_night_different">The Mata Hari syndrome: every night different</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Margaretha Geetruida Zelle, aka Mata Hari, was born to a petit-bourgeoisie family in Leewarden, Holland, in 1876. As the 18 year-old mail-order bride of a Dutch naval officer, Zelle lived for years as an officer’s wife in Dutch colonized... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9529661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Margaretha Geetruida Zelle, aka Mata Hari, was born to a petit-bourgeoisie family in Leewarden, Holland, in 1876. As the 18 year-old mail-order bride of a Dutch naval officer, Zelle lived for years as an officer’s wife in Dutch colonized Indonesia, where she encountered the local art and ritual dance. Returning to the Netherlands, she was divorced from her abusive husband and emerged some years later in Paris as an exotic dancer whose mysterious “Eastern” identity titillated and fed popular Orientalist fantasies. Her alleged career as a spy followed on the heels of her success as a dancer and demi-monde. She was partial to military men, and her beauty and prestige led to a series of both long and short term affairs with high ranking men who were active in military and diplomatic services in Germany, France and Belgium. Mata Hari is the starting point for a series of propositions concerning modernity, power, and polymorphic seductions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9529661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6b999ada89c3a43bd60988a5bf2d059" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35749900,"asset_id":9529661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35749900/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="970772" href="https://siu.academia.edu/SarahLewison">Sarah A Lewison</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="970772" type="text/json">{"id":970772,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Lewison","domain_name":"siu","page_name":"SarahLewison","display_name":"Sarah A Lewison","profile_url":"https://siu.academia.edu/SarahLewison?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/970772/2670266/3108027/s65_sarah.lewison.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9529661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9529661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9529661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9529661", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9529661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9529661; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9529661"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9529661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9529661"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9529661; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9529661]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9529661").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9529661").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9529661"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2080" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Installation_Art">Installation Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2080" type="text/json">{"id":2080,"name":"Installation Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Installation_Art?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3148" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actor_Network_Theory">Actor Network Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3148" type="text/json">{"id":3148,"name":"Actor Network Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actor_Network_Theory?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6325" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumerism">Consumerism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6325" type="text/json">{"id":6325,"name":"Consumerism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumerism?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9529661]'), work: {"id":9529661,"title":"The Mata Hari syndrome: every night different","created_at":"2014-11-27T12:33:02.667-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9529661/The_Mata_Hari_syndrome_every_night_different?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_9529661","summary":"Margaretha Geetruida Zelle, aka Mata Hari, was born to a petit-bourgeoisie family in Leewarden, Holland, in 1876. As the 18 year-old mail-order bride of a Dutch naval officer, Zelle lived for years as an officer’s wife in Dutch colonized Indonesia, where she encountered the local art and ritual dance. Returning to the Netherlands, she was divorced from her abusive husband and emerged some years later in Paris as an exotic dancer whose mysterious “Eastern” identity titillated and fed popular Orientalist fantasies. Her alleged career as a spy followed on the heels of her success as a dancer and demi-monde. She was partial to military men, and her beauty and prestige led to a series of both long and short term affairs with high ranking men who were active in military and diplomatic services in Germany, France and Belgium. Mata Hari is the starting point for a series of propositions concerning modernity, power, and polymorphic seductions. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35749900,"asset_id":9529661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":970772,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Lewison","domain_name":"siu","page_name":"SarahLewison","display_name":"Sarah A Lewison","profile_url":"https://siu.academia.edu/SarahLewison?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/970772/2670266/3108027/s65_sarah.lewison.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":2080,"name":"Installation Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Installation_Art?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":3148,"name":"Actor Network Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actor_Network_Theory?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":6325,"name":"Consumerism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumerism?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":8425,"name":"Michel Serres","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Michel_Serres?f_ri=297937"},{"id":10453,"name":"Feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminism?f_ri=297937"},{"id":10758,"name":"Modernity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":14998,"name":"Gender and Sexuality Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality_Studies?f_ri=297937"},{"id":21943,"name":"Burlesque","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burlesque?f_ri=297937"},{"id":26853,"name":"Animism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animism?f_ri=297937"},{"id":30027,"name":"The uncanny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_uncanny?f_ri=297937"},{"id":105756,"name":"Commodity Fetishization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commodity_Fetishization?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":303449,"name":"Novelty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Novelty?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45024350" data-work_id="45024350" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45024350/Surra_Trypanosomiasis_pada_Ternak_yang_Berpotensi_sebagai_Penyakit_Zoonosis">Surra: Trypanosomiasis pada Ternak yang Berpotensi sebagai Penyakit Zoonosis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Trypanosoma evansi is one of blood protozoans having the most wide distribution region compared to other Trypanosome species. The parasite causes trypanosomiasis known as Surra. The disease may cause mortality to the infected animals. In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45024350" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Trypanosoma evansi is one of blood protozoans having the most wide distribution region compared to other Trypanosome<br />species. The parasite causes trypanosomiasis known as Surra. The disease may cause mortality to the infected animals. In general<br />T. evansi only attack animal and cannot infect humans due to apolipoprotein 1 (Apo L-1) in human serum. The protein possess<br />trypanolitic activity feature against T. evansi and effectively eliminates the protozoa. However, the knowledge of Surra only<br />infecting animals changed because there were atypical human trypanosomiasis cases reported in some countries due to T. evansi. The human Surra case occurred in Vietnam demonstrated that person with Apo L-1 could be infected by T. evansi. There was<br />resistant strain of T. evansi found which able to disrupt human immune system. This paper will discuss Surra cases in both<br />humans and animals, including mechanism of Apo L-1 on eliminating the parasite. Surra cases in human and animal should be<br />seriously concerned because Surra could be pontential zoonosis threating human health.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45024350" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42b603ea37a0bef8b0c777756d71a60b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65572910,"asset_id":45024350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65572910/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18346254" href="https://lshtm.academia.edu/OTexWardhana">O'Tex Wardhana</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18346254" type="text/json">{"id":18346254,"first_name":"O'Tex","last_name":"Wardhana","domain_name":"lshtm","page_name":"OTexWardhana","display_name":"O'Tex Wardhana","profile_url":"https://lshtm.academia.edu/OTexWardhana?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18346254/5127677/5875749/s65_o_tex.wardhana.jpg_oh_64481553e91df6ddb3fa795a6f9e7dd0_oe_54afb09e___gda___1422141163_d5852e2adc67334f3fe3460cbb6bfaa9"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45024350 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45024350"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45024350, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45024350", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45024350]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45024350").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45024350").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45024350"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20506" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_Coevolution">Host-parasite Coevolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20506" type="text/json">{"id":20506,"name":"Host-parasite Coevolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_Coevolution?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53317" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intestinal_Parasites">Intestinal Parasites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53317" type="text/json">{"id":53317,"name":"Intestinal Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intestinal_Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="103375" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites">Parasites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="103375" type="text/json">{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45024350]'), work: {"id":45024350,"title":"Surra: Trypanosomiasis pada Ternak yang Berpotensi sebagai Penyakit Zoonosis","created_at":"2021-02-01T02:17:49.815-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45024350/Surra_Trypanosomiasis_pada_Ternak_yang_Berpotensi_sebagai_Penyakit_Zoonosis?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_45024350","summary":"Trypanosoma evansi is one of blood protozoans having the most wide distribution region compared to other Trypanosome\nspecies. The parasite causes trypanosomiasis known as Surra. The disease may cause mortality to the infected animals. In general\nT. evansi only attack animal and cannot infect humans due to apolipoprotein 1 (Apo L-1) in human serum. The protein possess\ntrypanolitic activity feature against T. evansi and effectively eliminates the protozoa. However, the knowledge of Surra only\ninfecting animals changed because there were atypical human trypanosomiasis cases reported in some countries due to T. evansi. The human Surra case occurred in Vietnam demonstrated that person with Apo L-1 could be infected by T. evansi. There was\nresistant strain of T. evansi found which able to disrupt human immune system. This paper will discuss Surra cases in both\nhumans and animals, including mechanism of Apo L-1 on eliminating the parasite. Surra cases in human and animal should be\nseriously concerned because Surra could be pontential zoonosis threating human health.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65572910,"asset_id":45024350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18346254,"first_name":"O'Tex","last_name":"Wardhana","domain_name":"lshtm","page_name":"OTexWardhana","display_name":"O'Tex Wardhana","profile_url":"https://lshtm.academia.edu/OTexWardhana?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18346254/5127677/5875749/s65_o_tex.wardhana.jpg_oh_64481553e91df6ddb3fa795a6f9e7dd0_oe_54afb09e___gda___1422141163_d5852e2adc67334f3fe3460cbb6bfaa9"}],"research_interests":[{"id":20506,"name":"Host-parasite Coevolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_Coevolution?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":53317,"name":"Intestinal Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intestinal_Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":414181,"name":"Helminth Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Helminth_Parasites?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29590581" data-work_id="29590581" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29590581/The_Diversity_and_Evolution_of_Manipulative_Strategies_in_Host_Parasite_Interactions">The Diversity and Evolution of Manipulative Strategies in Host-Parasite Interactions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Parasite-induced alteration of host behaviour is a widespread trans- mission strategy among pathogens. Understanding how it works is an exciting challenge from both a mechanistic and an evolutionary perspective. In this review, we use key... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29590581" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Parasite-induced alteration of host behaviour is a widespread trans- mission strategy among pathogens. Understanding how it works is an exciting challenge from both a mechanistic and an evolutionary perspective. In this review, we use key examples to examine the</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29590581" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1bfb49be6932c8857320afb77c0bc832" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50033235,"asset_id":29590581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50033235/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55955032" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Doroth%C3%A9eMiss%C3%A9">Dorothée Missé</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55955032" type="text/json">{"id":55955032,"first_name":"Dorothée","last_name":"Missé","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DorothéeMissé","display_name":"Dorothée Missé","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Doroth%C3%A9eMiss%C3%A9?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29590581 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29590581"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29590581, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29590581", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29590581 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29590581; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29590581"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29590581 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29590581"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29590581; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29590581]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29590581").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29590581").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29590581"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29590581]'), work: {"id":29590581,"title":"The Diversity and Evolution of Manipulative Strategies in Host-Parasite Interactions","created_at":"2016-11-01T08:18:08.959-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29590581/The_Diversity_and_Evolution_of_Manipulative_Strategies_in_Host_Parasite_Interactions?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_29590581","summary":"Parasite-induced alteration of host behaviour is a widespread trans- mission strategy among pathogens. Understanding how it works is an exciting challenge from both a mechanistic and an evolutionary perspective. In this review, we use key examples to examine the","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50033235,"asset_id":29590581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":55955032,"first_name":"Dorothée","last_name":"Missé","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DorothéeMissé","display_name":"Dorothée Missé","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Doroth%C3%A9eMiss%C3%A9?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38199857" data-work_id="38199857" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38199857/Ghosh_et_al_2019_Current_Clinical_Microbiology_Reports_pdf">Ghosh_et_al-2019-Current_Clinical_Microbiology_Reports.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose of Review Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amebiasis, which remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. E. histolytica causes tissue destruction which leads to clinical disease. This... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38199857" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose of Review<br />Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amebiasis, which remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. E. histolytica causes tissue destruction which leads to clinical disease. This review outlines some of the recent advances that have furthered our understanding of the processes that lead to the tissue damage caused by E. histolytica.<br /><br />Recent Findings<br />Recent studies have identified new mechanisms involved in E. histolytica–induced tissue damage. These include (i) new form of contact-dependent killing called trogocytosis; (ii) parasite-produced cytokine, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, that contributes to inflammation; (iii) exploitation of host immune response to promote invasion; and (iv) the contribution of the gut microbiome to clinical disease.<br /><br />Summary<br />Targeting these mechanisms that result in tissue injury should be a focus of future research for the development of improved preventive and therapeutic strategies for amebiasis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38199857" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3514923e51cdcf43df4522ba5365c141" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58237944,"asset_id":38199857,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58237944/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="95490422" href="https://virginia.academia.edu/ShannonMoonah">Shannon Moonah, MD, ScM</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="95490422" type="text/json">{"id":95490422,"first_name":"Shannon","last_name":"Moonah, MD, ScM","domain_name":"virginia","page_name":"ShannonMoonah","display_name":"Shannon Moonah, MD, ScM","profile_url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/ShannonMoonah?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/95490422/22009245/21256243/s65_moon.moon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38199857 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38199857"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38199857, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38199857", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38199857 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38199857; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38199857"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38199857 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38199857"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38199857; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38199857]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38199857").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38199857").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38199857"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="348435" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiome">Microbiome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="348435" type="text/json">{"id":348435,"name":"Microbiome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiome?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="571342" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entamoeba_histolytica">Entamoeba histolytica</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="571342" type="text/json">{"id":571342,"name":"Entamoeba histolytica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entamoeba_histolytica?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38199857]'), work: {"id":38199857,"title":"Ghosh_et_al-2019-Current_Clinical_Microbiology_Reports.pdf","created_at":"2019-01-22T12:01:30.567-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38199857/Ghosh_et_al_2019_Current_Clinical_Microbiology_Reports_pdf?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_38199857","summary":"Purpose of Review\nEntamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amebiasis, which remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. E. histolytica causes tissue destruction which leads to clinical disease. This review outlines some of the recent advances that have furthered our understanding of the processes that lead to the tissue damage caused by E. histolytica.\n\nRecent Findings\nRecent studies have identified new mechanisms involved in E. histolytica–induced tissue damage. These include (i) new form of contact-dependent killing called trogocytosis; (ii) parasite-produced cytokine, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, that contributes to inflammation; (iii) exploitation of host immune response to promote invasion; and (iv) the contribution of the gut microbiome to clinical disease.\n\nSummary\nTargeting these mechanisms that result in tissue injury should be a focus of future research for the development of improved preventive and therapeutic strategies for amebiasis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58237944,"asset_id":38199857,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":95490422,"first_name":"Shannon","last_name":"Moonah, MD, ScM","domain_name":"virginia","page_name":"ShannonMoonah","display_name":"Shannon Moonah, MD, ScM","profile_url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/ShannonMoonah?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/95490422/22009245/21256243/s65_moon.moon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":348435,"name":"Microbiome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiome?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":571342,"name":"Entamoeba histolytica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entamoeba_histolytica?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12880373 coauthored" data-work_id="12880373" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12880373/A_Research_Agenda_for_Helminth_Diseases_of_Humans_Intervention_for_Control_and_Elimination">A Research Agenda for Helminth Diseases of Humans: Intervention for Control and Elimination</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recognising the burden helminth infections impose on human populations, and particularly the poor, major intervention programmes have been launched to control onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12880373" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recognising the burden helminth infections impose on human populations, and particularly the poor, major intervention programmes have been launched to control onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, schistosomiasis, and cysticercosis. The Disease Reference Group on Helminth Infections (DRG4), established in 2009 by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), was given the mandate to review helminthiases research</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12880373" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d8d7b92327c33c7664a62308d4cb98cf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45869932,"asset_id":12880373,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45869932/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32017244" href="https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa">Banchob Sripa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32017244" type="text/json">{"id":32017244,"first_name":"Banchob","last_name":"Sripa","domain_name":"kku","page_name":"BanchobSripa","display_name":"Banchob Sripa","profile_url":"https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-12880373">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-12880373"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MargaritaAs">Margarita As</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-12880373'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-12880373').html(); 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The Disease Reference Group on Helminth Infections (DRG4), established in 2009 by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), was given the mandate to review helminthiases research","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45869932,"asset_id":12880373,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32017244,"first_name":"Banchob","last_name":"Sripa","domain_name":"kku","page_name":"BanchobSripa","display_name":"Banchob Sripa","profile_url":"https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33144211,"first_name":"Margarita","last_name":"As","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MargaritaAs","display_name":"Margarita 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u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17355985/Multinucleate_host_cells_induced_by_Vittaforma_corneae_Microsporidia_">Multinucleate host cells induced by Vittaforma corneae (Microsporidia)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The microsporidium Vittaforma corneae develops within the target cell cytoplasm. In the present study, green monkey kidney (E6) cells infected at 30°C, 35°C or 37°C with V. corneae developed enlarged multinucleate structures of up to 200... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17355985" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The microsporidium Vittaforma corneae develops within the target cell cytoplasm. In the present study, green monkey kidney (E6) cells infected at 30°C, 35°C or 37°C with V. corneae developed enlarged multinucleate structures of up to 200 µm in any horizontal dimension made up either of a single cell or of multiple fused cells. A number of epithelial cell types (SW-480, HT-29, Caco-2 and HCT-8) were infected with V. corneae but did not induce the same highly organized structures, suggesting that for the structure to develop, the host cell must be capable of continued mitosis, and not be differentiated or be detaching from the surface matrix. Live cell imaging of infected E6 cells revealed large, multinucleate infected cells characterized by a central focus from which radiated parasite stages and host cell mitochondria. Immunocytochemistry identifying γ and α tubulin suggested that a single centrally-located microtubule organizing centre governed the distribution of parasite stages and host cell organelles, with mitochondria and parasites being eventually transported towards the periphery of the structure. Whole cell patch clamp analysis of infected cells indicated an average five-fold increase in total membrane capacitance, consistent with an enlarged single cell. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cell-like protrusions around the periphery of the structure with the intervening space being made up of parasites and cell debris. Clearly in the case of V. corneae-infected E6 cells the parasite-host cell relationship involves subverting the host cell cytoskeleton and cell volume control, providing the parasite with the same protected niche as does a xenoma.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17355985" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e0014f09b3f57a720f9af69d0169f66" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39464280,"asset_id":17355985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39464280/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37081804" href="https://cdc.academia.edu/GovindaVisvesvara">Govinda Visvesvara</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37081804" type="text/json">{"id":37081804,"first_name":"Govinda","last_name":"Visvesvara","domain_name":"cdc","page_name":"GovindaVisvesvara","display_name":"Govinda Visvesvara","profile_url":"https://cdc.academia.edu/GovindaVisvesvara?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17355985 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17355985"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17355985, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17355985", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17355985]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17355985").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17355985").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17355985"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12071" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12071" type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patch-clamp_and_imaging_techniques">Patch-clamp and imaging techniques</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="37793" type="text/json">{"id":37793,"name":"Patch-clamp and imaging techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patch-clamp_and_imaging_techniques?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17355985]'), work: {"id":17355985,"title":"Multinucleate host cells induced by Vittaforma corneae (Microsporidia)","created_at":"2015-10-27T10:56:29.830-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17355985/Multinucleate_host_cells_induced_by_Vittaforma_corneae_Microsporidia_?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_17355985","summary":"The microsporidium Vittaforma corneae develops within the target cell cytoplasm. In the present study, green monkey kidney (E6) cells infected at 30°C, 35°C or 37°C with V. corneae developed enlarged multinucleate structures of up to 200 µm in any horizontal dimension made up either of a single cell or of multiple fused cells. A number of epithelial cell types (SW-480, HT-29, Caco-2 and HCT-8) were infected with V. corneae but did not induce the same highly organized structures, suggesting that for the structure to develop, the host cell must be capable of continued mitosis, and not be differentiated or be detaching from the surface matrix. Live cell imaging of infected E6 cells revealed large, multinucleate infected cells characterized by a central focus from which radiated parasite stages and host cell mitochondria. Immunocytochemistry identifying γ and α tubulin suggested that a single centrally-located microtubule organizing centre governed the distribution of parasite stages and host cell organelles, with mitochondria and parasites being eventually transported towards the periphery of the structure. Whole cell patch clamp analysis of infected cells indicated an average five-fold increase in total membrane capacitance, consistent with an enlarged single cell. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cell-like protrusions around the periphery of the structure with the intervening space being made up of parasites and cell debris. Clearly in the case of V. corneae-infected E6 cells the parasite-host cell relationship involves subverting the host cell cytoskeleton and cell volume control, providing the parasite with the same protected niche as does a xenoma.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39464280,"asset_id":17355985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37081804,"first_name":"Govinda","last_name":"Visvesvara","domain_name":"cdc","page_name":"GovindaVisvesvara","display_name":"Govinda Visvesvara","profile_url":"https://cdc.academia.edu/GovindaVisvesvara?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":37793,"name":"Patch-clamp and imaging techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patch-clamp_and_imaging_techniques?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":57570,"name":"Cercopithecus aethiops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cercopithecus_aethiops?f_ri=297937"},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=297937"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=297937"},{"id":231896,"name":"Live cell Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Live_cell_Imaging?f_ri=297937"},{"id":235046,"name":"Single Cell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Cell?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":379416,"name":"Epithelial cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epithelial_cells?f_ri=297937"},{"id":919350,"name":"Microsporidia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microsporidia?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1242620,"name":"Cell Volume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Volume?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1893986,"name":"Whole cell Patch-Clamp","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Whole_cell_Patch-Clamp?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2049416,"name":"Giant Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Giant_Cells?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12911522" data-work_id="12911522" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12911522/New_and_interesting_Laboulbeniales_Fungi_Ascomycota_from_the_Netherlands">New and interesting Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycota) from the Netherlands</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Thirteen species of Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycota) are reported for the first time from the Netherlands. These are Bordea denotata sp. nov.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12911522" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e751ac5d75eb909fe4687518f2f1b7a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45851643,"asset_id":12911522,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45851643/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32076350" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9DeKesel">André De Kesel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32076350" type="text/json">{"id":32076350,"first_name":"André De","last_name":"Kesel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndréDeKesel","display_name":"André De Kesel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9DeKesel?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12911522 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12911522"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12911522, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12911522", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12911522 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12911522; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12911522"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12911522 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12911522"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12911522; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12911522]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12911522").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12911522").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12911522"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxonomy">Taxonomy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7076" type="text/json">{"id":7076,"name":"Taxonomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxonomy?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="127300" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coleoptera">Coleoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="127300" type="text/json">{"id":127300,"name":"Coleoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coleoptera?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="151753" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Species">New Species</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="151753" type="text/json">{"id":151753,"name":"New Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Species?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12911522]'), work: {"id":12911522,"title":"New and interesting Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycota) from the Netherlands","created_at":"2015-06-10T15:12:35.470-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12911522/New_and_interesting_Laboulbeniales_Fungi_Ascomycota_from_the_Netherlands?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_12911522","summary":"Thirteen species of Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycota) are reported for the first time from the Netherlands. These are Bordea denotata sp. nov.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45851643,"asset_id":12911522,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32076350,"first_name":"André De","last_name":"Kesel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndréDeKesel","display_name":"André De Kesel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9DeKesel?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":7076,"name":"Taxonomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxonomy?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":127300,"name":"Coleoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coleoptera?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":151753,"name":"New Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Species?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":245825,"name":"Ectoparasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ectoparasites?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":596395,"name":"Ascomycetes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascomycetes?f_ri=297937"},{"id":861313,"name":"Laboulbeniales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboulbeniales?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13539660 coauthored" data-work_id="13539660" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13539660/A_Research_Agenda_for_Helminth_Diseases_of_Humans_Modelling_for_Control_and_Elimination">A Research Agenda for Helminth Diseases of Humans: Modelling for Control and Elimination</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Mathematical modelling of helminth infections has the potential to inform policy and guide research for the control and elimination of human helminthiases. However, this potential, unlike in other parasitic and infectious diseases, has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13539660" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mathematical modelling of helminth infections has the potential to inform policy and guide research for the control and elimination of human helminthiases. However, this potential, unlike in other parasitic and infectious diseases, has yet to be realised. To place contemporary efforts in a historical context, a summary of the development of mathematical models for helminthiases is presented. These efforts are</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13539660" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea7ff68816b95248855796b74b1b5321" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45231618,"asset_id":13539660,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45231618/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32733614" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelFrench4">Michael French</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32733614" type="text/json">{"id":32733614,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"French","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelFrench4","display_name":"Michael French","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelFrench4?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13539660">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13539660"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADagloriaBas%C3%A1%C3%B1ez">María-gloria Basáñez</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MargaritaAs">Margarita As</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13539660'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13539660').html(); 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u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12880371/A_Research_Agenda_for_Helminth_Diseases_of_Humans_Diagnostics_for_Control_and_Elimination_Programmes">A Research Agenda for Helminth Diseases of Humans: Diagnostics for Control and Elimination Programmes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Diagnostic tools appropriate for undertaking interventions to control helminth infections are key to their success. Many diagnostic tests for helminth infection have unsatisfactory performance characteristics and are not well suited for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12880371" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Diagnostic tools appropriate for undertaking interventions to control helminth infections are key to their success. Many diagnostic tests for helminth infection have unsatisfactory performance characteristics and are not well suited for use in the parasite control programmes that are being increasingly implemented. Although the application of modern laboratory research techniques to improve diagnostics for helminth infection has resulted in some</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12880371" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8cf011b4c5bf61eb98f2ee5bf61a8c78" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45869930,"asset_id":12880371,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45869930/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32017244" href="https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa">Banchob Sripa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32017244" type="text/json">{"id":32017244,"first_name":"Banchob","last_name":"Sripa","domain_name":"kku","page_name":"BanchobSripa","display_name":"Banchob Sripa","profile_url":"https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12880371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12880371"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12880371, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12880371", }); 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14093203 coauthored" data-work_id="14093203" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14093203/Survey_of_transcripts_expressed_by_the_invasive_juvenile_stage_of_the_liver_fluke_Fasciola_hepatica">Survey of transcripts expressed by the invasive juvenile stage of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: The common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is the agent of a zoonosis with significant economic consequences in livestock production worldwide, and increasing relevance to human health in developing countries. Although... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14093203" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: The common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is the agent of a zoonosis with significant economic consequences in livestock production worldwide, and increasing relevance to human health in developing countries. Although flukicidal drugs are available, re-infection and emerging resistance are demanding new efficient and inexpensive control strategies. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the host-parasite interaction provide relevant clues in this search, while enlightening the physiological adaptations to parasitism. Genomics and transcriptomics are still in their infancy in F. hepatica, with very scarce information available from the invasive newly excysted juveniles (NEJ). Here we provide an initial glimpse to the transcriptomics of the NEJ, the first stage to interact with the mammalian host.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14093203" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e3973f8f8a340bd107e5096c1586c49b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44610533,"asset_id":14093203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44610533/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33100539" href="https://ufrgs.academia.edu/EdileuzaDaSilva">Edileuza Da Silva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33100539" type="text/json">{"id":33100539,"first_name":"Edileuza Da","last_name":"Silva","domain_name":"ufrgs","page_name":"EdileuzaDaSilva","display_name":"Edileuza Da Silva","profile_url":"https://ufrgs.academia.edu/EdileuzaDaSilva?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14093203">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14093203"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://udelar.academia.edu/LedaRoche">Leda Roche</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14093203'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14093203').html(); 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Although flukicidal drugs are available, re-infection and emerging resistance are demanding new efficient and inexpensive control strategies. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the host-parasite interaction provide relevant clues in this search, while enlightening the physiological adaptations to parasitism. Genomics and transcriptomics are still in their infancy in F. hepatica, with very scarce information available from the invasive newly excysted juveniles (NEJ). Here we provide an initial glimpse to the transcriptomics of the NEJ, the first stage to interact with the mammalian host.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44610533,"asset_id":14093203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33100539,"first_name":"Edileuza Da","last_name":"Silva","domain_name":"ufrgs","page_name":"EdileuzaDaSilva","display_name":"Edileuza Da Silva","profile_url":"https://ufrgs.academia.edu/EdileuzaDaSilva?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33175406,"first_name":"Leda","last_name":"Roche","domain_name":"udelar","page_name":"LedaRoche","display_name":"Leda Roche","profile_url":"https://udelar.academia.edu/LedaRoche?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17856,"name":"Cell Signaling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":30387,"name":"Functional Genomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Genomics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":35637,"name":"Molecular Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Mechanics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":38139,"name":"Protein synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_synthesis?f_ri=297937"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937"},{"id":70854,"name":"Developing Country","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Country?f_ri=297937"},{"id":81369,"name":"Expressed Sequence Tags","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Expressed_Sequence_Tags?f_ri=297937"},{"id":124574,"name":"Fasciola hepatica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fasciola_hepatica?f_ri=297937"},{"id":127603,"name":"Livestock Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Livestock_Production?f_ri=297937"},{"id":129401,"name":"GC content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GC_content?f_ri=297937"},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":204823,"name":"Codon Usage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codon_Usage?f_ri=297937"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme?f_ri=297937"},{"id":268788,"name":"Human health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_health?f_ri=297937"},{"id":295257,"name":"Antioxidant enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antioxidant_enzyme?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":428925,"name":"Control Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Strategy?f_ri=297937"},{"id":585573,"name":"Amino Acid Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Profile?f_ri=297937"},{"id":999803,"name":"Gene Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Family?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1810445,"name":"Gene expression profiling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression_profiling?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2280042,"name":"Differential expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_expression?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7271282" data-work_id="7271282" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7271282/Science_and_science_policy_regulating_select_agents_in_the_age_of_synthetic_biology">Science and science policy: regulating 'select agents' in the age of synthetic biology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Select Agent Program was one of the US government’s legal responses to the mail anthrax attacks in 2001 and to the perceived risks associated with recent developments in synthetic biology. A “select agent” is a microorganism or a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7271282" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Select Agent Program was one of the US government’s legal responses to the mail anthrax attacks in 2001 and to the perceived risks associated with recent developments in synthetic biology. A “select agent” is a microorganism or a toxin whose handling, transportation, and storage are controlled by federal laws. Since its inception, this regulatory framework has fostered opposition from biomedical researchers, partly because of its time-consuming features. As I argue here, however, grounds for resistance have also turned on whether there is anything specific to so-called “pathogenic organisms” that warrants their being classified as select agents. For, while providing a more complex picture of the microbial world, current dynamical perspectives on host-parasite interactions operate as a platform from which to criticize taxonomic lists of select agents. One such perspective, the damage-response framework, developed by immunologist and biosecurity expert Arturo Casadevall, reconceptualises host-agent interactions by situating pathogenicity on a continuum, rather than locating it in a specific structure of either the host or the parasite. This paper illustrates how the damage-response framework provides arguments for rejecting the Select Agent Program, often charged for being blind to biological variation as well as to the context-sensitive nature of infectious diseases and further explores how the threats of naturally emerging diseases and bioterrorism are intertwined by scientists intending to rationalize a relaxation of regulations. Finally, a discussion of the different forms of regulation relevant in this context is introduced. More generally, this article calls attention to ways in which biomedical concepts circulate between science and science policy, and how they shape scientific practices along the way.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7271282" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="891d719e3f2ae292c258ed2f0040d16f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37815407,"asset_id":7271282,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37815407/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5024023" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/PierreOlivierM%C3%A9thot">Pierre-Olivier Méthot</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5024023" type="text/json">{"id":5024023,"first_name":"Pierre-Olivier","last_name":"Méthot","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"PierreOlivierMéthot","display_name":"Pierre-Olivier Méthot","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/PierreOlivierM%C3%A9thot?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5024023/2185617/19841133/s65_pierre-olivier.m_thot.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7271282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7271282"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7271282, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7271282", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7271282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7271282; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7271282"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7271282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7271282"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7271282; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7271282]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7271282").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7271282").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7271282"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3629" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthetic_Biology">Synthetic Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3629" type="text/json">{"id":3629,"name":"Synthetic Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthetic_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40574" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Infectious_Diseases">Emerging Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40574" type="text/json">{"id":40574,"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7271282]'), work: {"id":7271282,"title":"Science and science policy: regulating 'select agents' in the age of synthetic biology","created_at":"2014-06-05T19:38:21.451-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7271282/Science_and_science_policy_regulating_select_agents_in_the_age_of_synthetic_biology?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_7271282","summary":"The Select Agent Program was one of the US government’s legal responses to the mail anthrax attacks in 2001 and to the perceived risks associated with recent developments in synthetic biology. A “select agent” is a microorganism or a toxin whose handling, transportation, and storage are controlled by federal laws. Since its inception, this regulatory framework has fostered opposition from biomedical researchers, partly because of its time-consuming features. As I argue here, however, grounds for resistance have also turned on whether there is anything specific to so-called “pathogenic organisms” that warrants their being classified as select agents. For, while providing a more complex picture of the microbial world, current dynamical perspectives on host-parasite interactions operate as a platform from which to criticize taxonomic lists of select agents. One such perspective, the damage-response framework, developed by immunologist and biosecurity expert Arturo Casadevall, reconceptualises host-agent interactions by situating pathogenicity on a continuum, rather than locating it in a specific structure of either the host or the parasite. This paper illustrates how the damage-response framework provides arguments for rejecting the Select Agent Program, often charged for being blind to biological variation as well as to the context-sensitive nature of infectious diseases and further explores how the threats of naturally emerging diseases and bioterrorism are intertwined by scientists intending to rationalize a relaxation of regulations. Finally, a discussion of the different forms of regulation relevant in this context is introduced. More generally, this article calls attention to ways in which biomedical concepts circulate between science and science policy, and how they shape scientific practices along the way.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37815407,"asset_id":7271282,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":38843873,"asset_id":7271282,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5024023,"first_name":"Pierre-Olivier","last_name":"Méthot","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"PierreOlivierMéthot","display_name":"Pierre-Olivier Méthot","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/PierreOlivierM%C3%A9thot?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5024023/2185617/19841133/s65_pierre-olivier.m_thot.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3629,"name":"Synthetic Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthetic_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":40574,"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":563838,"name":"Biosecurity, Bioethics, Bioterrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosecurity_Bioethics_Bioterrorism?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1415883,"name":"Dual-use Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dual-use_Research?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17815285" data-work_id="17815285" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17815285/Host_parasite_interactions_and_pathophysiology_in_Giardia_infections">Host parasite interactions and pathophysiology in Giardia infections</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Giardia is a protozoan parasite of the small intestine, and a leading cause of diarrhoeal disease worldwide in a variety of animals, including humans. The host-parasite interaction and pathophysiological processes of giardiasis remain... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17815285" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Giardia is a protozoan parasite of the small intestine, and a leading cause of diarrhoeal disease worldwide in a variety of animals, including humans. The host-parasite interaction and pathophysiological processes of giardiasis remain incompletely understood. Current research suggests that Giardia-induced diarrhoeal disease is mediated by small intestinal malabsorption and maldigestion, chloride hypersecretion and increased rates of small intestinal transit. Small intestinal malabsorption and maldigestion results from the CD8+ lymphocyte-induced diffuse shortening of brush border microvilli. Activation of CD8+ lymphocytes occurs secondary to small intestinal barrier dysfunction, which results from heightened rates of enterocyte apoptosis and disruption of epithelial tight junctions. Both host and parasite factors contribute to the pathogenesis of giardiasis and ongoing research in this field may elucidate genotype/assemblage-specific pathogenic mechanisms. Giardia infections can result in chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome and symptoms may manifest at extra-intestinal sites, even though the parasite does not disseminate beyond the gastrointestinal tract. The infection can cause failure to thrive in children. Furthermore, there is now evidence suggesting that Giardia symptoms may vary between industrialised and developing areas of the world, for reasons that remain obscure. More research is needed to improve our understanding of this parasitic infection which was recently included in the World Health Organisation "Neglected Disease Initiative".</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17815285" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6bfa7318e549220c94a912497f22fbba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39725509,"asset_id":17815285,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39725509/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37238591" href="https://ucalgary.academia.edu/JamesCotton">James Cotton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37238591" type="text/json">{"id":37238591,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Cotton","domain_name":"ucalgary","page_name":"JamesCotton","display_name":"James Cotton","profile_url":"https://ucalgary.academia.edu/JamesCotton?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17815285 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17815285"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17815285, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17815285", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17815285 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17815285; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17815285"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17815285 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17815285"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17815285; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17815285]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17815285").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17815285").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17815285"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44259" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diarrhea">Diarrhea</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44259" type="text/json">{"id":44259,"name":"Diarrhea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diarrhea?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="218462" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Giardiasis">Giardiasis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="218462" type="text/json">{"id":218462,"name":"Giardiasis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Giardiasis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17815285]'), work: {"id":17815285,"title":"Host parasite interactions and pathophysiology in Giardia infections","created_at":"2015-11-05T12:19:24.302-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17815285/Host_parasite_interactions_and_pathophysiology_in_Giardia_infections?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_17815285","summary":"Giardia is a protozoan parasite of the small intestine, and a leading cause of diarrhoeal disease worldwide in a variety of animals, including humans. The host-parasite interaction and pathophysiological processes of giardiasis remain incompletely understood. Current research suggests that Giardia-induced diarrhoeal disease is mediated by small intestinal malabsorption and maldigestion, chloride hypersecretion and increased rates of small intestinal transit. Small intestinal malabsorption and maldigestion results from the CD8+ lymphocyte-induced diffuse shortening of brush border microvilli. Activation of CD8+ lymphocytes occurs secondary to small intestinal barrier dysfunction, which results from heightened rates of enterocyte apoptosis and disruption of epithelial tight junctions. Both host and parasite factors contribute to the pathogenesis of giardiasis and ongoing research in this field may elucidate genotype/assemblage-specific pathogenic mechanisms. Giardia infections can result in chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome and symptoms may manifest at extra-intestinal sites, even though the parasite does not disseminate beyond the gastrointestinal tract. The infection can cause failure to thrive in children. Furthermore, there is now evidence suggesting that Giardia symptoms may vary between industrialised and developing areas of the world, for reasons that remain obscure. More research is needed to improve our understanding of this parasitic infection which was recently included in the World Health Organisation \"Neglected Disease Initiative\".","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39725509,"asset_id":17815285,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37238591,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Cotton","domain_name":"ucalgary","page_name":"JamesCotton","display_name":"James Cotton","profile_url":"https://ucalgary.academia.edu/JamesCotton?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":44259,"name":"Diarrhea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diarrhea?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":218462,"name":"Giardiasis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Giardiasis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9813310 coauthored" data-work_id="9813310" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9813310/Host_Fishes_for_Four_Federally_Endangered_Freshwater_Mussels_Unionidae_in_the_Apalachicola_Chattahoochee_Flint_Basin">Host Fishes for Four Federally Endangered Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae) in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint Basin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We determined host use and glochidial metamorphosis success of four federally endangered mussel species from the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin. Fishes of 19-27 species in a total of 14 families were tested as potential... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9813310" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We determined host use and glochidial metamorphosis success of four federally endangered mussel species from the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin. Fishes of 19-27 species in a total of 14 families were tested as potential hosts for each mussel species. Metamorphosis of Pleurobema pyriforme was observed only on six minnow species (Cyprinidae): Cyprinella venusta, Nocomis leptocephalus, Notropis amplamala, N. lutipinnis, Pimephales promelas and Semotilus atromaculatus, and metamorphosis success was >27% for all six species. Metamorphosis of Medionidus penicillatus was observed only on four darter species (Percidae): Etheostoma inscriptum, E. swaini, Percina crypta, and P. nigrofasciata, but metamorphosis success varied among species and was highest on E. inscriptum (40%) and P. nigrofasciata (39%). Metamorphosis of Hamiota subangulata was observed only on three species of black basses (Centrarchidae): Micropterus cataractae, M. coosae, and M. salmoides, and metamorphosis success was >78% on all three species. Metamorphosis of Amblema neislerii was observed on 23 species in seven families, indicating that this species is a host generalist, but metamorphosis success varied widely among species. These data augment existing host information for these species and provide a clearer picture of host breadth and the relative suitability of host species.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9813310" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="033ba12588c29e7782c4540bd090ef20" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35983604,"asset_id":9813310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35983604/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29430" href="https://illinois.academia.edu/AndreaFritts">Andrea Fritts</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29430" type="text/json">{"id":29430,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Fritts","domain_name":"illinois","page_name":"AndreaFritts","display_name":"Andrea Fritts","profile_url":"https://illinois.academia.edu/AndreaFritts?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29430/9583/3074633/s65_andrea.fritts.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-9813310">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-9813310"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uga.academia.edu/RobertBringolf">Robert Bringolf</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-9813310'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-9813310').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9813310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9813310"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9813310, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9813310", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9813310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9813310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9813310"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9813310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9813310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9813310; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9813310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9813310").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9813310").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9813310"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species">Endangered Species</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23979" type="text/json">{"id":23979,"name":"Endangered Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="196505" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater_Mussels">Freshwater Mussels</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="196505" type="text/json">{"id":196505,"name":"Freshwater Mussels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater_Mussels?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9813310]'), work: {"id":9813310,"title":"Host Fishes for Four Federally Endangered Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae) in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint Basin","created_at":"2014-12-17T08:43:25.488-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9813310/Host_Fishes_for_Four_Federally_Endangered_Freshwater_Mussels_Unionidae_in_the_Apalachicola_Chattahoochee_Flint_Basin?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_9813310","summary":"We determined host use and glochidial metamorphosis success of four federally endangered mussel species from the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin. Fishes of 19-27 species in a total of 14 families were tested as potential hosts for each mussel species. Metamorphosis of Pleurobema pyriforme was observed only on six minnow species (Cyprinidae): Cyprinella venusta, Nocomis leptocephalus, Notropis amplamala, N. lutipinnis, Pimephales promelas and Semotilus atromaculatus, and metamorphosis success was \u003e27% for all six species. Metamorphosis of Medionidus penicillatus was observed only on four darter species (Percidae): Etheostoma inscriptum, E. swaini, Percina crypta, and P. nigrofasciata, but metamorphosis success varied among species and was highest on E. inscriptum (40%) and P. nigrofasciata (39%). Metamorphosis of Hamiota subangulata was observed only on three species of black basses (Centrarchidae): Micropterus cataractae, M. coosae, and M. salmoides, and metamorphosis success was \u003e78% on all three species. Metamorphosis of Amblema neislerii was observed on 23 species in seven families, indicating that this species is a host generalist, but metamorphosis success varied widely among species. These data augment existing host information for these species and provide a clearer picture of host breadth and the relative suitability of host species.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35983604,"asset_id":9813310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29430,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Fritts","domain_name":"illinois","page_name":"AndreaFritts","display_name":"Andrea Fritts","profile_url":"https://illinois.academia.edu/AndreaFritts?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29430/9583/3074633/s65_andrea.fritts.jpg"},{"id":114774,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Bringolf","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"RobertBringolf","display_name":"Robert Bringolf","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/RobertBringolf?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114774/1537783/1867540/s65_robert.bringolf.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23979,"name":"Endangered Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":196505,"name":"Freshwater Mussels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater_Mussels?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12615022" data-work_id="12615022" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12615022/Chagas_Cardiomyopathy_Where_Do_We_Stand_After_a_Hundred_Years">Chagas Cardiomyopathy—Where Do We Stand After a Hundred Years?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A hundred years from its description, Chagas cardiomyopathy remains a challenging disease. Although successful vector-control strategies have decreased the incidence of Chagas disease in several Latin American countries, both migration to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12615022" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A hundred years from its description, Chagas cardiomyopathy remains a challenging disease. Although successful vector-control strategies have decreased the incidence of Chagas disease in several Latin American countries, both migration to urban areas and immigration have spread the disease worldwide; and now, blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and vertical transmission are a concern. The pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy involves complex host-parasite interactions, where low-grade but incessant systemic infection and triggered autoimmune reaction are the main mechanisms for its development, with the contribution of autonomic damage and microvascular disturbances. Chagas cardiomyopathy is the most important clinical presentation of Chagas disease and comprises a wide range of manifestations, including heart failure, arrhythmias, heart blocks, sudden death, thromboembolism, and stroke. Recently, simple clinical prognostic scores have been developed to identify high-risk patients and help with management. The treatment of Chagas cardiomyopathy focuses mostly on managing heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolism. The role of specific antiparasitic therapy in the chronic form is not yet defined, and a randomized trial is now under way to address this crucial point. In this article, we review the main clinical aspects of Chagas cardiomyopathy and underscore some upcoming challenges for the appropriate control, diagnosis, and management of this complex disease. (Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2010;52:300-316)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12615022" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95225994c4ee09764fdf564216cae91f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46049511,"asset_id":12615022,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46049511/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31563645" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NadineClausell">Nadine Clausell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31563645" type="text/json">{"id":31563645,"first_name":"Nadine","last_name":"Clausell","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NadineClausell","display_name":"Nadine Clausell","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NadineClausell?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12615022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12615022"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12615022, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12615022", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12615022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12615022; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12615022"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12615022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12615022"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12615022; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12615022]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12615022").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12615022").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12615022"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">29</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="606" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiology">Cardiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="606" type="text/json">{"id":606,"name":"Cardiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9815" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Countries">Developing Countries</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9815" type="text/json">{"id":9815,"name":"Developing Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Countries?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49633" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_Failure">Heart Failure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49633" type="text/json">{"id":49633,"name":"Heart Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_Failure?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12615022]'), work: {"id":12615022,"title":"Chagas Cardiomyopathy—Where Do We Stand After a Hundred Years?","created_at":"2015-05-26T12:23:04.496-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12615022/Chagas_Cardiomyopathy_Where_Do_We_Stand_After_a_Hundred_Years?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_12615022","summary":"A hundred years from its description, Chagas cardiomyopathy remains a challenging disease. Although successful vector-control strategies have decreased the incidence of Chagas disease in several Latin American countries, both migration to urban areas and immigration have spread the disease worldwide; and now, blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and vertical transmission are a concern. The pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy involves complex host-parasite interactions, where low-grade but incessant systemic infection and triggered autoimmune reaction are the main mechanisms for its development, with the contribution of autonomic damage and microvascular disturbances. Chagas cardiomyopathy is the most important clinical presentation of Chagas disease and comprises a wide range of manifestations, including heart failure, arrhythmias, heart blocks, sudden death, thromboembolism, and stroke. Recently, simple clinical prognostic scores have been developed to identify high-risk patients and help with management. The treatment of Chagas cardiomyopathy focuses mostly on managing heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolism. The role of specific antiparasitic therapy in the chronic form is not yet defined, and a randomized trial is now under way to address this crucial point. In this article, we review the main clinical aspects of Chagas cardiomyopathy and underscore some upcoming challenges for the appropriate control, diagnosis, and management of this complex disease. (Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2010;52:300-316)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46049511,"asset_id":12615022,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31563645,"first_name":"Nadine","last_name":"Clausell","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NadineClausell","display_name":"Nadine Clausell","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NadineClausell?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":606,"name":"Cardiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9815,"name":"Developing Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Countries?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":49633,"name":"Heart Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_Failure?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":51791,"name":"PCR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PCR?f_ri=297937"},{"id":59748,"name":"Sudden Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sudden_Death?f_ri=297937"},{"id":63186,"name":"Genetics of complex disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics_of_complex_disease?f_ri=297937"},{"id":108409,"name":"Organ Transplantation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organ_Transplantation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":171192,"name":"Regional Security in Latin American Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regional_Security_in_Latin_American_Countries?f_ri=297937"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=297937"},{"id":203752,"name":"Randomized Trial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Randomized_Trial?f_ri=297937"},{"id":225340,"name":"Chagas disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chagas_disease?f_ri=297937"},{"id":245811,"name":"Vector control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vector_control?f_ri=297937"},{"id":284453,"name":"HRV","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HRV?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":376084,"name":"Trypanosoma Cruzi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypanosoma_Cruzi?f_ri=297937"},{"id":584615,"name":"Disease Progression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Progression?f_ri=297937"},{"id":619389,"name":"Chagas Cardiomyopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chagas_Cardiomyopathy?f_ri=297937"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=297937"},{"id":627890,"name":"Blood Transfusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Transfusion?f_ri=297937"},{"id":744836,"name":"Trypanocidal Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypanocidal_Agents?f_ri=297937"},{"id":746681,"name":"Arrhythmia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arrhythmia?f_ri=297937"},{"id":965375,"name":"Vertical Transmission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Transmission?f_ri=297937"},{"id":985062,"name":"Clinical Presentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Presentation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":987931,"name":"Heart Transplantation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_Transplantation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1297868,"name":"Preventive Health Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preventive_Health_Services?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1318932,"name":"Predictive value of tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predictive_value_of_tests?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1984794,"name":"Urban Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Area?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2463800,"name":"Severity of Illness Index","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Severity_of_Illness_Index?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24793979 coauthored" data-work_id="24793979" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24793979/Bibliography_database_of_living_fossil_sharks_rays_and_chimaeras_Chondrichtyes_Elasmobranchii_Holocephali_Papers_of_the_year_2014_www_shark_references_com_World_Wide_Web_electronic_publication_Version_01_2015_ISSN_2195_6499">Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichtyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) - Papers of the year 2014 -, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 01/2015; ISSN: 2195-6499</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper contains a collection of 1099 citations (685 articles and 414 conference abstracts) on topics related to extant and extinct Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, and chimaeras) as well as a list of Chondrichthyan species and hosted... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24793979" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper contains a collection of 1099 citations (685 articles and 414 conference abstracts) on topics related to extant and extinct Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, and chimaeras) as well as a list of Chondrichthyan species and hosted parasites newly described in 2014. The list is the result of regular queries in numerous journals, books and online publications. It provides a complete list of publication citations as well as a database report containing rearranged subsets of the list sorted by the keyword statistics, extant and extinct genera and species descriptions from the years 2000 to 2014, list of descriptions of extinxt and extant species from 2014, parasitology, reproduction, distribution, diet, conservation, and taxonomy. The paper is intended to be consulted for information.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24793979" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f8afe4ccf200164091620839b5806691" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45122351,"asset_id":24793979,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45122351/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47812484" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NicolasStraube">Nicolas Straube</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47812484" type="text/json">{"id":47812484,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Straube","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicolasStraube","display_name":"Nicolas Straube","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicolasStraube?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-24793979">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-24793979"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/j%C3%BCrgenpollersp%C3%B6ck">Jürgen Pollerspöck</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-24793979'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-24793979').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24793979 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24793979"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24793979, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24793979", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24793979 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24793979; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24793979"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24793979 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24793979"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24793979; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24793979]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24793979").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24793979").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24793979"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26417" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_Elasmobranchii">Fossil Elasmobranchii</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26417" type="text/json">{"id":26417,"name":"Fossil Elasmobranchii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_Elasmobranchii?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64644" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chondrichthyes">Chondrichthyes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64644" type="text/json">{"id":64644,"name":"Chondrichthyes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chondrichthyes?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71124" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sharks">Sharks</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71124" type="text/json">{"id":71124,"name":"Sharks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sharks?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24793979]'), work: {"id":24793979,"title":"Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichtyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) - Papers of the year 2014 -, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 01/2015; ISSN: 2195-6499","created_at":"2016-04-26T23:08:02.284-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24793979/Bibliography_database_of_living_fossil_sharks_rays_and_chimaeras_Chondrichtyes_Elasmobranchii_Holocephali_Papers_of_the_year_2014_www_shark_references_com_World_Wide_Web_electronic_publication_Version_01_2015_ISSN_2195_6499?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_24793979","summary":"This paper contains a collection of 1099 citations (685 articles and 414 conference abstracts) on topics related to extant and extinct Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, and chimaeras) as well as a list of Chondrichthyan species and hosted parasites newly described in 2014. The list is the result of regular queries in numerous journals, books and online publications. It provides a complete list of publication citations as well as a database report containing rearranged subsets of the list sorted by the keyword statistics, extant and extinct genera and species descriptions from the years 2000 to 2014, list of descriptions of extinxt and extant species from 2014, parasitology, reproduction, distribution, diet, conservation, and taxonomy. The paper is intended to be consulted for information.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45122351,"asset_id":24793979,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47812484,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Straube","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicolasStraube","display_name":"Nicolas Straube","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicolasStraube?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":345702,"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Pollerspöck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"jürgenpollerspöck","display_name":"Jürgen Pollerspöck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/j%C3%BCrgenpollersp%C3%B6ck?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/345702/2802182/3267935/s65_j_rgen.pollersp_ck.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":26417,"name":"Fossil Elasmobranchii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_Elasmobranchii?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":64644,"name":"Chondrichthyes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chondrichthyes?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":71124,"name":"Sharks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sharks?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":73049,"name":"Fossil sharks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_sharks?f_ri=297937"},{"id":73761,"name":"Fossil Chondrichthyes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_Chondrichthyes?f_ri=297937"},{"id":80086,"name":"Fish Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Parasites?f_ri=297937"},{"id":86649,"name":"Elasmobranchs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elasmobranchs?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":748578,"name":"Fossil shark teeth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_shark_teeth?f_ri=297937"},{"id":936196,"name":"Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rays?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1009606,"name":"Skates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Skates?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1215208,"name":"Chimaera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chimaera?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12880365 coauthored" data-work_id="12880365" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12880365/A_Research_Agenda_for_Helminth_Diseases_of_Humans_Towards_Control_and_Elimination">A Research Agenda for Helminth Diseases of Humans: Towards Control and Elimination</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recognising the burden helminth infections impose on human populations, and particularly the poor, major intervention programmes have been launched to control onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12880365" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recognising the burden helminth infections impose on human populations, and particularly the poor, major intervention programmes have been launched to control onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, schistosomiasis, and cysticercosis. The Disease Reference Group on Helminth Infections (DRG4), established in 2009 by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), was given the mandate to review helminthiases research and identify research priorities and gaps. A summary of current helminth control initiatives is presented and available tools are described. Most of these programmes are highly dependent on mass drug administration (MDA) of anthelmintic drugs (donated or available at low cost) and require annual or biannual treatment of large numbers of at-risk populations, over prolonged periods of time. The continuation of prolonged MDA with a limited number of anthelmintics greatly increases the probability that drug resistance will develop, which would raise serious problems for continuation of control and the achievement of elimination. Most initiatives have focussed on a single type of helminth infection, but recognition of co-endemicity and polyparasitism is leading to more integration of control. An understanding of the implications of control integration for implementation, treatment coverage, combination of pharmaceuticals, and monitoring is needed. To achieve the goals of morbidity reduction or elimination of infection, novel tools need to be developed, including more efficacious drugs, vaccines, and/or antivectorial agents, new diagnostics for infection and assessment of drug efficacy, and markers for possible anthelmintic resistance. In addition, there is a need for the development of new formulations of some existing anthelmintics (e.g., paediatric formulations). To achieve ultimate elimination of helminth parasites, treatments for the above mentioned helminthiases, and for taeniasis and food-borne trematodiases, will need to be integrated with monitoring, education, sanitation, access to health services, and where appropriate, vector control or reduction of the parasite reservoir in alternative hosts. Based on an analysis of current knowledge gaps and identification of priorities, a research and development agenda for intervention tools considered necessary for control and elimination of human helminthiases is presented, and the challenges to be confronted are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12880365" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f059c116b0adc943b138379674f2b80d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45869931,"asset_id":12880365,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45869931/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32017244" href="https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa">Banchob Sripa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32017244" type="text/json">{"id":32017244,"first_name":"Banchob","last_name":"Sripa","domain_name":"kku","page_name":"BanchobSripa","display_name":"Banchob Sripa","profile_url":"https://kku.academia.edu/BanchobSripa?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-12880365">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-12880365"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADagloriaBas%C3%A1%C3%B1ez">María-gloria Basáñez</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/GrantWarwick">Warwick Grant</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-12880365'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-12880365').html(); 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23073661/A_Virus_Essential_for_Insect_Host_Parasite_Interactions_Encodes_Cystatins">A Virus Essential for Insect Host-Parasite Interactions Encodes Cystatins</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cotesia congregata is a parasitoid wasp that injects its eggs in the host caterpillar Manduca sexta. In this host-parasite interaction, successful parasitism is ensured by a third partner: a bracovirus. The relationship between parasitic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23073661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cotesia congregata is a parasitoid wasp that injects its eggs in the host caterpillar Manduca sexta. In this host-parasite interaction, successful parasitism is ensured by a third partner: a bracovirus. The relationship between parasitic wasps and bracoviruses constitutes one of the few known mutualisms between viruses and eukaryotes. The C. congregata bracovirus (CcBV) is injected at the same time as the wasp eggs in the host hemolymph. Expression of viral genes alters the caterpillar's immune defense responses and developmental program, resulting in the creation of a favorable environment for the survival and emergence of adult parasitoid wasps. Here, we describe the characterization of a CcBV multigene family which is highly expressed during parasitism and which encodes three proteins with homology to members of the cystatin superfamily.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23073661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e78bea36d8c550d8934e0eec8ec1d089" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43576284,"asset_id":23073661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43576284/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32558451" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JmDrezen">J-m Drezen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32558451" type="text/json">{"id":32558451,"first_name":"J-m","last_name":"Drezen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JmDrezen","display_name":"J-m Drezen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JmDrezen?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32558451/18718465/18678055/s65_j-m.drezen.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23073661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23073661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23073661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23073661", }); 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In this host-parasite interaction, successful parasitism is ensured by a third partner: a bracovirus. The relationship between parasitic wasps and bracoviruses constitutes one of the few known mutualisms between viruses and eukaryotes. The C. congregata bracovirus (CcBV) is injected at the same time as the wasp eggs in the host hemolymph. Expression of viral genes alters the caterpillar's immune defense responses and developmental program, resulting in the creation of a favorable environment for the survival and emergence of adult parasitoid wasps. Here, we describe the characterization of a CcBV multigene family which is highly expressed during parasitism and which encodes three proteins with homology to members of the cystatin superfamily.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43576284,"asset_id":23073661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32558451,"first_name":"J-m","last_name":"Drezen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JmDrezen","display_name":"J-m Drezen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JmDrezen?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32558451/18718465/18678055/s65_j-m.drezen.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":67484,"name":"Sequence alignment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sequence_alignment?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":78398,"name":"Wasps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wasps?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":351779,"name":"Parasitoid Wasp","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitoid_Wasp?f_ri=297937"},{"id":461851,"name":"Diptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diptera?f_ri=297937"},{"id":755504,"name":"Manduca","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manduca?f_ri=297937"},{"id":809881,"name":"Amino Acid Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Sequence?f_ri=297937"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22018059" data-work_id="22018059" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22018059/Molecular_genetic_approaches_to_the_study_of_primate_behavior_social_organization_and_reproduction">Molecular genetic approaches to the study of primate behavior, social organization, and reproduction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the past several decades, the development of novel molecular techniques and the advent of noninvasive DNA sampling, coupled with the ease and speed with which molecular analyses can now be performed, have made it possible for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22018059" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the past several decades, the development of novel molecular techniques and the advent of noninvasive DNA sampling, coupled with the ease and speed with which molecular analyses can now be performed, have made it possible for primatologists to directly examine the fitness effects of individual behavior and to explore how variation in behavior and social systems influences primate population genetic structure. This review describes the theoretical connections between individual behavior and primate social systems on the one hand and population genetic structure on the other, discusses the kinds of molecular markers typically employed in genetic studies of primates, and summarizes what primatologists have learned from molecular studies over the past few decades about dispersal patterns, mating systems, reproductive strategies, and the influence of kinship on social behavior. Several important conclusions can be drawn from this overview. First, genetic data confirm that, in many spe...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22018059" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6037f2300866dbfad8762df150342705" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42713304,"asset_id":22018059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42713304/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3820641" href="https://utexas.academia.edu/anthonydifiore">Anthony Di Fiore</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3820641" type="text/json">{"id":3820641,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"Di Fiore","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"anthonydifiore","display_name":"Anthony Di Fiore","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/anthonydifiore?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3820641/1392889/1713431/s65_anthony.fiore.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22018059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22018059"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22018059, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22018059", }); 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Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Models?f_ri=297937"},{"id":352204,"name":"Social Relation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Relation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":372231,"name":"Social System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_System?f_ri=297937"},{"id":372410,"name":"Genotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genotype?f_ri=297937"},{"id":396767,"name":"Reproductive Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproductive_Strategy?f_ri=297937"},{"id":413192,"name":"Sex Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Factors?f_ri=297937"},{"id":424179,"name":"Molecular Marker","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Marker?f_ri=297937"},{"id":486806,"name":"Population Genetic Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetic_Structure?f_ri=297937"},{"id":577933,"name":"Genetic variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_variation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":625360,"name":"Social Organization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Organization-1?f_ri=297937"},{"id":628583,"name":"Social Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Behavior-1?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1303942,"name":"Female Choice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female_Choice?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2274872,"name":"DNA sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_sequence?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21911162" data-work_id="21911162" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21911162/Swarming_in_honey_bees_Apis_mellifera_and_Varroa_destructor_population_development_in_Sweden">Swarming in honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) and Varroa destructor population development in Sweden</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In a honey bee population of 150 colonies, the development of an introduced Varroa destructor mite population was monitored in swarming and non-swarming colonies for two years in a Nordic climate. The results demonstrated a reduced mite... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21911162" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In a honey bee population of 150 colonies, the development of an introduced Varroa destructor mite population was monitored in swarming and non-swarming colonies for two years in a Nordic climate. The results demonstrated a reduced mite population as a result of swarming only for the first swarm season studied. In the second swarm season, there were much higher mite levels (based on debris counts of mites) and fewer colonies swarmed, but there was no significant difference in infestation levels of adult bees in the fall between swarming and non-swarming colonies. This result was interpreted as an effect of host-parasite interactions, where the detrimental influence from the infestation prohibited growth (and swarming) in some colonies, but allowed better mite reproduction opportunities (and swarming) in others. Surprisingly, the mite infestation levels of swarms in the late fall were not significantly different from those of swarming colonies the same year, indicating that swarm survival may be almost as much affected by V. destructor, as intact, swarming colonies. No horizontal mite transfer through robbing was observed. The results suggest that, horizontal mite transfer may not be as important in a Nordic climate where many bee colonies die over winter along with their mites, as it is in warmer climates.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21911162" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="700457c935d35e2e3694e53d5deb1ce1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42644113,"asset_id":21911162,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42644113/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43152401" href="https://slu-se.academia.edu/IngemarFries">Ingemar Fries</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43152401" type="text/json">{"id":43152401,"first_name":"Ingemar","last_name":"Fries","domain_name":"slu-se","page_name":"IngemarFries","display_name":"Ingemar Fries","profile_url":"https://slu-se.academia.edu/IngemarFries?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21911162 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21911162"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21911162, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21911162", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21911162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21911162").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21911162").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21911162"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11417" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics">Population Dynamics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11417" type="text/json">{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13701" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate">Climate</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13701" type="text/json">{"id":13701,"name":"Climate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21911162]'), work: {"id":21911162,"title":"Swarming in honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) and Varroa destructor population development in Sweden","created_at":"2016-02-13T05:00:56.187-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21911162/Swarming_in_honey_bees_Apis_mellifera_and_Varroa_destructor_population_development_in_Sweden?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_21911162","summary":"In a honey bee population of 150 colonies, the development of an introduced Varroa destructor mite population was monitored in swarming and non-swarming colonies for two years in a Nordic climate. The results demonstrated a reduced mite population as a result of swarming only for the first swarm season studied. In the second swarm season, there were much higher mite levels (based on debris counts of mites) and fewer colonies swarmed, but there was no significant difference in infestation levels of adult bees in the fall between swarming and non-swarming colonies. This result was interpreted as an effect of host-parasite interactions, where the detrimental influence from the infestation prohibited growth (and swarming) in some colonies, but allowed better mite reproduction opportunities (and swarming) in others. Surprisingly, the mite infestation levels of swarms in the late fall were not significantly different from those of swarming colonies the same year, indicating that swarm survival may be almost as much affected by V. destructor, as intact, swarming colonies. No horizontal mite transfer through robbing was observed. The results suggest that, horizontal mite transfer may not be as important in a Nordic climate where many bee colonies die over winter along with their mites, as it is in warmer climates.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42644113,"asset_id":21911162,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43152401,"first_name":"Ingemar","last_name":"Fries","domain_name":"slu-se","page_name":"IngemarFries","display_name":"Ingemar Fries","profile_url":"https://slu-se.academia.edu/IngemarFries?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":13701,"name":"Climate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":64753,"name":"Apis mellifera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apis_mellifera?f_ri=297937"},{"id":94271,"name":"Parasite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite?f_ri=297937"},{"id":126064,"name":"Honey bee","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honey_bee?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":319402,"name":"Swarming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swarming?f_ri=297937"},{"id":583772,"name":"Apidologie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apidologie?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1237825,"name":"Population dynamic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_dynamic?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8287402" data-work_id="8287402" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8287402/RESEARCH_INVESTIGACI%C3%93N_FIRST_REPORT_OF_DITYLENCHUS_GALLAEFORMANS_TYLENCHIDA_ANGUINIDAE_INDUCING_GALLS_ON_CLIDEMIA_FENDLERI_MELASTOMATACEAE_FROM_VENEZUELA">RESEARCH/INVESTIGACIÓN FIRST REPORT OF DITYLENCHUS GALLAEFORMANS (TYLENCHIDA: ANGUINIDAE) INDUCING GALLS ON CLIDEMIA FENDLERI (MELASTOMATACEAE) FROM VENEZUELA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Morales-Montero, P., S. Flores, S. A. Subbotin and E. San-Blas. 2013. First report of Ditylenchus gallaeformans (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) inducing galls on Clidemia fendleri (Melastomataceae) from Venezuela. Nematropica 43:241-246.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8287402" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ded47b0cebd4dc3bc4a0378a83301614" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34699887,"asset_id":8287402,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34699887/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4777651" href="https://ivic.academia.edu/ErnestoSanBlas">Ernesto San-Blas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4777651" type="text/json">{"id":4777651,"first_name":"Ernesto","last_name":"San-Blas","domain_name":"ivic","page_name":"ErnestoSanBlas","display_name":"Ernesto San-Blas","profile_url":"https://ivic.academia.edu/ErnestoSanBlas?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8287402 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8287402"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8287402, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8287402", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8287402]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8287402").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8287402").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8287402"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany">Botany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="148" type="text/json">{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="168658" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainforest">Rainforest</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="168658" type="text/json">{"id":168658,"name":"Rainforest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainforest?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8287402]'), work: {"id":8287402,"title":"RESEARCH/INVESTIGACIÓN FIRST REPORT OF DITYLENCHUS GALLAEFORMANS (TYLENCHIDA: ANGUINIDAE) INDUCING GALLS ON CLIDEMIA FENDLERI (MELASTOMATACEAE) FROM VENEZUELA","created_at":"2014-09-11T05:03:53.489-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8287402/RESEARCH_INVESTIGACI%C3%93N_FIRST_REPORT_OF_DITYLENCHUS_GALLAEFORMANS_TYLENCHIDA_ANGUINIDAE_INDUCING_GALLS_ON_CLIDEMIA_FENDLERI_MELASTOMATACEAE_FROM_VENEZUELA?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_8287402","summary":"Morales-Montero, P., S. Flores, S. A. Subbotin and E. San-Blas. 2013. First report of Ditylenchus gallaeformans (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) inducing galls on Clidemia fendleri (Melastomataceae) from Venezuela. Nematropica 43:241-246.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34699887,"asset_id":8287402,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4777651,"first_name":"Ernesto","last_name":"San-Blas","domain_name":"ivic","page_name":"ErnestoSanBlas","display_name":"Ernesto San-Blas","profile_url":"https://ivic.academia.edu/ErnestoSanBlas?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":168658,"name":"Rainforest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainforest?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":344676,"name":"Nematode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nematode?f_ri=297937"},{"id":854379,"name":"RFLP","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RFLP?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30467983" data-work_id="30467983" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30467983/Comparison_of_the_energetic_stress_associated_with_experimental_Nosema_ceranae_and_Nosema_apis_infection_of_honeybees_Apis_mellifera_">Comparison of the energetic stress associated with experimental Nosema ceranae and Nosema apis infection of honeybees (Apis mellifera)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nosema ceranae is a relatively new and widespread parasite of the western honeybee Apis mellifera that provokes a new form of nosemosis. In comparison to Nosema apis, which has been infecting the honeybee for much longer, N. ceranae seems... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30467983" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nosema ceranae is a relatively new and widespread parasite of the western honeybee Apis mellifera that provokes a new form of nosemosis. In comparison to Nosema apis, which has been infecting the honeybee for much longer, N. ceranae seems to have co-evolved less with this host, causing a more virulent disease. Given that N. apis and N. ceranae are obligate intracellular microsporidian parasites, needing host energy to reproduce, energetic stress may be an important factor contributing to the increased virulence observed. Through feeding experiments on caged bees, we show that both mortality and sugar syrup consumption were higher in N. ceranaeinfected bees than in N. apis-infected and control bees. The mortality and sugar syrup consumption are also higher in N. apis-infected bees than in controls, but are less than in N. ceranae-infected bees. With both microsporidia, mortality and sugar syrup consumption increased in function of the increasing spore counts administered for infection. The differences in energetic requirements between both Nosema spp. confirm that their metabolic patterns are not the same, which may depend critically on host-parasite interactions and, ultimately, on host pathology. The repercussions of this increased energetic stress may even explain the changes in host behavior due to starvation, lack of thermoregulatory capacity, or higher rates of trophallaxis, which might enhance transmission and bee death.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30467983" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e4bfe20d32221ca73aa264e140d8687f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50907750,"asset_id":30467983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50907750/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36902037" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarianoHiges">Mariano Higes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36902037" type="text/json">{"id":36902037,"first_name":"Mariano","last_name":"Higes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarianoHiges","display_name":"Mariano Higes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarianoHiges?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30467983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30467983"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30467983, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30467983", }); 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In comparison to Nosema apis, which has been infecting the honeybee for much longer, N. ceranae seems to have co-evolved less with this host, causing a more virulent disease. Given that N. apis and N. ceranae are obligate intracellular microsporidian parasites, needing host energy to reproduce, energetic stress may be an important factor contributing to the increased virulence observed. Through feeding experiments on caged bees, we show that both mortality and sugar syrup consumption were higher in N. ceranaeinfected bees than in N. apis-infected and control bees. The mortality and sugar syrup consumption are also higher in N. apis-infected bees than in controls, but are less than in N. ceranae-infected bees. With both microsporidia, mortality and sugar syrup consumption increased in function of the increasing spore counts administered for infection. The differences in energetic requirements between both Nosema spp. confirm that their metabolic patterns are not the same, which may depend critically on host-parasite interactions and, ultimately, on host pathology. The repercussions of this increased energetic stress may even explain the changes in host behavior due to starvation, lack of thermoregulatory capacity, or higher rates of trophallaxis, which might enhance transmission and bee death.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50907750,"asset_id":30467983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36902037,"first_name":"Mariano","last_name":"Higes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarianoHiges","display_name":"Mariano Higes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarianoHiges?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":10610,"name":"Survival Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Analysis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":36213,"name":"Energy Metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Metabolism?f_ri=297937"},{"id":59690,"name":"Bees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bees?f_ri=297937"},{"id":64753,"name":"Apis mellifera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apis_mellifera?f_ri=297937"},{"id":202574,"name":"Feeding Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding_Behavior?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":327811,"name":"Nosema","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nosema?f_ri=297937"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1148426,"name":"Honeybee","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honeybee?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13505064" data-work_id="13505064" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13505064/Proteomics_of_trypanosomatids_of_human_medical_importance">Proteomics of trypanosomatids of human medical importance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">16 17 Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei are protozoan parasites that 18 cause a spectrum of fatal human diseases around the world. Recent completion of the 19 genomic sequencing of these parasites has enormous... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13505064" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">16 17 Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei are protozoan parasites that 18 cause a spectrum of fatal human diseases around the world. Recent completion of the 19 genomic sequencing of these parasites has enormous relevance to the study of their biology 20 and the pathogenesis of the diseases they cause because it opens the door to high-21 throughput proteomic technologies. This review encompasses studies using diverse 22 proteomic approaches with these organisms to describe and catalogue global protein 23 profiles, reveal changes in protein expression during development, elucidate the subcellular 24 localisation of gene products, and evaluate host-parasite interactions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13505064" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="262e0c41e01977fbec84194ca91358cc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45260619,"asset_id":13505064,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45260619/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32706528" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PCuervo">Patricia Cuervo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32706528" type="text/json">{"id":32706528,"first_name":"Patricia","last_name":"Cuervo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PCuervo","display_name":"Patricia Cuervo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PCuervo?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13505064 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13505064"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13505064, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13505064", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13505064]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13505064").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13505064").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13505064"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9786" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteomics">Proteomics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9786" type="text/json">{"id":9786,"name":"Proteomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteomics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="142138" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions">Host-parasite interactions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="142138" type="text/json">{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="321836" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum">Spectrum</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="321836" type="text/json">{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13505064]'), work: {"id":13505064,"title":"Proteomics of trypanosomatids of human medical importance","created_at":"2015-07-01T09:36:53.068-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13505064/Proteomics_of_trypanosomatids_of_human_medical_importance?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_13505064","summary":"16 17 Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei are protozoan parasites that 18 cause a spectrum of fatal human diseases around the world. Recent completion of the 19 genomic sequencing of these parasites has enormous relevance to the study of their biology 20 and the pathogenesis of the diseases they cause because it opens the door to high-21 throughput proteomic technologies. This review encompasses studies using diverse 22 proteomic approaches with these organisms to describe and catalogue global protein 23 profiles, reveal changes in protein expression during development, elucidate the subcellular 24 localisation of gene products, and evaluate host-parasite interactions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45260619,"asset_id":13505064,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32706528,"first_name":"Patricia","last_name":"Cuervo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PCuervo","display_name":"Patricia Cuervo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PCuervo?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9786,"name":"Proteomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteomics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":375896,"name":"Trypanosoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypanosoma?f_ri=297937"},{"id":376084,"name":"Trypanosoma Cruzi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypanosoma_Cruzi?f_ri=297937"},{"id":389130,"name":"Trypanosoma brucei","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypanosoma_brucei?f_ri=297937"},{"id":459378,"name":"Very high throughput","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Very_high_throughput?f_ri=297937"},{"id":501806,"name":"Protein Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Expression?f_ri=297937"},{"id":565892,"name":"Trypanosomiasis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trypanosomiasis?f_ri=297937"},{"id":732028,"name":"Genome sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genome_sequence?f_ri=297937"},{"id":744838,"name":"Protozoan Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protozoan_Proteins?f_ri=297937"},{"id":833228,"name":"Human Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Disease?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15285549 coauthored" data-work_id="15285549" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15285549/Diversity_of_defence_mechanisms_in_plant_oomycete_interactions_a_case_study_of_Lactuca_spp_and_Bremia_lactucae">Diversity of defence mechanisms in plant–oomycete interactions: a case study of Lactuca spp. and Bremia lactucae</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Plant pathogenic oomycetes, including biotrophic downy mildews and hemibiotrophs/necrotrophs such as Phytophthora and Pythium, cause enormous economic losses on cultivated crops. Lettuce breeders and growers face the threat of Bremia... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15285549" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Plant pathogenic oomycetes, including biotrophic downy mildews and hemibiotrophs/necrotrophs such as Phytophthora and Pythium, cause enormous economic losses on cultivated crops. Lettuce breeders and growers face the threat of Bremia lactucae, the causal agent of lettuce downy mildew. This pathogen damages leaf tissues and lettuce heads and is also frequent on wild Asteraceae plants. The interactions of Lactuca spp. with B. lactucae (abbr. lettuce–Bremia) display extreme variability, due to a long co-evolutionary history. For this reason, during the last 30years, the lettuce–Bremia pathosystem has been used as a model for many studies at the population, individual, organ, tissue, cellular, physiological and molecular levels, as well as on genetic variability and the genetics of host–parasite interactions. The first part of this review summarizes recent data on host–parasite specificity, host variability, resistance mechanisms and genetics of lettuce–Bremia interactions. The second p...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15285549" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="37e474c569f24926f617ee089293af80" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43370735,"asset_id":15285549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43370735/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34374525" href="https://upol.academia.edu/MarekPet%C5%99ivalsk%C3%BD">Marek Petřivalský</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34374525" type="text/json">{"id":34374525,"first_name":"Marek","last_name":"Petřivalský","domain_name":"upol","page_name":"MarekPetřivalský","display_name":"Marek Petřivalský","profile_url":"https://upol.academia.edu/MarekPet%C5%99ivalsk%C3%BD?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-15285549">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-15285549"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelaSedl%C3%A1%C5%99ov%C3%A1">Michaela Sedlářová</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-15285549'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-15285549').html(); 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Lettuce breeders and growers face the threat of Bremia lactucae, the causal agent of lettuce downy mildew. This pathogen damages leaf tissues and lettuce heads and is also frequent on wild Asteraceae plants. The interactions of Lactuca spp. with B. lactucae (abbr. lettuce–Bremia) display extreme variability, due to a long co-evolutionary history. For this reason, during the last 30years, the lettuce–Bremia pathosystem has been used as a model for many studies at the population, individual, organ, tissue, cellular, physiological and molecular levels, as well as on genetic variability and the genetics of host–parasite interactions. The first part of this review summarizes recent data on host–parasite specificity, host variability, resistance mechanisms and genetics of lettuce–Bremia interactions. The second p...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43370735,"asset_id":15285549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34374525,"first_name":"Marek","last_name":"Petřivalský","domain_name":"upol","page_name":"MarekPetřivalský","display_name":"Marek Petřivalský","profile_url":"https://upol.academia.edu/MarekPet%C5%99ivalsk%C3%BD?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":51678590,"first_name":"Michaela","last_name":"Sedlářová","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelaSedlářová","display_name":"Michaela Sedlářová","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelaSedl%C3%A1%C5%99ov%C3%A1?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant 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type="text/json">{"id":4304,"name":"Coevolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coevolution?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18437264]'), work: {"id":18437264,"title":"HOST PARASITE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FRESHWATER PHYTOPLANKTON AND CHYTRID FUNGI ( CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA 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Donk","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EllenDonk?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":166,"name":"Phycology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phycology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":4304,"name":"Coevolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coevolution?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":82682,"name":"Food web","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_web?f_ri=297937"},{"id":154926,"name":"Nutrient Limitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrient_Limitation?f_ri=297937"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":589755,"name":"Host Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Specificity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1578259,"name":"Fitness cost","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fitness_cost?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4086865" data-work_id="4086865" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4086865/The_simple_septate_basidiomycetes_a_synopsis">The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The simple-septate basidiomycetes comprise more than 8,000 species that show a high morphological and ecological heterogeneity. To gain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this group, we compared several ultrastructural... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4086865" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The simple-septate basidiomycetes comprise more than 8,000 species that show a high morphological and ecological heterogeneity. To gain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this group, we compared several ultrastructural features such as septal pore apparatus, form, and behavior of the spindle pole bodies, types of host–parasite interaction, presence or absence of colacosomes, symplechosomes, atractosomes, and cystosomes as well as nuclear rDNA sequences coding for small- and large-subunit rRNA. Based on our integrated analysis, we propose a new classification system for the simple-septate basidiomycetes with the subphylum Pucciniomycotina and the classes Agaricostilbomycetes, Atractiellomycetes, Classiculomycetes, Cryptomycocolacomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Mixiomycetes, and Pucciniomycetes. We also propose the pucciniomycotinous taxa Cystobasidiales, Erythrobasidiales, Helicobasidiales, Mixiales, Naohideales, Pachnocybales, Spiculogloeales, and Kondoaceae and the new subphyla Agaricomycotina (equivalent to the current Hymenomycetes) and Ustilaginomycotina (equivalent to the current Ustilaginomycetes).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4086865" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="beb57b2aded0984c2492f57d40a4ca18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50042260,"asset_id":4086865,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50042260/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4927798" href="https://ufpel.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9Sampaio">José Sampaio</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4927798" type="text/json">{"id":4927798,"first_name":"José","last_name":"Sampaio","domain_name":"ufpel","page_name":"JoséSampaio","display_name":"José Sampaio","profile_url":"https://ufpel.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9Sampaio?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4927798/2126379/11560484/s65_jos_.sampaio.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4086865 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4086865"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4086865, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4086865", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4086865]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4086865").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4086865").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4086865"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4086865]'), work: {"id":4086865,"title":"The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis","created_at":"2013-07-22T23:09:02.354-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4086865/The_simple_septate_basidiomycetes_a_synopsis?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_4086865","summary":"The simple-septate basidiomycetes comprise more than 8,000 species that show a high morphological and ecological heterogeneity. To gain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this group, we compared several ultrastructural features such as septal pore apparatus, form, and behavior of the spindle pole bodies, types of host–parasite interaction, presence or absence of colacosomes, symplechosomes, atractosomes, and cystosomes as well as nuclear rDNA sequences coding for small- and large-subunit rRNA. Based on our integrated analysis, we propose a new classification system for the simple-septate basidiomycetes with the subphylum Pucciniomycotina and the classes Agaricostilbomycetes, Atractiellomycetes, Classiculomycetes, Cryptomycocolacomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Mixiomycetes, and Pucciniomycetes. We also propose the pucciniomycotinous taxa Cystobasidiales, Erythrobasidiales, Helicobasidiales, Mixiales, Naohideales, Pachnocybales, Spiculogloeales, and Kondoaceae and the new subphyla Agaricomycotina (equivalent to the current Hymenomycetes) and Ustilaginomycotina (equivalent to the current Ustilaginomycetes).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50042260,"asset_id":4086865,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4927798,"first_name":"José","last_name":"Sampaio","domain_name":"ufpel","page_name":"JoséSampaio","display_name":"José Sampaio","profile_url":"https://ufpel.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9Sampaio?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4927798/2126379/11560484/s65_jos_.sampaio.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28620307" data-work_id="28620307" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28620307/In_vitro_modeling_of_host_parasite_interactions_the_subgingival_biofilm_challenge_of_primary_human_epithelial_cells">In vitro modeling of host-parasite interactions: the 'subgingival' biofilm challenge of primary human epithelial cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Microbial biofilms are known to cause an increasing number of chronic inflammatory and infectious conditions. A classical example is chronic periodontal disease, a condition initiated by the subgingival dental plaque biofilm... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28620307" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Microbial biofilms are known to cause an increasing number of chronic inflammatory and infectious conditions. A classical example is chronic periodontal disease, a condition initiated by the subgingival dental plaque biofilm on gingival epithelial tissues. We describe here a new model that permits the examination of interactions between the bacterial biofilm and host cells in general. We use primary human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) and an in vitro grown biofilm, comprising nine frequently studied and representative subgingival plaque bacteria.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28620307" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ca71d8d13c8a140f25eb6080c2c36275" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48985728,"asset_id":28620307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48985728/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53698965" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DenisKinane">Denis Kinane</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53698965" type="text/json">{"id":53698965,"first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Kinane","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DenisKinane","display_name":"Denis Kinane","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DenisKinane?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28620307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28620307"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28620307, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28620307", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28620307]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28620307").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28620307").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28620307"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2187" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms">Biofilms</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2187" type="text/json">{"id":2187,"name":"Biofilms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9111" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines">Cytokines</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9111" type="text/json">{"id":9111,"name":"Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28620307]'), work: {"id":28620307,"title":"In vitro modeling of host-parasite interactions: the 'subgingival' biofilm challenge of primary human epithelial cells","created_at":"2016-09-20T05:20:25.430-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28620307/In_vitro_modeling_of_host_parasite_interactions_the_subgingival_biofilm_challenge_of_primary_human_epithelial_cells?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_28620307","summary":"Background: Microbial biofilms are known to cause an increasing number of chronic inflammatory and infectious conditions. A classical example is chronic periodontal disease, a condition initiated by the subgingival dental plaque biofilm on gingival epithelial tissues. We describe here a new model that permits the examination of interactions between the bacterial biofilm and host cells in general. We use primary human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) and an in vitro grown biofilm, comprising nine frequently studied and representative subgingival plaque bacteria.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48985728,"asset_id":28620307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53698965,"first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Kinane","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DenisKinane","display_name":"Denis Kinane","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DenisKinane?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2187,"name":"Biofilms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofilms?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9111,"name":"Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria?f_ri=297937"},{"id":225472,"name":"Inflammatory disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflammatory_disease?f_ri=297937"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":375098,"name":"Gingiva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gingiva?f_ri=297937"},{"id":379416,"name":"Epithelial cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epithelial_cells?f_ri=297937"},{"id":477952,"name":"Dental Plaque","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Plaque?f_ri=297937"},{"id":743643,"name":"Host Pathogen Interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Pathogen_Interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":855633,"name":"Chronic Periodontitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Periodontitis?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1109980,"name":"Bacterial Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacterial_Adhesion?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10656333" data-work_id="10656333" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10656333/Crowding_and_disease_effects_of_host_density_on_response_to_infection_in_a_butterfl_y_parasite_interaction">Crowding and disease: effects of host density on response to infection in a butterfl y - parasite interaction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10656333" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c00038a5a7a56a820c7f6c03844df995" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36577703,"asset_id":10656333,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36577703/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological">Ecological</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="162620" type="text/json">{"id":162620,"name":"Ecological","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10656333]'), work: {"id":10656333,"title":"Crowding and disease: effects of host density on response to infection in a butterfl y - parasite interaction","created_at":"2015-02-09T16:06:28.639-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10656333/Crowding_and_disease_effects_of_host_density_on_response_to_infection_in_a_butterfl_y_parasite_interaction?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_10656333","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36577703,"asset_id":10656333,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26030083,"first_name":"Karen","last_name":"Oberhauser","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KarenOberhauser","display_name":"Karen Oberhauser","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KarenOberhauser?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":128413,"name":"Density dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density_dependence?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":162620,"name":"Ecological","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":164264,"name":"Body Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Body_Size?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":312823,"name":"Ecological Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Entomology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":620661,"name":"High Density Concrete","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Density_Concrete?f_ri=297937"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=297937"},{"id":1230590,"name":"Development Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Time?f_ri=297937"},{"id":2452539,"name":"Breeding season","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breeding_season?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12155062" data-work_id="12155062" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12155062/The_Arctic_as_a_model_for_anticipating_preventing_and_mitigating_climate_change_impacts_on_host_parasite_interactions">The Arctic as a model for anticipating, preventing, and mitigating climate change impacts on host–parasite interactions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Climate change is influencing the structure and function of natural ecosystems around the world, including host–parasite interactions and disease emergence. Understanding the influence of climate change on infectious disease at temperate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12155062" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Climate change is influencing the structure and function of natural ecosystems around the world, including host–parasite interactions and disease emergence. Understanding the influence of climate change on infectious disease at temperate and tropical latitudes can be challenging because of numerous complicating biological, social, and political factors. Arctic and Subarctic regions may be particularly good models for unraveling the impacts of</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12155062" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a13eb68f4161061ff4d8e4867fa90ec6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46329654,"asset_id":12155062,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46329654/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30512976" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlasdairVeitch">Alasdair Veitch</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30512976" type="text/json">{"id":30512976,"first_name":"Alasdair","last_name":"Veitch","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlasdairVeitch","display_name":"Alasdair Veitch","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlasdairVeitch?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12155062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12155062"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12155062, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12155062", }); 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Understanding the influence of climate change on infectious disease at temperate and tropical latitudes can be challenging because of numerous complicating biological, social, and political factors. Arctic and Subarctic regions may be particularly good models for unraveling the impacts of","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46329654,"asset_id":12155062,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30512976,"first_name":"Alasdair","last_name":"Veitch","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlasdairVeitch","display_name":"Alasdair Veitch","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlasdairVeitch?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":19080,"name":"Zoonoses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoonoses?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":35414,"name":"Veterinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":45405,"name":"Global Warming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Warming?f_ri=297937"},{"id":49646,"name":"Protein Structure and Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Structure_and_Function?f_ri=297937"},{"id":50634,"name":"Veterinary Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Parasitology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":71775,"name":"Biological Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Diversity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":81309,"name":"Infectious Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Disease?f_ri=297937"},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":170652,"name":"Fisheries Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences?f_ri=297937"},{"id":278621,"name":"Climate change impact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_change_impact?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":369458,"name":"Greenhouse Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greenhouse_Effect?f_ri=297937"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem?f_ri=297937"},{"id":531383,"name":"Captive Wild Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Captive_Wild_Animals?f_ri=297937"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23697170" data-work_id="23697170" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23697170/The_simple_septate_basidiomycetes_a_synopsis">The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The simple-septate basidiomycetes comprise more than 8,000 species that show a high morphological and ecological heterogeneity. To gain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this group, we compared several ultrastructural... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23697170" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The simple-septate basidiomycetes comprise more than 8,000 species that show a high morphological and ecological heterogeneity. To gain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this group, we compared several ultrastructural features such as septal pore apparatus, form and behavior of the spindle pole bodies, types of host-parasite interaction, presence or absence of colacosomes, symplechosomes, atractosomes and cystosomes as well as nuclear rDNA sequences coding for small-and large-subunit rRNA. Based on our integrated analysis, we propose a new classification system for the simple-septate basidiomycetes with the subphylum Pucciniomycotina and the Part 229 of the series 'Studies in heterobasidiomycetes' from the</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23697170" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd9eb9322292d80456c311acf483f5e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44104135,"asset_id":23697170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44104135/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33277733" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Wei%C3%9FMichael">Michael Weiß</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33277733" type="text/json">{"id":33277733,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Weiß","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WeißMichael","display_name":"Michael Weiß","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Wei%C3%9FMichael?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23697170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23697170"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23697170, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23697170", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23697170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23697170; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23697170"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23697170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23697170"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23697170; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23697170]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23697170").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23697170").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23697170"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23697170]'), work: {"id":23697170,"title":"The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis","created_at":"2016-03-25T11:37:00.443-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23697170/The_simple_septate_basidiomycetes_a_synopsis?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_23697170","summary":"The simple-septate basidiomycetes comprise more than 8,000 species that show a high morphological and ecological heterogeneity. To gain insight in the phylogenetic relationships within this group, we compared several ultrastructural features such as septal pore apparatus, form and behavior of the spindle pole bodies, types of host-parasite interaction, presence or absence of colacosomes, symplechosomes, atractosomes and cystosomes as well as nuclear rDNA sequences coding for small-and large-subunit rRNA. Based on our integrated analysis, we propose a new classification system for the simple-septate basidiomycetes with the subphylum Pucciniomycotina and the Part 229 of the series 'Studies in heterobasidiomycetes' from the","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44104135,"asset_id":23697170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33277733,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Weiß","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WeißMichael","display_name":"Michael Weiß","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Wei%C3%9FMichael?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35777336 coauthored" data-work_id="35777336" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35777336/Comparative_Proteomic_Analysis_of_Hymenolepis_diminuta_Cysticercoid_and_Adult_Stages">Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Hymenolepis diminuta Cysticercoid and Adult Stages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cestodiases are common parasitic diseases of animals and humans. As cestodes have complex lifecycles, hexacanth larvae, metacestodes (including cysticercoids), and adults produce proteins allowing them to establish invasion and to survive... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35777336" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cestodiases are common parasitic diseases of animals and humans. As cestodes have complex lifecycles, hexacanth larvae, metacestodes (including cysticercoids), and adults produce proteins allowing them to establish invasion and to survive in the hostile environment of the host. Hymenolepis diminuta is the most commonly used model cestode in experimental parasitology. The aims of the present study were to perform a comparative proteomic analysis of two consecutive developmental stages of H. diminuta (cysticercoid and adult) and to distinguish proteins which might be characteristic for each of the stages from those shared by both stages. Somatic proteins of H. diminuta were isolated from 6-week-old cysticercoids and adult tapeworms. Cysticercoids were obtained from experimentally infected beetles, Tenebrio molitor, whereas adult worms were collected from experimentally infected rats. Proteins were separated by GeLC-MS/MS (one dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry). Additionally protein samples were digested in-liquid and identified by LC-MS/MS. The identified proteins were classified according to molecular function, cellular components and biological processes. Our study showed a number of differences and similarities in the protein profiles of cysticercoids and adults; 233 cysticercoid and 182 adult proteins were identified. From these proteins, 131 were present only in the cysticercoid and 80 only in the adult stage samples. Both developmental stages shared 102 proteins; among which six represented immunomodulators and one is a potential drug target. In-liquid digestion and LC-MS/MS complemented and confirmed some of the GeLC-MS/MS identifications. Possible roles and functions of proteins identified with both proteomic approaches are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35777336" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5e51a9eb7f0bf3939cf2b20fc97d0e58" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55653906,"asset_id":35777336,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55653906/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14876181" href="https://berry.academia.edu/DavidBruceConn">David Bruce Conn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14876181" type="text/json">{"id":14876181,"first_name":"David Bruce","last_name":"Conn","domain_name":"berry","page_name":"DavidBruceConn","display_name":"David Bruce Conn","profile_url":"https://berry.academia.edu/DavidBruceConn?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14876181/4118321/6872674/s65_david_bruce.conn.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35777336">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35777336"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SulimaAnna">Anna Sulima</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35777336'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35777336').html(); 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As cestodes have complex lifecycles, hexacanth larvae, metacestodes (including cysticercoids), and adults produce proteins allowing them to establish invasion and to survive in the hostile environment of the host. Hymenolepis diminuta is the most commonly used model cestode in experimental parasitology. The aims of the present study were to perform a comparative proteomic analysis of two consecutive developmental stages of H. diminuta (cysticercoid and adult) and to distinguish proteins which might be characteristic for each of the stages from those shared by both stages. Somatic proteins of H. diminuta were isolated from 6-week-old cysticercoids and adult tapeworms. Cysticercoids were obtained from experimentally infected beetles, Tenebrio molitor, whereas adult worms were collected from experimentally infected rats. Proteins were separated by GeLC-MS/MS (one dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry). Additionally protein samples were digested in-liquid and identified by LC-MS/MS. The identified proteins were classified according to molecular function, cellular components and biological processes. Our study showed a number of differences and similarities in the protein profiles of cysticercoids and adults; 233 cysticercoid and 182 adult proteins were identified. From these proteins, 131 were present only in the cysticercoid and 80 only in the adult stage samples. Both developmental stages shared 102 proteins; among which six represented immunomodulators and one is a potential drug target. In-liquid digestion and LC-MS/MS complemented and confirmed some of the GeLC-MS/MS identifications. Possible roles and functions of proteins identified with both proteomic approaches are discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55653906,"asset_id":35777336,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14876181,"first_name":"David Bruce","last_name":"Conn","domain_name":"berry","page_name":"DavidBruceConn","display_name":"David Bruce Conn","profile_url":"https://berry.academia.edu/DavidBruceConn?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14876181/4118321/6872674/s65_david_bruce.conn.jpg"},{"id":75743515,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Sulima","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SulimaAnna","display_name":"Anna Sulima","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SulimaAnna?f_ri=297937","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":1083,"name":"Developmental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9187,"name":"Proteomics And Mass Spectrometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteomics_And_Mass_Spectrometry?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9786,"name":"Proteomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteomics?f_ri=297937"},{"id":13744,"name":"Molecular Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Microbiology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=297937"},{"id":19080,"name":"Zoonoses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoonoses?f_ri=297937"},{"id":20506,"name":"Host-parasite Coevolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_Coevolution?f_ri=297937"},{"id":40574,"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=297937"},{"id":48758,"name":"Infection and immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infection_and_immunity?f_ri=297937"},{"id":50634,"name":"Veterinary Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Parasitology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":53307,"name":"Experimental parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_parasitology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":53317,"name":"Intestinal Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intestinal_Parasites?f_ri=297937"},{"id":60740,"name":"Zoonosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoonosis?f_ri=297937"},{"id":64576,"name":"Parasitic Helminths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitic_Helminths?f_ri=297937"},{"id":81309,"name":"Infectious Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Disease?f_ri=297937"},{"id":89621,"name":"Helminthology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Helminthology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937"},{"id":107191,"name":"Parasitología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=297937"},{"id":128002,"name":"Neglected tropical diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neglected_tropical_diseases?f_ri=297937"},{"id":138211,"name":"Medical 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Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Parasitology?f_ri=297937"},{"id":876566,"name":"Microbiology and Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology_and_Parasitology?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8368168" data-work_id="8368168" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8368168/The_Fecal_Odor_of_Sick_Hedgehogs_Erinaceus_europaeus_Mediates_Olfactory_Attraction_of_the_Tick_Ixodes_hexagonus">The Fecal Odor of Sick Hedgehogs ( Erinaceus europaeus ) Mediates Olfactory Attraction of the Tick Ixodes hexagonus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Parasite loads of animals vary among individuals, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully identified. Here, we investigated whether health status of hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) is correlated with tick burden, and whether... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8368168" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Parasite loads of animals vary among individuals, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully identified. Here, we investigated whether health status of hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) is correlated with tick burden, and whether chemical cues linked to the health status of the host mediate attraction of the tick Ixodes hexagonus. An ecological survey conducted over 10 years, involving 226 wild hedgehogs, revealed a strong association between health status and tick burden of hedgehogs, with healthy animals being less likely to carry ticks than unhealthy ones. Behavioral choice tests demonstrated that ticks display a preference for the fecal odor from sick hedgehogs compared with healthy ones. Chemical analysis of fecal odors using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry showed differences in the odor profile between sick and healthy hedgehogs. Sick animals tended to exhibit raised levels of the volatile aromatic heterocyclic compound indole in their feces. Ticks were attracted to indole when given the choice between indole and a solvent control. However, fecal matter from healthy hosts, with the addition of indole, was not attractive to ticks, suggesting that indole interacts with other, undetected compounds in mediating attraction. This study implies that it is the attraction to fecal odor that causes higher tick burdens in sick hedgehogs. Ticks might benefit from this preference by avoiding possible repulsion mechanisms of healthy hosts. We suggest that ticks potentially choose their host based on odor linked to the host’s health status.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8368168" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0dadd5a97615da8d8b0529550df10ce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48120947,"asset_id":8368168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48120947/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16817768" href="https://hull.academia.edu/ToniBunnell">Toni Bunnell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16817768" type="text/json">{"id":16817768,"first_name":"Toni","last_name":"Bunnell","domain_name":"hull","page_name":"ToniBunnell","display_name":"Toni Bunnell","profile_url":"https://hull.academia.edu/ToniBunnell?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16817768/6482831/12650837/s65_toni.bunnell.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8368168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8368168"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8368168, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8368168", }); 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Here, we investigated whether health status of hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) is correlated with tick burden, and whether chemical cues linked to the health status of the host mediate attraction of the tick Ixodes hexagonus. An ecological survey conducted over 10 years, involving 226 wild hedgehogs, revealed a strong association between health status and tick burden of hedgehogs, with healthy animals being less likely to carry ticks than unhealthy ones. Behavioral choice tests demonstrated that ticks display a preference for the fecal odor from sick hedgehogs compared with healthy ones. Chemical analysis of fecal odors using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry showed differences in the odor profile between sick and healthy hedgehogs. Sick animals tended to exhibit raised levels of the volatile aromatic heterocyclic compound indole in their feces. Ticks were attracted to indole when given the choice between indole and a solvent control. However, fecal matter from healthy hosts, with the addition of indole, was not attractive to ticks, suggesting that indole interacts with other, undetected compounds in mediating attraction. This study implies that it is the attraction to fecal odor that causes higher tick burdens in sick hedgehogs. Ticks might benefit from this preference by avoiding possible repulsion mechanisms of healthy hosts. We suggest that ticks potentially choose their host based on odor linked to the host’s health status.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48120947,"asset_id":8368168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16817768,"first_name":"Toni","last_name":"Bunnell","domain_name":"hull","page_name":"ToniBunnell","display_name":"Toni Bunnell","profile_url":"https://hull.academia.edu/ToniBunnell?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16817768/6482831/12650837/s65_toni.bunnell.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4497,"name":"Chemical Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":9779,"name":"Pheromones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pheromones?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":119176,"name":"Animal health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_health?f_ri=297937"},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=297937"},{"id":168891,"name":"Chemical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Analysis?f_ri=297937"},{"id":232534,"name":"Health Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Status?f_ri=297937"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=297937"},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":357416,"name":"Odors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odors?f_ri=297937"},{"id":469102,"name":"Feces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feces?f_ri=297937"},{"id":494757,"name":"Tick Infestations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tick_Infestations?f_ri=297937"},{"id":529560,"name":"Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Chromatography_mass_Spectrometry?f_ri=297937"},{"id":896437,"name":"Hedgehogs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hedgehogs?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4884636" data-work_id="4884636" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4884636/Dung_beetles_and_fecal_helminth_transmission_patterns_mechanisms_and_questions">Dung beetles and fecal helminth transmission:patterns, mechanisms and questions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dung beetles are detrivorous insects that feed and reproduce with the fecal material of vertebrates. This dependency on vertebrate feces implies frequent contact between dung beetles and parasitic helminths with a fecal component to their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4884636" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dung beetles are detrivorous insects that feed and reproduce with the fecal material of vertebrates. This dependency on vertebrate feces implies frequent contact between dung beetles and parasitic helminths with a fecal component to their life-cycle. Interactions between dung beetles and helminths carry both positive and negative consequences for successful parasite transmission, however to date there has been no systematic review of dung beetle-helminth interactions, their epidemiological importance, or their underlying mechanisms. Here we review the observational evidence of beetle biodiversity-helminth transmission relationships, propose five mechanisms by which dung beetles influence helminth survival and transmission, and highlight areas for future research. Efforts to understand how anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity may influence parasite transmission must include the development of detailed, mechanistic understanding of the multiple interactions between free-living and parasitic species within ecological communities. The dung beetle-helminth system may be a promising future model system with which to understand these complex relationships.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4884636" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d4137040a67f3e02a04add5d17fea671" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32590738,"asset_id":4884636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32590738/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="325849" href="https://lowermekong.academia.edu/LizNichols">Liz Nichols</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="325849" type="text/json">{"id":325849,"first_name":"Liz","last_name":"Nichols","domain_name":"lowermekong","page_name":"LizNichols","display_name":"Liz Nichols","profile_url":"https://lowermekong.academia.edu/LizNichols?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/325849/91613/106835481/s65_liz.nichols.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4884636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4884636"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4884636, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4884636", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4884636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4884636; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4884636"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4884636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4884636"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4884636; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4884636]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4884636").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4884636").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4884636"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7041" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_ecology">Disease ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7041" type="text/json">{"id":7041,"name":"Disease ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20441" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dung_Beetles">Dung Beetles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20441" type="text/json">{"id":20441,"name":"Dung Beetles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dung_Beetles?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26824" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite_Ecology">Parasite Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26824" type="text/json">{"id":26824,"name":"Parasite Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction">Host Parasite Interaction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297937" type="text/json">{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4884636]'), work: {"id":4884636,"title":"Dung beetles and fecal helminth transmission:patterns, mechanisms and questions","created_at":"2013-10-24T20:56:45.632-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4884636/Dung_beetles_and_fecal_helminth_transmission_patterns_mechanisms_and_questions?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_4884636","summary":"Dung beetles are detrivorous insects that feed and reproduce with the fecal material of vertebrates. This dependency on vertebrate feces implies frequent contact between dung beetles and parasitic helminths with a fecal component to their life-cycle. Interactions between dung beetles and helminths carry both positive and negative consequences for successful parasite transmission, however to date there has been no systematic review of dung beetle-helminth interactions, their epidemiological importance, or their underlying mechanisms. Here we review the observational evidence of beetle biodiversity-helminth transmission relationships, propose five mechanisms by which dung beetles influence helminth survival and transmission, and highlight areas for future research. Efforts to understand how anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity may influence parasite transmission must include the development of detailed, mechanistic understanding of the multiple interactions between free-living and parasitic species within ecological communities. The dung beetle-helminth system may be a promising future model system with which to understand these complex relationships. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32590738,"asset_id":4884636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":325849,"first_name":"Liz","last_name":"Nichols","domain_name":"lowermekong","page_name":"LizNichols","display_name":"Liz Nichols","profile_url":"https://lowermekong.academia.edu/LizNichols?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/325849/91613/106835481/s65_liz.nichols.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7041,"name":"Disease ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":20441,"name":"Dung Beetles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dung_Beetles?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":26824,"name":"Parasite Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite_Ecology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37875171 coauthored" data-work_id="37875171" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37875171/Microorganisms_in_the_ticks_Amblyomma_dissimile_Koch_1844_and_Amblyomma_rotundatum_Koch_1844_collected_from_snakes_in_Brazil">Microorganisms in the ticks Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 collected from snakes in Brazil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Knowledge about ticks (Acari) and screening of ticks parasitizing various hosts are necessary to understand the epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate tick infestations on snakes (Reptilia:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37875171" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Knowledge about ticks (Acari) and screening of ticks parasitizing various hosts are necessary to understand the epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate tick infestations on snakes (Reptilia: Squa-mata: Serpentes) arriving at the serpentarium at the Institute Vital Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. Some of the identified ticks were individually tested for the presence of bacteria of the genera Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), Borrelia (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae), Coxiella (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae), Bartonella (Rhizobiales: Bar-tonellaceae), Ehrlichia (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and Apicomplexa protozoa of the genera Babesia (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) and Hepatozoon (Eucoccidiorida: Hepatozoidae). A total of 115 hard ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) were collected from 17 host individuals obtained from four Brazilian states. Two species of tick were identified: Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 (four larvae, 16 nymphs, 40 adults), and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 (12 nymphs, 43 adults). Rickettsia bellii was found in A. rotundatum and A. dissimile ticks and Rickettsia sp. strain Colombianensi, Anaplasma-like and Hepatozoon sp. in A. dissimile ticks. Among the tested ticks, no DNA of Borrelia, Bartonella, Coxiella or Babesia was found. The present findings extend the geographic range of Rickettsia sp. strain Colombianensi in Brazil and provide novel tick–host associations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37875171" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de1f21b932a31b96c2225d317fe675af" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57881809,"asset_id":37875171,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57881809/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5847714" href="https://fiocruz.academia.edu/MariaOgrzewalska">Maria Ogrzewalska</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5847714" type="text/json">{"id":5847714,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Ogrzewalska","domain_name":"fiocruz","page_name":"MariaOgrzewalska","display_name":"Maria Ogrzewalska","profile_url":"https://fiocruz.academia.edu/MariaOgrzewalska?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5847714/139466572/128946510/s65_maria.ogrzewalska.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37875171">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37875171"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://vitalbrazil.academia.edu/ClaudioMachado">Claudio Machado</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37875171'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37875171').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37875171 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37875171"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37875171, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37875171", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37875171 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37875171; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37875171"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37875171 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37875171"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37875171; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37875171]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37875171").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37875171").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37875171"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="103375" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites">Parasites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="103375" type="text/json">{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134021" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Snakes">Snakes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134021" type="text/json">{"id":134021,"name":"Snakes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Snakes?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37875171]'), work: {"id":37875171,"title":"Microorganisms in the ticks Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 collected from snakes in Brazil","created_at":"2018-11-29T03:40:48.871-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37875171/Microorganisms_in_the_ticks_Amblyomma_dissimile_Koch_1844_and_Amblyomma_rotundatum_Koch_1844_collected_from_snakes_in_Brazil?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_37875171","summary":"Knowledge about ticks (Acari) and screening of ticks parasitizing various hosts are necessary to understand the epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate tick infestations on snakes (Reptilia: Squa-mata: Serpentes) arriving at the serpentarium at the Institute Vital Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. Some of the identified ticks were individually tested for the presence of bacteria of the genera Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), Borrelia (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae), Coxiella (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae), Bartonella (Rhizobiales: Bar-tonellaceae), Ehrlichia (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and Apicomplexa protozoa of the genera Babesia (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) and Hepatozoon (Eucoccidiorida: Hepatozoidae). A total of 115 hard ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) were collected from 17 host individuals obtained from four Brazilian states. Two species of tick were identified: Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 (four larvae, 16 nymphs, 40 adults), and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 (12 nymphs, 43 adults). Rickettsia bellii was found in A. rotundatum and A. dissimile ticks and Rickettsia sp. strain Colombianensi, Anaplasma-like and Hepatozoon sp. in A. dissimile ticks. Among the tested ticks, no DNA of Borrelia, Bartonella, Coxiella or Babesia was found. The present findings extend the geographic range of Rickettsia sp. strain Colombianensi in Brazil and provide novel tick–host associations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57881809,"asset_id":37875171,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5847714,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Ogrzewalska","domain_name":"fiocruz","page_name":"MariaOgrzewalska","display_name":"Maria Ogrzewalska","profile_url":"https://fiocruz.academia.edu/MariaOgrzewalska?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5847714/139466572/128946510/s65_maria.ogrzewalska.jpg"},{"id":3388468,"first_name":"Claudio","last_name":"Machado","domain_name":"vitalbrazil","page_name":"ClaudioMachado","display_name":"Claudio Machado","profile_url":"https://vitalbrazil.academia.edu/ClaudioMachado?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3388468/1144115/4919086/s65_claudio.machado.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":103375,"name":"Parasites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasites?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":134021,"name":"Snakes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Snakes?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false},{"id":297937,"name":"Host Parasite Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Parasite_Interaction?f_ri=297937"},{"id":480736,"name":"Venomous snakes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Venomous_snakes?f_ri=297937"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1138851" data-work_id="1138851" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1138851/Understanding_the_net_effects_of_pesticides_on_amphibian_trematode_infections">Understanding the net effects of pesticides on amphibian trematode infections</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Anthropogenic factors can have simultaneous positive and negative effects on parasite transmission, and thus it is important to quantify their net effects on disease risk. Net effects will be a product of changes in the survival and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1138851" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Anthropogenic factors can have simultaneous positive and negative effects on parasite transmission, and thus it is important to quantify their net effects on disease risk. Net effects will be a product of changes in the survival and traits (e.g., susceptibility, infectivity) of both hosts and parasites. In separate laboratory experiments, we exposed cercariae of the trematode Echinostoma trivolvis, and its first and second intermediate hosts, snails (Planorbella trivolvis) and green frog tadpoles (Rana clamitans), respectively, to one of four common pesticides (atrazine, glyphosate, carbaryl, and malathion) at standardized, ecologically relevant concentrations (201.0, 3700.0, 33.5, and 9.6 lg/L, respectively). We measured effects of pesticide exposure on six mechanisms important to this host-parasite interaction: (1) survival of E. trivolvis cercariae over 26 hours, (2) tadpole survival over two weeks, (3) snail survival over four weeks, (4) snail growth and fecundity, (5) cercarial infectivity, and (6) tadpole susceptibility to a fixed number of cercariae. Pesticides, in general, caused significantly greater mortality of E. trivolvis cercariae than did control treatments, but atrazine was the lone chemical to significantly reduce cercarial survival (LC50 value ¼ 267 mg/L) and then only at concentrations greater than commonly found in aquatic ecosystems (!200 lg/L). None of the pesticides significantly enhanced E. trivolvis virulence, decreased tadpole survival, or reduced snail survival, growth, or fecundity. Sublethal exposure of the cercariae to the pesticides (4 h) did not significantly affect trematode encystment in R. clamitans. In contrast, sublethal exposure of R. clamitans to each of the four pesticides increased their susceptibility as measured by the percentage of cercariae that encysted. The reduction in exposure to trematodes due to pesticide-induced cercarial mortality (a density-mediated effect) was smaller than the pesticideinduced increase in amphibian susceptibility (a trait-mediated effect), suggesting that the net effect of exposure to environmentally realistic levels of pesticides will be to elevate amphibian trematode infections. These findings highlight the importance of elucidating the lethal and sublethal effects of anthropogenic factors on both hosts and parasites to understand the mechanisms underlying changes in parasite transmission and virulence, an approach that is especially needed for amphibians, a taxon experiencing global disease-related declines.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1138851" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e558f5ade2b69fc194ff591d5c06e4a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6982253,"asset_id":1138851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/6982253/download_file?st=MTczNTA2NDUzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1019498" href="https://usf.academia.edu/JasonRohr">Jason Rohr</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1019498" type="text/json">{"id":1019498,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Rohr","domain_name":"usf","page_name":"JasonRohr","display_name":"Jason Rohr","profile_url":"https://usf.academia.edu/JasonRohr?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1019498/8074512/9040688/s65_jason.rohr.jpg_oh_cd3b7d8b3f6fd2bc564468dbb6503c3e_oe_55763d9d___gda___1433845980_f6d0083d014aaef75baea2ad6bec3f17"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1138851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1138851"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1138851, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1138851", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1138851]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1138851").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1138851").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1138851"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53796" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquatic_Ecosystem">Aquatic Ecosystem</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53796" type="text/json">{"id":53796,"name":"Aquatic Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquatic_Ecosystem?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58054" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences">Environmental Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58054" type="text/json">{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="85437" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticides">Pesticides</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="85437" type="text/json">{"id":85437,"name":"Pesticides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticides?f_ri=297937","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1138851]'), work: {"id":1138851,"title":"Understanding the net effects of pesticides on amphibian trematode infections","created_at":"2011-12-06T03:08:23.176-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1138851/Understanding_the_net_effects_of_pesticides_on_amphibian_trematode_infections?f_ri=297937","dom_id":"work_1138851","summary":"Anthropogenic factors can have simultaneous positive and negative effects on parasite transmission, and thus it is important to quantify their net effects on disease risk. Net effects will be a product of changes in the survival and traits (e.g., susceptibility, infectivity) of both hosts and parasites. In separate laboratory experiments, we exposed cercariae of the trematode Echinostoma trivolvis, and its first and second intermediate hosts, snails (Planorbella trivolvis) and green frog tadpoles (Rana clamitans), respectively, to one of four common pesticides (atrazine, glyphosate, carbaryl, and malathion) at standardized, ecologically relevant concentrations (201.0, 3700.0, 33.5, and 9.6 lg/L, respectively). We measured effects of pesticide exposure on six mechanisms important to this host-parasite interaction: (1) survival of E. trivolvis cercariae over 26 hours, (2) tadpole survival over two weeks, (3) snail survival over four weeks, (4) snail growth and fecundity, (5) cercarial infectivity, and (6) tadpole susceptibility to a fixed number of cercariae. Pesticides, in general, caused significantly greater mortality of E. trivolvis cercariae than did control treatments, but atrazine was the lone chemical to significantly reduce cercarial survival (LC50 value ¼ 267 mg/L) and then only at concentrations greater than commonly found in aquatic ecosystems (!200 lg/L). None of the pesticides significantly enhanced E. trivolvis virulence, decreased tadpole survival, or reduced snail survival, growth, or fecundity. Sublethal exposure of the cercariae to the pesticides (4 h) did not significantly affect trematode encystment in R. clamitans. In contrast, sublethal exposure of R. clamitans to each of the four pesticides increased their susceptibility as measured by the percentage of cercariae that encysted. The reduction in exposure to trematodes due to pesticide-induced cercarial mortality (a density-mediated effect) was smaller than the pesticideinduced increase in amphibian susceptibility (a trait-mediated effect), suggesting that the net effect of exposure to environmentally realistic levels of pesticides will be to elevate amphibian trematode infections. These findings highlight the importance of elucidating the lethal and sublethal effects of anthropogenic factors on both hosts and parasites to understand the mechanisms underlying changes in parasite transmission and virulence, an approach that is especially needed for amphibians, a taxon experiencing global disease-related declines.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6982253,"asset_id":1138851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1019498,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Rohr","domain_name":"usf","page_name":"JasonRohr","display_name":"Jason Rohr","profile_url":"https://usf.academia.edu/JasonRohr?f_ri=297937","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1019498/8074512/9040688/s65_jason.rohr.jpg_oh_cd3b7d8b3f6fd2bc564468dbb6503c3e_oe_55763d9d___gda___1433845980_f6d0083d014aaef75baea2ad6bec3f17"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47884,"name":"Biological 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