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<ul id="toc-Pikes_Peak_granite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fountain_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fountain_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.1</span> <span>Fountain Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fountain_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lyons_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyons_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.2</span> <span>Lyons Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyons_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lykins_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lykins_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.3</span> <span>Lykins Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lykins_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morrison_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morrison_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.4</span> <span>Morrison Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morrison_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dakota_Sandstone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dakota_Sandstone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.5</span> <span>Dakota Sandstone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dakota_Sandstone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pierre_Shale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pierre_Shale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.6</span> <span>Pierre Shale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pierre_Shale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fox_Hills_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fox_Hills_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.7</span> <span>Fox Hills Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fox_Hills_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laramie_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laramie_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.8</span> <span>Laramie Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laramie_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denver_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denver_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.9</span> <span>Denver Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denver_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paleosol_–_Dawson_Arkose" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paleosol_–_Dawson_Arkose"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.10</span> <span>Paleosol – Dawson Arkose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paleosol_–_Dawson_Arkose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Castle_Rock_rhyolite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castle_Rock_rhyolite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.11</span> <span>Castle Rock rhyolite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castle_Rock_rhyolite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-White_River_Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#White_River_Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.12</span> <span>White River Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-White_River_Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Castle_Rock_conglomerate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castle_Rock_conglomerate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.13</span> <span>Castle Rock conglomerate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castle_Rock_conglomerate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quaternary_sediments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quaternary_sediments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.14</span> <span>Quaternary sediments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quaternary_sediments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paleoclimatology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paleoclimatology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Paleoclimatology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paleoclimatology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecosystems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecosystems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Ecosystems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecosystems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prehistoric_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistoric_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prehistoric people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prehistoric_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Prehistoric people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prehistoric_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paleo-Indian_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paleo-Indian_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Paleo-Indian period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paleo-Indian_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-Clovis_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Clovis_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Pre-Clovis culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Clovis_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clovis_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clovis_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Clovis culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clovis_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folsom_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folsom_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Folsom culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folsom_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plano_cultures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plano_cultures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.4</span> <span>Plano cultures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plano_cultures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaic_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaic_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Archaic period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaic_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Apex_complex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apex_complex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Apex complex</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apex_complex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaic–Early_Basketmaker_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaic–Early_Basketmaker_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaic–Early_Basketmaker_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mount_Albion_complex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mount_Albion_complex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Mount Albion complex</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mount_Albion_complex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Archaic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Archaic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Post-Archaic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Archaic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hunter-gatherer_cultures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hunter-gatherer_cultures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Hunter-gatherer cultures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hunter-gatherer_cultures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Apishapa_phase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apishapa_phase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1.1</span> <span>Apishapa phase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apishapa_phase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dismal_River_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dismal_River_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1.2</span> <span>Dismal River culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dismal_River_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panhandle_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panhandle_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1.3</span> <span>Panhandle culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panhandle_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sopris_phase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sopris_phase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1.4</span> <span>Sopris phase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sopris_phase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plains_Woodland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plains_Woodland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1.5</span> <span>Plains Woodland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plains_Woodland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketmaker_and_Ancient_Puebloan_people_(southwestern_Colorado)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketmaker_and_Ancient_Puebloan_people_(southwestern_Colorado)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Basketmaker and Ancient Puebloan people (southwestern Colorado)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketmaker_and_Ancient_Puebloan_people_(southwestern_Colorado)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_Basketmaker_II_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Basketmaker_II_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.1</span> <span>Early Basketmaker II Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Basketmaker_II_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_Basketmaker_II_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_Basketmaker_II_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.2</span> <span>Late Basketmaker II Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_Basketmaker_II_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketmaker_III_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketmaker_III_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.3</span> <span>Basketmaker III Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketmaker_III_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pueblo_I_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pueblo_I_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.4</span> <span>Pueblo I Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pueblo_I_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pueblo_II_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pueblo_II_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.5</span> <span>Pueblo II Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pueblo_II_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pueblo_III_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pueblo_III_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.6</span> <span>Pueblo III Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pueblo_III_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_prehistoric_Native_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_prehistoric_Native_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Late prehistoric Native Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_prehistoric_Native_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Native_American_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_American_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Native American people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_American_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Apache" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apache"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.1</span> <span>Apache</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apache-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arapaho" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arapaho"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.2</span> <span>Arapaho</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arapaho-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cheyenne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cheyenne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.3</span> <span>Cheyenne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cheyenne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comanche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comanche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.4</span> <span>Comanche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comanche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navajo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navajo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.5</span> <span>Navajo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navajo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pawnee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pawnee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.6</span> <span>Pawnee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pawnee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.7</span> <span>Ute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupation_sequences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupation_sequences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Occupation sequences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occupation_sequences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colorado" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colorado"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Colorado</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colorado-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prehistory_of_Colorado&params=38.9972_N_105.5478_W_dim:300000_region:region:US-CO_type:adm1st&title=Geometric+center+of+the+State+of+Colorado"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°59′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">105°32′52″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.9972°N 105.5478°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.9972; -105.5478</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Geometric center of the State of Colorado</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the geological origins and prehistoric people of Colorado. See also <a href="/wiki/List_of_prehistoric_sites_in_Colorado" title="List of prehistoric sites in Colorado">List of prehistoric sites in Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Colorado_prehistory" title="Outline of Colorado prehistory">Outline of Colorado prehistory</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Colorado" title="History of Colorado">History of Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Colorado_history" title="Timeline of Colorado history">Timeline of Colorado history</a></div> <p><b>Prehistory of Colorado</b> provides an overview of the activities that occurred prior to <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Recorded_history" title="Recorded history">recorded history</a>. Colorado experienced cataclysmic geological events over billions of years, which shaped the land and resulted in diverse <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystems</a>. The ecosystems included several <a href="/wiki/Ice_ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice ages">ice ages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">tropical</a> <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">oceans</a>, and a massive <a href="/wiki/Types_of_volcanic_eruptions" title="Types of volcanic eruptions">volcanic eruption</a>. Then, ancient layers of earth rose to become the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>. </p><p>Before humans, the <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">dinosaur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mammoth" title="Mammoth">mammoth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mastodon" title="Mastodon">mastodon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camelops" title="Camelops">camelops</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bison_antiquus" title="Bison antiquus">giant bison</a> foraged for food in a verdant land. During the Ice Age summer, humans walked into the present Colorado area as they followed and hunted large animals. </p><p>The ancient hunters, the <a href="/wiki/Paleo-Indians" title="Paleo-Indians">Paleo-Indians</a>, evolved into modern <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American nations</a>. The first people in Colorado were <a href="/wiki/Nomad" title="Nomad">nomads</a>, following and hunting large mammals using the <a href="/wiki/Clovis_point" title="Clovis point">Clovis point</a>. As <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">Megafauna</a> became extinct, people adapted by hunting smaller animals, gathering wild plants, and cultivating food, such as <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>. As the natives became more sedentary, there were significant technological and social advances, including basket, pottery, and tool making, and creation of permanent structures and communities. Trading with other indigenous people expanded the number and type of material items used for material goods, such as sea shells, stones for jewelry and tools, pottery and food. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geological_formations">Geological formations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geological formations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a summary of geological formations in Colorado: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Precambrian_igneous_and_metamorphic_rocks"><a href="/wiki/Shield_(geology)" title="Shield (geology)">Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> <a href="/wiki/Metamorphic_rock" title="Metamorphic rock">metamorphic rock</a> that forms the core of the North American continent during the <a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> eon 4.5–1 billion years ago. There is also Precambrian sedimentary <a href="/wiki/Argillite" title="Argillite">argillite</a>, dating back to 1.7 billion years ago. During the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a>, western North America lay underneath a shallow sea, which deposited many kilometers of <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gadd1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gadd1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pikes_Peak_granite"><a href="/wiki/Pikes_Peak_granite" title="Pikes Peak granite">Pikes Peak granite</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pikes Peak granite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg/150px-Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg/225px-Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg/300px-Pikes_Peak_Granite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a> era and during the <a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> eon, about 300 million to one billion years ago, Pikes Peak Granite was formed from mass amounts of molten rock that would amalgamate, flow and combine, to form the continents. In Colorado it is known as the <a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> Pikes Peak Granite. Over the next 500 million years, <a href="/wiki/Sedimentation" title="Sedimentation">sedimentation</a> (sediment deposition) occurred after the granite was produced. At about 500 to 300 million years ago, the region began to sink and lime and mud sediments deposited in the newly formed space. Eroded granite produced sand particles that formed strata, layers of sediment, in the sinking basin. At about 300 million years ago the land lifted, creating the ancestral Rocky Mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1">: 1 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Fountain_Formation"><a href="/wiki/Fountain_Formation" title="Fountain Formation">Fountain Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fountain Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg/150px-Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg/225px-Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg/300px-Flatirons_in_the_Fall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Fountain Formation was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvanian_(geology)" title="Pennsylvanian (geology)">Pennsylvanian</a> period of the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a> era, 290-296 million years ago. Over the next 150 million years, during uplift the mountains would continue to erode and cover themselves in their own sediment. Wind, gravity, rainwater, snow, and ice-melt supplied rivers that ultimately carved through the granite mountains and eventually led to their end.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6">: 6 </span></sup> Fountain Formation is <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvanian_(geology)" title="Pennsylvanian (geology)">Pennsylvanian</a> bedrock unit consisting primarily of <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(geology)" title="Conglomerate (geology)">conglomerate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Arkose" title="Arkose">arkose</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>, along the east side of the <a href="/wiki/Front_Range" title="Front Range">Front Range</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>, and along the west edge of the <a href="/wiki/Denver_Basin" title="Denver Basin">Denver Basin</a>. The characteristic predominant red color and the composition of the Fountain reflect that of the <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gneiss" title="Gneiss">gneisses</a> from which it was eroded. Related sites are: <a href="/wiki/Flatirons" title="Flatirons">Flatirons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Gods" title="Garden of the Gods">Garden of the Gods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Rocks_Park" title="Red Rocks Park">Red Rocks Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough State Park</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Lyons_Formation"><a href="/wiki/Lyons_Formation" title="Lyons Formation">Lyons Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lyons Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg/150px-Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg/225px-Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg/300px-Towering_Sand_Dunes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Lyons Sandstone was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a> period of the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a> era, 250-280 million years ago. At the beginning of the period, sea levels were low and present-day Colorado was part of the super-continent <a href="/wiki/Pangaea" title="Pangaea">Pangaea</a>. Sand deserts covered most of the area spreading as dunes seen in the rock record, known today as the Lyons Sandstone. These dunes appear to be cross-bedded and show various <a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">fossil</a> footprints and leaf imprints in many of the strata making up the section.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 8">: 8 </span></sup> Related sites include: <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Gods" title="Garden of the Gods">Garden of the Gods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough State Park</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Lyons,_Colorado" title="Lyons, Colorado">Lyons</a> and neighboring Hall Ranch Open Space areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Lykins_Formation">Lykins Formation</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Lykins Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg/150px-Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg/225px-Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg/300px-Garden_of_the_Gods_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Lykins Formation was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic</a> periods 150-250 million years ago. The sediment deposition of wavy layers of muddy <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> and signs of stromatolites that thrived in a smelly tidal flat at present-day Colorado. The Ancestral Rockies were burying themselves while the shoreline was present during the break-up of Pangaea. This formation began right after Earth's largest extinction 251 million years ago at the <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a>-<a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic</a> Boundary. Ninety percent of the planet's marine life was destroyed and a great deal on land as well.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 10">: 10 </span></sup> Related sites: <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Gods" title="Garden of the Gods">Garden of the Gods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Rocks_Park" title="Red Rocks Park">Red Rocks Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough State Park</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Morrison_Formation"><a href="/wiki/Morrison_Formation" title="Morrison Formation">Morrison Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Morrison Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg/75px-PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg/113px-PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg/150px-PurgatoireTrackwayCO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The Morrison Formation was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic</a> Period 100-150 million years ago. The Morrison Formation contains some of the best fossils of the Late Jurassic. It is especially known for its sauropod tracks and sauropod bones among other dinosaur fossils. As identified by the fossil record, the environment was filled with various types of vegetation such as <a href="/wiki/Fern" title="Fern">ferns</a> and zamites.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 12">: 12 </span></sup> Related site: <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Ridge" title="Dinosaur Ridge">Dinosaur Ridge</a>, the roadcut at the Interstate 70 Morrison exit </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Dakota_Sandstone"><a href="/wiki/Dakota_Sandstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakota Sandstone">Dakota Sandstone</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Dakota Sandstone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG/150px-Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG/225px-Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG/300px-Dinosaur_Ridge_tracks.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2764" data-file-height="2074" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Dakota Sandstone, formed during the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> period 70 to 100 million years ago, was deposited 100 million years ago towards Colorado's eastern coast. It shows evidence of ferns, and dinosaur tracks. Sheets of ripple marks can be seen on some of the strata, confirming the shallow-sea environment.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14">: 14 </span></sup> Related sites are: <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Ridge" title="Dinosaur Ridge">Dinosaur Ridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Gods" title="Garden of the Gods">Garden of the Gods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough State Park</a>, Deer Creek Canyon Park, the roadcut at the Interstate 70 Morrison exit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pierre_Shale"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Shale" title="Pierre Shale">Pierre Shale</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pierre Shale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BrokenConcretion22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/150px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/225px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/300px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Pierre Shale was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> periods about 70 million years ago. The region was taken over by a deep sea, the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> <a href="/wiki/Western_Interior_Seaway" title="Western Interior Seaway">Western Interior Seaway</a>, and deposited mass amounts of shale over the area known as the Pierre Shale. Both the thick section of shale and the marine life fossils found (<a href="/wiki/Ammonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammonite">ammonites</a> and skeletons of fish and such marine reptiles as <a href="/wiki/Mosasaur" title="Mosasaur">mosasaurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plesiosaur" title="Plesiosaur">plesiosaurs</a>, and extinct species of <a href="/wiki/Sea_turtle" title="Sea turtle">sea turtles</a>, along with rare <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">dinosaur</a> and bird remains). Colorado eventually drained from being at the bottom of an ocean to land again, giving yield to another fossiliferous rock layer, the Denver Formation. At about 68 million years ago, the Front Range began to rise again due to the Laramide Orogeny in the west.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> Related sites are: <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Gods" title="Garden of the Gods">Garden of the Gods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Creek_Nature_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Fountain Creek Nature Center">Fountain Creek Nature Center</a>, Rooney Road near <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Ridge" title="Dinosaur Ridge">Dinosaur Ridge</a>, Valmont Dike </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Fox_Hills_Formation"><a href="/wiki/Fox_Hills_Formation" title="Fox Hills Formation">Fox Hills Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fox Hills Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg/150px-Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg/225px-Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg/300px-Western_Interior_Seaway_-_95Ma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="927" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Fox Hills Formation was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> periods. It is a marginal marine yellow <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a> with <a href="/wiki/Shale" title="Shale">shale</a> interbeds<sup id="cite_ref-lexicon_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexicon-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> created with the receding <a href="/wiki/Western_Interior_Seaway" title="Western Interior Seaway">Western Interior Seaway</a> in Late Cretaceous time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Laramie_Formation"><a href="/wiki/Laramie_Formation" title="Laramie Formation">Laramie Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Laramie Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Laramie Formation, formed during the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> periods, is a geologic formation of the <a href="/wiki/Denver_Basin" title="Denver Basin">Denver Basin</a> that ranges from 400 to 500 feet on the western side of the basin and 200–300 feet thick on the eastern side. The formation can be divided into a lower unnamed member containing bedded <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> and an upper unnamed member composed predominately of 90 to 190 m of drab-colored mudstone, some sandstone, and thin coal beds.<sup id="cite_ref-eldridge1888_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eldridge1888-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-shrobacarrara1996_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shrobacarrara1996-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-king1876_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-king1876-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Denver_Formation"><a href="/wiki/Denver_Formation" title="Denver Formation">Denver Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Denver Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_mountains.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Green_mountains.JPG/150px-Green_mountains.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Green_mountains.JPG/225px-Green_mountains.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Green_mountains.JPG/300px-Green_mountains.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Denver Formation, formed during the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> periods 55 million years, contains fossils and bones from dinosaurs like <a href="/wiki/Tyrannosaurus" title="Tyrannosaurus">Tyrannosaurus rex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Triceratops" title="Triceratops">Triceratops</a>. While the forests of vegetation, dinosaurs, and other organisms thrived, their reign would come to an end at the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_boundary" title="Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary">Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary</a> (K–T boundary). In an instant, millions of species are obliterated from a meteor impact in Mexico's <a href="/wiki/Yucatan_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatan Peninsula">Yucatan Peninsula</a>. While this extinction lead to the dinosaurs' and other organisms' demise, some life did prevail to repopulate the earth as it recovered from this tremendous disaster. The uplifted Front Range continued to constantly erode and, by 40 million years ago, the range was once again buried in its own rubble.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 18">: 18 </span></sup> Related sites are: Austin Bluffs Park, Green Mountain, <a href="/wiki/Palmer_Park,_Colorado_Springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmer Park, Colorado Springs">Palmer Park</a>, Pulpit Rock Park, <a href="/wiki/South_Table_Mountain_(Colorado)" title="South Table Mountain (Colorado)">South Table Mountain</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Paleosol_–_Dawson_Arkose"><span id="Paleosol_.E2.80.93_Dawson_Arkose"></span><a href="/wiki/Paleosol" title="Paleosol">Paleosol</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arkose" title="Arkose">Dawson Arkose</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Paleosol – Dawson Arkose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tropical_forest.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Tropical_forest.JPG/150px-Tropical_forest.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Tropical_forest.JPG/225px-Tropical_forest.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Tropical_forest.JPG/300px-Tropical_forest.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Dawson Arkose, formed during the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> period 37-55 million years ago, is up to 20 foot thick, multi-colored layers of clay form in this prehistoric tropical forest. This layer, Paleosol, is a soil of fossils such as petrified wood. An uplift occurred on the Front Range that caused the Pikes Peak granite to become exposed and then erode on the surface, resulting in a white sandstone called Dawson Arkose.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 24">: 24 </span></sup> Related sites are: <a href="/wiki/Castlewood_Canyon_State_Park" title="Castlewood Canyon State Park">Castlewood Canyon State Park</a>, Daniel's Park, Paint Mines Interpretive Park, Rock Park </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Castle_Rock_rhyolite"><a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">Castle Rock rhyolite</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Castle Rock rhyolite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Molly_Brown_House.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Molly_Brown_House.JPG/150px-Molly_Brown_House.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Molly_Brown_House.JPG/225px-Molly_Brown_House.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Molly_Brown_House.JPG/300px-Molly_Brown_House.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1045" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Castle Rock rhyolite was formed during the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> period 34-37 million years ago. 37 million years ago, a great volcanic eruption took place in the Collegiate Range and covered the landscape in molten hot ash that instantly torched and consumed everything across the landscape. An entire lush environment was capped in a matter of minutes with 20 feet of extremely resistant rock, <a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">rhyolite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 26">: 26 </span></sup> Related sites are: <a href="/wiki/Castlewood_Canyon_State_Park" title="Castlewood Canyon State Park">Castlewood Canyon State Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molly_Brown_House" title="Molly Brown House">Molly Brown House</a> Museum, Rocks Park and mesa tops between <a href="/wiki/Castle_Rock,_Colorado" title="Castle Rock, Colorado">Castle Rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monument_Hill_(Colorado)" title="Monument Hill (Colorado)">Monument Hill</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="White_River_Formation"><a href="/wiki/White_River_Formation" title="White River Formation">White River Formation</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: White River Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:White_River_Formation_Exposure,_Weld_County,_CO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/White_River_Formation_Exposure%2C_Weld_County%2C_CO.jpg/220px-White_River_Formation_Exposure%2C_Weld_County%2C_CO.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/White_River_Formation_Exposure%2C_Weld_County%2C_CO.jpg/330px-White_River_Formation_Exposure%2C_Weld_County%2C_CO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/White_River_Formation_Exposure%2C_Weld_County%2C_CO.jpg/440px-White_River_Formation_Exposure%2C_Weld_County%2C_CO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3714" data-file-height="2708" /></a><figcaption>Sedimentary rock exposure of the White River Formation in Weld County, Colorado.</figcaption></figure> <p>The White River Formation is found in the Northeastern corner of the Colorado, and was deposited between ~37.2 and ~30.8 Ma, encompassing parts of the late <a href="/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene">Eocene</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Oligocene" title="Oligocene">Oligocene</a>. The formation is composed primarily of <a href="/wiki/Claystones" class="mw-redirect" title="Claystones">claystones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mudstone" title="Mudstone">mudstones</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Siltstone" title="Siltstone">siltstones</a>, within which a variety of fossil organisms, collectively referred to as the <a href="/wiki/White_River_Fauna" title="White River Fauna">White River fauna</a>, can be found. The fossil assemblage of the formation includes tortoises, alligators, predatory birds, <a href="/wiki/Odd-toed_ungulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Odd-toed ungulate">Perissodactyls</a> such as primitive <a href="/wiki/Equidae" title="Equidae">horses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros" title="Rhinoceros">rhinoceroses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entelodont" class="mw-redirect" title="Entelodont">Entelodonts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nimravidae" title="Nimravidae">Nimravids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Even-toed_ungulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Even-toed ungulate">Artiodactyls</a>, and other mammals. The paleoenvironment of the formation has been interpreted as being composed of expansive savannah-woodlands and plains, occasionally interrupted by meandering rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Castle_Rock_conglomerate"><a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(geology)" title="Conglomerate (geology)">Castle Rock conglomerate</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Castle Rock conglomerate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg/150px-Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg/225px-Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg/300px-Castlewood_Dam_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Castle Rock conglomerate was formed 16,000 – 34 million years ago. However, as seen before, life rebounds, and after a few million years mass floods cut through the rhyolite and eroded much of it as plants and animals began to recolonize the landscape. The mass flooding and erosion of the volcanic rock gave way to the Castle Rock Conglomerate that can be found in the Front Range. About 10 million years ago, the Front Range began to rise up again and the resistant granite in the heart of the mountains thrust upwards and stood tall, while the weaker sediments deposited above it eroded away.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 28">: 28 </span></sup> Related sites: <a href="/wiki/Castlewood_Canyon_State_Park" title="Castlewood Canyon State Park">Castlewood Canyon State Park</a>, Rocks Park </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Quaternary_sediments"><a href="/wiki/Quaternary" title="Quaternary">Quaternary sediments</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Quaternary sediments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Quaternary" title="Quaternary">Quaternary</a> Sediments were formed during the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> period, or Ice Age Summer, 11,000-16,000 years ago. As the Front Range rose, streams and recent (16,000 years ago) glaciations during the <a href="/wiki/Quaternary" title="Quaternary">Quaternary</a> age literally unburied the range by cutting through the weaker sediment, creating mesa tops and alluvial plains, and giving rise to the present Rocky Mountains. The receding glaciers and warming into an Ice Age summer created a climate suitable to <a href="/wiki/Camelops" title="Camelops">camelops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mastodon" title="Mastodon">mastodon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mammoth" title="Mammoth">mammoth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bison_antiquus" title="Bison antiquus">bison antiquus</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">megafauna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 30">: 30 </span></sup> Related sites: Carson Nature Center, Highlands Ranch Open Space, Sand Creek Drainage, South Platte Park </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paleoclimatology">Paleoclimatology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Paleoclimatology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Paleoclimatology" title="Paleoclimatology">Paleoclimatology</a> is the study of prehistoric weather. The <a href="/wiki/Eemian" class="mw-redirect" title="Eemian">Eemian</a> <a href="/wiki/Interglacial_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Interglacial period">interglacial period</a> spanned 130,000–114,000 BP. The <a href="/wiki/Laurentide_Ice_Sheet" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurentide Ice Sheet">Laurentide Ice Sheet</a> covered much of Canada and the northern United States from ca. 95,000 and ca. 20,000 years before present. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All_palaeotemps.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/All_palaeotemps.png/500px-All_palaeotemps.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/All_palaeotemps.png/750px-All_palaeotemps.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/All_palaeotemps.png/1000px-All_palaeotemps.png 2x" data-file-width="1753" data-file-height="565" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecosystems">Ecosystems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Ecosystems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg/250px-Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg/375px-Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg/500px-Beulah_southface-mountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Beulah,_Colorado" title="Beulah, Colorado">Beulah, Colorado</a> – Montane grasslands</figcaption></figure> <p>Colorado has one of the most diverse plant and animal environments of the United States, partially born from the dramatic temperature changes due to elevation changes and topography. The difference in elevation from the lowest ecosystems to the peaks of the Rocky Mountains is 12,000 feet. In dry climates, the <a href="/wiki/Lapse_rate" title="Lapse rate">average temperature drops</a> 5.4 degrees Fahrenheit with every 1,000 foot increase in elevation (9.8 degrees Celsius per 1,000 meters). The mountains receive the most precipitation, which the lower altitude zones on the eastern and westernmost side of the state are semi-arid, receiving comparatively little precipitation.<sup id="cite_ref-KruegerMeaney_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KruegerMeaney-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 10–13">: 10–13 </span></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Denver_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science" title="Denver Museum of Nature and Science">Denver Museum of Nature and Science</a> developed an eight-zone classification of ecosystems, defined primarily by the most present dominant plant life:<sup id="cite_ref-KruegerMeaney_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KruegerMeaney-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 17">: 17 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">Grasslands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">Semidesert</a> <a href="/wiki/Shrubland" title="Shrubland">Shrubland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Pygmy forest">Pinyon-Juniper Woodland (Pygmy forests)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riparian_zone" title="Riparian zone">Riparian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montane_grasslands_and_shrublands" title="Montane grasslands and shrublands">Montane Shrubland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montane" class="mw-redirect" title="Montane">Montane Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subalpine_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Subalpine zone">Subalpine Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_line" title="Tree line">Treeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_tundra" title="Alpine tundra">Alpine Tundra</a></li></ul> <p>Since the <a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> eon, the land forms have lifted, receded and have been eroded; global temperature has vacillated from tropical to ice age,<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1–2">: 1–2 </span></sup> which significantly affected the number and type of ecosystems and what animal and plant life flourished during each geological period.<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6–32">: 6–32 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prehistoric_people">Prehistoric people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Prehistoric people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paleo-Indian_period">Paleo-Indian period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Paleo-Indian period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The period immediately preceding the first humans coming into Colorado was the <a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period" title="Last Glacial Period">Ice Age</a> Summer starting about 16,000 years ago. For the next five thousand years the landscape would change dramatically and most of the large animals would become extinct. Receding and melting glaciers created the Plum and Monument Creeks, the Castle Rock mesas and unburied the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>. Large mammals, such as the <a href="/wiki/Mastodon" title="Mastodon">mastodon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mammoth" title="Mammoth">mammoth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">camels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eremotherium" title="Eremotherium">giant sloths</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">cheetah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bison_antiquus" title="Bison antiquus">bison antiquus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">horses</a> roamed the land.<sup id="cite_ref-Waldman_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waldman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 5">: 5 </span></sup> </p><p>Sites for the early Paleo-Indian period are found on the plains (eastern half of the state), but later in the period, there are sites found in both the mountains and plains of Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg/220px-Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg/330px-Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg/440px-Mammuthus_columbi_Sergiodlarosa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="723" /></a><figcaption>Restoration of a Columbian Mammoth</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pre-Clovis_culture">Pre-Clovis culture</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Pre-Clovis culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pre-Clovis period is defined by Paleo-Indian hunting before the use of <a href="/wiki/Clovis_points" class="mw-redirect" title="Clovis points">Clovis points</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 53–54">: 53–54 </span></sup> An example is <a href="/wiki/Lamb_Spring" title="Lamb Spring">Lamb Spring</a> in Littleton, with mammoth bones dated 14,140 to 12,140 years ago and hunting by use of stone tools other than Clovis points. Other examples include Dutton and Selby in the far eastern edge of Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 54–57">: 54–57 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Clovis_culture"><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Clovis culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were a few Paleo-Indian cultures, distinctive by the size of the tools they used and the animals they hunted. People in the first Clovis complex period had large tools to hunt the <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">megafauna</a> animals of the early Paleo-Indian period.<sup id="cite_ref-Waldman_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waldman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 5">: 5 </span></sup> A key <a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a> site is the <a href="/wiki/Dent_site" title="Dent site">Dent site</a> discovered in 1932 in <a href="/wiki/Weld_County,_Colorado" title="Weld County, Colorado">Weld County</a>, the first site to provide evidence that men and mammoth co-existed, and that man hunted mammoth on the North American continent.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 58–67">: 58–67 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muybridge_Buffalo_galloping.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Muybridge_Buffalo_galloping.gif/220px-Muybridge_Buffalo_galloping.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Muybridge_Buffalo_galloping.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="138" /></a><figcaption>A group of images by <a href="/wiki/Eadweard_Muybridge" title="Eadweard Muybridge">Eadweard Muybridge</a>, set to motion to illustrate the movement of the bison</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Folsom_culture"><a href="/wiki/Folsom_tradition" title="Folsom tradition">Folsom culture</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Folsom culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With time, the climate warmed again and lakes and savannas receded. The land became drier, food became less abundant, and as a result many of the giant mammals became extinct. People adapted by hunting bison and smaller mammals and gathering wild plants to supplement their diet.<sup id="cite_ref-Griffin-Pierce130_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffin-Pierce130-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new cultural complex was born, the Folsom tradition,<sup id="cite_ref-JR_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 30">: 30 </span></sup> with smaller projectile points to hunt smaller animals.<sup id="cite_ref-Waldman_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waldman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 5">: 5 </span></sup> Aside from hunting smaller mammals, people adapted by gathering wild plants to supplement their diet.<sup id="cite_ref-Griffin-Pierce130_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffin-Pierce130-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of the Folsom tradition in Colorado are the <a href="/wiki/Lindenmeier_site" title="Lindenmeier site">Lindenmeier site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olsen-Chubbuck_Bison_Kill_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Olsen-Chubbuck Bison Kill Site">Olsen-Chubbuck Bison Kill Site</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jones-Miller_Bison_Kill_Site" title="Jones-Miller Bison Kill Site">Jones-Miller Bison Kill Sites</a>. Aside from other sites on the Plains, there are also Folsom sites in <a href="/wiki/Middle_Park_(Colorado_basin)" title="Middle Park (Colorado basin)">Middle Park</a> and the <a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Valley" title="San Luis Valley">San Luis Valley</a> of Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 70–78">: 70–78 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Plano_cultures"><a href="/wiki/Plano_cultures" title="Plano cultures">Plano cultures</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Plano cultures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Plano cultures existed from about 10,000 to 7000 BC and are distinguished by their use of long, <a href="/wiki/Lanceolate" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanceolate">lanceolate</a> and unfluted blades. Some of the best documented Plano sites are located in Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 79">: 79 </span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cody_complex" title="Cody complex">Cody complex</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Plano_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Plano culture">Plano culture</a> that used unfluted projectile points and other tools like the Folsom and Clovis cultures from about 9000 to 7000 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 82–83">: 82–83 </span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Olsen-Chubbuck_Bison_Kill_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Olsen-Chubbuck Bison Kill Site">Olsen-Chubbuck Bison Kill Site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jurgens_Site" title="Jurgens Site">Jurgens Site</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lamb_Spring" title="Lamb Spring">Lamb Spring</a> are Cody complex sites. <a href="/wiki/Hell_Gap_complex" title="Hell Gap complex">Hell Gap complex</a>, also a <a href="/wiki/Plano_cultures" title="Plano cultures">Plano culture</a>, from 10,060 to 9600 before present (roughly 8050 to 7590 BC) was named for the <a href="/wiki/Hell_Gap_archaeological_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Hell Gap archaeological site">Hell Gap</a>, Wyoming <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_site" title="Archaeological site">archaeological site</a>. It is distinguished by its long stemmed, convex and unfluted Hell Gap points. <a href="/wiki/Jones-Miller_Bison_Kill_Site" title="Jones-Miller Bison Kill Site">Jones-Miller Bison Kill Site</a> is the only Hell Gap location in Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 79">: 79 </span></sup> </p><p>Other Paleo-Indian sites are <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park_Archaeological_District" title="Roxborough State Park Archaeological District">Roxborough State Park Archaeological District</a> and, with artifacts from the <a href="/wiki/Goshen_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Goshen complex">Goshen complex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plainview_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Plainview complex">Plainview complex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillips-Williams_Fork_Reservoir_Site" title="Phillips-Williams Fork Reservoir Site">Phillips-Williams Fork Reservoir Site</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archaic_period">Archaic period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Archaic period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Archaic period began about 7,000 years ago. The <a href="/wiki/Bison_antiquus" title="Bison antiquus">bison antiquus</a> had become extinct, like the other <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">megafauna</a>, and people became reliant on smaller game, such as <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pronghorn" title="Pronghorn">antelope</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rabbit" title="Rabbit">rabbits</a>, and gathering wild plants. Their tool kits became larger, with greater reliance on <a href="/wiki/Mano_(stone)" title="Mano (stone)">manos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metate" title="Metate">metates</a> to grind food and changes in weapons for hunting, such as notched <a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">projectile points</a>. They used plant fibers to make cordage, nets or traps to catch small animals and baskets to gather food. </p><p>The people moved seasonally to hunting and gathering sites. They lived in <a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">rock shelters</a>, such as south-facing shelters that were warm in the winter and cool in the summer, and open air campsites. Archaic people roamed the plains and the mountains, although hunting and gathering sufficient food to feed the band of people was more difficult in the higher altitude ecological climates. Late in the Archaic period, about AD 200 to 500, corn was introduced into the diet and pottery-making became an occupation for storing and carrying food.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 95–99">: 95–99 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Apex_complex"><a href="/wiki/Apex_complex" title="Apex complex">Apex complex</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Apex complex"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apex complex is a cultural tradition of the Middle <a href="/wiki/Archaic_period_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic period in the Americas">Archaic</a> period, distinguished by Apex <a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">projectile points</a> dated from about 3000 to 500 BC. The <a href="/wiki/Type_site" title="Type site">type site</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Magic_Mountain_site" title="Magic Mountain site">Magic Mountain site</a> near Apex Creek. The Irwins, archaeologists at Magic Mountain, believe that the artifacts are from ancestors of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Pueblo_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Pueblo People">Puebloan people</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_southwest" class="mw-redirect" title="American southwest">American southwest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 33–34">: 33–34 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Archaic–Early_Basketmaker_Era"><span id="Archaic.E2.80.93Early_Basketmaker_Era"></span><a href="/wiki/Archaic%E2%80%93Early_Basketmaker_Era" title="Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era">Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era (7000–1500 BC) was an cultural period of ancestors to the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Pueblo_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Pueblo People">Ancient Pueblo People</a>, represented in Colorado only in the southwestern past of the state. They were distinguished from other <a href="/wiki/Archaic_Southwest" title="Archaic Southwest">Archaic people of the Southwest</a> by their basketry which was used to gather and store food. They became reliant on wild seeds, grasses, nuts and fruit for food and changed their movement patterns and lifestyle by maximizing the edible wild food and small game within a geographical region. Manos and <a href="/wiki/Metate" title="Metate">metates</a> began to be used to process seeds and nuts. With the extinction of <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">megafauna</a>, hunters adapted their tools, using spears with smaller projectile points and then <a href="/wiki/Atlatl" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlatl">atlatl</a> and darts. They lived in simple dwellings made of wood, brush and earth.<sup id="cite_ref-CC-Overview_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-Overview-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TL-29and30_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TL-29and30-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CC-AEB_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-AEB-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CC-AH_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-AH-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mount_Albion_complex"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Albion_complex" title="Mount Albion complex">Mount Albion complex</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Mount Albion complex"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mount Albion complex was an early Archaic culture (about 4050 to 3050 BC), distinguished by the Mount Albion corner-notched projectile. It is the best known early Archaic culture in Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-Gibbon_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibbon-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: xlvii, 11, 488">: xlvii, 11, 488 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson28_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson28-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hungry_Whistler_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungry Whistler Site">Hungry Whistler Site</a>, a kill and butchering site, at 11,500 feet (3,500 m) is the <a href="/wiki/Type_site" title="Type site">type site</a> dated from about 3850 to 3060 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson28_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson28-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/LoDaisKa_site" title="LoDaisKa site">LoDaisKa site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magic_Mountain_site" title="Magic Mountain site">Magic Mountain site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown Cave</a> and Mount Albion are examples of the Mount Albion complex.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson28-29_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson28-29-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples of Archaic sites are <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Millennial_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado Millennial Site">Colorado Millennial Site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/LoDaisKa_site" title="LoDaisKa site">LoDaisKa site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magic_Mountain_site" title="Magic Mountain site">Magic Mountain site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Picture_Canyon_(Colorado)" title="Picture Canyon (Colorado)">Picture Canyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park_Archaeological_District" title="Roxborough State Park Archaeological District">Roxborough State Park Archaeological District</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trinchera_Cave_Archeological_District" title="Trinchera Cave Archeological District">Trinchera Cave Archeological District</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Riogranderivermap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Riogranderivermap.png/150px-Riogranderivermap.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Riogranderivermap.png/225px-Riogranderivermap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Riogranderivermap.png/300px-Riogranderivermap.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1181" /></a><figcaption>The Rio Grande region</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Archaic">Post-Archaic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Post-Archaic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hunter-gatherer_cultures">Hunter-gatherer cultures</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Hunter-gatherer cultures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Apishapa_phase"><a href="/wiki/Apishapa_culture" title="Apishapa culture">Apishapa phase</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Apishapa phase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apishapa phase was first identified in the Lower Apishapa canyon and is distinguished by stone or slab constructed structures, cord-wrapped pottery and small projectile points. They were a tradition of <a href="/wiki/Hunter_gatherer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunter gatherer">hunter gatherers</a> who sometimes farmed and lived in northern New Mexico or southern Colorado in rockshelters, single or multi-room stone or slab structures or in campsites.<sup id="cite_ref-Gibbon_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibbon-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4">: 4 </span></sup> There are at least 68 Apishapa sites on the Chaquaqua Plateau in southeastern Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 89">: 89 </span></sup> Some sites where Apishapa archaeological evidence has been found include <a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Picture_Canyon_(Colorado)" title="Picture Canyon (Colorado)">Picture Canyon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trinchera_Cave_Archeological_District" title="Trinchera Cave Archeological District">Trinchera Cave Archeological District</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Dismal_River_culture"><a href="/wiki/Dismal_River_culture" title="Dismal River culture">Dismal River culture</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Dismal River culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dismal River culture was first seen in the <a href="/wiki/Dismal_River_(Nebraska)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dismal River (Nebraska)">Dismal River</a> area of Nebraska. Dated between AD 1650 and 1750, it is different than other prehistoric <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Central Plains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Woodland_period" title="Woodland period">Woodland</a> traditions of the western Plains. The people were hunter-gatherers who also cultivated food and make their own distinctive Dismal River pottery. Dismal River villages often had 15-20 round dwellings roughly 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. <a href="/wiki/Plains_Apache" title="Plains Apache">Plains Apache</a> were linked to the culture.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 234, 236">: 234, 236 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gibbon_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibbon-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 212, 213, 768">: 212, 213, 768 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NS-DRC_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NS-DRC-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Colorado sites include <a href="/wiki/Cedar_Point_Village" title="Cedar Point Village">Cedar Point Village</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown Cave</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Panhandle_culture"><a href="/wiki/Panhandle_culture" title="Panhandle culture">Panhandle culture</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Panhandle culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panhandle culture (AD 1200 to 1400) is a culture of the southern High Plains, primarily located in the <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Panhandle" class="mw-redirect" title="Oklahoma Panhandle">panhandle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">west central Oklahoma</a> and the northern half of the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Panhandle" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Panhandle">Texas Panhandle</a>. Most of the sites are centered around the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_River" title="Canadian River">Canadian River</a> or its tributaries, primarily Antelope Creek and also Cottonwood Creek, Dixon Creek, Tarbox Creek and also on the Archie King Ranch. Distinguishing characteristics of the Panhandle culture are: great similarity to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Central Plains</a> complexes; some evidence of trading or influence of <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a> <a href="/wiki/Puebloan_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Puebloan peoples">pueblo cultures</a>; and single or multi-roomed stone structures.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 87">: 87 </span></sup> For Colorado sites, see <a href="/wiki/Trinchera_Cave_Archeological_District" title="Trinchera Cave Archeological District">Trinchera Cave Archeological District</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Apishapa_culture" title="Apishapa culture">Apishapa culture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sopris_phase" title="Sopris phase">Sopris phase</a> articles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Sopris_phase"><a href="/wiki/Sopris_phase" title="Sopris phase">Sopris phase</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Sopris phase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sopris phase (AD 1000 to 1250) was first found in southeastern Colorado, near the present town of Trinidad. Although the culture appeared to have been greatly influenced by pueblo people, such as the <a href="/wiki/Taos_Pueblo" title="Taos Pueblo">Taos Pueblo</a> and trade in the Upper Rio Grande, the Sopris culture was generally a <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherer</a> tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 94–95">: 94–95 </span></sup> See <a href="/wiki/Trinchera_Cave_Archeological_District" title="Trinchera Cave Archeological District">Trinchera Cave Archeological District</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Plains_Woodland">Plains Woodland</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Plains Woodland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Plains Woodland period, or Ceramic period, began in the Plains about AD 1 with the defining distinction of the creation of cordwrapped pottery, development of settlement areas, and use of smaller projectile points for hunting smaller game or bow and arrow technology.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunnerson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 41">: 41 </span></sup> Sites include <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Millennial_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado Millennial Site">Colorado Millennial Site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/LoDaisKa_site" title="LoDaisKa site">LoDaisKa site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magic_Mountain_site" title="Magic Mountain site">Magic Mountain site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Picture_Canyon_(Colorado)" title="Picture Canyon (Colorado)">Picture Canyon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park_Archaeological_District" title="Roxborough State Park Archaeological District">Roxborough State Park Archaeological District</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Basketmaker_and_Ancient_Puebloan_people_(southwestern_Colorado)"><span id="Basketmaker_and_Ancient_Puebloan_people_.28southwestern_Colorado.29"></span>Basketmaker and Ancient Puebloan people (southwestern Colorado)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Basketmaker and Ancient Puebloan people (southwestern Colorado)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_Puebloans" title="Ancestral Puebloans">Ancestral Puebloan</a> periods</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg/150px-USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg/225px-USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg/300px-USA_09669_Taos_Pueblo_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Archaic%E2%80%93Early_Basketmaker_Era" title="Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era">Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era</a><br />7000–1500 BCE</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Early_Basketmaker_II_Era" title="Early Basketmaker II Era">Early Basketmaker II Era</a> <br />1500 BCE–50 CE</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Late_Basketmaker_II_Era" title="Late Basketmaker II Era">Late Basketmaker II Era</a> <br />50–500</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Basketmaker_III_Era" title="Basketmaker III Era">Basketmaker III Era</a><br />500–750</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_I_Period" title="Pueblo I Period">Pueblo I Period</a><br />750–900</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_II_Period" title="Pueblo II Period">Pueblo II Period</a><br />900–1150</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_III_Period" title="Pueblo III Period">Pueblo III Period</a><br />1150–1350</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_IV_Period" title="Pueblo IV Period">Pueblo IV Period</a><br />1350–1600</td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_V_Period" title="Pueblo V Period">Pueblo V Period</a><br />1600–present</td> </tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Early_Basketmaker_II_Era"><a href="/wiki/Early_Basketmaker_II_Era" title="Early Basketmaker II Era">Early Basketmaker II Era</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Early Basketmaker II Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Early Basketmaker II Era (1500 BC to AD 50) was the first Post-<a href="/wiki/Archaic_period_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic period of the Americas">Archaic</a> cultural period of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Pueblo_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Pueblo People">Ancient Pueblo People</a>. The era began with the cultivation of <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a> in the northern <a href="/wiki/American_southwest" class="mw-redirect" title="American southwest">American southwest</a>, although there was not a dependence upon agriculture until about 500 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-NUA-BMII_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NUA-BMII-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They were named "Basketmakers" for their skill in making baskets for storing food, covering with pitch to heat water, and using to toast seeds and nuts. They wove bags, sandals, and belts out of yucca plants and leaves, and strung beads. They occasionally lived in dry caves where they dug pits and lined with stones to store food.<sup id="cite_ref-Wenger_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wenger-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 27–30">: 27–30 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RohnFerguson148_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RohnFerguson148-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Late_Basketmaker_II_Era"><a href="/wiki/Late_Basketmaker_II_Era" title="Late Basketmaker II Era">Late Basketmaker II Era</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Late Basketmaker II Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Late Basketmaker II Era (AD 50 to 500), people living in the <a href="/wiki/Four_Corners" title="Four Corners">Four Corners</a> region were introduced to <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">basketry</a> through <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerican</a> trading. Able to have greater control of their diet through cultivation, the hunter-gatherers lifestyle became more sedentary as small disperse groups began cultivating maize and squash. They also continued to hunt and gather wild plants.<sup id="cite_ref-Wenger_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wenger-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 27–30">: 27–30 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Basketmaker_III_Era"><a href="/wiki/Basketmaker_III_Era" title="Basketmaker III Era">Basketmaker III Era</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Basketmaker III Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The next era, Basketmaker III Era (AD 500 to 750) resulted in the introduction of pottery which reduced the number of baskets that they made and eliminated the creation of woven bags. The simple, gray pottery allowed them a better tool for cooking and storage. Beans were added to the cultivated diet. Bows and arrows made hunting easier and thus the acquisition of hides for clothing. Turkey feathers were woven into blankets and robes. On the rim of Mesa Verde, small groups built pit houses which were built several feet below the surface with elements suggestive of the introduction of celebration rituals.<sup id="cite_ref-Wenger_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wenger-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 33–37">: 33–37 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pueblo_I_Era"><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_I_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo I Era">Pueblo I Era</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Pueblo I Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pueblo buildings were built during the Pueblo I Era (AD 750 to 900) with stone, wooden posts, and adobe. The buildings were located more closely together and reflected deepening religious celebration. Towers were built near kivas and likely used for look-outs. Pottery became more versatile, not just for cooking, but now included pitchers, ladles, bowls, jars and dishware for food and drink. White pottery with black designs emerged, the pigments coming from plants. Water management and conservation techniques, including the use of reservoirs and silt-retaining dams also emerged during this period.<sup id="cite_ref-Wenger_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wenger-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 39–45">: 39–45 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pueblo_II_Era"><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_II_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo II Era">Pueblo II Era</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Pueblo II Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Pueblo II period (AD 900 to 1150) there was an increase in population that resulted in creation of more than 10,000 sites in 150 years. Since much of the land was arid, the people supplemented their diet by hunting, foraging and trading pottery for food.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the period, there were two-story dwellings made primarily of stone masonry, the presence of towers, and family and community kivas.<sup id="cite_ref-Wenger_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wenger-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 39–45">: 39–45 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CC-PP_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-PP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MVE-16_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MVE-16-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pueblo_III_Era"><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_III_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo III Era">Pueblo III Era</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Pueblo III Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rohn and Ferguson, authors of <i>Puebloan ruins of the Southwest</i>, state that during the Pueblo III period (AD 1150 to 1300) there was a significant community change. Moving in from dispersed farmsteads into community centers at pueblos canyon heads or cliff dwellings on canyon shelves. Population peaked between 1200 and 1250 to more than 20,000 in the <a href="/wiki/Mesa_Verde_region" title="Mesa Verde region">Mesa Verde region</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CC-PIII_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-PIII-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1300 Ancient Pueblo People abandoned their settlements, as the result of climate changes and food shortage, and migrated south to villages in Arizona and New Mexico,<sup id="cite_ref-CC-PIII_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-PIII-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where people lived through the <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_IV_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo IV Era">Pueblo IV Era</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_V_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo V Era">Pueblo V Era</a>, with the life of modern <a href="/wiki/Puebloan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Puebloan people">Puebloan people</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_prehistoric_Native_Americans">Late prehistoric Native Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Late prehistoric Native Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apachean_ca.18-century.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Apachean_ca.18-century.png/250px-Apachean_ca.18-century.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Apachean_ca.18-century.png/375px-Apachean_ca.18-century.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Apachean_ca.18-century.png/500px-Apachean_ca.18-century.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption>Apachean tribes ca. 18th century: WA – <a href="/wiki/Western_Apache" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Apache">Western Apache</a>, N – <a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a>, Ch – <a href="/wiki/Chiricahua" title="Chiricahua">Chiricahua</a>, M – <a href="/wiki/Mescalero" title="Mescalero">Mescalero</a>, J – <a href="/wiki/Jicarilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Jicarilla">Jicarilla</a>, L – <a href="/wiki/Lipan_Apache_people" title="Lipan Apache people">Lipan</a>, Pl – <a href="/wiki/Plains_Apache" title="Plains Apache">Plains Apache</a></figcaption></figure><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png/250px-NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png/375px-NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png/500px-NSRW_Natives_of_North_America.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="872" /></a><figcaption>Natives of North (1st row) America Inuit of Labrador, Inuit woman of Greenland, <a href="/wiki/Apache" title="Apache">Apache</a>, (2nd row) <a href="/wiki/Navajo_Nation" title="Navajo Nation">Navajo</a>, Koskimo woman of Vancouver, <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne" title="Cheyenne">Cheyenne</a>, (3rd row) Mandan, <a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute</a>, Blackfoot, (4th row) Woman Moki chief, Nez Percé, Wichita woman</figcaption></figure> <p>After AD 1300, <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherers</a>, ancestors of the <a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a>, moved into the southwestern <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> and southeastern <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> and came to inhabit the region.<sup id="cite_ref-CC-PostPueblo_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-PostPueblo-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ute arrived in Colorado by the 1600s and occupied much of the present state of Colorado. They were followed by the Comanches from the south in the 1700s, and then the Arapaho and Cheyenne from the plains who then dominated the plains of Colorado. The Cheyenne, Arapaho and Comanche were the largest group of indigenous people in Colorado at the time of contact with settlers.<sup id="cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNC-IC-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Native_American_people">Native American people</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Native American people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Apache"><a href="/wiki/Apache" title="Apache">Apache</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Apache"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Apache presence in Colorado includes the <a href="/wiki/Jicarilla_Apache" title="Jicarilla Apache">Jicarilla Apache</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dismal_River_culture" title="Dismal River culture">Dismal River cultures</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Jicarilla_Apache" title="Jicarilla Apache">Jicarilla Apaches</a> are one of the <a href="/wiki/Athabaskan_languages" title="Athabaskan languages">Athabaskan linguistic</a> groups that migrated out of Canada, by 1525 CE,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lived in what they considered their land bounded by four sacred Rivers in northern <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> and southern <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pecos_River" title="Pecos River">Pecos River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_River" title="Canadian River">Canadian River</a> containing sacred mountain peaks and ranges. They also ranged out into the plains of northwestern <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and the western portions of <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>. The Jicarilla Apache were hunter-gatherers, hunting primarily buffalo through the 17th century and thereafter added smaller game to their diet. Women gathered berries, agave, honey, onions, potatoes, nuts and seeds. Some bands practiced seasonal <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> along the upper <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a>, cultivating squash, beans, pumpkins, melons, peas, wheat, and corn.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VelardeTiller28_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VelardeTiller28-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Arapaho"><a href="/wiki/Arapaho" title="Arapaho">Arapaho</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Arapaho"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is unclear how and when the Arapaho entered the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a>, they most likely lived in <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a> before entering the Plains. Before European expansion into the area, the Arapahos were living on the plains in South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming, and Kansas. They were close allies of the <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne" title="Cheyenne">Cheyenne</a>. In winter, the tribe split up into camps sheltered in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains in present-day Colorado. In late spring they moved out onto the Plains into large camps to hunt buffalo gathering for the birthing season. In mid-summer Arapahos traveled into the Parks region of Colorado to hunt mountain herds, returning onto the Plains in late summer to autumn for ceremonies and for collective hunts of herds gathering for the rutting season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Cheyenne"><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne" title="Cheyenne">Cheyenne</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Cheyenne"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cheyenne arrived in the Colorado area shortly after the Arapaho, spoke both of the <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_languages" title="Algonquian languages">Algonquian languages</a>, lived on the plains east of the Rocky Mountains with the Arapaho. The Cheyenne and Arapaho banded together against the Comanche, Kiowa, Shoshone and Ute.<sup id="cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNC-IC-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Comanche"><a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Comanche"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Comanche arrived in the Colorado area from the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a> and northern plains. They spoke a Shoshone language and by the time of contact with settlers were located in southeastern Colorado, south of the Arkansas River. To the north of the river were the Arapaho and Cheyenne. Allied with the Ute, they fought against the Apache. Their limited archaeological artifacts include a flat-bottomed pottery known as Intermountain tradition or Shooshonean pottery, like the ceramics found at Graever Cave and Roberts Buffalo Jump.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 244–248">: 244–248 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNC-IC-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Navajo"><a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Navajo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ancestors to the Navajo were one of the tribes of the southern division of the <a href="/wiki/Athabaskan_languages" title="Athabaskan languages">Athabaskan</a> language family that migrated south from Alaska and northwestern Canada, most likely traveling through the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Navajo ancestors were in the area after AD 1300, but at least by the early 1500s.<sup id="cite_ref-CC-PostPueblo_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-PostPueblo-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pawnee"><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_people" title="Pawnee people">Pawnee</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Pawnee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pawnee ranged through the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> and were first documented by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Coronado" title="Francisco Vázquez de Coronado">Francisco Vázquez de Coronado</a> when he met a Pawnee chief from Nebraska in 1541. Regarding Colorado, they hunted bison on plains of eastern Colorado.<sup id="cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNC-IC-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Ute"><a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute</a></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Ute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ute tribal ancestors migrated east from California in the 12th century. Before the 17th century, more of these indigenous people migrated from across both the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> to occupy most of Colorado; more places occupied by the Ute tribe were northern New Mexico, Wyoming and Arizona .<sup id="cite_ref-CC-PostPueblo_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-PostPueblo-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNC-IC-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-southernute-nsn.gov_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-southernute-nsn.gov-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ute also stand as the oldest inhabitants of Colorado at the time of European contact, who chose a variety of locations for camps and routes; such as the Ute trail in the forest of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Mesa" title="Grand Mesa">Grand Mesa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-southernute-nsn.gov_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-southernute-nsn.gov-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The language spoken by this tribe is a certain dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Uto-Aztecan_languages" title="Uto-Aztecan languages">Ute-Aztecan</a> language, <a href="/wiki/Shoshonean_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoshonean language">Shoshonean</a>. it is generally believed that the migration of the Ute was in part an effort to separate themselves from other Shoshonean speaking tribes, such as <a href="/wiki/Fort_Hall_Indian_Reservation" title="Fort Hall Indian Reservation">Shoshone Bannock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paiute" title="Paiute">Paiute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goshute_Indian_Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Goshute Indian Reservation">Goshute</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chemehuevi" title="Chemehuevi">Chemehuevi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-southernute-nsn.gov_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-southernute-nsn.gov-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>The <a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute</a> are the only Native American group with reservations in Colorado. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ute_Indian_Reservation" title="Southern Ute Indian Reservation">Southern Ute Indian Reservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Mountain_Ute_Tribe" title="Ute Mountain Ute Tribe">Ute Mountain Ute Tribe</a> and Reservation</li></ul></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Occupation_sequences">Occupation sequences</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Occupation sequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>About AD 1700, the Ute and Apache shared the present state of Colorado, the Ute primarily and steadfastly in the Rocky Mountains and west and the Apache on the eastern plains. The Comanche entered the eastern half of Colorado early in the 1700s and with the Ute pressed the Apache to the southeastern portion of Colorado between about 1700–1750. By about 1820 the Comanche territory was the eastern part of the state. Between about 1820 and 1830 the Arapaho and Cheyenne, who had arrived from the northeast, pressed down the eastern side of Colorado pressuring the Comanche to the south, below the Arkansas River.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassells_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 249">: 249 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #777799 1px;margin:0.2em 0 0.2em 0.2em;"> <table style="background:#FFFFFE;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%;max-width:200px;"> <tbody><tr style="height:24px;"><td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/27px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/40px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/53px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span></td><td style="padding:0 0.2em;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History<br />portal</a></b></td></tr><tr style="height:24px;"><td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/24px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/36px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/48px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span></td><td style="padding:0 0.2em;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:North_America" title="Portal:North America">North America<br />portal</a></b></td></tr><tr style="height:24px;"><td style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="46" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/69px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/92px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></td><td style="padding:0 0.2em;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States<br />portal</a></b></td></tr><tr style="height:24px;"><td style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/36px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/54px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/72px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span></td><td style="padding:0 0.2em;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Colorado" title="Portal:Colorado">Colorado<br />portal</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History"><a href="/wiki/History" title="History">History</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Colorado" title="History of Colorado">History of Colorado</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_North_American_Southwest" title="Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest">Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prehistoric_sites_in_Colorado" title="List of prehistoric sites in Colorado">List of prehistoric sites in Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_territorial_claims_and_designations_in_Colorado" title="List of territorial claims and designations in Colorado">List of territorial claims and designations in Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Colorado_prehistory" title="Outline of Colorado prehistory">Outline of Colorado prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_migration_and_settlement_of_the_Americas_from_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric migration and settlement of the Americas from Asia">Prehistoric migration and settlement of the Americas from Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Southwestern_cultural_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric Southwestern cultural divisions">Prehistoric Southwestern cultural divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_archaeology" title="Southwestern archaeology">Southwestern archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Colorado_history" title="Timeline of Colorado history">Timeline of Colorado history</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colorado"><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Colorado"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Colorado" title="Bibliography of Colorado">Bibliography of Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_Arkansas_Valley_in_Colorado" title="Early history of the Arkansas Valley in Colorado">Early history of the Arkansas Valley in Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Colorado" title="Geology of Colorado">Geology of Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Colorado-related_articles" title="Index of Colorado-related articles">Index of Colorado-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Colorado" title="Outline of Colorado">Outline of Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontology_in_Colorado" title="Paleontology in Colorado">Paleontology in Colorado</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gadd1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gadd1_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGadd1995" class="citation book cs1">Gadd, Ben (1995). <i>Handbook of the Canadian Rockies</i>. Corax Press. pp. 76–93. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780969263111" title="Special:BookSources/9780969263111"><bdi>9780969263111</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+the+Canadian+Rockies&rft.pages=76-93&rft.pub=Corax+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780969263111&rft.aulast=Gadd&rft.aufirst=Ben&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrehistory+of+Colorado" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JR_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, Kirk R.; Raynolds, Robert G. (2006) <i>Ancient Denvers: Scenes from the Past 300 Million Years of the Colorado Front Range.</i> Fulcrum Publishing for Denver Museum of Nature and Science <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55591-554-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55591-554-X">1-55591-554-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lexicon-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lexicon_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLexicon_of_Canadian_Geologic_Units" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lexicon_of_Canadian_Geologic_Units" title="Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units">Lexicon of Canadian Geologic Units</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130112013046/http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005238">"Fox Hills Formation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgkn1.cgkn.net/weblex/weblex_litho_detail_e.pl?00053:005238">the original</a> on 2013-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fox+Hills+Formation&rft.au=Lexicon+of+Canadian+Geologic+Units&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcgkn1.cgkn.net%2Fweblex%2Fweblex_litho_detail_e.pl%3F00053%3A005238&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrehistory+of+Colorado" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eldridge1888-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eldridge1888_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eldridge, G.H., 1888, On some stratigraphical and structural features of the country about Denver, Colorado: Colorado. Scientific Society Proceedings, v. 3, pt. 1, p. 86 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shrobacarrara1996-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shrobacarrara1996_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shroba, R.R., and Carrara, P.E., 1996, Surficial geologic map of the Rocky Flats environmental technology site and vicinity, Jefferson and Boulder Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map, I 2526.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-king1876-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-king1876_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">King, C. 1876. Report of the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. U.S.Geographical and Geological Survey.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/909368973"><i>The White River Badlands : geology and paleontology</i></a>. Benton, Rachel,, Terry, Dennis O., 1965-, Evanoff, Emmett,, McDonald, H. Gregory (Hugh Gregory), 1951-. Bloomington. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-01608-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-01608-9"><bdi>978-0-253-01608-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/909368973">909368973</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+White+River+Badlands+%3A+geology+and+paleontology&rft.place=Bloomington&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F909368973&rft.isbn=978-0-253-01608-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F909368973&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrehistory+of+Colorado" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KruegerMeaney-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KruegerMeaney_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KruegerMeaney_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kruger, Fraces Alley; Meaney, Carron A. (1995). Explore Colorado: A Naturalist's Notebok. Photography by John Fielder. Englewood, Colorado: Westcliff Publishers and Denver Museum of Natural History. 1-56579-124-X.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waldman-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Waldman_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Waldman_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Waldman_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Waldman, Carl. (2009) [1985]. <i>Atlas of the North American.</i> New York:Facts on File. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6858-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6858-6">978-0-8160-6858-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stiger, Mark. (2001). <i>Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology of the Colorado High Country.</i> University Press of Colorado. p. 169. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87081-910-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87081-910-0">978-0-87081-910-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cassells-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassells_11-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cassells, E. Steve. (1997). <i>The Archeology of Colorado</i>, Revised Edition. Boulder, Colorado: Johnson Books. pp. 53-54. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55566-193-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-55566-193-9">1-55566-193-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Griffin-Pierce130-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Griffin-Pierce130_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Griffin-Pierce130_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Trudy_Griffin-Pierce" title="Trudy Griffin-Pierce">Griffin-Pierce, Trudy</a>. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XCvXZKFqZy8C&pg=PA130"><i>The Columbia Guide to American Indians of the Southwest</i>.</a> New York: Columbia University Press. p. 130 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12790-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12790-5">978-0-231-12790-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kipfer, Barbara Ann. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XneTstDbcC0C&pg=PA341"><i>Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology.</i></a> New York:Plenum Publisher. p. 341. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-306-46158-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-306-46158-7">0-306-46158-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunnerson-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunnerson, James H. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4PeWIDIGBBQC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37"><i>Archaeology of the High Plains.</i></a> Denver: United States Forest Service.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-Overview-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CC-Overview_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/archaic_overview.asp"><i>Archaic: 5500 to 500 B.C.- Overview.</i></a> Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. 2011. Retrieved 10-18-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TL-29and30-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TL-29and30_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Time-Life Book Editors. (1993) [1992] <i>The First Americans.</i> Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books. pp. 29, 30. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8094-9400-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8094-9400-0">0-8094-9400-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-AEB-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CC-AEB_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/chcu/historyculture/archaic-early-basketmaker-period.htm"><i>Archaic-Early Basketmaker Period.</i></a> Chaco Culture National Historical Park, National Park Service. Retrieved 10-15-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-AH-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CC-AH_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/archaic_housing.asp"><i>Archaic: 5500 to 500 B.C. – Housing</i></a> Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. Peoples of the Mesa Verde Region. 2011. Retrieved 10-17-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gibbon-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gibbon_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gibbon_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gibbon_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gibbon, Guy E., and Kenneth M. Ames. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_0u2y_SVnmoC"><i>Archaeology of Prehistoric Native America: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: Taylor and Francis, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8153-0725-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8153-0725-X">0-8153-0725-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunnerson28-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson28_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson28_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunnerson, James H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4PeWIDIGBBQC"><i>Archaeology of the High Plains</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">United States Forest Service</a>, 1987. p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunnerson28-29-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gunnerson28-29_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunnerson, James H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4PeWIDIGBBQC"><i>Archaeology of the High Plains</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">United States Forest Service</a>, 1987. p. 28-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NS-DRC-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NS-DRC_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0300/frameset_reset.html?http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0300/stories/0301_0102.html"><i>The Dismal River Culture.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315171010/http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0300/frameset_reset.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nebraskastudies.org%2F0300%2Fstories%2F0301_0102.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Nebraska Studies. Retrieved November 26, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NUA-BMII-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NUA-BMII_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/d-antlab/Soutwestern%20Arch/Anasazi/basketmaker2.htm"><i>Ancestral Pueblo – Basketmaker II</i>.</a> Anthropology Laboratories of Northern University of Arizona. Retrieved 10-14-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wenger-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wenger_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wenger_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wenger_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wenger_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wenger_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wenger, Gilbert R. (1991) [1980]. The Story of Mesa Verde National Park. Mesa Verde Museum Association, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-937062-15-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-937062-15-4">0-937062-15-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RohnFerguson148-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RohnFerguson148_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rohn, Ferguson p. 148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stuart, David E.; Moczygemba-McKinsey, Susan B. (2000) Anasazi America: Seventeen Centuries on the Road from Center Place. University of New Mexico Press. pp. 56-57. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8263-2179-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8263-2179-8">0-8263-2179-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-PP-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CC-PP_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/education/pueblo_indian_history.asp"><i>Pueblo Indian History.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008150152/http://www.crowcanyon.org/education/pueblo_indian_history.asp">Archived</a> 2011-10-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Crow_Canyon_Archaeological_Center" title="Crow Canyon Archaeological Center">Crow Canyon Archaeological Center</a>. Retrieved 10-9-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MVE-16-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MVE-16_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lancaster, James A.; Pinkley, Jean M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/archeology/2/sec2.htm"><i>Excavation at Site 16 of three Pueblo II Mesa-Top Ruins.</i></a> Archeological Excavations in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. National Park Service. May 19, 2008. Retrieved 10-9-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-PIII-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CC-PIII_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CC-PIII_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/pueblo_III_overview.asp"><i>Pueblo III – Overview.</i></a> Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. 2011. Retrieved 9-27-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-PostPueblo-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CC-PostPueblo_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CC-PostPueblo_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CC-PostPueblo_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/post_pueblo_overview.asp"><i>The Post-Pueblo Period: A.D. 1300 to Late 1700s.</i></a> Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. 2011. Retrieved 9-26-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNC-IC-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNC-IC_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hewit.unco.edu/dohist/teachers/essays/indians.htm"><i>Indians of Colorado.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111210171817/http://hewit.unco.edu/dohist/teachers/essays/indians.htm">Archived</a> 2011-12-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> The William E. Hewitt Institute for History and Social Science Education. University of Northern Colorado. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2816/m1/1/high_res_d/dissertation.pdf">"Spanish Relations with the Apache Nations east of the Rio Grande"</a>, Jeffrey D. Carlisle, B.S., M.A., University of North Texas, May 2001, pages 3, 45-46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2816/m1/1/high_res_d/dissertation.pdf">"Spanish Relations with the Apache Nations east of the Rio Grande"</a>, Jeffrey D. Carlisle, B.S., M.A., University of North Texas, May 2001, pages 4-5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VelardeTiller28-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VelardeTiller28_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Velarde Tiller, Veronica E. (2011) <i>Culture and Customs of the Apache Indians</i>. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood of ABC-CLIO. p. 28. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-36452-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-36452-5">978-0-313-36452-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pritzker, Barry M. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nQObO0Rzg1UC"><i>A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples</i>.</a> Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 12-14. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513877-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513877-1">978-0-19-513877-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greenwald, Emily. (2002). Reconfiguring the reservation: The Nez Perces, Jicarilla Apache and the Dawes Act. University of New Mexico Press. p. 97. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8263-2408-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8263-2408-8">0-8263-2408-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Center for Colorado authors. (April 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://coloradowest.auraria.edu/?q=node/110"><i>Colorado Native American Studies Resource Guide.</i></a> Center for Colorado, Auraria Library. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2816/m1/1/high_res_d/dissertation.pdf">"Spanish Relations with the Apache Nations east of the Rio Grande"</a>, Jeffrey D. Carlisle, B.S., M.A., University of North Texas. May 2001. pp. 3, 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/post_pueblo_what_tribe.asp"><i>What Other Indian Tribe is Related to the Navajo?</i></a> Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. 2011. Retrieved 9-26-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/post_pueblo_who_southern_utes.asp"><i>The Ute–Southern Paiute Connection.</i></a> Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. 2011. Retrieved 9-26-2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-southernute-nsn.gov-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-southernute-nsn.gov_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-southernute-nsn.gov_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-southernute-nsn.gov_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southernute-nsn.gov/history/">"History – Southern Ute Indian Tribe"</a>. <i>www.southernute-nsn.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.southernute-nsn.gov&rft.atitle=History+%E2%80%93+Southern+Ute+Indian+Tribe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.southernute-nsn.gov%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrehistory+of+Colorado" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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/></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Colorado" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Colorado">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Colorado" class="extiw" title="c:Colorado">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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title="s:Special:Search/Colorado">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Colorado" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Colorado">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Colorado" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Colorado">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Colorado" title="Bibliography of Colorado">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Colorado-related_articles" title="Index of Colorado-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Colorado" title="Outline of Colorado">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Colorado" title="Climate change in Colorado">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Colorado" title="List of colleges and universities in Colorado">Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Colorado" title="List of people from Colorado">Coloradans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Colorado" title="Elections in Colorado">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_lands_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federal lands in Colorado">Federal lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Colorado" title="Geography of Colorado">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Colorado" title="Government of Colorado">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Register of Historic Places in Colorado">Historic places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Colorado" title="History of Colorado">History</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Colorado" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Colorado">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_American_reservations_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Native American reservations in Colorado">Indian reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Colorado" title="Law of Colorado">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado-related_lists" title="List of Colorado-related lists">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_installations_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of military installations in Colorado">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_Colorado" title="List of mountain peaks of Colorado">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Colorado" title="List of municipalities in Colorado">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Colorado" title="List of museums in Colorado">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_forests_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national forests in Colorado">National Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Park_System_areas_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Park System areas in Colorado">National Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontology_in_Colorado" title="Paleontology in Colorado">Paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prehistoric_sites_in_Colorado" title="List of prehistoric sites in Colorado">Prehistoric sites</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Colorado" title="List of protected areas of Colorado">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_railroads" title="List of Colorado railroads">Railroads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Colorado" title="List of rivers of Colorado">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_Colorado" title="History of slavery in Colorado">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statistical_areas_in_Colorado" title="List of statistical areas in Colorado">Statistical areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_state_symbols" title="List of Colorado state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Colorado_history" title="Timeline of Colorado history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Colorado" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Colorado">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of populated places in Colorado">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trails_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of trails in Colorado">Trails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Colorado" title="Transportation in Colorado">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_wildernesses_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national wildernesses in Colorado">Wildernesses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Colorado" title="Abortion in Colorado">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Colorado" title="Crime in Colorado">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado#Culture" title="Colorado">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado#Demographics" title="Colorado">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Colorado" title="Economy of Colorado">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado#Education" title="Colorado">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Colorado" title="Gun laws in Colorado">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Colorado" title="Homelessness in Colorado">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Colorado">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Colorado" title="Politics of Colorado">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado#Religion" title="Colorado">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Colorado" title="Sports in Colorado">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Colorado" title="List of municipalities in Colorado">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamosa,_Colorado" title="Alamosa, Colorado">Alamosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvada,_Colorado" title="Arvada, Colorado">Arvada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspen,_Colorado" title="Aspen, Colorado">Aspen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk,_Colorado" title="Black Hawk, Colorado">Black Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Colorado" title="Brighton, Colorado">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broomfield,_Colorado" title="Broomfield, Colorado">Broomfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brush,_Colorado" title="Brush, Colorado">Brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington,_Colorado" title="Burlington, Colorado">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%B1on_City,_Colorado" title="Cañon City, Colorado">Cañon City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Pines,_Colorado" title="Castle Pines, Colorado">Castle Pines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial,_Colorado" title="Centennial, Colorado">Centennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_City,_Colorado" title="Central City, Colorado">Central City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Hills_Village,_Colorado" title="Cherry Hills Village, Colorado">Cherry Hills Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_City,_Colorado" title="Commerce City, Colorado">Commerce City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortez,_Colorado" title="Cortez, Colorado">Cortez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig,_Colorado" title="Craig, Colorado">Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cripple_Creek,_Colorado" title="Cripple Creek, Colorado">Cripple Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacono,_Colorado" title="Dacono, Colorado">Dacono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta,_Colorado" title="Delta, Colorado">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango,_Colorado" title="Durango, Colorado">Durango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgewater,_Colorado" title="Edgewater, Colorado">Edgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Englewood,_Colorado" title="Englewood, Colorado">Englewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans,_Colorado" title="Evans, Colorado">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Heights,_Colorado" title="Federal Heights, Colorado">Federal Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence,_Colorado" title="Florence, Colorado">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Collins,_Colorado" title="Fort Collins, Colorado">Fort Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Lupton,_Colorado" title="Fort Lupton, Colorado">Fort Lupton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Morgan,_Colorado" title="Fort Morgan, Colorado">Fort Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain,_Colorado" title="Fountain, Colorado">Fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruita,_Colorado" title="Fruita, Colorado">Fruita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Colorado" title="Glendale, Colorado">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenwood_Springs,_Colorado" title="Glenwood Springs, Colorado">Glenwood Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden,_Colorado" title="Golden, Colorado">Golden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Junction,_Colorado" title="Grand Junction, Colorado">Grand Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeley,_Colorado" title="Greeley, Colorado">Greeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Village,_Colorado" title="Greenwood Village, Colorado">Greenwood Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnison,_Colorado" title="Gunnison, Colorado">Gunnison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyoke,_Colorado" title="Holyoke, Colorado">Holyoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Springs,_Colorado" title="Idaho Springs, Colorado">Idaho Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Junta,_Colorado" title="La Junta, Colorado">La Junta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Colorado" title="Lafayette, Colorado">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Colorado" title="Lakewood, Colorado">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar,_Colorado" title="Lamar, Colorado">Lamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Animas,_Colorado" title="Las Animas, Colorado">Las Animas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadville,_Colorado" title="Leadville, Colorado">Leadville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleton,_Colorado" title="Littleton, Colorado">Littleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Tree,_Colorado" title="Lone Tree, Colorado">Lone Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longmont,_Colorado" title="Longmont, Colorado">Longmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Colorado" title="Louisville, Colorado">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loveland,_Colorado" title="Loveland, Colorado">Loveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitou_Springs,_Colorado" title="Manitou Springs, Colorado">Manitou Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Vista,_Colorado" title="Monte Vista, Colorado">Monte Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Colorado" title="Montrose, Colorado">Montrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northglenn,_Colorado" title="Northglenn, Colorado">Northglenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouray,_Colorado" title="Ouray, Colorado">Ouray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo,_Colorado" title="Pueblo, Colorado">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle,_Colorado" title="Rifle, Colorado">Rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Ford,_Colorado" title="Rocky Ford, Colorado">Rocky Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salida,_Colorado" title="Salida, Colorado">Salida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan,_Colorado" title="Sheridan, Colorado">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steamboat_Springs,_Colorado" title="Steamboat Springs, Colorado">Steamboat Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling,_Colorado" title="Sterling, Colorado">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thornton,_Colorado" title="Thornton, Colorado">Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad,_Colorado" title="Trinidad, Colorado">Trinidad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor,_Colorado" title="Victor, Colorado">Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walsenburg,_Colorado" title="Walsenburg, Colorado">Walsenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster,_Colorado" title="Westminster, Colorado">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheat_Ridge,_Colorado" title="Wheat Ridge, Colorado">Wheat Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodland_Park,_Colorado" title="Woodland Park, Colorado">Woodland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wray,_Colorado" title="Wray, Colorado">Wray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma,_Colorado" title="Yuma, Colorado">Yuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Colorado" title="List of counties in Colorado">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams_County,_Colorado" title="Adams County, Colorado">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamosa_County,_Colorado" title="Alamosa County, Colorado">Alamosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arapahoe_County,_Colorado" title="Arapahoe County, Colorado">Arapahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archuleta_County,_Colorado" title="Archuleta County, Colorado">Archuleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baca_County,_Colorado" title="Baca County, Colorado">Baca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bent_County,_Colorado" title="Bent County, Colorado">Bent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_County,_Colorado" title="Boulder County, Colorado">Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broomfield,_Colorado" title="Broomfield, Colorado">Broomfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaffee_County,_Colorado" title="Chaffee County, Colorado">Chaffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_County,_Colorado" title="Cheyenne County, Colorado">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Creek_County,_Colorado" title="Clear Creek County, Colorado">Clear Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conejos_County,_Colorado" title="Conejos County, Colorado">Conejos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costilla_County,_Colorado" title="Costilla County, Colorado">Costilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowley_County,_Colorado" title="Crowley County, Colorado">Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custer_County,_Colorado" title="Custer County, Colorado">Custer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_County,_Colorado" title="Delta County, Colorado">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_County,_Colorado" title="Dolores County, Colorado">Dolores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Colorado" title="Douglas County, Colorado">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_County,_Colorado" title="Eagle County, Colorado">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso_County,_Colorado" title="El Paso County, Colorado">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_County,_Colorado" title="Elbert County, Colorado">Elbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont_County,_Colorado" title="Fremont County, Colorado">Fremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garfield_County,_Colorado" title="Garfield County, Colorado">Garfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilpin_County,_Colorado" title="Gilpin County, Colorado">Gilpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_County,_Colorado" title="Grand County, Colorado">Grand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnison_County,_Colorado" title="Gunnison County, Colorado">Gunnison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinsdale_County,_Colorado" title="Hinsdale County, Colorado">Hinsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huerfano_County,_Colorado" title="Huerfano County, Colorado">Huerfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Colorado" title="Jackson County, Colorado">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Colorado" title="Jefferson County, Colorado">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiowa_County,_Colorado" title="Kiowa County, Colorado">Kiowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Carson_County,_Colorado" title="Kit Carson County, Colorado">Kit Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Plata_County,_Colorado" title="La Plata County, Colorado">La Plata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County,_Colorado" title="Lake County, Colorado">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larimer_County,_Colorado" title="Larimer County, Colorado">Larimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Animas_County,_Colorado" title="Las Animas County, Colorado">Las Animas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Colorado" title="Lincoln County, Colorado">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_County,_Colorado" title="Logan County, Colorado">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa_County,_Colorado" title="Mesa County, Colorado">Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_County,_Colorado" title="Mineral County, Colorado">Mineral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moffat_County,_Colorado" title="Moffat County, Colorado">Moffat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montezuma_County,_Colorado" title="Montezuma County, Colorado">Montezuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose_County,_Colorado" title="Montrose County, Colorado">Montrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_County,_Colorado" title="Morgan County, Colorado">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otero_County,_Colorado" title="Otero County, Colorado">Otero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouray_County,_Colorado" title="Ouray County, Colorado">Ouray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_County,_Colorado" title="Park County, Colorado">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_County,_Colorado" title="Phillips County, Colorado">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitkin_County,_Colorado" title="Pitkin County, Colorado">Pitkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prowers_County,_Colorado" title="Prowers County, Colorado">Prowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_County,_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo County, Colorado">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Blanco_County,_Colorado" title="Rio Blanco County, Colorado">Rio Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_County,_Colorado" title="Rio Grande County, Colorado">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Routt_County,_Colorado" title="Routt County, Colorado">Routt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguache_County,_Colorado" title="Saguache County, Colorado">Saguache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_County,_Colorado" title="San Juan County, Colorado">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_County,_Colorado" title="San Miguel County, Colorado">San Miguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedgwick_County,_Colorado" title="Sedgwick County, Colorado">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit_County,_Colorado" title="Summit County, Colorado">Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teller_County,_Colorado" title="Teller County, Colorado">Teller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Colorado" title="Washington County, Colorado">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weld_County,_Colorado" title="Weld County, Colorado">Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_County,_Colorado" title="Yuma County, Colorado">Yuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Colorado" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Colorado" title="Central Colorado">Central Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Plains" title="Eastern Plains">Eastern Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Mineral_Belt" title="Colorado Mineral Belt">Colorado Mineral Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Piedmont" title="Colorado Piedmont">Colorado Piedmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Plateau" title="Colorado Plateau">Colorado Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Western_Slope" title="Colorado Western Slope">Colorado Western Slope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver_metropolitan_area" title="Denver metropolitan area">Denver Metropolitan Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Corners" title="Four Corners">Four Corners Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Range_Urban_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Front Range Urban Corridor">Front Range Urban Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Plains_(United_States)" title="High Plains (United States)">High Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Colorado_Urban_Area" title="North Central Colorado Urban Area">North Central Colorado Urban Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Colorado" title="Northwestern Colorado">Northwestern Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Valley" title="San Luis Valley">San Luis Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-Central_Colorado" title="South-Central Colorado">South-Central Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Central_Colorado_Urban_Area" title="South Central Colorado Urban Area">South Central Colorado Urban Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Rocky_Mountains" title="Southern Rocky Mountains">Southern Rocky Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Colorado" title="Southwest Colorado">Southwest Colorado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/32px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/48px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/64px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Colorado" title="Portal:Colorado">Colorado portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pre-Columbian_North_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E8E6B4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pre-Columbian_North_America" title="Template:Pre-Columbian North America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pre-Columbian_North_America" title="Template talk:Pre-Columbian North America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pre-Columbian_North_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pre-Columbian North America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pre-Columbian_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era#North_America" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian North America</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E8E6B4"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_periods_(North_America)" title="List of archaeological periods (North America)">Periods</a></i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lithic_stage" title="Lithic stage">Lithic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Archaic_period_(North_America)" title="Archaic period (North America)">Archaic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Formative_stage" title="Formative stage">Formative</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Classic_stage" title="Classic stage">Classic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Post-Classic_stage" title="Post-Classic stage">Post-Classic</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Archaeological<br /> cultures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adena_culture" title="Adena culture">Adena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alachua_culture" title="Alachua culture">Alachua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Beringian" title="Ancient Beringian">Ancient Beringian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_Puebloans" title="Ancestral Puebloans">Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anishinaabe" title="Anishinaabe">Anishinaabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avonlea_culture" title="Avonlea culture">Avonlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baytown_culture" title="Baytown culture">Baytown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Glade_culture" title="Belle Glade culture">Belle Glade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttermilk_Creek_complex" title="Buttermilk Creek complex">Buttermilk Creek complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caborn-Welborn_culture" title="Caborn-Welborn culture">Caborn-Welborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cades_Pond_culture" title="Cades Pond culture">Cades Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calf_Creek_culture" title="Calf Creek culture">Calf Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloosahatchee_culture" title="Caloosahatchee culture">Caloosahatchee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coles_Creek_culture" title="Coles Creek culture">Coles Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comond%C3%BA_complex" title="Comondú complex">Comondú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deptford_culture" title="Deptford culture">Deptford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_tradition" title="Folsom tradition">Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Ancient" title="Fort Ancient">Fort Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Walton_culture" title="Fort Walton culture">Fort Walton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont_culture" title="Fremont culture">Fremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacial_Kame_culture" title="Glacial Kame culture">Glacial Kame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glades_culture" title="Glades culture">Glades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hohokam" title="Hohokam">Hohokam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopewell_tradition" title="Hopewell tradition">Hopewell</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hopewell_sites" title="List of Hopewell sites">List of Hopewell sites</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Jolla_complex" title="La Jolla complex">La Jolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_complex" title="Las Palmas complex">Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Archaic" title="Maritime Archaic">Maritime Archaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mississippian_sites" title="List of Mississippian sites">List of Mississippian sites</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogollon_culture" title="Mogollon culture">Mogollon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monongahela_culture" title="Monongahela culture">Monongahela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Cordilleran_culture" title="Old Cordilleran culture">Old Cordilleran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneota" title="Oneota">Oneota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Arctic_tradition" title="Paleo-Arctic tradition">Paleo-Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Indians" title="Paleo-Indians">Paleo-Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patayan" title="Patayan">Patayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_cultures" title="Plano cultures">Plano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaquemine_culture" title="Plaquemine culture">Plaquemine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_Point_culture" title="Poverty Point culture">Poverty Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ocher_people" title="Red Ocher people">Red Ocher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_Harbor_culture" title="Safety Harbor culture">Safety Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa-Swift_Creek_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture">Santa Rosa-Swift Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Johns_culture" title="St. Johns culture">St. Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steed-Kisker_culture" title="Steed-Kisker culture">Steed-Kisker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwannee_Valley_culture" title="Suwannee Valley culture">Suwannee Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tchefuncte_site#Tchefuncte_culture" title="Tchefuncte site">Tchefuncte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troyville_culture" title="Troyville culture">Troyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeden_Island_culture" title="Weeden Island culture">Weeden Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Archaeological<br />sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Mounds" title="Angel Mounds">Angel Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anzick_site" title="Anzick site">Anzick site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandelier_National_Monument" title="Bandelier National Monument">Bandelier National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastian_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastian Site">Bastian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benson_Archeological_Site_(13WD50)" title="Benson Archeological Site (13WD50)">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Spring_Heritage_Center" title="Blue Spring Heritage Center">Blue Spring Shelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluefish_Caves" title="Bluefish Caves">Bluefish Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bluff_Point_Stoneworks" title="The Bluff Point Stoneworks">The Bluff Point Stoneworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Brewster Site">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahokia" title="Cahokia">Cahokia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candelaria_Cave" title="Candelaria Cave">Candelaria Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Grande_Ruins_National_Monument" title="Casa Grande Ruins National Monument">Casa Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaco_Culture_National_Historical_Park" title="Chaco Culture National Historical Park">Chaco Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coso_Rock_Art_District" title="Coso Rock Art District">Coso Rock Art District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_River_Archaeological_State_Park" title="Crystal River Archaeological State Park">Crystal River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuarenta_Casas" title="Cuarenta Casas">Cuarenta Casas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_la_Olla_(archaeological_site)" title="Cueva de la Olla (archaeological site)">Cueva de la Olla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutler_Fossil_Site" title="Cutler Fossil Site">Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaker_site" title="Eaker site">Eaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Fin_del_Mundo" title="El Fin del Mundo">El Fin del Mundo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Vallecito" title="El Vallecito">El Vallecito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effigy_Mounds_National_Monument" title="Effigy Mounds National Monument">Effigy Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etowah_Indian_Mounds" title="Etowah Indian Mounds">Etowah Indian Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Eva Site">Eva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_site" title="Folsom site">Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Ancient_(Lebanon,_Ohio)" title="Fort Ancient (Lebanon, Ohio)">Fort Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Center" title="Fort Center">Fort Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Juelson" title="Fort Juelson">Fort Juelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Mounds_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Four Mounds Site">Four Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gila_Cliff_Dwellings_National_Monument" title="Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument">Gila Cliff Dwellings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenwood_Archeological_District" title="Glenwood Archeological District">Glenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimes_Point" title="Grimes Point">Grimes Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Blazes_archaeological_site" title="Helen Blazes archaeological site">Helen Blazes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holly_Bluff_site" title="Holly Bluff site">Holly Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopewell_Culture_National_Historical_Park" title="Hopewell Culture National Historical Park">Hopewell Culture National Historical Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horr%27s_Island" title="Horr's Island">Horr's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu%C3%A1poca" title="Huápoca">Huápoca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_Marco" title="Key Marco">Key Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimball_Village" title="Kimball Village">Kimball Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kincaid_Mounds_State_Historic_Site" title="Kincaid Mounds State Historic Site">Kincaid Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolomoki_Mounds" title="Kolomoki Mounds">Kolomoki Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Jackson_Mounds_Archaeological_State_Park" title="Lake Jackson Mounds Archaeological State Park">Lake Jackson Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehner_Mammoth-Kill_Site" title="Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site">Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Anse_aux_Meadows" title="L'Anse aux Meadows">L'Anse aux Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynch_Quarry_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynch Quarry Site">Lynch Quarry Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marksville_culture" title="Marksville culture">Marksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmes_Rockshelter" title="Marmes Rockshelter">Marmes Rockshelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowcroft_Rockshelter" title="Meadowcroft Rockshelter">Meadowcroft Rockshelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa_Verde_National_Park" title="Mesa Verde National Park">Mesa Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moaning_Cavern" title="Moaning Cavern">Moaning Cavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorehead_Circle" title="Moorehead Circle">Moorehead Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrison_Mounds" title="Morrison Mounds">Morrison Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moundville_Archaeological_Site" title="Moundville Archaeological Site">Moundville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy_Cave" title="Mummy Cave">Mummy Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nodena_site" title="Nodena site">Nodena site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocmulgee_Mounds_National_Historical_Park" title="Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park">Ocmulgee Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Stone_Fort_(Tennessee)" title="Old Stone Fort (Tennessee)">Old Stone Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orwell_Site_(Fergus_Falls,_Minnesota)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orwell Site (Fergus Falls, Minnesota)">Orwell site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casas_Grandes" title="Casas Grandes">Paquime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_Bluff" title="Painted Bluff">Painted Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkin_Archeological_State_Park" title="Parkin Archeological State Park">Parkin Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinson_Mounds" title="Pinson Mounds">Pinson Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_Bayou_Mounds_Archeological_State_Park" title="Plum Bayou Mounds Archeological State Park">Plum Bayou Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Earthworks" title="Portsmouth Earthworks">Portsmouth Earthworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_Point" title="Poverty Point">Poverty Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_Bonito" title="Pueblo Bonito">Pueblo Bonito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rassawek" title="Rassawek">Rassawek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recapture_Canyon" title="Recapture Canyon">Recapture Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Styx_archaeological_site" title="River Styx archaeological site">River Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Island_complex" title="Roberts Island complex">Roberts Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Eagle" title="Rock Eagle">Rock Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Hawk" title="Rock Hawk">Rock Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenstock_Village_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosenstock Village Site">Rosenstock Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Cave_National_Monument" title="Russell Cave National Monument">Russell Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_Ruins" title="Salmon Ruins">Salmon Ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serpent_Mound" title="Serpent Mound">Serpent Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Paintings_of_Sierra_de_San_Francisco" title="Rock Paintings of Sierra de San Francisco">Sierra de San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shell_ring_sites" title="List of shell ring sites">Shell ring sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiro_Mounds" title="Spiro Mounds">Spiro Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stallings_Island" title="Stallings Island">Stallings Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunWatch_Indian_Village" title="SunWatch Indian Village">SunWatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taos_Pueblo" title="Taos Pueblo">Taos Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_Creek_Indian_Mound" title="Town Creek Indian Mound">Town Creek Indian Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey_River_Mounds_State_Preserve" title="Turkey River Mounds State Preserve">Turkey River Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upward_Sun_River_site" title="Upward Sun River site">Upward Sun River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velda_Mound" title="Velda Mound">Velda Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Oak_Forest_Earthlodge_Site" title="West Oak Forest Earthlodge Site">West Oak Forest Earthlodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickiup_Hill" title="Wickiup Hill">Wickiup Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windover_Archeological_Site" title="Windover Archeological Site">Windover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winterville_site" title="Winterville site">Winterville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wupatki_National_Monument" title="Wupatki National Monument">Wupatki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Human<br />remains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anzick-1" title="Anzick-1">Anzick-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_Springs_Man" title="Arlington Springs Man">Arlington Springs Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buhl_Woman" title="Buhl Woman">Buhl Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennewick_Man" title="Kennewick Man">Kennewick Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Brea_Woman" title="La Brea Woman">La Brea Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leanderthal_Lady" title="Leanderthal Lady">Leanderthal Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Bone_Bed#Melbourne_Man" title="Melbourne Bone Bed">Melbourne Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Woman" title="Minnesota Woman">Minnesota Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1on_woman" title="Peñon woman">Peñon woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Cave_mummy" title="Spirit Cave mummy">Spirit Cave mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vero_man" title="Vero man">Vero man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E8E6B4;width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_ballgame" title="Mesoamerican ballgame">Ballgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Black drink">Black drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_pipe" title="Ceremonial pipe">Ceremonial pipe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chanunpa" title="Chanunpa">Chanunpa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chunkey" title="Chunkey">Chunkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_point" title="Clovis point">Clovis point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_Revolution_(pottery)" class="mw-redirect" title="Container Revolution (pottery)">Container Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Agricultural_Complex" title="Eastern Agricultural Complex">Eastern Agricultural Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_point" title="Eden point">Eden point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effigy_mound" title="Effigy mound">Effigy mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Ceremonial_Complex#Birdman" title="Southeastern Ceremonial Complex">Falcon dancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_point" title="Folsom point">Folsom point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Corn_Ceremony" title="Green Corn Ceremony">Green Corn Ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_Serpent" title="Horned Serpent">Horned Serpent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiva" title="Kiva">Kiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine_wheel" title="Medicine wheel">Medicine wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallurgy_in_pre-Columbian_America#North_America" title="Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%27kmaq_hieroglyphic_writing" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing">Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Builders" title="Mound Builders">Mound Builders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Graves_Protection_and_Repatriation_Act" title="Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act">N.A.G.P.R.A.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_colonization_of_North_America" title="Norse colonization of North America">Norse colonization of North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oasisamerica" title="Oasisamerica">Oasisamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piasa" title="Piasa">Piasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">Projectile point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Ceremonial_Complex" title="Southeastern Ceremonial Complex">Southeastern Ceremonial Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_North_American_stickball" title="Indigenous North American stickball">Stickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Sisters_(agriculture)" title="Three Sisters (agriculture)">Three Sisters agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbird_(mythology)" title="Thunderbird (mythology)">Thunderbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_transoceanic_contact_theories" title="Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories">Transoceanic contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_panther" title="Underwater panther">Underwater panther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_glyphs" title="Water glyphs">Water glyphs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E8E6B4"><div> <dl><dt>Related</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas">Genetic history</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian era</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prehistoric_technology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template talk:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prehistoric_technology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_technology" title="Prehistoric technology">Prehistoric technology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_prehistory" title="Timeline of prehistory">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" title="Outline of prehistoric technology">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-age_system#Stone_Age_subdivisions" title="Three-age system">Subdivisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">New Stone Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_archaeology" title="Glossary of archaeology">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tools" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Tools</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">Farming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Founder_crops" title="Founder crops">Founder crops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_crops" title="New World crops">New World crops</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard_(plough)" title="Ard (plough)">Ard / plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celt_(tool)" title="Celt (tool)">Celt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digging_stick" title="Digging stick">Digging stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">Domestication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goad" title="Goad">Goad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_products_revolution" title="Secondary products revolution">Secondary products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sickle" title="Sickle">Sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrace_(earthworks)" title="Terrace (earthworks)">Terracing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Food processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans" title="Control of fire by early humans">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basket" title="Basket">Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earth_oven" title="Earth oven">Earth oven</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granary" title="Granary">Granaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_slab" title="Grinding slab">Grinding slab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_stone" title="Ground stone">Ground stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearth" title="Hearth">Hearth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk#Hearths" title="Aşıklı Höyük">Aşıklı Höyük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qesem_cave#Fire" title="Qesem cave">Qesem cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mano_(stone)" title="Mano (stone)">Manos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metate" title="Metate">Metate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" title="Mortar and pestle">Mortar and pestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_storage_pits" title="Prehistoric storage pits">Storage pits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Hunting_hypothesis" title="Hunting hypothesis">Hunting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrow" title="Arrow">Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomerang" title="Boomerang">Boomerang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Throwing_stick" title="Throwing stick">throwing stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_and_arrow" title="Bow and arrow">Bow and arrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_archery" title="History of archery">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Hunting" title="Gravettian">Nets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">Spear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spear-thrower" title="Spear-thrower">spear-thrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_fragment_(Palart_310)" title="Baton fragment (Palart 310)">baton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpoon" title="Harpoon">harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6ningen_spears" title="Schöningen spears">Schöningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woomera_(spear-thrower)" title="Woomera (spear-thrower)">woomera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">Projectile points</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrowhead" title="Arrowhead">Arrowhead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_arrowhead" title="Transverse arrowhead">Transverse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bare_Island_projectile_point" title="Bare Island projectile point">Bare Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_point" title="Cascade point">Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_point" title="Clovis point">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creswellian_culture" title="Creswellian culture">Cresswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_point" title="Cumberland point">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_point" title="Eden point">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_point" title="Folsom point">Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamoka_projectile_point" title="Lamoka projectile point">Lamoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manis_Mastodon_site" title="Manis Mastodon site">Manis Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_point" title="Plano point">Plano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Game_drive_system" title="Game drive system">Game drive system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_jump" title="Buffalo jump">Buffalo jump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Toolmaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industry_(archaeology)" title="Industry (archaeology)">Earliest toolmaking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldowan" title="Oldowan">Oldowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acheulean" title="Acheulean">Acheulean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousterian" title="Mousterian">Mousterian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurignacian" title="Aurignacian">Aurignacian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupstone" title="Cupstone">Cupstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_hardening" title="Fire hardening">Fire hardening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian" title="Gravettian">Gravettian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafting" title="Hafting">Hafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_axe" title="Hand axe">Hand axe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grooves_(archaeology)" title="Grooves (archaeology)">Grooves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdale_axe_industry" title="Langdale axe industry">Langdale axe industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallois_technique" title="Levallois technique">Levallois technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_core" title="Lithic core">Lithic core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_reduction" title="Lithic reduction">Lithic reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_analysis" title="Lithic analysis">analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debitage" title="Debitage">debitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_flake" title="Lithic flake">flake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Lithic technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalenian" title="Magdalenian">Magdalenian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrous_metallurgy" title="Ferrous metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microblade_technology" title="Microblade technology">Microblade technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime%27s_Graves" title="Grime's Graves">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepared-core_technique" title="Prepared-core technique">Prepared-core technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solutrean" title="Solutrean">Solutrean industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_platform" title="Striking platform">Striking platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_stone" title="Tool stone">Tool stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniface" title="Uniface">Uniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubetsu_technique" title="Yubetsu technique">Yubetsu technique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Other tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">Adze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Awl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Use_of_animal_remains" title="Gravettian">bone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannerstone" title="Bannerstone">Bannerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade_(archaeology)" title="Blade (archaeology)">Blade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prismatic_blade" title="Prismatic blade">prismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_tool" title="Bone tool">Bone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_drill" title="Bow drill">Bow drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burin_(lithic_flake)" title="Burin (lithic flake)">Burin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe#History" title="Canoe">Canoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oar" title="Oar">Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesse_canoe" title="Pesse canoe">Pesse canoe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopper_(archaeology)" title="Chopper (archaeology)">Chopper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chopping_tool" title="Chopping tool">tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleaver_(Stone_Age_tool)" title="Cleaver (Stone Age tool)">Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denticulate_tool" title="Denticulate tool">Denticulate tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_plough" title="Fire plough">Fire plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-saw" title="Fire-saw">Fire-saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammerstone" title="Hammerstone">Hammerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microlith" title="Microlith">Microlith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racloir" title="Racloir">Racloir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scraper_(archaeology)" title="Scraper (archaeology)">Scraper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grattoir_de_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9" title="Grattoir de côté">side</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_tool" title="Stone tool">Stone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tally_stick#Paleolithic_tally_sticks" title="Tally stick">Tally stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_weapons#Copper_Age" title="History of weapons">Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronocice_pot" title="Bronocice pot">illustration</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_architecture" title="History of architecture">Architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Ceremonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiva" title="Kiva">Kiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhir" title="Menhir">Standing stones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_row" title="Stone row">row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Dwellings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_architecture" title="Neolithic architecture">Neolithic architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_long_house" title="Neolithic long house">long house</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_megalith_architecture" title="British megalith architecture">British megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_megalith_architecture" title="Nordic megalith architecture">Nordic megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdei" title="Burdei">Burdei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_dwelling" title="Cliff dwelling">Cliff dwelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(shelter)" title="Dugout (shelter)">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hut" title="Hut">Hut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quiggly_hole" title="Quiggly hole">Quiggly hole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacal" title="Jacal">Jacal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhouse" title="Longhouse">Longhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudbrick" title="Mudbrick">Mudbrick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mehrgarh#Lifestyle_and_technology" title="Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pit-house" title="Pit-house">Pit-house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_pueblitos" title="Navajo pueblitos">Pueblitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo" title="Pueblo">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">Rock shelter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abri_de_la_Madeleine" title="Abri de la Madeleine">Abri de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibudu_Cave" title="Sibudu Cave">Sibudu Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundhouse_(dwelling)" title="Roundhouse (dwelling)">Roundhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilt_house" title="Stilt house">Stilt house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_pile_dwellings_around_the_Alps" title="Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps">Alp pile dwellings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_of_Brodgar" title="Ness of Brodgar">Stone roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattle_and_daub" title="Wattle and daub">Wattle and daub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Water management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Check_dam" title="Check dam">Check dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistern" title="Cistern">Cistern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flush_toilet#History" title="Flush toilet">Flush toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well" title="Well">Well</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feature_(archaeology)" title="Feature (archaeology)">Archaeological features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_mound" title="Burnt mound">Burnt mound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fulacht_fiadh" title="Fulacht fiadh">fulacht fiadh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causewayed_enclosure" title="Causewayed enclosure">Causewayed enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tor_enclosure" title="Tor enclosure">Tor enclosure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_circular_enclosures_in_Central_Europe" title="Neolithic circular enclosures in Central Europe">Circular enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goseck_Circle" title="Goseck Circle">Goseck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursus" title="Cursus">Cursus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henge" title="Henge">Henge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thornborough_Henges" title="Thornborough Henges">Thornborough</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_architectural_elements" title="Megalithic architectural elements">Megalithic architectural elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_extant_buildings" title="List of oldest extant buildings">Oldest extant buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_circle" title="Timber circle">Timber circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_trackway" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber trackway">Timber trackway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Track" title="Sweet Track">Sweet Track</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Arts_and_culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_culture" title="Archaeological culture">culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Material goods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">Baskets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed#History" title="Bed">Beds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Clothing/textiles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cosmetics" title="History of cosmetics">Cosmetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_hide_materials" title="History of hide materials">Hides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoe#History" title="Shoe">shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96tzi#Clothes_and_shoes" title="Ötzi">Ötzi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery#History" title="Jewellery">Jewelry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amber#Use" title="Amber">amber use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror#History" title="Mirror">Mirrors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery#History" title="Pottery">Pottery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardium_pottery" title="Cardium pottery">Cardium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord-marked_pottery" title="Cord-marked pottery">Cord-marked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grooved_ware" title="Grooved ware">Grooved ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_pottery" title="Jōmon pottery">Jōmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unstan_ware" title="Unstan ware">Unstan ware</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle#History" title="Sewing needle">Sewing needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">Wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press#Early_history" title="History of the wine press">wine press</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Prehistoric art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Upper_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Upper Paleolithic">Art of the Upper Paleolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Middle_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Middle Paleolithic">Art of the Middle Paleolithic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave#Archaeological_remains_and_material_culture_from_the_Middle_Stone_Age_levels" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stone_Age_art" title="List of Stone Age art">List of Stone Age art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_stone" title="Bird stone">Bird stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">Cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carved_stone_balls" title="Carved stone balls">Carved stone balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">Cave paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cup_and_ring_mark" title="Cup and ring mark">Cup and ring mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoglyph" title="Geoglyph">Geoglyph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hill_figure" title="Hill figure">Hill figure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_hat" title="Golden hat">Golden hats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_stones" title="Guardian stones">Guardian stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings" title="Gwion Gwion rock paintings">Gwion Gwion rock paintings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_painting#Pre-history" title="History of painting">painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigment#History" title="Pigment">pigment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_art" title="Megalithic art">Megalithic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroform" title="Petroform">Petroform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroglyph" title="Petroglyph">Petroglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosomatoglyph" title="Petrosomatoglyph">Petrosomatoglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictogram" title="Pictogram">Pictogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art" title="Rock art">Rock art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cupule" title="Rock cupule">Rock cupule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">Stone carving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture#Prehistoric_periods" title="Sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_menhir" title="Statue menhir">Statue menhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circle" title="Stone circle">Stone circle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stone_circles" title="List of stone circles">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circles_in_the_British_Isles_and_Brittany" title="Stone circles in the British Isles and Brittany">British Isles and Brittany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_figurine" title="Venus figurine">Venus figurine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Burial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">Burial mounds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_barrow" title="Bowl barrow">Bowl barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_barrow" title="Round barrow">Round barrow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Builders" title="Mound Builders">Mound Builders culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_mounds_in_the_United_States" title="List of burial mounds in the United States">U.S. sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_tomb" title="Chamber tomb">Chamber tomb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold-Severn_Group" title="Cotswold-Severn Group">Cotswold-Severn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cist" title="Cist">Cist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dartmoor_kistvaens" title="Dartmoor kistvaens">Dartmoor kistvaens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clava_cairn" title="Clava cairn">Clava cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_cairn" title="Court cairn">Court cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremation#History" title="Cremation">Cremation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolmen" title="Dolmen">Dolmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_dolmen" title="Great dolmen">Great dolmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyre" title="Pyre">Funeral pyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallery_grave" title="Gallery grave">Gallery grave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transepted_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Transepted gallery grave">transepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge-shaped_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge-shaped gallery grave">wedge-shaped</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grave_goods" title="Grave goods">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar_burial" title="Jar burial">Jar burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_barrow" title="Long barrow">Long barrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_barrow" title="Unchambered long barrow">unchambered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B8nsalen" title="Grønsalen">Grønsalen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalithic tomb">Megalithic tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_grave" title="Passage grave">Passage grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectangular_dolmen" title="Rectangular dolmen">Rectangular dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_cairn" title="Ring cairn">Ring cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_dolmen" title="Simple dolmen">Simple dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_box_grave" title="Stone box grave">Stone box grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_cairn" title="Tor cairn">Tor cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_cairn" title="Unchambered long cairn">Unchambered long cairn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeoastronomical_sites_by_country" title="List of archaeoastronomical sites by country">sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">lunar calendar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_modernity" title="Behavioral modernity">Behavioral modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_musicology" title="Evolutionary musicology">Evolutionary musicology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_archaeology" title="Music archaeology">music archaeology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religion" title="Evolutionary origin of religion">Evolutionary origin of religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_drugs_and_the_archaeological_record" title="Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record">Spiritual drug use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_language" title="Origin of language">Origin of language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_counting" title="Prehistoric counting">Prehistoric counting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_medicine" title="Prehistoric medicine">Prehistoric medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trepanning" title="Trepanning">trepanning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_music" title="Prehistoric music">Prehistoric music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_drum" title="Alligator drum">Alligator drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_flute" title="Paleolithic flute">flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe_flute" title="Divje Babe flute">Divje Babe flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudi_(instrument)" title="Gudi (instrument)">gudi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_warfare" title="Prehistoric warfare">Prehistoric warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howiesons_Poort#Symbolism" title="Howiesons Poort">symbolism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Colorado&#124;link=Colorado_Indigenous_peoples_of_Colorado" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indigenous_People_of_Colorado" title="Template:Indigenous People of Colorado"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indigenous_People_of_Colorado" title="Template talk:Indigenous People of Colorado"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indigenous_People_of_Colorado" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indigenous People of Colorado"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Colorado&#124;link=Colorado_Indigenous_peoples_of_Colorado" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado"><img alt="Colorado" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples</a> of <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prehistory of Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Colorado_prehistory" title="Outline of Colorado prehistory">Outline of Colorado prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Colorado_history" title="Timeline of Colorado history">Timeline of Colorado history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary peoples<br /> native to Colorado</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arapaho" title="Arapaho">Arapaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheyenne people">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jicarilla_Apache" title="Jicarilla Apache">Jicarilla Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiowa_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiowa people">Kiowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_people" title="Pawnee people">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshone_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoshone people">Shoshone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Reservations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colorado#Indigenous_People" title="Colorado">Colorado reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ute_Indian_Reservation" title="Southern Ute Indian Reservation">Southern Ute Indian Reservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Mountain_Ute_Indian_Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation">Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Major events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beecher_Island" title="Battle of Beecher Island">Battle of Beecher Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_War" title="Colorado War">Colorado War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Comanche Campaign">Comanche Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meeker_Massacre" title="Meeker Massacre">Meeker Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Creek_massacre" title="Sand Creek massacre">Sand Creek massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precontact cultures<br /> in Colorado</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Indian" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleo-Indian">Paleo-Indian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cody_complex" title="Cody complex">Cody complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_tradition" title="Folsom tradition">Folsom tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goshen_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Goshen complex">Goshen complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell_Gap_complex" title="Hell Gap complex">Hell Gap complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainview_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Plainview complex">Plainview complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_cultures" title="Plano cultures">Plano cultures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Archaic_period_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic period of the Americas">Archaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apex_complex" title="Apex complex">Apex complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basketmaker_culture" title="Basketmaker culture">Basketmaker culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Albion_complex" title="Mount Albion complex">Mount Albion complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshara_tradition" title="Oshara tradition">Oshara tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picosa_culture" title="Picosa culture">Picosa culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Post-<a href="/wiki/Archaic_period_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic period of the Americas">Archaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_Puebloans" title="Ancestral Puebloans">Ancestral Puebloans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apishapa_culture" title="Apishapa culture">Apishapa culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismal_River_culture" title="Dismal River culture">Dismal River culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont_culture" title="Fremont culture">Fremont culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhandle_culture" title="Panhandle culture">Panhandle culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopris_phase" title="Sopris phase">Sopris phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipi_ring" title="Tipi ring">Tipi ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Noted archaeologists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Irwin-Williams" title="Cynthia Irwin-Williams">Cynthia Irwin-Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sidney_Martin" title="Paul Sidney Martin">Paul Sidney Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldo_Rudolph_Wedel" title="Waldo Rudolph Wedel">Waldo Rudolph Wedel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Ben_Wheat" title="Joe Ben Wheat">Joe Ben Wheat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_dwellings_of_Pueblo_peoples_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ancient dwellings of Pueblo peoples in Colorado">List of ancient dwellings of Pueblo peoples in Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prehistoric_sites_in_Colorado" title="List of prehistoric sites in Colorado">List of prehistoric sites in Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_of_the_Ancients" title="Trail of the Ancients">Trail of the Ancients</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ute_people" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ute_people" title="Template:Ute people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ute_people" title="Template talk:Ute people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ute_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ute people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ute_people" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute people</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_dialect" title="Ute dialect">Ute dialect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_mythology" title="Ute mythology">Ute mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic bands<br />within contemporary<br /> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Ute_Indian_Tribe_of_the_Uintah_and_Ouray_Reservation" title="Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Pitch_Utes" title="San Pitch Utes">San Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seuvarits_Utes" title="Seuvarits Utes">Seuvarits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timpanogos" title="Timpanogos">Timpanogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncompahgre_Ute" title="Uncompahgre Ute">Uncompahgre</a> (Tabeguache)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Indian_Tribe_of_the_Uintah_and_Ouray_Reservation" title="Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation">Uintah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_River_Utes" title="White River Utes">White River Utes</a> (Parianuche, Yampa)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ute_Indian_Reservation" title="Southern Ute Indian Reservation">Southern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capote_Band_of_Utes" class="mw-redirect" title="Capote Band of Utes">Capote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muache_Band_of_Utes" class="mw-redirect" title="Muache Band of Utes">Muache</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Ute_Mountain_Ute_Tribe" title="Ute Mountain Ute Tribe">Ute Mountain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weeminuche" class="mw-redirect" title="Weeminuche">Weeminuche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Integrated with<br />the <a href="/wiki/Paiute_Indian_Tribe_of_Utah" title="Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah">Paiute</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moanunts" class="mw-redirect" title="Moanunts">Moanunts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahvant" title="Pahvant">Pahvant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture and<br /> religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Ceremonies<br /> and religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Church" title="Native American Church">Native American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Dance" title="Sun Dance">Sun Dance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Ancestral lands<br /> and trails</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bears_Ears_National_Monument" title="Bears Ears National Monument">Bears Ears National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%B1on_Pintado" title="Cañon Pintado">Cañon Pintado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitou_Mineral_Springs#History" title="Manitou Mineral Springs">Mineral springs at Manitou Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route)" title="Old Spanish Trail (trade route)">Old Ute Trail</a> (later Old Spanish Trail)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Creek_Archeological_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring Creek Archeological District">Spring Creek Archeological District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Mountain_Ute_Mancos_Canyon_Historic_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ute Mountain Ute Mancos Canyon Historic District">Ute Mountain Ute Mancos Canyon Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Pass_(Rampart_Range)" title="Ute Pass (Rampart Range)">Ute Pass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonga_Black_Hawk" title="Antonga Black Hawk">Black Hawk</a> (leader during the Black Hawk War)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapiah" title="Sapiah">Buckskin Charley</a>, also called Sapiah, (Ute chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipeta" title="Chipeta">Chipeta</a> (Ouray's wife and Ute delegate)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorow_(Ute_chief)" title="Colorow (Ute chief)">Colorow</a> (Ute chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Ignacio" title="Chief Ignacio">Chief Ignacio</a> (Weeminuche band chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Jack_House" title="Chief Jack House">Chief Jack House</a> (last traditional chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Carlos_Nakai" title="R. Carlos Nakai">R. Carlos Nakai</a> (flutist)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaagat" title="Nicaagat">Nicaagat</a> (leader during Battle of Milk Creek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Ouray" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Ouray">Chief Ouray</a> (Uncompahgre band leader)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluff_War" title="Bluff War">Polk</a> (Ute-Paiute chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posey_War" title="Posey War">Posey</a> (Ute-Paiute chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rael" title="Joseph Rael">Joseph Rael</a> (dancer, author, and spiritualist)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanpitch_(Ute_chief)" title="Sanpitch (Ute chief)">Sanpitch</a> (Sanpete tribe chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Trujillo" title="Raoul Trujillo">Raoul Trujillo</a> (performer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkara" title="Walkara">Chief Walkara, also called Chief Walker</a> (leader during the Walker War)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Westward_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Westward expansion">Westward expansion</a><br /> and conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars#West_of_the_Mississippi_(1811–1924)" title="American Indian Wars">American Indian Wars § West of the Mississippi</a> (1811–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Wars" title="Ute Wars">Ute Wars</a> (1848–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Walker War">Walker War</a> (1853)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_War" title="Colorado War">Colorado War</a> (1863–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk_War_(1865%E2%80%9372)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hawk War (1865–72)">Black Hawk War</a> (1865–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meeker_Massacre" title="Meeker Massacre">Meeker Massacre</a> (1879)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reservations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ute_Indian_Reservation" title="Southern Ute Indian Reservation">Southern Ute</a> (Southwestern Colorado)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Indian_Tribe_of_the_Uintah_and_Ouray_Reservation" title="Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation">Uintah and Ouray</a> (Northern Ute Tribe, Utah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Mountain_Ute_Tribe" title="Ute Mountain Ute Tribe">Ute Mountain Tribe</a> (West-southwest Colorado)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act" title="Indian Reorganization Act">Indian Reorganization Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prehistoric_sites_in_Colorado" title="List of prehistoric sites in Colorado">List of prehistoric sites in Colorado</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prehistory of Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ute_Cultural_Center_and_Museum" title="Southern Ute Cultural Center and Museum">Southern Ute Cultural Center and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Indian_Museum" title="Ute Indian Museum">Ute Indian Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Indian_Rights_Settlement" class="mw-redirect" title="Ute Indian Rights Settlement">Ute Indian Rights Settlement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protected_areas_of_Colorado" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#bbeb85;;background:#abdb75;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protected_areas_of_Colorado" title="Template:Protected areas of Colorado"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protected_areas_of_Colorado" title="Template talk:Protected areas of Colorado"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protected_areas_of_Colorado" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protected areas of Colorado"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protected_areas_of_Colorado" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Colorado" title="List of protected areas of Colorado">Protected areas of Colorado</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_lands_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federal lands in Colorado">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national parks in Colorado">4 National Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canyon_of_the_Gunnison_National_Park" title="Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park">Black Canyon of the Gunnison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sand_Dunes_National_Park_and_Preserve" title="Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve">Great Sand Dunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa_Verde_National_Park" title="Mesa Verde National Park">Mesa Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_National_Park" title="Rocky Mountain National Park">Rocky Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_monuments_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national monuments in Colorado">9 National Monuments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Browns_Canyon_National_Monument" title="Browns Canyon National Monument">Browns Canyon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">BLM</a>-<a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">USFS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Hale" title="Camp Hale">Camp Hale-Continental Divide</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">USFS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyons_of_the_Ancients_National_Monument" title="Canyons of the Ancients National Monument">Canyons of the Ancients</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">BLM</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimney_Rock_National_Monument" title="Chimney Rock National Monument">Chimney Rock</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">USFS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_National_Monument" title="Colorado National Monument">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_National_Monument" title="Dinosaur National Monument">Dinosaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florissant_Fossil_Beds_National_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument">Florissant Fossil Beds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovenweep_National_Monument" title="Hovenweep National Monument">Hovenweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yucca_House_National_Monument" title="Yucca House National Monument">Yucca House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_historic_sites_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national historic sites in Colorado">3 National Historic Sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amache_National_Historic_Site" title="Amache National Historic Site">Amache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bent%27s_Old_Fort_National_Historic_Site" title="Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site">Bent's Old Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Creek_Massacre_National_Historic_Site" title="Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site">Sand Creek Massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_recreation_areas_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national recreation areas in Colorado">2 National Recreation Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arapaho_National_Recreation_Area" title="Arapaho National Recreation Area">Arapaho</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">USFS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curecanti_National_Recreation_Area" title="Curecanti National Recreation Area">Curecanti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wild_and_scenic_rivers_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wild and scenic rivers in Colorado">1 Wild and Scenic River</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cache_la_Poudre_Wild_and_Scenic_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Cache la Poudre Wild and Scenic River">Cache la Poudre River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_historic_trails_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national historic trails in Colorado">4 National Historic Trails</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Trail" title="California Trail">California Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route)" title="Old Spanish Trail (trade route)">Old Spanish Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pony_Express_National_Historic_Trail" class="mw-redirect" title="Pony Express National Historic Trail">Pony Express Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Trail" title="Santa Fe Trail">Santa Fe Trail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_scenic_trails_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national scenic trails in Colorado">1 National Scenic Trail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_Trail" title="Continental Divide Trail">Continental Divide Trail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_forests_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national forests in Colorado">11 National Forests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arapaho_National_Forest" title="Arapaho National Forest">Arapaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mesa_National_Forest" title="Grand Mesa National Forest">Grand Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnison_National_Forest" title="Gunnison National Forest">Gunnison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine_Bow%E2%80%93Routt_National_Forest" title="Medicine Bow–Routt National Forest">Medicine Bow–Routt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_National_Forest" title="Pike National Forest">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_National_Forest" title="Rio Grande National Forest">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_National_Forest" title="Roosevelt National Forest">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Isabel_National_Forest" title="San Isabel National Forest">San Isabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_National_Forest" title="San Juan National Forest">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncompahgre_National_Forest" title="Uncompahgre National Forest">Uncompahgre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_River_National_Forest" title="White River National Forest">White River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_grasslands_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national grasslands in Colorado">2 National Grasslands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_National_Grassland" title="Comanche National Grassland">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_National_Grassland" title="Pawnee National Grassland">Pawnee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_wildernesses_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national wildernesses in Colorado">44 National Wildernesses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canyon_of_the_Gunnison_National_Park" title="Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park">Black Canyon of the Gunnison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Ridge_Canyons_Wilderness" title="Black Ridge Canyons Wilderness">Black Ridge Canyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Peaks_Wilderness" title="Buffalo Peaks Wilderness">Buffalo Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byers_Peak_Wilderness" title="Byers Peak Wilderness">Byers Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cache_La_Poudre_Wilderness" title="Cache La Poudre Wilderness">Cache La Poudre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Peaks_Wilderness" title="Collegiate Peaks Wilderness">Collegiate Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_Peak_Wilderness" title="Comanche Peak Wilderness">Comanche Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominguez_Canyon_Wilderness" title="Dominguez Canyon Wilderness">Dominguez Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagles_Nest_Wilderness" title="Eagles Nest Wilderness">Eagles Nest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_Tops_Wilderness_Area" title="Flat Tops Wilderness Area">Flat Tops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_Ridge_Wilderness" title="Fossil Ridge Wilderness">Fossil Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sand_Dunes_National_Park_and_Preserve" title="Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve">Great Sand Dunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhorn_Mountain_Wilderness" title="Greenhorn Mountain Wilderness">Greenhorn Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnison_Gorge_Wilderness" title="Gunnison Gorge Wilderness">Gunnison Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermosa_Creek_Wilderness" title="Hermosa Creek Wilderness">Hermosa Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Cross_Wilderness" title="Holy Cross Wilderness">Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter%E2%80%93Fryingpan_Wilderness" title="Hunter–Fryingpan Wilderness">Hunter–Fryingpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Peaks_Wilderness" title="Indian Peaks Wilderness">Indian Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Peak_Wilderness" title="James Peak Wilderness">James Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Garita_Wilderness" title="La Garita Wilderness">La Garita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizard_Head_Wilderness" title="Lizard Head Wilderness">Lizard Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Creek_Wilderness" title="Lost Creek Wilderness">Lost Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroon_Bells%E2%80%93Snowmass_Wilderness" title="Maroon Bells–Snowmass Wilderness">Maroon Bells-Snowmass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa_Verde_National_Park" title="Mesa Verde National Park">Mesa Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Evans_Wilderness" title="Mount Evans Wilderness">Mount Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Massive_Wilderness" title="Mount Massive Wilderness">Mount Massive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sneffels_Wilderness" title="Mount Sneffels Wilderness">Mount Sneffels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Zirkel_Wilderness" title="Mount Zirkel Wilderness">Mount Zirkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neota_Wilderness" title="Neota Wilderness">Neota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Never_Summer_Wilderness" title="Never Summer Wilderness">Never Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platte_River_Wilderness" title="Platte River Wilderness">Platte River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powderhorn_Wilderness" title="Powderhorn Wilderness">Powderhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptarmigan_Peak_Wilderness" title="Ptarmigan Peak Wilderness">Ptarmigan Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raggeds_Wilderness" title="Raggeds Wilderness">Raggeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawah_Wilderness" title="Rawah Wilderness">Rawah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_National_Park_Wilderness" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocky Mountain National Park Wilderness">Rocky Mountain National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangre_de_Cristo_Wilderness" title="Sangre de Cristo Wilderness">Sangre de Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvis_Creek_Wilderness" title="Sarvis Creek Wilderness">Sarvis Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_San_Juan_Wilderness" title="South San Juan Wilderness">South San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Peaks_Wilderness" title="Spanish Peaks Wilderness">Spanish Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncompahgre_Wilderness" title="Uncompahgre Wilderness">Uncompahgre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasquez_Peak_Wilderness" title="Vasquez Peak Wilderness">Vasquez Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weminuche_Wilderness" title="Weminuche Wilderness">Weminuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Elk_Wilderness" title="West Elk Wilderness">West Elk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_conservation_areas_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national conservation areas in Colorado">3 National Conservation Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominguez%E2%80%93Escalante_National_Conservation_Area" title="Dominguez–Escalante National Conservation Area">Dominguez–Escalante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnison_Gorge_National_Conservation_Area" title="Gunnison Gorge National Conservation Area">Gunnison Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McInnis_Canyons_National_Conservation_Area" title="McInnis Canyons National Conservation Area">McInnis Canyons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_wildlife_refuges_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national wildlife refuges in Colorado">8 National Wildlife Refuges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamosa_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge">Alamosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arapaho_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge">Arapaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baca_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Baca National Wildlife Refuge">Baca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browns_Park_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Browns Park National Wildlife Refuge">Browns Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Vista_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge">Monte Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Flats_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge">Rocky Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Arsenal_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge">Rocky Mountain Arsenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Ponds_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Two Ponds National Wildlife Refuge">Two Ponds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_heritage_areas_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national heritage areas in Colorado">3 National Heritage Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cache_La_Poudre_River_Corridor_National_Heritage_Area" title="Cache La Poudre River Corridor National Heritage Area">Cache la Poudre River Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangre_de_Cristo_National_Heritage_Area" title="Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area">Sangre de Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Park_National_Heritage_Area" title="South Park National Heritage Area">South Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Colorado" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Colorado">28 National Historic Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Meadows_Visitor_Center" title="Beaver Meadows Visitor Center">Beaver Meadows Visitor Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bent%27s_Old_Fort_National_Historic_Site" title="Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site">Bent's Old Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_City/Black_Hawk_Historic_District" title="Central City/Black Hawk Historic District">Central City/Black Hawk Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Chautauqua" title="Colorado Chautauqua">Colorado Chautauqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cripple_Creek_Historic_District" title="Cripple Creek Historic District">Cripple Creek Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbres_and_Toltec_Scenic_Railroad" title="Cumbres and Toltec Scenic Railroad">Cumbres and Toltec Scenic Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver_Civic_Center" title="Denver Civic Center">Denver Civic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango_and_Silverton_Narrow_Gauge_Railroad" title="Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad">Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elitch_Gardens_Carousel" title="Elitch Gardens Carousel">Elitch Gardens Carousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown%E2%80%93Silver_Plume_Historic_District" title="Georgetown–Silver Plume Historic District">Georgetown–Silver Plume Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granada_War_Relocation_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Granada War Relocation Center">Granada War Relocation Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadville_Historic_District" title="Leadville Historic District">Leadville Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindenmeier_site" title="Lindenmeier site">Lindenmeier site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowry_Pueblo" title="Lowry Pueblo">Lowry Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludlow_Tent_Colony_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludlow Tent Colony Site">Ludlow Tent Colony Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa_Verde_Administrative_District" title="Mesa Verde Administrative District">Mesa Verde Administrative District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnequa_Steel_Works_Office_Building_and_Dispensary,_Colorado_Fuel_and_Iron_Company" title="Minnequa Steel Works Office Building and Dispensary, Colorado Fuel and Iron Company">Minnequa Steel Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikes_Peak" title="Pikes Peak">Pikes Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike%27s_Stockade" title="Pike's Stockade">Pike's Stockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raton_Pass" title="Raton Pass">Raton Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Rocks_Park" title="Red Rocks Park">Red Rocks Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenandoah-Dives_Mill" title="Shenandoah-Dives Mill">Shenandoah-Dives Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverton_Historic_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Silverton Historic District">Silverton Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telluride_Historic_District" title="Telluride Historic District">Telluride Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Aaron" title="Temple Aaron">Temple Aaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trujillo_Homesteads" title="Trujillo Homesteads">Trujillo Homesteads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy,_Cadet_Area" title="United States Air Force Academy, Cadet Area">United States Air Force Academy, Cadet Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winks_Panorama" title="Winks Panorama">Winks Panorama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_natural_landmarks_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national natural landmarks in Colorado">16 National Natural Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Spring_Creek_(Colorado)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Spring Creek (Colorado)">Big Spring Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Gods" title="Garden of the Gods">Garden of the Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_Park_Fossil_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden Park Fossil Area">Garden Park Fossil Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanging_Lake" title="Hanging Lake">Hanging Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Springs_Trace_Fossil_Natural_Area" title="Indian Springs Trace Fossil Natural Area">Indian Springs Trace Fossil Natural Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Creek_Scenic_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Lost Creek Scenic Area">Lost Creek Scenic Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Ridge" title="Dinosaur Ridge">Morrison-Golden Fossil Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raton_Mesa" title="Raton Mesa">Raton Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Lakes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Lakes (page does not exist)">Russell Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Creek_(Wyoming)" title="Sand Creek (Wyoming)">Sand Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slumgullion_Earthflow" title="Slumgullion Earthflow">Slumgullion Earthflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Peaks" title="Spanish Peaks">Spanish Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulphur_Cave_and_Spring&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulphur Cave and Spring (page does not exist)">Sulphur Cave and Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit_Lake_Park" title="Summit Lake Park">Summit Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bijou_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="West Bijou Site">West Bijou Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">National Register of Historic Places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_state_parks" title="List of Colorado state parks">43 State Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Headwaters_Recreation_Area" title="Arkansas Headwaters Recreation Area">Arkansas Headwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barr_Lake_State_Park" title="Barr Lake State Park">Barr Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd_Lake_State_Park" title="Boyd Lake State Park">Boyd Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlewood_Canyon_State_Park" title="Castlewood Canyon State Park">Castlewood Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatfield_State_Park" title="Chatfield State Park">Chatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Creek_State_Park" title="Cherry Creek State Park">Cherry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_Mountain_State_Park" title="Cheyenne Mountain State Park">Cheyenne Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_State_Park_(Colorado)" title="Crawford State Park (Colorado)">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado_Canyon_State_Park" title="Eldorado Canyon State Park">Eldorado Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Mile_State_Park" title="Eleven Mile State Park">Eleven Mile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkhead_Reservoir_State_Park" title="Elkhead Reservoir State Park">Elkhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishers_Peak_State_Park" title="Fishers Peak State Park">Fishers Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Canyon_State_Park" title="Golden Gate Canyon State Park">Golden Gate Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Gap_State_Park" title="Harvey Gap State Park">Harvey Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highline_Lake_State_Park" title="Highline Lake State Park">Highline Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Lake_State_Park_(Colorado)" title="Jackson Lake State Park (Colorado)">Jackson Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Robb_%E2%80%93_Colorado_River_State_Park" title="James M. Robb – Colorado River State Park">James M. Robb - Colorado River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_Reservoir_State_Park" title="John Martin Reservoir State Park">John Martin Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Pueblo_State_Park" title="Lake Pueblo State Park">Lake Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lathrop_State_Park" title="Lathrop State Park">Lathrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Mesa_State_Park" title="Lone Mesa State Park">Lone Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lory_State_Park" title="Lory State Park">Lory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mancos_State_Park" title="Mancos State Park">Mancos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mueller_State_Park" title="Mueller State Park">Mueller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_State_Park" title="Navajo State Park">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sterling_State_Park" title="North Sterling State Park">North Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paonia_State_Park" title="Paonia State Park">Paonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Lake_State_Park" title="Pearl Lake State Park">Pearl Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgway_State_Park" title="Ridgway State Park">Ridgway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle_Falls_State_Park" title="Rifle Falls State Park">Rifle Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle_Gap_State_Park" title="Rifle Gap State Park">Rifle Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinney_Mountain_State_Park" title="Spinney Mountain State Park">Spinney Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Vrain_State_Park" title="St. Vrain State Park">St. Vrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_State_Park" title="Stagecoach State Park">Stagecoach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Forest_State_Park" title="State Forest State Park">State Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staunton_State_Park" title="Staunton State Park">Staunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steamboat_Lake_State_Park" title="Steamboat Lake State Park">Steamboat Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetwater_Lake_State_Park" title="Sweetwater Lake State Park">Sweetwater Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweitzer_Lake_State_Park" title="Sweitzer Lake State Park">Sweitzer Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvan_Lake_State_Park" title="Sylvan Lake State Park">Sylvan Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Lake_State_Park" title="Trinidad Lake State Park">Trinidad Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_State_Park" title="Vega State Park">Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yampa_River_State_Park" title="Yampa River State Park">Yampa River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_state_forests" title="List of Colorado state forests">1 State Forest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_Forest_State_Park" title="State Forest State Park">State Forest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_state_wildlife_areas" title="List of Colorado state wildlife areas">307 State Wildlife Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_state_wildlife_areas" title="List of Colorado state wildlife areas">List of Colorado state wildlife areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_natural_areas" title="List of Colorado natural areas">96 State Natural Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aiken_Canyon_Preserve" title="Aiken Canyon Preserve">Aiken Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antero-Salt_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antero-Salt Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Antero-Salt Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arikaree_River" title="Arikaree River">Arikaree River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Badger_Wash_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badger Wash Natural Area (page does not exist)">Badger Wash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blacks_Gulch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blacks Gulch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Blacks Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_Mountain-Little_Thompson_Fault_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blue Mountain-Little Thompson Fault Natural Area (page does not exist)">Blue Mountain-Little Thompson Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny_Prairie_Natural_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonny Prairie Natural Area">Bonny Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulder_Mountain_Park_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulder Mountain Park Natural Area (page does not exist)">Boulder Mountain Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brush_Creek_Fen_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brush Creek Fen Natural Area (page does not exist)">Brush Creek Fen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Park_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="California Park Natural Area (page does not exist)">California Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlewood_Canyon_State_Park" title="Castlewood Canyon State Park">Castlewood Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalk_Bluffs_Natural_Area" title="Chalk Bluffs Natural Area">Chalk Bluffs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coal_Creek_Tallgrass_Prairie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coal Creek Tallgrass Prairie (page does not exist)">Coal Creek Tallgrass Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colorado_Tallgrass_Prairie_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colorado Tallgrass Prairie Natural Area (page does not exist)">Colorado Tallgrass Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_National_Grassland" title="Comanche National Grassland">Comanche Grassland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Copeland_Willow_Carr_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copeland Willow Carr Natural Area (page does not exist)">Copeland Willow Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corral_Bluffs_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corral Bluffs Natural Area (page does not exist)">Corral Bluffs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross_Mountain_Canyon_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cross Mountain Canyon Natural Area (page does not exist)">Cross Mountain Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakota_Hogback_Natural_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakota Hogback Natural Area">Dakota Hogback</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deer_Gulch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deer Gulch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Deer Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dome_Rock_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dome Rock Natural Area (page does not exist)">Dome Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Droney_Gulch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Droney Gulch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Droney Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duck_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duck Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Duck Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dudley_Bluffs_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dudley Bluffs Natural Area (page does not exist)">Dudley Bluffs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Lost_Park_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Lost Park Natural Area (page does not exist)">East Lost Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sand_Dunes_Natural_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="East Sand Dunes Natural Area">East Sand Dunes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elephant_Rocks_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elephant Rocks Natural Area (page does not exist)">Elephant Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalante_Canyon_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escalante Canyon Natural Area (page does not exist)">Escalante Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fairview_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fairview Natural Area (page does not exist)">Fairview</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fourmile_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fourmile Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Fourmile Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fruita_Paleontological_Locality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fruita Paleontological Locality (page does not exist)">Fruita Paleontological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_Park_Fossil_Locality" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden Park Fossil Locality">Garden Park Fossil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gateway_Palisade_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gateway Palisade Natural Area (page does not exist)">Gateway Palisade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geneva_Basin_Iron_Fens_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geneva Basin Iron Fens Natural Area (page does not exist)">Geneva Basin Iron Fens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gothic_Research_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gothic Research Natural Area (page does not exist)">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunnison_Gravels_Research_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunnison Gravels Research Natural Area (page does not exist)">Gunnison Gravels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haviland_Lake_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haviland Lake Natural Area (page does not exist)">Haviland Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Creek_Fen_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High Creek Fen Natural Area (page does not exist)">High Creek Fen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Mesa_Grassland_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High Mesa Grassland Natural Area (page does not exist)">High Mesa Grassland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoosier_Ridge_Research_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoosier Ridge Research Natural Area (page does not exist)">Hoosier Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Canyon_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hurricane Canyon Natural Area (page does not exist)">Hurricane Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Spring_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Spring Natural Area (page does not exist)">Indian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Springs_Trace_Fossil_Natural_Area" title="Indian Springs Trace Fossil Natural Area">Indian Springs Trace Fossil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Canyon_Natural_Area" title="Irish Canyon Natural Area">Irish Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jimmy_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jimmy Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Jimmy Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken-Caryl_Ranch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ken-Caryl Ranch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Ken-Caryl Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kremmling_Cretaceous_Ammonite_Locality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kremmling Cretaceous Ammonite Locality (page does not exist)">Kremmling Cretaceous Ammonite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limestone_Ridge_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limestone Ridge Natural Area (page does not exist)">Limestone Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lookout_Mountain_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lookout Mountain Natural Area (page does not exist)">Lookout Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lower_Greasewood_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lower Greasewood Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Lower Greasewood Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McElmo_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McElmo Natural Area (page does not exist)">McElmo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mexican_Cut_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mexican Cut Natural Area (page does not exist)">Mexican Cut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mini-Wheeler_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mini-Wheeler Natural Area (page does not exist)">Mini-Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miramonte_Reservoir_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miramonte Reservoir Natural Area (page does not exist)">Miramonte Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishak_Lakes_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mishak Lakes Natural Area (page does not exist)">Mishak Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Callahan_%26_Logan_Wash_Mine_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Callahan & Logan Wash Mine Natural Area (page does not exist)">Mount Callahan & Logan Wash Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Emmons_Iron_Bog_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Emmons Iron Bog Natural Area (page does not exist)">Mount Emmons Iron Bog</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Goliath_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Goliath Natural Area (page does not exist)">Mount Goliath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narraguinnep_Natural_Area" title="Narraguinnep Natural Area">Narraguinnep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needle_Rock_Natural_Area" title="Needle Rock Natural Area">Needle Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Park_Phacelia_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Park Phacelia Natural Area (page does not exist)">North Park Phacelia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orient_Mine_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orient Mine Natural Area (page does not exist)">Orient Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Owl_Canyon_Pinyon_Grove_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Owl Canyon Pinyon Grove Natural Area (page does not exist)">Owl Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagosa_Skyrocket_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagosa Skyrocket Natural Area (page does not exist)">Pagosa Skyrocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Park_Natural_Area" title="Paradise Park Natural Area">Paradise Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Creek_Hogback_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Park Creek Hogback Natural Area (page does not exist)">Park Creek Hogback</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyramid_Rock_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyramid Rock Natural Area (page does not exist)">Pyramid Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_Valley_(Colorado)" title="Rabbit Valley (Colorado)">Rabbit Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rajadero_Canyon_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rajadero Canyon Natural Area (page does not exist)">Rajadero Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven_Ridge" title="Raven Ridge">Raven Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redcloud_Peak" title="Redcloud Peak">Redcloud Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rough_Canyon_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rough Canyon Natural Area (page does not exist)">Rough Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxborough_State_Park" title="Roxborough State Park">Roxborough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryan_Gulch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryan Gulch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Ryan Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saddle_Mountain_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saddle Mountain Natural Area (page does not exist)">Saddle Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Miguel_River_at_Tabeguache_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Miguel River at Tabeguache Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">San Miguel River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sand_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sand Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Sand Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shell_Duck_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shell Duck Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Shell Duck Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shell_Rock_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shell Rock Natural Area (page does not exist)">Shell Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slumgullion_Earthflow" title="Slumgullion Earthflow">Slumgullion Earthflow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Beaver_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Beaver Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">South Beaver Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Boulder_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Boulder Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">South Boulder Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Cathedral_Bluffs_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Cathedral Bluffs Natural Area (page does not exist)">South Cathedral Bluffs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specimen_Mountain_Research_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Specimen Mountain Research Natural Area (page does not exist)">Specimen Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staunton_State_Park" title="Staunton State Park">Staunton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamarack_Ranch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamarack Ranch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Tamarack Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treasurevault_Mountain_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treasurevault Mountain Natural Area (page does not exist)">Treasurevault Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_K-T_Boundary_Natural_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinidad K-T Boundary Natural Area">Trinidad K-T Boundary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Two_Buttes_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two Buttes Natural Area (page does not exist)">Two Buttes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unaweep_Seep_Research_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unaweep Seep Research Natural Area (page does not exist)">Unaweep Seep</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wacker_Ranch_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wacker Ranch Natural Area (page does not exist)">Wacker Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">West Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeler_Geologic_Area" title="Wheeler Geologic Area">Wheeler Geologic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Rocks_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="White Rocks Natural Area (page does not exist)">White Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanks_Gulch/Upper_Greasewood_Creek_Natural_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yanks Gulch/Upper Greasewood Creek Natural Area (page does not exist)">Yanks Gulch/Upper Greasewood Creek Natural Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Falls" title="Zapata Falls">Zapata Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_Scenic_and_Historic_Byways" title="List of Colorado Scenic and Historic Byways">26 Scenic and Historic Byways</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Loop_Back_Country_Byway" title="Alpine Loop Back Country Byway">Alpine Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cache_la_Poudre-North_Park_Scenic_Byway" title="Cache la Poudre-North Park Scenic Byway">Cache la Poudre-North Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Peaks_Scenic_Byway" title="Collegiate Peaks Scenic Byway">Collegiate Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Headwaters_National_Scenic_Byway" title="Colorado River Headwaters National Scenic Byway">Colorado River Headwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Diamond" title="Dinosaur Diamond">Dinosaur Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_Tops_Trail_Scenic_Byway" title="Flat Tops Trail Scenic Byway">Flat Tops Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Pathways_National_Scenic_Byway" title="Frontier Pathways National Scenic Byway">Frontier Pathways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Belt_Tour_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="Gold Belt Tour Scenic and Historic Byway">Gold Belt Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mesa_National_Scenic_Byway" title="Grand Mesa National Scenic Byway">Grand Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanella_Pass_Scenic_Byway" title="Guanella Pass Scenic Byway">Guanella Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway_of_Legends_National_Scenic_Byway" title="Highway of Legends National Scenic Byway">Highway of Legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lariat_Loop_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="Lariat Loop Scenic and Historic Byway">Lariat Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Caminos_Antiguos_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="Los Caminos Antiguos Scenic and Historic Byway">Los Caminos Antiguos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Blue_Sky_Scenic_Byway" title="Mount Blue Sky Scenic Byway">Mount Blue Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_Pioneer_Trails_Scenic_Byway" title="Pawnee Pioneer Trails Scenic Byway">Pawnee Pioneer Trails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_to_Peak_Scenic_Byway" title="Peak to Peak Scenic Byway">Peak to Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Skyway_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="San Juan Skyway Scenic and Historic Byway">San Juan Skyway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Trail_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="Santa Fe Trail Scenic and Historic Byway">Santa Fe Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Thread_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Thread Scenic and Historic Byway">Silver Thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Platte_River_Trail_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="South Platte River Trail Scenic and Historic Byway">South Platte River Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Rockies_National_Scenic_Byway" title="Top of the Rockies National Scenic Byway">Top of the Rockies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracks_Across_Borders_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="Tracks Across Borders Scenic and Historic Byway">Tracks Across Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_of_the_Ancients" title="Trail of the Ancients">Trail of the Ancients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_Ridge_Road/Beaver_Meadow_National_Scenic_Byway" title="Trail Ridge Road/Beaver Meadow National Scenic Byway">Trail Ridge Road/Beaver Meadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unaweep_Tabeguache_Scenic_Byway" title="Unaweep Tabeguache Scenic Byway">Unaweep Tabeguache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Elk_Loop_Scenic_and_Historic_Byway" title="West Elk Loop Scenic and Historic Byway">West Elk Loop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trail" title="Trail">Trails</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_recreation_trails_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national recreation trails in Colorado">28 National Recreation Trails</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apex_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apex National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Apex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barr_Trail" title="Barr Trail">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bear_Creek_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bear Creek National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Bear Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Big_Dry_Creek_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Big Dry Creek National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Big Dry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calico_National_Recreation_Trail" title="Calico National Recreation Trail">Calico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crag_Crest_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crag Crest National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Crag Crest</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Devils_Head_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Devils Head National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Devils Head</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fish_Creek_Falls_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fish Creek Falls National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Fish Creek Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grays_Peak_Trail" title="Grays Peak Trail">Grays Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyrock_Mountain_National_Recreation_Trail" title="Greyrock Mountain National Recreation Trail">Greyrock Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Line_Canal" title="High Line Canal">High Line Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highline_Loop_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Highline Loop National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Highline Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Fork_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Fork National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Lake Fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_Belt_National_Recreation_Trail" title="Mineral Belt National Recreation Trail">Mineral Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Evans_National_Recreation_Trail" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Evans National Recreation Trail">Mount Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_McConnel_National_Recreation_Trail" title="Mount McConnel National Recreation Trail">Mount McConnel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petroglyph_Point_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petroglyph Point National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Petroglyph Point</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Platte_River_Greenway_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Platte River Greenway National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Platte River Greenway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poudre_River_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poudre River National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Poudre River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Arsenal_National_Recreation_Trails" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Recreation Trails">Rocky Mountain Arsenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Mountain_National_Recreation_Trail" title="Round Mountain National Recreation Trail">Round Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swamp_Park_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swamp Park National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Swamp Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Two_Elk_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two Elk National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Two Elk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Ponds_National_Recreation_Trail" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Ponds National Recreation Trail">Two Ponds</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vail_Pass_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vail Pass National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Vail Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Lost_Trail_Creek_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Lost Trail Creek National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">West Lost Trail Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheeler_Ten_Mile_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wheeler Ten Mile National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">Wheeler Ten Mile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Ranch_National_Recreation_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="White House Ranch National Recreation Trail (page does not exist)">White House Ranch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regional_trails_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regional trails in Colorado">6 Regional Trails</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Discovery_Trail" title="American Discovery Trail">American Discovery Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Trail" title="Colorado Trail">Colorado Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Divide_Mountain_Bike_Route" title="Great Divide Mountain Bike Route">Great Divide Mountain Bike Route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokopelli%27s_Trail" title="Kokopelli's Trail">Kokopelli's Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradox_Trail" title="Paradox Trail">Paradox Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabeguache_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabeguache Trail (page does not exist)">Tabeguache Trail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#bbeb85;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Department_of_Natural_Resources" title="Colorado Department of Natural Resources">Colorado Department of Natural Resources</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Colorado&#124;link=Colorado_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Colorado" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Colorado" title="Template:National Register of Historic Places in Colorado"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Colorado" title="Template talk:National Register of Historic Places in Colorado"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Colorado" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Register of Historic Places in Colorado"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Colorado&#124;link=Colorado_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Colorado" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado"><img alt="Colorado" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">National Register of Historic Places in Colorado</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_county:" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">By county</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Adams_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Adams County, Colorado">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Alamosa_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Alamosa County, Colorado">Alamosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Arapahoe_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Arapahoe County, Colorado">Arapahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Archuleta_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Archuleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Baca_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Baca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Bent_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Bent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Boulder_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Boulder County, Colorado">Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#City_and_County_of_Broomfield" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Broomfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chaffee_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chaffee County, Colorado">Chaffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Cheyenne_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clear_Creek_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clear Creek County, Colorado">Clear Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Conejos_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Conejos County, Colorado">Conejos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Costilla_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Costilla County, Colorado">Costilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Crowley_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Custer_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Custer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Delta_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Delta County, Colorado">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Denver" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Dolores_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Dolores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Douglas_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Douglas County, Colorado">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Eagle_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Eagle County, Colorado">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_El_Paso_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in El Paso County, Colorado">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Elbert_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Elbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fremont_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fremont County, Colorado">Fremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Garfield_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Garfield County, Colorado">Garfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Gilpin_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Gilpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Grand_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Grand County, Colorado">Grand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Gunnison_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Gunnison County, Colorado">Gunnison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hinsdale_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hinsdale County, Colorado">Hinsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Huerfano_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Huerfano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Jackson_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Colorado">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Kiowa_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Kiowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Kit_Carson_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Kit Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_La_Plata_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in La Plata County, Colorado">La Plata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lake_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lake County, Colorado">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Larimer_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Larimer County, Colorado">Larimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Las_Animas_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Las Animas County, Colorado">Las Animas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Lincoln_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Logan_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Logan County, Colorado">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Mesa_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Mesa County, Colorado">Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Mineral_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Mineral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Moffat_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Moffat County, Colorado">Moffat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montezuma_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montezuma County, Colorado">Montezuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montrose_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montrose County, Colorado">Montrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Morgan_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Morgan County, Colorado">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Otero_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Otero County, Colorado">Otero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Ouray_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Ouray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Park_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Park County, Colorado">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Phillips_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pitkin_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pitkin County, Colorado">Pitkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Prowers_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Prowers County, Colorado">Prowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pueblo_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pueblo County, Colorado">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rio_Blanco_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rio Blanco County, Colorado">Rio Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rio_Grande_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rio Grande County, Colorado">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Routt_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Routt County, Colorado">Routt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Saguache_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Saguache County, Colorado">Saguache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_San_Juan_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in San Juan County, Colorado">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#San_Miguel_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">San Miguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Sedgwick_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Summit_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Summit County, Colorado">Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Teller_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Teller County, Colorado">Teller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Washington_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Weld_County,_Colorado" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Weld County, Colorado">Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Colorado#Yuma_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado">Yuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prehistory_of_Colorado&params=38.9972_N_105.5478_W_dim:300000_region:region:US-CO_type:adm1st&title=Geometric+center+of+the+State+of+Colorado"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°59′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">105°32′52″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.9972°N 105.5478°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.9972; -105.5478</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Geometric center of the State of Colorado</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&oldid=1236938164">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_of_Colorado&oldid=1236938164</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prehistory_of_Colorado" title="Category:Prehistory of Colorado">Prehistory of Colorado</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archaeological_sites_in_Colorado" title="Category:Archaeological sites in Colorado">Archaeological sites in Colorado</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Native_American_history_of_Colorado" title="Category:Native American history of 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