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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=VPX" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=VPX" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Specification</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specification-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Specification subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Specification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Connector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Connector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Connector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Connector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Power_and_ruggedization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Power_and_ruggedization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Power and ruggedization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Power_and_ruggedization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products_and_OpenVPX" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_and_OpenVPX"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Products and OpenVPX</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products_and_OpenVPX-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Standards for connecting components of a computer</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:6U_VPX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/6U_VPX.jpg/220px-6U_VPX.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/6U_VPX.jpg/330px-6U_VPX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/6U_VPX.jpg/440px-6U_VPX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>6U VPX Video Output Module form Wolf company on DSEI-2019</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3U_VPX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/3U_VPX.jpg/220px-3U_VPX.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/3U_VPX.jpg/330px-3U_VPX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/3U_VPX.jpg/440px-3U_VPX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>3U VPX module</figcaption></figure> <p><b>VPX</b>, also known as <b>VITA 46</b>, is a set of standards for connecting components of a computer (known as a <a href="/wiki/Computer_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer bus">computer bus</a>), commonly used by <a href="/wiki/Defense_contractors" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense contractors">defense contractors</a>. Some are <a href="/wiki/ANSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ANSI">ANSI</a> standards such as ANSI/VITA 46.0–2019. VPX provides <a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">VMEbus</a>-based systems with support for <a href="/wiki/Switched_fabric" title="Switched fabric">switched fabrics</a> over a new high speed connector. Defined by the <a href="/wiki/VMEbus_International_Trade_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="VMEbus International Trade Association">VMEbus International Trade Association</a> (VITA) working group starting in 2003, it was first demonstrated in 2004, and became an ANSI standard in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>VPX was intended to address shortcomings in scalability and performance of on both side of the bus to bus bridging technology. The goal was to include newer faster VMEbus standards and new generations of PCI bus standards. </p><p>The VMEbus International Trade Association (VITA) working group, formed in March 2003, was composed of companies such as <a href="/wiki/ADLINK" title="ADLINK">ADLINK</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright" title="Curtiss-Wright">Curtiss-Wright</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elma_Electronic" title="Elma Electronic">Elma Electronic</a>, <a href="/wiki/GE_Intelligent_Platforms" class="mw-redirect" title="GE Intelligent Platforms">GE Intelligent Platforms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kontron" title="Kontron">Kontron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercury_Computer_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury Computer Systems">Mercury Computer Systems</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a>, it was designed with defense applications in mind, with an enhanced module standard that enables applications and platforms with superior performance. VPX retained VME's <a href="/wiki/Eurocard_(printed_circuit_board)" title="Eurocard (printed circuit board)">Eurocard</a> form factors, which are based on multiples of three <a href="/wiki/Rack_unit" title="Rack unit">rack units</a>: 3U means three rack units, and 6U six rack units. It supported <a href="/wiki/PCI_Mezzanine_Card" title="PCI Mezzanine Card">PCI Mezzanine Card</a> (PMC) and XMC mezzanines (PMC with high-speed serial fabric interconnect), and maintaining the maximum possible compatibility with VMEbus. </p><p>New generations of <a href="/wiki/Embedded_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Embedded systems">embedded systems</a> reflected the growing significance of high speed serial <a href="/wiki/Switched_fabric" title="Switched fabric">switched fabric</a> interconnects such as <a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/RapidIO" title="RapidIO">RapidIO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infiniband" class="mw-redirect" title="Infiniband">Infiniband</a> and <a href="/wiki/10_Gigabit_Ethernet" title="10 Gigabit Ethernet">10 Gigabit Ethernet</a>. These technologies are replacing traditional <a href="/wiki/Parallel_communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallel communications">parallel communications</a> bus architectures for local communications, because they offer significantly greater capability. Switched fabrics technology supports the implementation of <a href="/wiki/Multiprocessing" title="Multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a> systems that require the fastest possible communications between multiple processors, such as <a href="/wiki/Digital_signal_processing" title="Digital signal processing">digital signal processing</a> applications. VPX gives the existing base of VMEbus users access to these switched fabrics. </p><p>VPX technology was presented at a VMEbus International Trade Association (VITA) trade show in 2004, by a company called American Logic Machines USA.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Products were announced as early as 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specification">Specification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Specification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Technologies in VPX include: </p> <ul><li>Both 3U and 6U formats</li> <li>New 7-row high speed connector rated up to 6.25 Gbit/s</li> <li>Choice of high speed serial fabrics</li> <li>PMC, FMC (VITA 57), and XMC (VITA 42) mezzanines</li> <li>Hybrid backplanes to accommodate VME64, VME320 <a href="/wiki/VXS" title="VXS">VXS</a>, and VPX boards</li> <li>VPX - bus to bus bridges</li></ul> <p>The VPX standard was updated in 2013 and 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In common with other similar standards, VPX comprises a "base line" specification, which defines the basic mechanical and electrical elements of VPX, together with a series of "dot level" specifications, one or more of which must be implemented to create a functional module. The specifications and their status<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (November 2021)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> are: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.0 </th> <td>VPX Baseline Standard </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.1 </th> <td>VMEbus Signal Mapping on VPX </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.3 </th> <td>Serial RapidIO on VPX Fabric Connector </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.4 </th> <td>PCI Express® on VPX Fabric Connector </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.6 </th> <td>Gigabit Ethernet Control Plane on VPX </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.7 </th> <td>Ethernet on VPX Fabric Connector </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.9 </th> <td>PMC/XMC Rear I/O Fabric Signal Mapping on 3U and 6U VPX Modules Standard </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.10 </th> <td>Rear Transition Module for VPX </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.11 </th> <td>System Management on VPX </td> <td>ANSI ratified </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.12 </th> <td>Fiber Optic Interface on VPX </td> <td>Now VITA 66 </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.13 </th> <td>Fiber Channel on VPX </td> <td>Planned </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.20 </th> <td>Switch Slot Definition on VPX </td> <td>Draft </td></tr> <tr> <th>VITA 46.21 </th> <td>Distributed Switching Topologies </td> <td>Draft </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Connector">Connector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Connector"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The single biggest difference between original VMEbus boards and VPX boards is a new connector, developed by <a href="/wiki/Tyco_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyco Electronics">Tyco Electronics</a> and known as the MultiGig RT2 which was used in VXS.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Amphenol" title="Amphenol">Amphenol Aerospace</a> has since developed their RVPX line of connectors capable of speeds up to 32 Gb/s.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> VPX boards cannot be used in a standard VMEbus chassis, although the use of hybrid chassis is foreseen by the VPX standard. A 6U VPX board features six 16-column 7-row RT2/RVPX connectors and one 8-column 7-row RT2/RVPX connector, while a 3U board features two 16-column 7-row RT2/RVPX connectors and one 8-column 7-row RT2/RVPX connector. </p><p>Also new for VPX boards are alignment/keying blocks which are designed to be sufficiently robust to prevent pin stubbing. The blocks also provide card keying and a safety ground. A 6U board has three such keying blocks, while a 3U board has two. </p><p>The MultiGig RT2 connector is specifically designed to enable high performance. It accomplishes this through a 7-row 16-wafer (wafers can be power, <a href="/wiki/Differential_signaling" class="mw-redirect" title="Differential signaling">differential signaling</a> or single-ended) that delivers highly controlled impedance, minimal insertion loss and less than 3% crosstalk at transfer rates up to 6.25 Gbit/s. The new connector enables a 6U VPX board to feature a total of 707 non-power electrical contacts and a total of 464 signal contacts. The latter are usable as: </p> <ul><li>64 signals implemented as 32 high speed differential pairs for core fabric</li> <li>104 VME64 signals</li> <li>268 for user I/O including 128 high speed differential pairs (giving a total of 160 high speed differential pairs)</li> <li>28 for system utilities or spares</li></ul> <p>The connector is designed to allow a typical stiffening bar and a standard length PMC. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_and_ruggedization">Power and ruggedization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Power and ruggedization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The VITA 62 section of the VPX standard allows for more flexibility in maximizing power capability of the system, as compared to the old <a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">VMEbus</a> standards. "When the shared pins are utilized with multiple supplies, there are no real limitations on achievable power levels," states Patrick Shaw the chair of VITA 62.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Removing wasted heat is always one of the primary objectives related to the power supply of a system. The specification of 6U VPX calls for <a href="/wiki/Computer_cooling" title="Computer cooling">computer cooling</a> via a conduction-cooled envelope compliant with the <a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a> standard IEEE-1101.2, which is compatible with existing enclosures. Provision is also made for air-cooling via an IEEE 1101.1/10 form factor version. For more stringent cooling requirements, the REDI (Ruggedized Enhanced Design Implementation – previously known as VITA 48) standard describes how to implement layout techniques to better support cooling methodologies on specific form factors. This provides a specification not only for ESD metal covers on two sides of VPX boards, but also for forced air, conduction- and liquid-cooling implementations. REDI also addresses spray cooling. To allow for greater power and heat dissipation, REDI includes provision for increased board-to-board spacing and increased board thickness. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products_and_OpenVPX">Products and OpenVPX</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Products and OpenVPX"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manufacturers<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2021)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> announced products based on the VPX standard, in both 3U and 6U form factors. These include single-board computers (based on both <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> and <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> architectures), multiprocessors, graphics processors, FPGA-based processing modules, mass storage, switches, and complete integrated subsystems, which started appearing around 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The OpenVPX working group was formed in January 2009 to develop a system-level specification that addressed interoperability improvements for VPX. Three years after being called a "standard", most VPX products still had to have all components supplied by a single source.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a>, in particular, mandated improved interoperability of parts of different vendors.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October, 2009, the specification was submitted as VITA 65, and products were demonstrated at the Milcom 2009 conference.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2009, the 28 member companies formed an alliance for marketing their products.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The OpenVPX System Specification describes technical implementation details for 3U and 6U VPX payload and switch modules, backplane topologies, and chassis products, which provides guidance on how to build interoperable computing and communication systems. OpenVPX was a development of, and complementary to, VPX. The OpenVPX System Specification was ratified by ANSI in June 2010. By 2011, it was seen as replacing older forms of VMEbus.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOSA aims to guarantee interoperability between equipment adhering to the VPX standard from different vendors.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CompactPCI" title="CompactPCI">CompactPCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CompactPCI_Serial" title="CompactPCI Serial">CompactPCI Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VXI" class="mw-redirect" title="VXI">VXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI-X" title="PCI-X">PCI-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurebus" title="Futurebus">Futurebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">VMEbus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+Systems&rft.atitle=Live+OpenVPX+system+unveiled+at+Milcom&rft.date=2009-10-20&rft.au=Kathleen+Hickey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdefensesystems.com%2FArticles%2F2009%2F10%2F20%2FOpen-VPX-demonstration.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVPX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100907064145/http://www.vita.com/openvpx/">"VITA Members Form VPX Marketing Alliance"</a>. <i>Press release</i>. December 10, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vita.com/openvpx/">the original</a> on September 7, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Press+release&rft.atitle=VITA+Members+Form+VPX+Marketing+Alliance&rft.date=2009-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vita.com%2Fopenvpx%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVPX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrian_Roberts2011" class="citation news cs1">Brian Roberts (March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110413012343/http://www.vmecritical.com/articles/id/?5121">"Outpacing VME: OpenVPX fast-tracks technologies to the front lines"</a>. <i>VME and Critical Systems</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VME+and+Critical+Systems&rft.atitle=Outpacing+VME%3A+OpenVPX+fast-tracks+technologies+to+the+front+lines&rft.date=2011-03&rft.au=Brian+Roberts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vmecritical.com%2Farticles%2Fid%2F%3F5121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVPX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.militaryaerospace.com/computers/article/16722036/open-systems-standards-like-sosa-could-promote-genuine-embedded-computing-interoperability">"Open-systems standards like SOSA could promote genuine embedded computing interoperability"</a>. 22 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Open-systems+standards+like+SOSA+could+promote+genuine+embedded+computing+interoperability&rft.date=2019-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.militaryaerospace.com%2Fcomputers%2Farticle%2F16722036%2Fopen-systems-standards-like-sosa-could-promote-genuine-embedded-computing-interoperability&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVPX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.militaryaerospace.com/computers/article/14213476/sosa-open-systems-standards-embedded-computing">"The official Sensor Open Systems Architecture (SOSA) standard is out; so now what?"</a>. 5 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+official+Sensor+Open+Systems+Architecture+%28SOSA%29+standard+is+out%3B+so+now+what%3F&rft.date=2021-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.militaryaerospace.com%2Fcomputers%2Farticle%2F14213476%2Fsosa-open-systems-standards-embedded-computing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVPX" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VPX&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vita.com/VPX/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7907463#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Computer_bus" title="Template:Computer bus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Computer_bus" title="Template talk:Computer bus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Computer_bus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Computer bus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Technical_and_de_facto_standards_for_wired_computer_buses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Technical_standard" title="Technical standard">Technical</a> and <a href="/wiki/De_facto_standard" title="De facto standard"><i>de facto</i> standards</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wired_communication" title="Wired communication">wired</a> <a href="/wiki/Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">computer buses</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/System_bus" title="System bus">System bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front-side_bus" title="Front-side bus">Front-side bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-side_bus" title="Back-side bus">Back-side bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_chain_(electrical_engineering)" title="Daisy chain (electrical engineering)">Daisy chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_bus" title="Control bus">Control bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Address_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Address bus">Address bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_contention" title="Bus contention">Bus contention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_mastering" title="Bus mastering">Bus mastering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_on_a_chip" title="Network on a chip">Network on a chip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plug_and_play" title="Plug and play">Plug and play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_interface_bit_rates#Computer_buses" title="List of interface bit rates">List of bus bandwidths</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS-50_bus" title="SS-50 bus">SS-50 bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-100_bus" title="S-100 bus">S-100 bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multibus" title="Multibus">Multibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unibus" title="Unibus">Unibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAXBI_bus" title="VAXBI bus">VAXBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBus_(SPARC)" title="MBus (SPARC)">MBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STD_Bus" title="STD Bus">STD Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">SMBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-Bus" title="Q-Bus">Q-Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_Card_Bus" title="Europe Card Bus">Europe Card Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">ISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEbus" title="STEbus">STEbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiga_Zorro_II" title="Amiga Zorro II">Zorro II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiga_Zorro_III" title="Amiga Zorro III">Zorro III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Automated_Measurement_and_Control" title="Computer Automated Measurement and Control">CAMAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FASTBUS" title="FASTBUS">FASTBUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Pin_Count" title="Low Pin Count">LPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Precision_Bus" title="HP Precision Bus">HP Precision Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Extended Industry Standard Architecture">EISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">VME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VME_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation" title="VME eXtensions for Instrumentation">VXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VXS" title="VXS">VXS</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">VPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuBus" title="NuBus">NuBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TURBOchannel" title="TURBOchannel">TURBOchannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBus" title="SBus">SBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VESA_Local_Bus" title="VESA Local Bus">VLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSC_bus" title="GSC bus">HP GSC bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfiniBand" title="InfiniBand">InfiniBand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Port_Architecture" title="Ultra Port Architecture">UPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI-X" title="PCI-X">PCI Extended (PCI-X)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation" title="PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation">PXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express (PCIe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port" title="Accelerated Graphics Port">AGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compute_Express_Link" title="Compute Express Link">Compute Express Link (CXL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Media_Interface" title="Direct Media Interface">Direct Media Interface (DMI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RapidIO" title="RapidIO">RapidIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_QuickPath_Interconnect" title="Intel QuickPath Interconnect">Intel QuickPath Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NVLink" title="NVLink">NVLink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HyperTransport" title="HyperTransport">HyperTransport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infinity_Fabric" class="mw-redirect" title="Infinity Fabric">Infinity Fabric</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Ultra_Path_Interconnect" title="Intel Ultra Path Interconnect">Intel Ultra Path Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coherent_Accelerator_Processor_Interface" title="Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface">Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceWire" title="SpaceWire">SpaceWire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ST-506/ST-412" title="ST-506/ST-412">ST-506</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Small_Disk_Interface" title="Enhanced Small Disk Interface">ESDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_Peripheral_Interface" title="Intelligent Peripheral Interface">IPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storage_Module_Device" title="Storage Module Device">SMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_ATA" title="Parallel ATA">Parallel ATA (PATA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_and_Tag" title="Bus and Tag">Bus and Tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Storage_Systems_Interconnect" title="Digital Storage Systems Interconnect">DSSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIPPI" title="HIPPI">HIPPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SATA" title="SATA">Serial ATA (SATA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCSI" title="SCSI">SCSI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Attached_SCSI" title="Serial Attached SCSI">SAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESCON" title="ESCON">ESCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">Fibre Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Storage_Architecture" title="Serial Storage Architecture">SSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SATA_Express" title="SATA Express">SATAe</a></li> <li>PCI Express (via <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Host_Controller_Interface" title="Advanced Host Controller Interface">AHCI</a> or <a href="/wiki/NVM_Express" title="NVM Express">NVMe</a> logical device interface)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peripheral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Desktop_Bus" title="Apple Desktop Bus">Apple Desktop Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_SIO" title="Atari SIO">Atari SIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Control_Bus" title="Digital Control Bus">DCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_bus" title="Commodore bus">Commodore bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP-IL" title="HP-IL">HP-IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIL_bus" title="HIL bus">HIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-232" title="RS-232">RS-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-422" title="RS-422">RS-422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-423" title="RS-423">RS-423</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-485" title="RS-485">RS-485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_(connector)" title="Lightning (connector)">Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DMX512#DMX512-A" title="DMX512">DMX512-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE-488" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE-488">IEEE-488 (GPIB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1284" title="IEEE 1284">IEEE-1284 (parallel port)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">IEEE-1394 (FireWire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNI/O" title="UNI/O">UNI/O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1-Wire" title="1-Wire">1-Wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C2%B2C" title="I²C">I²C</a> (<a href="/wiki/ACCESS.bus" title="ACCESS.bus">ACCESS.bus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Power_Management_Bus" title="Power Management Bus">PMBus</a>, <a href="/wiki/System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">SMBus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I3C_(bus)" title="I3C (bus)">I3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface" title="Serial Peripheral Interface">SPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61030" title="IEC 61030">D²B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel SCSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profibus" title="Profibus">Profibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_Link" title="Camera Link">Camera Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_External_Cabling" title="PCI Express">External PCIe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)" title="Thunderbolt (interface)">Thunderbolt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADAT_Lightpipe" title="ADAT Lightpipe">ADAT Lightpipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AES3" title="AES3">AES3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_High_Definition_Audio" title="Intel High Definition Audio">Intel HD Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C2%B2S" title="I²S">I²S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MADI" title="MADI">MADI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McASP" title="McASP">McASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/PDIF" title="S/PDIF">S/PDIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOSLINK" title="TOSLINK">TOSLINK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PC_Card" title="PC Card">PC Card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExpressCard" title="ExpressCard">ExpressCard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Embedded</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multidrop_bus" title="Multidrop bus">Multidrop bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoreConnect" title="CoreConnect">CoreConnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Microcontroller_Bus_Architecture" title="Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture">AMBA</a> (<a href="/wiki/Advanced_eXtensible_Interface" title="Advanced eXtensible Interface">AXI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wishbone_(computer_bus)" title="Wishbone (computer bus)">Wishbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SLIMbus" title="SLIMbus">SLIMbus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.</small><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" 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