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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Anthony Benezet</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Benezet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Benezet.jpg/220px-Benezet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Benezet.jpg/330px-Benezet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Benezet.jpg/440px-Benezet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">"Benezet instructing colored children"'<br />Illustration by <a href="/wiki/John_Warner_Barber" title="John Warner Barber">John Warner Barber</a> in a book from 1850</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Antoine Bénézet</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1713-01-31</span>)</span>January 31, 1713<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Saint-Quentin,_Aisne" title="Saint-Quentin, Aisne">Saint-Quentin, Aisne</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">May 3, 1784<span style="display:none">(1784-05-03)</span> (aged 71)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">French-American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Teacher</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Advocacy for abolition</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid navy; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pennsylvania_state_historical_markers" title="List of Pennsylvania state historical markers">Pennsylvania Historical Marker</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Anthony Benezet (1713–1784)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">City</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criteria</th><td class="infobox-data">African American, Education, Religion, Women, Writers</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">June 04, 2016<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pennsylvania_state_historical_markers_in_Philadelphia_County" title="List of Pennsylvania state historical markers in Philadelphia County">Philadelphia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">325 Chestnut St., Philadelphia<br /><small><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Anthony_Benezet&params=39.94904_N_75.14721_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°56′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">75°08′50″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.94904°N 75.14721°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.94904; -75.14721</span></span></span></a></span></span></small></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anthony Benezet</b> (January 31, 1713 – May 3, 1784) was a French-born American abolitionist and teacher who was active in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. A prominent member of the <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism" title="Abolitionism">abolitionist movement</a> in North America, Benezet founded one of the world's first anti-slavery societies, the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Abolition_Society" title="Pennsylvania Abolition Society">Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage</a>. He also founded the first public school for girls in North America and the Negro School at Philadelphia, which operated into the nineteenth century. Benezet advocated for kind treatment of animals, racial equality and universal love.<sup id="cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hemphill_2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antoine was born in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Quentin,_Aisne" title="Saint-Quentin, Aisne">Saint-Quentin</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, to Jean-Étienne de Bénézet (later known as John Stephen Benezet) and his wife Judith de la Méjanelle, who were <a href="/wiki/Huguenot" class="mw-redirect" title="Huguenot">Huguenots</a> (French Protestants). The Huguenots had been persecuted and suffered violent attacks in France since the 1685 <a href="/wiki/Revocation_of_the_Edict_of_Nantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Revocation of the Edict of Nantes">revocation of the Edict of Nantes</a>, which had provided religious tolerance. For a while his family had received protection owing to their powerful connections. However in 1715 his father's goods were seized, so, like many others, the family left France rather than give up their religion.<sup id="cite_ref-Small_and_Cresson_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Small_and_Cresson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They moved first to <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a>, then briefly to <a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Greenwich</a> before settling in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, where there was a sizeable Huguenot refugee community. In 1727, Benezet joined the <a href="/wiki/Religious_Society_of_Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Society of Friends">Religious Society of Friends</a> (also known as Quakers). </p><p>In 1731, the Benezet family migrated to <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, founded by Quakers and one of the English colonies of North America. Then 18 years old, Anthony Benezet joined <a href="/wiki/John_Woolman" title="John Woolman">John Woolman</a> as one of the earliest American abolitionists. Like Woolman, Benezet also advocated war <a href="/wiki/Tax_resistance" title="Tax resistance">tax resistance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several years later in 1736, he married Joyce Marriott.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Philadelphia, Benezet worked to persuade his Quaker brethren that <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slave</a>-owning was not consistent with <a href="/wiki/Christian_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Doctrine">Christian doctrine</a>. He believed that the ban on slavery in the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a> should be extended to the North American and Caribbean colonies. (After the Americans gained independence in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a>, Benezet continued to urge the United States to ban slavery, and the state of Pennsylvania legislated slavery's <a href="/wiki/An_Act_for_the_Gradual_Abolition_of_Slavery" title="An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery">gradual abolition</a> in 1780.) </p><p>After several years as a failed merchant, in 1739 Benezet began teaching at a <a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Germantown</a> school, then a separate jurisdiction northwest of Philadelphia. In 1742, he moved to the Friends' English School of Philadelphia (now the <a href="/wiki/William_Penn_Charter_School" title="William Penn Charter School">William Penn Charter School</a>). In 1750 he added night classes for black slaves to his schedule. </p><p>In 1755, Benezet left the Friends' English School to set up his own school, the first public girls' school on the American continent. His students included daughters from prominent families, such as <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Norris_Logan" title="Deborah Norris Logan">Deborah Norris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sally_Wister" title="Sally Wister">Sally Wister</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1770, he founded the <a href="/wiki/Benezet%27s_School" title="Benezet's School">Negro School at Philadelphia</a> for black children. There was a growing <a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">free black</a> community in Philadelphia, which increased after the state abolished slavery. Abolitionist sympathizers, such as <a href="/wiki/Abigail_Hopper_Gibbons" title="Abigail Hopper Gibbons">Abigail Hopper Gibbons</a>, continued to teach at Benezet's Negro School in the years before the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. </p><p>In 1775, he helped found the first anti-slavery society, the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_the_Relief_of_Free_Negroes_Unlawfully_Held_in_Bondage" class="mw-redirect" title="Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage">Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage</a>. Eight years later in 1783, Benezet wrote a letter to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a> discussing "the cruelty of slavery and his opposition to the slave trade."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Benezet's death, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> and Dr. <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rush" title="Benjamin Rush">Benjamin Rush</a> reconstituted this association as the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Society_for_Promoting_the_Abolition_of_Slavery" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery">Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery</a>. </p><p>Benezet was known for his kindness to animals such as feeding rats in his garden.<sup id="cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hemphill_2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was once offered chicken for dinner which he replied "What, would you have me eat my neighbors?". Benezet and his wife were alleged to be vegetarians but according to Jacob Lindley, a Quaker minister who dined with Benezet and his wife, they ate <a href="/wiki/Corn_beef" class="mw-redirect" title="Corn beef">corn beef</a>, cabbage and potatoes.<sup id="cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hemphill_2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Benezet was a teetotaller and supported the <a href="/wiki/Temperance_movement" title="Temperance movement">temperance movement</a>. He authored a pamphlet in 1774, <i>The Mighty Destroyer Displayed</i> which influenced Benjamin Rush, an early temperance advocate.<sup id="cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hemphill_2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first anti-slavery newspaper article in the United States was published on March 8, 1775, in the <i>Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser</i>, a newspaper based in Philadelphia. The article, titled "The Slavery of Negroes in America," was written by the Quaker writer and abolitionist Anthony Benezet, and it called for the abolition of slavery in all the colonies and the end of the slave trade worldwide. <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The estimated population of 1775 Philadelphia was 40,000 people, making it the biggest city in all the colonies.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1817, the abolitionist <a href="/wiki/Roberts_Vaux" title="Roberts Vaux">Roberts Vaux</a> published a biography about Anthony Benezet.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Observations on the inslaving [sp], importing and purchasing of Negroes. With some advice thereon, extracted from the <a href="/wiki/Epistle_(Quaker)" title="Epistle (Quaker)">Epistle</a> of the yearly-meeting of the people called Quakers held at London in the year 1748.</i>, 1760</li></ul> <p>This brief work, written while Benezet was teaching at the Quaker Girls' School in Philadelphia, was the author's first publication to draw on sources documenting the African trade in slavery. </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/evans/N05675.0001.001/1:2?rgn=div1;view=fulltext"><i>An Epistle of Caution and Advice, Concerning the Buying and Keeping of Slaves</i></a>, 1754</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/zeaamericanstudies/43/"><i>A short account of that part of Africa inhabited by the negroes</i>, 1762</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_caution_and_warning_to_Great_Britain_and_Her_Colonies_in_a_short_representation_of_the_calamitous_state_of_the_enslaved_negroes_in_the_British_Dominions" class="extiw" title="s:A caution and warning to Great Britain and Her Colonies in a short representation of the calamitous state of the enslaved negroes in the British Dominions"><i>A Caution and Warning to Great Britain and her Colonies, in a short representation of the calamitous state of the enslaved negroes in the British Dominions. Collected from various authors, etc.</i></a>, 1767</li> <li><i>Some Historical Account of Guinea ... With an inquiry into the rise and progress of the slave-trade ... Also a republication of the sentiments of several authors of note on this interesting subject; particularly an extract of a treatise by <a href="/wiki/Granville_Sharp" title="Granville Sharp">Granville Sharp</a></i>, 1771</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=amqVqIsJR7QC&pg=PP3"><i>The potent enemies of America laid open : being some account of the baneful effects attending the use of distilled spirituous liquors, and the slavery of the Negroes : to which is added, The happiness attending life, when dedicated to the honour of God, and good of mankind, in the sentiments of some persons of eminence near the close of their lives, viz. the Earl of Essex, Count Oxcistern, H. Grotius, D. Brainard, John Lock, &c.</i></a>, 1774.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/9102947"><i>The mighty destroyer displayed, in some account of the dreadful havock made by the mistaken use as well as abuse of distilled spirituous liquors</i></a>, 1774.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/101279301"><i>Some observations on the situation, disposition, and character of the Indian natives of this continent</i></a>, 1784.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rush" title="Benjamin Rush">Benjamin Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cooper_(abolitionist)" title="David Cooper (abolitionist)">David Cooper (abolitionist)</a> contemporary abolitionist, authored book, coauthored by Benezet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolitionist_forerunners" title="List of abolitionist forerunners">List of abolitionist forerunners</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/PHMCWebSearch/ViewMarker.aspx?markerId=2492">"Pennsylvania Historical Marker Search"</a>. <i>PHMC</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PHMC&rft.atitle=Pennsylvania+Historical+Marker+Search&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phmc.state.pa.us%2FPHMCWebSearch%2FViewMarker.aspx%3FmarkerId%3D2492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hemphill_2021-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hemphill_2021_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hemphill, C. Dallett. (2021). <i>Philadelphia Stories: People and Their Places in Early America</i>. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 21-26. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0812253184" title="Special:BookSources/978-0812253184">978-0812253184</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Small_and_Cresson-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Small_and_Cresson_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmallCresson1905" class="citation book cs1">Small, Samuel; Cresson, Anne H. (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Zw6TBgAAQBAJ&q=%22James+Benezet%22&pg=PA206"><i>Genealogical records of George Small</i></a>. Samuel Small<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogical+records+of+George+Small&rft.pub=Samuel+Small&rft.date=1905&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.au=Cresson%2C+Anne+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZw6TBgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522James%2BBenezet%2522%26pg%3DPA206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gross, David M. <i>American Quaker War Tax Resistance</i> (2008) pp. 95-96, 174, 178-9 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4382-6015-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4382-6015-6">1-4382-6015-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/collectionofmemo00unse/page/326">A collection of memorials concerning divers deceased ministers and others of the people called Quakers</a>, p. 327</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#vaux">Vaux (ed), Benezet, 1817</a>, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ydI6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PR14">The Atlantic World of Anthony Benezet (1713-1784)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/object/hc135485">Letter to Charlotte Queen of Great Britain, 1783-08-25</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[the Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser, March 8th 1775]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nar.realtor/blogs/economists-outlook/largest-cities-in-the-united-states-in-1776-and-in-2076">"Largest Cities in the United States in 1776, and in 2076"</a>. 3 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Largest+Cities+in+the+United+States+in+1776%2C+and+in+2076&rft.date=2012-07-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nar.realtor%2Fblogs%2Feconomists-outlook%2Flargest-cities-in-the-united-states-in-1776-and-in-2076&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part3/3h257.html">"Benezet Instructing Colored Children"</a>, <i>Africans in America/Part 3</i>, PBS</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Anthony_Benezet" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Anthony Benezet">Anthony Benezet</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brycchancarey.com/abolition/benezet.htm">"Anthony Benezet: biography and bibliography"</a>, <i>Slavery, Emancipation, and Abolition</i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClaus_Bernet2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Claus Bernet (2008). "Anthony Benezet". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbkl.de/b/benezet_a"><i>Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL)</i></a></span> (in German). Vol. 29. Nordhausen: Bautz. cols. 146–157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-88309-452-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-88309-452-6"><bdi>978-3-88309-452-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anthony+Benezet&rft.btitle=Biographisch-Bibliographisches+Kirchenlexikon+%28BBKL%29&rft.place=Nordhausen&rft.pages=cols.+146-157&rft.pub=Bautz&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-3-88309-452-6&rft.au=Claus+Bernet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbkl.de%2Fb%2Fbenezet_a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="vaux" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benezet, Anthony</a> (1817). Roberts Vaux (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/memoirsoflifeofa00vaux2/page/n8"><i>Memoirs of the life of Anthony Benezet</i></a>. W. Alexander.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memoirs+of+the+life+of+Anthony+Benezet&rft.pub=W.+Alexander&rft.date=1817&rft.aulast=Benezet&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmemoirsoflifeofa00vaux2%2Fpage%2Fn8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jackson" title="Maurice Jackson">Jackson, Maurice</a> (2009). <i>Let This Voice Be Heard: Anthony Benezet, Father of American Abolitionism</i>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-4129-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-4129-7"><bdi>978-0-8122-4129-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Let+This+Voice+Be+Heard%3A+Anthony+Benezet%2C+Father+of+American+Abolitionism&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8122-4129-7&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Webster's Biographical Dictionary</i>, G. & C. Merriam Co., Springfield, MA (1980).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson1885" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1885). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Benezet, Anthony"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Benezet,_Anthony">"Benezet, Anthony" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Stephen" title="Leslie Stephen">Stephen, Leslie</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 4. London: Smith, Elder & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Benezet%2C+Anthony&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Finlayson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerona" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gerona, Carla. "Benezet, Anthony (1713–1784)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F2091">10.1093/ref:odnb/2091</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Benezet%2C+Anthony+%281713%E2%80%931784%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F2091&rft.aulast=Gerona&rft.aufirst=Carla&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="brookes" class="citation book cs1">Brookes, George S. (1937). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r04QAQAAIAAJ"><i>Friend Anthony Benezet</i></a>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781512810660" title="Special:BookSources/9781512810660"><bdi>9781512810660</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Friend+Anthony+Benezet&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=1937&rft.isbn=9781512810660&rft.aulast=Brookes&rft.aufirst=George+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr04QAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmistead1867" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Armistead" title="Wilson Armistead">Armistead, Wilson</a> (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EM7R5bt5cccC"><i>Life of Anthony Benezet</i></a>. Sherman & Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+of+Anthony+Benezet&rft.pub=Sherman+%26+Company&rft.date=1867&rft.aulast=Armistead&rft.aufirst=Wilson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEM7R5bt5cccC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnthony+Benezet" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Benezet&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/3995">Works by Anthony Benezet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+%28Antoine+OR+Anthony%29+AND+%28Bénézet+OR+Benezet%29+%29">Works by or about Anthony Benezet</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Benezet%2C%20Anthony%2C%201713%2D1784">Online Books by Anthony Benezet</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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Anthony">Susan B. Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Barclay" title="Robert Barclay">Robert Barclay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anthony Benezet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._Boulding" title="Kenneth E. Boulding">Kenneth E. Boulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Brinton" title="Howard Brinton">Howard Brinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cadbury" title="John Cadbury">John Cadbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Coffin" title="Levi Coffin">Levi Coffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Conway_(philosopher)" title="Anne Conway (philosopher)">Anne Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_Corder" title="Susanna Corder">Susanna Corder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dean" title="James Dean">James Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Evans_(Quaker_minister)" title="Joshua Evans (Quaker minister)">Joshua Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fell" title="Margaret Fell">Margaret Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Fox" title="George Fox">George Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Fry" title="Elizabeth Fry">Elizabeth Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Gurney" title="Joseph John Gurney">Joseph John Gurney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Harrison" title="Ruth Harrison">Ruth Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Heath" title="Carl Heath">Carl Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hicks" title="Edward Hicks">Edward Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Hicks" title="Elias Hicks">Elias Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hodgkin" title="Henry Hodgkin">Henry Hodgkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Jones_(writer)" title="Rufus Jones (writer)">Rufus Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Raymond_Kelly_(Quaker_mystic)" title="Thomas Raymond Kelly (Quaker mystic)">Thomas R. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephaniah_Kingsley" title="Zephaniah Kingsley">Zephaniah Kingsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lay" title="Benjamin Lay">Benjamin Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Matthews" title="Dave Matthews">Dave Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretia_Mott" title="Lucretia Mott">Lucretia Mott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Nayler" title="James Nayler">James Nayler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Palmer" title="Parker Palmer">Parker Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Paul" title="Alice Paul">Alice Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Penn" title="William Penn">William Penn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Pleasants" title="Robert Pleasants">Robert Pleasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betsy_Ross" title="Betsy Ross">Betsy Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayard_Rustin" title="Bayard Rustin">Bayard Rustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Coffin_Starbuck" title="Mary Coffin Starbuck">Mary Coffin Starbuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessamyn_West_(writer)" title="Jessamyn West (writer)">Jessamyn West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Greenleaf_Whittier" title="John Greenleaf Whittier">John Greenleaf Whittier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilbur_(Quaker_minister)" title="John Wilbur (Quaker minister)">John Wilbur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Wynne-Tyson" title="Jon Wynne-Tyson">Jon Wynne-Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woolman" title="John Woolman">John Woolman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yearly_Meeting" title="Yearly Meeting">Yearly Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monthly_meeting" title="Monthly meeting">Monthly Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Friends_Service_Committee" title="American Friends Service Committee">American Friends Service Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Quaker_Action_Group" title="A Quaker Action Group">A Quaker Action Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain_Yearly_Meeting" title="Britain Yearly Meeting">Britain Yearly Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Yearly_Meeting_of_Friends" title="Central Yearly Meeting of Friends">Central Yearly Meeting of Friends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Friends" title="Conservative Friends">Conservative Friends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Friends_Church_International" title="Evangelical Friends Church International">Evangelical Friends Church International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_Committee_on_National_Legislation" title="Friends Committee on National Legislation">Friends Committee on National Legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_General_Conference" title="Friends General Conference">Friends General Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_United_Meeting" title="Friends United Meeting">Friends United Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_World_Committee_for_Consultation" title="Friends World Committee for Consultation">Friends World Committee for Consultation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontheist_Quakers" title="Nontheist Quakers">Nontheist Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Council_for_European_Affairs" title="Quaker Council for European Affairs">Quaker Council for European Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Peace_and_Social_Witness" title="Quaker Peace and Social Witness">Quaker Peace and Social Witness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_United_Nations_Office" title="Quaker United Nations Office">Quaker United Nations Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakerism_in_Sichuan" title="Quakerism in Sichuan">Szechwan Yearly Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Gathering_of_Young_Friends" title="World Gathering of Young Friends">World Gathering of Young Friends</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Testimonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Testimony_of_peace" title="Testimony of peace">Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testimony_of_equality" title="Testimony of equality">Equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testimony_of_integrity" title="Testimony of integrity">Integrity ("Truth")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testimony_of_Simplicity" class="mw-redirect" title="Testimony of Simplicity">Simplicity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_North_America" title="Quakers in North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_Latin_America" title="Quakers in Latin America">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_Europe" title="Quakers in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_Africa" title="Quakers in Africa">Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quaker_businesses,_organizations_and_charities" title="List of Quaker businesses, organizations and charities">Businesses, organizations and charities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_science" title="Quakers in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_(Quaker)" title="Clerk (Quaker)">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_decision-making" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker decision-making">Decision Making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Discipline_(Quaker)" title="Book of Discipline (Quaker)"><i>Faith and Practice</i> or <i>Book of Discipline</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Quakers" title="History of the Quakers">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Experiment" title="Holy Experiment">Holy Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_Quakerism" title="Homosexuality and Quakerism">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inward_light" title="Inward light">Inward light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_meeting_house" title="Friends meeting house">Meeting houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_perfection#Quaker_teaching" title="Christian perfection">Perfectionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Query_(Quaker)" title="Query (Quaker)">Query</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Friends_schools" title="List of Friends schools">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Tapestry" title="Quaker Tapestry">Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_wedding" title="Quaker wedding">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_views_on_women" title="Quaker views on women">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Friends_Service_Committee_Nobel_nominees" title="List of American Friends Service Committee Nobel nominees">ASFC Nobel nominees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572877#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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