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<span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Descendants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Other sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barclay_(Qu%C3%A4ker)" title="Robert Barclay (Quäker) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Barclay (Quäker)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barclay" title="Robert Barclay – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Barclay" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barclay" title="Robert Barclay – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Barclay" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%84%D9%89" title="روبرت باركلى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت باركلى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barclay" title="Robert Barclay – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Barclay" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Баркли, Роберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Баркли, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" 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searchaux" style="display:none">17th-century Scottish Quaker</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Robert Barclay, see <a href="/wiki/Robert_Barclay_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Robert Barclay (disambiguation)">Robert Barclay (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Robert Barclay</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">2nd Governor of East Jersey</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 1682 – 3 October 1690</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rudyard" title="Thomas Rudyard">Thomas Rudyard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gawen_Lawrie" title="Gawen Lawrie">Gawen Lawrie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Neill_Campbell" title="Lord Neill Campbell">Lord Neill Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Andrew Hamilton</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Carteret_(colonial_governor)" title="Philip Carteret (colonial governor)">Philip Carteret</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Andros" title="Edmund Andros">Edmund Andros</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion of New England</a>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1648-12-23</span>)</span>23 December 1648</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">3 October 1690<span style="display:none">(1690-10-03)</span> (aged 41)<br /><a href="/wiki/Ury_House" title="Ury House">Ury House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kincardineshire" title="Kincardineshire">Kincardineshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Christian Molleson</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Robert, Patience, Catherine, Jane, Christian, <a href="/wiki/David_Barclay_of_Cheapside" title="David Barclay of Cheapside">David</a>, John</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scots_College_(Paris)" title="Scots College (Paris)">Scots College</a>, Paris</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Writer, apologist, politician</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Robert_Barclay_(1648%E2%80%931690).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Robert Barclay's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Signature_of_Robert_Barclay_%281648%E2%80%931690%29.png/128px-Signature_of_Robert_Barclay_%281648%E2%80%931690%29.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Signature_of_Robert_Barclay_%281648%E2%80%931690%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="71" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Barclay</b> (23 December 1648 – 3 October 1690) was a Scottish <a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quaker</a>, one of the most eminent writers belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Religious_Society_of_Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Society of Friends">Religious Society of Friends</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Clan_Barclay" title="Clan Barclay">Clan Barclay</a>. He was a son of Col. <a href="/wiki/David_Barclay_(soldier)" title="David Barclay (soldier)">David Barclay</a>, Laird of Urie, and his wife, Lady Katherine Barclay. Although he himself never lived there, Barclay was titular governor of the <a href="/wiki/East_Jersey" title="East Jersey">East Jersey</a> colony in North America<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> through most of the 1680s. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barclay was born at Gordonstoun<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Moray" title="Moray">Moray</a>, Scotland. His father <a href="/wiki/David_Barclay_(Quaker)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Barclay (Quaker)">David Barclay</a>, first <a href="/wiki/Laird" title="Laird">laird</a> of <a href="/wiki/Urie_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Urie House">Ury</a>, had served under <a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus" title="Gustavus Adolphus">Gustavus Adolphus</a>, and pursued a somewhat tortuous course through the troubles of the <a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms">Civil Wars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother was Katherine Gordon (1620–1663), daughter of Sir <a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Gordon,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Gordon, 1st Baronet">Robert Gordon, 1st Baronet</a> of Gordonstoun. </p><p>Robert was sent to finish his education at the <a href="/wiki/Scots_College_(Paris)" title="Scots College (Paris)">Scots College</a>, Paris, of which his uncle<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was Rector, and made such progress in study as to gain the admiration of his teachers, specially of his uncle, who offered to make him his heir if he would remain in France, and join the Roman Catholic Church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joining_the_Society_of_Friends">Joining the Society of Friends</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Joining the Society of Friends"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1667, however, he followed the example of his father, and joined the recently formed Religious Society of Friends<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after returning to Scotland. Soon afterwards he began to write in defence of the movement, by publishing in 1670 <i>Truth cleared of Calumnies</i>, and a <i>Catechism and Confession of Faith</i> (1673). In 1670 he had married another Quaker, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Mollison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Mollison (page does not exist)">Christian Mollison</a> (c.1651–1722), daughter of Gilbert Mollison of <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeen, Scotland">Aberdeen</a>. They had seven children: three sons (Robert, David and John) and four daughters (Patience, Catherine, Christian and Jean).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The essential view which Barclay maintained was that all people can be illuminated by the <a href="/wiki/Inner_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner light">Inward Light of Christ</a> "which is the author of the Scriptures and will lead them into all truth". His works have often been reprinted. He was an ardent theological student, a man of warm feelings and considerable mental powers, and he soon came prominently forward as the leading apologist of the new doctrine, winning his spurs in a controversy with one William Mitchell. The publication of fifteen <i>Theses Theologiae</i> (1676) led to a public discussion in <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeen, Scotland">Aberdeen</a>, each side claiming a victory. The most prominent of the <i>Theses</i> was that bearing on immediate revelation, in which the superiority of the Inward Light of Christ to reason or scripture is sharply stated.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was noted as a strong supporter of <a href="/wiki/George_Fox" title="George Fox">George Fox</a> in the controversies that beset Quakers in the 1670s. His greatest work, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=An_Apology_for_the_True_Christian_Divinity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="An Apology for the True Christian Divinity (page does not exist)">An Apology for the True Christian Divinity</a></i>, was published in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> at <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> in 1676, and was an elaborate statement of the grounds for holding certain fundamental positions laid down in the <i>Theses</i>. It was translated by its author into English in 1678, and is claimed to be "one of the most impressive theological writings of the century".<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Apology</i>, however, failed to arrest the persecution to which the Quakers were exposed, and Barclay himself, on returning from Europe, where he travelled extensively (once with <a href="/wiki/William_Penn" title="William Penn">William Penn</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Fox" title="George Fox">George Fox</a>), and had several interviews with <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Bohemia,_Princess_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Palatine">Elisabeth, Princess Palatine</a>, was several times thrown into prison, but soon regained his liberty, and was in the enjoyment of Court favour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_influence">Political influence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In later years he had much influence with <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II</a>, who as Duke of York had given <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> to Sir <a href="/wiki/George_Carteret" title="George Carteret">George Carteret</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Berkeley,_1st_Baron_Berkeley_of_Stratton" title="John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton">John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton</a>. After Carteret's death his half (<a href="/wiki/East_Jersey" title="East Jersey">East Jersey</a>) was sold in 1682 to twelve people, eleven of whom were members of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Friends">Society of Friends</a>. One of the eleven Quaker proprietors was William Penn, and after expanding to include a larger number of proprietors, the group elected Barclay to be the governor. He is said to have visited James with a view to making terms of accommodation with <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William of Orange</a>, whose arrival was then imminent.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_East_New_Jersey">Governor of East New Jersey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Governor of East New Jersey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barclay was an absentee governor, never having set foot in the colony. he governed through a series of deputy governors, who oversaw day-to-day operations of Barclay's government. </p><p>Englishman <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rudyard" title="Thomas Rudyard">Thomas Rudyard</a>, a London lawyer, was the first to serve as deputy under Robert Barclay, having been appointed on 16 September 1682. Rudyard was the de facto governor. It was during Rudyard's tenure that the four counties of <a href="/wiki/Bergen_County,_New_Jersey" title="Bergen County, New Jersey">Bergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Essex County, New Jersey">Essex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Middlesex County, New Jersey">Middlesex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a> were established.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudyard and Surveyor General Samuel Groom soon had a policy disagreement on the granting of land. Groom believed in adhering to the <a href="/wiki/Concession_and_Agreement" title="Concession and Agreement">Concession and Agreement</a> of <a href="/wiki/John_Berkeley,_1st_Baron_Berkeley_of_Stratton" title="John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton">John Lord Berkekey</a> and Sir <a href="/wiki/George_Carteret" title="George Carteret">George Carteret</a>, which stated that one seventh part of all land allotments was to be reserved to the <a href="/wiki/Lords_Proprietors" class="mw-redirect" title="Lords Proprietors">Lords Proprietors</a>. Rudyard disagreed with this policy and he and the <a href="/wiki/East_New_Jersey_Provincial_Council" title="East New Jersey Provincial Council">Council</a> appointed Philip Wells as Deputy Surveyor, thereby circumventing Groom's authority. The Proprietors in England disapproved of Rudyard and Wells' actions, voiding all grants not surveyed by Groom. Rudyard and the Council replied that they would continue granting land as they had been doing, as the majority of Proprietors were not living in East Jersey. The Proprietors then, on 27 July 1683, appointed <a href="/wiki/Gawen_Lawrie" title="Gawen Lawrie">Gawen Lawrie</a> Deputy Governor, replacing Rudyard.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudyard remained in office as Secretary and Register until 1685.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thomas Rudyard's land dealings resurfaced when, on 28 February 1684/5, he received a grant of 1,038 acres (420 ha) on <a href="/wiki/Raritan_Bay" title="Raritan Bay">Raritan Bay</a> in Monmouth County. This resulted in Governor Barclay and the Proprietors issuing instructions to Deputy Governor Lawrie on the laying out of land. Section 7 directly addressed the questionable activity of Rudyard and Lawrie himself in their taking up of land.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 5 November 1685 Rudyard sold the land in question to his son in law, Samuel Winder, who on 17 June 1686 sold to <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bowne" title="Andrew Bowne">Andrew Bowne</a>. </p><p>During Gawen Lawrie's tenure the Proprietors in England drafted a new constitution for East New Jersey, the Fundamental Constitutions for the Province of East New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This document, drafted in 1683, was intended to supersede the <a href="/wiki/Concession_and_Agreement" title="Concession and Agreement">Concession and Agreement</a> of 1665. Lawrie introduced the new constitution in <a href="/wiki/East_New_Jersey_Provincial_Council" title="East New Jersey Provincial Council">Council</a> on 12 April 1686; the Council voted "that the same Did not agree with the (constitution) of these American parts--", but nonetheless sent it to the General Assembly for reading.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 April, in response to Lawrie's inquiry as to the Assembly's action on the constitution, the lower house reported "That they apprehended the same Did not agree with the (constitution) of this province and that they understood that the same were noe wise bindeing Except past into a Lawe by the Generall Assembly--".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With both houses concurring, the Fundamental Constitutions was defeated, and the Concession and Agreement would remain the East Jersey constitution until the surrender to <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">The Crown</a> in 1702. </p><p>The Proprietors in England were concerned about the Lawrie's secretive dealings and they instructed the East New Jersey Board of Proprietors to investigate the state of affairs, including an audit of the finances. In March 1686 the Proprietors appointed <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Andrew Hamilton</a> to oversee the investigation. </p><p>In September 1686 the decision was made to remove Lawrie from office, and on 5 October <a href="/wiki/Lord_Neill_Campbell" title="Lord Neill Campbell">Lord Neill Campbell</a> presented his commission from Gov. Barclay as deputy governor to the <a href="/wiki/East_New_Jersey_Provincial_Council" title="East New Jersey Provincial Council">East New Jersey Provincial Council</a>, who confirmed and recognized the appointment. Lawrie was then commissioned a member of the council. </p><p>Campbell, a Scotsman like Barclay, only served briefly; having urgent business in Britain, he nominated Councillor <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Andrew Hamilton</a> as his replacement as Deputy Governor on 10 December 1686; the next day Lawrie was the only councillor to register a protest and vote against confirming Hamilton.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neill Campbell returned to Scotland and is not known to have returned to the New World. Lord Neill Campbell died in April 1692. </p><p>Andrew Hamilton was Barclay's final deputy governor. Originally a merchant in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, he was sent to <a href="/wiki/East_Jersey" title="East Jersey">East Jersey</a> to act as an agent to recruit men to settle there. </p><p>After Sir <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Andros" title="Edmund Andros">Edmund Andros</a> took control over the Jerseys as part of the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion of New England</a>, Hamilton sailed back to England to consult with the Proprietors. On the voyage, he was captured by the French, delaying his journey to London until May 1690. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Robert Barclay's later years were spent at his estate of <a href="/wiki/Ury_House" title="Ury House">Ury</a>, where he died. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descendants">Descendants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Robert Barclay had a son, known as <a href="/wiki/David_Barclay_of_Cheapside" title="David Barclay of Cheapside">David Barclay of Cheapside</a> (1682–1769), who became a wealthy merchant in the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a>. David married Priscilla Freame, daughter of the banker <a href="/wiki/John_Freame" title="John Freame">John Freame</a>, and they had a son known as <a href="/wiki/David_Barclay_of_Youngsbury" title="David Barclay of Youngsbury">David Barclay of Youngsbury</a> (1729–1809).<sup id="cite_ref-Kuper2009_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kuper2009-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His legacy was as one of the founders of the present-day <a href="/wiki/Barclays_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Barclays Bank">Barclays Bank</a>, a century ahead of its formation under that name, and in the brewing industry; he also <a href="/wiki/Manumission" title="Manumission">manumitted</a> an estate of slaves in Jamaica. </p><p>A more distant descendant is <a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Wakefield" title="Priscilla Wakefield">Priscilla Wakefield</a>, née Priscilla Bell (1751–1832). She was an English Quaker, educational and feminist economics writer, and philanthropist. Her mother was Barclay's granddaughter.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1670: <i>Truth cleared of Calumnies, wherein a book, entitled, A Dialogue between a Quaker and a Stable Christian, (printed at Aberdeen, and, upon good ground, judged to be writ by William Mitchel, a preacher near by it, or at least that he had a chief hand in it,) is examined, and the disingenuity of the Author, in his representing the Quakers, is discovered; here is also their case truly stated, cleared, demonstrated, and the Objections of their opposers answered according to truth, scripture, and right reason; to which are subjoined, Queries to the Inhabitants of Aberdeen, which might also be of use to such as are of the same mind with them elsewhere in the world.</i></li> <li>1671: <i>William Mitchell unmasked, or the Staggering instability of the pretended Stable Christian discovered; his omissions observed, and weakness unvailed, &c.</i></li> <li>1672: <i>Seasonable warning and serious exhortation to, and expostulation with, the inhabitants of Aberdeen, concerning this present dispensation and day of God’s living visitation towards them.</i></li> <li>1673: <i>A Catechism and Confession of Faith, approved of, and agreed to by the general assembly of the patriarchs, prophets, and apostles, Christ himself chief speaker in and among them, which containeth a true and faithful account of the principles and doctrines which are most surely believed by the churches of Christ in Great Britain and Ireland, who are reproachfully called by the name of Quakers, yet are found in the one faith with the primitive church and saints, &c.</i></li> <li>1674: <i>The Anarchy of the Ranters and other Libertines, &c.</i></li> <li>1675: <i>Theses Theologicae</i> (trans. "Theological Theses")</li> <li>1676: <i>Theologiae vere Christianae Apologia</i> (trans. "An apology for a really Christian Theology")</li> <li>1676: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=An_Apology_for_the_true_Christian_Divinity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="An Apology for the true Christian Divinity (page does not exist)">An Apology for the true Christian Divinity</a>, as the same is held forth and preached by the people called, in scorn, Quakers; being a full Explanation and Vindication of their Principles and Doctrines, by many Arguments deduced from Scripture and right reason, and the testimonies of famous Authors, both ancient and modern, with a full Answer to the strongest Objections usually made against them; presented to the King; written and published, in Latin, for the information of Strangers, by Robert Barclay; and now put into our own Language, for the benefit of his Countrymen.</i></li> <li>1676: <i>Quakerism Confirmed; being an answer to a pamphlet by the Aberdeen Students, entitled Quakerism Canvassed, written in conjunction with George Keith</i></li> <li>1677: <i>An Epistle of Love and Friendly Advice to the Ambassadors of the several Princes of Europe met at Nimeguen, to consult the peace of Christendom so far as they are concerned. Written in Latin, but published also in English for the benefit of his countrymen</i></li> <li>1677: <i>Treatise on Universal Love</i></li> <li>1679: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=An_Apology_for_the_true_Christian_Divinity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="An Apology for the true Christian Divinity (page does not exist)">Apology for the true Christian Divinity Vindicated</a></i></li> <li>1679: <i>Vindication of his Anarchy of the Ranters</i></li> <li>1686: <i>The Possibility and Necessity of the Inward and Immediate Revelation of the Spirit of God, towards the foundation and ground of true Faith, proved in a Letter written in Latin to a person of Quality in Holland, and now also put into English</i></li> <li>1686: <i>A true and Faithful Account of the most material Passages of a Dispute between some Students of Divinity (so called), of the University of Aberdeen, and the People called Quakers, held in Aberdeen, in Scotland, in Alexander Harper his close, (or yard), before some hundred of Witnesses, upon the 14th day of the second month, called April, 1675, there being John Lesley, Alexander Sherreff, and Paul Gellie, Master of Arts, opponents; and defendants, upon the Quakers' part, Robert Barclay and George Keith: Preses for moderating the meeting, chosen by them, Andrew Thomson, Advocate; and by the Quakers, Alexander Skein, sometime a Magistrate of the City: published for preventing misreports, by Alexander Skein, John Skein Alexander Harper, Thomas Merser, and John Cowie. To which is added, Robert Barclay’s Offer to the Preachers of Aberdeen, renewed and reinforced.</i></li> <li>1692: <i>Works</i> (folio)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">List of colonial governors of New Jersey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/David_Crystal" title="David Crystal">David Crystal</a>, editor, <i>The Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia</i>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1994, p. 73: "He became one of the proprietors of East New Jersey in 1682, and was appointed its nominal nonresident governor."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Crystal, editor, <i>The Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1994, p. 73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Barclay,_Robert" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Barclay, Robert">Barclay, Robert</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 394–395.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barclay%2C+Robert&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=394-395&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarclay1812" class="citation book cs1">Barclay, R. (1812). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vTsWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA26"><i>Genealogical Account of the Barclays of Urie; for Upwards of Seven Hundred Years: With Memoirs of Colonel David Barclay, and His Son Robert Barclay-also Letters that Passed Between Him, the Duke of York ... and Other Distinguished Characters</i></a>. J. Herbert. p. 26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogical+Account+of+the+Barclays+of+Urie%3B+for+Upwards+of+Seven+Hundred+Years%3A+With+Memoirs+of+Colonel+David+Barclay%2C+and+His+Son+Robert+Barclay-also+Letters+that+Passed+Between+Him%2C+the+Duke+of+York+...+and+Other+Distinguished+Characters&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=J.+Herbert&rft.date=1812&rft.aulast=Barclay&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvTsWAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His uncle was Robert Barclay (1611/12–1682), see <a href="/wiki/ODNB" class="mw-redirect" title="ODNB">ODNB</a> article by Brian M. Halloran, 'Barclay, Robert (1611/12–1682)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/67834">[1]</a>, accessed 3 December 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christian Barclay: see ODNB article by Gordon DesBrisay, 'Barclay, Robert, of Ury (1648–1690)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1347">[2]</a>, accessed 3 December 2007. and - for children: P. G. M. Dickson, 'Barclay, David (1682–1769)’, rev., Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/37149,">accessed 10 Aug 2008</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Through his son David, Robert Barclay was the 4x great grandfather of the artist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Polhill_Bevan" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Polhill Bevan">Robert Polhill Bevan</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"one of the most impressive theological writings of the century and often marked by the eloquence of lofty moral convictions'." said by Leslie Stephen, according to <i>The age of Dryden</i> by Richard Garnett, on Googlebooks <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ep5LD1m3IssC&dq=%22one+of+the+most+impressive+theological+writings+of+the+century%22&pg=PA226">p226.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter O. Wacker, <i>Land and People</i>; Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1975; p.305</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter O. Wacker, <i>Land and People</i>; Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1975; p.307</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">New Jersey Colonial Documents, Archives of the State of New Jersey, First Series, Vol. I; Daily Advertiser Publishing House, Newark, New Jersey, 1880. p. 376</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Grants, Concessions and Original Constitutions of the Province of New Jersey</i>, Aaron Leaming and Jacob Spicer; W. Bradford, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1758. pp. 207-213</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Grants, Concessions and Original Constitutions of the Province of New Jersey</i>, Aaron Leaming and Jacob Spicer; W. Bradford, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1758. pp. 153 <i>et seq.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Journal of the Governor and Council Vol. I (1682-1714), Archives of the State of New Jersey, First Series, Vol. XIII</i>; The John L. Murphy Publishing Co., Printers, Trenton, New Jersey, 1890. p. 151</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Journal of the Governor and Council Vol. I (1682-1714), Archives of the State of New Jersey, First Series, Vol. XIII</i>; The John L. Murphy Publishing Co., Printers, Trenton, New Jersey, 1890. p. 158</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Journal of the Governor and Council Vol. I (1682-1714), Archives of the State of New Jersey, First Series, Vol. XIII</i>; The John L. Murphy Publishing Co., Printers, Trenton, New Jersey, 1890. p. 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kuper2009-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kuper2009_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdam_Kuper2009" class="citation book cs1">Adam Kuper (30 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aoldc5fJeH8C&pg=PA114"><i>Incest & Influence: The Private Life of Bourgeois England</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-03589-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-03589-8"><bdi>978-0-674-03589-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Incest+%26+Influence%3A+The+Private+Life+of+Bourgeois+England&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2009-10-30&rft.isbn=978-0-674-03589-8&rft.au=Adam+Kuper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Daoldc5fJeH8C%26pg%3DPA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickson" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Dickson, P. G. M. "Barclay, David (1682–1769)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F37149">10.1093/ref:odnb/37149</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barclay%2C+David+%281682%E2%80%931769%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F37149&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=P.+G.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ann B. Shteir, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/28420">‘Wakefield , Priscilla (1750–1832)’</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 24 October 2008.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sources">Other sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9013333/Robert-Barclay">Encyclopædia Britannica website</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Barclay,_Robert" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Chambers_(publisher_born_1802)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Chambers (publisher born 1802)">Chambers, Robert</a>; <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Napier_Thomson" title="Thomas Napier Thomson">Thomson, Thomas Napier</a> (1857). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:A biographical dictionary of eminent Scotsmen/Barclay, Robert"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_biographical_dictionary_of_eminent_Scotsmen/Barclay,_Robert">"Barclay, Robert" </a></span>. <i>A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen</i>. Vol. 1. Glasgow: Blackie and Son. pp. 149–157 – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barclay%2C+Robert&rft.btitle=A+Biographical+Dictionary+of+Eminent+Scotsmen&rft.place=Glasgow&rft.pages=149-157&rft.pub=Blackie+and+Son&rft.date=1857&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Thomson%2C+Thomas+Napier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCousin1910" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_William_Cousin" title="John William Cousin">Cousin, John William</a> (1910), "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature/Barclay,_Robert" class="extiw" title="s:A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Barclay, Robert">Barclay, Robert</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature" title="A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature">A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature</a></i>, London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barclay%2C+Robert&rft.btitle=A+Short+Biographical+Dictionary+of+English+Literature&rft.place=London&rft.pub=J.+M.+Dent+%26amp%3B+Sons&rft.date=1910&rft.aulast=Cousin&rft.aufirst=John+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Barclay, Robert (1648-1690)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Barclay,_Robert_(1648-1690)">"Barclay, Robert (1648-1690)" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barclay%2C+Robert+%281648-1690%29&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1885%2F1900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Barclay" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Carteret_(colonial_governor)" title="Philip Carteret (colonial governor)">Philip Carteret</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">Governor of East Jersey</a> </b><br />1682–1688 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Andros" title="Edmund Andros">Edmund Andros</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_East_New_Jersey" title="Template:Governors of East New Jersey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_East_New_Jersey" title="Template talk:Governors of East New Jersey"><abbr title="Discuss this 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion <br /> <span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1688–89)</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Andros" title="Edmund Andros">Andros</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Basse" title="Jeremiah Basse">Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Hamilton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443578#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/129448184">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83238525">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12182883g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12182883g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35839119">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2008452270&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX846239">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p06959127X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/5037155">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=163415">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/31fjmqrm32t9494">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810685108405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/17888">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007276242005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058524384606706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05925600?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1110393">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd129448184.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/129448184">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030409446">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6v122rc">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&oldid=1230406858">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Barclay&oldid=1230406858</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1648_births" title="Category:1648 births">1648 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1690_deaths" title="Category:1690 deaths">1690 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="Category:Colonial 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