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class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Sheikh Rayees</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108715768"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108715768/Inhibition_of_phosphotidylinositol_3_kinase_pathway_by_a_novel_naphthol_derivative_of_betulinic_acid_induces_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_in_cancer_cells_of_different_origin"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Inhibition of phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase pathway by a novel naphthol derivative of betulinic acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells of different origin" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107027619/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108715768/Inhibition_of_phosphotidylinositol_3_kinase_pathway_by_a_novel_naphthol_derivative_of_betulinic_acid_induces_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_in_cancer_cells_of_different_origin">Inhibition of phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase pathway by a novel naphthol derivative of betulinic acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells of different origin</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cell Death &amp; Disease</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid natural product reported to inhibit cell growth...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid natural product reported to inhibit cell growth in a variety of cancers. However, the further clinical development of BA got hampered because of poor solubility and pharmacological properties. Interestingly, this molecule offer several hotspots for structural modifications in order to address its associated issues. In our endeavor, we selected C-3 position for the desirable chemical modification in order to improve its cytotoxic and pharmacological potential and prepared a library of different triazoline derivatives of BA. Among them, we previously reported the identification of a potential molecule, that is, 3{1N(5-hydroxy-naphth-1yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4yl}methyloxy betulinic acid (HBA) with significant inhibition of cancer cell growth and their properties. In the present study, we have shown for the first time that HBA decreased the expression of phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) p110α and p85α and caused significant downregulati...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="123948ab80b36ab307e24472ba41a348" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107027619,"asset_id":108715768,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107027619/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108715768"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108715768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108715768; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66399015"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/66399015/Traditional_Plants_with_Anti_asthmatic_Potential"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Traditional Plants with Anti-asthmatic Potential" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/77605319/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/66399015/Traditional_Plants_with_Anti_asthmatic_Potential">Traditional Plants with Anti-asthmatic Potential</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Aerva lanata L. is a medicinal plant related to the Amaranthaceae family. It is mainly seen growi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Aerva lanata L. is a medicinal plant related to the Amaranthaceae family. It is mainly seen growing along roadside and most commonly identified by its small flowers with woollen texture. This plant is usually used to manage asthma (Kumar et al. 2009). Ageratum conyzoides L. is a medicinal plant related to Asteraceae family, central to tropical America but its distribution is largely in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. This medicinal plant has a long list of reports for treating asthma patients all over the globe (Achola and Munenge 1998). Argemone Mexicana is a medicinal plant most commonly located in agricultural fields of India and known to possess anti-stress and anti-allergic properties. The leaves, stems, and roots of this plant have been customarily used to manage asthma and respiratory illnesses (Bhalke and Gosavi 2009). Crinum glaucum and Asystasia gangetica, popularly named as creeping foxglove are medicinal plants common in the Nigerian region of Africa continent. Both have been successful to alleviate all the symptoms of bronchial asthma and cough relief (Okpo et al. 2001; Akah et al. 2003). Acorus calamus proves extremely successful to completely eliminate the harmful effects of asthma in all age groups by discarding phlegm and catarrhal substances from trachea and tubes of the bronchia (Saxena and Saxena 2014). Adhatoda vasica (L.) Nees (Acanthaceae), a small evergreen shrub commonly known as Malabar nut tree is used in indigenous system of medicine in India to treat various ailments. This plant is found in most parts of India up to an altitude of 1300 m. It is also found in Pakistan, Myanmar, Nepal, and Germany. The leaves of this plant are used to treat various respiratory disorders like asthma, cough, and bronchial obstruction (Gupta and Prajapati 2010; Hooper 1888; Kaur et al. 2013). Adhatoda vasica has been included in WHO manual "The Use of Traditional Medicine in Primary Health Care" for treating cough, asthma, and bleeding piles. This manual aims to facilitate the health workers of SouthEast Asia about the therapeutic uses of surrounding flora (Organization WH 1990).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ea527713de8c48abb2eafcf0f94ec26c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":77605319,"asset_id":66399015,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77605319/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66399015"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66399015"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66399015; 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This study will enable in determination of piperine exposures needed to predict the dose regimen for clinical trials to test the proposed mechanism of action in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the concurrently administered drugs. A single dose of piperine was administered intravenously (10 mg/kg) by jugular vein cannulation and orally (20 mg/kg) by oral gavage in male Wistar rats. Serial blood samples were collected and plasma piperine concentrations were determined using HPLC. After intravenous administration the apparent terminal half-life (7.999 hr), apparent steady state volume of distribution (7.046 L/kg) and total body clearance (0.642 L/kg/hr) were calculated. After oral administration the apparent terminal half-life ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c346e20a4e191f03d80b1cdbacb67fa8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":77605324,"asset_id":66399007,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77605324/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66399007"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66399007"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66399007; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66399005"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66399005/Traditional_Plant_Compounds_for_the_Treatment_of_Neuropsychiatric_Disorders"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Traditional Plant Compounds for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66399005/Traditional_Plant_Compounds_for_the_Treatment_of_Neuropsychiatric_Disorders">Traditional Plant Compounds for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Neuropsychiatric disorders affect a massive chunk of world population directly or indirectly. The...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Neuropsychiatric disorders affect a massive chunk of world population directly or indirectly. The disability caused by neuropsychiatric disorders has a huge burden on one’s personal and family life and on the society, in general. Unfortunately, the affected person faces negative impact of discrimination everywhere, and the families too have to make adjustments and compromises in today’s life events, affecting their quality of life. The neuropsychiatric disorders are complex, which reflects in their inept treatment regimen. The direct connection of neuropsychiatric disorders with one’s behaviour makes them different from the rest of human health complications. The drugs and treatments are usually symptom specific, and the symptoms are usually overlapping between these disorders making the treatment non-specific. The side effects of the medicine and therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders are enormous and often lead to further complications due to off-targets. 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=66398998]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":66398998,"title":"Transcription Factor Modulators","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66398998/Transcription_Factor_Modulators","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398996"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398996/Asthma_Chinese_Herbal_Remedies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Asthma Chinese Herbal Remedies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/77605318/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398996/Asthma_Chinese_Herbal_Remedies">Asthma Chinese Herbal Remedies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd3267b89ca40241c191a4d310331e84" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":77605318,"asset_id":66398996,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77605318/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398996"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398996"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398996; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398996]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398996]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398996; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398996']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd3267b89ca40241c191a4d310331e84" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=66398996]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":66398996,"title":"Asthma Chinese Herbal Remedies","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66398996/Asthma_Chinese_Herbal_Remedies","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[{"id":77605318,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/77605318/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"978-3-030-70270-0_13.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77605318/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Asthma_Chinese_Herbal_Remedies.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/77605318/978-3-030-70270-0_13-libre.pdf?1640796462=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAsthma_Chinese_Herbal_Remedies.pdf\u0026Expires=1740040791\u0026Signature=WmoFeDUqP~2u77iiqXGtmv1V~Y3R9tOHz0455Y1egYzMbHYa5NXpgmM~8RkfVWh1cmnMq2NQU9oWju2dBtNvgsH1WsIDFZYq~v9cY99CEI8Rs5jgUe3q5uqFjwgidbCWsFgSsfzmsQEgM2vG6JuLolJiZli0Lp4JAi81i0dQPm7XBYldbNq-xzXRk~VcDmH18YfdSjddne6O330cYfl8tlEu3PkN6gp1avPjqR1NApr~wynwzj55BTufBWKRgJdeXB3608yaz5CafAYJyfHzPFjQpPX-moq~3MTtFRwgTiXIzxXRbATYzOLJ3ywti1j3OygeUfPguoJSiqm4c-Uzxg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398993"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398993/Withania_somnifera_From_Traditional_Use_to_Evidence_Based_Medicinal_Prominence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Withania somnifera: From Traditional Use to Evidence Based Medicinal Prominence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398993/Withania_somnifera_From_Traditional_Use_to_Evidence_Based_Medicinal_Prominence">Withania somnifera: From Traditional Use to Evidence Based Medicinal Prominence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Science of Ashwagandha: Preventive and Therapeutic Potentials</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Withania somnifera is wonder shrub used traditionally as a folk medicine for several remedies in ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Withania somnifera is wonder shrub used traditionally as a folk medicine for several remedies in the Indian subcontinent. During last few decades numerous scientific studies have shown the potential therapeutic prospects of this herb and of its various constituents in different disease models. Several classes of compounds including withanolides, sitoindosides and other useful alkaloids have been isolated from this plant with promising medicinal value. It has been demonstrated that different parts of plant including roots, leaves and fruits exhibit unique biological activities that actually are manifested to the presence and the abundance of specific constituent/s in the respective parts of the plant. It was also established that same plant grown at different locations under varied environmental conditions influences the synthesis of the individual constituents in different parts of the plant, hence their biological activities. Studies conducted in cellular and murine models have shown that extracts made of roots bear immune activating properties, whereas leaf extracts showed anticancer activities. It has been observed that root and leaf extracts of plant characterised with about a dozen markers displayed that root extracts demonstrated Th1 specific immunomodulatory and anti-inflamatory activities, whereas leaf extracts showed anticancer properties, respectively. It was further explored that anti-cancer potential of leaf extracts was mainly due to Withaferin A, a potent cytotoxic withanoloid, existing in abundance and a major constituent in the leaves of the plant. Similarly, anti-inflammatory and Th1 immune skewing properties of the root extract was conferred to the higher amount of Withanolide A, present in the roots of the plant along with other constituents. Meanwhile several studies have deciphered the role of individual constituents in various biological activities with extensive mechanism of action discussed in this review. This review while summarises the potential medicinal benefits of the W.somnifera, it also emphasizes that marketed product of the plant extracts for human consumption should scientifically validated for bioactive constitutents.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398993"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398993"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398993; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398993]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398993]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398993; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398993']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=66398993]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":66398993,"title":"Withania somnifera: From Traditional Use to Evidence Based Medicinal Prominence","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66398993/Withania_somnifera_From_Traditional_Use_to_Evidence_Based_Medicinal_Prominence","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398990"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398990/Evidence_for_reprogramming_of_monocytes_into_reparative_alveolar_macrophages_in_vivo_by_targeting_PDE4b"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398990/Evidence_for_reprogramming_of_monocytes_into_reparative_alveolar_macrophages_in_vivo_by_targeting_PDE4b">Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic inflammation are hallmarks of acute lung in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic inflammation are hallmarks of acute lung injury. Alveolar macrophages (AMϕ), the predominant sentinel cell type in the airspace, die in massive numbers while fending off pathogens. Recent studies indicate that the AMϕ pool is replenished by airspace-recruited monocytes, but the mechanisms instructing the conversion of recruited monocytes into reparative AMϕ remain elusive. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a vascular barrier protective and immunosuppressive second messenger in the lung. Here, we subjected mice expressing GFP under the control of the Lysozyme-M promoter (LysM-GFP mice) to the LPS model of rapidly resolving lung injury to address the impact of mechanisms determining cAMP levels in AMϕ and regulation of mobilization of the reparative AMϕ-pool. RNA-seq analysis of flow-sorted Mϕ identified phosphodiesterase 4b (PDE4b) as the top LPS-responsive cAMP-regulating gene. We observed that PDE4b expression markedly increased at the time ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398990"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398990"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398990; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398990]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398990; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398990']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=66398990]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":66398990,"title":"Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66398990/Evidence_for_reprogramming_of_monocytes_into_reparative_alveolar_macrophages_in_vivo_by_targeting_PDE4b","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398927"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398927/Macrophage_TLR4_and_PAR2_Signaling_Role_in_Regulating_Vascular_Inflammatory_Injury_and_Repair"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Macrophage TLR4 and PAR2 Signaling: Role in Regulating Vascular Inflammatory Injury and Repair" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398927/Macrophage_TLR4_and_PAR2_Signaling_Role_in_Regulating_Vascular_Inflammatory_Injury_and_Repair">Macrophage TLR4 and PAR2 Signaling: Role in Regulating Vascular Inflammatory Injury and Repair</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Frontiers in Immunology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Macrophages play a central role in dictating the tissue response to infection and orchestrating s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Macrophages play a central role in dictating the tissue response to infection and orchestrating subsequent repair of the damage. In this context, macrophages residing in the lungs continuously sense and discriminate among a wide range of insults to initiate the immune responses important to host-defense. Inflammatory tissue injury also leads to activation of proteases, and thereby the coagulation pathway, to optimize injury and repair post-infection. However, long-lasting inflammatory triggers from macrophages can impair the lung&#39;s ability to recover from severe injury, leading to increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic injury, hallmarks of Acute Lung Injury (ALI). In this review, we discuss the roles of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protease activating receptor 2 (PAR2) expressed on the macrophage cell-surface in regulating lung vascular inflammatory signaling.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398927"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398927"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398927; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398927]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398927; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398927']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426411"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426411/Ethanolic_Extract_of_Alternanthera_sessilis_AS_1_Inhibits_IgE_mediated_Allergic_Response_in_RBL_2H3_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ethanolic Extract of Alternanthera sessilis (AS-1) Inhibits IgE-mediated Allergic Response in RBL-2H3 Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485835/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426411/Ethanolic_Extract_of_Alternanthera_sessilis_AS_1_Inhibits_IgE_mediated_Allergic_Response_in_RBL_2H3_Cells">Ethanolic Extract of Alternanthera sessilis (AS-1) Inhibits IgE-mediated Allergic Response in RBL-2H3 Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study was designed to investigate the anti-allergic effects of ethanolic extract of A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study was designed to investigate the anti-allergic effects of ethanolic extract of Alternanthera sessilis (AS-1) in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. It significantly reduced the b-hexosaminidase release from anti-DNP-IgE sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. AS-1also inhibited the IgE antibody-induced increase in Interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-a, IL-13 and IL-4 production in these cells. The inhibitory effect of AS-1 on these cytokine was found to be nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) dependent, as it attenuated the degradation of IKBa and nuclear translocation of NFkB. In addition, AS-1 significantly attenuated the DNP HAS-induced intracellular Ca 2+ release from these cells, which makes us speculate strongly that the decreased intracellular Ca 2+ is involved in the inhibitory effect of AS-1 on b-hexoaminidase release. Taken together, anti-allergic effects of AS-1 suggest possible therapeutic application of this extract in allergic diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1c8a2750a3ed8c3a5ac8f80ff0253746" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485835,"asset_id":38426411,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485835/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426411"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426411"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426411; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426403"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426403/Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natural_product_l_vasicine_as_anti_hypertensive_agents"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis of ofornine mimics from natural product l-vasicine as anti-hypertensive agents" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485825/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426403/Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natural_product_l_vasicine_as_anti_hypertensive_agents">Synthesis of ofornine mimics from natural product l-vasicine as anti-hypertensive agents</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We report the chemical synthesis of Ofornine mimics from l-vasicine, structure-activity relations...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We report the chemical synthesis of Ofornine mimics from l-vasicine, structure-activity relationship studies and their in vivo screening for anti-hypertensive action in Wistar rats. It was observed that most of the analogs possessed anti-hypertensive effect; however, the duration of the effect was variable and mostly transient. The results demonstrated that the analogs 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 showed a sharp and significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure for 30-60 min after intravenous administration. Analog (S)-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)(2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)phenyl)methanone (8) showed a significant decrease in blood pressure in a dose dependent manner whose maximal response lowered to 79.29 ± 4.26 mmHg of SBP and 62.55 ± 2.9 of DBP at 10 mg/kg intravenous dose. Further, the significant anti-hypertensive effect of 8 lasted for about 2.5 h at 10 mg/kg dose. We also evaluated the acute toxicity of the analog 8 as per the OECD guidelines and the compound was found to be safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. These preclinical findings suggest that the analog 8 could be considered as a promising lead and a durable anti-hypertensive drug candidate and deserves further investigation. The SAR studies clearly showed that the amide, hydroxyl and pyridine ring plays important role in showing the activity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d9d5b46dba4ffd8eb9b478392aa1cec2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485825,"asset_id":38426403,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485825/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426403"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426403"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426403; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426403]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426403]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426403; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38426403']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d9d5b46dba4ffd8eb9b478392aa1cec2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38426403]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38426403,"title":"Synthesis of ofornine mimics from natural product l-vasicine as anti-hypertensive agents","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38426403/Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natural_product_l_vasicine_as_anti_hypertensive_agents","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[{"id":58485825,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485825/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"hypertension14456-main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485825/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natura.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58485825/hypertension14456-main-libre.pdf?1550963742=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natura.pdf\u0026Expires=1740040791\u0026Signature=GdgrhrbbLs8GHjwHvQDo3fdCFMcdIwbOR-KcY81pOxWXYTuH0Pgs~-HaWADYyUescTSrDxoPgrhBQl8FrLRzdtu7uA9-7e6LmMwZnHfZp-V5QTUbZeJ4IEe4biP8fO6Pi7nlXgyQm1Y~LWv8LND0yXMNgGXheJJYfzVMFMvrtFrQ~2RW~gHZ0CO8a7N8SXsr6iBvWI6vzExr5SGcY4Lj-JZSmxnHNxMyuI3cJM1ZyTQlDDXgBWaSV4VO9hf-2GCli~4U5RQAtCjSiJwsFzawbh21bAfZysr53TLGuXAGjP8lyAnLXR1UyghxceL0vo1n8qtCk9V1~wO~zhF0i9zQdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426399"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426399/Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_Inducible_Nitric_Oxide_Synthase_and_Attenuates_Asthma_in_a_Mouse_Model_of_Asthma"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Safranal of Crocus sativus L. Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Asthma in a Mouse Model of Asthma" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485819/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426399/Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_Inducible_Nitric_Oxide_Synthase_and_Attenuates_Asthma_in_a_Mouse_Model_of_Asthma">Safranal of Crocus sativus L. Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Asthma in a Mouse Model of Asthma</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study involves evaluation of antioxidant potential of Crocus sativus and its main con...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study involves evaluation of antioxidant potential of Crocus sativus and its main constituents, safranal (SFN) and crocin (CRO), in bronchial epithelial cells, followed antiinflammatory potential of the active constituent safranal, in a murine model of asthma. To investigate the antioxidizing potential of Crocus sativus and its main constituents in bronchial epithelial cells, the stress was induced in these cells by a combination of different cytokines that resulted in an increase in nitric oxide production (NO), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, peroxynitrite ion generation, and cytochrome c release. Treatment with saffron and its constituents safranal and crocin resulted in a decrease of NO, iNOS levels, peroxynitrite ion generation, and prevented cytochrome c release. However, safranal significantly reduced oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells via iNOS reduction besides preventing apoptosis in these cells. In the murine model of asthma study, antiinflammatory role of safranal was characterized by increased airway hyper-responsiveness, airway cellular infiltration, and epithelial cell injury. Safranal pretreatment to these allergically inflamed mice lead to a significant decrease in airway hyper-responsiveness and airway cellular infiltration to the lungs. It also reduced iNOS production, bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis, and Th2 type cytokine production in the lungs.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a1fee7e20b22e3e82d3d05011dcd59d1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485819,"asset_id":38426399,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485819/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426399"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426399"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426399; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426399]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426399]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426399; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38426399']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a1fee7e20b22e3e82d3d05011dcd59d1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38426399]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38426399,"title":"Safranal of Crocus sativus L. Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Asthma in a Mouse Model of Asthma","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38426399/Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_Inducible_Nitric_Oxide_Synthase_and_Attenuates_Asthma_in_a_Mouse_Model_of_Asthma","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[{"id":58485819,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485819/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"safranal.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485819/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_In.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58485819/safranal-libre.pdf?1550963746=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSafranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_In.pdf\u0026Expires=1740040791\u0026Signature=MGQgwAXRN8MKNlGZqMjpOEnstgyVO3kupTv2gPT5LBDFUVKRGFeawC0Ye5iEykHdxOVMCg5jSsnJoQiq7whX2VvvcyUkfBmCngAY~ie-WPpWtiC6hgY15mxlrCNEeLKFWaUtAzOzkyoDZfrJR9QVcCRd9o6r8D435i2wgw38BJiqJDnZEhe5x~5kmxY1eIQh~H~2JNcejR0OqgtrT4RK2ybkhT8Qnk91w5wgzpBiSzRJ7kX3wCmIitkReEePWXAwg36DN0yTt2gZpVUDTzkfS7YBvjmHXHge1Rnq3GL4YZU4lK2O~pBo9FNI01sN4ZQgBKGt2y1xJJT~BSn9GJT02g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426398"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426398/Therapeutic_effects_of_R8_a_semi_synthetic_analogue_of_Vasicine_on_murine_model_of_allergic_airway_inflammation_via_STAT6_inhibition"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Therapeutic effects of R8, a semi-synthetic analogue of Vasicine, on murine model of allergic airway inflammation via STAT6 inhibition" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485820/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426398/Therapeutic_effects_of_R8_a_semi_synthetic_analogue_of_Vasicine_on_murine_model_of_allergic_airway_inflammation_via_STAT6_inhibition">Therapeutic effects of R8, a semi-synthetic analogue of Vasicine, on murine model of allergic airway inflammation via STAT6 inhibition</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a follow-up study of our previous work in which we screened a series of Vasicine analogue...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a follow-up study of our previous work in which we screened a series of Vasicine analogues for their antiinflammatory activity in a preventive OVA induced murine model of asthma. The study demonstrated that R8, one of the analogues, significantly suppressed the Th2 cytokine production and eosinophil recruitment to the airways. In the present study, we have been using two standard experimental murine models of asthma, where the mice were treated with R8 either during (preventive use) or after (therapeutic use) the development of asthma features. In the preventive model, R8 reduced inflammatory cell infiltration to the airways, OVA specific IgE and Th2 cytokine production. Also, the R8 treatment in the therapeutic model decreased methacholine induced AHR, Th2 cytokine release, serum IgE levels, infiltration of inflammatory cells into the airways, phosphorylation of STAT6 and expression of GATA3. Moreover, R8 not only reduced goblet cell metaplasia in asthmatic mice but also reduced IL-4 induced Muc5AC gene expression in human alveolar basal epithelial cells. Further, R8 attenuated IL-4 induced differentiation of murine splenocytes into Th2 cells in vitro. So, we may deduce that R8 treatment profoundly reduced asthma features by attenuating the differentiation of T cells into Th2 cells by interfering with the binding of IL-4 to its receptor in turn decreasing the phosphorylation of STAT6 and expression of GATA3 in murine model of asthma. These preclinical findings suggest a possible therapeutic role of R8 in allergic asthma.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9a00109fbce61d5033696a1fd4c74cbb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485820,"asset_id":38426398,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485820/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426398"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426398"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426398; 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It is characterized by persistent airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, increased IgE levels and mucus hypersecretion. Asthma is mediated by dominant Th2 immune response, causing enhanced expression of Th2 cytokines. These cytokines are responsible for the various pathological changes associated with allergic asthma.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9fe55659a0516f4751ce80441c45dc5f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485802,"asset_id":38426386,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485802/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426386"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426386"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426386; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="958770" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108715768"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108715768/Inhibition_of_phosphotidylinositol_3_kinase_pathway_by_a_novel_naphthol_derivative_of_betulinic_acid_induces_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_in_cancer_cells_of_different_origin"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Inhibition of phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase pathway by a novel naphthol derivative of betulinic acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells of different origin" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107027619/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108715768/Inhibition_of_phosphotidylinositol_3_kinase_pathway_by_a_novel_naphthol_derivative_of_betulinic_acid_induces_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_in_cancer_cells_of_different_origin">Inhibition of phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase pathway by a novel naphthol derivative of betulinic acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells of different origin</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cell Death &amp; Disease</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid natural product reported to inhibit cell growth...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid natural product reported to inhibit cell growth in a variety of cancers. However, the further clinical development of BA got hampered because of poor solubility and pharmacological properties. Interestingly, this molecule offer several hotspots for structural modifications in order to address its associated issues. In our endeavor, we selected C-3 position for the desirable chemical modification in order to improve its cytotoxic and pharmacological potential and prepared a library of different triazoline derivatives of BA. Among them, we previously reported the identification of a potential molecule, that is, 3{1N(5-hydroxy-naphth-1yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4yl}methyloxy betulinic acid (HBA) with significant inhibition of cancer cell growth and their properties. In the present study, we have shown for the first time that HBA decreased the expression of phosphotidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) p110α and p85α and caused significant downregulati...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="123948ab80b36ab307e24472ba41a348" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107027619,"asset_id":108715768,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107027619/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108715768"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108715768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108715768; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66399015"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/66399015/Traditional_Plants_with_Anti_asthmatic_Potential"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Traditional Plants with Anti-asthmatic Potential" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/77605319/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/66399015/Traditional_Plants_with_Anti_asthmatic_Potential">Traditional Plants with Anti-asthmatic Potential</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Aerva lanata L. is a medicinal plant related to the Amaranthaceae family. It is mainly seen growi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Aerva lanata L. is a medicinal plant related to the Amaranthaceae family. It is mainly seen growing along roadside and most commonly identified by its small flowers with woollen texture. This plant is usually used to manage asthma (Kumar et al. 2009). Ageratum conyzoides L. is a medicinal plant related to Asteraceae family, central to tropical America but its distribution is largely in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. This medicinal plant has a long list of reports for treating asthma patients all over the globe (Achola and Munenge 1998). Argemone Mexicana is a medicinal plant most commonly located in agricultural fields of India and known to possess anti-stress and anti-allergic properties. The leaves, stems, and roots of this plant have been customarily used to manage asthma and respiratory illnesses (Bhalke and Gosavi 2009). Crinum glaucum and Asystasia gangetica, popularly named as creeping foxglove are medicinal plants common in the Nigerian region of Africa continent. Both have been successful to alleviate all the symptoms of bronchial asthma and cough relief (Okpo et al. 2001; Akah et al. 2003). Acorus calamus proves extremely successful to completely eliminate the harmful effects of asthma in all age groups by discarding phlegm and catarrhal substances from trachea and tubes of the bronchia (Saxena and Saxena 2014). Adhatoda vasica (L.) Nees (Acanthaceae), a small evergreen shrub commonly known as Malabar nut tree is used in indigenous system of medicine in India to treat various ailments. This plant is found in most parts of India up to an altitude of 1300 m. It is also found in Pakistan, Myanmar, Nepal, and Germany. The leaves of this plant are used to treat various respiratory disorders like asthma, cough, and bronchial obstruction (Gupta and Prajapati 2010; Hooper 1888; Kaur et al. 2013). Adhatoda vasica has been included in WHO manual "The Use of Traditional Medicine in Primary Health Care" for treating cough, asthma, and bleeding piles. 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This study will enable in determination of piperine exposures needed to predict the dose regimen for clinical trials to test the proposed mechanism of action in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the concurrently administered drugs. A single dose of piperine was administered intravenously (10 mg/kg) by jugular vein cannulation and orally (20 mg/kg) by oral gavage in male Wistar rats. Serial blood samples were collected and plasma piperine concentrations were determined using HPLC. After intravenous administration the apparent terminal half-life (7.999 hr), apparent steady state volume of distribution (7.046 L/kg) and total body clearance (0.642 L/kg/hr) were calculated. After oral administration the apparent terminal half-life ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c346e20a4e191f03d80b1cdbacb67fa8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":77605324,"asset_id":66399007,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77605324/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66399007"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66399007"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66399007; 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The...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Neuropsychiatric disorders affect a massive chunk of world population directly or indirectly. The disability caused by neuropsychiatric disorders has a huge burden on one’s personal and family life and on the society, in general. Unfortunately, the affected person faces negative impact of discrimination everywhere, and the families too have to make adjustments and compromises in today’s life events, affecting their quality of life. The neuropsychiatric disorders are complex, which reflects in their inept treatment regimen. The direct connection of neuropsychiatric disorders with one’s behaviour makes them different from the rest of human health complications. The drugs and treatments are usually symptom specific, and the symptoms are usually overlapping between these disorders making the treatment non-specific. The side effects of the medicine and therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders are enormous and often lead to further complications due to off-targets. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398993"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398993/Withania_somnifera_From_Traditional_Use_to_Evidence_Based_Medicinal_Prominence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Withania somnifera: From Traditional Use to Evidence Based Medicinal Prominence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398993/Withania_somnifera_From_Traditional_Use_to_Evidence_Based_Medicinal_Prominence">Withania somnifera: From Traditional Use to Evidence Based Medicinal Prominence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Science of Ashwagandha: Preventive and Therapeutic Potentials</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Withania somnifera is wonder shrub used traditionally as a folk medicine for several remedies in ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Withania somnifera is wonder shrub used traditionally as a folk medicine for several remedies in the Indian subcontinent. During last few decades numerous scientific studies have shown the potential therapeutic prospects of this herb and of its various constituents in different disease models. Several classes of compounds including withanolides, sitoindosides and other useful alkaloids have been isolated from this plant with promising medicinal value. It has been demonstrated that different parts of plant including roots, leaves and fruits exhibit unique biological activities that actually are manifested to the presence and the abundance of specific constituent/s in the respective parts of the plant. It was also established that same plant grown at different locations under varied environmental conditions influences the synthesis of the individual constituents in different parts of the plant, hence their biological activities. Studies conducted in cellular and murine models have shown that extracts made of roots bear immune activating properties, whereas leaf extracts showed anticancer activities. It has been observed that root and leaf extracts of plant characterised with about a dozen markers displayed that root extracts demonstrated Th1 specific immunomodulatory and anti-inflamatory activities, whereas leaf extracts showed anticancer properties, respectively. It was further explored that anti-cancer potential of leaf extracts was mainly due to Withaferin A, a potent cytotoxic withanoloid, existing in abundance and a major constituent in the leaves of the plant. Similarly, anti-inflammatory and Th1 immune skewing properties of the root extract was conferred to the higher amount of Withanolide A, present in the roots of the plant along with other constituents. Meanwhile several studies have deciphered the role of individual constituents in various biological activities with extensive mechanism of action discussed in this review. This review while summarises the potential medicinal benefits of the W.somnifera, it also emphasizes that marketed product of the plant extracts for human consumption should scientifically validated for bioactive constitutents.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398993"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398993"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398993; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398993]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398993]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398993; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398993']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=66398993]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":66398993,"title":"Withania somnifera: From Traditional Use to Evidence Based Medicinal Prominence","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66398993/Withania_somnifera_From_Traditional_Use_to_Evidence_Based_Medicinal_Prominence","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398990"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398990/Evidence_for_reprogramming_of_monocytes_into_reparative_alveolar_macrophages_in_vivo_by_targeting_PDE4b"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398990/Evidence_for_reprogramming_of_monocytes_into_reparative_alveolar_macrophages_in_vivo_by_targeting_PDE4b">Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic inflammation are hallmarks of acute lung in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic inflammation are hallmarks of acute lung injury. Alveolar macrophages (AMϕ), the predominant sentinel cell type in the airspace, die in massive numbers while fending off pathogens. Recent studies indicate that the AMϕ pool is replenished by airspace-recruited monocytes, but the mechanisms instructing the conversion of recruited monocytes into reparative AMϕ remain elusive. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a vascular barrier protective and immunosuppressive second messenger in the lung. Here, we subjected mice expressing GFP under the control of the Lysozyme-M promoter (LysM-GFP mice) to the LPS model of rapidly resolving lung injury to address the impact of mechanisms determining cAMP levels in AMϕ and regulation of mobilization of the reparative AMϕ-pool. RNA-seq analysis of flow-sorted Mϕ identified phosphodiesterase 4b (PDE4b) as the top LPS-responsive cAMP-regulating gene. We observed that PDE4b expression markedly increased at the time ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398990"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398990"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398990; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398990]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398990; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398990']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=66398990]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":66398990,"title":"Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66398990/Evidence_for_reprogramming_of_monocytes_into_reparative_alveolar_macrophages_in_vivo_by_targeting_PDE4b","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="66398927"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398927/Macrophage_TLR4_and_PAR2_Signaling_Role_in_Regulating_Vascular_Inflammatory_Injury_and_Repair"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Macrophage TLR4 and PAR2 Signaling: Role in Regulating Vascular Inflammatory Injury and Repair" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/66398927/Macrophage_TLR4_and_PAR2_Signaling_Role_in_Regulating_Vascular_Inflammatory_Injury_and_Repair">Macrophage TLR4 and PAR2 Signaling: Role in Regulating Vascular Inflammatory Injury and Repair</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Frontiers in Immunology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Macrophages play a central role in dictating the tissue response to infection and orchestrating s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Macrophages play a central role in dictating the tissue response to infection and orchestrating subsequent repair of the damage. In this context, macrophages residing in the lungs continuously sense and discriminate among a wide range of insults to initiate the immune responses important to host-defense. Inflammatory tissue injury also leads to activation of proteases, and thereby the coagulation pathway, to optimize injury and repair post-infection. However, long-lasting inflammatory triggers from macrophages can impair the lung&#39;s ability to recover from severe injury, leading to increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic injury, hallmarks of Acute Lung Injury (ALI). In this review, we discuss the roles of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protease activating receptor 2 (PAR2) expressed on the macrophage cell-surface in regulating lung vascular inflammatory signaling.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="66398927"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66398927"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398927; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66398927]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66398927; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='66398927']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426411"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426411/Ethanolic_Extract_of_Alternanthera_sessilis_AS_1_Inhibits_IgE_mediated_Allergic_Response_in_RBL_2H3_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ethanolic Extract of Alternanthera sessilis (AS-1) Inhibits IgE-mediated Allergic Response in RBL-2H3 Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485835/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426411/Ethanolic_Extract_of_Alternanthera_sessilis_AS_1_Inhibits_IgE_mediated_Allergic_Response_in_RBL_2H3_Cells">Ethanolic Extract of Alternanthera sessilis (AS-1) Inhibits IgE-mediated Allergic Response in RBL-2H3 Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study was designed to investigate the anti-allergic effects of ethanolic extract of A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study was designed to investigate the anti-allergic effects of ethanolic extract of Alternanthera sessilis (AS-1) in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. It significantly reduced the b-hexosaminidase release from anti-DNP-IgE sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. AS-1also inhibited the IgE antibody-induced increase in Interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-a, IL-13 and IL-4 production in these cells. The inhibitory effect of AS-1 on these cytokine was found to be nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) dependent, as it attenuated the degradation of IKBa and nuclear translocation of NFkB. In addition, AS-1 significantly attenuated the DNP HAS-induced intracellular Ca 2+ release from these cells, which makes us speculate strongly that the decreased intracellular Ca 2+ is involved in the inhibitory effect of AS-1 on b-hexoaminidase release. Taken together, anti-allergic effects of AS-1 suggest possible therapeutic application of this extract in allergic diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1c8a2750a3ed8c3a5ac8f80ff0253746" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485835,"asset_id":38426411,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485835/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426411"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426411"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426411; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426403"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426403/Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natural_product_l_vasicine_as_anti_hypertensive_agents"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis of ofornine mimics from natural product l-vasicine as anti-hypertensive agents" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485825/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426403/Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natural_product_l_vasicine_as_anti_hypertensive_agents">Synthesis of ofornine mimics from natural product l-vasicine as anti-hypertensive agents</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We report the chemical synthesis of Ofornine mimics from l-vasicine, structure-activity relations...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We report the chemical synthesis of Ofornine mimics from l-vasicine, structure-activity relationship studies and their in vivo screening for anti-hypertensive action in Wistar rats. It was observed that most of the analogs possessed anti-hypertensive effect; however, the duration of the effect was variable and mostly transient. The results demonstrated that the analogs 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 showed a sharp and significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure for 30-60 min after intravenous administration. Analog (S)-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)(2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)phenyl)methanone (8) showed a significant decrease in blood pressure in a dose dependent manner whose maximal response lowered to 79.29 ± 4.26 mmHg of SBP and 62.55 ± 2.9 of DBP at 10 mg/kg intravenous dose. Further, the significant anti-hypertensive effect of 8 lasted for about 2.5 h at 10 mg/kg dose. We also evaluated the acute toxicity of the analog 8 as per the OECD guidelines and the compound was found to be safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. These preclinical findings suggest that the analog 8 could be considered as a promising lead and a durable anti-hypertensive drug candidate and deserves further investigation. The SAR studies clearly showed that the amide, hydroxyl and pyridine ring plays important role in showing the activity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d9d5b46dba4ffd8eb9b478392aa1cec2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485825,"asset_id":38426403,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485825/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426403"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426403"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426403; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426403]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426403]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426403; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38426403']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d9d5b46dba4ffd8eb9b478392aa1cec2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38426403]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38426403,"title":"Synthesis of ofornine mimics from natural product l-vasicine as anti-hypertensive agents","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38426403/Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natural_product_l_vasicine_as_anti_hypertensive_agents","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[{"id":58485825,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485825/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"hypertension14456-main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485825/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natura.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58485825/hypertension14456-main-libre.pdf?1550963742=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_of_ofornine_mimics_from_natura.pdf\u0026Expires=1740040791\u0026Signature=GdgrhrbbLs8GHjwHvQDo3fdCFMcdIwbOR-KcY81pOxWXYTuH0Pgs~-HaWADYyUescTSrDxoPgrhBQl8FrLRzdtu7uA9-7e6LmMwZnHfZp-V5QTUbZeJ4IEe4biP8fO6Pi7nlXgyQm1Y~LWv8LND0yXMNgGXheJJYfzVMFMvrtFrQ~2RW~gHZ0CO8a7N8SXsr6iBvWI6vzExr5SGcY4Lj-JZSmxnHNxMyuI3cJM1ZyTQlDDXgBWaSV4VO9hf-2GCli~4U5RQAtCjSiJwsFzawbh21bAfZysr53TLGuXAGjP8lyAnLXR1UyghxceL0vo1n8qtCk9V1~wO~zhF0i9zQdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426399"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426399/Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_Inducible_Nitric_Oxide_Synthase_and_Attenuates_Asthma_in_a_Mouse_Model_of_Asthma"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Safranal of Crocus sativus L. Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Asthma in a Mouse Model of Asthma" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485819/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426399/Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_Inducible_Nitric_Oxide_Synthase_and_Attenuates_Asthma_in_a_Mouse_Model_of_Asthma">Safranal of Crocus sativus L. Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Asthma in a Mouse Model of Asthma</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study involves evaluation of antioxidant potential of Crocus sativus and its main con...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study involves evaluation of antioxidant potential of Crocus sativus and its main constituents, safranal (SFN) and crocin (CRO), in bronchial epithelial cells, followed antiinflammatory potential of the active constituent safranal, in a murine model of asthma. To investigate the antioxidizing potential of Crocus sativus and its main constituents in bronchial epithelial cells, the stress was induced in these cells by a combination of different cytokines that resulted in an increase in nitric oxide production (NO), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, peroxynitrite ion generation, and cytochrome c release. Treatment with saffron and its constituents safranal and crocin resulted in a decrease of NO, iNOS levels, peroxynitrite ion generation, and prevented cytochrome c release. However, safranal significantly reduced oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells via iNOS reduction besides preventing apoptosis in these cells. In the murine model of asthma study, antiinflammatory role of safranal was characterized by increased airway hyper-responsiveness, airway cellular infiltration, and epithelial cell injury. Safranal pretreatment to these allergically inflamed mice lead to a significant decrease in airway hyper-responsiveness and airway cellular infiltration to the lungs. It also reduced iNOS production, bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis, and Th2 type cytokine production in the lungs.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a1fee7e20b22e3e82d3d05011dcd59d1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485819,"asset_id":38426399,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485819/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426399"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426399"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426399; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426399]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38426399]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426399; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38426399']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a1fee7e20b22e3e82d3d05011dcd59d1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38426399]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38426399,"title":"Safranal of Crocus sativus L. Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Asthma in a Mouse Model of Asthma","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38426399/Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_Inducible_Nitric_Oxide_Synthase_and_Attenuates_Asthma_in_a_Mouse_Model_of_Asthma","owner_id":5178994,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":5178994,"first_name":"Sheikh","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Rayees","page_name":"SheikhRayees","domain_name":"iiim-in","created_at":"2013-08-18T22:27:00.268-07:00","display_name":"Sheikh Rayees","url":"https://iiim-in.academia.edu/SheikhRayees"},"attachments":[{"id":58485819,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485819/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"safranal.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485819/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Safranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_In.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58485819/safranal-libre.pdf?1550963746=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSafranal_of_Crocus_sativus_L_Inhibits_In.pdf\u0026Expires=1740040791\u0026Signature=MGQgwAXRN8MKNlGZqMjpOEnstgyVO3kupTv2gPT5LBDFUVKRGFeawC0Ye5iEykHdxOVMCg5jSsnJoQiq7whX2VvvcyUkfBmCngAY~ie-WPpWtiC6hgY15mxlrCNEeLKFWaUtAzOzkyoDZfrJR9QVcCRd9o6r8D435i2wgw38BJiqJDnZEhe5x~5kmxY1eIQh~H~2JNcejR0OqgtrT4RK2ybkhT8Qnk91w5wgzpBiSzRJ7kX3wCmIitkReEePWXAwg36DN0yTt2gZpVUDTzkfS7YBvjmHXHge1Rnq3GL4YZU4lK2O~pBo9FNI01sN4ZQgBKGt2y1xJJT~BSn9GJT02g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426398"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426398/Therapeutic_effects_of_R8_a_semi_synthetic_analogue_of_Vasicine_on_murine_model_of_allergic_airway_inflammation_via_STAT6_inhibition"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Therapeutic effects of R8, a semi-synthetic analogue of Vasicine, on murine model of allergic airway inflammation via STAT6 inhibition" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485820/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426398/Therapeutic_effects_of_R8_a_semi_synthetic_analogue_of_Vasicine_on_murine_model_of_allergic_airway_inflammation_via_STAT6_inhibition">Therapeutic effects of R8, a semi-synthetic analogue of Vasicine, on murine model of allergic airway inflammation via STAT6 inhibition</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a follow-up study of our previous work in which we screened a series of Vasicine analogue...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a follow-up study of our previous work in which we screened a series of Vasicine analogues for their antiinflammatory activity in a preventive OVA induced murine model of asthma. The study demonstrated that R8, one of the analogues, significantly suppressed the Th2 cytokine production and eosinophil recruitment to the airways. In the present study, we have been using two standard experimental murine models of asthma, where the mice were treated with R8 either during (preventive use) or after (therapeutic use) the development of asthma features. In the preventive model, R8 reduced inflammatory cell infiltration to the airways, OVA specific IgE and Th2 cytokine production. Also, the R8 treatment in the therapeutic model decreased methacholine induced AHR, Th2 cytokine release, serum IgE levels, infiltration of inflammatory cells into the airways, phosphorylation of STAT6 and expression of GATA3. Moreover, R8 not only reduced goblet cell metaplasia in asthmatic mice but also reduced IL-4 induced Muc5AC gene expression in human alveolar basal epithelial cells. Further, R8 attenuated IL-4 induced differentiation of murine splenocytes into Th2 cells in vitro. So, we may deduce that R8 treatment profoundly reduced asthma features by attenuating the differentiation of T cells into Th2 cells by interfering with the binding of IL-4 to its receptor in turn decreasing the phosphorylation of STAT6 and expression of GATA3 in murine model of asthma. These preclinical findings suggest a possible therapeutic role of R8 in allergic asthma.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9a00109fbce61d5033696a1fd4c74cbb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485820,"asset_id":38426398,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485820/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426398"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426398"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426398; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38426386"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426386/Linking_GATA3_and_IL_13_Implications_in_asthma"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Linking GATA3 and IL-13: Implications in asthma" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58485802/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38426386/Linking_GATA3_and_IL_13_Implications_in_asthma">Linking GATA3 and IL-13: Implications in asthma</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction Asthma is one of the serious global health problems and cause of huge mortality and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction Asthma is one of the serious global health problems and cause of huge mortality and morbidity. It is characterized by persistent airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, increased IgE levels and mucus hypersecretion. Asthma is mediated by dominant Th2 immune response, causing enhanced expression of Th2 cytokines. These cytokines are responsible for the various pathological changes associated with allergic asthma.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9fe55659a0516f4751ce80441c45dc5f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58485802,"asset_id":38426386,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58485802/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38426386"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38426386"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38426386; 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