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class="u-tcGrayDark">98 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Medieval gender</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Medieval_gender">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation 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js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12025222/Sociale_relaties_in_de_Franse_fabliaux_een_statistische_benadering">Sociale relaties in de Franse fabliaux: een statistische benadering</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">De Franse fabliaux, 'moppen' in versvorm uit de dertiende en veertiende eeuw 2 , bieden een unieke kijk op de mentaliteit van middeleeuwse mensen, en dan vooral ten aanzien van seksualiteit. In dit opstel heb ik de sociale... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12025222" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">De Franse fabliaux, 'moppen' in versvorm uit de dertiende en veertiende eeuw 2 , bieden een unieke kijk op de mentaliteit van middeleeuwse mensen, en dan vooral ten aanzien van seksualiteit. In dit opstel heb ik de sociale relatiesinclusief genderverhoudingenin de seksueel getinte fabliaux onderzocht. Omdat de fabliaux vaak een moraliserende ondertoon hebben, maken ze het mogelijk om een globale tweedeling te maken tussen relaties die aan de sociale normen voldeden en relaties die dat niet doen; in het eerste geval krijgen de hoofdpersonen hun recht, in het laatste geval hun verdiende loon. 2</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12025222" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9fc950bb746151893dff672f9507799a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37358657,"asset_id":12025222,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37358657/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5222313" href="https://ulb.academia.edu/ThibaultJacobs">Thibault Jacobs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5222313" type="text/json">{"id":5222313,"first_name":"Thibault","last_name":"Jacobs","domain_name":"ulb","page_name":"ThibaultJacobs","display_name":"Thibault Jacobs","profile_url":"https://ulb.academia.edu/ThibaultJacobs?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5222313/6425600/7268055/s65_thibault.jacobs.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12025222 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12025222"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12025222, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12025222", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12025222]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12025222").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12025222").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12025222"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2332" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_French_Literature">Medieval French Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2332" type="text/json">{"id":2332,"name":"Medieval French Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_French_Literature?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6463" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Sexuality">History of Sexuality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6463" type="text/json">{"id":6463,"name":"History of Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15563" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_sexuality">Medieval sexuality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15563" type="text/json">{"id":15563,"name":"Medieval sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History">Social History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15588" type="text/json">{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12025222]'), work: {"id":12025222,"title":"Sociale relaties in de Franse fabliaux: een statistische benadering","created_at":"2015-04-20T06:38:35.016-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12025222/Sociale_relaties_in_de_Franse_fabliaux_een_statistische_benadering?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_12025222","summary":"De Franse fabliaux, 'moppen' in versvorm uit de dertiende en veertiende eeuw 2 , bieden een unieke kijk op de mentaliteit van middeleeuwse mensen, en dan vooral ten aanzien van seksualiteit. In dit opstel heb ik de sociale relatiesinclusief genderverhoudingenin de seksueel getinte fabliaux onderzocht. Omdat de fabliaux vaak een moraliserende ondertoon hebben, maken ze het mogelijk om een globale tweedeling te maken tussen relaties die aan de sociale normen voldeden en relaties die dat niet doen; in het eerste geval krijgen de hoofdpersonen hun recht, in het laatste geval hun verdiende loon. 2","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37358657,"asset_id":12025222,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5222313,"first_name":"Thibault","last_name":"Jacobs","domain_name":"ulb","page_name":"ThibaultJacobs","display_name":"Thibault Jacobs","profile_url":"https://ulb.academia.edu/ThibaultJacobs?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5222313/6425600/7268055/s65_thibault.jacobs.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2332,"name":"Medieval French Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_French_Literature?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":6463,"name":"History of Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":15563,"name":"Medieval sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5212746" data-work_id="5212746" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5212746/_Queens_Whores_and_Maidens_Women_in_Chaucers_England_Hayes_Robinson_Lecture_Royal_Holloway_University_of_London_2002_">"Queens, Whores, and Maidens: Women in Chaucer's England," Hayes Robinson Lecture (Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5212746" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d606855f3d97dfca5d82aa0685976513" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32397894,"asset_id":5212746,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32397894/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7080599" href="https://usc.academia.edu/JudithBennett">Judith M. 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Bennett","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/JudithBennett?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7080599/2666805/74633305/s65_judith_m..bennett.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5212746 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5212746"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5212746, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5212746", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5212746 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5212746; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5212746"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5212746 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5212746"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5212746; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5212746]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5212746").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5212746").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5212746"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7060" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women">Medieval Women</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7060" type="text/json">{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14170" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_England">Medieval England</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14170" type="text/json">{"id":14170,"name":"Medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_England?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429584" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Medieval gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="429584" type="text/json">{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="593860" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender">Medieval Women and Gender</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="593860" type="text/json">{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5212746]'), work: {"id":5212746,"title":"\"Queens, Whores, and Maidens: Women in Chaucer's England,\" Hayes Robinson Lecture (Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002).","created_at":"2013-11-25T01:02:04.815-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5212746/_Queens_Whores_and_Maidens_Women_in_Chaucers_England_Hayes_Robinson_Lecture_Royal_Holloway_University_of_London_2002_?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_5212746","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32397894,"asset_id":5212746,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7080599,"first_name":"Judith M.","last_name":"Bennett","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"JudithBennett","display_name":"Judith M. Bennett","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/JudithBennett?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7080599/2666805/74633305/s65_judith_m..bennett.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":14170,"name":"Medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_England?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5215164" data-work_id="5215164" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5215164/Medieval_Women_in_Modern_Perspective_American_Historical_Association_pamphlet_2000_">Medieval Women in Modern Perspective (American Historical Association pamphlet, 2000). </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Medieval Europe often seems a childlike time. As publishers and toy manufac turers know well, modern children can pass, many happy hours imagining me dieval worlds of brave ladies, bold knights, saintly maids, and wily monks. As they grow... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5215164" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Medieval Europe often seems a childlike time. As publishers and toy manufac turers know well, modern children can pass, many happy hours imagining me dieval worlds of brave ladies, bold knights, saintly maids, and wily monks. As they grow up, some children simply clothe medievalism in the futuristic robes of science fiction (the most playful of adult literary genres), but most abandon the Middle Ages for more practical pursuits. Feudal kings, saintly nuns, and hardworking serfs are well and good, but they are not very modern, and their study can seem indulgent or even whimsical-antiquarianism rather than his tory. This might seem especially true in the case of medieval women. What possible relevance can the Middle Ages-often imagined (wrongly) as a time when one faith reigned supreme, all people knew their place, and nothing ever changed-offer to modern feminist scholars? Most modern people seem to waver between seeing medieval women as hopelessly oppressed or wonderful ly free. In either case they usually assume that the experiences of medieval women are distant, arcane, and irrelevant to the challenges of the present.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5215164" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e717953e39c0ee11b763a20eccc9f6b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61465418,"asset_id":5215164,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61465418/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7080599" href="https://usc.academia.edu/JudithBennett">Judith M. Bennett</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7080599" type="text/json">{"id":7080599,"first_name":"Judith M.","last_name":"Bennett","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"JudithBennett","display_name":"Judith M. Bennett","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/JudithBennett?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7080599/2666805/74633305/s65_judith_m..bennett.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5215164 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5215164"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5215164, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5215164", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5215164 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5215164; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5215164"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5215164 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5215164"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5215164; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5215164]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5215164").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5215164").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5215164"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7060" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women">Medieval Women</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7060" type="text/json">{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429584" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Medieval gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="429584" type="text/json">{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="593860" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender">Medieval Women and Gender</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="593860" type="text/json">{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5215164]'), work: {"id":5215164,"title":"Medieval Women in Modern Perspective (American Historical Association pamphlet, 2000). ","created_at":"2013-11-25T04:38:09.655-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5215164/Medieval_Women_in_Modern_Perspective_American_Historical_Association_pamphlet_2000_?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_5215164","summary":"Medieval Europe often seems a childlike time. As publishers and toy manufac turers know well, modern children can pass, many happy hours imagining me dieval worlds of brave ladies, bold knights, saintly maids, and wily monks. As they grow up, some children simply clothe medievalism in the futuristic robes of science fiction (the most playful of adult literary genres), but most abandon the Middle Ages for more practical pursuits. Feudal kings, saintly nuns, and hardworking serfs are well and good, but they are not very modern, and their study can seem indulgent or even whimsical-antiquarianism rather than his tory. This might seem especially true in the case of medieval women. What possible relevance can the Middle Ages-often imagined (wrongly) as a time when one faith reigned supreme, all people knew their place, and nothing ever changed-offer to modern feminist scholars? Most modern people seem to waver between seeing medieval women as hopelessly oppressed or wonderful ly free. In either case they usually assume that the experiences of medieval women are distant, arcane, and irrelevant to the challenges of the present.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61465418,"asset_id":5215164,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7080599,"first_name":"Judith M.","last_name":"Bennett","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"JudithBennett","display_name":"Judith M. 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/874784/On_Becoming_Male">On Becoming-Male</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Uebel ojfers a synthesis ofthe essays as they relate to the theme ofspatialized identity: spaces actually offer men diverse possibilities for recomposing their existential corporeality and their social identity.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/874784" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div 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type="text/json">{"id":2272,"name":"Gender History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13274" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masculinities">Masculinities</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13274" type="text/json">{"id":13274,"name":"Masculinities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masculinities?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=874784]'), work: {"id":874784,"title":"On Becoming-Male","created_at":"2011-08-31T23:24:37.961-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/874784/On_Becoming_Male?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_874784","summary":"Uebel ojfers a synthesis ofthe essays as they relate to the theme ofspatialized identity: spaces actually offer men diverse possibilities for recomposing their existential corporeality and their social identity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31073207,"asset_id":874784,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37167,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Uebel","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"MichaelUebel","display_name":"Michael Uebel","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/MichaelUebel?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37167/12334/16206686/s65_michael.uebel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":2272,"name":"Gender 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History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=429584"},{"id":17902,"name":"Gender and religion (Women s Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_religion_Women_s_Studies_?f_ri=429584"},{"id":21000,"name":"Social and Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_History?f_ri=429584"},{"id":117302,"name":"Gender and Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Womens_Studies?f_ri=429584"},{"id":231654,"name":"Medieval Economic and Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Economic_and_Social_History?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":558026,"name":"Hipocratic and Galenic Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hipocratic_and_Galenic_Medicine?f_ri=429584"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":657792,"name":"Womens and Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_and_Gender_Studies?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30273992" data-work_id="30273992" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30273992/Eddic_Poetry_A_Gateway_to_Late_Iron_Age_Ladies_of_Law">Eddic Poetry: A Gateway to Late Iron Age Ladies of Law</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article argues that eddic poetry, where females are described attending assemblies, swearing oaths, receiv-ing compensation, and taking revenge, can provide some insight into the real “ladies of law” of pre-Christian Scandinavia. In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30273992" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article argues that eddic poetry, where females are described attending assemblies, swearing oaths, receiv-ing compensation, and taking revenge, can provide some insight into the real “ladies of law” of pre-Christian Scandinavia. In Christian times, when “law” was seen to emanate from the male God, considerable changes were introduced.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30273992" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ed8302b3c27f9a5049f7c0e6e0ec3d77" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50740224,"asset_id":30273992,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50740224/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1028654" href="https://usn-no.academia.edu/AnneIreneRiis%C3%B8y">Anne Irene Riisøy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1028654" type="text/json">{"id":1028654,"first_name":"Anne Irene","last_name":"Riisøy","domain_name":"usn-no","page_name":"AnneIreneRiisøy","display_name":"Anne Irene Riisøy","profile_url":"https://usn-no.academia.edu/AnneIreneRiis%C3%B8y?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1028654/88662561/77363112/s65_anne_irene.riis_y.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30273992 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30273992"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30273992, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30273992", }); 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In Christian times, when “law” was seen to emanate from the male God, considerable changes were introduced.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50740224,"asset_id":30273992,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1028654,"first_name":"Anne Irene","last_name":"Riisøy","domain_name":"usn-no","page_name":"AnneIreneRiisøy","display_name":"Anne Irene Riisøy","profile_url":"https://usn-no.academia.edu/AnneIreneRiis%C3%B8y?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1028654/88662561/77363112/s65_anne_irene.riis_y.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":2272,"name":"Gender History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":4917,"name":"Gender and Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":7111,"name":"Gender and the Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_the_Law?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=429584"},{"id":18248,"name":"Eddic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eddic_Poetry?f_ri=429584"},{"id":27942,"name":"Vikings in the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=429584"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=429584"},{"id":49663,"name":"Women and Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_and_Gender_Studies?f_ri=429584"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=429584"},{"id":289575,"name":"Gender, Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Viking_Age?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31728276" data-work_id="31728276" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31728276/_Jesus_the_Misguided_Magician_The_Re_emergence_of_the_Toledot_Yeshu_in_thirteenth_century_and_its_Retelling_in_Ibn_Sahula_s_Fables_from_the_Distant_Past_Henoch_37_1_2015_4_16">“Jesus, the Misguided Magician: The (Re-)emergence of the Toledot Yeshu in thirteenth-century and its Retelling in Ibn Sahula’s Fables from the Distant Past,” Henoch 37/1 (2015) 4-16</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article examines indications from Judeo-Arabic, Hebrew and Latin sources which suggest that one or more versions of the Toledot Yeshu, theJewish “counter-gospel”, were circulating in Egypt, Castile and northernEurope during the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31728276" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article examines indications from Judeo-Arabic, Hebrew and Latin<br />sources which suggest that one or more versions of the Toledot Yeshu, theJewish “counter-gospel”, were circulating in Egypt, Castile and northernEurope during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and that this tale wasparticularly popular in Iberia during the thirteenth centuries. The articlefocuses on the tale of the Hebrew youth and the magician in Ibn Sahula’sMeshal ha-Qadmoni, suggesting that Ibn Sahula used elements of the ToledotYeshu which his audience would have recognized, but changed portionsof the Toledot narrative. Ibn Sahula did so in order to shape it into a polemic against Jewish courtiers, too intrigued with Christian culture, women andthe study of magic, astrology, and divination at King Alfonso x’s court.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31728276" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c1daded26afc9c792474a4273660a25a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53615059,"asset_id":31728276,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53615059/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2792086" href="https://rub.academia.edu/AlexandraCuffel">Alexandra Cuffel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2792086" type="text/json">{"id":2792086,"first_name":"Alexandra","last_name":"Cuffel","domain_name":"rub","page_name":"AlexandraCuffel","display_name":"Alexandra Cuffel","profile_url":"https://rub.academia.edu/AlexandraCuffel?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2792086/60458586/48720177/s65_alexandra.cuffel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31728276 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31728276"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31728276, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31728276", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31728276]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31728276").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31728276").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31728276"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations">Jewish - Christian Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10947" type="text/json">{"id":10947,"name":"Jewish - Christian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38460" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies_Medieval_Studies_">Gender Studies (Medieval Studies)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38460" type="text/json">{"id":38460,"name":"Gender Studies (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55325" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Christian-Muslim_relations_in_the_Middle_Ages">Jewish-Christian-Muslim relations in the Middle Ages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55325" type="text/json">{"id":55325,"name":"Jewish-Christian-Muslim relations in the Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Christian-Muslim_relations_in_the_Middle_Ages?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73189" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toledot_Yeshu">Toledot Yeshu</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73189" type="text/json">{"id":73189,"name":"Toledot Yeshu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toledot_Yeshu?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31728276]'), work: {"id":31728276,"title":"“Jesus, the Misguided Magician: The (Re-)emergence of the Toledot Yeshu in thirteenth-century and its Retelling in Ibn Sahula’s Fables from the Distant Past,” Henoch 37/1 (2015) 4-16","created_at":"2017-03-05T22:22:50.816-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31728276/_Jesus_the_Misguided_Magician_The_Re_emergence_of_the_Toledot_Yeshu_in_thirteenth_century_and_its_Retelling_in_Ibn_Sahula_s_Fables_from_the_Distant_Past_Henoch_37_1_2015_4_16?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_31728276","summary":"This article examines indications from Judeo-Arabic, Hebrew and Latin\nsources which suggest that one or more versions of the Toledot Yeshu, theJewish “counter-gospel”, were circulating in Egypt, Castile and northernEurope during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and that this tale wasparticularly popular in Iberia during the thirteenth centuries. The articlefocuses on the tale of the Hebrew youth and the magician in Ibn Sahula’sMeshal ha-Qadmoni, suggesting that Ibn Sahula used elements of the ToledotYeshu which his audience would have recognized, but changed portionsof the Toledot narrative. Ibn Sahula did so in order to shape it into a polemic against Jewish courtiers, too intrigued with Christian culture, women andthe study of magic, astrology, and divination at King Alfonso x’s court.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53615059,"asset_id":31728276,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2792086,"first_name":"Alexandra","last_name":"Cuffel","domain_name":"rub","page_name":"AlexandraCuffel","display_name":"Alexandra Cuffel","profile_url":"https://rub.academia.edu/AlexandraCuffel?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2792086/60458586/48720177/s65_alexandra.cuffel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10947,"name":"Jewish - Christian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":38460,"name":"Gender Studies (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":55325,"name":"Jewish-Christian-Muslim relations in the Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Christian-Muslim_relations_in_the_Middle_Ages?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":73189,"name":"Toledot Yeshu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toledot_Yeshu?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":89994,"name":"Jewish-Christian Polemics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Christian_Polemics?f_ri=429584"},{"id":96667,"name":"Medieval Fables","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Fables?f_ri=429584"},{"id":103552,"name":"Jews of Medieval Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jews_of_Medieval_Spain?f_ri=429584"},{"id":305824,"name":"Astral Magic, Medieval Astrology and Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astral_Magic_Medieval_Astrology_and_Magic?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":577302,"name":"Gender and Sexuality (Medieval)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality_Medieval_?f_ri=429584"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":1394936,"name":"Jewish-Christian Polemics In the Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Christian_Polemics_In_the_Middle_Ages?f_ri=429584"},{"id":1947852,"name":"Hebrew Maqamat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Maqamat?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4769059" data-work_id="4769059" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4769059/Gender_and_femininity_in_medieval_England">Gender and femininity in medieval England</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4769059" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2f241d33033976ee3e1356b0ffe60a41" rel="nofollow" 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4769059").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4769059"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="975" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender">Sex and Gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="975" type="text/json">{"id":975,"name":"Sex and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15563" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_sexuality">Medieval sexuality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15563" type="text/json">{"id":15563,"name":"Medieval sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4769059]'), work: {"id":4769059,"title":"Gender and femininity in medieval England","created_at":"2013-10-14T00:38:03.221-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4769059/Gender_and_femininity_in_medieval_England?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_4769059","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32438735,"asset_id":4769059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5695375,"first_name":"Cordelia","last_name":"Beattie","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"CordeliaBeattie","display_name":"Cordelia Beattie","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/CordeliaBeattie?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5695375/2505463/84149883/s65_cordelia.beattie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":975,"name":"Sex and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":15563,"name":"Medieval sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_sexuality?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":23605,"name":"Margery Kempe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Margery_Kempe?f_ri=429584"},{"id":25853,"name":"Femininity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Femininity?f_ri=429584"},{"id":38460,"name":"Gender Studies (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":988826,"name":"Christina of Markyate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christina_of_Markyate?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74064750" data-work_id="74064750" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74064750/Slou%C5%BEit_mu%C5%BEi_a_ml%C4%8Det_v_kostele_Rozhovor_s_histori%C4%8Dkou_Marzenou_Matlou_nejen_o_%C5%BEen%C3%A1ch_v_ran%C3%A9m_st%C5%99edov%C4%9Bku_Serving_men_and_keeping_silent_in_church_Interview_with_historian_Marzena_Matla_not_only_about_women_in_the_early_Middle_Ages_DRAFT_">Sloužit muži a mlčet v kostele… Rozhovor s historičkou Marzenou Matlou nejen o ženách v raném středověku / Serving men and keeping silent in church... Interview with historian Marzena Matla not only about women in the early Middle Ages (DRAFT)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74064750" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad00092e0c47f300a5939dcda4a4a55a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82351798,"asset_id":74064750,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82351798/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="772601" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/IvoStefan">Ivo Stefan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="772601" type="text/json">{"id":772601,"first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Stefan","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"IvoStefan","display_name":"Ivo Stefan","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/IvoStefan?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/772601/261403/36549851/s65_ivo.stefan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74064750 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74064750"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74064750, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74064750", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74064750]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74064750").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74064750").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74064750"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429584" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Medieval gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="429584" type="text/json">{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="593860" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender">Medieval Women and Gender</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="593860" type="text/json">{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74064750]'), work: {"id":74064750,"title":"Sloužit muži a mlčet v kostele… Rozhovor s historičkou Marzenou Matlou nejen o ženách v raném středověku / Serving men and keeping silent in church... Interview with historian Marzena Matla not only about women in the early Middle Ages (DRAFT)","created_at":"2022-03-19T05:19:06.308-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74064750/Slou%C5%BEit_mu%C5%BEi_a_ml%C4%8Det_v_kostele_Rozhovor_s_histori%C4%8Dkou_Marzenou_Matlou_nejen_o_%C5%BEen%C3%A1ch_v_ran%C3%A9m_st%C5%99edov%C4%9Bku_Serving_men_and_keeping_silent_in_church_Interview_with_historian_Marzena_Matla_not_only_about_women_in_the_early_Middle_Ages_DRAFT_?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_74064750","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82351798,"asset_id":74064750,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":772601,"first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Stefan","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"IvoStefan","display_name":"Ivo Stefan","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/IvoStefan?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/772601/261403/36549851/s65_ivo.stefan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4755716" data-work_id="4755716" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4755716/Gender_and_Connectivity_Facilitating_Religious_Travel_in_the_Sixth_and_Seventh_Centuries">Gender and Connectivity: Facilitating Religious Travel in the Sixth and Seventh Centuries</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Using gender as a lens, this paper evaluates the nature of female networks of religious connection and communication in the early medieval period. The vitae of three female saints of the sixth and seventh centuries, Radegund of Poitiers,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4755716" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Using gender as a lens, this paper evaluates the nature of female networks of religious connection and communication in the early medieval period.  The vitae of three female saints of the sixth and seventh centuries, Radegund of Poitiers, Brigid of Kildare, and Gertrude of Nivelles, demonstrate the way that women facilitated and instigated networks of contact through their relationships with others, especially men and particularly their kin.  These relationships allowed women to play a crucial role in forming heterogeneous cultural and religious connections across both long and short distances in the period.  The methodology of connectivity, which as a concept needs to be both engaged with and challenged, allows me to probe the questions of how and why medieval people communicated and connected with one another across geographical and imaginative boundaries.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4755716" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e39bea9d97449ed4a81caee8fbd60a50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32066017,"asset_id":4755716,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32066017/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1959886" href="https://southernmiss.academia.edu/CourtneyLuckhardt">Courtney Luckhardt</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1959886" type="text/json">{"id":1959886,"first_name":"Courtney","last_name":"Luckhardt","domain_name":"southernmiss","page_name":"CourtneyLuckhardt","display_name":"Courtney Luckhardt","profile_url":"https://southernmiss.academia.edu/CourtneyLuckhardt?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1959886/1132859/35987069/s65_courtney.luckhardt.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4755716 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4755716"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4755716, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4755716", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4755716]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4755716").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4755716").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4755716"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7629" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_History">Early Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7629" type="text/json">{"id":7629,"name":"Early Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Europe">Medieval Europe</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12936" type="text/json">{"id":12936,"name":"Medieval Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Europe?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14676" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Kinship">Medieval Kinship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14676" type="text/json">{"id":14676,"name":"Medieval Kinship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Kinship?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4755716]'), work: {"id":4755716,"title":"Gender and Connectivity: Facilitating Religious Travel in the Sixth and Seventh Centuries","created_at":"2013-10-12T05:14:50.382-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4755716/Gender_and_Connectivity_Facilitating_Religious_Travel_in_the_Sixth_and_Seventh_Centuries?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_4755716","summary":"Using gender as a lens, this paper evaluates the nature of female networks of religious connection and communication in the early medieval period. The vitae of three female saints of the sixth and seventh centuries, Radegund of Poitiers, Brigid of Kildare, and Gertrude of Nivelles, demonstrate the way that women facilitated and instigated networks of contact through their relationships with others, especially men and particularly their kin. These relationships allowed women to play a crucial role in forming heterogeneous cultural and religious connections across both long and short distances in the period. The methodology of connectivity, which as a concept needs to be both engaged with and challenged, allows me to probe the questions of how and why medieval people communicated and connected with one another across geographical and imaginative boundaries.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32066017,"asset_id":4755716,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1959886,"first_name":"Courtney","last_name":"Luckhardt","domain_name":"southernmiss","page_name":"CourtneyLuckhardt","display_name":"Courtney Luckhardt","profile_url":"https://southernmiss.academia.edu/CourtneyLuckhardt?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1959886/1132859/35987069/s65_courtney.luckhardt.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":7629,"name":"Early Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":12936,"name":"Medieval Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Europe?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":14676,"name":"Medieval Kinship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Kinship?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":50323,"name":"Merovingian and Carolingian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merovingian_and_Carolingian?f_ri=429584"},{"id":226366,"name":"Connectivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Connectivity?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":667406,"name":"Medieval Travels and Travellers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Travels_and_Travellers?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7956509" data-work_id="7956509" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7956509/Discourse_on_the_Nature_of_Coverture_in_the_Later_Medieval_Courtroom"> Discourse on the Nature of Coverture in the Later Medieval Courtroom.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7956509" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d8f2360b64563e9ac70b89f8ac225f28" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86845506,"asset_id":7956509,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86845506/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="142595" href="https://osu1.academia.edu/SaraButler">Sara M Butler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="142595" type="text/json">{"id":142595,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Butler","domain_name":"osu1","page_name":"SaraButler","display_name":"Sara M Butler","profile_url":"https://osu1.academia.edu/SaraButler?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/142595/37809/33305570/s65_sara.butler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7956509 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7956509"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7956509, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7956509", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7956509 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var 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$(".js-view-count-work_7956509").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7956509"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7060" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women">Medieval Women</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7060" type="text/json">{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7546" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_English_History">Late Medieval English History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7546" type="text/json">{"id":7546,"name":"Late Medieval English History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_English_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14170" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_England">Medieval England</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14170" type="text/json">{"id":14170,"name":"Medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_England?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="176806" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_England">Late Medieval England</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="176806" type="text/json">{"id":176806,"name":"Late Medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_England?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7956509]'), work: {"id":7956509,"title":" Discourse on the Nature of Coverture in the Later Medieval Courtroom.","created_at":"2014-08-12T21:50:41.692-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7956509/Discourse_on_the_Nature_of_Coverture_in_the_Later_Medieval_Courtroom?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_7956509","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86845506,"asset_id":7956509,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":142595,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Butler","domain_name":"osu1","page_name":"SaraButler","display_name":"Sara M Butler","profile_url":"https://osu1.academia.edu/SaraButler?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/142595/37809/33305570/s65_sara.butler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":7546,"name":"Late Medieval English History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_English_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":14170,"name":"Medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_England?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":176806,"name":"Late Medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_England?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":180010,"name":"Medieval Love and Marriage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Love_and_Marriage?f_ri=429584"},{"id":307780,"name":"Medieval Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Law?f_ri=429584"},{"id":389187,"name":"Medieval marriage law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_marriage_law?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":460422,"name":"Medieval English History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_English_History?f_ri=429584"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":2228215,"name":"Later medieval England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Later_medieval_England?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9092078" data-work_id="9092078" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9092078/Cunningly_Lingual_Wives_In_European_Folk_Tradition">Cunningly Lingual Wives In European Folk Tradition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The European ballad, developed in the medieval period with many cross-fertilizations among ballad types in various language areas. Nevertheless, there have appeared few in-depth comparative studies of these pan-european themes, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9092078" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The European ballad, developed in the medieval period with many cross-fertilizations among ballad types in various language areas.  Nevertheless, there have appeared few in-depth comparative studies of these pan-european themes, and primary interest has been in finding genetic archetypes, rather than in typological analysis across language traditions, even though both can prevail at the same time.  Ruth Webber suggested that narrative ballads can be analyzed on three increasingly abstract levels, on the linguistic level, the content of the story as it is told, and the formal level, that is, the basic narrative structure. In this vein, my aim here is to analyze one widely circulating ballad concerning cunning wifely infidelity known in many variants throughout the continent, to see which of its elements are temporally and culturally variable, and which belong to its narrative deep structure.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9092078" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c13b668d23c84561252b416cb7ffda48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35443113,"asset_id":9092078,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35443113/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="165916" href="https://sbsuny.academia.edu/LouiseOVasv%C3%A1ri">Louise O. Vasvári</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="165916" type="text/json">{"id":165916,"first_name":"Louise O.","last_name":"Vasvári","domain_name":"sbsuny","page_name":"LouiseOVasvári","display_name":"Louise O. Vasvári","profile_url":"https://sbsuny.academia.edu/LouiseOVasv%C3%A1ri?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/165916/87550/95499/s65_louise_o..vasv_ri.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9092078 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9092078"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9092078, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9092078", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9092078 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9092078; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9092078"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9092078 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9092078"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9092078; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9092078]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9092078").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9092078").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9092078"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature">Medieval Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1228" type="text/json">{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore_Literature_">Folklore (Literature)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16518" type="text/json">{"id":16518,"name":"Folklore (Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore_Literature_?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23369" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ballads">Ballads</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23369" type="text/json">{"id":23369,"name":"Ballads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ballads?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60748" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Romances_Ballads">Medieval Romances, Ballads</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60748" type="text/json">{"id":60748,"name":"Medieval Romances, Ballads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Romances_Ballads?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9092078]'), work: {"id":9092078,"title":"Cunningly Lingual Wives In European Folk Tradition","created_at":"2014-11-02T22:18:50.144-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9092078/Cunningly_Lingual_Wives_In_European_Folk_Tradition?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_9092078","summary":"The European ballad, developed in the medieval period with many cross-fertilizations among ballad types in various language areas. Nevertheless, there have appeared few in-depth comparative studies of these pan-european themes, and primary interest has been in finding genetic archetypes, rather than in typological analysis across language traditions, even though both can prevail at the same time. Ruth Webber suggested that narrative ballads can be analyzed on three increasingly abstract levels, on the linguistic level, the content of the story as it is told, and the formal level, that is, the basic narrative structure. In this vein, my aim here is to analyze one widely circulating ballad concerning cunning wifely infidelity known in many variants throughout the continent, to see which of its elements are temporally and culturally variable, and which belong to its narrative deep structure.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35443113,"asset_id":9092078,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":165916,"first_name":"Louise O.","last_name":"Vasvári","domain_name":"sbsuny","page_name":"LouiseOVasvári","display_name":"Louise O. Vasvári","profile_url":"https://sbsuny.academia.edu/LouiseOVasv%C3%A1ri?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/165916/87550/95499/s65_louise_o..vasv_ri.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":16518,"name":"Folklore (Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore_Literature_?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":23369,"name":"Ballads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ballads?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":60748,"name":"Medieval Romances, Ballads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Romances_Ballads?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":412467,"name":"Medieval and Modern Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_and_Modern_Folklore?f_ri=429584"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7412311" data-work_id="7412311" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7412311/_Dictators_of_Venus_Clerical_Love_Letters_and_Female_Subjection_in_Troilus_and_Criseyde_and_the_Rota_Veneris_">"Dictators of Venus: Clerical Love Letters and Female Subjection in /Troilus and Criseyde/ and the /Rota Veneris/" </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Th e conscious attention to the rhetoric of seduction in Troilus and Criseyde puts it in a tradition of erotodidactic literature going back at least as far as Ovid's amatory poetry. 1 Medieval texts such as the Facetus, Andreas... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7412311" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Th e conscious attention to the rhetoric of seduction in Troilus and Criseyde puts it in a tradition of erotodidactic literature going back at least as far as Ovid's amatory poetry. 1 Medieval texts such as the Facetus, Andreas Capellanus's De amore, and parts of the Roman de la rose teach an Ovidian rhetoric of seduction described as praeludia to physical acts of love. 2 Troilus and Criseyde can itself be described as an ars amandi, and was treated as such well into the sixteenth century. 3 Unlike its predecessors, Troilus and Criseyde sets this erotodidactic tradition in a more serious fictional world by personifying that tradition in the voluble Pan-</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7412311" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d878370c22682b7ba71464554656b17" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38023505,"asset_id":7412311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38023505/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43129" href="https://missouristate.academia.edu/JonathanNewman">Jonathan M . Newman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43129" type="text/json">{"id":43129,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Newman","domain_name":"missouristate","page_name":"JonathanNewman","display_name":"Jonathan M . Newman","profile_url":"https://missouristate.academia.edu/JonathanNewman?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43129/82890/26657397/s65_jonathan.newman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7412311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7412311"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7412311, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7412311", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7412311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7412311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7412311"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7412311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7412311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7412311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7412311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7412311").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7412311").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7412311"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2367" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chaucer">Chaucer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2367" type="text/json">{"id":2367,"name":"Chaucer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chaucer?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="250162" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Troilus_and_Criseyde">Troilus and Criseyde</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="250162" type="text/json">{"id":250162,"name":"Troilus and Criseyde","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Troilus_and_Criseyde?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429584" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Medieval gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="429584" type="text/json">{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="603430" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ars_dictaminis">Ars dictaminis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="603430" type="text/json">{"id":603430,"name":"Ars dictaminis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ars_dictaminis?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7412311]'), work: {"id":7412311,"title":"\"Dictators of Venus: Clerical Love Letters and Female Subjection in /Troilus and Criseyde/ and the /Rota Veneris/\" ","created_at":"2014-06-20T15:34:45.650-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7412311/_Dictators_of_Venus_Clerical_Love_Letters_and_Female_Subjection_in_Troilus_and_Criseyde_and_the_Rota_Veneris_?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_7412311","summary":"Th e conscious attention to the rhetoric of seduction in Troilus and Criseyde puts it in a tradition of erotodidactic literature going back at least as far as Ovid's amatory poetry. 1 Medieval texts such as the Facetus, Andreas Capellanus's De amore, and parts of the Roman de la rose teach an Ovidian rhetoric of seduction described as praeludia to physical acts of love. 2 Troilus and Criseyde can itself be described as an ars amandi, and was treated as such well into the sixteenth century. 3 Unlike its predecessors, Troilus and Criseyde sets this erotodidactic tradition in a more serious fictional world by personifying that tradition in the voluble Pan-","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38023505,"asset_id":7412311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43129,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Newman","domain_name":"missouristate","page_name":"JonathanNewman","display_name":"Jonathan M . Newman","profile_url":"https://missouristate.academia.edu/JonathanNewman?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43129/82890/26657397/s65_jonathan.newman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2367,"name":"Chaucer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chaucer?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":250162,"name":"Troilus and Criseyde","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Troilus_and_Criseyde?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":603430,"name":"Ars dictaminis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ars_dictaminis?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":619768,"name":"Boncompagno da Signa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boncompagno_da_Signa?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39631372" data-work_id="39631372" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39631372/_Those_Who_Grow_their_Forelocks_and_Wear_the_Clothes_of_a_Knight_Young_Jewish_Men_in_Medieval_Germany_between_Rabbinical_Masculinity_and_Chivalric_Masculinity">“Those Who Grow their Forelocks and Wear the Clothes of a Knight”: Young Jewish Men in Medieval Germany, between Rabbinical Masculinity and Chivalric Masculinity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Two disparate worldviews, the rabbinical and the chivalric, helped shape young Jewish men’s gender identities in medieval Germany. Alongside traditional rabbinical ideals of masculinity to which Jewish youngsters were exposed from an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39631372" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Two disparate worldviews, the rabbinical and the chivalric, helped shape young Jewish men’s gender identities in medieval Germany. Alongside traditional rabbinical ideals of masculinity to which Jewish youngsters were exposed from an early age, they encountered the values rooted in chivalric culture that were central to the formation of gender identity among young Christian men in Europe during the Middle Ages.<br />Some young Jewish men embraced chivalric codes of masculinity to varying degrees, from dressing like their af uent Christian counterparts, to joining armies of local lords and actually adopting the chivalric way of life. Some also engaged in activities associated with the life of a knight, such as participation in tournaments, hunting, and falconry. The ideal of masculinity espoused by the Ashkenazi rabbis was sometimes at odds with chivalric culture and its values, prompting the rabbis to attempt to infuse values such as courage, pride, respect, love, and loyalty with content more in line with the ideals they sought to impart to the younger generation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39631372" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cc00e99f53633fa8913142775f50ea1b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59790783,"asset_id":39631372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59790783/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2416023" href="https://huji.academia.edu/EyalLevinson">Eyal Levinson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2416023" type="text/json">{"id":2416023,"first_name":"Eyal","last_name":"Levinson","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"EyalLevinson","display_name":"Eyal Levinson","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/EyalLevinson?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2416023/758420/942707/s65_eyal.levinson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39631372 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39631372"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39631372, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39631372", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39631372]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39631372").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39631372").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39631372"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23397" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish_History">Medieval Jewish History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23397" type="text/json">{"id":23397,"name":"Medieval Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="110175" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Masculinities">Medieval Masculinities</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="110175" type="text/json">{"id":110175,"name":"Medieval Masculinities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Masculinities?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429584" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Medieval gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="429584" type="text/json">{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="685518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Ashkenaz">Medieval Ashkenaz</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="685518" type="text/json">{"id":685518,"name":"Medieval Ashkenaz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Ashkenaz?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39631372]'), work: {"id":39631372,"title":"“Those Who Grow their Forelocks and Wear the Clothes of a Knight”: Young Jewish Men in Medieval Germany, between Rabbinical Masculinity and Chivalric Masculinity","created_at":"2019-06-18T21:56:01.152-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39631372/_Those_Who_Grow_their_Forelocks_and_Wear_the_Clothes_of_a_Knight_Young_Jewish_Men_in_Medieval_Germany_between_Rabbinical_Masculinity_and_Chivalric_Masculinity?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_39631372","summary":"Two disparate worldviews, the rabbinical and the chivalric, helped shape young Jewish men’s gender identities in medieval Germany. Alongside traditional rabbinical ideals of masculinity to which Jewish youngsters were exposed from an early age, they encountered the values rooted in chivalric culture that were central to the formation of gender identity among young Christian men in Europe during the Middle Ages.\nSome young Jewish men embraced chivalric codes of masculinity to varying degrees, from dressing like their af uent Christian counterparts, to joining armies of local lords and actually adopting the chivalric way of life. Some also engaged in activities associated with the life of a knight, such as participation in tournaments, hunting, and falconry. The ideal of masculinity espoused by the Ashkenazi rabbis was sometimes at odds with chivalric culture and its values, prompting the rabbis to attempt to infuse values such as courage, pride, respect, love, and loyalty with content more in line with the ideals they sought to impart to the younger generation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59790783,"asset_id":39631372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2416023,"first_name":"Eyal","last_name":"Levinson","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"EyalLevinson","display_name":"Eyal Levinson","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/EyalLevinson?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2416023/758420/942707/s65_eyal.levinson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23397,"name":"Medieval Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":110175,"name":"Medieval Masculinities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Masculinities?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":685518,"name":"Medieval Ashkenaz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Ashkenaz?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7386853" data-work_id="7386853" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7386853/_Medieval_in_Postposttranssexual_Key_Concepts_for_a_Twenty_First_Century_Transgender_Studies_">"Medieval" in "Postposttranssexual: Key Concepts for a Twenty-First Century Transgender Studies"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7386853" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="074a0372f8380bca176d244856d80951" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33979980,"asset_id":7386853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33979980/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1107412" href="https://osu.academia.edu/KarlWhittington">Karl Whittington</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1107412" type="text/json">{"id":1107412,"first_name":"Karl","last_name":"Whittington","domain_name":"osu","page_name":"KarlWhittington","display_name":"Karl Whittington","profile_url":"https://osu.academia.edu/KarlWhittington?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1107412/385793/54081343/s65_karl.whittington.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7386853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7386853"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7386853, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7386853", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7386853]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7386853").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7386853").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7386853"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_History">Gender History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2272" type="text/json">{"id":2272,"name":"Gender History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2624" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transgender_Studies">Transgender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2624" type="text/json">{"id":2624,"name":"Transgender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transgender_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429584" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender">Medieval gender</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="429584" type="text/json">{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7386853]'), work: {"id":7386853,"title":"\"Medieval\" in \"Postposttranssexual: Key Concepts for a Twenty-First Century Transgender Studies\"","created_at":"2014-06-18T03:58:48.472-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7386853/_Medieval_in_Postposttranssexual_Key_Concepts_for_a_Twenty_First_Century_Transgender_Studies_?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_7386853","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33979980,"asset_id":7386853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1107412,"first_name":"Karl","last_name":"Whittington","domain_name":"osu","page_name":"KarlWhittington","display_name":"Karl Whittington","profile_url":"https://osu.academia.edu/KarlWhittington?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1107412/385793/54081343/s65_karl.whittington.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2272,"name":"Gender History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":2624,"name":"Transgender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transgender_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37051058" data-work_id="37051058" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37051058/Call_for_Papers_The_Other_Half_of_Heaven_Visualizing_Female_Sanctity_in_East_and_West_c_1200_1500_ICMA_sponsored_session_at_the_54th_ICMS_Kalamazoo_9_12_May_2019">Call for Papers: The Other Half of Heaven: Visualizing Female Sanctity in East and West (c. 1200-1500). ICMA-sponsored session at the 54th ICMS, Kalamazoo, 9-12 May 2019</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37051058" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3fc5d53c392143a94cc7a38de53811b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57001745,"asset_id":37051058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57001745/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="156122" href="https://academyofathens.academia.edu/IoannaChristoforaki">Ioanna Christoforaki</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="156122" type="text/json">{"id":156122,"first_name":"Ioanna","last_name":"Christoforaki","domain_name":"academyofathens","page_name":"IoannaChristoforaki","display_name":"Ioanna Christoforaki","profile_url":"https://academyofathens.academia.edu/IoannaChristoforaki?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/156122/353973/17471456/s65_ioanna.christoforaki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37051058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37051058"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37051058, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37051058", }); 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For this, we chose the context of the Late Middle Ages,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37271899" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this article is to draw a parallel between Western and Eastern conceptions regarding notions related to sexuality, the relationship between the sexes and the feminine. For this, we chose the context of the Late Middle Ages, focusing on two sources of the 15tth century: the work of Muhammad al-Nafzawi, The Perfumed Garden and the Leal Conselheiro, of the Portuguese king D. Duarte (1391-1438)- both from a Mediterranean context, but culturally distinct in this period. The first work was written for a Tunisian sultan, while the second is a writing made by an Iberian Christian monarch for his noble subjects. In this way, we try to understand how two texts written by men and for men ended up defining two conceptions that reveal identity notions of the West and the East in relation to the dimension of sexuality.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37271899" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bcb573ba19d3c87b681c8af64060aa4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57226092,"asset_id":37271899,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57226092/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="539197" href="https://uninter.academia.edu/MarianaBonatTrevisan">Mariana Bonat Trevisan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="539197" type="text/json">{"id":539197,"first_name":"Mariana","last_name":"Bonat Trevisan","domain_name":"uninter","page_name":"MarianaBonatTrevisan","display_name":"Mariana Bonat Trevisan","profile_url":"https://uninter.academia.edu/MarianaBonatTrevisan?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/539197/193299/127842821/s65_mariana.bonat_trevisan.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37271899">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37271899"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unioeste.academia.edu/ElaineCristinaSenkoLeme">Elaine Cristina Senko Leme</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37271899'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37271899').html(); 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For this, we chose the context of the Late Middle Ages, focusing on two sources of the 15tth century: the work of Muhammad al-Nafzawi, The Perfumed Garden and the Leal Conselheiro, of the Portuguese king D. Duarte (1391-1438)- both from a Mediterranean context, but culturally distinct in this period. The first work was written for a Tunisian sultan, while the second is a writing made by an Iberian Christian monarch for his noble subjects. In this way, we try to understand how two texts written by men and for men ended up defining two conceptions that reveal identity notions of the West and the East in relation to the dimension of sexuality.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57226092,"asset_id":37271899,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":539197,"first_name":"Mariana","last_name":"Bonat Trevisan","domain_name":"uninter","page_name":"MarianaBonatTrevisan","display_name":"Mariana Bonat Trevisan","profile_url":"https://uninter.academia.edu/MarianaBonatTrevisan?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/539197/193299/127842821/s65_mariana.bonat_trevisan.jpg"},{"id":621809,"first_name":"Elaine Cristina","last_name":"Senko Leme","domain_name":"unioeste","page_name":"ElaineCristinaSenkoLeme","display_name":"Elaine Cristina Senko 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Saxony","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2303133,"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Vanderputten","domain_name":"ugent","page_name":"StevenVanderputten","display_name":"Steven Vanderputten","profile_url":"https://ugent.academia.edu/StevenVanderputten?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2303133/729839/77031858/s65_steven.vanderputten.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":89899,"name":"Medieval Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Monasticism?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":125242,"name":"Early Medieval Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Monasticism?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5421043" data-work_id="5421043" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/5421043/_The_voice_of_the_women_sounded_as_one_If_you_allow_him_to_live_you_will_destroy_our_friendship_with_the_king_Using_gender_to_underline_transgression_in_Donizone_s_Vita_Mathildis">“The voice of the women sounded as one: “If you allow him to live, you will destroy our friendship with the king!””: Using gender to underline transgression in Donizone’s Vita Mathildis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper will focus on the reference to the involvement of "the women" in the instigation of riot against the bishop of Parma in 1104. The participation of these women is referenced only in the work of Donizone, an Italian monk and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5421043" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper will focus on the reference to the involvement of <br />"the women" in the instigation of riot against the bishop of Parma in 1104. The participation of these women is referenced only in the work of Donizone, an Italian monk and poet, who views the attack in a wholly negative context. I will argue that Donizone emphasised the role played by these unidentified women as part of a broader narrative technique used to disparage those who participated in the assault. <br /> Donizone’s Vita Mathildis is a source of massive importance for the study of the representation of transgression, particularly transgression of gender roles, in eleventh and twelfth century Italy. The document focuses on the deeds of Matilda of Canossa, arguably the most important female figure in the investiture contest, and details a number of other women in prominent roles and undertaking actions normally the preserve of men. Donizone’s depictions of these women from the high nobility have been discussed in great depth but the significance of the appearance of this unnamed woman has generally been ignored. <br /> The incident in Parma in 1104 was a consequence of the installation of a new Gregorian bishop in the city with the support of Matilda of Canossa. Prior to this, Parma had been a stalwart supporter of the emperor in his conflict with the pope. Donizone, as Matilda’s polemicist, sought to portray her and her opponents in a particular light. In the case of Parma, he presented the rioters undertaking an act of social and legal transgression and this paper will argue that his reference to a woman instigating the riot sought to invoke notions of transgression of gender roles to further undermine the position of the rioters. In broader terms it will address the use of women as rhetorical figures in the literature of twelfth century Italy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5421043" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="290087" href="https://winchester.academia.edu/RobertHoughton">Robert Houghton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="290087" type="text/json">{"id":290087,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Houghton","domain_name":"winchester","page_name":"RobertHoughton","display_name":"Robert Houghton","profile_url":"https://winchester.academia.edu/RobertHoughton?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/290087/71536/3043808/s65_robert.houghton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5421043 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5421043"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5421043, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5421043", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5421043]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5421043").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5421043").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5421043"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">36</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="185" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Behavior">Collective Behavior</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="185" type="text/json">{"id":185,"name":"Collective Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Behavior?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies">Women's Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1138" type="text/json">{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature">Medieval Literature</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1228" type="text/json">{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5421043]'), work: {"id":5421043,"title":"“The voice of the women sounded as one: “If you allow him to live, you will destroy our friendship with the king!””: Using gender to underline transgression in Donizone’s Vita Mathildis","created_at":"2013-12-13T23:21:27.246-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5421043/_The_voice_of_the_women_sounded_as_one_If_you_allow_him_to_live_you_will_destroy_our_friendship_with_the_king_Using_gender_to_underline_transgression_in_Donizone_s_Vita_Mathildis?f_ri=429584","dom_id":"work_5421043","summary":"\tThis paper will focus on the reference to the involvement of \r\n\"the women\" in the instigation of riot against the bishop of Parma in 1104. The participation of these women is referenced only in the work of Donizone, an Italian monk and poet, who views the attack in a wholly negative context. I will argue that Donizone emphasised the role played by these unidentified women as part of a broader narrative technique used to disparage those who participated in the assault.\r\n\tDonizone’s Vita Mathildis is a source of massive importance for the study of the representation of transgression, particularly transgression of gender roles, in eleventh and twelfth century Italy. The document focuses on the deeds of Matilda of Canossa, arguably the most important female figure in the investiture contest, and details a number of other women in prominent roles and undertaking actions normally the preserve of men. Donizone’s depictions of these women from the high nobility have been discussed in great depth but the significance of the appearance of this unnamed woman has generally been ignored.\r\n\tThe incident in Parma in 1104 was a consequence of the installation of a new Gregorian bishop in the city with the support of Matilda of Canossa. Prior to this, Parma had been a stalwart supporter of the emperor in his conflict with the pope. Donizone, as Matilda’s polemicist, sought to portray her and her opponents in a particular light. In the case of Parma, he presented the rioters undertaking an act of social and legal transgression and this paper will argue that his reference to a woman instigating the riot sought to invoke notions of transgression of gender roles to further undermine the position of the rioters. In broader terms it will address the use of women as rhetorical figures in the literature of twelfth century Italy.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":290087,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Houghton","domain_name":"winchester","page_name":"RobertHoughton","display_name":"Robert Houghton","profile_url":"https://winchester.academia.edu/RobertHoughton?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/290087/71536/3043808/s65_robert.houghton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":185,"name":"Collective Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Behavior?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval 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Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Mysticism?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":113631,"name":"Medieval Childbirth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Childbirth?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40777969" data-work_id="40777969" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40777969/Virt%C3%B9_Marriage_Gender_and_Competing_Masculinities_in_Fourteenth_Century_Lucca">Virtù: Marriage, Gender, and Competing Masculinities in Fourteenth-Century Lucca</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">On the morning of June 1, 1346 the judge of the episcopal court of Lucca found himself confronted by a weeping pregnant woman, who fell to her knees before the bench and tearfully begged the court to demand the return of her husband. This... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40777969" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">On the morning of June 1, 1346 the judge of the episcopal court of Lucca found himself confronted by a weeping pregnant woman, who fell to her knees before the bench and tearfully begged the court to demand the return of her husband. This woman claimed that her husband had abandoned her after learning of her pregnancy and refused to acknowledge their marriage, leaving her in "poverty and wretchedness." She was not alone: the episcopal court of fourteenth-century Lucca heard numerous complaints of abandonment and abuse from wives who sought to depict themselves as the poor and powerless victims of male violence and greed. Such women may have benefitted from an increasingly competitive divide between lay and clerical models of masculinity in late medieval Italian cities. In marriage disputes, male litigants often depicted themselves as civic patriarchs, whose duties involved the accumulation of wealth and prestige and the production of heirs. The judges hearing these cases, however, were priests, sworn to celibacy and, often, to poverty. Thus there was a fundamental dissonance between the models of masculinity used to measure lay male litigants and their clerical judges. This essay argues that some female litigants' denunciations of masculine greed, violence, and disorder pitted secular models of masculinity against clerical, exploiting a growing ideological divide in late medieval Italian civic politics.<br /><br />Litigants in late medieval ecclesiastical courts understood the need to construct their legal identities in sophisticated ways. Rather than rely on simple gender constructs, litigants instead wove complicated tapestries of identity-markers in order to appeal to judges' understandings of wealth, power, gender, and civic order. Men depicted themselves as controlled and orderly heads of prosperous households, emphasizing their financial and social successes. Women, on the other hand, generally distanced themselves from power and wealth in the court. Instead, regardless of their true financial and social status, they depicted themselves as submissive, obedient, and dependent on male financial and social support, appealing both to ideologies of feminine subservience and to the theological tendency to associate poverty with virtue.<br /><br />The Latin word virtus and its Italian equivalent virtù derive from vir ("man"). True "virtue" in this sense involves masculine excellence and accomplishment, but late medieval Christian thought-canon law in particular-viewed the relationship between power, wealth, and masculine ambition as particularly fraught. If left unchecked, the desire for power and wealth could give rise to violence and greed. The secular masculine ideology of wealth, power, and honor sharply contradicted the clerical ideology of poverty, obedience, and humility. Clerics ideally were charged with humbling the wealthy and powerful and protecting the poor and powerless. This was especially true in the fourteenth century, when popular anticlericalism and the Church's slow surrender of power to secular authorities put even more pressure on ecclesiastical judges to uphold the principles of Christian morality and canon law. To clerics who were taught to venerate poverty and humility, but had risen to lucrative positions of power, female litigants presented a chance to champion these virtues.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40777969" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="93fc0d4e016fcc8559c9bbca90f65b43" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":94415756,"asset_id":40777969,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94415756/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="294104" href="https://unco.academia.edu/CorinneWieben">Corinne Wieben</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="294104" type="text/json">{"id":294104,"first_name":"Corinne","last_name":"Wieben","domain_name":"unco","page_name":"CorinneWieben","display_name":"Corinne Wieben","profile_url":"https://unco.academia.edu/CorinneWieben?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/294104/72542/50348933/s65_corinne.wieben.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40777969 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40777969"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40777969, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40777969", }); 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This woman claimed that her husband had abandoned her after learning of her pregnancy and refused to acknowledge their marriage, leaving her in \"poverty and wretchedness.\" She was not alone: the episcopal court of fourteenth-century Lucca heard numerous complaints of abandonment and abuse from wives who sought to depict themselves as the poor and powerless victims of male violence and greed. Such women may have benefitted from an increasingly competitive divide between lay and clerical models of masculinity in late medieval Italian cities. In marriage disputes, male litigants often depicted themselves as civic patriarchs, whose duties involved the accumulation of wealth and prestige and the production of heirs. The judges hearing these cases, however, were priests, sworn to celibacy and, often, to poverty. Thus there was a fundamental dissonance between the models of masculinity used to measure lay male litigants and their clerical judges. This essay argues that some female litigants' denunciations of masculine greed, violence, and disorder pitted secular models of masculinity against clerical, exploiting a growing ideological divide in late medieval Italian civic politics.\n\nLitigants in late medieval ecclesiastical courts understood the need to construct their legal identities in sophisticated ways. Rather than rely on simple gender constructs, litigants instead wove complicated tapestries of identity-markers in order to appeal to judges' understandings of wealth, power, gender, and civic order. Men depicted themselves as controlled and orderly heads of prosperous households, emphasizing their financial and social successes. Women, on the other hand, generally distanced themselves from power and wealth in the court. Instead, regardless of their true financial and social status, they depicted themselves as submissive, obedient, and dependent on male financial and social support, appealing both to ideologies of feminine subservience and to the theological tendency to associate poverty with virtue.\n\nThe Latin word virtus and its Italian equivalent virtù derive from vir (\"man\"). True \"virtue\" in this sense involves masculine excellence and accomplishment, but late medieval Christian thought-canon law in particular-viewed the relationship between power, wealth, and masculine ambition as particularly fraught. If left unchecked, the desire for power and wealth could give rise to violence and greed. The secular masculine ideology of wealth, power, and honor sharply contradicted the clerical ideology of poverty, obedience, and humility. Clerics ideally were charged with humbling the wealthy and powerful and protecting the poor and powerless. This was especially true in the fourteenth century, when popular anticlericalism and the Church's slow surrender of power to secular authorities put even more pressure on ecclesiastical judges to uphold the principles of Christian morality and canon law. To clerics who were taught to venerate poverty and humility, but had risen to lucrative positions of power, female litigants presented a chance to champion these virtues. 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The editors invite proposals for book-length studies of an interdisciplinary nature, including but not exclusively, from the fields of history, literature, art and architectural history, and visual and material culture. Consideration will be given to both monographs and collections of essays. Chronologically, we welcome studies that look at the period between 1400 and 1700 , with a focus on Britain, Europe and Global transnational histories. We invite proposals including, but not limited to, the following broad themes: methodologies, theories and meanings of gender; gender, power and political culture; monarchs, courts and p ower; construction of femininity and masculinities; gift-giving, diplomacy and the politics of exchange; gender and the politics of early modern archives and architectural spaces (court, salons, household); consumption and material culture; objects and gen dered power; women's writing; gendered patronage and power; gendered activities, behaviours, rituals and fashions. For more information, or to submit a proposal, visit <a href="http://en.aup.nl/series/gendering-the-late-medieval-and-early-modern" rel="nofollow">http://en.aup.nl/series/gendering-the-late-medieval-and-early-modern</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24810622" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b967b55aecc2c49d97042a51955b23c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45137323,"asset_id":24810622,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45137323/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMDk0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28140400" href="https://lu.academia.edu/SvanteNorrhem">Svante Norrhem</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28140400" type="text/json">{"id":28140400,"first_name":"Svante","last_name":"Norrhem","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"SvanteNorrhem","display_name":"Svante Norrhem","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/SvanteNorrhem?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28140400/7961106/8917673/s65_svante.norrhem.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-24810622">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-24810622"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uva.academia.edu/ErikaGaffney">Erika Gaffney</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://plymouth.academia.edu/JamesDaybell">James Daybell</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-24810622'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-24810622').html(); 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\nVictoria Burke, University of Ottawa; Svante Norrhem, Lund University; and Merry Wiesner-Hanks, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee\n\nThis series provides a forum for studies that investigate the themes of women and gender in the late medieval and early modern world. 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We invite proposals including, but not limited to, the following broad themes: methodologies, theories and meanings of gender; gender, power and political culture; monarchs, courts and p ower; construction of femininity and masculinities; gift-giving, diplomacy and the politics of exchange; gender and the politics of early modern archives and architectural spaces (court, salons, household); consumption and material culture; objects and gen dered power; women's writing; gendered patronage and power; gendered activities, behaviours, rituals and fashions. For more information, or to submit a proposal, visit http://en.aup.nl/series/gendering-the-late-medieval-and-early-modern","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45137323,"asset_id":24810622,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28140400,"first_name":"Svante","last_name":"Norrhem","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"SvanteNorrhem","display_name":"Svante Norrhem","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/SvanteNorrhem?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28140400/7961106/8917673/s65_svante.norrhem.jpg"},{"id":28141903,"first_name":"Erika","last_name":"Gaffney","domain_name":"uva","page_name":"ErikaGaffney","display_name":"Erika Gaffney","profile_url":"https://uva.academia.edu/ErikaGaffney?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28141903/7972035/23310501/s65_erika.gaffney.jpg"},{"id":8358355,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Daybell","domain_name":"plymouth","page_name":"JamesDaybell","display_name":"James 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gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=429584"},{"id":560785,"name":"Medieval and Renaissance masculinities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_and_Renaissance_masculinities?f_ri=429584"},{"id":567631,"name":"Women`s History and Gender History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History_and_Gender_History?f_ri=429584"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=429584"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10382785" data-work_id="10382785" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/10382785/Women_and_Manly_Dirt_Ladies_Damsels_and_Horses_in_the_Queste_del_Saint_Graal">Women and Manly Dirt: Ladies, Damsels and Horses in the Queste del Saint Graal</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thinking of the Middle Ages, we imagine, often unconsciously, dirt as gendered, so that certain kinds of dirt become associated with women and others with men. The blood of menstruation and labour are the source of repulsion and horror... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10382785" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thinking of the Middle Ages, we imagine, often unconsciously, dirt as gendered, so that certain kinds of dirt become associated with women and others with men. The blood of menstruation and labour are the source of repulsion and horror for medieval men, who themselves are associated with blood, mud and other impurities of battlefield. If we follow this line of thought, horse sweat, in the contexts of war, tournament and hunting, would provide an example of manly dirt. Modern historiography implicitly supports this view, with a considerable portion of studies in medieval equestrian history highlighting the role of men, with scarce or no mention of women. In the present paper, I address this omission, arguing that, although female riders appear in fewer instances than male riders in medieval literature, chivalric romances included, women on horseback have a significant role to play. Taking several examples from the Queste del Saint Graal  (c. 1220), the present paper argues that the appearances of women riders are meaningful in the romance; far from being an exclusively male kind of dirt, horse sweat has special significance for the description of women riders.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10382785" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1135381" href="https://bangor.academia.edu/AnastasijaRopa">Anastasija Ropa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1135381" type="text/json">{"id":1135381,"first_name":"Anastasija","last_name":"Ropa","domain_name":"bangor","page_name":"AnastasijaRopa","display_name":"Anastasija Ropa","profile_url":"https://bangor.academia.edu/AnastasijaRopa?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1135381/398386/7384008/s65_anastasija.ropa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10382785 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10382785"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10382785, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10382785", }); 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The blood of menstruation and labour are the source of repulsion and horror for medieval men, who themselves are associated with blood, mud and other impurities of battlefield. If we follow this line of thought, horse sweat, in the contexts of war, tournament and hunting, would provide an example of manly dirt. Modern historiography implicitly supports this view, with a considerable portion of studies in medieval equestrian history highlighting the role of men, with scarce or no mention of women. In the present paper, I address this omission, arguing that, although female riders appear in fewer instances than male riders in medieval literature, chivalric romances included, women on horseback have a significant role to play. Taking several examples from the Queste del Saint Graal (c. 1220), the present paper argues that the appearances of women riders are meaningful in the romance; far from being an exclusively male kind of dirt, horse sweat has special significance for the description of women riders.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1135381,"first_name":"Anastasija","last_name":"Ropa","domain_name":"bangor","page_name":"AnastasijaRopa","display_name":"Anastasija Ropa","profile_url":"https://bangor.academia.edu/AnastasijaRopa?f_ri=429584","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1135381/398386/7384008/s65_anastasija.ropa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4839,"name":"Arthurian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Studies?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":147045,"name":"Arthurian Vulgate Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Vulgate_Cycle?f_ri=429584","nofollow":true},{"id":218928,"name":"Medieval Equestrian 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