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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Design process</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">10,983 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Design process</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Design_process">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24703044" data-work_id="24703044" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24703044/Designing_security_requirements_models_through_planning">Designing security requirements models through planning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24703044" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4a4dd51ae31e81a01343a791fe899aa2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45036243,"asset_id":24703044,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45036243/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47567444" href="https://tue.academia.edu/NZannone">N. 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Zannone","profile_url":"https://tue.academia.edu/NZannone?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24703044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24703044"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24703044, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24703044", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24703044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24703044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24703044"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24703044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24703044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24703044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24703044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24703044").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24703044").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24703044"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="248" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology">Social Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="248" type="text/json">{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="449" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Engineering">Software Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="449" type="text/json">{"id":449,"name":"Software Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6177" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling">Modeling</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6177" type="text/json">{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24703044]'), work: {"id":24703044,"title":"Designing security requirements models through planning","created_at":"2016-04-24T01:01:20.783-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24703044/Designing_security_requirements_models_through_planning?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_24703044","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45036243,"asset_id":24703044,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":45689383,"asset_id":24703044,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47567444,"first_name":"N.","last_name":"Zannone","domain_name":"tue","page_name":"NZannone","display_name":"N. Zannone","profile_url":"https://tue.academia.edu/NZannone?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":449,"name":"Software Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":8129,"name":"Software Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Development?f_ri=71358"},{"id":9270,"name":"Software Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Architecture?f_ri=71358"},{"id":10868,"name":"Confidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence?f_ri=71358"},{"id":22630,"name":"Automated reasoning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automated_reasoning?f_ri=71358"},{"id":22686,"name":"Distributed System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributed_System?f_ri=71358"},{"id":42676,"name":"Software Verification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Verification?f_ri=71358"},{"id":47813,"name":"Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planning?f_ri=71358"},{"id":49161,"name":"Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Safety?f_ri=71358"},{"id":66379,"name":"Automation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":84822,"name":"Security Requirements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Requirements?f_ri=71358"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=71358"},{"id":106716,"name":"Requirement Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Requirement_Engineering?f_ri=71358"},{"id":801214,"name":"Model Driven Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model_Driven_Architecture?f_ri=71358"},{"id":2213585,"name":"Information System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_System?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44902106 coauthored" data-work_id="44902106" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44902106/The_role_of_Artificial_Intelligence_in_architectural_design_conversation_with_designers_and_researchers">The role of Artificial Intelligence in architectural design: conversation with designers and researchers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The proliferation of data together with the increase of computing power in the last decade has triggered a new interest in artificial intelligence methods. Machine learning and in particular deep learning techniques, inspired by the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44902106" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The proliferation of data together with the increase of computing power in the last decade has triggered a new interest in artificial intelligence methods. Machine learning and in particular deep learning techniques, inspired by the topological structure of neurons network in brains, are omnipresent in the IT discourse, and generated new enthusiasms and fears in our society. These methods have already shown great effectiveness in fields far from architecture and have long been exploited in software that we use every day. Many computing libraries are available for anyone with some programming skills and allow them to "train" a neural network based on several types of data. The world of architecture has not remained external to this phenomenon: many researchers are working on the applications of artificial intelligence to architectural design, a few design software allow exploiting machine learning algorithms, and some large architectural firms have begun to experiment with deep learning methods to put into practice data accumulated over years of profession, with a special interest in environmental sustainability and building performance. If on the one hand, these techniques promise great results, on the other we are still in an exploratory phase. It is then necessary, in our opinion, to understand what the roles of this technology could be within the architectural design process, and with which scopes they can facilitate such a complex profession as that of the architect. On this subject we made ten interviews with as many designers and researchers in the AEC industry, In the article we will report a summary of their testimonies, comparing and commenting on the responses of the designers, with the aim of understanding the potentials of using artificial intelligence methods within the design process, report their perceptions on how artificial intelligence techniques can affect the architect's approach to the project, concluding with some reflections on the critical issues identified during the interviews with the designers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44902106" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7105c92d87458ab9e81ea505ac1cd1aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65421985,"asset_id":44902106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65421985/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17255448" href="https://unipa.academia.edu/GGallo">Giuseppe Gallo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17255448" type="text/json">{"id":17255448,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Gallo","domain_name":"unipa","page_name":"GGallo","display_name":"Giuseppe Gallo","profile_url":"https://unipa.academia.edu/GGallo?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17255448/4778222/37006661/s65_giuseppe.gallo.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44902106">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44902106"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/fulviowirz">fulvio wirz</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44902106'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44902106').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44902106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44902106"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44902106; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44902106]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44902106").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44902106").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44902106"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1372" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture">Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1372" type="text/json">{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7264" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Process_Architecture_">Design Process (Architecture)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7264" type="text/json">{"id":7264,"name":"Design Process (Architecture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Process_Architecture_?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44902106]'), work: {"id":44902106,"title":"The role of Artificial Intelligence in architectural design: conversation with designers and researchers","created_at":"2021-01-14T02:36:44.905-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44902106/The_role_of_Artificial_Intelligence_in_architectural_design_conversation_with_designers_and_researchers?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_44902106","summary":"The proliferation of data together with the increase of computing power in the last decade has triggered a new interest in artificial intelligence methods. Machine learning and in particular deep learning techniques, inspired by the topological structure of neurons network in brains, are omnipresent in the IT discourse, and generated new enthusiasms and fears in our society. These methods have already shown great effectiveness in fields far from architecture and have long been exploited in software that we use every day. Many computing libraries are available for anyone with some programming skills and allow them to \"train\" a neural network based on several types of data. The world of architecture has not remained external to this phenomenon: many researchers are working on the applications of artificial intelligence to architectural design, a few design software allow exploiting machine learning algorithms, and some large architectural firms have begun to experiment with deep learning methods to put into practice data accumulated over years of profession, with a special interest in environmental sustainability and building performance. If on the one hand, these techniques promise great results, on the other we are still in an exploratory phase. It is then necessary, in our opinion, to understand what the roles of this technology could be within the architectural design process, and with which scopes they can facilitate such a complex profession as that of the architect. On this subject we made ten interviews with as many designers and researchers in the AEC industry, In the article we will report a summary of their testimonies, comparing and commenting on the responses of the designers, with the aim of understanding the potentials of using artificial intelligence methods within the design process, report their perceptions on how artificial intelligence techniques can affect the architect's approach to the project, concluding with some reflections on the critical issues identified during the interviews with the designers.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65421985,"asset_id":44902106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17255448,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Gallo","domain_name":"unipa","page_name":"GGallo","display_name":"Giuseppe Gallo","profile_url":"https://unipa.academia.edu/GGallo?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17255448/4778222/37006661/s65_giuseppe.gallo.jpg"},{"id":102240406,"first_name":"fulvio","last_name":"wirz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"fulviowirz","display_name":"fulvio wirz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/fulviowirz?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7264,"name":"Design Process (Architecture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Process_Architecture_?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":11820,"name":"Modeling and Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation?f_ri=71358"},{"id":16693,"name":"Theory Of Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture?f_ri=71358"},{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":61835,"name":"Urban Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":81182,"name":"Deep Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deep_Learning?f_ri=71358"},{"id":86542,"name":"History and theory of architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_theory_of_architecture?f_ri=71358"},{"id":111892,"name":"Generative Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_Architectural_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":199700,"name":"Generative Design Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_Design_Research?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32199458" data-work_id="32199458" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32199458/Building_type_developing_interpretive_design_strategies_to_translate_selected_New_Zealand_suburban_architecture_into_type_design">Building type: developing interpretive design strategies to translate selected New Zealand suburban architecture into type design</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Building type explores interpretation as a creative strategy for developing experimental design processes that translate architecture into type. The research sits within the experimental area of the contemporary type design context. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32199458" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Building type explores interpretation as a creative strategy for developing experimental design processes that translate architecture into type. The research sits within the experimental area of the contemporary type design context. The methodology is based on a hermeneutic framework and establishes a cycle of research methods that enable the project to progress through several phases of inquiry. It is a practice-based project, but its intended outputs are not fully resolved typefaces, but rather a range of experimental type design strategies. These strategies translate aspects of selected New Zealand suburban architecture (a single-bay villa, a Californian bungalow and a state house) into letterforms and prototypefaces. The outcomes are communicated through two sets of publications, large format posters, plan print guidelines, card inserts and an exegesis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32199458" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="151a2a391763cd93205be110b44a958d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53040457,"asset_id":32199458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53040457/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="145096" href="https://aut.academia.edu/CarolinePowley">Caroline Powley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="145096" type="text/json">{"id":145096,"first_name":"Caroline","last_name":"Powley","domain_name":"aut","page_name":"CarolinePowley","display_name":"Caroline Powley","profile_url":"https://aut.academia.edu/CarolinePowley?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/145096/38427/35305/s65_caroline.powley.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32199458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32199458"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32199458, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32199458", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32199458]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32199458").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32199458").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32199458"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9548" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conceptual_Metaphor_Theory">Conceptual Metaphor Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9548" type="text/json">{"id":9548,"name":"Conceptual Metaphor Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conceptual_Metaphor_Theory?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17667" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typeface_Design">Typeface Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17667" type="text/json">{"id":17667,"name":"Typeface Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typeface_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21747" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Design">Experimental Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21747" type="text/json">{"id":21747,"name":"Experimental Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32199458]'), work: {"id":32199458,"title":"Building type: developing interpretive design strategies to translate selected New Zealand suburban architecture into type design","created_at":"2017-04-02T06:18:03.989-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32199458/Building_type_developing_interpretive_design_strategies_to_translate_selected_New_Zealand_suburban_architecture_into_type_design?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_32199458","summary":"Building type explores interpretation as a creative strategy for developing experimental design processes that translate architecture into type. The research sits within the experimental area of the contemporary type design context. The methodology is based on a hermeneutic framework and establishes a cycle of research methods that enable the project to progress through several phases of inquiry. It is a practice-based project, but its intended outputs are not fully resolved typefaces, but rather a range of experimental type design strategies. These strategies translate aspects of selected New Zealand suburban architecture (a single-bay villa, a Californian bungalow and a state house) into letterforms and prototypefaces. The outcomes are communicated through two sets of publications, large format posters, plan print guidelines, card inserts and an exegesis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53040457,"asset_id":32199458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":145096,"first_name":"Caroline","last_name":"Powley","domain_name":"aut","page_name":"CarolinePowley","display_name":"Caroline Powley","profile_url":"https://aut.academia.edu/CarolinePowley?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/145096/38427/35305/s65_caroline.powley.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9548,"name":"Conceptual Metaphor Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conceptual_Metaphor_Theory?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":17667,"name":"Typeface Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typeface_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":21747,"name":"Experimental Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":99880,"name":"Design Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Strategy?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13752730" data-work_id="13752730" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13752730/Biologically_inspired_design_process_and_products">Biologically inspired design: process and products</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13752730" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b6e0dec8b2e5c106af87a1e7731e3f2e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44993082,"asset_id":13752730,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44993082/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32871238" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelHelms1">Michael Helms</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32871238" type="text/json">{"id":32871238,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Helms","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelHelms1","display_name":"Michael Helms","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelHelms1?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13752730 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13752730"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13752730, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13752730", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13752730 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13752730; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13752730"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13752730 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13752730"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13752730; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13752730]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13752730").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13752730").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13752730"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design">Engineering Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7947" type="text/json">{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67531" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Cognition">Design Cognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="67531" type="text/json">{"id":67531,"name":"Design Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Cognition?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13752730]'), work: {"id":13752730,"title":"Biologically inspired design: process and products","created_at":"2015-07-07T08:49:39.142-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13752730/Biologically_inspired_design_process_and_products?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_13752730","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44993082,"asset_id":13752730,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32871238,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Helms","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelHelms1","display_name":"Michael Helms","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelHelms1?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":67531,"name":"Design Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Cognition?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":78683,"name":"Design studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_studies?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42670733 coauthored" data-work_id="42670733" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42670733/The_role_of_user_research_in_design_process_in_product">The role of user research in design process in product</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Building product usage scenario of products, building product-user relationship, thinking like users and empathizing with users are the most frequently encountered problems in project-based studio courses in current undergraduate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42670733" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Building product usage scenario of products, building product-user relationship, thinking like users and empathizing with users are the most frequently encountered problems in project-based studio courses in current undergraduate education of Industrial Design and Industrial Product Design departments in Turkey.In this research, undergraduate second and third year programs of Industrial Design departments of 13 different universities in Turkey are examined. Learning outcomes, contents and objectives of the product design courses are compared and contrasted. Thus the similarities and the differences are obtained. Consequently, the two main reasons for the ignorance of user research during design process are; the absence of theoretical courses about user research and the absence of practical and supportive reflection of these courses on product design studio courses. Application of these concepts in design process could be one of the solutions for current problems. As a result of this study, integration of the new methods such as; participatory design, co-design and collaborative design approaches to design process in product design education is suggested. Besides, the importance and the necessity of user participation experience are emphasized.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42670733" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c072be55f17cdd862d40a9654782173a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62878550,"asset_id":42670733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62878550/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66589763" href="https://independent.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofInnovativeResearchinEducation">International Journal of Innovative Research in Education</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66589763" type="text/json">{"id":66589763,"first_name":"International Journal of","last_name":"Innovative Research in Education","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"InternationalJournalofInnovativeResearchinEducation","display_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Education","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofInnovativeResearchinEducation?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66589763/17338030/17440926/s65_international_journal_of.innovative_research_in_education.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-42670733">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-42670733"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://metu.academia.edu/ZeynepYalmanY%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m">Zeynep Yalman-Yıldırım</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-42670733'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-42670733').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42670733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42670733"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42670733, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42670733", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42670733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42670733; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42670733"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42670733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42670733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42670733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42670733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42670733").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42670733").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42670733"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1903" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_education">Design education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1903" type="text/json">{"id":1903,"name":"Design education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_education?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2918" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Design">Participatory Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2918" type="text/json">{"id":2918,"name":"Participatory Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16750" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Co-Design">Co-Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16750" type="text/json">{"id":16750,"name":"Co-Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Co-Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46173" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_Research">User Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="46173" type="text/json">{"id":46173,"name":"User Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_Research?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42670733]'), work: {"id":42670733,"title":"The role of user research in design process in product","created_at":"2020-04-08T13:21:07.175-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42670733/The_role_of_user_research_in_design_process_in_product?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_42670733","summary":"Building product usage scenario of products, building product-user relationship, thinking like users and empathizing with users are the most frequently encountered problems in project-based studio courses in current undergraduate education of Industrial Design and Industrial Product Design departments in Turkey.In this research, undergraduate second and third year programs of Industrial Design departments of 13 different universities in Turkey are examined. Learning outcomes, contents and objectives of the product design courses are compared and contrasted. Thus the similarities and the differences are obtained. Consequently, the two main reasons for the ignorance of user research during design process are; the absence of theoretical courses about user research and the absence of practical and supportive reflection of these courses on product design studio courses. Application of these concepts in design process could be one of the solutions for current problems. As a result of this study, integration of the new methods such as; participatory design, co-design and collaborative design approaches to design process in product design education is suggested. Besides, the importance and the necessity of user participation experience are emphasized.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62878550,"asset_id":42670733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66589763,"first_name":"International Journal of","last_name":"Innovative Research in Education","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"InternationalJournalofInnovativeResearchinEducation","display_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Education","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofInnovativeResearchinEducation?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66589763/17338030/17440926/s65_international_journal_of.innovative_research_in_education.jpg"},{"id":13200992,"first_name":"Zeynep","last_name":"Yalman-Yıldırım","domain_name":"metu","page_name":"ZeynepYalmanYıldırım","display_name":"Zeynep Yalman-Yıldırım","profile_url":"https://metu.academia.edu/ZeynepYalmanY%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13200992/3853588/31663148/s65_zeynep.yalman-y_ld_r_m.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1903,"name":"Design education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_education?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":2918,"name":"Participatory Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":16750,"name":"Co-Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Co-Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":46173,"name":"User Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_Research?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12488068" data-work_id="12488068" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12488068/RealTimeChess_Lessons_from_a_Participatory_Design_Process_for_a_Collaborative_Multi_Touch_Multi_User_Game">RealTimeChess: Lessons from a Participatory Design Process for a Collaborative Multi-Touch, Multi-User Game</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We report on a long-term participatory design process during which we designed and improved RealTimeChess, a collaborative but competitive game that is played using touch input by multiple people on a tabletop display. During the design... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12488068" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We report on a long-term participatory design process during which we designed and improved RealTimeChess, a collaborative but competitive game that is played using touch input by multiple people on a tabletop display. During the design process we integrated concurrent input from all players and pace control, allowing us to steer the interaction along a continuum between high-paced simultaneous and low-paced turn-based gameplay. In addition, we integrated tutorials for teaching interaction techniques, ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12488068" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="03308db5de0937c4bd9dbb7e1dc26ae8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37689391,"asset_id":12488068,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37689391/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31340464" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ricVernier">Frédéric Vernier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31340464" type="text/json">{"id":31340464,"first_name":"Frédéric","last_name":"Vernier","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FrédéricVernier","display_name":"Frédéric Vernier","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ricVernier?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12488068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12488068"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12488068, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12488068", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12488068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12488068; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12488068"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12488068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12488068"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12488068; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12488068]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12488068").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12488068").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12488068"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46474" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Territoriality">Territoriality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="46474" type="text/json">{"id":46474,"name":"Territoriality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Territoriality?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="197351" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Awareness">Awareness</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="197351" type="text/json">{"id":197351,"name":"Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Awareness?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12488068]'), work: {"id":12488068,"title":"RealTimeChess: Lessons from a Participatory Design Process for a Collaborative Multi-Touch, Multi-User Game","created_at":"2015-05-20T07:50:50.097-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12488068/RealTimeChess_Lessons_from_a_Participatory_Design_Process_for_a_Collaborative_Multi_Touch_Multi_User_Game?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_12488068","summary":"We report on a long-term participatory design process during which we designed and improved RealTimeChess, a collaborative but competitive game that is played using touch input by multiple people on a tabletop display. During the design process we integrated concurrent input from all players and pace control, allowing us to steer the interaction along a continuum between high-paced simultaneous and low-paced turn-based gameplay. In addition, we integrated tutorials for teaching interaction techniques, ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37689391,"asset_id":12488068,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31340464,"first_name":"Frédéric","last_name":"Vernier","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FrédéricVernier","display_name":"Frédéric Vernier","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ricVernier?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":46474,"name":"Territoriality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Territoriality?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":197351,"name":"Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Awareness?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50940923" data-work_id="50940923" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50940923/CPE_664_and_CPE_644_Design_Project_1_and_2_Design_Project_Full_Report_Mohd_Wishal">CPE 664 & CPE 644_Design Project 1 & 2_Design Project Full Report_Mohd Wishal</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Chapter 1: Process Background & Selection Chapter 2: Site Location Chapter 3: Mass Balance Chapter 4: Energy Balance Chapter 5: Process Simulation Chapter 6: Environmental and Waste Management Chapter 7: Process Integration Chapter 8:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50940923" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chapter 1: Process Background & Selection<br />Chapter 2: Site Location<br />Chapter 3: Mass Balance<br />Chapter 4: Energy Balance<br />Chapter 5: Process Simulation<br />Chapter 6: Environmental and Waste Management<br />Chapter 7: Process Integration<br />Chapter 8: Process Control & Instrumentation<br />Chapter 9: Design of Major Equipment (Chemical & Mechanical)<br />Chapter 10: Economic Analysis<br />Chapter 11: Plant Safety & Layout</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50940923" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="197e357bf8dc4352656c256f6445d7a2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68817647,"asset_id":50940923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68817647/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58628505" href="https://uitm.academia.edu/WishalKurnia">Wishal Kurnia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58628505" type="text/json">{"id":58628505,"first_name":"Wishal","last_name":"Kurnia","domain_name":"uitm","page_name":"WishalKurnia","display_name":"Wishal Kurnia","profile_url":"https://uitm.academia.edu/WishalKurnia?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58628505/22746694/32317140/s65_wishal.kurnia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50940923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50940923"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50940923, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50940923", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50940923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50940923; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50940923"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50940923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50940923"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50940923; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50940923]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50940923").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50940923").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50940923"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6284" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment">Water and wastewater treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6284" type="text/json">{"id":6284,"name":"Water and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9991" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment">Wastewater Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9991" type="text/json">{"id":9991,"name":"Wastewater Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34117" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_and_Biological_Engineering">Chemical and Biological Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="34117" type="text/json">{"id":34117,"name":"Chemical and Biological Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_and_Biological_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50940923]'), work: {"id":50940923,"title":"CPE 664 \u0026 CPE 644_Design Project 1 \u0026 2_Design Project Full Report_Mohd Wishal","created_at":"2021-08-19T21:07:55.716-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50940923/CPE_664_and_CPE_644_Design_Project_1_and_2_Design_Project_Full_Report_Mohd_Wishal?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_50940923","summary":"Chapter 1: Process Background \u0026 Selection\nChapter 2: Site Location\nChapter 3: Mass Balance\nChapter 4: Energy Balance\nChapter 5: Process Simulation\nChapter 6: Environmental and Waste Management\nChapter 7: Process Integration\nChapter 8: Process Control \u0026 Instrumentation\nChapter 9: Design of Major Equipment (Chemical \u0026 Mechanical)\nChapter 10: Economic Analysis\nChapter 11: Plant Safety \u0026 Layout","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68817647,"asset_id":50940923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58628505,"first_name":"Wishal","last_name":"Kurnia","domain_name":"uitm","page_name":"WishalKurnia","display_name":"Wishal Kurnia","profile_url":"https://uitm.academia.edu/WishalKurnia?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58628505/22746694/32317140/s65_wishal.kurnia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":6284,"name":"Water and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":9991,"name":"Wastewater Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":34117,"name":"Chemical and Biological Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_and_Biological_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":45180,"name":"Chemical Reaction Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Reaction_Engineering?f_ri=71358"},{"id":54710,"name":"Chemical Process Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Process_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":60486,"name":"Chemicals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemicals?f_ri=71358"},{"id":63773,"name":"Hysys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hysys?f_ri=71358"},{"id":70829,"name":"Water and Wastewater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Wastewater?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":74948,"name":"Aspen Hysys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspen_Hysys?f_ri=71358"},{"id":83986,"name":"Biological Wastewater Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Wastewater_Treatment?f_ri=71358"},{"id":118260,"name":"Processor Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Processor_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":249729,"name":"Chemical Engineering Process Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering_Process_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":693631,"name":"Mechanical design and manufacturing process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_design_and_manufacturing_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1366612,"name":"UITM SHAH ALAM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UITM_SHAH_ALAM?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53704967" data-work_id="53704967" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53704967/Analysing_Design_Behaviour_The_Design_Thinking_Research_Symposia_Series">Analysing Design Behaviour: The Design Thinking Research Symposia Series</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The series of symposia on Design Thinking Research (DTRS) was begun in 1991 with seven symposia and workshops held to date. The series has produced a substantial set of publications in books and journals, with significant research... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53704967" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The series of symposia on Design Thinking Research (DTRS) was begun in 1991 with seven symposia and workshops held to date. The series has produced a substantial set of publications in books and journals, with significant research results, and has helped foster an international community of scholars and researchers focused on design cognition. One particular innovation of the series is</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53704967" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75e0a2f12bbdf27927ec54090b5569ff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70423765,"asset_id":53704967,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70423765/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41907759" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JanetMcDonnell">Janet McDonnell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41907759" type="text/json">{"id":41907759,"first_name":"Janet","last_name":"McDonnell","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JanetMcDonnell","display_name":"Janet McDonnell","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JanetMcDonnell?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_53704967 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="53704967"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53704967, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_53704967", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53704967]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_53704967").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_53704967").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53704967"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Research">Design Research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5282" type="text/json">{"id":5282,"name":"Design Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Research?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19100" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_thinking">Design thinking</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19100" type="text/json">{"id":19100,"name":"Design thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_thinking?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67531" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Cognition">Design Cognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="67531" type="text/json">{"id":67531,"name":"Design Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Cognition?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53704967]'), work: {"id":53704967,"title":"Analysing Design Behaviour: The Design Thinking Research Symposia Series","created_at":"2021-09-28T06:20:51.000-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53704967/Analysing_Design_Behaviour_The_Design_Thinking_Research_Symposia_Series?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_53704967","summary":"The series of symposia on Design Thinking Research (DTRS) was begun in 1991 with seven symposia and workshops held to date. 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33948451]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33948451").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33948451").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33948451"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5199" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Games">Video Games</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5199" type="text/json">{"id":5199,"name":"Video Games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Games?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11306" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Game">Video Game</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11306" type="text/json">{"id":11306,"name":"Video Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Game?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33948451]'), work: {"id":33948451,"title":"2006-2590: The Design Process of a Chemistry Video Game","created_at":"2017-07-19T11:47:35.086-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33948451/2006_2590_The_Design_Process_of_a_Chemistry_Video_Game?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_33948451","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53910255,"asset_id":33948451,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52091855,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"itlalaguna","page_name":"CarlosMorales","display_name":"Carlos Morales","profile_url":"https://itlalaguna.academia.edu/CarlosMorales?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5199,"name":"Video Games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Games?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":11306,"name":"Video Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Game?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_667799" data-work_id="667799" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/667799/Exploring_the_Need_and_Means_for_Greater_Collaboration_in_the_Design_Studio">Exploring the Need and Means for Greater Collaboration in the Design Studio</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The design and implementation of even the simplest architectural projects are almost exclusively collaborative endeavors, often requiring individuals of diverse experience and background, working together to achieve a singular goal. Each... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_667799" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The design and implementation of even the simplest architectural projects are almost exclusively collaborative endeavors, often requiring individuals of diverse experience and background, working together to achieve a singular goal. Each highly trained in their respective areas, yet few (if any) are formally trained authorities in the skills of collaboration. This includes architects, individuals who are often put at the lead of design projects which include people of varied backgrounds, working styles and areas of expertise.<br />Historically, the education of an architect has been a highly individualized pursuit, focused on the development of an individual skill set that seldom includes collaboration beyond that of student and professor. While this individualized hand’s on approach to education has been highly revered by many, it often falls short of its potential and fails to recognize that the greatest design accomplishments of humankind have been the undertaking of collaborative enterprise. Furthermore, architecture students are being prepared in a manner that is contrary to the highly collaborative nature of the architectural practice they will enter.<br />As Collaborative methods begin to see increased popularity in the design studios, the next generations of architects will have a greater capacity to work within the growing range of complexities of architectural practice. It is no longer possible for an architect to build anything substantial without the help of multiple sources, whether it is within their own team or from outside contributors. This paper begins by exploring the need for collaborative design pedagogy by looking at what goals this methodology seeks to achieve and the methods by which it has been and currently is being implemented. After making a case for the use of collaborative design pedagogy the paper concludes by examining the anatomy of a collaborative design studio recently conducted with a group of first years graduate students in architecture.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/667799" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f918bf310a2c759ebf00455ee50ca82d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":3701724,"asset_id":667799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/3701724/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="133888" href="https://ucf.academia.edu/ThomasMcPeek">Thomas McPeek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="133888" type="text/json">{"id":133888,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"McPeek","domain_name":"ucf","page_name":"ThomasMcPeek","display_name":"Thomas McPeek","profile_url":"https://ucf.academia.edu/ThomasMcPeek?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/133888/35588/116651890/s65_thomas.mcpeek.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_667799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="667799"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 667799, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_667799", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=667799]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_667799").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_667799").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="667799"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9491" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy">Pedagogy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9491" type="text/json">{"id":9491,"name":"Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48452" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Studio">Design Studio</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48452" type="text/json">{"id":48452,"name":"Design Studio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Studio?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60361" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teamwork">Teamwork</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60361" type="text/json">{"id":60361,"name":"Teamwork","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teamwork?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=667799]'), work: {"id":667799,"title":"Exploring the Need and Means for Greater Collaboration in the Design Studio","created_at":"2011-06-14T02:19:19.798-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/667799/Exploring_the_Need_and_Means_for_Greater_Collaboration_in_the_Design_Studio?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_667799","summary":"The design and implementation of even the simplest architectural projects are almost exclusively collaborative endeavors, often requiring individuals of diverse experience and background, working together to achieve a singular goal. Each highly trained in their respective areas, yet few (if any) are formally trained authorities in the skills of collaboration. This includes architects, individuals who are often put at the lead of design projects which include people of varied backgrounds, working styles and areas of expertise.\nHistorically, the education of an architect has been a highly individualized pursuit, focused on the development of an individual skill set that seldom includes collaboration beyond that of student and professor. While this individualized hand’s on approach to education has been highly revered by many, it often falls short of its potential and fails to recognize that the greatest design accomplishments of humankind have been the undertaking of collaborative enterprise. Furthermore, architecture students are being prepared in a manner that is contrary to the highly collaborative nature of the architectural practice they will enter.\nAs Collaborative methods begin to see increased popularity in the design studios, the next generations of architects will have a greater capacity to work within the growing range of complexities of architectural practice. It is no longer possible for an architect to build anything substantial without the help of multiple sources, whether it is within their own team or from outside contributors. This paper begins by exploring the need for collaborative design pedagogy by looking at what goals this methodology seeks to achieve and the methods by which it has been and currently is being implemented. After making a case for the use of collaborative design pedagogy the paper concludes by examining the anatomy of a collaborative design studio recently conducted with a group of first years graduate students in architecture.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":3701724,"asset_id":667799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":133888,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"McPeek","domain_name":"ucf","page_name":"ThomasMcPeek","display_name":"Thomas McPeek","profile_url":"https://ucf.academia.edu/ThomasMcPeek?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/133888/35588/116651890/s65_thomas.mcpeek.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":9491,"name":"Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":48452,"name":"Design Studio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Studio?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":60361,"name":"Teamwork","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teamwork?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44049808" data-work_id="44049808" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44049808/Teaching_High_School_Students_and_College_Freshmen_Product_Development_by_Deterministic_Design_With_PREP">Teaching High School Students and College Freshmen Product Development by Deterministic Design With PREP</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul 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class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44049808"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44049808; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44049808]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44049808").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44049808").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44049808"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6177" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling">Modeling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6177" type="text/json">{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7125" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture">Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7125" type="text/json">{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design">Engineering Design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7947" type="text/json">{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44049808]'), work: {"id":44049808,"title":"Teaching High School Students and College Freshmen Product Development by Deterministic Design With PREP","created_at":"2020-09-09T03:57:25.186-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44049808/Teaching_High_School_Students_and_College_Freshmen_Product_Development_by_Deterministic_Design_With_PREP?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_44049808","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64390958,"asset_id":44049808,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":169577466,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Slocum","domain_name":"mit","page_name":"AlexanderSlocum","display_name":"Alexander Slocum","profile_url":"https://mit.academia.edu/AlexanderSlocum?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":15346,"name":"Puerto Rico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Puerto_Rico?f_ri=71358"},{"id":24837,"name":"Peer Review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peer_Review?f_ri=71358"},{"id":37753,"name":"Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":85930,"name":"High School","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_School?f_ri=71358"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=71358"},{"id":132333,"name":"Product Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Product_Development?f_ri=71358"},{"id":133919,"name":"Non Functional Requirement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_Functional_Requirement?f_ri=71358"},{"id":207826,"name":"Physical disability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_disability?f_ri=71358"},{"id":257367,"name":"Mechanical design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":414724,"name":"High School Student","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_School_Student?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79082243" data-work_id="79082243" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79082243/Achieving_Lean_Design_Process_Improvement_Methodology">Achieving Lean Design Process: Improvement Methodology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79082243" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8d5c1a46ad6e423abe9e8f5524339efa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85922473,"asset_id":79082243,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85922473/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="141041000" href="https://uaic.academia.edu/AndreeaLazarescu">Andreea Lazarescu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="141041000" 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79082243").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79082243"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65165358/Design_and_optimization_of_a_circularly_polarized_microstrip_antenna_for_GPS_applications_using_ANFIS_and_GA">Design and optimization of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna for GPS applications using ANFIS and GA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper a method based on combining adaptive neuro fuzzy inference systems (ANFISs) and genetic algorithm (GA) is applied for design and optimization of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna for L1 frequency band of GPS. In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_65165358" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper a method based on combining adaptive neuro fuzzy inference systems (ANFISs) and genetic algorithm (GA) is applied for design and optimization of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna for L1 frequency band of GPS. In design process, trained ANFISs are used for estimating return loss and axial ratio. In optimization process, a proper objective function is defined and minimized with GA in order to obtain optimum physical parameters. The optimization method is much faster than conventional optimization methods. Both simulation and measurement results confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the method.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65165358" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17140410d2159c86a9c4769be5dbb5c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76880004,"asset_id":65165358,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76880004/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="139978312" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbbasHeidari5">Abbas Heidari</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="139978312" type="text/json">{"id":139978312,"first_name":"Abbas","last_name":"Heidari","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AbbasHeidari5","display_name":"Abbas Heidari","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AbbasHeidari5?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_65165358 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="65165358"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 65165358, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_65165358", }); 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In design process, trained ANFISs are used for estimating return loss and axial ratio. In optimization process, a proper objective function is defined and minimized with GA in order to obtain optimum physical parameters. The optimization method is much faster than conventional optimization methods. Both simulation and measurement results confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the method.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76880004,"asset_id":65165358,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":139978312,"first_name":"Abbas","last_name":"Heidari","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AbbasHeidari5","display_name":"Abbas Heidari","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AbbasHeidari5?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":980,"name":"Microstrip Antennas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstrip_Antennas?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":5026,"name":"Genetic Algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Algorithms?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":22169,"name":"Microstrip Antenna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstrip_Antenna?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":25384,"name":"Global Positioning System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Positioning_System?f_ri=71358"},{"id":30329,"name":"Genetic Algorithm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Algorithm?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":136554,"name":"adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/adaptive_neuro_fuzzy_inference_system_ANFIS_?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1945404,"name":"Axial ratio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Axial_ratio?f_ri=71358"},{"id":2421822,"name":"Objective function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Objective_function?f_ri=71358"},{"id":4036646,"name":"Circularly polarized","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Circularly_polarized?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } 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control in milling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Passive means of vibration attenuation have been employed successfully and efficiently in machining systems such as turning and milling. Traditional approach to controlling vibration in a milling system is to develop control mechanisms... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12978182" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Passive means of vibration attenuation have been employed successfully and efficiently in machining systems such as turning and milling. Traditional approach to controlling vibration in a milling system is to develop control mechanisms for cutting tools or machine spindles. However, due to the nature of milling operations where the cutting tools rotate at high speed, the passive vibration control methods</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12978182" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95397373d2bdce20a792151037a43b71" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45809702,"asset_id":12978182,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45809702/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32185945" href="https://kth.academia.edu/ARashid">Amir Rashid</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32185945" type="text/json">{"id":32185945,"first_name":"Amir","last_name":"Rashid","domain_name":"kth","page_name":"ARashid","display_name":"Amir Rashid","profile_url":"https://kth.academia.edu/ARashid?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12978182 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12978182"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12978182, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12978182", }); 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Traditional approach to controlling vibration in a milling system is to develop control mechanisms for cutting tools or machine spindles. 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81315443" data-work_id="81315443" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81315443/Design_Of_Thermal_Control_Subsystem_For_Tusat_Telecommunication_Satellite">Design Of Thermal Control Subsystem For Tusat Telecommunication Satellite</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">TUSAT is a prospective Turkish Communication Satellite designed for providing mainly data communication and broadcasting services through Ku-Band and C-Band channels. Thermal control is a vital issue in satellite design process.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81315443" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">TUSAT is a prospective Turkish Communication Satellite designed for providing mainly data communication and broadcasting services through Ku-Band and C-Band channels. Thermal control is a vital issue in satellite design process. Therefore, all satellite subsystems and equipments should be maintained in the desired temperature range from launch to end of maneuvering life. The main function of the thermal control is to keep the equipments and the satellite structures in a given temperature range for various phases and operating modes of spacecraft during its lifetime. This paper describes the thermal control design which uses passive and active thermal control concepts. The active thermal control is based on heaters regulated by software via thermistors. Alternatively passive thermal control composes of heat pipes, multilayer insulation (MLI) blankets, radiators, paints and surface finishes maintaining temperature level of the overall carrier components within an acceptable value. 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Thermal control is a vital issue in satellite design process. Therefore, all satellite subsystems and equipments should be maintained in the desired temperature range from launch to end of maneuvering life. The main function of the thermal control is to keep the equipments and the satellite structures in a given temperature range for various phases and operating modes of spacecraft during its lifetime. This paper describes the thermal control design which uses passive and active thermal control concepts. The active thermal control is based on heaters regulated by software via thermistors. Alternatively passive thermal control composes of heat pipes, multilayer insulation (MLI) blankets, radiators, paints and surface finishes maintaining temperature level of the overall carrier components within an acceptable value. The...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87401904,"asset_id":81315443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":186060955,"first_name":"Nedim","last_name":"Sözbir","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NSözbir","display_name":"Nedim Sözbir","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NS%C3%B6zbir?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/186060955/126219636/115592780/s65_nedim.s_zbir.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":66755,"name":"Data Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Communication?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":215106,"name":"Satellite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Satellite?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model?f_ri=71358"},{"id":317239,"name":"Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=71358"},{"id":858689,"name":"Thermal Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Control?f_ri=71358"},{"id":2873761,"name":"heat pipe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/heat_pipe?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74976184" data-work_id="74976184" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74976184/Geotextile_tubes_analytical_design_aspects">Geotextile tubes—analytical design aspects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74976184" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6f4b3c069ab90b268cc23a406a6cedad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82932757,"asset_id":74976184,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82932757/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59002292" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SCantr%C3%A9">Stefan Cantré</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59002292" type="text/json">{"id":59002292,"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Cantré","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SCantré","display_name":"Stefan Cantré","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SCantr%C3%A9?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74976184 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74976184"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74976184, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74976184", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74976184]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74976184").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74976184").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74976184"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12147" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_method">Finite element method</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12147" type="text/json">{"id":12147,"name":"Finite element method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_method?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49273" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element_Analysis">Finite Element Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49273" type="text/json">{"id":49273,"name":"Finite Element Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element_Analysis?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74976184]'), work: {"id":74976184,"title":"Geotextile tubes—analytical design aspects","created_at":"2022-03-30T06:39:06.454-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74976184/Geotextile_tubes_analytical_design_aspects?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_74976184","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82932757,"asset_id":74976184,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59002292,"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Cantré","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SCantré","display_name":"Stefan Cantré","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SCantr%C3%A9?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":12147,"name":"Finite element method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_method?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":49273,"name":"Finite Element Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element_Analysis?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":473211,"name":"PIPE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PIPE?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73498962" data-work_id="73498962" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73498962/A_Design_Study_of_an_Animated_System_for_Representing_Financial_Ratios">A Design Study of an Animated System for Representing Financial Ratios</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Computer visualizations are all around us. In this paper we describe a design process in which we explore the development of a new visualization to aid managerial decision making. The ultimate goal of our design effort is to develop a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73498962" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Computer visualizations are all around us. In this paper we describe a design process in which we explore the development of a new visualization to aid managerial decision making. The ultimate goal of our design effort is to develop a visualization that allows for presenting most of the critical financial ratios used to describe a firm&#x27;s activity on a single computer display and dynamically. In doing so, we hope to enable managers to develop holistic and intuitive appreciations of such matters as how a business changes ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73498962" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33958670" href="https://case.academia.edu/RichardBoland">Richard Boland</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33958670" type="text/json">{"id":33958670,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Boland","domain_name":"case","page_name":"RichardBoland","display_name":"Richard Boland","profile_url":"https://case.academia.edu/RichardBoland?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73498962 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73498962"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73498962, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73498962", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73498962 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73498962; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73498962"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73498962 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73498962"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73498962; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73498962]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73498962").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73498962").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73498962"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1440" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visualization">Visualization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1440" type="text/json">{"id":1440,"name":"Visualization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visualization?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1575" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animation">Animation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1575" type="text/json">{"id":1575,"name":"Animation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animation?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making">Decision Making</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681" type="text/json">{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73498962]'), work: {"id":73498962,"title":"A Design Study of an Animated System for Representing Financial Ratios","created_at":"2022-03-10T15:22:20.041-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73498962/A_Design_Study_of_an_Animated_System_for_Representing_Financial_Ratios?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_73498962","summary":"Computer visualizations are all around us. In this paper we describe a design process in which we explore the development of a new visualization to aid managerial decision making. The ultimate goal of our design effort is to develop a visualization that allows for presenting most of the critical financial ratios used to describe a firm\u0026#x27;s activity on a single computer display and dynamically. In doing so, we hope to enable managers to develop holistic and intuitive appreciations of such matters as how a business changes ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33958670,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Boland","domain_name":"case","page_name":"RichardBoland","display_name":"Richard Boland","profile_url":"https://case.academia.edu/RichardBoland?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":1440,"name":"Visualization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visualization?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":1575,"name":"Animation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animation?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":17600,"name":"Accounting Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_Information_Systems?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":139176,"name":"Accounting Information System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_Information_System?f_ri=71358"},{"id":499664,"name":"Financial Ratios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Ratios?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68156301" data-work_id="68156301" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68156301/Automated_knowledge_capture_in_2D_and_3D_design_environments">Automated knowledge capture in 2D and 3D design environments</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Life Cycle Engineering, it is vital that the engineering knowledge for the product is captured throughout its life cycle in a formal and structured manner. This will allow the information to be referred to in the future by engineers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68156301" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Life Cycle Engineering, it is vital that the engineering knowledge for the product is captured throughout its life cycle in a formal and structured manner. This will allow the information to be referred to in the future by engineers who did not work on the original design but are wanting to understand the reasons that certain design decisions were made. In the past, attempts were made to try to capture this knowledge by having the engineer record the knowledge manually during a design session. However, this is not only time-consuming but is also disruptive to the creative process. Therefore, the research presented in this paper is concerned with capturing design knowledge automatically using a traditional 2D design environment and also an immersive 3D design environment. The design knowledge is captured by continuously and non-intrusively logging the user during a design session and then storing this output in a structured eXtensible Markup Language (XML) format. Next, the XML da...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68156301" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6b7f605bf28b8f406f776e0ee5c30125" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78732615,"asset_id":68156301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78732615/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="141963137" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CsabaSalamon">Csaba Salamon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="141963137" type="text/json">{"id":141963137,"first_name":"Csaba","last_name":"Salamon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CsabaSalamon","display_name":"Csaba Salamon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CsabaSalamon?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68156301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68156301"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68156301, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68156301", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_68156301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68156301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_68156301"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_68156301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68156301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68156301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68156301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68156301").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68156301").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68156301"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1241" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management">Knowledge Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1241" type="text/json">{"id":1241,"name":"Knowledge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design">Computer Aided Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6160" type="text/json">{"id":6160,"name":"Computer Aided Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design">Engineering Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7947" type="text/json">{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15533" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Capture">Knowledge Capture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15533" type="text/json">{"id":15533,"name":"Knowledge Capture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Capture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68156301]'), work: {"id":68156301,"title":"Automated knowledge capture in 2D and 3D design environments","created_at":"2022-01-14T11:36:50.985-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68156301/Automated_knowledge_capture_in_2D_and_3D_design_environments?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_68156301","summary":"In Life Cycle Engineering, it is vital that the engineering knowledge for the product is captured throughout its life cycle in a formal and structured manner. This will allow the information to be referred to in the future by engineers who did not work on the original design but are wanting to understand the reasons that certain design decisions were made. In the past, attempts were made to try to capture this knowledge by having the engineer record the knowledge manually during a design session. However, this is not only time-consuming but is also disruptive to the creative process. Therefore, the research presented in this paper is concerned with capturing design knowledge automatically using a traditional 2D design environment and also an immersive 3D design environment. The design knowledge is captured by continuously and non-intrusively logging the user during a design session and then storing this output in a structured eXtensible Markup Language (XML) format. Next, the XML da...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78732615,"asset_id":68156301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":141963137,"first_name":"Csaba","last_name":"Salamon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CsabaSalamon","display_name":"Csaba Salamon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CsabaSalamon?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1241,"name":"Knowledge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":6160,"name":"Computer Aided Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":15533,"name":"Knowledge Capture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Capture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=71358"},{"id":523869,"name":"Design knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_knowledge?f_ri=71358"},{"id":586946,"name":"Computer Aided Design (CAD)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design_CAD_?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1471386,"name":"Extensible Markup Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extensible_Markup_Language?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1749989,"name":"Life Cycle Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle_Engineering?f_ri=71358"},{"id":3561290,"name":"design environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/design_environment?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66026904" data-work_id="66026904" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66026904/Bringing_Participatory_Techniques_to_Industrial_Design_Engineers">Bringing Participatory Techniques to Industrial Design Engineers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There is a growing need for designers with research skills and designers that are able to design for the user experience, next to or instead of technical issues. Over the past five years we have developed so-called ‘contextmapping’... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66026904" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There is a growing need for designers with research skills and designers that are able to design for the user experience, next to or instead of technical issues. Over the past five years we have developed so-called ‘contextmapping’ techniques to inform and inspire design teams about the experiences of the prospective users of the products the team designs. In this paper we present the key elements of this teaching programme, and explain how we divided the elements over different courses in the Industrial Design Engineering curriculum in our university.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66026904" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e9fcecf931cad24b16b427ee7db53c37" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77377011,"asset_id":66026904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77377011/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1256406" href="https://tudelft.academia.edu/froukjesleeswijkvisser">froukje sleeswijk visser</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1256406" type="text/json">{"id":1256406,"first_name":"froukje","last_name":"sleeswijk visser","domain_name":"tudelft","page_name":"froukjesleeswijkvisser","display_name":"froukje sleeswijk visser","profile_url":"https://tudelft.academia.edu/froukjesleeswijkvisser?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66026904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66026904"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66026904, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66026904", }); 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It infiltrates scientific principles into the design process in order to improve design activities. The methodology utilizes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50470879" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Axiomatic Design (AD) is a science and design methodology that has evolved from the technology of design. It infiltrates scientific principles into the design process in order to improve design activities. The methodology utilizes customer needs as input and produces functional requirements, design parameters, and process variables through the use of matrix methods. 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Configuration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Configuration?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3409409]'), work: {"id":3409409,"title":"Design your home pack' co-designing tools to design homes and 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href="https://www.academia.edu/4283624/Designing_a_public_train_station_shelter_to_minimise_anti_social_behaviour_and_crime_in_Melbourne_s_metropolitan_rail_environment">Designing a public train station shelter to minimise anti-social behaviour and crime in Melbourne’s metropolitan rail environment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4283624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cccc545f0e99fd415f8d56c8c982a201" rel="nofollow" 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data-has-card-for-ri="101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages">Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101" type="text/json">{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="988" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design">Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="988" type="text/json">{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37753" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching">Teaching</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37753" type="text/json">{"id":37753,"name":"Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Use">Language Use</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="67383" type="text/json">{"id":67383,"name":"Language Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Use?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18680125]'), work: {"id":18680125,"title":"Experience report: growing programming languages for beginning students","created_at":"2015-11-19T23:51:21.690-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18680125/Experience_report_growing_programming_languages_for_beginning_students?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_18680125","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40196949,"asset_id":18680125,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38750896,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Sperber","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelSperber","display_name":"Michael Sperber","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelSperber?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38750896/10744236/11993314/s65_michael.sperber.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":37753,"name":"Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":67383,"name":"Language Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Use?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":131640,"name":"Student Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Learning?f_ri=71358"},{"id":472701,"name":"Introductory Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introductory_Programming?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1489478,"name":"Programming language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programming_language?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1772107,"name":"Functional Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Language?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18247392" data-work_id="18247392" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18247392/Tourism_and_protected_areas_motives_actors_and_processes">Tourism and protected areas: motives, actors and processes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SUMMARY Following the paradigm shift in nature conservation policy towards the inclusion of local inhabitants in the planning and management of protected areas, tourism is emphasised as a means to achieve economic development in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18247392" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMMARY Following the paradigm shift in nature conservation policy towards the inclusion of local inhabitants in the planning and management of protected areas, tourism is emphasised as a means to achieve economic development in peripheral areas. Governance issues and the real impacts from tourism on development are thus often under scrutiny. This article focuses on the role of tourism in</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18247392" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c4f993e4ac7c4704f052197a0240727d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48022597,"asset_id":18247392,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48022597/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38234418" href="https://karlstad.academia.edu/KlasSandell">Klas Sandell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38234418" type="text/json">{"id":38234418,"first_name":"Klas","last_name":"Sandell","domain_name":"karlstad","page_name":"KlasSandell","display_name":"Klas Sandell","profile_url":"https://karlstad.academia.edu/KlasSandell?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38234418/13959572/15008560/s65_klas.sandell.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18247392 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18247392"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18247392, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18247392", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18247392]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18247392").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18247392").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18247392"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7453" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Development">Rural Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7453" type="text/json">{"id":7453,"name":"Rural Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Development?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58054" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences">Environmental Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58054" type="text/json">{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18247392]'), work: {"id":18247392,"title":"Tourism and protected areas: motives, actors and processes","created_at":"2015-11-12T20:04:33.348-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18247392/Tourism_and_protected_areas_motives_actors_and_processes?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_18247392","summary":"SUMMARY Following the paradigm shift in nature conservation policy towards the inclusion of local inhabitants in the planning and management of protected areas, tourism is emphasised as a means to achieve economic development in peripheral areas. Governance issues and the real impacts from tourism on development are thus often under scrutiny. This article focuses on the role of tourism in","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48022597,"asset_id":18247392,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38234418,"first_name":"Klas","last_name":"Sandell","domain_name":"karlstad","page_name":"KlasSandell","display_name":"Klas Sandell","profile_url":"https://karlstad.academia.edu/KlasSandell?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38234418/13959572/15008560/s65_klas.sandell.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7453,"name":"Rural Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Development?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":104996,"name":"Paradigm Shift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paradigm_Shift?f_ri=71358"},{"id":109291,"name":"Land Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use?f_ri=71358"},{"id":133960,"name":"Nature Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nature_Conservation?f_ri=71358"},{"id":284869,"name":"National Park","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Park?f_ri=71358"},{"id":440807,"name":"Protected Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protected_Area?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7657181" data-work_id="7657181" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7657181/Embracing_Relational_Agency_in_Design_Process">Embracing Relational Agency in Design Process</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Our research investigates how the design process can accommodate a relational view of agency. According to the relational view, agency - or capacities of action - is neither an attribute of subjects nor of objects. The relational view of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7657181" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Our research investigates how the design process can accommodate a relational view of agency. According to the relational view, agency - or capacities of action - is neither an attribute of subjects nor of objects. The relational view of agency in design may allow designers to recognize and support the diversity and richness involved in human agency. To this end, we developed six design qualities to embrace the relational view of agency in design process. Using these qualities, we have created design inscriptions in the forms of materials and process constructs and applied them in a series of participatory design workshops, focusing on the notion of connectedness. We present how effective our inscriptions were in supporting the ASD qualities in each workshop.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7657181" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3999bfd179990993989b97c57fbfa687" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34195244,"asset_id":7657181,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34195244/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="599016" href="https://uts.academia.edu/ABakiKocaballi">A. Baki Kocaballi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="599016" type="text/json">{"id":599016,"first_name":"A. Baki","last_name":"Kocaballi","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"ABakiKocaballi","display_name":"A. Baki Kocaballi","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/ABakiKocaballi?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/0605be6e56b45c425e882c5965fb0756?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7657181 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7657181"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7657181, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7657181", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7657181 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7657181; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7657181"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7657181 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7657181"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7657181; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7657181]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7657181").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7657181").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7657181"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="988" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design">Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="988" type="text/json">{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2918" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Design">Participatory Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2918" type="text/json">{"id":2918,"name":"Participatory Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9092" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relational_Agency">Relational Agency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9092" type="text/json">{"id":9092,"name":"Relational Agency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relational_Agency?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actor-Network_Theory">Actor-Network Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56411" type="text/json">{"id":56411,"name":"Actor-Network Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actor-Network_Theory?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7657181]'), work: {"id":7657181,"title":"Embracing Relational Agency in Design Process","created_at":"2014-07-13T23:48:48.078-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7657181/Embracing_Relational_Agency_in_Design_Process?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_7657181","summary":"Our research investigates how the design process can accommodate a relational view of agency. According to the relational view, agency - or capacities of action - is neither an attribute of subjects nor of objects. The relational view of agency in design may allow designers to recognize and support the diversity and richness involved in human agency. To this end, we developed six design qualities to embrace the relational view of agency in design process. Using these qualities, we have created design inscriptions in the forms of materials and process constructs and applied them in a series of participatory design workshops, focusing on the notion of connectedness. We present how effective our inscriptions were in supporting the ASD qualities in each workshop.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34195244,"asset_id":7657181,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":599016,"first_name":"A. Baki","last_name":"Kocaballi","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"ABakiKocaballi","display_name":"A. 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14159932/Efficient_organizing_of_design_activities">Efficient organizing of design activities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14159932" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2283d0d9d13086570087400e22642c07" rel="nofollow" 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u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56854821/Design_as_exploration">Design as exploration</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56854821" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a41186d1691a954ef965b70f0089c596" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72035905,"asset_id":56854821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77944613" data-work_id="77944613" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77944613/Applying_Pedagogy_during_Game_Development_to_Enhance_Game_Based_Learning">Applying Pedagogy during Game Development to Enhance Game-Based Learning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Serious games are emerging as an important outgrowth of the video gaming in-dustry. Entertaining games, such as Flight Simulator and SimCity, are already in use in schools and universities across the country, and the number of serious... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77944613" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Serious games are emerging as an important outgrowth of the video gaming in-dustry. Entertaining games, such as Flight Simulator and SimCity, are already in use in schools and universities across the country, and the number of serious games designed specifically for training and ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77944613" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42188853" href="https://ucf.academia.edu/AHirumi">Atsusi Hirumi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42188853" type="text/json">{"id":42188853,"first_name":"Atsusi","last_name":"Hirumi","domain_name":"ucf","page_name":"AHirumi","display_name":"Atsusi Hirumi","profile_url":"https://ucf.academia.edu/AHirumi?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42188853/34547271/161310364/s65_atsusi.hirumi.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77944613 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77944613"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77944613, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77944613", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77944613]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77944613").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77944613").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77944613"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1000" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design">Instructional Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1000" type="text/json">{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4417" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Design">Game Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4417" type="text/json">{"id":4417,"name":"Game Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10641" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Based_Learning">Game Based Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10641" type="text/json">{"id":10641,"name":"Game Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Based_Learning?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77944613]'), work: {"id":77944613,"title":"Applying Pedagogy during Game Development to Enhance Game-Based Learning","created_at":"2022-04-29T03:33:16.308-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77944613/Applying_Pedagogy_during_Game_Development_to_Enhance_Game_Based_Learning?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_77944613","summary":"Serious games are emerging as an important outgrowth of the video gaming in-dustry. Entertaining games, such as Flight Simulator and SimCity, are already in use in schools and universities across the country, and the number of serious games designed specifically for training and ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42188853,"first_name":"Atsusi","last_name":"Hirumi","domain_name":"ucf","page_name":"AHirumi","display_name":"Atsusi Hirumi","profile_url":"https://ucf.academia.edu/AHirumi?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42188853/34547271/161310364/s65_atsusi.hirumi.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":4417,"name":"Game Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":10641,"name":"Game Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Based_Learning?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":11306,"name":"Video Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Game?f_ri=71358"},{"id":51780,"name":"Game Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Development?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":150410,"name":"Teaching practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_practice?f_ri=71358"},{"id":162893,"name":"Training and Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Training_and_Education?f_ri=71358"},{"id":211739,"name":"Serious Game","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serious_Game?f_ri=71358"},{"id":3949909,"name":"INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM DESIGN","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/INSTRUCTIONAL_SYSTEM_DESIGN?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_459126" data-work_id="459126" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/459126/Supporting_Requirements_With_Video_Based_Analysis">Supporting Requirements With Video-Based Analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/459126" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42e9841f54dd9c5be4e4373883d79ca7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51401464,"asset_id":459126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51401464/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="114071" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/MarinaJirotka">Marina Jirotka</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="114071" type="text/json">{"id":114071,"first_name":"Marina","last_name":"Jirotka","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"MarinaJirotka","display_name":"Marina Jirotka","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/MarinaJirotka?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114071/30731/28255/s65_marina.jirotka.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_459126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="459126"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 459126, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_459126", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_459126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 459126; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_459126"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_459126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="459126"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 459126; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=459126]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_459126").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_459126").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="459126"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2879" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ubiquitous_Computing">Ubiquitous Computing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2879" type="text/json">{"id":2879,"name":"Ubiquitous Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ubiquitous_Computing?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video">Video</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4047" type="text/json">{"id":4047,"name":"Video","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37278" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_development">Technology development</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="37278" type="text/json">{"id":37278,"name":"Technology development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_development?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=459126]'), work: {"id":459126,"title":"Supporting Requirements With Video-Based Analysis","created_at":"2011-02-28T20:40:13.488-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/459126/Supporting_Requirements_With_Video_Based_Analysis?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_459126","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51401464,"asset_id":459126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":114071,"first_name":"Marina","last_name":"Jirotka","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"MarinaJirotka","display_name":"Marina Jirotka","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/MarinaJirotka?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114071/30731/28255/s65_marina.jirotka.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":2879,"name":"Ubiquitous Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ubiquitous_Computing?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":4047,"name":"Video","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":37278,"name":"Technology development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_development?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":64561,"name":"Computer Software","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Software?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":167271,"name":"Requirements elicitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Requirements_elicitation?f_ri=71358"},{"id":428167,"name":"Media Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Space?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1845499,"name":"Ethnographies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnographies?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69932231" data-work_id="69932231" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69932231/Understanding_the_Context_of_Product_Development">Understanding the Context of Product Development</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Adaptation of design methodologies to the context in which they should be actually applied is seen as a necessity in order to enhance its acceptance and to widen its application. Even though, a context dependent adaptation is seen as a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69932231" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Adaptation of design methodologies to the context in which they should be actually applied is seen as a necessity in order to enhance its acceptance and to widen its application. Even though, a context dependent adaptation is seen as a suitable means to make a substantial improvement of current design methodologies, only few contributions were made over the last years, and it often remains somewhat fuzzy what context actually means. This paper is intended to consolidate the different meanings of context, ways to represent and specify the context and ways to structure the different views on the context. A scheme for categorising influencing factors is presented. The scheme consolidates factors from literature which have been identified as having an influence on design projects. It is seen as a means to support understanding of a design approach and its context. Therefore, the scheme is a consolidation of existing work, which allows a more comprehensive description and analysis of the...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69932231" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="009dc1db15bb293e2dd1906ca51e58e9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79841407,"asset_id":69932231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79841407/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8355928" href="https://uni-rostock.academia.edu/KilianGericke">Kilian Gericke</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8355928" type="text/json">{"id":8355928,"first_name":"Kilian","last_name":"Gericke","domain_name":"uni-rostock","page_name":"KilianGericke","display_name":"Kilian Gericke","profile_url":"https://uni-rostock.academia.edu/KilianGericke?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8355928/18326184/35288409/s65_kilian.gericke.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69932231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69932231"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69932231, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69932231", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69932231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69932231; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69932231"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69932231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69932231"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69932231; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69932231]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69932231").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69932231").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69932231"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2277" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management">Project Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2277" type="text/json">{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3384" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Management">Design Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3384" type="text/json">{"id":3384,"name":"Design Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159687" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Methodology">Design Methodology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="159687" type="text/json">{"id":159687,"name":"Design Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Methodology?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69932231]'), work: {"id":69932231,"title":"Understanding the Context of Product Development","created_at":"2022-01-29T08:47:56.205-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69932231/Understanding_the_Context_of_Product_Development?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_69932231","summary":"Adaptation of design methodologies to the context in which they should be actually applied is seen as a necessity in order to enhance its acceptance and to widen its application. Even though, a context dependent adaptation is seen as a suitable means to make a substantial improvement of current design methodologies, only few contributions were made over the last years, and it often remains somewhat fuzzy what context actually means. This paper is intended to consolidate the different meanings of context, ways to represent and specify the context and ways to structure the different views on the context. A scheme for categorising influencing factors is presented. The scheme consolidates factors from literature which have been identified as having an influence on design projects. It is seen as a means to support understanding of a design approach and its context. Therefore, the scheme is a consolidation of existing work, which allows a more comprehensive description and analysis of the...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79841407,"asset_id":69932231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8355928,"first_name":"Kilian","last_name":"Gericke","domain_name":"uni-rostock","page_name":"KilianGericke","display_name":"Kilian Gericke","profile_url":"https://uni-rostock.academia.edu/KilianGericke?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8355928/18326184/35288409/s65_kilian.gericke.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":3384,"name":"Design Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":159687,"name":"Design Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Methodology?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69901354" data-work_id="69901354" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69901354/Automated_Knowledge_Capture_in_2D_and_3D_Design_Environments">Automated Knowledge Capture in 2D and 3D Design Environments</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Life Cycle Engineering, it is vital that the engineering knowledge for the product is captured throughout its life cycle in a formal and structured manner. This will allow the information to be referred to in the future by engineers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69901354" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Life Cycle Engineering, it is vital that the engineering knowledge for the product is captured throughout its life cycle in a formal and structured manner. This will allow the information to be referred to in the future by engineers who did not work on the original design but are wanting to understand the reasons that certain design decisions were made. In the past, attempts were made to try to capture this knowledge by having the engineer record the knowledge manually during a design session. However, this is not only time-consuming but is also disruptive to the creative process. Therefore, the research presented in this paper is concerned with capturing design knowledge automatically using a traditional 2D design environment and also an immersive 3D design environment. The design knowledge is captured by continuously and non-intrusively logging the user during a design session and then storing this output in a structured eXtensible Markup Language (XML) format. Next, the XML da...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69901354" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="14039896590a127b9fc45e6303c06325" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79820661,"asset_id":69901354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79820661/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="145708146" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeatherJRea">Heather J Rea</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="145708146" type="text/json">{"id":145708146,"first_name":"Heather J","last_name":"Rea","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeatherJRea","display_name":"Heather J Rea","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeatherJRea?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69901354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69901354"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69901354, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69901354", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69901354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69901354; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69901354"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69901354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69901354"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69901354; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69901354]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69901354").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69901354").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69901354"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1241" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management">Knowledge Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1241" type="text/json">{"id":1241,"name":"Knowledge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design">Computer Aided Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6160" type="text/json">{"id":6160,"name":"Computer Aided Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design">Engineering Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7947" type="text/json">{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15533" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Capture">Knowledge Capture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15533" type="text/json">{"id":15533,"name":"Knowledge Capture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Capture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69901354]'), work: {"id":69901354,"title":"Automated Knowledge Capture in 2D and 3D Design Environments","created_at":"2022-01-29T04:23:24.718-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69901354/Automated_Knowledge_Capture_in_2D_and_3D_Design_Environments?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_69901354","summary":"In Life Cycle Engineering, it is vital that the engineering knowledge for the product is captured throughout its life cycle in a formal and structured manner. This will allow the information to be referred to in the future by engineers who did not work on the original design but are wanting to understand the reasons that certain design decisions were made. In the past, attempts were made to try to capture this knowledge by having the engineer record the knowledge manually during a design session. However, this is not only time-consuming but is also disruptive to the creative process. Therefore, the research presented in this paper is concerned with capturing design knowledge automatically using a traditional 2D design environment and also an immersive 3D design environment. The design knowledge is captured by continuously and non-intrusively logging the user during a design session and then storing this output in a structured eXtensible Markup Language (XML) format. Next, the XML da...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79820661,"asset_id":69901354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":145708146,"first_name":"Heather J","last_name":"Rea","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeatherJRea","display_name":"Heather J Rea","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeatherJRea?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1241,"name":"Knowledge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":6160,"name":"Computer Aided Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":15533,"name":"Knowledge Capture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge_Capture?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=71358"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=71358"},{"id":523869,"name":"Design knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_knowledge?f_ri=71358"},{"id":586946,"name":"Computer Aided Design (CAD)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design_CAD_?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1471386,"name":"Extensible Markup Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extensible_Markup_Language?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1749989,"name":"Life Cycle Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle_Engineering?f_ri=71358"},{"id":3561290,"name":"design environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/design_environment?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61741133" data-work_id="61741133" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61741133/Model_Integration_and_Cyber_Physical_Systems_A_Semantics_Perspective">Model Integration and Cyber Physical Systems: A Semantics Perspective</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61741133" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c81fcd30ba7685592f69b6b370f8bd25" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74701985,"asset_id":61741133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74701985/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33384919" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JanosSztipanovits">Janos Sztipanovits</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33384919" type="text/json">{"id":33384919,"first_name":"Janos","last_name":"Sztipanovits","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JanosSztipanovits","display_name":"Janos Sztipanovits","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JanosSztipanovits?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61741133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61741133"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61741133, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61741133", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61741133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61741133; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61741133"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61741133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61741133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61741133; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61741133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61741133").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61741133").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61741133"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5281" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Theory">Design Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5281" type="text/json">{"id":5281,"name":"Design Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Theory?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7569" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Management">Health Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7569" type="text/json">{"id":7569,"name":"Health Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Network">Computer Network</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62540" type="text/json">{"id":62540,"name":"Computer Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Network?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65430" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Physical_Systems">Cyber Physical Systems</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="65430" type="text/json">{"id":65430,"name":"Cyber Physical Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Physical_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61741133]'), work: {"id":61741133,"title":"Model Integration and Cyber Physical Systems: A Semantics Perspective","created_at":"2021-11-15T20:50:50.176-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61741133/Model_Integration_and_Cyber_Physical_Systems_A_Semantics_Perspective?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_61741133","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74701985,"asset_id":61741133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33384919,"first_name":"Janos","last_name":"Sztipanovits","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JanosSztipanovits","display_name":"Janos Sztipanovits","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JanosSztipanovits?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5281,"name":"Design Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Theory?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":7569,"name":"Health Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Management?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":62540,"name":"Computer Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Network?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":65430,"name":"Cyber Physical Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Physical_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":170878,"name":"Meta-model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meta-model?f_ri=71358"},{"id":318879,"name":"Domain specific modeling language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domain_specific_modeling_language?f_ri=71358"},{"id":2487277,"name":"Model integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model_integration?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53626617" data-work_id="53626617" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53626617/A_critical_review_of_Oscar_Niemeyers_Design_Process">A critical review of Oscar Niemeyer's Design Process</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The new technologies of today&#39;s world, applied in the perceptive and creative processes, bring the need to rediscover the role of representations in both, academic and professional, areas of architecture. Therefore, this article seeks... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53626617" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The new technologies of today&#39;s world, applied in the perceptive and creative processes, bring the need to rediscover the role of representations in both, academic and professional, areas of architecture. Therefore, this article seeks to understand and demystify Oscar Niemeyer’s (1907-2012) design process, one of the most renowned Latin American architects in the world and known for his peculiar design process - distinguished by consisting only of sketches and texts, but, as this research reveals, also by physical models - and his broad professional activity, which accompanied the variations occurred in architectural production in Brazil and in the world, between the years 1940 and 2010</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53626617" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7390da38b2cf14997a0ce0a273175332" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70383872,"asset_id":53626617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70383872/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2578226" href="https://usp-br1.academia.edu/ArturRozestraten">Artur S Rozestraten</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2578226" type="text/json">{"id":2578226,"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Rozestraten","domain_name":"usp-br1","page_name":"ArturRozestraten","display_name":"Artur S Rozestraten","profile_url":"https://usp-br1.academia.edu/ArturRozestraten?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2578226/808231/6957699/s65_artur.rozestraten.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_53626617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="53626617"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53626617, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_53626617", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_53626617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53626617; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_53626617"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_53626617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53626617"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53626617; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53626617]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_53626617").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_53626617").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53626617"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sketches">Sketches</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6388" type="text/json">{"id":6388,"name":"Sketches","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sketches?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representations">Representations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9486" type="text/json">{"id":9486,"name":"Representations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representations?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12974" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drawing">Drawing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12974" type="text/json">{"id":12974,"name":"Drawing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drawing?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65140" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models">Models</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="65140" type="text/json">{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53626617]'), work: {"id":53626617,"title":"A critical review of Oscar Niemeyer's Design Process","created_at":"2021-09-28T00:03:09.080-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53626617/A_critical_review_of_Oscar_Niemeyers_Design_Process?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_53626617","summary":"The new technologies of today\u0026#39;s world, applied in the perceptive and creative processes, bring the need to rediscover the role of representations in both, academic and professional, areas of architecture. Therefore, this article seeks to understand and demystify Oscar Niemeyer’s (1907-2012) design process, one of the most renowned Latin American architects in the world and known for his peculiar design process - distinguished by consisting only of sketches and texts, but, as this research reveals, also by physical models - and his broad professional activity, which accompanied the variations occurred in architectural production in Brazil and in the world, between the years 1940 and 2010","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70383872,"asset_id":53626617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2578226,"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Rozestraten","domain_name":"usp-br1","page_name":"ArturRozestraten","display_name":"Artur S Rozestraten","profile_url":"https://usp-br1.academia.edu/ArturRozestraten?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2578226/808231/6957699/s65_artur.rozestraten.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6388,"name":"Sketches","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sketches?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":9486,"name":"Representations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representations?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":12974,"name":"Drawing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drawing?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358"},{"id":173712,"name":"Dibujo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dibujo?f_ri=71358"},{"id":376922,"name":"Croquis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Croquis?f_ri=71358"},{"id":999786,"name":"Maquetas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maquetas?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1132677,"name":"Representaciones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representaciones?f_ri=71358"},{"id":4042817,"name":"Proceso Proyectual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceso_Proyectual?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51537228" data-work_id="51537228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51537228/Genetic_model_for_conceptual_design_of_mechanical_products_based_on_functional_surface">Genetic model for conceptual design of mechanical products based on functional surface</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Computer-aided conceptual design (CACD) aims to increase efficiency and quality of design work but with little essential progress due to the gap between abstract concept and detailed structure. In order to tackle the problem concerned... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51537228" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Computer-aided conceptual design (CACD) aims to increase efficiency and quality of design work but with little essential progress due to the gap between abstract concept and detailed structure. In order to tackle the problem concerned with conceptual design process and automation, this paper introduces the concept of functional surface as the information carrier to link together product function and structure</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51537228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b03186e15d648a481bcfbf5613e8bad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69220553,"asset_id":51537228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69220553/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="186795412" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%E9%BB%83%E5%86%A0%E5%86%A0">冠冠黃</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="186795412" type="text/json">{"id":186795412,"first_name":"冠冠","last_name":"黃","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"黃冠冠","display_name":"冠冠黃","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%E9%BB%83%E5%86%A0%E5%86%A0?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/186795412/61001634/49271841/s65__._.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51537228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51537228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51537228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51537228", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_51537228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51537228; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_51537228"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_51537228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51537228"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51537228; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51537228]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51537228").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51537228").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51537228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71358" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process">Design process</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71358" type="text/json">{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51537228]'), work: {"id":51537228,"title":"Genetic model for conceptual design of mechanical products based on functional surface","created_at":"2021-09-08T18:11:26.705-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51537228/Genetic_model_for_conceptual_design_of_mechanical_products_based_on_functional_surface?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_51537228","summary":"Computer-aided conceptual design (CACD) aims to increase efficiency and quality of design work but with little essential progress due to the gap between abstract concept and detailed structure. In order to tackle the problem concerned with conceptual design process and automation, this paper introduces the concept of functional surface as the information carrier to link together product function and structure","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69220553,"asset_id":51537228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":186795412,"first_name":"冠冠","last_name":"黃","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"黃冠冠","display_name":"冠冠黃","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%E9%BB%83%E5%86%A0%E5%86%A0?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/186795412/61001634/49271841/s65__._.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":84628,"name":"Conceptual Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conceptual_Design?f_ri=71358"},{"id":188242,"name":"Organic production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_production?f_ri=71358"},{"id":206904,"name":"Advanced manufacturing technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advanced_manufacturing_technology?f_ri=71358"},{"id":576165,"name":"Production Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production_Function?f_ri=71358"},{"id":959544,"name":"Process Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Model?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51344214 coauthored" data-work_id="51344214" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51344214/CAN_COMPARATIVE_JUDGEMENT_IMPROVE_PRODUCT_DEVELOPMENT_AND_PRODUCT_SERVICE_SYSTEM_DESIGN_FOR_STUDENTS">CAN COMPARATIVE JUDGEMENT IMPROVE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEM DESIGN FOR STUDENTS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One issue within current product development literature entails, both with students and with professionals, the reliable scaling, and the objective assessment of products. This article will attempt to describe a way how master's students... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51344214" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One issue within current product development literature entails, both with students and with professionals, the reliable scaling, and the objective assessment of products. This article will attempt to describe a way how master's students at the University of Antwerp, within a product development case, can both assess each other, assess the process of product development, and assess the final product using comparative judgement (CJ). This, while achieving learning goals described at master level. Our evaluation was anchored by use of Comproved, a validated instrument designed to comparatively evaluate products of students, during the design process (formative) and when uploading the final deliverables (summative) for the course. The current study evaluates how first year Master students (n=72) apply CJ using an online tool, Comproved (Comproved.com) during a semester-long group project on Product-Service System (PSS) design. Based on post hoc questionnaire details and interviews, we will list the advantages and the disadvantages of CJ, as stated by students. Finally, we will list the potentials of CJ during product development cycles and their impact on product quality, reliability of judgement and metacognitive strategies for learning.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51344214" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5254d18139936bda0fa48562900f4347" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69105771,"asset_id":51344214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69105771/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMTk5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11987175" href="https://uantwerpen.academia.edu/IvoDewit">Ivo Dewit</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11987175" type="text/json">{"id":11987175,"first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Dewit","domain_name":"uantwerpen","page_name":"IvoDewit","display_name":"Ivo Dewit","profile_url":"https://uantwerpen.academia.edu/IvoDewit?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11987175/10031161/20482633/s65_ivo.dewit.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-51344214">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-51344214"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://antwerp.academia.edu/MaartenGoossens">Maarten Goossens</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-51344214'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-51344214').html(); 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This article will attempt to describe a way how master's students at the University of Antwerp, within a product development case, can both assess each other, assess the process of product development, and assess the final product using comparative judgement (CJ). This, while achieving learning goals described at master level. Our evaluation was anchored by use of Comproved, a validated instrument designed to comparatively evaluate products of students, during the design process (formative) and when uploading the final deliverables (summative) for the course. The current study evaluates how first year Master students (n=72) apply CJ using an online tool, Comproved (Comproved.com) during a semester-long group project on Product-Service System (PSS) design. Based on post hoc questionnaire details and interviews, we will list the advantages and the disadvantages of CJ, as stated by students. Finally, we will list the potentials of CJ during product development cycles and their impact on product quality, reliability of judgement and metacognitive strategies for learning.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69105771,"asset_id":51344214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11987175,"first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Dewit","domain_name":"uantwerpen","page_name":"IvoDewit","display_name":"Ivo Dewit","profile_url":"https://uantwerpen.academia.edu/IvoDewit?f_ri=71358","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11987175/10031161/20482633/s65_ivo.dewit.jpg"},{"id":5762328,"first_name":"Maarten","last_name":"Goossens","domain_name":"antwerp","page_name":"MaartenGoossens","display_name":"Maarten Goossens","profile_url":"https://antwerp.academia.edu/MaartenGoossens?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9120,"name":"Product Service System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Product_Service_System?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":27771,"name":"Educational Design Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Design_Research?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":112601,"name":"Product-Service Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Product-Service_Systems?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":151815,"name":"Assesment and evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assesment_and_evaluation?f_ri=71358"},{"id":401059,"name":"Metacognition and self-regulated learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metacognition_and_self-regulated_learning?f_ri=71358"},{"id":1337266,"name":"Comparative Adaptive Judgement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Adaptive_Judgement?f_ri=71358"}]}, }) } 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type="text/json">{"id":27360,"name":"Databases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Databases?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28532" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Reliability">Software Reliability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28532" type="text/json">{"id":28532,"name":"Software Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Reliability?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57934" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Measurement">Software Measurement</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57934" type="text/json">{"id":57934,"name":"Software Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Measurement?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=984659]'), work: {"id":984659,"title":"Incorporating Metrics in an Organizational Test Strategy","created_at":"2011-10-06T16:45:45.278-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/984659/Incorporating_Metrics_in_an_Organizational_Test_Strategy?f_ri=71358","dom_id":"work_984659","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6027049,"asset_id":984659,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":273104,"first_name":"Wasif","last_name":"Afzal","domain_name":"bth","page_name":"WasifAfzal","display_name":"Wasif Afzal","profile_url":"https://bth.academia.edu/WasifAfzal?f_ri=71358","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4761,"name":"Software Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Testing?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":27360,"name":"Databases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Databases?f_ri=71358","nofollow":false},{"id":28532,"name":"Software 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