Transitional Justice - TRIAL International

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class='active-language'><span>en</span></li><li><a href='https://trialinternational.org/fr/topics-post/justice-transitionnelle/'>fr</a></li></ul></ul> <a class="header-search hidden-md-down" href=""> <i class="fa fa-search search-icon"></i> </a> </div> <a class="mobile-menu-icon animated hidden-lg-up" href=""><i class="fa fa-bars fa-3x"></i></a> <a class="mobile-menu-close animated hidden-lg-up hidden" href=""><i class="fa fa-times-circle fa-3x"></i></a> </div> </div> </header> <main id="internal" class="single-topics"> <div id="top-section" class="top-section" style='background-image: url(https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/reuters_transitionaljustice_rts87kr-1800x530.jpg);'> <div class="container"> <h1><span class="fancy text-uppercase white">Transitional Justice</span></h1> </div> </div> <div class="bottom-section container"> <div class="row topic-row"> <div id="sidebar" class="sidebar col-xl-2" data-width="300" data-small-width="50"> <div id="sidebar-wrapper" class="wrapper"> <a class="sidebar-trigger hidden-xl-up animated" href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fa fa-angle-right fa-3x"></i></a> <a class="sidebar-close-trigger hidden-xl-up hidden animated" href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fa fa-angle-left fa-3x"></i></a> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="inner-wrapper"> <ul> <li><a href="#section-1" class="sidebar-anchor text-uppercase">What is transitional justice?</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main-content" class="main-content col-xl-10"> <div class="container container-breadcrumbs container-1200"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><ul id="breadcrumbs" class="breadcrumbs"><li class="item-home"><a class="bread-link bread-home" href="https://trialinternational.org" title="Home">Home</a></li><li class="separator separator-home"> &rsaquo; </li><li class="item-cat item-custom-post-type-topics"><a class="bread-cat bread-custom-post-type-topics" href="https://trialinternational.org/what-we-do/" title="What We Do">What We Do</a></li><li class="separator"> &rsaquo; </li><li class="item-current item-940"><strong class="bread-current bread-940" title="Transitional Justice">Transitional Justice</strong></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="section-content" id="section-1"> <h2 class="text-uppercase orange">What is transitional justice?</h2> <div> <p>Gross human rights violations are unfortunately common in armed conflicts and under repressive regimes, both stemming from and reinforcing a climate of impunity. In the aftermath of the turmoil, addressing those atrocities is an integral part of rebuilding society.</p> <p>Transitional justice refers to the array of existing tools, judicial or not, to perform this task. While focusing on the past, transitional justice also serves a forward-looking purpose as it sooths wounds, fosters social dialogue, and reinforces the rule of law. Ideally, it also addresses the underlying roots of the conflict, such as inequalities and discrimination, to prevent the resurgence of violence and to build long-lasting peace.</p> <p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="img-fluid alignnone wp-image-5071 size-full" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/thomas-martin_burundi_hd_4-1.jpg" alt="thomas martin_burundi_hd_4" width="1800" height="1200" srcset="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/thomas-martin_burundi_hd_4-1.jpg 1800w, https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/thomas-martin_burundi_hd_4-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/thomas-martin_burundi_hd_4-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/thomas-martin_burundi_hd_4-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px" /></p> <p>The United Nations identify four pillars of transitional justice:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Truth:</strong> establishing and acknowledging the truth on the violations committed is the first step towards social dialogue and even reconciliation. All parties to the conflict, and most importantly victims and their families, have the right to make their voice heard and their questions answered. Society at large has the right to know the truth about past events and the perpetration of heinous crimes. This is pivotal to address – and possibly punish – past abuses, but it also represents a solid bulwark against the recurrence of similar violations in the future.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>Justice:</strong> the identification and prosecution of perpetrators of gross human rights violations and international crimes is crucial, as it serves both a preventive and reparative purpose. Strong accountability mechanisms show that atrocities do not go unpunished, thereby deterring future abuses.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>Reparation:</strong> victims of gross human rights violations have the right to receive adequate <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/RemedyAndReparation.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">reparation</a> for the harm suffered. Measures of reparation go well beyond economic compensation, and may also include symbolic gestures, such as public apologies and the building of memorials, and measures aiming at improving the life of victims and their families, like scholarships or access to health services.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>Guarantees of non-recurrence:</strong> learning from past mistakes, all efforts must be made to prevent gross human rights violations in the future. This includes mainly institutional reforms reinforcing accountability, transparency and fairness.</li> </ul> <p>Transitional justice mobilizes numerous actors: international, regional and national institutions as well as civil society organizations. On the long run, their work is crucial to re-establish the rule of law and public trust towards the State.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div>  </div> <div class="latest-carousel-section"> <h2 class="text-xs-center text-uppercase"> <span class="title-wrap orange">Related Content</span> </h2> <div id="latest-carousel" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <div class="container container-1200"> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/call-for-proposals-global-initiative-against-impunity-for-international-crimes-and-serious-human-rights-violations-making-justice-work/">Call for Proposals: “Global Initiative Against Impunity for International Crimes and Se...</a></h3> <small>18.07.2024 </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> Global </div> <div class="summary"> Call for Proposals: “Global Initiative Against Impunity for International Crimes and Serious Human Rights Violations:... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/call-for-proposals-global-initiative-against-impunity-for-international-crimes-and-serious-human-rights-violations-making-justice-work/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/making-justice-work-civil-society-unites-in-the-global-fight-against-impunity/">Making justice work: Civil society unites in the global fight against impunity</a></h3> <small>04.06.2024 - (Last modified: 18.06.2024) </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> Global </div> <div class="summary"> Impunity is the most significant obstacle to justice and reparation for victims and survivors of human rights violations... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/making-justice-work-civil-society-unites-in-the-global-fight-against-impunity/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/human-rights-and-justice-centre-facilitating-justice-for-victims-and-survivors-of-nepals-civil-war/">Human Rights and Justice Centre: Facilitating justice for victims and survivors of Nepa...</a></h3> <small>13.02.2024 </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/nepal/">Nepal</a> </div> <div class="summary"> The 13th February marks the 28th anniversary of the beginning of the civil war in Nepal which lasted 10 years. However... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/human-rights-and-justice-centre-facilitating-justice-for-victims-and-survivors-of-nepals-civil-war/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/drc-2500-new-magistrates-trained-in-the-investigation-and-prosecution-of-international-crimes/">DRC: 2,500 new magistrates trained in the investigation and prosecution of internationa...</a></h3> <small>18.10.2023 </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> </div> <div class="summary"> During September and October 2023, TRIAL International trained hundreds of newly recruited magistrates in the investigat... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/drc-2500-new-magistrates-trained-in-the-investigation-and-prosecution-of-international-crimes/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <div class="container container-1200"> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/drc-kasai-central-court-convicts-militiaman-of-crimes-against-humanity/">DRC: Kasai-Central Court convicts militiaman of crimes against humanity</a></h3> <small>06.09.2023 </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> </div> <div class="summary"> On Friday August 25, 2023, the Court of Appeal of Kasai-Central convicted a militiaman of crimes against humanity for th... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/drc-kasai-central-court-convicts-militiaman-of-crimes-against-humanity/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/drc-elimination-of-court-fees-a-major-step-forward-for-victims-of-serious-crimes/">DRC: Elimination of court fees – A major step forward for victims of serious crimes</a></h3> <small>24.08.2023 - (Last modified: 16.10.2024) </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> </div> <div class="summary"> In a ruling handed down on April 12, 2023, a Congolese court has, for the first time, exempted victims from the payment... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/drc-elimination-of-court-fees-a-major-step-forward-for-victims-of-serious-crimes/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambia-the-trrc-recommendations-should-be-followed-by-accountability/">The Gambia: The TRRC recommendations should be followed by accountability</a></h3> <small>12.05.2022 </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/gambia/">The Gambia</a> </div> <div class="summary"> As the Gambian government is working on finalising in the coming weeks the white paper that will provide the roadmap for... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambia-the-trrc-recommendations-should-be-followed-by-accountability/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news-releases/">News releases</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambias-truth-reconciliation-and-reparations-commission-trrc-confirms-ousman-sonkos-role-in-atrocities-committed-during-jammehs-presidency/">The Gambia's Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission (TRRC) confirms Ousman So...</a></h3> <small>26.01.2022 - (Last modified: 01.12.2022) </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/gambia/">The Gambia</a> </div> <div class="summary"> Ousman Sonko, suspected of having committed crimes against humanity and imprisoned in Switzerland for the past f... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambias-truth-reconciliation-and-reparations-commission-trrc-confirms-ousman-sonkos-role-in-atrocities-committed-during-jammehs-presidency/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <div class="container container-1200"> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news-releases/">News releases</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambia-towards-legal-action-against-perpetrators-of-jammeh-era-crimes/">The Gambia : Towards legal action against perpetrators of Jammeh-era crimes</a></h3> <small>26.11.2021 - (Last modified: 29.11.2021) </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/gambia/">The Gambia</a> </div> <div class="summary"> Eleven organizations including TRIAL International welcome the submission on Thursday 25 November 2021 of the Gambia Tru... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambia-towards-legal-action-against-perpetrators-of-jammeh-era-crimes/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news-releases/">News releases</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/time-for-nepal-to-deliver-justice-to-conflict-victims/">Time for Nepal to deliver justice to conflict victims</a></h3> <small>23.11.2021 - (Last modified: 17.01.2022) </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/nepal/">Nepal</a> </div> <div class="summary"> The truth, justice and reparations promised to the victims of the atrocious armed conflict (1996-2006) have not begun to... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/time-for-nepal-to-deliver-justice-to-conflict-victims/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news/">News</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/transitional-justice-a-make-or-break-opportunity-for-nepal/">Transitional justice: a make or break opportunity for Nepal?</a></h3> <small>13.07.2021 </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/nepal/">Nepal</a> </div> <div class="summary"> Nepal’s transitional justice mechanisms are in continued tardiness to address the voice and needs of the victims. Could... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/transitional-justice-a-make-or-break-opportunity-for-nepal/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-3 slider-item"> <div class="text-uppercase text-xs-right"> <a class="tag" href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/news-releases/">News releases</a> </div> <div class="title"> <h3><a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambia-ex-president-tied-to-the-killing-of-59-migrants/">The Gambia: ex-president tied to the killing of 59 migrants</a></h3> <small>12.03.2021 - (Last modified: 15.07.2021) </small> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="country"> <img width="20" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/images/icons/globe.svg" alt="Globe" /> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/countries-post/gambia/">The Gambia</a> </div> <div class="summary"> The session of the Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission on the massacre of 59 migrants from eight West Afric... <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/the-gambia-ex-president-tied-to-the-killing-of-59-migrants/"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container arrows-container"> <a class="arrow-left" href="#latest-carousel" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <i class="slide-prev fa fa-chevron-left"></i> </a> <a class="arrow-right" href="#latest-carousel" role="button" data-slide="next"> <i class="slide-next fa fa-chevron-right"></i> </a> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="container container-1200 text-uppercase text-xs-center view-all"> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/latest/?topic=940&submitted=1">View All</a> </div> </div> </main><footer id="footer" class="footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-3 address orange"> <p>TRIAL International<br /> Rue de Lyon 95<br /> 1203 Geneva<br /> Switzerland </p> <p>t: +41 22 321 61 10<br /> e: info@trialinternational.org<br /> trialinternational.org</p> <p>IBAN: CH85 0900 0000 1716 2954 3</p> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-6 subscribe"> <div class="title orange">Stay up to date </div> <div class="text"> <p>Subscribe to our monthly newsletter on TRIAL International’s activities and the latest developments in international justice.</p> </div> <form class="footer-subscribe-form form-inline" method="get" action="/newsletter"> <input type="email" name="subscribe_email" placeholder="Enter your email" class="form-control"> <button type="submit" class="btn text-uppercase">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-3 stay-connected text-md-right"> <div class="title orange">Stay connected </div> <div class="social"> <a href="//twitter.com/Trial" target="_blank">Twitter <i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a> </div> <div class="social"> <a href="//linkedin.com/company/trial-international" target="_blank">Linkedin <i class="fa fa-linkedin"></i></a> </div> <div class="social"> <a href="//facebook.com/trial.org" target="_blank">Facebook <i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a> </div> <div class="social"> <a href="https://trialinternational.org/feed/" target="_blank">RSS Feed <i class="fa fa-rss"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="sea-bed" class="sea-bed container"> <span>©2024 trialinternational.org</span> | <span>All rights reserved</span> | <span><a href="https://trialinternational.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></span> | <span><a href="https://trialinternational.org/statutes/">Statutes</a></span> | <span class="acw"><a target="_blank" href="http://acw.uk.com">Designed and Produced by ACW</a></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/tether-1.3.1/js/tether.min.js?ver=20160422" id="tri-tether-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/bootstrapv4.0.0-alpha.2/js/bootstrap.min.js?ver=20160421" id="tri-bootstrap-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/js/tri-header.js?ver=20160421" id="tri-header-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/themes/tri/assets/js/tri.js?ver=1728284652" id="tri-js-js"></script>  <div id="cookie-notice" role="dialog" class="cookie-notice-hidden cookie-revoke-hidden cn-position-bottom" aria-label="Cookie Notice" style="background-color: rgba(50,50,58,1);"><div class="cookie-notice-container" style="color: #fff"><span id="cn-notice-text" class="cn-text-container">We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best browsing experience on our website. 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