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communication with these machines have been developed (Wu, 2010, p. 2). This paper discusses first, second, and third generations of programming languages. 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This paper discusses first, second, and third generations of programming languages. Several paradigms are defined and further compared with insight into their advantages and disadvantages.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":33959140,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/7361346/PROGRAMMING_LANGUAGE_PARADIGMS_and_THE_MAIN_PRINCIPLES_OF_OBJECT_ORIENTED_PROGRAMMING"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":33959140,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/7361346/PROGRAMMING_LANGUAGE_PARADIGMS_and_THE_MAIN_PRINCIPLES_OF_OBJECT_ORIENTED_PROGRAMMING"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="33959140" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/7361346/PROGRAMMING_LANGUAGE_PARADIGMS_and_THE_MAIN_PRINCIPLES_OF_OBJECT_ORIENTED_PROGRAMMING" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="67042088" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67042088/An_Insight_into_Programming_Paradigms_and_Their_Programming_Languages">An Insight into Programming Paradigms and Their Programming Languages</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29161684" href="https://independent.academia.edu/selvakumarsamuel">selvakumar samuel</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A Programming Paradigm is the silent intelligence in any software design. Although many Programming Paradigms have evolved, only a few programming paradigms are actively used by the software industry. In addition, many hundreds of programming languages have been developed, but only a few are established and beneficial. The main aim of this paper is to provide an in-depth view into this area in order to give an opportunity for the Academia, Researchers, and the Software Industry to understand this domain in a different way. Basically, in this paper, a lot of relevant literatures have been reviewed and some useful facts, such as mainstream programming paradigms, suitable programming languages for the current software development scenario, weaknesses in the current research works in this domain, etc., have been derived as conclusions. The deduced facts would be beneficial for the education sector to decide the programming paradigms and programming languages to teach at this juncture, a...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An Insight into Programming Paradigms and Their Programming Languages","attachmentId":78010514,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67042088/An_Insight_into_Programming_Paradigms_and_Their_Programming_Languages","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67042088/An_Insight_into_Programming_Paradigms_and_Their_Programming_Languages"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="113049098" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/113049098/The_object_oriented_paradigm">The object-oriented paradigm</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37715636" href="https://tno.academia.edu/PierreAmerica">Pierre America</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Computing science notes, 1994</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The object-oriented paradigm","attachmentId":110113534,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/113049098/The_object_oriented_paradigm","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/113049098/The_object_oriented_paradigm"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="89161502" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89161502/Concepts_and_paradigms_of_object_oriented_programming">Concepts and paradigms of object-oriented programming</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="95199212" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PreetKaur161">Preet Kaur</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">ACM SIGPLAN OOPS Messenger, 1990</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We address the following questions for object-oriented programming: What is it? What are its goals? What are its origins? What are its paradigms? What are its design alternatives? What are its models of concurrency? What are its formal computational models? What comes after object-oriented programming? Starting from software engineering goals, we examine the origins and paradigms of object-oriented programming, explore its language design alternatives, consider its models of concurrency, and review its mathematical models to make them accessible to nonmathematical readers. Finally, we briefly speculate on what may come after object-oriented programming and conclude that it is a robust component-based modeling paradigm that is both effective and fundamental. This paper expands on the OOPSLA 89 keynote talk.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Concepts and paradigms of object-oriented programming","attachmentId":93016156,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89161502/Concepts_and_paradigms_of_object_oriented_programming","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89161502/Concepts_and_paradigms_of_object_oriented_programming"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="49636940" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49636940/A_New_Modern_Object_Oriented_Programming_Languages">A New Modern Object-Oriented Programming Languages</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="64525554" href="https://technoscienceacademy.academia.edu/IJSRCSEIT">International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology IJSRCSEIT</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Industries evolve. Our thinking changes as well. Programming languages need evolvement too. “The thing is that ideas for new features with its ways of thinking will be flourished, and so perfectly designed those languages won’t be perfect anymore.” Where did logical programming go? “Notice that you can use this paradigm and just provide a set of constraints for a website and expect the website to develop automatically based on them.” It is possible to implement that. Likewise, new paradigms will sooner or later be born. It can’t be that we’ve explored everything. “Technologies are born likewise the old way of thinking, which represents by the previous programming languages might not be adequate. This project is an open-source modern object-oriented programming language that aims to bridge the gap between modern expressive programming paradigms like python and strictly typed rigid languages like Java and C#. Our goal is to provide the usefulness of an object-oriented programming language while holding the simplicity of an expressive programming language without having to sacrifice performance.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A New Modern Object-Oriented Programming Languages","attachmentId":67939026,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49636940/A_New_Modern_Object_Oriented_Programming_Languages","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49636940/A_New_Modern_Object_Oriented_Programming_Languages"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="2227064" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2227064/A_Brief_History_of_the_Object_Oriented_Approach">A Brief History of the Object-Oriented Approach</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2831467" href="https://westernu.academia.edu/LuizFernandoCapretz">Luiz Fernando Capretz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 2003</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Brief History of the Object-Oriented Approach","attachmentId":30280254,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2227064/A_Brief_History_of_the_Object_Oriented_Approach","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2227064/A_Brief_History_of_the_Object_Oriented_Approach"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="44795313" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44795313/A_Survey_of_Object_Oriented_Programming_Languages">A Survey of Object-Oriented Programming Languages</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="64525554" href="https://technoscienceacademy.academia.edu/IJSRCSEIT">International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology IJSRCSEIT</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Object oriented programming has become a very important programming CONCEPT of our times.The time it was brought into existence by Simula. It directly support the object notions of classes, inheritance, information hiding, and dynamic binding. There is a variety of implementations for each of these concepts, and there is no general agreement as to how a particular concept must be interpreted. This survey takes a detailed look at the concepts which are fundamental to object-orientation, namely inheritance and polymorphism. Different aspects of inheritance and polymorphism are implemented in various popular Object oriented program language. We conclude that there is still lot of work to be done to reach a common ground for these to achieve features of OOPs. This survey presents a comparison of Java, C++, C# , Eiffel, Smalltalk, Ruby and Python in terms of their inheritance and polymorphism implementations. The paper also presents a compilation of the observations made by several surveys [1].</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Survey of Object-Oriented Programming Languages","attachmentId":65291187,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44795313/A_Survey_of_Object_Oriented_Programming_Languages","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44795313/A_Survey_of_Object_Oriented_Programming_Languages"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="52092086" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52092086/Object_Oriented_Programming_and_Software_Development_Paradigm">Object-Oriented Programming and Software Development Paradigm</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="116522139" href="https://rhemauniversity.academia.edu/IfeanyiNwokoro">Dr. Ifeanyi S Nwokoro</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Object-Oriented Programming and Software Development Paradigm","attachmentId":69516078,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52092086/Object_Oriented_Programming_and_Software_Development_Paradigm","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52092086/Object_Oriented_Programming_and_Software_Development_Paradigm"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="16789194" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16789194/Object_oriented_programming_Themes_and_variations">Object-oriented programming: Themes and variations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36303533" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MStefik">M. Stefik</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36229078" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielBobrow">Daniel Bobrow</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">AI magazine, 1985</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">M any of the ideas behind object-oriented programming have roots going back to SIMULA (Dahl & Nygaard, 1966). The first substantial interactive, display-based im-plementation was the SMALLTALK language (Goldberg & Robson, 1983). The object-oriented style has of-ten been ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Object-oriented programming: Themes and variations","attachmentId":39184033,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16789194/Object_oriented_programming_Themes_and_variations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16789194/Object_oriented_programming_Themes_and_variations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="14857137" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14857137/Issues_in_the_Design_of_an_Object_Oriented_Programming_Language">Issues in the Design of an Object Oriented Programming Language</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33828482" href="https://concordia.academia.edu/PeterGrogono">Peter Grogono</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Software - Concepts and Tools / Structured Programming, 1991</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The object oriented paradigm, which advocates bottom-up program development, appears at first sight to run counter to the classical, top-down approach of structured programming. The deep requirement of structured programming, however, is that programming should be based on well-defined abstractions with clear meaning rather than on incidental characteris- tics of computing machinery. 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