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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">International organizations</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">73,308 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>International organizations</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/International_organizations">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126251290" data-work_id="126251290" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126251290/A_Closer_Look_at_Oil_Diamonds_and_Civil_War">A Closer Look at Oil, Diamonds, and Civil War</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">▪ Studies of natural resource wealth and civil war have been hampered by measurement error, endogeneity, lack of robustness, and uncertainty about causal mechanisms. This paper develops new measures and new tests to address these... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126251290" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">▪ Studies of natural resource wealth and civil war have been hampered by measurement error, endogeneity, lack of robustness, and uncertainty about causal mechanisms. This paper develops new measures and new tests to address these problems. It has four main findings. First, the likelihood of civil war in countries that produce oil, gas, and diamonds rose sharply from the early 1970s to the late 1990s; so did the number of rebel groups that sold contraband to raise money. Second, exogenous measures of oil, gas, and diamond wealth are robustly correlated with the onset of civil war. Still, these correlations are based on a small number of cases, and the substantive effects of resource wealth are sensitive to certain assumptions. Third, petroleum and diamond production lead to civil wars through at least three different mechanisms. Finally, the only resource variable robustly linked to conflict duration is a measure of “contraband,” which includes gemstones, timber, and narcotics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126251290" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d0fc77787d34f39ae6c3ec0f1254d14a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120156943,"asset_id":126251290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120156943/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15607189" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelRoss15">Michael Ross</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15607189" type="text/json">{"id":15607189,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Ross","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelRoss15","display_name":"Michael Ross","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelRoss15?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126251290 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126251290"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126251290, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126251290", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126251290]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126251290").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126251290").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="126251290"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5285" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum">Petroleum</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5285" type="text/json">{"id":5285,"name":"Petroleum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6225" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_War">Civil War</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6225" type="text/json">{"id":6225,"name":"Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_War?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=126251290]'), work: {"id":126251290,"title":"A Closer Look at Oil, Diamonds, and Civil War","created_at":"2024-12-11T12:21:52.127-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/126251290/A_Closer_Look_at_Oil_Diamonds_and_Civil_War?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_126251290","summary":"▪ Studies of natural resource wealth and civil war have been hampered by measurement error, endogeneity, lack of robustness, and uncertainty about causal mechanisms. This paper develops new measures and new tests to address these problems. It has four main findings. First, the likelihood of civil war in countries that produce oil, gas, and diamonds rose sharply from the early 1970s to the late 1990s; so did the number of rebel groups that sold contraband to raise money. Second, exogenous measures of oil, gas, and diamond wealth are robustly correlated with the onset of civil war. Still, these correlations are based on a small number of cases, and the substantive effects of resource wealth are sensitive to certain assumptions. Third, petroleum and diamond production lead to civil wars through at least three different mechanisms. Finally, the only resource variable robustly linked to conflict duration is a measure of “contraband,” which includes gemstones, timber, and narcotics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120156943,"asset_id":126251290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15607189,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Ross","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelRoss15","display_name":"Michael Ross","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelRoss15?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":5285,"name":"Petroleum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":6225,"name":"Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_War?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":20333,"name":"Spanish Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Civil_War?f_ri=3345"},{"id":555492,"name":"Natural Resource","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Resource?f_ri=3345"},{"id":732336,"name":"Endogeneity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endogeneity?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126235274" data-work_id="126235274" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126235274/Cadmium_levels_in_poultry_meat">Cadmium levels in poultry meat</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A survey of cadmium (Cd) levels in poultry meat from polluted area of Eastern Slovakia is presented. Samples of poultry tissue (72 samples of breast muscle, leg muscle, liver and heart) were analysed for the presence of Cd on atomic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126235274" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A survey of cadmium (Cd) levels in poultry meat from polluted area of Eastern Slovakia is presented. Samples of poultry tissue (72 samples of breast muscle, leg muscle, liver and heart) were analysed for the presence of Cd on atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Unicam Solar 939). Mean values of cadmium in breast and leg muscle, liver and heart were 0.019; 0.021; 0.061; 0.099 mg/kg, respectively. On the basis of presented results of cadmium analyses it follows that its levels in poultry meat are below the highest permissible hygienic limits for Cd (muscle 0.1mg/kg; internal organs 0.5 mg/kg - Codex Alimentarum of the Slovak Republic No. 981/1996). The presented results are higher than those in unpolluted areas. The regular monitoring and control of poultry meat guarantee that a consumer is protected against unfavourable higher values of cadmium.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126235274" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="06bbaed63812dce226004f6a1b91fb7a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120143246,"asset_id":126235274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120143246/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35348656" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Be%C3%A1taKor%C3%A9nekov%C3%A1">Beáta Koréneková</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35348656" type="text/json">{"id":35348656,"first_name":"Beáta","last_name":"Koréneková","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BeátaKoréneková","display_name":"Beáta Koréneková","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Be%C3%A1taKor%C3%A9nekov%C3%A1?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126235274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126235274"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126235274, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126235274", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126235274]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126235274").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126235274").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="126235274"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29851" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poultry_Meat">Poultry Meat</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29851" type="text/json">{"id":29851,"name":"Poultry Meat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poultry_Meat?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57697" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals">Heavy metals</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57697" type="text/json">{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=126235274]'), work: {"id":126235274,"title":"Cadmium levels in poultry meat","created_at":"2024-12-11T00:20:09.236-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/126235274/Cadmium_levels_in_poultry_meat?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_126235274","summary":"A survey of cadmium (Cd) levels in poultry meat from polluted area of Eastern Slovakia is presented. Samples of poultry tissue (72 samples of breast muscle, leg muscle, liver and heart) were analysed for the presence of Cd on atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Unicam Solar 939). Mean values of cadmium in breast and leg muscle, liver and heart were 0.019; 0.021; 0.061; 0.099 mg/kg, respectively. On the basis of presented results of cadmium analyses it follows that its levels in poultry meat are below the highest permissible hygienic limits for Cd (muscle 0.1mg/kg; internal organs 0.5 mg/kg - Codex Alimentarum of the Slovak Republic No. 981/1996). The presented results are higher than those in unpolluted areas. The regular monitoring and control of poultry meat guarantee that a consumer is protected against unfavourable higher values of cadmium.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120143246,"asset_id":126235274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35348656,"first_name":"Beáta","last_name":"Koréneková","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BeátaKoréneková","display_name":"Beáta Koréneková","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Be%C3%A1taKor%C3%A9nekov%C3%A1?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":29851,"name":"Poultry Meat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poultry_Meat?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":213907,"name":"Cadmium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cadmium?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1761622,"name":"Monitoring and control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monitoring_and_control?f_ri=3345"},{"id":4128888,"name":"atomic absorption spectrophotometer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/atomic_absorption_spectrophotometer?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126220639" data-work_id="126220639" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126220639/Documento_de_enfoque_Evaluaci%C3%B3n_del_programa_de_pa%C3%ADs_Argentina_2009_2015_">Documento de enfoque: Evaluación del programa de país: Argentina (2009-2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Este trabajo se distribuye bajo la licencia de Creative Commons <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/3.0/us/deed.es_ES" rel="nofollow">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/3.0/us/deed.es_ES</a> (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US). Usted es libre de compartir, copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126220639" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Este trabajo se distribuye bajo la licencia de Creative Commons <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/3.0/us/deed.es_ES" rel="nofollow">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/3.0/us/deed.es_ES</a> (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US). Usted es libre de compartir, copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o formato bajo las siguientes condiciones: Reconocimiento-Debe reconocer adecuadamente la autoría, proporcionar un enlace a la licencia e indicar si se han realizado cambios. Puede hacerlo de cualquier manera razonable, pero no de una manera que sugiera que tiene el apoyo del licenciador o lo recibe por el uso que hace. 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In many parts of the world, the creation of common identity is shaped through many aspects such as history, political-culture, and community integration.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126218315" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The development of regional identity has been an interesting issue to be analyzed. In many parts of the world, the creation of common identity is shaped through many aspects such as history, political-culture, and community integration. ASEAN as the regional association of Southeast Asia also tried to establish the ASEAN Identity. However, the establishment of the ASEAN Identity encounters many challenges intra and extra ASEAN. Political differences, social conflicts, disputes of territory and culture, economic development gap, the coming of external influence from China and US are the obstacles for the realization of this identity. Despite those obstacles, the urgency to realize common regional identity is increasing due to the notion that a regional identity of people in Southeast Asia could better bridge the differences of culture within the region. The ASEAN measures in building ASEAN identity will be analyze by using qualitative approach. 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The need for developing a financial system is a reality for those countries. During the 16 years of transition period,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126207809" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Central Asian republics have chosen market economy as their economic model. The need for developing a financial system is a reality for those countries. During the 16 years of transition period, unfortunately those ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126207809" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d037a0674c9c5e52479bc7ca2ef680d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120120099,"asset_id":126207809,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120120099/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36282814" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%C3%B6nderMet">önder Met</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36282814" type="text/json">{"id":36282814,"first_name":"önder","last_name":"Met","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"önderMet","display_name":"önder Met","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%C3%B6nderMet?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126207809 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126207809"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126207809, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126207809", }); 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Bush, and Mexican President Felipe Calder6n met in Montebello, Quebec to discuss the Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America ("SPP"), a trilateral initiative that has as its objective enhanced regulatory... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126197086" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">President George W. Bush, and Mexican President Felipe Calder6n met in Montebello, Quebec to discuss the Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America ("SPP"), a trilateral initiative that has as its objective enhanced regulatory cooperation between the three North American states in order to improve continental security and regional competitiveness. Despite being described in prosaic terms by government officials and industry supporters as a primarily technical exercise, the SPP has attracted trenchant criticism across the political spectrum. The SPP has been described variously as "integration by stealth,"' the creation of a North American "European Union with none of the safeguards on the environment and social rights, ' 2 and (most floridly) as a "[u]nion that will bury America under more than 100 million, mostly poor Mexicans, and tens of millions of Canadians, used to their lavish social welfare benefits and socialized medicine." 3 Still others have dismissed the SPP altogether</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126197086" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2e72212da618be3d94b132ef6a3db289" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120110935,"asset_id":126197086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120110935/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14549960" href="https://independent.academia.edu/neilcraik">neil craik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14549960" type="text/json">{"id":14549960,"first_name":"neil","last_name":"craik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"neilcraik","display_name":"neil craik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/neilcraik?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126197086 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126197086"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126197086, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126197086", }); 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Bush, and Mexican President Felipe Calder6n met in Montebello, Quebec to discuss the Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America (\"SPP\"), a trilateral initiative that has as its objective enhanced regulatory cooperation between the three North American states in order to improve continental security and regional competitiveness. Despite being described in prosaic terms by government officials and industry supporters as a primarily technical exercise, the SPP has attracted trenchant criticism across the political spectrum. The SPP has been described variously as \"integration by stealth,\"' the creation of a North American \"European Union with none of the safeguards on the environment and social rights, ' 2 and (most floridly) as a \"[u]nion that will bury America under more than 100 million, mostly poor Mexicans, and tens of millions of Canadians, used to their lavish social welfare benefits and socialized medicine.\" 3 Still others have dismissed the SPP altogether","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120110935,"asset_id":126197086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14549960,"first_name":"neil","last_name":"craik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"neilcraik","display_name":"neil craik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/neilcraik?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4167,"name":"Corporate Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Governance?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":34177,"name":"Environmental Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Governance?f_ri=3345"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network?f_ri=3345"},{"id":383579,"name":"Prosperity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosperity?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126159272" data-work_id="126159272" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126159272/Policy_Selectivity_Foregone_Debt_and_Donor_Behavior_in_Africa">Policy Selectivity Foregone: Debt and Donor Behavior in Africa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">meeting for their comments. They thank François Bourguignon and three referees for their extensive comments, Ying Lin (World Bank) for his excellent work with the data, and Brian Deese for other research help. The article was previously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126159272" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">meeting for their comments. They thank François Bourguignon and three referees for their extensive comments, Ying Lin (World Bank) for his excellent work with the data, and Brian Deese for other research help. The article was previously entitled: "Will HIPC Matter? The Debt Game</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126159272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="754659ac9fe46bd445426342cee8676b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120079191,"asset_id":126159272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120079191/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="84930792" href="https://yale.academia.edu/StijnClaessens">Stijn Claessens</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="84930792" type="text/json">{"id":84930792,"first_name":"Stijn","last_name":"Claessens","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"StijnClaessens","display_name":"Stijn Claessens","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/StijnClaessens?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126159272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126159272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126159272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126159272", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126159272]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126159272").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126159272").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="126159272"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="727" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Economics">Development Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="727" type="text/json">{"id":727,"name":"Development Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="69856" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network">Social Science Research Network</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="69856" type="text/json">{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70854" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Country">Developing Country</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70854" type="text/json">{"id":70854,"name":"Developing Country","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Country?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="235753" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debt">Debt</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="235753" type="text/json">{"id":235753,"name":"Debt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debt?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=126159272]'), work: {"id":126159272,"title":"Policy Selectivity Foregone: Debt and Donor Behavior in Africa","created_at":"2024-12-08T05:16:13.988-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/126159272/Policy_Selectivity_Foregone_Debt_and_Donor_Behavior_in_Africa?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_126159272","summary":"meeting for their comments. They thank François Bourguignon and three referees for their extensive comments, Ying Lin (World Bank) for his excellent work with the data, and Brian Deese for other research help. The article was previously entitled: \"Will HIPC Matter? The Debt Game","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120079191,"asset_id":126159272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":84930792,"first_name":"Stijn","last_name":"Claessens","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"StijnClaessens","display_name":"Stijn Claessens","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/StijnClaessens?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":727,"name":"Development Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":70854,"name":"Developing Country","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Country?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":235753,"name":"Debt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debt?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":282664,"name":"Certainty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Certainty?f_ri=3345"},{"id":981649,"name":"Creditor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creditor?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126158498" data-work_id="126158498" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126158498/The_Current_Global_Financial_Crisis_2008_2012">The Current Global Financial Crisis 2008-2012</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The current global financial crisis is considered as one of the biggest crises after the crisis of the years of 30&#39;s. The global financial crisis has affected all countries including developed and developing ones. It also has affected... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126158498" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The current global financial crisis is considered as one of the biggest crises after the crisis of the years of 30&#39;s. The global financial crisis has affected all countries including developed and developing ones. It also has affected all the industries. Population with the low-income faced the greatest consequences. The last hope for the survival of the market economy was to undertake important steps for the nationalization of bankrupted banks and companies, thereby developing policies for the preservation of jobs. Through this analysis, we have included briefly some of the development followed the period of 2008 and onwards. A summary of statistics for some important economic indicators such as employment, exporting and importing is covered in this study as well.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126158498" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f2ce023e2a374870c37cdcba34c61549" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120078529,"asset_id":126158498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120078529/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="280556847" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlbulenaShala1">Albulena Shala</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="280556847" type="text/json">{"id":280556847,"first_name":"Albulena","last_name":"Shala","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlbulenaShala1","display_name":"Albulena Shala","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlbulenaShala1?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/280556847/128912256/118309029/s65_albulena.shala.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126158498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126158498"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126158498, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126158498", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126158498]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126158498").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126158498").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="126158498"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50679" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Crisis">Financial Crisis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50679" type="text/json">{"id":50679,"name":"Financial Crisis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Crisis?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="147612" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market_economy">Market economy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="147612" type="text/json">{"id":147612,"name":"Market economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market_economy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=126158498]'), work: {"id":126158498,"title":"The Current Global Financial Crisis 2008-2012","created_at":"2024-12-08T04:45:01.408-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/126158498/The_Current_Global_Financial_Crisis_2008_2012?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_126158498","summary":"The current global financial crisis is considered as one of the biggest crises after the crisis of the years of 30\u0026#39;s. The global financial crisis has affected all countries including developed and developing ones. It also has affected all the industries. Population with the low-income faced the greatest consequences. The last hope for the survival of the market economy was to undertake important steps for the nationalization of bankrupted banks and companies, thereby developing policies for the preservation of jobs. Through this analysis, we have included briefly some of the development followed the period of 2008 and onwards. A summary of statistics for some important economic indicators such as employment, exporting and importing is covered in this study as well.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120078529,"asset_id":126158498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":280556847,"first_name":"Albulena","last_name":"Shala","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlbulenaShala1","display_name":"Albulena Shala","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlbulenaShala1?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/280556847/128912256/118309029/s65_albulena.shala.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":50679,"name":"Financial Crisis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Crisis?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":147612,"name":"Market economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market_economy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126121768" data-work_id="126121768" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126121768/Medici%C3%B3n_De_La_Evoluci%C3%B3n_Econ%C3%B3mica_Del_Sector_Agrario_Mediante_Indicadores_Sint%C3%A9ticos_en_Castilla_La_Mancha_Economic_Evolution_Measurement_of_the_Agricultural_Sector_in_Castilla_La_Mancha_Using_Synthetic_Indicators">Medición De La Evolución Económica Del Sector Agrario Mediante Indicadores Sintéticos en Castilla-La Mancha Economic Evolution Measurement of the Agricultural Sector in Castilla-La Mancha Using Synthetic Indicators</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study of the economic evolution of the agricultural sector is important for governments, international organizations and economic agents. Econometric models are the most widely used for contextual analysis, but due to the scarcity of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126121768" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study of the economic evolution of the agricultural sector is important for governments, international organizations and economic agents. Econometric models are the most widely used for contextual analysis, but due to the scarcity of information they are barely applicable in the agricultural sector, so that applying synthetic indicators is an alternative. The objective of this article was to incorporate new formulations based on the aggregation of indicators in state spaces so as to have a statistical tool that allows the evaluation of economic activity in the sector. The use of a new methodology of indicator aggregation (state spaces), as well as the classical methods, allow obtaining a valid indicator for predicting fluctuations in the sector with the information available. In addition, the methodology in state spaces can make a correct prediction and anticipate the behavior of the sector for several periods.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126121768" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e480badea33773576eff1aaaa9338304" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120047826,"asset_id":126121768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120047826/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53373866" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelVargas92">Manuel Vargas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53373866" type="text/json">{"id":53373866,"first_name":"Manuel","last_name":"Vargas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ManuelVargas92","display_name":"Manuel Vargas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelVargas92?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53373866/44503161/35012017/s65_manuel.vargas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126121768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126121768"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126121768, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126121768", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126121768]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126121768").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126121768").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="126121768"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="763" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welfare_Economics">Welfare Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="763" type="text/json">{"id":763,"name":"Welfare Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welfare_Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=126121768]'), work: {"id":126121768,"title":"Medición De La Evolución Económica Del Sector Agrario Mediante Indicadores Sintéticos en Castilla-La Mancha Economic Evolution Measurement of the Agricultural Sector in Castilla-La Mancha Using Synthetic Indicators","created_at":"2024-12-06T12:55:10.313-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/126121768/Medici%C3%B3n_De_La_Evoluci%C3%B3n_Econ%C3%B3mica_Del_Sector_Agrario_Mediante_Indicadores_Sint%C3%A9ticos_en_Castilla_La_Mancha_Economic_Evolution_Measurement_of_the_Agricultural_Sector_in_Castilla_La_Mancha_Using_Synthetic_Indicators?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_126121768","summary":"The study of the economic evolution of the agricultural sector is important for governments, international organizations and economic agents. Econometric models are the most widely used for contextual analysis, but due to the scarcity of information they are barely applicable in the agricultural sector, so that applying synthetic indicators is an alternative. The objective of this article was to incorporate new formulations based on the aggregation of indicators in state spaces so as to have a statistical tool that allows the evaluation of economic activity in the sector. The use of a new methodology of indicator aggregation (state spaces), as well as the classical methods, allow obtaining a valid indicator for predicting fluctuations in the sector with the information available. In addition, the methodology in state spaces can make a correct prediction and anticipate the behavior of the sector for several periods.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120047826,"asset_id":126121768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53373866,"first_name":"Manuel","last_name":"Vargas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ManuelVargas92","display_name":"Manuel Vargas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelVargas92?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53373866/44503161/35012017/s65_manuel.vargas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":763,"name":"Welfare Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welfare_Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345"},{"id":10225,"name":"Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture?f_ri=3345"},{"id":125753,"name":"Contextual Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contextual_Analysis?f_ri=3345"},{"id":135913,"name":"State Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Space?f_ri=3345"},{"id":136433,"name":"Mica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mica?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1141704,"name":"AGRICULTURAL SECTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AGRICULTURAL_SECTOR?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3021408,"name":"Econometric Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Econometric_Model?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126117362" data-work_id="126117362" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126117362/The_Barbary_Coast_and_Ottoman_Slavery_in_the_Swedish_Early_Modern_Imagination">The Barbary Coast and Ottoman Slavery in the Swedish Early Modern Imagination</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Between 1650 and 1770 around 1,000 Swedish subjects involved in long-distance trade in the Mediterranean were captured by Muslim corsairs operating from North Africa. European-North African conflicts were commented on in Swedish... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126117362" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Between 1650 and 1770 around 1,000 Swedish subjects involved in long-distance trade in the Mediterranean were captured by Muslim corsairs operating from North Africa. European-North African conflicts were commented on in Swedish newspapers, associated with alms collections for ransom and noted in academic literature. This chapter analyses attitudes towards the Barbary Coast and towards Ottoman slavery in different genres. It argues that information on North Africa was widespread in early modern Sweden and that the discourse on North Africa and Ottoman slavery was multi-faceted, both confirming and challenging European stereotypes of the "Orient". Throughout the 17th and until the beginning of the 19th century, Sweden's most controversial contact with Islamic cultures was with the so-called Barbary powers: Tripoli, Tunis and Algiers, all regencies of the Ottoman empire and Morocco. Between 1650 and 1770 approximately 1,000 Swedish subjects were captured by corsairs roaming the waters of the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. The large majority of the captives were civilians serving in the merchant fleet, and many of them ended up on slave markets in North Africa. Captivity in North Africa could mean a life spent chained to an oar, working in harbours, in private households or as servants in palaces. Compared to other Europeans, Swedish subjects represented only a small fraction of those held in North African captivity. The majority of captives were Spanish, but there were also French, Dutch, German, Portuguese and other Scandinavians. Approximately half of the captured Swedes made it back home. Captivity and potential death for those working in the merchant fleet was the price of the state enterprise to import salt directly from southern Europe-a commodity of vital importance for preserving food during the winter in Sweden. The Ottoman empire had long been "the Other" in the eyes of Europe, and vice versa. But between the two there was also a fascinating exchange of ideas and commodities, and personal encounters between individuals such as merchants, travellers, diplomats, consuls, soldiers and captives. Those who returned could tell stories about the other, narratives that often blended fact and fiction and fed the European imagination of the Turk and slavery on the Barbary Coast, as will be discussed in this chapter. European-North African encounters have become a vibrant field of research. 1 Relevant in this case is the question of what attitudes, images and debates emerged as the</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126117362" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="364c72a00e93ffc671c0a4254f014762" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120043952,"asset_id":126117362,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120043952/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="803284" href="https://lu.academia.edu/Joachim%C3%96stlund">Joachim Östlund</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="803284" type="text/json">{"id":803284,"first_name":"Joachim","last_name":"Östlund","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"JoachimÖstlund","display_name":"Joachim Östlund","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/Joachim%C3%96stlund?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/803284/275414/3500504/s65_joachim._stlund.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126117362 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126117362"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126117362, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126117362", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126117362]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126117362").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126117362").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="126117362"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15736" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Mediterranean">History of the Mediterranean</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15736" type="text/json">{"id":15736,"name":"History of the Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Mediterranean?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173202" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Narratives">Slave Narratives</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173202" type="text/json">{"id":173202,"name":"Slave Narratives","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Narratives?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="506070" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Sweden">Early modern Sweden</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="506070" type="text/json">{"id":506070,"name":"Early modern Sweden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Sweden?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2896395" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbary_States">Barbary States</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2896395" type="text/json">{"id":2896395,"name":"Barbary States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbary_States?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=126117362]'), work: {"id":126117362,"title":"The Barbary Coast and Ottoman Slavery in the Swedish Early Modern Imagination","created_at":"2024-12-06T08:52:30.579-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/126117362/The_Barbary_Coast_and_Ottoman_Slavery_in_the_Swedish_Early_Modern_Imagination?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_126117362","summary":"Between 1650 and 1770 around 1,000 Swedish subjects involved in long-distance trade in the Mediterranean were captured by Muslim corsairs operating from North Africa. European-North African conflicts were commented on in Swedish newspapers, associated with alms collections for ransom and noted in academic literature. This chapter analyses attitudes towards the Barbary Coast and towards Ottoman slavery in different genres. It argues that information on North Africa was widespread in early modern Sweden and that the discourse on North Africa and Ottoman slavery was multi-faceted, both confirming and challenging European stereotypes of the \"Orient\". Throughout the 17th and until the beginning of the 19th century, Sweden's most controversial contact with Islamic cultures was with the so-called Barbary powers: Tripoli, Tunis and Algiers, all regencies of the Ottoman empire and Morocco. Between 1650 and 1770 approximately 1,000 Swedish subjects were captured by corsairs roaming the waters of the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. The large majority of the captives were civilians serving in the merchant fleet, and many of them ended up on slave markets in North Africa. Captivity in North Africa could mean a life spent chained to an oar, working in harbours, in private households or as servants in palaces. Compared to other Europeans, Swedish subjects represented only a small fraction of those held in North African captivity. The majority of captives were Spanish, but there were also French, Dutch, German, Portuguese and other Scandinavians. Approximately half of the captured Swedes made it back home. Captivity and potential death for those working in the merchant fleet was the price of the state enterprise to import salt directly from southern Europe-a commodity of vital importance for preserving food during the winter in Sweden. The Ottoman empire had long been \"the Other\" in the eyes of Europe, and vice versa. But between the two there was also a fascinating exchange of ideas and commodities, and personal encounters between individuals such as merchants, travellers, diplomats, consuls, soldiers and captives. Those who returned could tell stories about the other, narratives that often blended fact and fiction and fed the European imagination of the Turk and slavery on the Barbary Coast, as will be discussed in this chapter. European-North African encounters have become a vibrant field of research. 1 Relevant in this case is the question of what attitudes, images and debates emerged as the","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120043952,"asset_id":126117362,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":803284,"first_name":"Joachim","last_name":"Östlund","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"JoachimÖstlund","display_name":"Joachim Östlund","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/Joachim%C3%96stlund?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/803284/275414/3500504/s65_joachim._stlund.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15736,"name":"History of the Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Mediterranean?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":173202,"name":"Slave Narratives","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Narratives?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":506070,"name":"Early modern Sweden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Sweden?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":2896395,"name":"Barbary States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbary_States?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_126115281" data-work_id="126115281" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126115281/Special_issue_Organiza%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Internacionais_na_era_da_descoloniza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_">Special issue "Organizações Internacionais na era da descolonização"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Número especial organizado por José Pedro Monteiro intitulado "Organizações Internacionais na Era da Descolonização". Acesso online e livre a todos os textos aqui: <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/lerhistoria/13545" rel="nofollow">https://journals.openedition.org/lerhistoria/13545</a></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126115281" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="007d42a4334a161727074b7ea967ef63" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120042148,"asset_id":126115281,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120042148/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3905137" href="https://uminho.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9PedroMonteiro">José Pedro Monteiro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3905137" type="text/json">{"id":3905137,"first_name":"José Pedro","last_name":"Monteiro","domain_name":"uminho","page_name":"JoséPedroMonteiro","display_name":"José Pedro Monteiro","profile_url":"https://uminho.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9PedroMonteiro?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3905137/1449692/31341543/s65_jos_pedro.monteiro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126115281 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126115281"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126115281, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126115281", }); 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work_126063272" data-work_id="126063272" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126063272/La_diplomacia_espa%C3%B1ola_y_portuguesa_en_el_conflicto_de_Manchuria_dos_posiciones_contrapuestas_en_la_Sociedad_de_Naciones">La diplomacia española y portuguesa en el conflicto de Manchuria: dos posiciones contrapuestas en la Sociedad de Naciones</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Este articulo de investigacion analiza, echando mano del metodo comparativo, la posicion que los dos paises ibericos mantuvieron durante todo el conflicto sino-japones. El incidente de Mukden , ocurrido el 18 de septiembre de 1931, puso... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126063272" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Este articulo de investigacion analiza, echando mano del metodo comparativo, la posicion que los dos paises ibericos mantuvieron durante todo el conflicto sino-japones. El incidente de Mukden , ocurrido el 18 de septiembre de 1931, puso en un grave aprieto a la Sociedad de Naciones. El conflicto de Manchuria, que para muchos autores, representa el primer gran fracaso de la Sociedad de Naciones, tambien inauguro una decada que, encadenada de conflictos y fracasos (la guerra del Chaco, la Conferencia del Desarme, el conflicto italo-etiope y la Guerra Civil Espanola), desembocaria en la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Este conflicto, escasamente tratado en lengua espanola, y marginado para todo lo que no sea el papel jugado por las grandes potencias, me ha llevado a investigar, apoyado por fuentes documentales de archivos diplomaticos, la labor politico-diplomatica llevada a cabo por Espana y Portugal, dos pequenas potencias en la voragine de la diplomacia internacional de las principales pote...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126063272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5be135c665a970b8217f4d54d624bc41" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119998027,"asset_id":126063272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119998027/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="191406443" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Jes%C3%BAsManuelBermejoRold%C3%A1n">Jesús Manuel Bermejo Roldán</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="191406443" type="text/json">{"id":191406443,"first_name":"Jesús Manuel","last_name":"Bermejo Roldán","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JesúsManuelBermejoRoldán","display_name":"Jesús Manuel Bermejo Roldán","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Jes%C3%BAsManuelBermejoRold%C3%A1n?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/191406443/54409528/42555784/s65_jes_s_manuel.bermejo_rold_n.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126063272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126063272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126063272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126063272", }); 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El incidente de Mukden , ocurrido el 18 de septiembre de 1931, puso en un grave aprieto a la Sociedad de Naciones. El conflicto de Manchuria, que para muchos autores, representa el primer gran fracaso de la Sociedad de Naciones, tambien inauguro una decada que, encadenada de conflictos y fracasos (la guerra del Chaco, la Conferencia del Desarme, el conflicto italo-etiope y la Guerra Civil Espanola), desembocaria en la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Este conflicto, escasamente tratado en lengua espanola, y marginado para todo lo que no sea el papel jugado por las grandes potencias, me ha llevado a investigar, apoyado por fuentes documentales de archivos diplomaticos, la labor politico-diplomatica llevada a cabo por Espana y Portugal, dos pequenas potencias en la voragine de la diplomacia internacional de las principales pote...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119998027,"asset_id":126063272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":191406443,"first_name":"Jesús Manuel","last_name":"Bermejo Roldán","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JesúsManuelBermejoRoldán","display_name":"Jesús Manuel Bermejo 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href="https://www.academia.edu/126019104/Modernity_beyond_the_Cold_War_Ideology_and_Development_in_Postcolonial_Africa_1945_1968_Review_Essay_">Modernity beyond the Cold War: Ideology and Development in Postcolonial Africa, 1945–1968 (Review Essay)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126019104" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="32840d2d8f30b2f7ab395cab7501c6d5" rel="nofollow" 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126005027/Sicherheit_und_Wirtschaft_verwoben_Deutschland_zwischen_den_USA_und_China">Sicherheit und Wirtschaft verwoben: Deutschland zwischen den USA und China</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Wirtschaftliche Integration zur Eindämmung nationalistischer und militärischer Gefahren in der Region Asien-Pazifik Initiativen in multilateralen Foren (UN, G20 und NATO), um die sino-amerikanische Rivalität zu entschärfen... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_126005027" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Wirtschaftliche Integration zur Eindämmung nationalistischer und militärischer Gefahren in der Region Asien-Pazifik Initiativen in multilateralen Foren (UN, G20 und NATO), um die sino-amerikanische Rivalität zu entschärfen Konfliktprävention und Rüstungskontrollinitiative der EU Außenpolitische Herausforderungen für die nächste Bundesregierung 28 DGAPkompakt / Nr. 6 / Sommer 2017 Josef Braml ist geschäftsführender Herausgeber des DGAP-Jahrbuchs und leitet dessen Redaktion. Henning Riecke leitet das Programm USA/Transatlantische Beziehungen der DGAP.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/126005027" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0328dc348cc64a4328676d9c90dd4a6d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119948370,"asset_id":126005027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119948370/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="302119954" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HRiecke">Henning Riecke</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="302119954" type="text/json">{"id":302119954,"first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Riecke","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HRiecke","display_name":"Henning Riecke","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HRiecke?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_126005027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="126005027"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 126005027, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_126005027", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_126005027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126005027; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_126005027"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_126005027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126005027"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126005027; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126005027]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_126005027").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_126005027").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125976089" data-work_id="125976089" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125976089/Multi_actor_multi_level_governance_for_the_transatlantic_climate_and_energy_dialogue">Multi-actor, multi-level governance for the transatlantic climate and energy dialogue</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Within Europe and around the world, a populist upsurge is threatening the liberal international order. Following the Brexit referendum and Donald Trump’s election as US President, multilateral cooperation appears to be in jeopardy and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125976089" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Within Europe and around the world, a populist upsurge is threatening the liberal international order. Following the Brexit referendum and Donald Trump’s election as US President, multilateral cooperation appears to be in jeopardy and transatlantic relations have reached a historic low point. Trump’s nationalist ideology has led him to embrace an insular foreign policy under the slogan ‘America first’, criticizing key allies in Europe for taking advantage of the United States. Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris Agreement on climate change represents a significant challenge to transatlantic relations, given Europe’s strong commitment to the accord and to environmental policy more generally. It is representative of the erosion in international cooperation and the breakdown of entrenched alliances, highlighting current tensions in the transatlantic dialogue. Trump’s announcement has opened a breach in the global climate regime, given that the US is the second largest greenhous...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125976089" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6eba5a1130d80f13d2984d643659dcbd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119924804,"asset_id":125976089,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119924804/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="52922147" href="https://campus-paris-saclay.academia.edu/ArnaultBarichella">Arnault Barichella</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="52922147" type="text/json">{"id":52922147,"first_name":"Arnault","last_name":"Barichella","domain_name":"campus-paris-saclay","page_name":"ArnaultBarichella","display_name":"Arnault Barichella","profile_url":"https://campus-paris-saclay.academia.edu/ArnaultBarichella?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52922147/172988990/162997835/s65_arnault.barichella.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125976089 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125976089"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125976089, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125976089", }); 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Following the Brexit referendum and Donald Trump’s election as US President, multilateral cooperation appears to be in jeopardy and transatlantic relations have reached a historic low point. Trump’s nationalist ideology has led him to embrace an insular foreign policy under the slogan ‘America first’, criticizing key allies in Europe for taking advantage of the United States. Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris Agreement on climate change represents a significant challenge to transatlantic relations, given Europe’s strong commitment to the accord and to environmental policy more generally. It is representative of the erosion in international cooperation and the breakdown of entrenched alliances, highlighting current tensions in the transatlantic dialogue. Trump’s announcement has opened a breach in the global climate regime, given that the US is the second largest greenhous...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119924804,"asset_id":125976089,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52922147,"first_name":"Arnault","last_name":"Barichella","domain_name":"campus-paris-saclay","page_name":"ArnaultBarichella","display_name":"Arnault Barichella","profile_url":"https://campus-paris-saclay.academia.edu/ArnaultBarichella?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52922147/172988990/162997835/s65_arnault.barichella.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4167,"name":"Corporate Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Governance?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":45270,"name":"Multi Level Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multi_Level_Governance?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":808540,"name":"Climate Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Governance?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125969584" data-work_id="125969584" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125969584/Managing_Migration_with_Stories_The_IOM_i_am_a_migrant_Campaign">Managing Migration with Stories? The IOM “i am a migrant” Campaign</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">For guidance on citations see FAQs.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125969584" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="11e16d7a48090004781dfc928bcea519" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119919606,"asset_id":125969584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119919606/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="332497782" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaraDeJong3">Sara De Jong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="332497782" type="text/json">{"id":332497782,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"De Jong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaraDeJong3","display_name":"Sara De Jong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaraDeJong3?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/332497782/172966970/162975660/s65_sara.de_jong.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125969584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125969584"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125969584, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125969584", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125969584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125969584").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125969584").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125969584"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="977" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Studies">Development Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="977" type="text/json">{"id":977,"name":"Development Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2852" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative">Narrative</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2852" type="text/json">{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5349" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irregular_Migration">Irregular Migration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5349" type="text/json">{"id":5349,"name":"Irregular Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irregular_Migration?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125969584]'), work: {"id":125969584,"title":"Managing Migration with Stories? The IOM “i am a migrant” Campaign","created_at":"2024-11-30T14:53:02.190-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125969584/Managing_Migration_with_Stories_The_IOM_i_am_a_migrant_Campaign?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125969584","summary":"For guidance on citations see FAQs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119919606,"asset_id":125969584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":332497782,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"De Jong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaraDeJong3","display_name":"Sara De Jong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaraDeJong3?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/332497782/172966970/162975660/s65_sara.de_jong.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":977,"name":"Development Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":5349,"name":"Irregular Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irregular_Migration?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":11203,"name":"International Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Migration?f_ri=3345"},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=3345"},{"id":52867,"name":"Rationality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rationality?f_ri=3345"},{"id":596385,"name":"IOM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IOM?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125955843" data-work_id="125955843" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125955843/Radionuclides_in_marine_mammals_off_the_Portuguese_coast">Radionuclides in marine mammals off the Portuguese coast</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Radionuclide analyses were performed in tissue samples including muscle, gonad, liver, mammary gland, and bone of marine mammals stranded on the Portuguese west coast during JanuaryeJuly 2006. Tissues were collected from seven dolphins... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125955843" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Radionuclide analyses were performed in tissue samples including muscle, gonad, liver, mammary gland, and bone of marine mammals stranded on the Portuguese west coast during JanuaryeJuly 2006. Tissues were collected from seven dolphins (Delphinus delphis and Stenella coeruleoalba) and one pilot whale (Globicephala sp.). Samples were analyzed for 210 Po and 210 Pb by alpha spectrometry and for 137 Cs and 40 K by gamma spectrometry. Po-210 concentrations in common dolphin's muscle (D. delphis) averaged 56 AE 32 Bq kg À1 wet weight (w.w.), while 210 Pb averaged 0.17 AE 0.07 Bq kg À1 w.w., 137 Cs averaged 0.29 AE 0.28 Bq kg À1 w.w., and 40 K 129 AE 48 Bq kg À1 w.w. Absorbed radiation doses due to these radionuclides for the internal organs of common dolphins were computed and attained a 1.50 mGy h À1 on a whole body basis. 210 Po was the main contributor to the weighted absorbed dose, accounting for 97% of the dose from internally accumulated radionuclides. These computed radiation doses in dolphins are compared to radiation doses from 210 Po and other radionuclides reported for human tissues. Due to the high 210 Po activity concentration in dolphins, the internal radiation dose in these marine mammals is about three orders of magnitude higher than in man.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125955843" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7f8ca7fb3e6baba81c22052cea2584f6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119908138,"asset_id":125955843,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119908138/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="308493113" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MargaridaMalta3">Margarida Malta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="308493113" type="text/json">{"id":308493113,"first_name":"Margarida","last_name":"Malta","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MargaridaMalta3","display_name":"Margarida Malta","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MargaridaMalta3?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/308493113/152780495/142380668/s65_margarida.malta.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125955843 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125955843"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125955843, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125955843", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125955843]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125955843").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125955843").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125955843"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology">Marine Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="158" type="text/json">{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11801" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Monitoring">Environmental Monitoring</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11801" type="text/json">{"id":11801,"name":"Environmental Monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Monitoring?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125955843]'), work: {"id":125955843,"title":"Radionuclides in marine mammals off the Portuguese coast","created_at":"2024-11-30T01:49:25.241-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125955843/Radionuclides_in_marine_mammals_off_the_Portuguese_coast?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125955843","summary":"Radionuclide analyses were performed in tissue samples including muscle, gonad, liver, mammary gland, and bone of marine mammals stranded on the Portuguese west coast during JanuaryeJuly 2006. Tissues were collected from seven dolphins (Delphinus delphis and Stenella coeruleoalba) and one pilot whale (Globicephala sp.). Samples were analyzed for 210 Po and 210 Pb by alpha spectrometry and for 137 Cs and 40 K by gamma spectrometry. Po-210 concentrations in common dolphin's muscle (D. delphis) averaged 56 AE 32 Bq kg À1 wet weight (w.w.), while 210 Pb averaged 0.17 AE 0.07 Bq kg À1 w.w., 137 Cs averaged 0.29 AE 0.28 Bq kg À1 w.w., and 40 K 129 AE 48 Bq kg À1 w.w. Absorbed radiation doses due to these radionuclides for the internal organs of common dolphins were computed and attained a 1.50 mGy h À1 on a whole body basis. 210 Po was the main contributor to the weighted absorbed dose, accounting for 97% of the dose from internally accumulated radionuclides. These computed radiation doses in dolphins are compared to radiation doses from 210 Po and other radionuclides reported for human tissues. Due to the high 210 Po activity concentration in dolphins, the internal radiation dose in these marine mammals is about three orders of magnitude higher than in man.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119908138,"asset_id":125955843,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":308493113,"first_name":"Margarida","last_name":"Malta","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MargaridaMalta3","display_name":"Margarida Malta","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MargaridaMalta3?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/308493113/152780495/142380668/s65_margarida.malta.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":11801,"name":"Environmental Monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Monitoring?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3345"},{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals?f_ri=3345"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3345"},{"id":48127,"name":"Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concentration?f_ri=3345"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=3345"},{"id":60075,"name":"Gamma Spectrometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Spectrometry?f_ri=3345"},{"id":81782,"name":"Environmental Radioactivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Radioactivity?f_ri=3345"},{"id":116579,"name":"Lead","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lead?f_ri=3345"},{"id":142016,"name":"Delphinus delphis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delphinus_delphis?f_ri=3345"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=3345"},{"id":397178,"name":"Cesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cesium?f_ri=3345"},{"id":434050,"name":"Mammary gland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammary_gland?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":726208,"name":"Marine Mammal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mammal?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1239680,"name":"Common Dolphin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_Dolphin?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1689342,"name":"Caesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caesium?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125914637" data-work_id="125914637" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125914637/Incertidumbre_y_conflictos_contempor%C3%A1neos_sociolog%C3%ADa_jur%C3%ADdica_representaci%C3%B3n_y_participaci%C3%B3n_pol%C3%ADtica_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina">Incertidumbre y conflictos contemporáneos : sociología jurídica, representación y participación política en América Latina</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Los trabajos aquí expuestos proponen una lectura que trasciende los abordajes más frecuentes cuando se trata de estudiar los fenómenos jurídicos, fuertemente delimitados por la importante influencia que han ejercido en el continente las... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125914637" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Los trabajos aquí expuestos proponen una lectura que trasciende los abordajes más frecuentes cuando se trata de estudiar los fenómenos jurídicos, fuertemente delimitados por la importante influencia que han ejercido en el continente las miradas desde la dogmática jurídica. En este sentido, puede decirse que resultan notorios los límites del paradigma positivista, auspiciado por la ciencia jurídica durante gran parte del siglo XX, para interpretar los cambios recientes y contribuir a la transformación de la realidad. De allí que los aportes que constituyen este volumen pretendan dar cuenta, mediante la utilización de las herramientas analíticas provistas por las ciencias sociales, de las complejidades inherentes al fenómeno jurídico en su interacción con actitudes, motivaciones y expectativas sociales desde una perspectiva situada y en clave de derechos humanos</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125914637" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4c0236debec6dfc03dd906a0506b24da" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119874408,"asset_id":125914637,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119874408/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="244732673" href="https://uacm.academia.edu/DanielTacher">Daniel Tacher Contreras</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="244732673" type="text/json">{"id":244732673,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Tacher Contreras","domain_name":"uacm","page_name":"DanielTacher","display_name":"Daniel Tacher Contreras","profile_url":"https://uacm.academia.edu/DanielTacher?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/244732673/99277920/141782727/s65_daniel.tacher_contreras.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125914637 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125914637"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125914637, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125914637", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125914637 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125914637; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125914637"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125914637 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125914637"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125914637; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125914637]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125914637").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125914637").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125914637"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="126749" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ciudadan%C3%ADa">Ciudadanía</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="126749" type="text/json">{"id":126749,"name":"Ciudadanía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ciudadan%C3%ADa?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="198483" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolog%C3%ADa_Pol%C3%ADtica">Sociología Política</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="198483" type="text/json">{"id":198483,"name":"Sociología Política","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolog%C3%ADa_Pol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="252518" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representaci%C3%B3n">Representación</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="252518" type="text/json">{"id":252518,"name":"Representación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="386851" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participaci%C3%B3n_Pol%C3%ADtica">Participación Política</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="386851" type="text/json">{"id":386851,"name":"Participación Política","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participaci%C3%B3n_Pol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125914637]'), work: {"id":125914637,"title":"Incertidumbre y conflictos contemporáneos : sociología jurídica, representación y participación política en América Latina","created_at":"2024-11-28T09:29:33.825-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125914637/Incertidumbre_y_conflictos_contempor%C3%A1neos_sociolog%C3%ADa_jur%C3%ADdica_representaci%C3%B3n_y_participaci%C3%B3n_pol%C3%ADtica_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125914637","summary":"Los trabajos aquí expuestos proponen una lectura que trasciende los abordajes más frecuentes cuando se trata de estudiar los fenómenos jurídicos, fuertemente delimitados por la importante influencia que han ejercido en el continente las miradas desde la dogmática jurídica. En este sentido, puede decirse que resultan notorios los límites del paradigma positivista, auspiciado por la ciencia jurídica durante gran parte del siglo XX, para interpretar los cambios recientes y contribuir a la transformación de la realidad. De allí que los aportes que constituyen este volumen pretendan dar cuenta, mediante la utilización de las herramientas analíticas provistas por las ciencias sociales, de las complejidades inherentes al fenómeno jurídico en su interacción con actitudes, motivaciones y expectativas sociales desde una perspectiva situada y en clave de derechos humanos","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119874408,"asset_id":125914637,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":244732673,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Tacher Contreras","domain_name":"uacm","page_name":"DanielTacher","display_name":"Daniel Tacher Contreras","profile_url":"https://uacm.academia.edu/DanielTacher?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/244732673/99277920/141782727/s65_daniel.tacher_contreras.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":126749,"name":"Ciudadanía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ciudadan%C3%ADa?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":198483,"name":"Sociología Política","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolog%C3%ADa_Pol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":252518,"name":"Representación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":386851,"name":"Participación Política","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participaci%C3%B3n_Pol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":1462310,"name":"Sociología Jurídica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolog%C3%ADa_Jur%C3%ADdica?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125882575" data-work_id="125882575" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125882575/Contestation_and_collectivies_protecting_labor_organizing_rights_in_the_global_economy">Contestation and collectivies: protecting labor organizing rights in the global economy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Despite the infamous dicta of a certain late twentieth female political leader, there is indeed a society, and the society that I found as a graduate student at the University of Minnesota was perhaps the most important part of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125882575" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Despite the infamous dicta of a certain late twentieth female political leader, there is indeed a society, and the society that I found as a graduate student at the University of Minnesota was perhaps the most important part of the dissertation process. I am eternally grateful first of all to the wonderful mentorship and guidance of my advisor Professor Kathryn Sikkink, who is generous beyond expectation and has always held her students in to high standards of scholarship. I also extend my gratitude to my committee members, and thank them for their service, their encouragement and critique: Prof. Abdi Samator, Prof. Teri Caraway, Prof. August Nimtz, and Prof. Ben Ansell. In addition, I would like to thank those professors who have aided my graduate education and dissertation process through courses and colloquia:</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125882575" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f07e6533dea91cf9d0b2ab779ebab4a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119847229,"asset_id":125882575,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119847229/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27513017" href="https://jjay-cuny.academia.edu/SKang">Susan Kang</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27513017" type="text/json">{"id":27513017,"first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Kang","domain_name":"jjay-cuny","page_name":"SKang","display_name":"Susan Kang","profile_url":"https://jjay-cuny.academia.edu/SKang?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27513017/11404429/12720796/s65_susan.kang.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125882575 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125882575"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125882575, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125882575", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125882575]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125882575").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125882575").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125882575"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2575" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law">International Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2575" type="text/json">{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125882575]'), work: {"id":125882575,"title":"Contestation and collectivies: protecting labor organizing rights in the global economy","created_at":"2024-11-27T04:45:19.449-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125882575/Contestation_and_collectivies_protecting_labor_organizing_rights_in_the_global_economy?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125882575","summary":"Despite the infamous dicta of a certain late twentieth female political leader, there is indeed a society, and the society that I found as a graduate student at the University of Minnesota was perhaps the most important part of the dissertation process. I am eternally grateful first of all to the wonderful mentorship and guidance of my advisor Professor Kathryn Sikkink, who is generous beyond expectation and has always held her students in to high standards of scholarship. I also extend my gratitude to my committee members, and thank them for their service, their encouragement and critique: Prof. Abdi Samator, Prof. Teri Caraway, Prof. August Nimtz, and Prof. Ben Ansell. In addition, I would like to thank those professors who have aided my graduate education and dissertation process through courses and colloquia:","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119847229,"asset_id":125882575,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27513017,"first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Kang","domain_name":"jjay-cuny","page_name":"SKang","display_name":"Susan Kang","profile_url":"https://jjay-cuny.academia.edu/SKang?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27513017/11404429/12720796/s65_susan.kang.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy?f_ri=3345"},{"id":31848,"name":"Labor unions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_unions?f_ri=3345"},{"id":331794,"name":"Global Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Economy?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125866081" data-work_id="125866081" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125866081/Health_of_non_ambulatory_non_injured_pigs_at_processing">Health of non-ambulatory, non-injured pigs at processing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Loss of pigs during or after transport is a welfare concern, but also an economic concern for producers. Transport losses include animals that are dead on arrival (DOA) at the plant, pigs that are injured, and pigs which are not obviously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125866081" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Loss of pigs during or after transport is a welfare concern, but also an economic concern for producers. Transport losses include animals that are dead on arrival (DOA) at the plant, pigs that are injured, and pigs which are not obviously injured but unwilling or unable to walk (non-ambulatory, non-injured or NANI). The objective of this research was to assess the health of non-ambulatory, non-injured (NANI) pigs relative to control pigs at the processing plant by looking at a range of measures, including complete blood chemistry, anatomy, and pathology to determine potential factors associated with pigs going down. Data were collected from NANI and control pigs at five plants in the midwest USA. Feet and legs and internal organs were inspected and the severity of the pathology scored. Alveolar macrophages were collected and counted. Blood was collected for analysis of hematology, blood chemistry and cortisol concentrations. Titers to common porcine respiratory viruses were measured in pigs from one plant. Hoof and pad problems did not differ overall between control and NANI pigs, however the percentage of severe foot problems was greater (P b 0.05) in NANI compared with control pigs at plants A and E. The percentage of total ulcers, rhinitis, and empty stomachs differed (P b 0.05) between control and NANI pigs at individual plants, but not overall. Blood hematology and chemistry differed (P b 0.05) between NANI and control pigs. Cortisol concentrations did not differ between NANI and control pigs. Titers to swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N1 and H3N2 and porcine circovirus (PCV) were lower (P b 0.01) among NANI compared with control pigs. However, more (P b 0.01) NANI pigs were positive for SIV H1N1 and H3N2 compared with control pigs. Blood hematology, chemistry, and pathology indicate a large difference between NANI and controls pigs. No single health problem was higher among NANI pigs compared to plant-matched control pigs. Rather, several problems appear to contribute to pigs becoming NANI which may differ from one plant too another.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125866081" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a88d9949e5b307ba4439cc69ea36a900" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119833219,"asset_id":125866081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119833219/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127922486" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JaneenJohnson1">Janeen Johnson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127922486" type="text/json">{"id":127922486,"first_name":"Janeen","last_name":"Johnson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaneenJohnson1","display_name":"Janeen Johnson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaneenJohnson1?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127922486/32796992/29496539/s65_janeen.johnson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125866081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125866081"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125866081, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125866081", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125866081]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125866081").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125866081").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125866081"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="619" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematology">Hematology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="619" type="text/json">{"id":619,"name":"Hematology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="657" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Medicine">Veterinary Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="657" type="text/json">{"id":657,"name":"Veterinary Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Medicine?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125866081]'), work: {"id":125866081,"title":"Health of non-ambulatory, non-injured pigs at processing","created_at":"2024-11-26T12:05:19.790-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125866081/Health_of_non_ambulatory_non_injured_pigs_at_processing?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125866081","summary":"Loss of pigs during or after transport is a welfare concern, but also an economic concern for producers. Transport losses include animals that are dead on arrival (DOA) at the plant, pigs that are injured, and pigs which are not obviously injured but unwilling or unable to walk (non-ambulatory, non-injured or NANI). The objective of this research was to assess the health of non-ambulatory, non-injured (NANI) pigs relative to control pigs at the processing plant by looking at a range of measures, including complete blood chemistry, anatomy, and pathology to determine potential factors associated with pigs going down. Data were collected from NANI and control pigs at five plants in the midwest USA. Feet and legs and internal organs were inspected and the severity of the pathology scored. Alveolar macrophages were collected and counted. Blood was collected for analysis of hematology, blood chemistry and cortisol concentrations. Titers to common porcine respiratory viruses were measured in pigs from one plant. Hoof and pad problems did not differ overall between control and NANI pigs, however the percentage of severe foot problems was greater (P b 0.05) in NANI compared with control pigs at plants A and E. The percentage of total ulcers, rhinitis, and empty stomachs differed (P b 0.05) between control and NANI pigs at individual plants, but not overall. Blood hematology and chemistry differed (P b 0.05) between NANI and control pigs. Cortisol concentrations did not differ between NANI and control pigs. Titers to swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N1 and H3N2 and porcine circovirus (PCV) were lower (P b 0.01) among NANI compared with control pigs. However, more (P b 0.01) NANI pigs were positive for SIV H1N1 and H3N2 compared with control pigs. Blood hematology, chemistry, and pathology indicate a large difference between NANI and controls pigs. No single health problem was higher among NANI pigs compared to plant-matched control pigs. Rather, several problems appear to contribute to pigs becoming NANI which may differ from one plant too another.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119833219,"asset_id":125866081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127922486,"first_name":"Janeen","last_name":"Johnson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaneenJohnson1","display_name":"Janeen Johnson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaneenJohnson1?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127922486/32796992/29496539/s65_janeen.johnson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":619,"name":"Hematology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":657,"name":"Veterinary Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Medicine?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=3345"},{"id":58431,"name":"Cortisol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cortisol?f_ri=3345"},{"id":71281,"name":"NEFA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NEFA?f_ri=3345"},{"id":254203,"name":"Ambulatory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ambulatory?f_ri=3345"},{"id":387476,"name":"Health Problems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Problems?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1879071,"name":"Alveolar Macrophage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alveolar_Macrophage?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1984988,"name":"Blood Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Chemistry?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125862400" data-work_id="125862400" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125862400/Limited_Pathogenicity_of_Usutu_Virus_for_the_Domestic_Goose_Anser_anser_f_domestica_Following_Experimental_Inoculation">Limited Pathogenicity of Usutu Virus for the Domestic Goose (Anser anser f. domestica) Following Experimental Inoculation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, which has been associated with avian mortality in Austria since 2001. The affected birds are predominantly Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125862400" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, which has been associated with avian mortality in Austria since 2001. The affected birds are predominantly Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). In the present study, the pathogenicity of USUV for domestic geese (Anser anser f. domestica) was investigated. Eleven 2-week-old geese were inoculated intramuscularly with 5 • 10 4 50% tissue culture infectious dose of USUV strain Vienna-2001 blackbird. No clinical signs were seen during the observation period. Four inoculated and one in-contact geese died without preceding clinical signs. Two of the deaths could be attributed to bacterial septicaemia and strangulation, respectively. The cause of death of two experimental and one in-contact animals remained unclear, but lack of evidence for viral lesions and viral antigen in their tissues argued against association with the USUV infection. Although in organs of the majority of inoculated geese (9/11) USUV was detected by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry for USUV antigen was negative in all tissues of all geese. Evidence of plasma viraemia or viral excretion was found in one goose only. Seroconversion was detected in three inoculated geese 10 days post-inoculation. Geese placed in contact with inoculated geese and control animals did not exhibit USUV in their internal organs or plasma and lacked USUV-specific antibodies. This experiment shows that USUV is able to replicate in geese, but does not induce clinical disease, is unlikely to induce mortality, and only infrequently leads to viraemia or virus shedding.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125862400" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9ffa5e9dfb045090da8c2cac02c3e925" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119830126,"asset_id":125862400,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119830126/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="198073101" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NorbertNowotny">Norbert Nowotny</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="198073101" type="text/json">{"id":198073101,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Nowotny","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NorbertNowotny","display_name":"Norbert Nowotny","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NorbertNowotny?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125862400 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125862400"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125862400, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125862400", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125862400 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125862400; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125862400"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125862400 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125862400"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125862400; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125862400]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125862400").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125862400").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125862400"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8089" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology">Virology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8089" type="text/json">{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12071" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12071" type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125862400]'), work: {"id":125862400,"title":"Limited Pathogenicity of Usutu Virus for the Domestic Goose (Anser anser f. domestica) Following Experimental Inoculation","created_at":"2024-11-26T08:44:11.810-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125862400/Limited_Pathogenicity_of_Usutu_Virus_for_the_Domestic_Goose_Anser_anser_f_domestica_Following_Experimental_Inoculation?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125862400","summary":"Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, which has been associated with avian mortality in Austria since 2001. The affected birds are predominantly Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). In the present study, the pathogenicity of USUV for domestic geese (Anser anser f. domestica) was investigated. Eleven 2-week-old geese were inoculated intramuscularly with 5 • 10 4 50% tissue culture infectious dose of USUV strain Vienna-2001 blackbird. No clinical signs were seen during the observation period. Four inoculated and one in-contact geese died without preceding clinical signs. Two of the deaths could be attributed to bacterial septicaemia and strangulation, respectively. The cause of death of two experimental and one in-contact animals remained unclear, but lack of evidence for viral lesions and viral antigen in their tissues argued against association with the USUV infection. Although in organs of the majority of inoculated geese (9/11) USUV was detected by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry for USUV antigen was negative in all tissues of all geese. Evidence of plasma viraemia or viral excretion was found in one goose only. Seroconversion was detected in three inoculated geese 10 days post-inoculation. Geese placed in contact with inoculated geese and control animals did not exhibit USUV in their internal organs or plasma and lacked USUV-specific antibodies. This experiment shows that USUV is able to replicate in geese, but does not induce clinical disease, is unlikely to induce mortality, and only infrequently leads to viraemia or virus shedding.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119830126,"asset_id":125862400,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":198073101,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Nowotny","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NorbertNowotny","display_name":"Norbert Nowotny","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NorbertNowotny?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3345"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3345"},{"id":66089,"name":"Tissue culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tissue_culture?f_ri=3345"},{"id":231587,"name":"Geese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geese?f_ri=3345"},{"id":366620,"name":"POULTRY DISEASES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POULTRY_DISEASES?f_ri=3345"},{"id":413804,"name":"Inoculation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inoculation?f_ri=3345"},{"id":469102,"name":"Feces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feces?f_ri=3345"},{"id":521860,"name":"Flavivirus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavivirus?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":988725,"name":"Clinical Signs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Signs?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1193376,"name":"Japanese Encephalitis Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japanese_Encephalitis_Virus?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3067128,"name":"reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/reverse_transcriptase_polymerase_chain_reaction?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3197604,"name":"Cause of death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cause_of_death?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3733440,"name":"GOOSE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GOOSE?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125862383" data-work_id="125862383" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125862383/Limited_Pathogenicity_of_Usutu_Virus_for_the_Domestic_Goose_Anser_anser_f_domestica_Following_Experimental_Inoculation">Limited Pathogenicity of Usutu Virus for the Domestic Goose (Anser anser f. domestica) Following Experimental Inoculation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, which has been associated with avian mortality in Austria since 2001. The affected birds are predominantly Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125862383" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, which has been associated with avian mortality in Austria since 2001. The affected birds are predominantly Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). In the present study, the pathogenicity of USUV for domestic geese (Anser anser f. domestica) was investigated. Eleven 2-week-old geese were inoculated intramuscularly with 5 • 10 4 50% tissue culture infectious dose of USUV strain Vienna-2001 blackbird. No clinical signs were seen during the observation period. Four inoculated and one in-contact geese died without preceding clinical signs. Two of the deaths could be attributed to bacterial septicaemia and strangulation, respectively. The cause of death of two experimental and one in-contact animals remained unclear, but lack of evidence for viral lesions and viral antigen in their tissues argued against association with the USUV infection. Although in organs of the majority of inoculated geese (9/11) USUV was detected by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry for USUV antigen was negative in all tissues of all geese. Evidence of plasma viraemia or viral excretion was found in one goose only. Seroconversion was detected in three inoculated geese 10 days post-inoculation. Geese placed in contact with inoculated geese and control animals did not exhibit USUV in their internal organs or plasma and lacked USUV-specific antibodies. This experiment shows that USUV is able to replicate in geese, but does not induce clinical disease, is unlikely to induce mortality, and only infrequently leads to viraemia or virus shedding.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125862383" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc56e90182a9aaf4d764f70151afe05e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119830108,"asset_id":125862383,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119830108/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="198073101" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NorbertNowotny">Norbert Nowotny</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="198073101" type="text/json">{"id":198073101,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Nowotny","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NorbertNowotny","display_name":"Norbert Nowotny","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NorbertNowotny?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125862383 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125862383"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125862383, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125862383", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125862383]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125862383").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125862383").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125862383"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8089" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology">Virology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8089" type="text/json">{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12071" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12071" type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125862383]'), work: {"id":125862383,"title":"Limited Pathogenicity of Usutu Virus for the Domestic Goose (Anser anser f. domestica) Following Experimental Inoculation","created_at":"2024-11-26T08:43:22.101-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125862383/Limited_Pathogenicity_of_Usutu_Virus_for_the_Domestic_Goose_Anser_anser_f_domestica_Following_Experimental_Inoculation?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125862383","summary":"Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, which has been associated with avian mortality in Austria since 2001. The affected birds are predominantly Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). In the present study, the pathogenicity of USUV for domestic geese (Anser anser f. domestica) was investigated. Eleven 2-week-old geese were inoculated intramuscularly with 5 • 10 4 50% tissue culture infectious dose of USUV strain Vienna-2001 blackbird. No clinical signs were seen during the observation period. Four inoculated and one in-contact geese died without preceding clinical signs. Two of the deaths could be attributed to bacterial septicaemia and strangulation, respectively. The cause of death of two experimental and one in-contact animals remained unclear, but lack of evidence for viral lesions and viral antigen in their tissues argued against association with the USUV infection. Although in organs of the majority of inoculated geese (9/11) USUV was detected by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry for USUV antigen was negative in all tissues of all geese. Evidence of plasma viraemia or viral excretion was found in one goose only. Seroconversion was detected in three inoculated geese 10 days post-inoculation. Geese placed in contact with inoculated geese and control animals did not exhibit USUV in their internal organs or plasma and lacked USUV-specific antibodies. This experiment shows that USUV is able to replicate in geese, but does not induce clinical disease, is unlikely to induce mortality, and only infrequently leads to viraemia or virus shedding.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119830108,"asset_id":125862383,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":198073101,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Nowotny","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NorbertNowotny","display_name":"Norbert Nowotny","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NorbertNowotny?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3345"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=3345"},{"id":66089,"name":"Tissue culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tissue_culture?f_ri=3345"},{"id":231587,"name":"Geese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geese?f_ri=3345"},{"id":366620,"name":"POULTRY DISEASES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POULTRY_DISEASES?f_ri=3345"},{"id":413804,"name":"Inoculation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inoculation?f_ri=3345"},{"id":469102,"name":"Feces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feces?f_ri=3345"},{"id":521860,"name":"Flavivirus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavivirus?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":988725,"name":"Clinical Signs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Signs?f_ri=3345"},{"id":1193376,"name":"Japanese Encephalitis Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japanese_Encephalitis_Virus?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3067128,"name":"reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/reverse_transcriptase_polymerase_chain_reaction?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3197604,"name":"Cause of death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cause_of_death?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3733440,"name":"GOOSE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GOOSE?f_ri=3345"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125852237" data-work_id="125852237" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125852237/Adjudication_and_institutionalisation_of_the_Portuguese_system_of_industrial_relations_the_soft_law_of_the_International_Labour_Organization_procedures_for_complaints_and_representations">Adjudication and institutionalisation of the Portuguese system of industrial relations: the soft law of the International Labour Organization procedures for complaints and representations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The conflict is a basic structural and integral element of both labour relations and labour law. The transnational solutions for labour conflicts have an increasing complementary role to national systems, mainly in the today’s context of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125852237" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The conflict is a basic structural and integral element of both labour relations and labour law. The transnational solutions for labour conflicts have an increasing complementary role to national systems, mainly in the today’s context of globalisation and transnationalisation of industrial relations. For this purpose, the International Labour Organization (ILO), an agency of transnational labour conflicts regulation and a supervising entity of core labour standards enforcement, has implemented supervisory mechanisms either special (complaints and representations) or regular (regular supervisory system). Drawing on the documentary analysis of all the complaints and representations procedures, we intend to clarify the relationship between Portugal and ILO, particularly after 1974. The use of this mechanism reveals emerging social tensions within industrial relations systems, as well as it shows the international projection of the conflicts of interest and expresses the demand for tran...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125852237" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ca46e167d621f178390d3883c6db1f0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119821400,"asset_id":125852237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119821400/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41675265" href="https://uc-pt.academia.edu/Ant%C3%B3nioFerreira">António Casimiro Ferreira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41675265" type="text/json">{"id":41675265,"first_name":"António Casimiro","last_name":"Ferreira","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"AntónioFerreira","display_name":"António Casimiro Ferreira","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/Ant%C3%B3nioFerreira?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41675265/20390137/20064394/s65_ant_nio_casimiro.ferreira.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125852237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125852237"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125852237, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125852237", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125852237]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125852237").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125852237").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125852237"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1456" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese">Portuguese</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1456" type="text/json">{"id":1456,"name":"Portuguese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3357" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Relations">Industrial Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3357" type="text/json">{"id":3357,"name":"Industrial Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Relations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5844" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labour_Law">Labour Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5844" type="text/json">{"id":5844,"name":"Labour Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labour_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125852237]'), work: {"id":125852237,"title":"Adjudication and institutionalisation of the Portuguese system of industrial relations: the soft law of the International Labour Organization procedures for complaints and representations","created_at":"2024-11-26T00:53:03.711-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125852237/Adjudication_and_institutionalisation_of_the_Portuguese_system_of_industrial_relations_the_soft_law_of_the_International_Labour_Organization_procedures_for_complaints_and_representations?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125852237","summary":"The conflict is a basic structural and integral element of both labour relations and labour law. The transnational solutions for labour conflicts have an increasing complementary role to national systems, mainly in the today’s context of globalisation and transnationalisation of industrial relations. For this purpose, the International Labour Organization (ILO), an agency of transnational labour conflicts regulation and a supervising entity of core labour standards enforcement, has implemented supervisory mechanisms either special (complaints and representations) or regular (regular supervisory system). Drawing on the documentary analysis of all the complaints and representations procedures, we intend to clarify the relationship between Portugal and ILO, particularly after 1974. The use of this mechanism reveals emerging social tensions within industrial relations systems, as well as it shows the international projection of the conflicts of interest and expresses the demand for tran...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119821400,"asset_id":125852237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41675265,"first_name":"António Casimiro","last_name":"Ferreira","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"AntónioFerreira","display_name":"António Casimiro Ferreira","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/Ant%C3%B3nioFerreira?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41675265/20390137/20064394/s65_ant_nio_casimiro.ferreira.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1456,"name":"Portuguese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3357,"name":"Industrial Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Relations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":5844,"name":"Labour Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labour_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":211038,"name":"Institutionalisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Institutionalisation?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125823494" data-work_id="125823494" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125823494/Your_Neighbours_Growth_Doesnt_Always_Matter_an_Empirical_Study_of_45_Transition_Economies">Your Neighbours' Growth Doesn't Always Matter - an Empirical Study of 45 Transition Economies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">On the occasion of the 25 th anniversary of the regime change in the communist world, and the 20 th anniversary of Poland' s membership in OECD, this paper looks at the growth performance of the former post-socialist countries by using a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125823494" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">On the occasion of the 25 th anniversary of the regime change in the communist world, and the 20 th anniversary of Poland' s membership in OECD, this paper looks at the growth performance of the former post-socialist countries by using a much larger sample than earlier studies. These economies are located geographically very far from each other, and thus, they are imbedded in regions with different growth record. The paper examines whether the growth spillover effect from the neighbourhood is important enough to explain the vastly different catching-up performances of 45 different post-socialist economies (PSEs). The econometric investigations led to divergent findings. For the sample as a whole, the spillover effect does not carry the same significance as compared to the importance of the initial development level in 1989. We also found a small, but statistically significant negative impact of nation-building for those countries which were newly (re)created. Relative to all these factors, the impact of being a landlocked country or having or not having a rich natural resource endowment does not seem to have a significant effect either. The neighbourhood effect for PSEs is statistically significant, but this is not the case for 23 OECD countries which didn't have a communist past in their recent history. But the initial development level (1989) had more impact on growth in the case of OECD countries, than in PSE economies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125823494" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cfe1ca7b6fb57428438afbdd58f438b3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119796816,"asset_id":125823494,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119796816/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42180948" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PeterMihalyi">Peter Mihalyi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42180948" type="text/json">{"id":42180948,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Mihalyi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PeterMihalyi","display_name":"Peter Mihalyi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PeterMihalyi?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42180948/11470726/12794095/s65_peter.mihalyi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125823494 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125823494"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125823494, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125823494", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125823494 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125823494; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125823494"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125823494 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125823494"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125823494; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125823494]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125823494").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125823494").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125823494"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125823494]'), work: {"id":125823494,"title":"Your Neighbours' Growth Doesn't Always Matter - an Empirical Study of 45 Transition Economies","created_at":"2024-11-25T01:23:46.239-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125823494/Your_Neighbours_Growth_Doesnt_Always_Matter_an_Empirical_Study_of_45_Transition_Economies?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125823494","summary":"On the occasion of the 25 th anniversary of the regime change in the communist world, and the 20 th anniversary of Poland' s membership in OECD, this paper looks at the growth performance of the former post-socialist countries by using a much larger sample than earlier studies. These economies are located geographically very far from each other, and thus, they are imbedded in regions with different growth record. The paper examines whether the growth spillover effect from the neighbourhood is important enough to explain the vastly different catching-up performances of 45 different post-socialist economies (PSEs). The econometric investigations led to divergent findings. For the sample as a whole, the spillover effect does not carry the same significance as compared to the importance of the initial development level in 1989. We also found a small, but statistically significant negative impact of nation-building for those countries which were newly (re)created. Relative to all these factors, the impact of being a landlocked country or having or not having a rich natural resource endowment does not seem to have a significant effect either. The neighbourhood effect for PSEs is statistically significant, but this is not the case for 23 OECD countries which didn't have a communist past in their recent history. But the initial development level (1989) had more impact on growth in the case of OECD countries, than in PSE economies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119796816,"asset_id":125823494,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42180948,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Mihalyi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PeterMihalyi","display_name":"Peter Mihalyi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PeterMihalyi?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42180948/11470726/12794095/s65_peter.mihalyi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125822578" data-work_id="125822578" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125822578/Border_Studies">Border Studies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the last two decades, a novel interdisciplinary field of inquiry has emerged under the label of Border Studies. This area of research has mainly reflected on the nature and functionalities of borders and boundaries, bringing up... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125822578" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the last two decades, a novel interdisciplinary field of inquiry has emerged under the label of Border Studies. This area of research has mainly reflected on the nature and functionalities of borders and boundaries, bringing up discussions on space, politics, economics, and culture. In particular, Border Studies have significantly contributed to the understanding of the role of borders in shaping migratory movements. In order to map this very large field of investigation, numerous state of the art reviews have been published. However, none of the reviews encountered has addressed the following issues: first, the main assumptions informing different theoretical perspectives in Border Studies; second, the application of Border Studies to analyse human mobility in the Global South. Thus, in order to participate in producing a more complete understanding of the knowledge produced in this field, the present paper pursues a pair of objectives. One objective is to critically present the...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125822578" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="364b07659818d240efe81a57609e88b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119796001,"asset_id":125822578,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119796001/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="174271299" href="https://independent.academia.edu/stefaniadonzelli">stefania donzelli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="174271299" type="text/json">{"id":174271299,"first_name":"stefania","last_name":"donzelli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"stefaniadonzelli","display_name":"stefania donzelli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/stefaniadonzelli?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125822578 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125822578"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125822578, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125822578", }); 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This area of research has mainly reflected on the nature and functionalities of borders and boundaries, bringing up discussions on space, politics, economics, and culture. In particular, Border Studies have significantly contributed to the understanding of the role of borders in shaping migratory movements. In order to map this very large field of investigation, numerous state of the art reviews have been published. However, none of the reviews encountered has addressed the following issues: first, the main assumptions informing different theoretical perspectives in Border Studies; second, the application of Border Studies to analyse human mobility in the Global South. Thus, in order to participate in producing a more complete understanding of the knowledge produced in this field, the present paper pursues a pair of objectives. 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Linee guida e raccomandazioni</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Sintesi L'antisemitismo ha attraversato molte epoche storiche e regioni geografiche, assumendo forme diverse, dai pregiudizi antichi ai moderni discorsi d'odio online. Oggi le comunità ebraiche continuano a confrontarsi con sfide... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125680313" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sintesi <br />L'antisemitismo ha attraversato molte epoche storiche e regioni geografiche, assumendo forme diverse, dai pregiudizi antichi ai moderni discorsi d'odio online. Oggi le comunità ebraiche continuano a confrontarsi con sfide crescenti, tra cui un recente aumento degli episodi di antisemitismo in tutto il mondo. Dopo gli eventi del 7 ottobre, si è registrato un significativo incremento della retorica antisemita, alimentata da disinformazione e teorie del complotto. Le piattaforme di social media, in particolare TikTok, giocano un ruolo cruciale sia nella diffusione che nel contrasto dell'odio. Questo rapporto evidenzia l'importanza di utilizzare la tecnologia e i social media per combattere l'antisemitismo e dimostra come TikTok possa essere una potente piattaforma per promuovere la tolleranza e l'inclusività attraverso campagne educative.<br />Perché TikTok<br />TikTok è stato scelto come piattaforma per sviluppare una campagna sui social media contro l'antisemitismo grazie alla sua ampia portata globale e alla sua capacità unica di coinvolgere il pubblico più giovane. Con oltre un miliardo di utenti attivi, la distribuzione dei contenuti guidata dagli algoritmi di TikTok permette ai messaggi di diffondersi rapidamente e in modo capillare, rendendolo un potente strumento di sensibilizzazione e promozione dell'educazione. Il formato multimediale della piattaforma, che combina brevi video con musica, testo e immagini creative, consente di creare contenuti avvincenti e coinvolgenti, in grado di connettersi con gli utenti sia a livello emotivo che intellettuale. L'influenza di TikTok sulle tendenze e le sfide virali la rende, inoltre, una piattaforma ideale per diffondere messaggi positivi, contrastare le narrazioni antisemite e promuovere la tolleranza e l'inclusività in modo accessibile e d'impatto.<br />Focus dello studio<br />L'antisemitismo è un problema globale che colpisce le comunità ebraiche in modo diverso nei vari Paesi, a seconda del contesto storico e del ruolo della politica nella persecuzione degli ebrei. Studi recenti evidenziano la persistenza di atteggiamenti antisemiti in Europa, con una particolare incidenza nell'Europa orientale. Sebbene l'Italia presenti livelli relativamente bassi di antisemitismo, le tendenze recenti mostrano un aumento degli incidenti legati all'antisionismo. Questo rapporto si concentra su come campagne personalizzate sui social media possano affrontare le narrazioni antisemite specifiche di ogni regione, presentando studi di caso sull'Italia, l'Ungheria e i Paesi di Visegrád, e offre una guida pratica sull'uso di TikTok per combattere l'antisemitismo attraverso contenuti educativi mirati.<br />Come progettare e realizzare la campagna<br />Per progettare e realizzare una campagna efficace sui social media contro l'antisemitismo, è fondamentale iniziare definendo obiettivi chiari e creando messaggi chiave. Un aspetto essenziale è la scelta degli approcci comunicativi più adatti, che possono includere strategie come lo sfatare i miti, le contro-narrative, la decostruzione e la riformulazione delle narrazioni antisemite, l'utilizzo di storie personali, le collaborazioni con influencer, e persino l'uso dell'umorismo e del dialogo. Il rapporto offre anche indicazioni specifiche per le campagne mirate alla distorsione della Shoah e all'antisionismo, oltre a raccomandazioni tecniche su come sfruttare al meglio le funzionalità e gli strumenti di comunicazione unici di TikTok. 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125680313]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125680313").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125680313").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125680313"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5531" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism_Prejudice_">Antisemitism (Prejudice)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5531" type="text/json">{"id":5531,"name":"Antisemitism (Prejudice)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism_Prejudice_?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9246" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media">Social Media</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9246" type="text/json">{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3286728" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TikTok-1">TikTok</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3286728" type="text/json">{"id":3286728,"name":"TikTok","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TikTok-1?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125680313]'), work: {"id":125680313,"title":"Come progettare una campagna di social media su TikTok per combattere l'antisemitismo online. Linee guida e raccomandazioni","created_at":"2024-11-19T01:24:09.459-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125680313/Come_progettare_una_campagna_di_social_media_su_TikTok_per_combattere_lantisemitismo_online_Linee_guida_e_raccomandazioni?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125680313","summary":"Sintesi \nL'antisemitismo ha attraversato molte epoche storiche e regioni geografiche, assumendo forme diverse, dai pregiudizi antichi ai moderni discorsi d'odio online. Oggi le comunità ebraiche continuano a confrontarsi con sfide crescenti, tra cui un recente aumento degli episodi di antisemitismo in tutto il mondo. Dopo gli eventi del 7 ottobre, si è registrato un significativo incremento della retorica antisemita, alimentata da disinformazione e teorie del complotto. Le piattaforme di social media, in particolare TikTok, giocano un ruolo cruciale sia nella diffusione che nel contrasto dell'odio. Questo rapporto evidenzia l'importanza di utilizzare la tecnologia e i social media per combattere l'antisemitismo e dimostra come TikTok possa essere una potente piattaforma per promuovere la tolleranza e l'inclusività attraverso campagne educative.\nPerché TikTok\nTikTok è stato scelto come piattaforma per sviluppare una campagna sui social media contro l'antisemitismo grazie alla sua ampia portata globale e alla sua capacità unica di coinvolgere il pubblico più giovane. Con oltre un miliardo di utenti attivi, la distribuzione dei contenuti guidata dagli algoritmi di TikTok permette ai messaggi di diffondersi rapidamente e in modo capillare, rendendolo un potente strumento di sensibilizzazione e promozione dell'educazione. Il formato multimediale della piattaforma, che combina brevi video con musica, testo e immagini creative, consente di creare contenuti avvincenti e coinvolgenti, in grado di connettersi con gli utenti sia a livello emotivo che intellettuale. L'influenza di TikTok sulle tendenze e le sfide virali la rende, inoltre, una piattaforma ideale per diffondere messaggi positivi, contrastare le narrazioni antisemite e promuovere la tolleranza e l'inclusività in modo accessibile e d'impatto.\nFocus dello studio\nL'antisemitismo è un problema globale che colpisce le comunità ebraiche in modo diverso nei vari Paesi, a seconda del contesto storico e del ruolo della politica nella persecuzione degli ebrei. Studi recenti evidenziano la persistenza di atteggiamenti antisemiti in Europa, con una particolare incidenza nell'Europa orientale. Sebbene l'Italia presenti livelli relativamente bassi di antisemitismo, le tendenze recenti mostrano un aumento degli incidenti legati all'antisionismo. Questo rapporto si concentra su come campagne personalizzate sui social media possano affrontare le narrazioni antisemite specifiche di ogni regione, presentando studi di caso sull'Italia, l'Ungheria e i Paesi di Visegrád, e offre una guida pratica sull'uso di TikTok per combattere l'antisemitismo attraverso contenuti educativi mirati.\nCome progettare e realizzare la campagna\nPer progettare e realizzare una campagna efficace sui social media contro l'antisemitismo, è fondamentale iniziare definendo obiettivi chiari e creando messaggi chiave. Un aspetto essenziale è la scelta degli approcci comunicativi più adatti, che possono includere strategie come lo sfatare i miti, le contro-narrative, la decostruzione e la riformulazione delle narrazioni antisemite, l'utilizzo di storie personali, le collaborazioni con influencer, e persino l'uso dell'umorismo e del dialogo. Il rapporto offre anche indicazioni specifiche per le campagne mirate alla distorsione della Shoah e all'antisionismo, oltre a raccomandazioni tecniche su come sfruttare al meglio le funzionalità e gli strumenti di comunicazione unici di TikTok. Lo studio si completa con un elenco di risorse e analisi dettagliate disponibili nelle Appendici. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119679440,"asset_id":125680313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3588652,"first_name":"Stefania","last_name":"Manca","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"StefaniaManca","display_name":"Stefania Manca","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/StefaniaManca?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3588652/1248748/2714181/s65_stefania.manca.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5531,"name":"Antisemitism (Prejudice)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism_Prejudice_?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3286728,"name":"TikTok","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TikTok-1?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125658332" data-work_id="125658332" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125658332/Horizontal_Review_between_International_Organizations_A_Rejoinder_to_Rosa_Raffaelli">Horizontal Review between International Organizations: A Rejoinder to Rosa Raffaelli</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125658332" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="979d97e1f65d6de5599bb0f19e93c4a9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119661473,"asset_id":125658332,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119661473/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="321217742" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RosaRaffaelli">Rosa Raffaelli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="321217742" type="text/json">{"id":321217742,"first_name":"Rosa","last_name":"Raffaelli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RosaRaffaelli","display_name":"Rosa Raffaelli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RosaRaffaelli?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125658332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125658332"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125658332, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125658332", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125658332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125658332]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125658332").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125658332").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125658332"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1306" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Law">European Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1306" type="text/json">{"id":1306,"name":"European Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125658332]'), work: {"id":125658332,"title":"Horizontal Review between International Organizations: A Rejoinder to Rosa Raffaelli","created_at":"2024-11-18T06:33:22.245-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125658332/Horizontal_Review_between_International_Organizations_A_Rejoinder_to_Rosa_Raffaelli?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125658332","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119661473,"asset_id":125658332,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":321217742,"first_name":"Rosa","last_name":"Raffaelli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RosaRaffaelli","display_name":"Rosa Raffaelli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RosaRaffaelli?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":1306,"name":"European Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345"},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=3345"},{"id":17018,"name":"Music and identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_and_identity?f_ri=3345"},{"id":43580,"name":"Council of Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Council_of_Europe?f_ri=3345"},{"id":72274,"name":"Parliament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parliament?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"},{"id":901526,"name":"Action (Physics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Action_Physics_?f_ri=3345"},{"id":999732,"name":"Statute","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statute?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125634879" data-work_id="125634879" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125634879/The_Alpha_21264_a_500_MHz_out_of_order_execution_microprocessor">The Alpha 21264: a 500 MHz out-of-order execution microprocessor</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="302471115" href="https://independent.academia.edu/razdanrahul">rahul razdan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="302471115" type="text/json">{"id":302471115,"first_name":"rahul","last_name":"razdan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"razdanrahul","display_name":"rahul razdan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/razdanrahul?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/302471115/147663567/137217201/s65_rahul.razdan.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125634879 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" 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data-has-card-for-ri="422" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57803" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microprocessor">Microprocessor</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57803" type="text/json">{"id":57803,"name":"Microprocessor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microprocessor?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="297691" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_performance">High performance</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="297691" type="text/json">{"id":297691,"name":"High performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_performance?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125634879]'), work: {"id":125634879,"title":"The Alpha 21264: a 500 MHz out-of-order execution 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Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125568421" data-work_id="125568421" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125568421/ECOWAS_and_Democratic_Reversal_in_West_Africa_Re_visiting_Military_Incursion_on_the_State_Leadership">ECOWAS and Democratic Reversal in West Africa: Re-visiting Military Incursion on the State Leadership</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper explores the major impediments to democracy in West Africa as some states are trapped in a reversed democratic experience where the military have consistently made efforts to take over power. It examines the character and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125568421" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper explores the major impediments to democracy in West Africa as some states are trapped in a reversed democratic experience where the military have consistently made efforts to take over power. It examines the character and nature of democracy in West Africa using system theory as a tool of analysis. It also assesses the role of Economic Community for West African State (ECOWAS) in promoting and protecting democracy in West Africa considering various interventions and conferences held to safeguard it. Methodologically, it employs the use of descriptive analysis relying solely on secondary information for data generation and articulation. It discovers that despite all the efforts ECOWAS is making, African leaders are not living up to their mandate. It is in line with this that the research states that the problem remains a systemic one. It thus, recommends that there should be a concerted effort to commit concerned bodies into employing legal means in addressing similar reve...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125568421" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6da5fc2906076e888156979ac204196" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119588179,"asset_id":125568421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119588179/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="320683787" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UzodinmaChukwuemekaOkafor">Uzodinma Chukwuemeka Okafor</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="320683787" type="text/json">{"id":320683787,"first_name":"Uzodinma Chukwuemeka","last_name":"Okafor","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UzodinmaChukwuemekaOkafor","display_name":"Uzodinma Chukwuemeka Okafor","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UzodinmaChukwuemekaOkafor?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/320683787/162997732/152779239/s65_uzodinma_chukwuemeka.okafor.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125568421 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125568421"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125568421, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125568421", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125568421]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125568421").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125568421").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125568421"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="379" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies">African Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="379" type="text/json">{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125568421]'), work: {"id":125568421,"title":"ECOWAS and Democratic Reversal in West Africa: Re-visiting Military Incursion on the State Leadership","created_at":"2024-11-15T03:55:55.599-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125568421/ECOWAS_and_Democratic_Reversal_in_West_Africa_Re_visiting_Military_Incursion_on_the_State_Leadership?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125568421","summary":"This paper explores the major impediments to democracy in West Africa as some states are trapped in a reversed democratic experience where the military have consistently made efforts to take over power. It examines the character and nature of democracy in West Africa using system theory as a tool of analysis. It also assesses the role of Economic Community for West African State (ECOWAS) in promoting and protecting democracy in West Africa considering various interventions and conferences held to safeguard it. Methodologically, it employs the use of descriptive analysis relying solely on secondary information for data generation and articulation. It discovers that despite all the efforts ECOWAS is making, African leaders are not living up to their mandate. It is in line with this that the research states that the problem remains a systemic one. It thus, recommends that there should be a concerted effort to commit concerned bodies into employing legal means in addressing similar reve...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119588179,"asset_id":125568421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":320683787,"first_name":"Uzodinma Chukwuemeka","last_name":"Okafor","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UzodinmaChukwuemekaOkafor","display_name":"Uzodinma Chukwuemeka Okafor","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UzodinmaChukwuemekaOkafor?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/320683787/162997732/152779239/s65_uzodinma_chukwuemeka.okafor.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4527,"name":"Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa?f_ri=3345"},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=3345"},{"id":922368,"name":"Mandate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mandate?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125567257" data-work_id="125567257" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125567257/Parliament_and_the_Protection_of_Human_Rights_The_Case_of_the_Public_Defender_of_Rights_in_Slovakia">Parliament and the Protection of Human Rights: The Case of the ‘Public Defender of Rights’ in Slovakia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article explores the role of the ‘Public Defender of Rights’ (verejný ochranca práv—VOP) within the Slovak political system and its relationship with the Parliament. It comprehensively examines the complex interactions between these... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125567257" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article explores the role of the ‘Public Defender of Rights’ (verejný ochranca práv—VOP) within the Slovak political system and its relationship with the Parliament. It comprehensively examines the complex interactions between these two institutions, shedding light on the limitations of the VOP in a country where the Parliament plays a pivotal role in the political system. These dynamics have profound implications for the protection of human rights. The analysis presented in this article is grounded in various sources, including laws, transcripts from parliamentary debates, government documents, reports from the VOP, media coverage, interviews, as well as decisions from the Constitutional Court.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125567257" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6e26c836dd764b7c90954d0052dfaabc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119587099,"asset_id":125567257,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119587099/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27986912" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/MarianSekerak">Marián Sekerák</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27986912" type="text/json">{"id":27986912,"first_name":"Marián","last_name":"Sekerák","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MarianSekerak","display_name":"Marián Sekerák","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MarianSekerak?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27986912/7935098/35643860/s65_mari_n.seker_k.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125567257 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125567257"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125567257, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125567257", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125567257 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125567257; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125567257"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125567257 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125567257"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125567257; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125567257]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125567257").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125567257").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125567257"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10993" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parliamentary_Studies">Parliamentary Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10993" type="text/json">{"id":10993,"name":"Parliamentary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parliamentary_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15419" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rule_of_Law">Rule of Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15419" type="text/json">{"id":15419,"name":"Rule of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rule_of_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="63143" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="63143" type="text/json">{"id":63143,"name":"Ombudsman","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ombudsman?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125567257]'), work: {"id":125567257,"title":"Parliament and the Protection of Human Rights: The Case of the ‘Public Defender of Rights’ in Slovakia","created_at":"2024-11-15T03:07:43.205-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125567257/Parliament_and_the_Protection_of_Human_Rights_The_Case_of_the_Public_Defender_of_Rights_in_Slovakia?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125567257","summary":"This article explores the role of the ‘Public Defender of Rights’ (verejný ochranca práv—VOP) within the Slovak political system and its relationship with the Parliament. It comprehensively examines the complex interactions between these two institutions, shedding light on the limitations of the VOP in a country where the Parliament plays a pivotal role in the political system. These dynamics have profound implications for the protection of human rights. The analysis presented in this article is grounded in various sources, including laws, transcripts from parliamentary debates, government documents, reports from the VOP, media coverage, interviews, as well as decisions from the Constitutional Court.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119587099,"asset_id":125567257,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27986912,"first_name":"Marián","last_name":"Sekerák","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MarianSekerak","display_name":"Marián Sekerák","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MarianSekerak?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27986912/7935098/35643860/s65_mari_n.seker_k.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":10993,"name":"Parliamentary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parliamentary_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":15419,"name":"Rule of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rule_of_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":63143,"name":"Ombudsman","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ombudsman?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":314739,"name":"Slovakia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slovakia?f_ri=3345"},{"id":422792,"name":"Slovakia politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slovakia_politics?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125553082" data-work_id="125553082" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125553082/Production_and_uses_of_expertise_by_international_bureaucracies">Production and uses of expertise by international bureaucracies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125553082" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6319ffcc5256edb7187d5cc2b5759e04" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119575006,"asset_id":125553082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119575006/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="280348480" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ALittozMonnet">Annabelle Littoz-Monnet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="280348480" type="text/json">{"id":280348480,"first_name":"Annabelle","last_name":"Littoz-Monnet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ALittozMonnet","display_name":"Annabelle Littoz-Monnet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ALittozMonnet?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/280348480/128747084/118142409/s65_annabelle.littoz-monnet.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125553082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125553082"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125553082, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125553082", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125553082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125553082; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125553082"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125553082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125553082"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125553082; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125553082]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125553082").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125553082").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125553082"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61714" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production_economics">Production economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61714" type="text/json">{"id":61714,"name":"Production economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production_economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bureaucracy">Bureaucracy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78388" type="text/json">{"id":78388,"name":"Bureaucracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bureaucracy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125553082]'), work: {"id":125553082,"title":"Production and uses of expertise by international bureaucracies","created_at":"2024-11-14T13:43:35.656-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125553082/Production_and_uses_of_expertise_by_international_bureaucracies?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125553082","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119575006,"asset_id":125553082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":280348480,"first_name":"Annabelle","last_name":"Littoz-Monnet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ALittozMonnet","display_name":"Annabelle Littoz-Monnet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ALittozMonnet?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/280348480/128747084/118142409/s65_annabelle.littoz-monnet.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":61714,"name":"Production economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production_economics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":78388,"name":"Bureaucracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bureaucracy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":334998,"name":"Politics of Expertise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics_of_Expertise?f_ri=3345"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125552038" data-work_id="125552038" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125552038/Ukrayna_Rusya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Ukrayna_Halk%C4%B1na_Ekonomik_ve_Psikolojik_Etkileri_Sosyolojik_Bir_%C4%B0nceleme">Ukrayna-Rusya Savaşının Ukrayna Halkına Ekonomik ve Psikolojik Etkileri Sosyolojik Bir İnceleme</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Özet Ukrayna-Rusya savaşı, Ukrayna halkının ekonomik, sosyal ve psikolojik hayatında derin yaralar açmıştır. Ekonomik istikrarsızlık, yüksek enflasyon, işsizlik ve yoksulluk gibi sorunlar, halkın yaşam standartlarını önemli ölçüde... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125552038" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Özet<br />Ukrayna-Rusya savaşı, Ukrayna halkının ekonomik, sosyal ve psikolojik hayatında derin yaralar açmıştır. Ekonomik istikrarsızlık, yüksek enflasyon, işsizlik ve yoksulluk gibi sorunlar, halkın yaşam standartlarını önemli ölçüde düşürmüş ve toplumsal eşitsizliği daha da artırmıştır. Bu ekonomik zorluklar, bireylerin temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamasını güçleştirirken, aynı zamanda sosyal ve kültürel dokunun zayıflamasına da neden olmuştur. Özellikle mülksüzleşme ve göç gibi zorunlu hareketlilikler, bireylerin toplumsal aidiyet duygusunu zedelemiş ve sosyal bağların zayıflamasına yol açmıştır.<br />Psikolojik açıdan ise savaş, halk üzerinde ciddi travmatik etkiler bırakmış; bireylerde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (PTSD), anksiyete ve depresyon gibi ruh sağlığı sorunlarının yaygınlaşmasına neden olmuştur. Sürekli bir güvensizlik ortamında yaşamak, bireylerin geleceğe dair umutlarını zayıflatmış ve toplumsal güvensizlik duygusunu artırmıştır. Çatışmaların şiddeti arttıkça, Ukrayna halkının ruh sağlığını koruma konusunda verilen mücadele de büyümüş, psikolojik destek ve toplumsal dayanışma mekanizmaları giderek daha önemli hale gelmiştir.<br />Bununla birlikte, Ukrayna halkı arasında dayanışma, birlik ve ulusal kimlik duygusu güçlenmiştir. Bu süreçte halk, ortak acıların üstesinden gelme konusunda daha güçlü bir dayanışma göstererek, savaşın yarattığı zorluklara karşı direnç geliştirmiştir. Komşular, aileler ve toplum içinde oluşan bu dayanışma ruhu, savaşın olumsuz etkilerini bir nebze de olsa hafifletmeye yardımcı olmuş; aynı zamanda bireylerin toplum içinde güven ve destek bulmalarını sağlamıştır. Dayanışmanın yanı sıra, ulusal kimlik ve bağımsızlık mücadelesi Ukrayna halkının motivasyonunu artırmış, zor zamanlarda bir arada durmalarını kolaylaştırmıştır.<br />Bu çalışma, Ukrayna halkının savaş sürecinde karşı karşıya kaldığı ekonomik ve psikolojik etkileri analiz ederek, toplumsal yapının savaş döneminde nasıl dönüşüme uğradığını göstermektedir. Ekonomik yıkım ve psikolojik yükler, ülke genelinde derin yaralar bıraksa da; halkın direnci, dayanışması ve geleceğe dair umudu, Ukrayna toplumunun savaş sonrası yeniden inşa sürecinde önemli bir rol oynayacaktır. Uzun vadede, Ukrayna halkının bu zorlu dönemden güçlenerek çıkabileceği; ancak bunun için etkin sosyal destek sistemleri, ekonomik iyileştirme programları ve psikolojik rehabilitasyon süreçlerinin sağlanması gerektiği açıktır.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125552038" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de7abfc885f0eed5197905cbd3221820" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119574137,"asset_id":125552038,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119574137/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="330983632" href="https://pamukkale.academia.edu/MSubay">Mustafa Subay</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="330983632" type="text/json">{"id":330983632,"first_name":"Mustafa","last_name":"Subay","domain_name":"pamukkale","page_name":"MSubay","display_name":"Mustafa Subay","profile_url":"https://pamukkale.academia.edu/MSubay?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/330983632/171695619/161691154/s65_mustafa.subay.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125552038 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125552038"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125552038, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125552038", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125552038]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125552038").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125552038").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125552038"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="802" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy">Political Economy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="802" type="text/json">{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5821" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Studies">Ukrainian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5821" type="text/json">{"id":5821,"name":"Ukrainian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15455" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_History">Russian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15455" type="text/json">{"id":15455,"name":"Russian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_History?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28981" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Conflict_and_Civil_War">Ethnic Conflict and Civil War</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28981" type="text/json">{"id":28981,"name":"Ethnic Conflict and Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Conflict_and_Civil_War?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125552038]'), work: {"id":125552038,"title":"Ukrayna-Rusya Savaşının Ukrayna Halkına Ekonomik ve Psikolojik Etkileri Sosyolojik Bir İnceleme","created_at":"2024-11-14T12:44:44.079-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125552038/Ukrayna_Rusya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Ukrayna_Halk%C4%B1na_Ekonomik_ve_Psikolojik_Etkileri_Sosyolojik_Bir_%C4%B0nceleme?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125552038","summary":"Özet\nUkrayna-Rusya savaşı, Ukrayna halkının ekonomik, sosyal ve psikolojik hayatında derin yaralar açmıştır. Ekonomik istikrarsızlık, yüksek enflasyon, işsizlik ve yoksulluk gibi sorunlar, halkın yaşam standartlarını önemli ölçüde düşürmüş ve toplumsal eşitsizliği daha da artırmıştır. Bu ekonomik zorluklar, bireylerin temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamasını güçleştirirken, aynı zamanda sosyal ve kültürel dokunun zayıflamasına da neden olmuştur. Özellikle mülksüzleşme ve göç gibi zorunlu hareketlilikler, bireylerin toplumsal aidiyet duygusunu zedelemiş ve sosyal bağların zayıflamasına yol açmıştır.\nPsikolojik açıdan ise savaş, halk üzerinde ciddi travmatik etkiler bırakmış; bireylerde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (PTSD), anksiyete ve depresyon gibi ruh sağlığı sorunlarının yaygınlaşmasına neden olmuştur. Sürekli bir güvensizlik ortamında yaşamak, bireylerin geleceğe dair umutlarını zayıflatmış ve toplumsal güvensizlik duygusunu artırmıştır. Çatışmaların şiddeti arttıkça, Ukrayna halkının ruh sağlığını koruma konusunda verilen mücadele de büyümüş, psikolojik destek ve toplumsal dayanışma mekanizmaları giderek daha önemli hale gelmiştir.\nBununla birlikte, Ukrayna halkı arasında dayanışma, birlik ve ulusal kimlik duygusu güçlenmiştir. Bu süreçte halk, ortak acıların üstesinden gelme konusunda daha güçlü bir dayanışma göstererek, savaşın yarattığı zorluklara karşı direnç geliştirmiştir. Komşular, aileler ve toplum içinde oluşan bu dayanışma ruhu, savaşın olumsuz etkilerini bir nebze de olsa hafifletmeye yardımcı olmuş; aynı zamanda bireylerin toplum içinde güven ve destek bulmalarını sağlamıştır. Dayanışmanın yanı sıra, ulusal kimlik ve bağımsızlık mücadelesi Ukrayna halkının motivasyonunu artırmış, zor zamanlarda bir arada durmalarını kolaylaştırmıştır.\nBu çalışma, Ukrayna halkının savaş sürecinde karşı karşıya kaldığı ekonomik ve psikolojik etkileri analiz ederek, toplumsal yapının savaş döneminde nasıl dönüşüme uğradığını göstermektedir. Ekonomik yıkım ve psikolojik yükler, ülke genelinde derin yaralar bıraksa da; halkın direnci, dayanışması ve geleceğe dair umudu, Ukrayna toplumunun savaş sonrası yeniden inşa sürecinde önemli bir rol oynayacaktır. Uzun vadede, Ukrayna halkının bu zorlu dönemden güçlenerek çıkabileceği; ancak bunun için etkin sosyal destek sistemleri, ekonomik iyileştirme programları ve psikolojik rehabilitasyon süreçlerinin sağlanması gerektiği açıktır.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119574137,"asset_id":125552038,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":330983632,"first_name":"Mustafa","last_name":"Subay","domain_name":"pamukkale","page_name":"MSubay","display_name":"Mustafa Subay","profile_url":"https://pamukkale.academia.edu/MSubay?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/330983632/171695619/161691154/s65_mustafa.subay.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":5821,"name":"Ukrainian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Studies?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":15455,"name":"Russian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_History?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":28981,"name":"Ethnic Conflict and Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Conflict_and_Civil_War?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125539614" data-work_id="125539614" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125539614/From_one_medicine_to_one_health_and_systemic_approaches_to_health_and_well_being">From “one medicine” to “one health” and systemic approaches to health and well-being</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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Serbia)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Rad se bavi analizom međunarodnopravnog položaja ustanickih kao i drugih, primjerice oslobodilackih pokreta u suvremenom međunarodnom pravu, ali i pitanjima njihove odgovornosti za međunarodno protupravne cine, posebice u kontekstu... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125534661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Rad se bavi analizom međunarodnopravnog položaja ustanickih kao i drugih, primjerice oslobodilackih pokreta u suvremenom međunarodnom pravu, ali i pitanjima njihove odgovornosti za međunarodno protupravne cine, posebice u kontekstu tumacenja i primjene odredbi clanka 10. stavaka 1. i 2. Nacrta clanaka o odgovornosti država za međunarodno protupravne cine, koji je izradila Komisija Ujedinjenih naroda za međunarodno pravo 2001. godine. Pritom rad analizira primjenu navedenih odredbi u presudi Međunarodnog suda iz 2015. u sporu o primjeni Konvencije o sprjecavanju i kažnjavanju zlocina genocida između Hrvatske i Srbije, razmatrajuci moguce temelje međunarodnopravne odgovornosti za takve protupravne cine, pocevsi od “pripisivosti”, sukcesije odgovornosti sve do objektivne odgovornosti države u slucaju neuspjeha takva pokreta.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125534661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="70f95aedee9b73f2ac15f8a4723dd208" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119559701,"asset_id":125534661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119559701/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4682184" href="https://pravo.academia.edu/DavorinLapas">Davorin Lapas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4682184" type="text/json">{"id":4682184,"first_name":"Davorin","last_name":"Lapas","domain_name":"pravo","page_name":"DavorinLapas","display_name":"Davorin Lapas","profile_url":"https://pravo.academia.edu/DavorinLapas?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125534661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125534661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125534661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125534661", }); 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Pritom rad analizira primjenu navedenih odredbi u presudi Međunarodnog suda iz 2015. u sporu o primjeni Konvencije o sprjecavanju i kažnjavanju zlocina genocida između Hrvatske i Srbije, razmatrajuci moguce temelje međunarodnopravne odgovornosti za takve protupravne cine, pocevsi od “pripisivosti”, sukcesije odgovornosti sve do objektivne odgovornosti države u slucaju neuspjeha takva pokreta.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119559701,"asset_id":125534661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4682184,"first_name":"Davorin","last_name":"Lapas","domain_name":"pravo","page_name":"DavorinLapas","display_name":"Davorin Lapas","profile_url":"https://pravo.academia.edu/DavorinLapas?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125532568" data-work_id="125532568" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125532568/Negotiations_and_Agreements_Are_Better_Than_Legal_Resolutions_A_Response_To_Professor_John_Quigley">Negotiations and Agreements Are Better Than Legal Resolutions: A Response To Professor John Quigley</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">260 CASE W. RES. J. INT&#x27;LL. [Vol. 32:259 I. Introduction A Comment to Professor John Quigley&#x27;s article1 on the role of law in the permanent settlement in the Israeli - Palestinian conflict is a difficult exercise. This is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125532568" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">260 CASE W. RES. J. INT&#x27;LL. [Vol. 32:259 I. Introduction A Comment to Professor John Quigley&#x27;s article1 on the role of law in the permanent settlement in the Israeli - Palestinian conflict is a difficult exercise. This is because it requires reference to almost each and every legal aspect of ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125532568" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="92d10ef9ef2c056da7d625ebef976ac2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119558111,"asset_id":125532568,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119558111/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26264784" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShimonShetreet">Shimon Shetreet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26264784" type="text/json">{"id":26264784,"first_name":"Shimon","last_name":"Shetreet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ShimonShetreet","display_name":"Shimon Shetreet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShimonShetreet?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125532568 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125532568"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125532568, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125532568", }); 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RES. J. INT\u0026#x27;LL. [Vol. 32:259 I. Introduction A Comment to Professor John Quigley\u0026#x27;s article1 on the role of law in the permanent settlement in the Israeli - Palestinian conflict is a difficult exercise. This is because it requires reference to almost each and every legal aspect of ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119558111,"asset_id":125532568,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26264784,"first_name":"Shimon","last_name":"Shetreet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ShimonShetreet","display_name":"Shimon Shetreet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShimonShetreet?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":10419,"name":"Negotiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Negotiation?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125512092" data-work_id="125512092" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125512092/Rule_of_Law_Peculiarities_of_Kosovo_System">Rule of Law. Peculiarities of Kosovo System</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nowadays there is a general call, of every international institution, meaning EU, and other international mechanism requiring and basing their policies on the principle of conditionality (Pippan, 2004) by urging states to undertake steps... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125512092" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nowadays there is a general call, of every international institution, meaning EU, and other international mechanism requiring and basing their policies on the principle of conditionality (Pippan, 2004) by urging states to undertake steps to fulfill the whole range of political and economic conditions in return for partnership, membership or monetary aid. Conditionality is screened through the new lenses of order and stability based on rule of law, democracy, free market economy, and respect for human rights and minority rights, envisaged as Western values. (Copenhagen Criteria, 1993) To achieve this aim the rule of law is considered as occupying a unique position in a democratic society, therefore it is called upon states to create conditions for reforms on a judiciary as the traditional mechanism to decide on disputes, to protect citizens from the arbitrary political affiliation or private individuals. As such, it fights corruption too. (Un Judge) Simply said it is required from th...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125512092" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="035fa5e2822f3dbbc2e9e11b9047b752" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119541777,"asset_id":125512092,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119541777/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="63138532" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IslamiIliriana">Iliriana Islami</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="63138532" type="text/json">{"id":63138532,"first_name":"Iliriana","last_name":"Islami","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IslamiIliriana","display_name":"Iliriana Islami","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IslamiIliriana?f_ri=3345","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125512092 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125512092"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125512092, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125512092", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125512092 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125512092; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125512092"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125512092 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125512092"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125512092; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125512092]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125512092").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125512092").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125487435" data-work_id="125487435" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125487435/Humanism_Progressive_Philosophy_at_Odds_with_Itself">Humanism: Progressive Philosophy at Odds with Itself</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Humanism is a longstanding intellectual tradition dedicated to moral, aesthetic, and social perfectibility. Classical liberalism and modern libertarianism are products of classical humanist thinking; so is Enlightenment humanism, which... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125487435" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Humanism is a longstanding intellectual tradition dedicated to moral, aesthetic, and social perfectibility. Classical liberalism and modern libertarianism are products of classical humanist thinking; so is Enlightenment humanism, which substituted science and secular reason for theological dogma and ignorant superstition. Today’s progressive humanist movement, by contrast, transcends freedom, liberty, and reason by seeking utopian perfection through flawed secular dogma and compulsory communitarianism. This article traces the development of humanist thinking and argues that humanism’s progressive values cannot be achieved via compulsory means, as evinced by the repeated failure of intellectual attempts to transform functioning societies into social utopias. Perfectibility—within the realm of inherent human possibility—is possible only through the philosophy of classical liberalism.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125487435" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="884de0deedd2a33066bb3139ed0aeafb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119521391,"asset_id":125487435,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119521391/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274048328" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JamesAMontanye">James A. Montanye</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274048328" type="text/json">{"id":274048328,"first_name":"James A.","last_name":"Montanye","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesAMontanye","display_name":"James A. Montanye","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesAMontanye?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274048328/123805706/113157061/s65_james_a..montanye.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125487435 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125487435"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125487435, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125487435", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_125487435 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125487435; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_125487435"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_125487435 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125487435"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125487435; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125487435]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_125487435").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_125487435").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="125487435"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberalism">Liberalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4568" type="text/json">{"id":4568,"name":"Liberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberalism?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6027" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6027" type="text/json">{"id":6027,"name":"Enlightenment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enlightenment?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17440" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanism">Humanism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17440" type="text/json">{"id":17440,"name":"Humanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanism?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=125487435]'), work: {"id":125487435,"title":"Humanism: Progressive Philosophy at Odds with Itself","created_at":"2024-11-12T07:13:48.866-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/125487435/Humanism_Progressive_Philosophy_at_Odds_with_Itself?f_ri=3345","dom_id":"work_125487435","summary":"Humanism is a longstanding intellectual tradition dedicated to moral, aesthetic, and social perfectibility. Classical liberalism and modern libertarianism are products of classical humanist thinking; so is Enlightenment humanism, which substituted science and secular reason for theological dogma and ignorant superstition. Today’s progressive humanist movement, by contrast, transcends freedom, liberty, and reason by seeking utopian perfection through flawed secular dogma and compulsory communitarianism. This article traces the development of humanist thinking and argues that humanism’s progressive values cannot be achieved via compulsory means, as evinced by the repeated failure of intellectual attempts to transform functioning societies into social utopias. Perfectibility—within the realm of inherent human possibility—is possible only through the philosophy of classical liberalism.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119521391,"asset_id":125487435,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274048328,"first_name":"James A.","last_name":"Montanye","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesAMontanye","display_name":"James A. Montanye","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesAMontanye?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274048328/123805706/113157061/s65_james_a..montanye.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":4568,"name":"Liberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberalism?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":6027,"name":"Enlightenment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enlightenment?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":17440,"name":"Humanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanism?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":29070,"name":"Libertarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libertarianism?f_ri=3345"},{"id":742513,"name":"Perfection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perfection?f_ri=3345"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_125460623" data-work_id="125460623" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125460623/Flat_Field_Correction_Pipeline_for_a_Cone_Beam_Computed_Tomography_Imaging_Device_with_Independently_Movable_Source_and_Detector">Flat-Field Correction Pipeline for a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Imaging Device with Independently Movable Source and Detector</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The ImagingRing, a novel cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging device with independently rotatable x-ray source and flat-panel detector arms, allows for planar and CBCT acquisitions of arbitrary regions inside the device’s... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_125460623" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The ImagingRing, a novel cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging device with independently rotatable x-ray source and flat-panel detector arms, allows for planar and CBCT acquisitions of arbitrary regions inside the device’s cylindrical imaging volume. Due to its special geometry, an adjustment of standard methods for generating flat-field planar images is required in order to fit the particular geometric conditions. This work gives an overview of the current implementation of the flat-field correction pipeline for the ImagingRing as well as an outlook to further planned improvements for CBCT enhancing quality.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/125460623" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df3339a6291afea19907ae612e16d7bd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119499219,"asset_id":125460623,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119499219/download_file?st=MTczMzk3NDYwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="111392233" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeinzDeutschmann">Heinz Deutschmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="111392233" type="text/json">{"id":111392233,"first_name":"Heinz","last_name":"Deutschmann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeinzDeutschmann","display_name":"Heinz Deutschmann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeinzDeutschmann?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111392233/76318161/64840850/s65_heinz.deutschmann.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_125460623 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="125460623"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125460623, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_125460623", }); 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Due to its special geometry, an adjustment of standard methods for generating flat-field planar images is required in order to fit the particular geometric conditions. This work gives an overview of the current implementation of the flat-field correction pipeline for the ImagingRing as well as an outlook to further planned improvements for CBCT enhancing quality.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119499219,"asset_id":125460623,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":111392233,"first_name":"Heinz","last_name":"Deutschmann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeinzDeutschmann","display_name":"Heinz Deutschmann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeinzDeutschmann?f_ri=3345","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111392233/76318161/64840850/s65_heinz.deutschmann.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":1116172,"name":"Detector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector?f_ri=3345","nofollow":false},{"id":1789189,"name":"Cone Beam Computed 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