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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-组织" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#组织"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>组织</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-组织-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-公共设施" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#公共设施"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>公共设施</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-公共设施-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>宗教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-天津著名的猶太人" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#天津著名的猶太人"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>天津著名的猶太人</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-天津著名的猶太人-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-内部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#内部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>内部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-内部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">天津犹太移民</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="这篇条目只存在于此语言中。添加其他语言的条目" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">添加语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10940297#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="添加跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">添加链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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/></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0px 5px 5px 5px;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">詞源</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%81%E6%98%AF%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%EF%BC%9F" title="谁是犹太人？">谁是犹太人？</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="犹太文化">文化</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">先祖</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95" title="亞伯拉罕">亞伯拉罕</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E6%92%92" title="以撒">以撒</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84_(%E8%88%8A%E7%B4%84%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93)" title="雅各 (舊約聖經)">雅各</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F_(%E8%88%8A%E7%B4%84%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93)" title="約瑟 (舊約聖經)">約瑟</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A5%BF" title="摩西">摩西</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%E7%8E%8B" title="大衛王">大衛</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80" title="所羅門">所羅門</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">历史</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="犹太人历史">犹太人历史</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="以色列历史">以色列历史</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E4%BA%BA" title="以色列人">以色列人</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%94%AF%E6%B4%BE" title="以色列十二支派">十二支派</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%89%8D%E6%9C%9F)" title="以色列王國 (前期)">以色列王國</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%BE%8C%E6%9C%9F)" title="以色列王國 (後期)">北國以色列</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E8%B9%A4%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8D%81%E6%94%AF%E6%B4%BE" title="失蹤的以色列十支派">失蹤的十支派</a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="猶大王國">南國猶大</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="猶太人大屠殺">猶太人大屠殺</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">典籍與文獻</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E8%AA%A1" title="十誡">十誡</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%B4%8D%E8%B5%AB" title="塔納赫">塔納赫</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%BE%B7" title="塔木德">塔木德</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80" title="米德拉什">米德拉什</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%9B%B8%E6%8B%BF" title="米書拿">米書拿</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A9%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89" title="革馬拉">革馬拉</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">節日</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E4%BE%86%E6%9B%86" title="希伯來曆">希伯來曆</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E4%B8%83%E7%AF%80" title="七七節">七七節</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%BE%E8%B6%8A%E7%AF%80" title="逾越節">逾越節</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A5" title="安息日">安息日</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8F%E6%A3%9A%E7%AF%80" title="住棚節">住棚節</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%96%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5" title="贖罪日">贖罪節</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%8F%A5%E7%AF%80" title="普珥節">普珥節</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E8%8A%82" title="光明节">光明节</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">教派</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%AD%A3%E7%B5%B1%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教正統派">正统派</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教保守派">保守派</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教改革派">改革派</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%80%A0%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="重造派">重造派</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">圣地</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="耶路撒冷">耶路撒冷</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%90%A8%E8%BE%BE" title="马萨达">马萨达</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#0645AD; font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:transparent; text-align:left; padding-left:5px; padding-top:3px;">建築</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-bottom:0.6em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7%E8%81%96%E6%AE%BF" title="耶路撒冷聖殿">聖殿</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%9C%83%E5%A0%82" title="猶太會堂">猶太會堂</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jew" title="Template:Jew"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Jew"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Jew" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Jew"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>天津犹太移民</b>指<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津市</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">犹太人</a>移民。自19世纪60年代至20世纪50年代期间，发生过三次且比较集中的犹太人移民天津的情况，分别为1860年的天津开埠之后、19世纪末20世纪初的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="十月革命">十月革命</a>期间以及20世纪上半叶的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>期间。根据20世纪30年代末期的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>出版物《犹太年鉴》中记载，1935年当年的在天津居住和流动的犹太人总数已经达到了3500人，为在天津犹太人人数的最高纪录。自天津开埠以来，犹太人主要集中居住在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津租界">天津租界</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%93" title="五大道">五大道</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%99%BD%E6%A5%BC" title="小白楼">小白楼</a>一带并形成了一个面积广大的犹太人聚集群落。在天津的犹太人还建立起相对独立的犹太社区，他们在社区内保持着完整的民族生活方式，并使社区内的经济、文化、教育等生活形态逐步建立。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>期间，天津的犹太人社区也维持了原有的存在方式，成为犹太人逃脱纳粹大屠杀的一片避难地。1948年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>建国之后，犹太移民陆续返回以色列，天津的犹太人所开设的医院、学校、俱乐部等先后关闭。历史上，在天津的犹太移民以俄国<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%80%E8%82%AF%E9%82%A3%E9%BD%90%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿什肯那齐犹太人">阿什肯那齐犹太人</a>为主，天津的犹太移民也是继<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E6%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="哈尔滨">哈尔滨</a>之后又一个以阿斯肯那齐（俄国）犹太人为主的犹太社团，亦是中国第四大犹太社团。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="组织"><span id=".E7.BB.84.E7.BB.87"></span>组织</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：组织"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>天津犹太宗教公会：天津犹太宗教公会于1905年成立，当时又称“天津希伯来协会”（Hebrew Association of Tientsin）。设有天津犹太俱乐部、天津犹太医院、天津犹太养老院、天津犹太饭堂和天津犹太公墓等下属福利救济机构。</li> <li>天津犹太慈善协会：天津犹太慈善协会于1932年成立，并于同年11月16日在天津西湖饭店举办慈善募捐舞会筹集善款资助犹太难民。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="公共设施"><span id=".E5.85.AC.E5.85.B1.E8.AE.BE.E6.96.BD"></span>公共设施</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：公共设施"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg/150px-1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg/225px-1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg/300px-1948%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E5%89%8D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption>1948年，天津犹太移民在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>建国时聚集在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="天津犹太教堂">天津犹太教堂</a>前</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>天津犹太学校：天津犹太学校成立于1925年10月，坐落于在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="天津维多利亚道">维多利亚道</a>（今<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%97%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="解放北路">解放北路</a>126号），为天津和华北地区的犹太人子女接受教育的犹太学校。学校设有幼稚园、初等科、中等科和高等科，校图书馆藏书有两千余册。学校教授犹太历史和希伯莱语言文学。</li> <li>天津犹太俱乐部：犹太俱乐部成立于1937年，坐落于在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a>24号路（今曲阜道），为天津犹太移民文化娱乐和社交活动的场所。俱乐部内设有图书馆、剧场、餐厅、棋室、台球室等设施。图书馆藏有500余册希伯莱文、俄文、英文书籍。剧场时常举办戏剧、音乐会和舞蹈表演。</li> <li>天津犹太医院：天津犹太医院成立于1937年，坐落于在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a>66号街，医院面向犹太人病人和中国病人。</li> <li>天津犹太养老院：天津犹太养老院坐落于在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a>41号街，主要收容犹太老人。</li> <li>天津犹太公墓：天津的犹太公墓当时主要有天津犹太公墓和程林庄犹太公墓，主要设在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BF%84%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津俄租界">天津俄租界</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="宗教"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99"></span>宗教</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：宗教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg/180px-%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg/270px-%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg/360px-%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="天津犹太教堂">天津犹太教堂</a></figcaption></figure> <p>1905年，犹太教祭司吉利舍维奇在天津创立犹太宗教公会，并在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a>租赁房屋作为天津犹太教堂。此后，犹太宗教公会成为代表天津犹太侨民的组织机构，主要工作包括：主持宗教活动、管理教堂、登记犹太侨民出生、死亡、结婚和离婚等事宜。天津犹太宗教公会有会员千余人。1925年，天津犹太教堂搬至<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%9C%BA%E9%81%93" title="马场道">马场道</a>并设立宗教委员会，吉利舍维奇为宗教委员会主席并主持教堂内的宗教活动。1939年，天津犹太宗教委员会在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a>的小河道（Creek Road）和都柏林道（Dublin Road）交口，后第十區上海道14號（今<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="和平区 (天津市)">和平区</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%B7%AF_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" class="mw-redirect" title="南京路 (天津)">南京路</a>与鄭州路交口）兴建<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="天津犹太教堂">天津犹太教堂</a>，新教堂于1940年9月落成，该建筑由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90" title="北歐">北歐</a>建築師設計，是一座具有猶太教風格的教堂，原建筑屋顶立有一金属质<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E8%8A%92%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="六芒星">六芒星</a>，建筑正面顶端亦镶嵌有<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E8%8A%92%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="六芒星">六芒星</a>，现已拆除但依稀可见<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E8%8A%92%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="六芒星">六芒星</a>的痕迹，现为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E9%A3%8E%E8%B2%8C%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="天津历史风貌建筑">特殊保护等级历史风貌建筑</a>。1948年，寓居在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="天津">天津</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="猶太人">猶太人</a>曾在此處慶賀<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>建國，之後，大量的猶太人返回<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>定居，同時中國進行的内戰讓身处天津的猶太人感到不安全，所以很多俄籍猶太人回到<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>。由于大部分在天津的犹太人收入减少，加上有贫苦的犹太人需要救济，犹太公会提出出售房产。1955年，犹太公会将犹太教堂出售给<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="天津市人民政府">天津市人民政府</a>并由政府转给天主教天津教区改为天主教小营门教堂。1958年，猶太宗教公會正式宣布停止活动。虽然天津犹太人已所剩无几，在1956年至1959年間不斷接受上海犹太社团委员会的資助。直到1992年，此處被出租給<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>潮州軒酒家，后遭到宗教人士反對后遷出后空置。2006年3月16日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E5%B8%82%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="天津市市长">天津市市长</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%9B%B8%E9%BE%99" title="戴相龙">戴相龙</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>驻中国大使海逸达的会晤时，以色列驻中国大使对在天津修复犹太教堂和其他的文化活动表示出兴趣。<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%9B%B8%E9%BE%99" title="戴相龙">戴相龙</a>在会上宣布犹太教教堂作为文化遗址加以保护。2009年，天津猶太教堂重新整修，改建为中法会馆。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="天津著名的猶太人"><span id=".E5.A4.A9.E6.B4.A5.E8.91.97.E5.90.8D.E7.9A.84.E7.8C.B6.E5.A4.AA.E4.BA.BA"></span>天津著名的猶太人</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：天津著名的猶太人"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E6%B3%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="伊斯雷尔·爱泼斯坦">伊斯雷爾·愛潑斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%8E%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊莎贝尔·梅纳德（页面不存在）">伊莎贝尔·梅纳德</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛穆尔·米勒（页面不存在）">赛穆尔·米勒</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利奥·奥尔伦斯（页面不存在）">利奥·奥尔伦斯</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%B0%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%83%E6%9E%97%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本杰明·卡布林斯基（页面不存在）">本杰明·卡布林斯基</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E8%8C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马丁·贝茨（页面不存在）">马丁·贝茨</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="内部链接"><span id=".E5.86.85.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>内部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：内部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E8%A3%94%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="猶太裔中國人">猶太裔中國人</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bcf271301008mi5.html">建筑背后的历史之三教五堂</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220219034648/http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bcf271301008mi5.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiotj.com/jiaotong/system/2007/08/15/000086420.shtml">《犹太教堂----废墟上的记忆》</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2019年10月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daat.ac.il/DAAT/bibliogr/shlomi/bibel4-2.htm">犹太人在中国-参考书目</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090203182446/http://www.daat.ac.il/DAAT/bibliogr/shlomi/bibel4-2.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（希伯来语）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.showchina.org/rwysjxl/ytrztj/200706/t117247.htm">天津的犹太社区</a>. Show China 看中国. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-04-08</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080709062712/http://www.showchina.org/rwysjxl/ytrztj/200706/t117247.htm">存档</a>于2008-07-09） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%9A%84%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Show+China+%E7%9C%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.showchina.org%2Frwysjxl%2Fytrztj%2F200706%2Ft117247.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220219033153/http://www.hlass.com/public/AA/index.jsp?TemplateNameN=AA&TemplateXMLName=1&CNumberN=523&ArticleTitleN=1932">天津犹太教堂的修复与犹太文化研究中心的建立</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-04-14</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hlass.com/public/AA/index.jsp?TemplateNameN=AA&TemplateXMLName=1&CNumberN=523&ArticleTitleN=1932">原始内容</a>存档于2022-02-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%8E%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hlass.com%2Fpublic%2FAA%2Findex.jsp%3FTemplateNameN%3DAA%26TemplateXMLName%3D1%26CNumberN%3D523%26ArticleTitleN%3D1932&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="天津歷史">历史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">历史事件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B2%BD%E5%8F%A3%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" title="大沽口战役">大沽口战役</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%B2%BD%E5%8F%A3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="第一次大沽口之戰">第一次</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%B2%BD%E5%8F%A3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="第二次大沽口之战">第二次</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%B2%BD%E5%8F%A3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="第三次大沽口之戰">第三次</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%95%99%E6%A1%88" title="天津教案">火烧望海楼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E8%A5%BF%E5%BC%80%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="老西开事件">老西开事件</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89" title="辛亥天津起义">辛亥天津起义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%95%99%E6%A1%88" title="天津教案">天津教案</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(1939%E5%B9%B4)" title="天津事件 (1939年)">天津事件 (1939年)</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">灾害事故</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1878%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BF%9D%E7%94%9F%E7%B2%A5%E5%8E%82%E5%A4%A7%E7%81%AB" title="1878年天津保生粥厂大火">1878年天津保生粥厂大火</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1939%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%BE" title="1939年天津水灾">1939年天津水灾</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1936%E5%B9%B4%E6%98%8E%E5%BE%B7%E6%85%88%E6%B5%8E%E4%BC%9A%E6%9A%96%E5%8E%82%E7%81%AB%E7%81%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1936年明德慈济会暖厂火灾（页面不存在）">1936年明德慈济会暖厂火灾</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">史料</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%80%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%A5%E8%A8%98" title="往津日記">往津日記</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%88%90%E9%95%BF" title="天津的成长">天津的成长</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%8F%92%E5%9B%BE%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%B2%E7%BA%B2" title="天津插图本史纲">天津插图本史纲</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">政治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%83%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%A1%99%E9%97%A8" title="天津都统衙门">天津都统衙门</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%86%E7%9B%B4%E8%AB%AE%E8%AD%B0%E5%B1%80" title="順直諮議局">顺直咨议局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="天津特别市政府">天津特别市政府</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD)" title="天津市政府 (中华民国)">天津市政府</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%89%E7%BB%B4%E6%8C%81%E4%BC%9A" title="天津市治安维持会">天津市治安维持会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%B8%82%E5%85%AC%E7%BD%B2" title="天津特别市公署">天津特别市公署</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C_(%E6%97%A5%E5%8D%A0%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F)" title="天津特别市政府 (日占时期)">日伪天津特别市政府</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%97%A7%E5%9D%80" title="华北水利委员会旧址">华北水利委员会旧址</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">规划</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%80%81%E5%9F%8E" title="天津老城">天津老城</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津租界">九国租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="河北新区">河北新区</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%99%E5%AD%90%E6%B2%B3" title="墙子河">墙子河</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="南市 (天津)">南市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%B8%82%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="天津特别市物质建设方案">天津特别市物质建设方案</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">涉外</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际条约</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%B3%95%E6%96%B0%E7%BA%A6" title="中法新约">中法新约</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="天津条约">天津条约</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="北京条约">北京条约</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%BE%8E%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%AD%E5%A2%9E%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="中美天津条约续增条约">中美天津条约续增条约</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%97%A5%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E4%B8%93%E6%9D%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="中日天津会议专条">中日天津会议专条</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%94%B0-%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E7%90%AA%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="有田-克莱琪协议">有田-克莱琪协议</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津租界">九国租界</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津英租界">天津英租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%BE%8E%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津美租界">天津美租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B3%95%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津法租界">天津法租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BE%B7%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津德租界">天津德租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津日租界">天津日租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BF%84%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津俄租界">天津俄租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%84%8F%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津意租界">天津意租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%A5%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津奥租界">天津奥租界</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%AF%94%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C" title="天津比租界">天津比租界</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">领事机构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9C%E6%83%A0%E5%BA%86%E6%95%85%E5%B1%85" title="颜惠庆故居">满洲国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原意大利驻天津领事馆">意大利领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%8D%8E%E6%AF%94%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津华比银行大楼">比利时领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原丹麦驻天津领事馆">丹麦领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="利华大楼">美国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E4%BF%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原俄国驻天津领事馆">俄国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E7%BD%B2%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津英国领事署大楼">英国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原法国驻天津领事馆">法国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原德国驻天津领事馆">德国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A5%A5%E5%8C%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原奥匈帝国驻天津领事馆">奥匈帝国领事馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%A9%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A2%86%E4%BA%8B%E9%A6%86" title="原日本驻天津领事馆">日本领事馆</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">自治组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="天津英租界选举人大会">天津英租界选举人大会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80%E8%91%A3%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="天津英租界工部局董事会">天津英租界工部局董事会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B1%85%E7%95%99%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%A2" title="天津日本居留民团">天津日本居留民团</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">行政机构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津英租界工部局">天津英租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B3%95%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津法租界工部局">天津法租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B3%95%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%85%AC%E8%AE%AE%E5%B1%80" title="天津法租界公议局">天津法租界公议局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BE%B7%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津德租界工部局">天津德租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%84%8F%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津意租界工部局">天津意租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BF%84%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津俄租界工部局">天津俄租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%A5%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津奥租界工部局">天津奥租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%AF%94%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%80" title="天津比租界工部局">天津比租界工部局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%85%B1%E7%9B%8A%E4%BC%9A" title="天津日租界共益会">天津日租界共益会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="天津日租界开发委员会">天津日租界开发委员会</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">驻军</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="原天津英国兵营">英国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5_(%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C)" title="原天津美国兵营 (英租界)">英租界美国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5_(%E5%BE%B7%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C)" title="原天津美国兵营 (德租界)">德租界美国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="原天津法国兵营">法国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="原天津德国兵营">德国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="原天津意大利兵营">意大利兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="原天津俄国兵营">俄国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%A5%A5%E5%8C%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="原天津奥匈帝国兵营">奥匈帝国兵营</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%85%89%E5%AF%BA" title="海光寺">日本兵营</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">经济</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%BF%91%E4%BB%A3%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="天津近代工业">近代<br />工业</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工矿</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="天津机器制造局">天津机器制造局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%BB%A6%E7%9F%BF%E5%8A%A1%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="开滦矿务局">开滦矿务局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B2%BD%E8%88%B9%E5%9D%9E" title="大沽船坞">大沽船坞</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AF%E6%96%B0%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%B0%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="启新洋灰公司">启新洋灰公司</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E7%81%AF%E6%88%BF" title="法国电灯房">法国电灯房</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B2%BD%E6%AD%A6%E5%BA%93" title="西沽武库">西沽武库</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">建筑</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E5%86%9C%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="先农公司大楼">先农公司</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%9B%BA%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%B8" title="永固工程司">永固工程司</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">化工</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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href="/wiki/%E7%9B%9B%E9%94%A1%E7%A6%8F%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="盛锡福大楼">盛锡福</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%95%E5%85%83%E7%BA%B1%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="裕元纱厂（页面不存在）">裕元纱厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%81%92%E6%BA%90%E7%BA%B1%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="恒源纱厂（页面不存在）">恒源纱厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9D%E6%88%90%E7%BA%B1%E5%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="宝成纱厂">宝成纱厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E7%BA%B1%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北洋纱厂（页面不存在）">北洋纱厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8E%E6%96%B0%E7%BA%B1%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="华新纱厂（页面不存在）">华新纱厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%95%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%B1%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="裕大纱厂（页面不存在）">裕大纱厂</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">制革</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E7%A1%9D%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="北洋硝皮公司">北洋硝皮公司</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%95%E6%B4%A5%E5%88%B6%E9%9D%A9%E5%8E%82" title="裕津制革厂">裕津制革厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E5%88%B6%E9%9D%A9%E5%8E%82" title="华北制革厂">华北制革厂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B8%BF%E8%AE%B0%E5%88%B6%E9%9D%A9%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鸿记制革厂（页面不存在）">鸿记制革厂</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">粮油</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BF%E4%B8%B0%E9%9D%A2%E7%B2%89%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="寿丰面粉公司">寿丰面粉公司</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">商业</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">商业</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%B8%E6%A5%AD%E6%9C%83%E5%A0%B4" title="勸業會場">劝业会场</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%8A%9D%E4%B8%9A%E5%9C%BA" title="天津劝业场">劝业场</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E7%99%BE%E8%B4%A7" title="中原百货">中原百货</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">洋行</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B3%B0%E5%85%B4%E6%B4%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="新泰兴洋行大楼">新泰兴洋行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%A4%E6%B4%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="太古洋行大楼 (天津)">太古洋行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A1%E5%92%8C%E6%B4%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="怡和洋行大楼 (天津)">怡和洋行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E8%AE%B0%E6%B4%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%88%86%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="仁记洋行天津分行大楼">仁记洋行</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">金融业</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%9B%9B%E8%A1%8C" title="北四行">北四行</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E4%B8%9A%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E6%97%A7%E5%9D%80_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="盐业银行旧址 (天津)">盐业银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%87%91%E5%9F%8E%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津金城银行大楼">金城银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%97%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="中南银行大楼 (天津)">中南银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津大陆银行大楼">大陆银行</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">外资行</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%B8%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%B7%A5%E5%95%86%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津中法工商银行大楼">中法工商银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%99%E8%B1%90%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%93_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="滙豐銀行大樓 (天津)">汇丰银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%AA%E6%BB%A8%E6%AD%A3%E9%87%91%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="横滨正金银行大楼 (天津)">横滨正金银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%97%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="花旗银行大楼 (天津)">花旗银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%B9%85%E5%AE%89%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津久安商业银行大楼">久安商业银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="麦加利银行大楼 (天津)">麦加利银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%BF%84%E9%81%93%E8%83%9C%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%88%86%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="华俄道胜银行天津分行大楼">华俄道胜银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津朝鲜银行大楼">朝鲜银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%89%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津华义银行大楼">华义银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B1%87%E7%90%86%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津东方汇理银行大楼">东方汇理银行</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%88%86%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="中央银行天津分行大楼">中央银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%9B%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%82%A8%E8%93%84%E4%BC%9A%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津四行储蓄会大楼">四行储蓄会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%82%AE%E6%94%BF%E5%82%A8%E9%87%91%E6%B1%87%E4%B8%9A%E5%88%86%E5%B1%80%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="天津邮政储金汇业分局大楼">邮政储金汇业分局</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E4%BF%9D%E5%95%86%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%BC" title="北洋保商银行大楼">北洋保商银行</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%88%B7%E9%83%A8%E9%80%A0%E5%B8%81%E6%80%BB%E5%8E%82%E6%97%A7%E5%9D%80" title="清户部造币总厂旧址">清户部造币总厂</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">社会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="天津教育">教育</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">新式学堂</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%88%E5%AD%A6%E5%A0%82" title="天津水师学堂">天津水师学堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%AD%A6%E5%A4%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%A0%82" title="天津武备学堂">天津武备学堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a 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title="北洋陸軍講武堂">北洋陆军讲武堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B2%B3%E5%B8%88%E8%8C%83%E5%AD%A6%E5%A0%82" title="天河师范学堂">天河师范学堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%87%E4%B9%A6%E9%99%A2" title="博文书院">博文书院</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">高等教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="北洋大学">北洋大学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="南开大学">南开大学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%A5%E6%B2%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="津沽大学">津沽大学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="河北工业大学">河北工学院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a 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href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="天津市新华中学">圣功女中</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1" title="天津英国文法学校">英国文法学校</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%AF%BF%E5%B0%8F%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="祝寿小学（页面不存在）">祝寿小学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="天津市实验中学">工商附中</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%91%98%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%90%E5%BC%9F%E5%B0%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="南开大学员工子弟小学">南开大学员工子弟小学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A6%E9%99%A2" title="新学书院">新学书院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E5%B4%87%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="天津市崇化中学">崇化中学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BA%9C%E5%AE%98%E7%AB%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6%E5%A0%82" title="天津府官立中学堂">天津府官立中学堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%8C%BA%E4%B8%AD%E8%90%A5%E5%B0%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="天津市南开区中营小学">天津官立模范二等小学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="天津市第九中学">普育女学堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E6%B1%87%E6%96%87%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="天津市汇文中学">汇文学校</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天津德华学堂（页面不存在）">天津德华学堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%9E%E5%AD%98%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1" title="竞存女子学校">竞存女子学校</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a 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href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="南开大学经济研究所">南开大学经济研究所</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%BC%9A" title="南开大学东北研究会">南开大学东北研究会</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%BE%B9%E7%96%86%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%AE%A4" title="南开大学边疆人文研究室">南开大学边疆人文研究室</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">科学技术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%A4%BE" title="黄海化学工业研究社">黄海化学工业研究社</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="南开大学应用化学研究所">南开大学应用化学研究所</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E7%9F%BF%E5%86%B6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国立北洋工学院矿冶工程研究所（页面不存在）">国立北洋工学院矿冶工程研究所</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国立北洋工学院工程材料研究所（页面不存在）">国立北洋工学院工程材料研究所</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%B4%E5%B7%A5%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C%E6%89%80" title="中国第一水工试验所">中国第一水工试验所</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">宗教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">天主教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%8B%A5%E7%91%9F%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%BA%A7%E5%A0%82_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="圣若瑟主教座堂 (天津)">西开教堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%84%E4%BC%9A%E5%9C%A3%E5%BF%83%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="方济各会圣心教堂">方济各会圣心教堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%9C%A3%E6%AF%8D%E5%B8%A1%E5%B9%AA%E5%A0%82" title="天津圣母帡幪堂">天津圣母帡幪堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E6%B5%B7%E6%A5%BC%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E5%A0%82" title="望海楼天主堂">望海楼天主堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E7%AB%B9%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%A3%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E5%A0%82" title="紫竹林圣路易堂">紫竹林圣路易堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%A6%96%E5%96%84%E5%A0%82" title="天津首善堂">天津首善堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%A0%82_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="崇德堂 (天津)">崇德堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%88%B1%E5%A0%82" title="普爱堂">普爱堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%BB%81%E6%85%88%E5%A0%82" title="天津仁慈堂">仁慈堂</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">基督教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E8%B7%AF%E5%A0%82" title="山西路堂">山西路堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%AF%B8%E5%9C%A3%E5%A0%82" title="天津诸圣堂">安里甘教堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E4%BC%97%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82" title="合众会堂">合众会堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%93%E9%97%A8%E5%8F%A3%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="仓门口教堂">仓门口教堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E7%BA%AC%E8%B7%AF%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="冈纬路教堂">冈纬路教堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E4%BC%9A" title="天津中华基督教青年会">基督教青年会</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">东正教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%9C%A3%E6%AF%8D%E5%B8%A1%E5%B9%AA%E5%A0%82" title="天津圣母帡幪堂">圣母帡幪堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%BA%E8%82%AF%E6%8F%90%E4%B9%99%E5%A0%82" title="圣英诺肯提乙堂">圣英诺肯提乙堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B0%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E5%A7%86%E5%A0%82" title="圣谢拉菲姆堂">圣谢拉菲姆堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%9C%A3%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E5%A0%82" title="天津圣尼古拉堂">圣尼古拉堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E4%BC%97%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="圣众教堂">圣众教堂</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">犹太教</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82" title="天津犹太会堂">天津犹太会堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">天津犹太移民</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">祠堂</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%AC%E7%A5%A0" title="天津李公祠">天津李公祠</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%BA%AF%E7%A5%A0%E5%A0%82" title="李纯祠堂">李纯祠堂</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">医疗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="马大夫纪念医院">马大夫纪念医院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="天津市第一中心医院">犹太医院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%AE%98%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="天津官医院">天津官医院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E9%98%B2%E7%96%AB%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="北洋防疫医院">北洋防疫医院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%98%81%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="水阁医院">北洋女医院</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">传媒</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5" title="旧大公报">大公报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E4%B8%96%E6%8A%A5" title="益世报">益世报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8A%A5" title="直报">直报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%97%BB%E6%8A%A5" title="国闻报">国闻报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E7%94%BB%E6%8A%A5" title="北洋画报">北洋画报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E5%AE%98%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北洋官报（页面不存在）">北洋官报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="中国时报 (天津)">中国时报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%99%9A%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由晚报（页面不存在）">自由晚报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%94%9F%E6%99%9A%E5%A0%B1" title="新生晚報">新生晚报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%97%E6%99%9A%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大众晚报（页面不存在）">大众晚报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%99%9A%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人民晚报（页面不存在）">人民晚报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9C%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="夜报（页面不存在）">夜报</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%99%9A%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民国晚报（页面不存在）">民国晚报</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">餐饮</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%88%A9%E9%A1%BA%E5%BE%B7%E5%A4%A7%E9%A5%AD%E5%BA%97" title="天津利顺德大饭店">利顺德大饭店</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B7%E5%A3%AB%E6%9E%97%E9%A4%90%E5%8E%85" title="起士林餐厅">起士林餐厅</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">娱乐</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="法国俱乐部">法国俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="美国海军俱乐部 (天津)">美国海军俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="天津德国俱乐部">德国俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="天津英国俱乐部">英国俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%A1%E8%B0%8A%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="英国乡谊俱乐部">英国乡谊俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A5%A5%E5%8C%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="原奥匈帝国俱乐部">奥国俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%8F%E9%99%A2_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="中国大戏院 (天津)">中国大戏院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%8E%85" title="天津音乐厅">天津音乐厅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E6%B8%85%E6%B1%A0" title="玉清池">玉清池</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E5%BD%B1%E9%99%A2" title="光明影院">光明影院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E5%BD%B1%E9%99%A2_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="大光明影院 (天津市)">蛱蝶影院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%90%8C%E6%96%87%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="原同文俱乐部">同文俱乐部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E9%85%92%E6%A5%BC" title="戒酒楼">戒酒楼</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">体育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%89%E9%97%AE" title="奥运三问">奥运三问</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%B5%9B%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%B2" title="天津赛马史">天津赛马</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%9E%E5%8A%9B%E7%90%83%E9%A6%86" title="原回力球馆">原回力球馆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E4%BA%94%E8%99%8E" title="南开五虎">南开五虎</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">公园</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%97%E5%9B%AD" title="解放北园">维多利亚花园</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="天津中山公園">中山公园</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="中心公园 (天津)">中心公园</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">交通</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">铁路</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%AB%99" title="天津站">老龙头火车站</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%8C%97%E7%AB%99" title="天津北站">天津中央火车站</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%A5%BF%E7%AB%99" title="天津西站">天津西站</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E6%9F%B3%E9%9D%92%E7%AB%99" title="杨柳青站">杨柳青站</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E6%B5%B7%E7%AB%99" title="静海站">静海站</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%98%E6%B2%BD%E7%AB%99" title="塘沽站">塘沽站</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">道路</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E7%94%B5%E8%BD%A6%E7%94%B5%E7%81%AF" title="天津电车电灯">天津有轨电车</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%93" title="五大道">五大道</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%8B%B1%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津英租界道路列表">天津英租界道路列表</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%B3%95%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津法租界道路列表">天津法租界道路列表</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津日租界道路列表">天津日租界道路列表</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%84%8F%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津意租界道路列表">天津意租界道路列表</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%BE%B7%E7%A7%9F%E7%95%8C%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津德租界道路列表">天津德租界道路列表</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">桥梁</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E9%BE%99%E5%A4%B4%E6%A1%A5" title="老龙头桥">老龙头桥</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B1%A4%E6%A1%A5" title="金汤桥">金汤桥</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E6%A1%A5_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5)" title="解放桥 (天津)">万国桥</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%8D%8E%E6%A1%A5" title="金华桥">金华桥</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%A2%E6%A1%A5" title="大红桥">大红桥</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">建筑</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E9%A3%8E%E8%B2%8C%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津市历史风貌建筑列表">天津市历史风貌建筑列表</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%A1%97%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="天津历史文化街区列表">天津历史文化街区列表</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">里巷</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="义德里 (天津市)">义德里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%BD%B3%E9%87%8C" title="新佳里">新佳里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E9%87%8C" title="河南里">河南里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%BA%86%E9%87%8C" title="通庆里">通庆里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%8D%8E%E9%87%8C" title="洛华里">洛华里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E4%BA%91%E9%87%8C" title="庆云里">庆云里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E7%94%9F%E9%87%8C" title="义生里">义生里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C" title="民园西里">民园西里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B9%90%E9%82%A8" title="安乐邨">安乐邨</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%A2" title="德国大院">德国大院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B4%E9%82%A8_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="大兴邨 (天津市)">大兴邨</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E9%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="桂林里 (天津市)">桂林里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E7%9B%8A%E9%87%8C" title="山益里">山益里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E5%86%9C%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%A2" title="先农大院">先农大院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%AE%9A%E9%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="永定里 (天津市)">永定里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A1%E9%87%8C" title="生甡里">生甡里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%A5%E5%8D%97%E9%87%8C" title="津南里">津南里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%88%E5%96%84%E9%87%8C" title="守善里">守善里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%B3%E9%98%B3%E9%87%8C" title="岳阳里">岳阳里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C" title="延德里">延德里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BA%86%E9%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82)" title="安庆里 (天津市)">安慶里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%96%B0%E9%87%8C" title="文新里">文新里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E6%B0%91%E9%87%8C" title="乐民里">乐民里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C" title="美德里">美德里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%AD%E7%BE%8E%E9%87%8C" title="新中美里">新中美里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E9%87%8C" title="小光明里">小光明里</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%B7" title="振德巷">振德巷</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E5%8F%8B%E5%9D%8A" title="益友坊">益友坊</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%93%E5%9B%AD" title="晓园">晓园</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%8B%E5%88%AB%E5%A2%85" title="三友别墅">三友别墅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%9C%BA%E5%88%AB%E5%A2%85" title="马场别墅">马场别墅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E7%8E%AE%E5%B1%B1%E5%BA%84" title="瑞玮山庄">瑞玮山庄</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%AC%E5%AF%93" title="法国教会公寓">法国教会公寓</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="犹太人和犹太教" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%92%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="Template:犹太人和犹太教"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%92%8C%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="Template talk:猶太人和猶太教"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%92%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:犹太人和犹太教"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="犹太人和犹太教" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">犹太人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="犹太教">犹太教</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">民系</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%B3%95%E8%BF%AA%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="塞法迪犹太人">塞法迪犹太人</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%89%E8%AB%BE" title="瑪拉諾">瑪拉諾</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%80%E8%82%AF%E7%B4%8D%E8%8C%B2%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="阿什肯納茲猶太人">阿什肯納茲猶太人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%85%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="米兹拉希犹太人">米兹拉希犹太人</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="巴格达犹太人">巴格达</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="布哈拉猶太人">布哈拉</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="高加索犹太人">高加索犹太人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9F%8F%E7%88%BE%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="柏柏爾猶太人">柏柏爾猶太人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%83%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="馬格里布猶太人">馬格拉布猶太人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E7%9A%84%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="阿爾及利亞的猶太人">阿爾及利亞的猶太人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="撒馬利亞人">撒馬利亞人</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地族群</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89%E9%96%80%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="葉門猶太人">葉門</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%A6%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%AB%BE%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="聖馬力諾猶太人">聖馬利諾</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A7%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="羅馬尼奧猶太人">東地中海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="中國猶太人">中国大陆</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%81%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="开封犹太人">開封</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">天津</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="香港猶太人">香港</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E6%BF%B1%E5%83%91%E6%B0%91#猶太僑民" title="哈爾濱僑民">哈爾濱</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E8%87%BA%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="在臺猶太人">臺灣</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="牙買加猶太人">牙買加</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%A7%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%BA" title="克里姆查克人">克里米亞</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E4%B9%8B%E5%AD%90" title="以色列之子">印度</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E6%9E%9D%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="柯枝猶太人">印度喀拉拉邦</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%A4%E9%81%94%E4%BA%9E" title="阿巴尤達亞">烏干達</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%A1%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="贝塔以色列">衣索比亞</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="日本猶太人">日本</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E7%9A%84%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="緬甸的猶太人">緬甸</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="猶太自治州">俄羅斯</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="14" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Menorah_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Menorah_blue.svg/80px-Menorah_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Menorah_blue.svg/120px-Menorah_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Menorah_blue.svg/160px-Menorah_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="356" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="猶太語言">语言</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="希伯来语">希伯来语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA-%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="猶太-摩洛哥語">猶太-摩洛哥語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA-%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="猶太-阿拉伯語">猶太-阿拉伯語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%AF%AD" title="犹太西班牙语">拉迪諾語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E8%AA%9E" title="猶太葡萄牙語">猶太-葡萄牙語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E7%AC%AC%E7%B7%92%E8%AA%9E" title="意第緒語">意第緒語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA-%E7%BD%97%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="犹太-罗曼语支">犹太-罗曼语支</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88" title="希伯來語復興">希伯來語復興</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="犹太教">宗教运动</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%AD%A3%E7%B5%B1%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教正統派">正统派</a>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈达尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hardal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE" title="哈達爾">哈达尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardal" class="extiw" title="en:Hardal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hardal</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%9B%B7%E8%BF%AA%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="哈雷迪猶太教">哈雷迪</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%A5%BF%E8%BF%AA%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="哈西迪猶太教">哈西迪</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E6%B4%BE%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="现代正统派犹太教（页面不存在）">现代正统派</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="慕沙运动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Musar Movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%95%E6%B2%99%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慕沙运动（页面不存在）">慕沙运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musar_Movement" class="extiw" title="en:Musar Movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Musar Movement</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教保守派">保守派</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教保守正统派（页面不存在）">保守正统派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E9%87%8D%E5%BB%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教重建派">重建派</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="猶太教復興派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jewish_Renewal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="猶太教復興派（页面不存在）">復興運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Renewal" class="extiw" title="en:Jewish Renewal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jewish_Renewal</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E6%B4%BE" title="猶太教改革派">改革派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="拉比猶太教">拉比派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%B4%BE" title="犹太教卡拉派">卡拉派</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%BA" title="卡拉伊姆人">卡拉伊姆人</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E9%A9%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%95%99" title="撒马利亚教">撒马利亚派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太教宗派分立" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jewish schisms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教宗派分立（页面不存在）">宗派分立</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_schisms" class="extiw" title="en:Jewish schisms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jewish schisms</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太教人文派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Humanistic Judaism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教人文派（页面不存在）">人文派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanistic_Judaism" class="extiw" title="en:Humanistic Judaism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Humanistic Judaism</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E7%84%A1%E7%A5%9E%E8%AB%96%E8%80%85" title="Category:猶太無神論者">无神论</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="猶太教哲學">哲学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太基本信仰（页面不存在）">基本信仰</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%89%E6%B0%91_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="选民 (宗教)">选民观念</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA" title="犹太教末世论">末世论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BC%A6%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太伦理（页面不存在）">伦理</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%A1" title="哈拉卡">哈拉卡</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="納粹大屠殺">大屠杀理论</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89" title="卡巴拉">卡巴拉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%A6%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%A6%8F%E7%9A%84%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9_(%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99)" title="符合教規的食物 (猶太教)">洁食</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8C%E8%B3%BD%E4%BA%9E" title="彌賽亞">彌賽亞</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%A5%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8D%E5%AD%97" title="Category:犹太教中神的名字">神的名字</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%83%E5%BE%8B" title="挪亞七律">挪亞七律</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太慈善观" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tzedakah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%85%88%E5%96%84%E8%A7%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太慈善观（页面不存在）">慈善观</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tzedakah" class="extiw" title="en:Tzedakah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tzedakah</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太着装条例" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tzniut"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%9D%80%E8%A3%85%E6%9D%A1%E4%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太着装条例（页面不存在）">着装条例</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tzniut" class="extiw" title="en:Tzniut"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tzniut</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="猶太文學">文學</a>·宗教文献</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%B4%8D%E8%B5%AB" title="塔納赫">塔納赫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%A5%E6%8B%89" title="妥拉">妥拉</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%94%E7%BB%8F" title="摩西五经">摩西五经</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5%E4%B9%A6" title="先知书">先知书</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E4%B9%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="智慧书（页面不存在）">智慧书</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%BE%B7" title="塔木德">塔木德</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%9B%B8%E6%8B%BF" title="米書拿">米書拿</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A9%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89" title="革馬拉">革馬拉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80" title="米德拉什">米德拉什</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%80%E7%91%9F%E4%BB%96" title="陀瑟他">陀瑟他</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉比文学（页面不存在）">拉比文学</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%86%E8%A5%BF%E6%8B%BF%E6%89%98%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="密西拿托拉（页面不存在）">密西拿托拉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="四部法典" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arba'ah Turim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E9%83%A8%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="四部法典（页面不存在）">四部法典</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arba%27ah_Turim" class="extiw" title="en:Arba'ah Turim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arba'ah Turim</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%BE%B7" title="塔木德">犹太法典</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="清晰教導集" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mishnah Berurah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%99%B0%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E%E9%9B%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清晰教導集（页面不存在）">清晰教導集</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishnah_Berurah" class="extiw" title="en:Mishnah Berurah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mishnah Berurah</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E7%AF%87" title="光明篇">光明篇</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8A%A0%E8%BE%BE" title="哈加达">哈加达</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太诗歌" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Piyyut"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E8%AF%97%E6%AD%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太诗歌（页面不存在）">诗歌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piyyut" class="extiw" title="en:Piyyut"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Piyyut</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太教祈祷书" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Siddur"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%A5%88%E7%A5%B7%E4%B9%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教祈祷书（页面不存在）">祈祷书</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siddur" class="extiw" title="en:Siddur"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Siddur</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E4%BE%86%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="希伯來文學">希伯來文學</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">圣经人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95" title="亞伯拉罕">亞伯拉罕</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E6%92%92" title="以撒">以撒</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84_(%E8%88%8A%E7%B4%84%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93)" title="雅各 (舊約聖經)">雅各</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E6%8B%89" title="撒拉">撒拉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%99%BE%E5%8A%A0" title="利百加">利百加</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%93" title="拉结">拉结</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="利亞">利亞</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A5%BF" title="摩西">摩西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89" title="底波拉">底波拉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%97%E8%A8%98" title="路得記">路得</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%E7%8E%8B" title="大衛王">大衛王</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80" title="所羅門">所羅門</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="以利亞">以利亞</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E9%A2%86%E8%A2%96" title="Category:犹太教宗教领袖">犹太教领袖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E5%8B%92%E5%B0%94%E9%95%BF%E8%80%81" title="希勒尔长老">老希列</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%9E%E8%B2%B7" title="煞買">煞買</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%93%88-%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF" title="犹大·哈-纳西">犹大·哈-纳西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E6%9E%9C%E6%98%82" title="萨阿迪亚·果昂">萨蒂亚·高安</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="杰顺·本·犹大" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gershom_ben_Judah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B0%E9%A1%BA%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杰顺·本·犹大（页面不存在）">杰顺·本·犹大</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gershom_ben_Judah" class="extiw" title="en:Gershom ben Judah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gershom_ben_Judah</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="以撒·奥法西" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Isaac_Alfasi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E6%92%92%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E6%B3%95%E8%A5%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以撒·奥法西（页面不存在）">以撒·奥法西</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Alfasi" class="extiw" title="en:Isaac Alfasi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Isaac_Alfasi</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80" title="拉什">拉什</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%88%97%E7%BB%B4" title="犹大·哈列维">犹大·哈列维</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E8%8C%B2%E6%8B%89" title="阿伯拉罕·伊本·埃茲拉">亚伯拉罕·伊本·以斯拉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩菲斯茨列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List_of_Tosafists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E8%8F%B2%E6%96%AF%E8%8C%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩菲斯茨列表（页面不存在）">中世纪犹太教士</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tosafists" class="extiw" title="en:List of Tosafists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List_of_Tosafists</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%81%E8%92%99%E5%B0%BC%E5%BE%B7" title="邁蒙尼德">邁蒙尼德</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E8%B3%80%E8%92%99%E5%B0%BC%E5%BE%B7" title="納賀蒙尼德">纳曼尼德</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿舍·本·杰希勒" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Asher_ben_Jehiel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E8%88%8D%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E5%B8%8C%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿舍·本·杰希勒（页面不存在）">阿舍·本·杰希勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asher_ben_Jehiel" class="extiw" title="en:Asher ben Jehiel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Asher_ben_Jehiel</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E6%9D%BE%E5%B0%BC%E5%BE%B7" title="吉尔松尼德">盖森尼德</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="约瑟夫·埃尔伯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Joseph_Albo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="约瑟夫·埃尔伯（页面不存在）">约瑟夫·埃尔伯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Albo" class="extiw" title="en:Joseph Albo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Joseph_Albo</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B7%B4%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%A7%E7%88%BE" title="阿巴伯內爾">以撒·亚伯拉班内尔</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="以撒•卢里亚" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Isaac_Luria"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E6%92%92%E2%80%A2%E5%8D%A2%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以撒•卢里亚（页面不存在）">以撒•卢里亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Luria" class="extiw" title="en:Isaac Luria"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Isaac_Luria</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%A4%AB" title="巴尔·谢姆·托夫">巴尔·闪·托夫</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E9%98%81%E4%B8%8B" title="维尔纳阁下">维尔纳·高安</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E9%97%A8%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%9D%BE" title="摩西·门德尔松">摩西·门德尔松</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="利奥波德·聪茨" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Leopold_Zunz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E5%A5%A5%E6%B3%A2%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%81%AA%E8%8C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利奥波德·聪茨（页面不存在）">利奥波德·聪茨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_Zunz" class="extiw" title="en:Leopold Zunz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Leopold_Zunz</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="桑松·拉斐尔·赫希" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Samson_Raphael_Hirsch"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%91%E6%9D%BE%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E6%96%90%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="桑松·拉斐尔·赫希（页面不存在）">桑松·拉斐尔·赫希</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samson_Raphael_Hirsch" class="extiw" title="en:Samson Raphael Hirsch"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Samson_Raphael_Hirsch</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亚伯拉罕·盖革" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abraham_Geiger"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%C2%B7%E7%9B%96%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚伯拉罕·盖革（页面不存在）">亚伯拉罕·盖革</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Geiger" class="extiw" title="en:Abraham Geiger"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abraham_Geiger</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="所罗门·谢克特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Solomon_Schechter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%80%E7%BD%97%E9%97%A8%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E5%85%8B%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="所罗门·谢克特（页面不存在）">所罗门·谢克特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Schechter" class="extiw" title="en:Solomon Schechter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Solomon_Schechter</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%96%E4%BF%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太世俗文化（页面不存在）">世俗文化</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世俗猶太人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hiloni"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E4%BF%97%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世俗猶太人（页面不存在）">世俗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiloni" class="extiw" title="en:Hiloni"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hiloni</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%81%E6%98%AF%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%EF%BC%9F" title="谁是犹太人？">谁是犹太人?</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="祈祷最低人数" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Minyan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%88%E7%A5%B7%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="祈祷最低人数（页面不存在）">祈祷最低人数</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyan" class="extiw" title="en:Minyan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Minyan</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%88%90%E4%BA%BA%E7%A6%AE" title="猶太教成人禮">成人礼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%A7%E7%A4%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教丧礼（页面不存在）">丧礼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B2%E7%A6%AE" title="割禮">割禮</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%AF%8D%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太人词源（页面不存在）">犹太人词源</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%A9%9A%E5%A7%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太人婚姻（页面不存在）">婚姻</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%A9%9A%E7%A4%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太人婚礼（页面不存在）">婚礼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%B4%81%E5%87%80%E8%A7%82%E5%BF%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太洁净观念（页面不存在）">犹太洁净观念</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%95%BF%E5%AD%90%E8%B5%8E%E9%93%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="长子赎银（页面不存在）">长子赎银</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="猶太人飲食">犹太人饮食</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太媒妁" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shidduch"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%AA%92%E5%A6%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太媒妁（页面不存在）">犹太媒妁</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shidduch" class="extiw" title="en:Shidduch"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shidduch</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太女婴命名仪式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zeved habat"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%A5%B3%E5%A9%B4%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E4%BB%AA%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太女婴命名仪式（页面不存在）">犹太女婴命名仪式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeved_habat" class="extiw" title="en:Zeved habat"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zeved habat</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="皈依猶太教">皈依犹太教</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%A4%B4%E8%A1%94" title="Category:犹太教头衔">神职</a>·圣迹</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%A3%E5%9F%8E" title="犹太教四大圣城">四大圣城</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="耶路撒冷">耶路撒冷</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E6%B3%95%E7%89%B9" title="采法特">采法特</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E4%BC%A6" title="希伯伦">希伯仑</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E" title="提比里亞">提比里亞</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太宗教法庭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beth din"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太宗教法庭（页面不存在）">法庭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beth_din" class="extiw" title="en:Beth din"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beth din</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="会堂管理人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gabbai"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="会堂管理人（页面不存在）">会堂管理人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabbai" class="extiw" title="en:Gabbai"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gabbai</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E9%A2%86%E5%94%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教领唱（页面不存在）">领唱</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%80%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%AB" title="亞倫子孫">祭司</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="說教師" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Maggid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AA%AA%E6%95%99%E5%B8%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="說教師（页面不存在）">說教師</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maggid" class="extiw" title="en:Maggid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Maggid</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%B4%81%E9%A3%9F%E7%9B%91%E7%9D%A3%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太洁食监督人（页面不存在）">犹太洁食监督人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%B4%81%E5%87%80%E7%A4%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太洁净礼（页面不存在）">犹太洁净礼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆漢" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohel"><span 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dir="auto">Rebbe</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="犹太神学院">神学院</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%9C%83%E5%A0%82" title="猶太會堂">猶太會堂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7%E8%81%96%E6%AE%BF" title="耶路撒冷聖殿">圣殿</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E5%B9%95" title="会幕">会幕</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A2%99" title="西墙">西墙</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="line-height:1.1em;">宗教用具<br />祈祷仪式</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="我們有責任" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aleinu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%91%E5%80%91%E6%9C%89%E8%B2%AC%E4%BB%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="我們有責任（页面不存在）">我們有責任</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleinu" class="extiw" title="en:Aleinu"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aleinu</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%A5%B7%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教祷文（页面不存在）">犹太教祷文</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8F%E6%A3%9A%E8%8A%82%E5%9B%9B%E6%A0%B7%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="住棚节四样植物">四样植物</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加特尔（页面不存在）">加特尔</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="讚美詩篇" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hallel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%9A%E7%BE%8E%E8%A9%A9%E7%AF%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="讚美詩篇（页面不存在）">讚美詩篇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallel" class="extiw" title="en:Hallel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hallel</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安息日结束礼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Havdalah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A5%E7%BB%93%E6%9D%9F%E7%A4%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安息日结束礼（页面不存在）">安息日结束礼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havdalah" class="extiw" title="en:Havdalah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Havdalah</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖頌" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kaddish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E9%A0%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖頌（页面不存在）">聖頌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaddish" class="extiw" title="en:Kaddish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kaddish</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="基特尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kittel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基特尔（页面不存在）">基特尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kittel" class="extiw" title="en:Kittel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kittel</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%8E%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%88%E7%A5%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赎罪日祈祷（页面不存在）">赎罪日祈祷</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="玛托福" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ma Tovu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%9B%E6%89%98%E7%A6%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="玛托福（页面不存在）">玛托福</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Tovu" class="extiw" title="en:Ma Tovu"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ma Tovu</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%87%88%E8%87%BA" title="猶太教燈臺">猶太教燈臺</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E8%8A%82%E7%81%AF%E5%8F%B0" title="光明节灯台">再献圣殿节灯台</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E6%A1%86%E7%BB%8F%E6%96%87%E7%9B%92" title="门框经文盒">门柱圣卷</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%A5%88%E7%A5%B7%E7%A4%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教祈祷礼（页面不存在）">祈祷礼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%8F%E5%8D%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托拉经卷（页面不存在）">经卷</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E7%A5%88%E7%A5%B7%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教祈祷文（页面不存在）">祈祷文</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E7%91%AA" title="示瑪">听！以色列</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肖法号角" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="shofar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%96%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%B7%E8%A7%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肖法号角（页面不存在）">羊角号</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/shofar" class="extiw" title="en:shofar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">shofar</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%8A%AB%E5%B7%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太披巾（页面不存在）">披巾</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太经文匣（页面不存在）">经文匣</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%B8%E5%AD%90" title="繸子">流苏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%B6%93%E6%A8%99" title="指經標">读经之手</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B8%95_(%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99)" title="基帕 (猶太教)">基巴</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="line-height:1.1em;"><br />与其他宗教的关系</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E5%AF%B9%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%82%E7%82%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教对宗教多元化的观点（页面不存在）">犹太教对宗教多元化的观点</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="亚伯拉罕宗教">亚伯拉罕宗教</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="犹太教与基督教">基督教</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天主教与犹太教（页面不存在）">天主教</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%92%8C%E8%A7%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教犹太和解（页面不存在）">基督教犹太和解</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%BE%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太基督教徒（页面不存在）">犹太基督教徒</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E9%97%A8%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩尔门教与犹太教（页面不存在）">摩尔门教</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="弥赛亚犹太教">弥赛亚犹太教</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯兰教与犹太教（页面不存在）">伊斯兰教</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%BE%92" title="犹太佛教徒">犹太佛教徒</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%95%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="新異教主義">新异教主义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%A3%94%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E6%9D%A5%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非洲裔希伯来以色列人（页面不存在）">非洲裔希伯来以色列人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡巴拉中心（页面不存在）">卡巴拉中心</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BF%E4%BB%A3%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="替代犹太教（页面不存在）">其他</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="犹太人历史">历史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2#古代" title="以色列历史">古代</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7%E8%81%96%E6%AE%BF" title="耶路撒冷聖殿">耶路撒冷聖殿</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%AF%94%E4%BC%A6%E5%9B%9A%E8%99%8F" title="巴比伦囚虏">巴比伦囚徒</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="耶路撒冷">耶路撒冷</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教中的耶路撒冷（页面不存在）">意义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E8%AE%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="耶路撒冷大事记（页面不存在）">大事记</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E8%92%99%E5%B0%BC%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="哈斯蒙尼王朝">哈斯蒙尼</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%8B%E7%8E%8B" title="大希律王">希律王</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%83" title="猶太公會">猶太公會</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%88%A9%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%BA" title="法利赛人">法利赛人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%A5%E4%BA%BA" title="撒都该人">撒都该人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%B3%BD%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="艾賽尼派">艾賽尼派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%AE%E9%8A%B3%E9%BB%A8" title="奮銳黨">奮銳黨</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E2%80%93%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="第一次猶太–羅馬戰爭">第一次犹太罗马战争</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%88%BE%E7%A7%91%E8%B5%AB%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%B7%E7%BE%A9" title="巴爾科赫巴起義">科赫巴大起义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E6%95%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="犹太人大流散">流散</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%BD%E6%96%AF" title="维尔纽斯">维尔纽斯</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世纪犹太人（页面不存在）">中世纪</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%90%A8%E4%BA%BA" title="可萨人">可萨人</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆斯林世界的犹太人历史（页面不存在）">穆斯林统治</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E5%B7%B4%E8%92%82%E6%95%99%E5%BE%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛巴蒂教徒（页面不存在）">赛巴蒂教徒</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="哈斯卡拉运动">哈斯卡拉運動</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="犹太解放运动">解放</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="納粹大屠殺">大屠杀</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="阿利亞運動">阿利亚</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%A4%8D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太复国主义历史（页面不存在）">犹太复国主义历史</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="以色列历史">以色列历史</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%A5%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="阿以冲突">阿以冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="以巴冲突">以巴冲突</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%B0" title="以色列地">以色列地</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="悔改運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Baal teshuva movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%82%94%E6%94%B9%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="悔改運動（页面不存在）">巴尔特舒华运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baal_teshuva_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Baal teshuva movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Baal teshuva movement</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="各国犹太教">各国犹太教</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="以色列政治">政治</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="錫安主義">錫安主義</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap">（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E9%94%A1%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一般锡安主义者（页面不存在）">一般</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%B7%A5%E9%8C%AB%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="勞工錫安主義">勞工</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E9%8C%AB%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="宗教錫安主義">宗教</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E6%B4%BE%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%A4%8D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="修正派犹太复国主义">修正</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="迦南主義">迦南主義</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太政治运动（页面不存在）">政治运动</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%B7%A6%E7%BF%BC" title="犹太左翼">左派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%B3%E7%BF%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太右翼（页面不存在）">右派</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太无政府主义（页面不存在）">犹太无政府主义</a>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿古达运动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Agudath Israel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%A4%E8%BE%BE%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿古达运动（页面不存在）">阿古达运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Agudath_Israel" class="extiw" title="en:World Agudath Israel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Agudath Israel</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%A5%B3%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太女权主义（页面不存在）">女权主义</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="反犹太主义">反犹太主义</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding：0.25em 0;line-height：1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反犹主义历史（页面不存在）">历史</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%B9%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%AB%E5%AE%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="对犹太人的迫害（页面不存在）">迫害</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新反犹主义（页面不存在）">新反犹主义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E6%AD%A7%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="种族歧视反犹太主义（页面不存在）">种族性</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宗教反犹太主义（页面不存在）">宗教性</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%8C%AB%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反錫安主義">反锡安主义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="聚集區">隔都</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=天津犹太移民&oldid=83174033">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=天津犹太移民&oldid=83174033</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" 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