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{"work":{"id":20594718,"created_at":"2016-01-22T20:29:24.192-08:00","from_world_paper_id":146678108,"updated_at":"2024-11-12T22:28:20.049-08:00","_data":{"grobid_abstract":"Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to measure changes in the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of rhesus monkeys performing visual discrimination tasks. In comparison with both position and brightness discrimination tasks, the color discrimination task activated the posterior inferior temporal cortex and a ventromedial occipital region, which is located along the anterior one-third of the calcarine sulcus. In contrast, the position task activated the middle temporal area and intraparietal cortex as compared with the color task. These results confirm the segregation of visual pathways and delineate the visual areas involved in color vision. This approach might bridge the gap between invasive studies in animals and functional imaging studies in humans.","publication_date":"1997,,","publication_name":"Neuroscience Letters","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"41455938"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Mapping of cortical areas involved in color vision in non-human primates","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [7847439]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":41455938,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Mapping of cortical areas involved in color vision in non-human primates”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/41455938/mini_magick20190219-9919-gbxtyb.png?1550586404" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Mapping of cortical areas involved in color vision in non-human primates</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7847439" href="https://nips.academia.edu/NorihiroSadato"><img alt="Profile image of Norihiro Sadato" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7847439/7999584/8960264/s65_norihiro.sadato.jpg" />Norihiro Sadato</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1997, Neuroscience Letters</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">4 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 20594718; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=20594718"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to measure changes in the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of rhesus monkeys performing visual discrimination tasks. In comparison with both position and brightness discrimination tasks, the color discrimination task activated the posterior inferior temporal cortex and a ventromedial occipital region, which is located along the anterior one-third of the calcarine sulcus. In contrast, the position task activated the middle temporal area and intraparietal cortex as compared with the color task. These results confirm the segregation of visual pathways and delineate the visual areas involved in color vision. This approach might bridge the gap between invasive studies in animals and functional imaging studies in humans.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":41455938,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/20594718/Mapping_of_cortical_areas_involved_in_color_vision_in_non_human_primates"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":41455938,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/20594718/Mapping_of_cortical_areas_involved_in_color_vision_in_non_human_primates"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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In this paper, we show that neurons in visual area MT of the macaque Summary monkey respond well to the same S cone-modulating stimuli employed in the first two papers of this series. The relationship between the neural processing of Furthermore, S cone responses were directionally seleccolor and motion information has been a contentious tive, indicating that MT is able to encode the motion of issue in visual neuroscience. We examined this relaisoluminant colored stimuli. On average, the sensitivity tionship directly by measuring neural responses to of MT neurons to S cone contrast agreed well with the isoluminant S cone signals in extrastriate area MT of psychophysical and fMRI measurements reported in the the macaque monkey. S cone stimuli produced robust, first two papers of this series. Interestingly, individual direction-selective responses at most recording sites, recording sites in MT varied substantially in the strength indicating that color signals are present in MT. While of their S cone inputs, showing that as a population MT these responses were unequivocal, S cone contrast neurons exhibit some degree of color tuning. sensitivity was, on average, 1.0-1.3 log units lower The quantitative agreement between the electrophysithan luminance contrast sensitivity. The presence of ological and fMRI measurements supports the proposed S cone responses and the relative sensitivity of MT homology between a portion of human MTϩ and maneurons to S cone and luminance signals agree with caque MT, and is consistent with the view that the suprafunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) meathreshold electrical activity measured in our experisurements in human MTϩ. The results are consistent ments is closely linked to the hemodynamic signals with the hypothesis that color signals in MT influence measured by fMRI. Finally, the similarity of neural and behavior in speed judgment tasks. perceptual sensitivity to luminance and S cone stimuli (in the speed discrimination task) suggests that MT sup</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Color Signals in Area MT of the Macaque Monkey","attachmentId":102311404,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101898640/Color_Signals_in_Area_MT_of_the_Macaque_Monkey","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101898640/Color_Signals_in_Area_MT_of_the_Macaque_Monkey"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="14882500" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14882500/Color_Discrimination_Involves_Ventral_and_Dorsal_Stream_Visual_Areas">Color Discrimination Involves Ventral and Dorsal Stream Visual Areas</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33858442" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucCornette">Luc Cornette</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cerebral Cortex, 2004</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We used positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in human subjects to investigate whether the ventral and dorsal visual stream cooperate when active judgements about color have to be made. Color was used as the attribute, because it is processed primarily in the ventral stream. The centrally positioned stimuli were equiluminant shades of brown. The successive color discrimination task was contrasted to a dimming detection task, in which retinal input was identical but with double the number of motor responses. The stimulus presentation rate was parametrically varied and a constant performance level was obtained for all conditions. The visual activation sites were identified by retinotopic mapping and cortical flattening. In addition, one psychophysical and two fMRI experiments were performed to control for differences in visuospatial attention and motor output. Successive color discrimination involved early visual areas, including V1 and VP and the ventral color-responsive region, as well as anterior and middle dorsal intraparietal sulcus, dorsal premotor cortex and pre-SMA. Cortical regions involved in dimming detection and motor output included area V3A, hMT/V5+, lateral occipital sulcus, posterior dorsal intraparietal sulcus, primary motor cortex and SMA. These experiments demonstrated that even with color as the attribute, successive discrimination, in which a decision process has to link visual signals to motor responses, involves both ventral and dorsal visual stream areas.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Color Discrimination Involves Ventral and Dorsal Stream Visual Areas","attachmentId":43809502,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14882500/Color_Discrimination_Involves_Ventral_and_Dorsal_Stream_Visual_Areas","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14882500/Color_Discrimination_Involves_Ventral_and_Dorsal_Stream_Visual_Areas"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="20594650" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20594650/Distribution_of_colour_selective_activity_in_the_monkey_inferior_temporal_cortex_revealed_by_functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging">Distribution of colour-selective activity in the monkey inferior temporal cortex revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7847439" href="https://nips.academia.edu/NorihiroSadato">Norihiro Sadato</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Neuroscience, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Distribution of colour-selective activity in the monkey inferior temporal cortex revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging","attachmentId":41455872,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20594650/Distribution_of_colour_selective_activity_in_the_monkey_inferior_temporal_cortex_revealed_by_functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20594650/Distribution_of_colour_selective_activity_in_the_monkey_inferior_temporal_cortex_revealed_by_functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="70019638" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70019638/fMRI_measurements_of_color_in_macaque_and_human">fMRI measurements of color in macaque and human</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9241526" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BrianWandell">Brian Wandell</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of vision, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We have used fMRI to measure responses to chromatic and achromatic contrast in retinotopically defined regions of macaque and human visual cortex. We make four observations. Firstly, the relative amplitudes of responses to color and luminance stimuli in macaque area V1 are similar to those previously observed in human fMRI experiments. Secondly, the dorsal and ventral subdivisions of macaque area V4 respond in a similar way to opponent (L--M)-cone chromatic contrast suggesting that they are part of a single functional area. Thirdly, we find that macaque area V4, like area V1, responds preferentially to chromatic contrast compared to luminance contrast and the degree of preference is strongly influenced by the temporal frequency of the stimulus. Finally, we observe that while macaque V4d is a region on the dorsal surface of the macaque visual cortex that responds robustly to chromatic stimuli, human chromatic responses to identical stimuli are largely confined to the ventral surface ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"fMRI measurements of color in macaque and human","attachmentId":79905247,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70019638/fMRI_measurements_of_color_in_macaque_and_human","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70019638/fMRI_measurements_of_color_in_macaque_and_human"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="18544008" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18544008/Relationship_Between_Color_Discrimination_and_Neural_Responses_in_the_Inferior_Temporal_Cortex_of_the_Monkey">Relationship Between Color Discrimination and Neural Responses in the Inferior Temporal Cortex of the Monkey</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38574841" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KowaKoida">Kowa Koida</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neurophysiology, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Earlier studies suggest that the inferior temporal (IT) cortex of the monkey plays a key role in color discrimination. Here, we examined the quantitative relationship between color judgment in monkeys and the responses of color-selective neurons in the anterior part of the IT cortex (area TE) by comparing neuronal activity and behavior recorded simultaneously while the monkeys performed a color-judgment task. We first compared the abilities of single neurons and monkeys to discriminate color. To calculate a neuron&amp;amp;amp;#39;s ability to discriminate color, we computed a neurometric function using receiver-operating-characteristics analysis. We then compared the neural and behavioral thresholds for color discrimination and found that, in general, the neural threshold was higher than the behavioral threshold, although occasionally the reverse was true. Variation in the neural threshold across the color space corresponded well with that of the behavioral threshold. We then calculated the choice probability (CP), which is a measure of the correlation between the trial-to-trial fluctuations in neuronal responses and the monkeys&amp;amp;amp;#39; color judgment. On average, CPs were slightly but significantly greater than 0.5, indicating the activities of these TE neurons correlate positively with the monkeys&amp;amp;amp;#39; color judgment. This suggests that individual color-selective TE neurons only weakly contribute to color discrimination and that a large population of color-selective TE neurons contribute to the performance of color discrimination.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Relationship Between Color Discrimination and Neural Responses in the Inferior Temporal Cortex of the Monkey","attachmentId":42160128,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18544008/Relationship_Between_Color_Discrimination_and_Neural_Responses_in_the_Inferior_Temporal_Cortex_of_the_Monkey","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18544008/Relationship_Between_Color_Discrimination_and_Neural_Responses_in_the_Inferior_Temporal_Cortex_of_the_Monkey"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="23669542" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23669542/Color_Architecture_in_Alert_Macaque_Cortex_Revealed_by_fMRI">Color Architecture in Alert Macaque Cortex Revealed by fMRI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45730963" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BevilConway">Bevil Conway</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cerebral Cortex, 2005</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The contribution that different brain areas make to primate color vision, especially in the macaque, is debated. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging in the alert macaque, giving a whole brain perspective of color processing in the healthy brain. We identified color-biased and luminance-biased activity and colorafterimage activity. Color-biased activity was found in V1, V2, and parts of V4 and not in V3a, MT, or other dorsal stream areas, in which a luminance bias predominated. Color-biased activity and color-afterimage activity were also found in a region on the posterior bank of the superior temporal sulcus. We review anatomical and physiological studies that describe this region, PITd, and postulate that it is distinct from areas V4 and TEO. When taken together with single-unit studies and lesion studies, our results suggest that color depends on a connected ventral-stream pathway involving at least V1, V2, V4, and PITd.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Color Architecture in Alert Macaque Cortex Revealed by fMRI","attachmentId":44074309,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23669542/Color_Architecture_in_Alert_Macaque_Cortex_Revealed_by_fMRI","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23669542/Color_Architecture_in_Alert_Macaque_Cortex_Revealed_by_fMRI"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="13695315" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13695315/Chromatic_sensitivity_of_neurones_in_area_MT_of_the_anaesthetised_macaque_monkey_compared_to_human_motion_perception">Chromatic sensitivity of neurones in area MT of the anaesthetised macaque monkey compared to human motion perception</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39755722" href="https://sav-sk.academia.edu/IgorRiecansky">Igor Riecansky</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32887112" href="https://medizinisches-proteom-center.academia.edu/CDistler">C. Distler</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32832164" href="https://rub.academia.edu/KlauspeterHoffmann">Klaus-peter Hoffmann</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Experimental Brain Research, 2005</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We recorded activity from neurones in cortical motion-processing areas, middle temporal area (MT) and middle posterior superior temporal sulcus (MST), of anaesthetised and paralysed macaque monkeys in response to moving sinewave gratings modulated in luminance and chrominance. The activity of MT and MST neurones was highly dependent on luminance contrast. In three of four animals isoluminant chromatic modulations failed to activate MT/MST neurones significantly. At low luminance contrast a systematic dependence on chromaticity was revealed, attributable mostly to residual activity of the magnocellular pathway. Additionally, we found indications for a weak Scone input, but rod intrusion could also have made a contribution. In contrast to the activity of MT and MST neurones, speed judgments and onset amplitude of evoked optokinetic eye movements in human subjects confronted with equivalent visual stimuli were largely independent of luminance modulation. Motion of every grating (including isoluminant) was readily visible for all but one observer. Similarity with the activity of MT/ MST cells was found only for motion-nulling equivalent luminance contrast judgments at isoluminance. Our results suggest that areas MT and MST may not be involved in the processing of chromatic motion, but effects of central anaesthesia and/or the existence of intra-and inter-species differences must also be considered.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chromatic sensitivity of neurones in area MT of the anaesthetised macaque monkey compared to human motion perception","attachmentId":45050136,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13695315/Chromatic_sensitivity_of_neurones_in_area_MT_of_the_anaesthetised_macaque_monkey_compared_to_human_motion_perception","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13695315/Chromatic_sensitivity_of_neurones_in_area_MT_of_the_anaesthetised_macaque_monkey_compared_to_human_motion_perception"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="120696395" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120696395/Color_Processing_in_Macaque_Striate_Cortex_Relationships_to_Ocular_Dominance_Cytochrome_Oxidase_and_Orientation">Color Processing in Macaque Striate Cortex: Relationships to Ocular Dominance, Cytochrome Oxidase, and Orientation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59838750" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielTso">Daniel Tso</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neurophysiology, 2002</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We located clusters of color-selective neurons in macaque striate cortex, as mapped with optical imaging and confirmed with electrophysiological recordings. By comparing responses to an equiluminant red/green stimulus versus a high-contrast luminance stimulus, we were able to reveal a patchy distribution of color selectivity. Other color imaging protocols, when compared with electrophysiological data, did not reliably indicate the location of functional structures. The imaged color patches were compared with other known functional subdivisions of striate cortex. There was a high degree of overlap of the color patches with the cytochrome-oxidase (CO) blobs. The patches were often larger than a single blob in size, however, and in some instances spanned two neighboring blobs. More than one-half (56%) of the color-selective patches seen in optical imaging were not confined to one ocular dominance (OD) column. Almost one-quarter of color patches (23%) extended across OD columns to encom...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Color Processing in Macaque Striate Cortex: Relationships to Ocular Dominance, Cytochrome Oxidase, and Orientation","attachmentId":115764612,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120696395/Color_Processing_in_Macaque_Striate_Cortex_Relationships_to_Ocular_Dominance_Cytochrome_Oxidase_and_Orientation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/120696395/Color_Processing_in_Macaque_Striate_Cortex_Relationships_to_Ocular_Dominance_Cytochrome_Oxidase_and_Orientation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="462289" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/462289/Human_Cortical_Processing_of_Colour_and_Pattern">Human Cortical Processing of Colour and Pattern</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="116740" href="https://newcastle-au.academia.edu/FriniKarayanidis">Frini Karayanidis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Human brain …, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Human Cortical Processing of Colour and Pattern","attachmentId":3484894,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/462289/Human_Cortical_Processing_of_Colour_and_Pattern","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/462289/Human_Cortical_Processing_of_Colour_and_Pattern"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="102666735" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/102666735/Cortical_area_V4_and_its_role_in_the_perception_of_color">Cortical area V4 and its role in the perception of color</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40309924" href="https://independent.academia.edu/heywoodcharles">charles heywood</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Journal of Neuroscience, 1992</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The color and lightness vision of three monkeys with bilateral removal of cortical area V4 and three unoperated controls were tested by measuring their ability to discriminate between two rows of colored or gray stimuli. In one row, the stimuli were ordered in terms of either chromaticity or luminance, whereas in the other row they were disordered. Their ability to select the odd-one-out in an array of colors or grays and to select the colored patch from an array of achromatic grays was also assessed. Unlike an achromatopsic patient tested previously in an identical fashion, monkeys with V4 lesions performed indistinguishably from controls in the oddity test. The animals lacking V4 were slightly impaired at discriminating between ordered and disordered arrays of colors or grays, but the color impairment was no more severe than the impairment with grays. These deficits were readily accounted for in terms of the conspicuous deficits in pattern discrimination apparent in a nine-choice ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cortical area V4 and its role in the perception of color","attachmentId":102876535,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/102666735/Cortical_area_V4_and_its_role_in_the_perception_of_color","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/102666735/Cortical_area_V4_and_its_role_in_the_perception_of_color"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":41455938,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":41455938,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_41455938" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Johnson</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38191640" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertShapley">Robert Shapley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">nature neuroscience, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The spatial transformation of color in the primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey","attachmentId":46586770,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11655948/The_spatial_transformation_of_color_in_the_primary_visual_cortex_of_the_macaque_monkey","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neuroscience, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Psychophysical Chromatic Mechanisms in Macaque Monkey","attachmentId":72068118,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56916859/Psychophysical_Chromatic_Mechanisms_in_Macaque_Monkey","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56916859/Psychophysical_Chromatic_Mechanisms_in_Macaque_Monkey"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div 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18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="102666736" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/102666736/On_the_role_of_cortical_area_V4_in_the_discrimination_of_hue_and_pattern_in_macaque_monkeys">On the role of cortical area V4 in the discrimination of hue and pattern in macaque monkeys</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40309924" href="https://independent.academia.edu/heywoodcharles">charles heywood</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Journal of Neuroscience, 1987</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="12188823" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12188823/Retinotopy_and_color_sensitivity_in_human_visual_cortical_area_V_8">Retinotopy and color sensitivity in human visual cortical area V 8</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32026617" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NHadjikhani">Nouchine Hadjikhani</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30635696" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PCavanagh">Patrick Cavanagh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/462308/Human_Cortical_Processing_of_Colour_and_Pattern_Published_Online_1_June_2001">Human Cortical Processing of Colour and Pattern Published Online 1 June 2001</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="116740" href="https://newcastle-au.academia.edu/FriniKarayanidis">Frini Karayanidis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Human Brain …, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Human Cortical Processing of Colour and Pattern Published Online 1 June 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href="https://www.academia.edu/47888972/Neural_mechanisms_for_color_perception_in_the_primary_visual_cortex">Neural mechanisms for color perception in the primary visual cortex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38191640" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertShapley">Robert Shapley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neural mechanisms for color perception in the primary visual cortex","attachmentId":66783051,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47888972/Neural_mechanisms_for_color_perception_in_the_primary_visual_cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 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ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35770872" href="https://uci.academia.edu/AlyssaBrewer">Alyssa Brewer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Computational neuroimaging: Color signals in the visual pathways","attachmentId":42448933,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16521928/Computational_neuroimaging_Color_signals_in_the_visual_pathways","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16521928/Computational_neuroimaging_Color_signals_in_the_visual_pathways"><span 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class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="11" data-entity-id="120696397" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120696397/Color_Processing_in_Macaque_Striate_Cortex_Electrophysiological_Properties">Color Processing in Macaque Striate Cortex: Electrophysiological Properties</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59838750" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielTso">Daniel Tso</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neurophysiology, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Color Processing in Macaque Striate Cortex: Electrophysiological 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href="https://www.academia.edu/23669548/Specialized_Color_Modules_in_Macaque_Extrastriate_Cortex">Specialized Color Modules in Macaque Extrastriate Cortex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45730963" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BevilConway">Bevil Conway</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Neuron, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Specialized Color Modules in Macaque Extrastriate Cortex","attachmentId":44074317,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23669548/Specialized_Color_Modules_in_Macaque_Extrastriate_Cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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href="https://independent.academia.edu/SemirZeki">Semir Zeki</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Brain Research, 1973</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Colour coding in rhesus monkey prestriate cortex","attachmentId":72017484,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56817542/Colour_coding_in_rhesus_monkey_prestriate_cortex","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56817542/Colour_coding_in_rhesus_monkey_prestriate_cortex"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="15" data-entity-id="79618213" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79618213/Functional_organization_for_color_and_orientation_in_macaque_V4">Functional organization for color and orientation in macaque V4</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="220799247" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaRoe2">Anna Roe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nature Neuroscience, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Functional organization for color and orientation in macaque 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href="https://www.academia.edu/56817564/Three_cortical_stages_of_colour_processing_in_the_human_brain">Three cortical stages of colour processing in the human brain</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35004922" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SemirZeki">Semir Zeki</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Brain, 1998</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Three cortical stages of colour processing in the human brain","attachmentId":72017507,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56817564/Three_cortical_stages_of_colour_processing_in_the_human_brain","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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href="https://wellesley.academia.edu/RosaLaferSousa">Rosa Lafer-Sousa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of vision, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Color-detection thresholds in rhesus macaque monkeys and humans","attachmentId":72068114,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56916863/Color_detection_thresholds_in_rhesus_macaque_monkeys_and_humans","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56916863/Color_detection_thresholds_in_rhesus_macaque_monkeys_and_humans"><span 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