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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Occitaans" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Occitaans" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. 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accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Taalfamilie_en_kenmerken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taalfamilie_en_kenmerken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Taalfamilie en kenmerken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taalfamilie_en_kenmerken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verspreidingsgebied" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verspreidingsgebied"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Verspreidingsgebied</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verspreidingsgebied-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herkomst_van_de_term_langue_d'oc" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herkomst_van_de_term_langue_d'oc"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Herkomst van de term <i>langue d'oc</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herkomst_van_de_term_langue_d'oc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ontstaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontstaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ontstaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontstaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoogtijdagen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoogtijdagen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Hoogtijdagen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoogtijdagen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Verval</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wedergeboorte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wedergeboorte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Wedergeboorte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wedergeboorte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderne_situatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderne_situatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Moderne situatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderne_situatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Occitaans</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 156 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-156" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">156 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Occitan" title="Bahsa Occitan – Atjehs" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Occitan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Atjehs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Окситаныбзэ – Adygees" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Окситаныбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adygees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitaans" title="Oksitaans – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oksitaans" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okzitanische_Sprache" title="Okzitanische Sprache – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Okzitanische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A6%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%B2%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%8A%9B" title="ኦክሲታንኛ – Amhaars" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኦክሲታንኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_occit%C3%A1n" title="Idioma occitán – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma occitán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الأكستانية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الأكستانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="لغه قسطانيه – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه قسطانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_occitanu" title="Idioma occitanu – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma occitanu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitan_dili" title="Oksitan dili – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Oksitan dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Окситан теле – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Окситан теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uoks%C4%97tanu_kalba" title="Uoksėtanu kalba – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Uoksėtanu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Аксітанская мова – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аксітанская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Аксытанская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аксытанская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Окситански език – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Окситански език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%81_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="অক্সিতঁ ভাষা – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অক্সিতঁ ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okitaneg" title="Okitaneg – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Okitaneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occit%C3%A0" title="Occità – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Occità" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Окситанхойн мотт – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Окситанхойн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inutsitan" title="Inutsitan – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Inutsitan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_occitana" title="Lingua occitana – Corsicaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua occitana" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsicaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitan_tili" title="Oksitan tili – Krim-Tataars" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Oksitan tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krim-Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcit%C3%A1n%C5%A1tina" title="Okcitánština – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Okcitánština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Окситан чĕлхи – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Окситан чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocsitaneg" title="Ocsitaneg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ocsitaneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitansk_(sprog)" title="Occitansk (sprog) – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Occitansk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okzitanische_Sprache" title="Okzitanische Sprache – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Okzitanische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitanki" title="Oksitanki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Oksitanki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcitan%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Okcitanšćina – Nedersorbisch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Okcitanšćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BE%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Οξιτανική γλώσσα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οξιτανική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucit%C3%A0n" title="Ucitàn – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ucitàn" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Occitan language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcitana_lingvo" title="Okcitana lingvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Okcitana lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_occitano" title="Idioma occitano – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma occitano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitaani_keel" title="Oksitaani keel – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Oksitaani keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okzitaniera" title="Okzitaniera – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Okzitaniera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_ocitana" title="Lengua ocitana – Extremeens" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lengua ocitana" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان اکسیتان – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان اکسیتان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitaani" title="Oksitaani – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oksitaani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Arpitaans" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitaans_spriak" title="Oksitaans spriak – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Oksitaans spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitaansk" title="Oksitaansk – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oksitaansk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ocsat%C3%A1inis" title="An Ocsatáinis – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Ocsatáinis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogsatanais" title="Ogsatanais – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ogsatanais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_occitana" title="Lingua occitana – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua occitana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occit%C3%A1%C3%B1a%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Occitáñañe'ẽ – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Occitáñañe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocsitaanish" title="Ocsitaanish – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ocsitaanish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan-ng%C3%AE" title="Occitan-ngî – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Occitan-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אוקסיטנית – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוקסיטנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_bhasa" title="Occitan bhasa – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Occitan bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcitanski_jezik" title="Okcitanski jezik – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Okcitanski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcitan%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Okcitanšćina – Oppersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Okcitanšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_oksitan" title="Lang oksitan – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang oksitan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcit%C3%A1n_nyelv" title="Okcitán nyelv – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Okcitán nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Օքսիտաներեն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օքսիտաներեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_occitan" title="Lingua occitan – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua occitan" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Oksitan" title="Bahasa Oksitan – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Oksitan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Oksitano" title="Pagsasao nga Oksitano – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao nga Oksitano" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocitaniana_linguo" title="Ocitaniana linguo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ocitaniana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oks%C3%ADtanska" title="Oksítanska – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Oksítanska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_occitana" title="Lingua occitana – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua occitana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="オック語 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オック語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axitah_languij" title="Axitah languij – Jamaicaans Creools" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Axitah languij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaicaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Ositania" title="Basa Ositania – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Ositania" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ოქსიტანური ენა – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოქსიტანური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitan_tili" title="Oksitan tili – Karakalpaks" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Oksitan tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuksitant" title="Tuksitant – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tuksitant" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiunsita" title="Kiunsita – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kiunsita" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Окситан тілі – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Окситан тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%81%AC%EC%96%B4" title="오크어 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오크어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_oks%C3%AEtan%C3%AE" title="Zimanê oksîtanî – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê oksîtanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Окситан кыв – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Окситан кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitanek" title="Oksitanek – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Oksitanek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Occitana" title="Lingua Occitana – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Occitana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ositan_(lingua)" title="Ositan (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ositan (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitaans" title="Occitaans – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Occitaans" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoa_oc%C3%A7itann-a" title="Lengoa ocçitann-a – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengoa ocçitann-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz_uzitan" title="Lingaz uzitan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz uzitan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucitan" title="Ucitan – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ucitan" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liosita" title="Liosita – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Liosita" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87" title="ພາສາອົກຊີຕັງ – Laotiaans" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາອົກຊີຕັງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitan%C5%B3_kalba" title="Oksitanų kalba – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Oksitanų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksit%C4%81%C5%86u_valoda" title="Oksitāņu valoda – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Oksitāņu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Окситанонь кяль – Moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Окситанонь кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_%C3%B4ksitana" title="Fiteny ôksitana – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny ôksitana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Окситан йылме – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Окситан йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Occitan" title="Reo Occitan – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Occitan" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Окситански јазик – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Окситански јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ഒസിറ്റാൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒസിറ്റാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="ऑक्सितान भाषा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ऑक्सितान भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Occitan" title="Bahasa Occitan – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Occitan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_O%C4%8B%C4%8Bitanija" title="Lingwa Oċċitanija – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Oċċitanija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اوکسیتان – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اوکسیتان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okzitaansche_Spraak" title="Okzitaansche Spraak – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Okzitaansche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitansk" title="Oksitansk – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Oksitansk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitansk" title="Oksitansk – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oksitansk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitanum" title="Oksitanum – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Oksitanum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afaan_Occitan" title="Afaan Occitan – Afaan Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Afaan Occitan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Afaan Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Окситайнаг æвзаг – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Окситайнаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitano" title="Occitano – Papiaments" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Occitano" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiaments" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Picardisch" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksietan" title="Oksietan – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Oksietan" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_oksyta%C5%84ski" title="Język oksytański – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język oksytański" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_ossitan-a" title="Lenga ossitan-a – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga ossitan-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اوکیٹان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اوکیٹان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="اوکسيتاني ژبه – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوکسيتاني ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_occitana" title="Língua occitana – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua occitana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uqsitan_simi" title="Uqsitan simi – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Uqsitan simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_occitana" title="Lingua occitana – Reto-Romaans" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua occitana" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_occitan%C4%83" title="Limba occitană – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba occitană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Окситанский язык – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Окситанский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_otzitana" title="Limba otzitana – Sardijns" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba otzitana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardijns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_occitana" title="Lingua occitana – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua occitana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_leid" title="Occitan leid – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Occitan leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksit%C3%A1nagiella" title="Oksitánagiella – Noord-Samisch" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Oksitánagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Samisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitanski_jezik" title="Oksitanski jezik – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Oksitanski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Occitan language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcit%C3%A1n%C4%8Dina" title="Okcitánčina – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Okcitánčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcitan%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Okcitanščina – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Okcitanščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiokisitani" title="Chiokisitani – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chiokisitani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_oksitane" title="Gjuha oksitane – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha oksitane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Окситански језик – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Окситански језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitoansk" title="Oksitoansk – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Oksitoansk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Occitan" title="Basa Occitan – Soendanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Occitan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitanska" title="Occitanska – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Occitanska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kioksitania" title="Kioksitania – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kioksitania" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94ksyta%C5%84sk%C5%8F_g%C5%8Fdka" title="Ôksytańskŏ gŏdka – Silezisch" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ôksytańskŏ gŏdka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆக்சிதம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆக்சிதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lia-oksitanu" title="Lia-oksitanu – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Lia-oksitanu" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2" title="ภาษาอุตซิตา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาอุตซิตา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitanca" title="Oksitanca – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Oksitanca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Окситан теле – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Окситан теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Otit%C4%81nia" title="Reo Otitānia – Tahitiaans" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Reo Otitānia" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Окситан кыл – Oedmoerts" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Окситан кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Oedmoerts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Окситанська мова – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Окситанська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آکسیٹان زبان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آکسیٹان زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitan_tili" title="Oksitan tili – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oksitan tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_ocitana" title="Łéngua ocitana – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua ocitana" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksitanan_kel%27" title="Oksitanan kel' – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Oksitanan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Occitan" title="Tiếng Occitan – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Occitan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitaans" title="Occitaans – West-Vlaams" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Occitaans" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West-Vlaams" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loxit%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Loxitänapük – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Loxitänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Occitan" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="奥克语 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奥克语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ოქსიტანური ნინა – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოქსიტანური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A9" title="אקציטאניש – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אקציטאניש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Occitani" title="Èdè Occitani – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Occitani" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="奥克语 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥克语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan-g%C3%AD" title="Occitan-gí – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Occitan-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%87" title="奧克文 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="奧克文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiOsithani" title="IsiOsithani – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiOsithani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14185#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Occitaans" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Overleg:Occitaans" rel="discussion" title="Overleg over deze 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id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Occitaans" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina's [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&oldid=67404417" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/WikiWoordenboek:Occitaans" hreflang="nl"><span>WikiWoordenboek</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14185" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Occitaans<br />occitan </th></tr> <tr> <th>Gesproken in </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Occitani%C3%AB_(streek)" title="Occitanië (streek)">Occitanië (streek)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zuid-Frankrijk" title="Zuid-Frankrijk">Zuid-Frankrijk</a> en kleine aangrenzende gebieden in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> en <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sprekers </th> <td colspan="2">1 miljoen-3,7 miljoen moedertaalsprekers, waarschijnlijk 10 miljoen met op zijn minst enige passieve kennis </td></tr> <tr> <th>Rang </th> <td colspan="2">niet in de top-100 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Taalfamilie" title="Taalfamilie">Taalfamilie</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Indo-Europese_talen" title="Indo-Europese talen">Indo-Europees</a><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italische_talen" title="Italische talen">Italisch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romaanse_talen" title="Romaanse talen">Romaans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Westelijke_talen" title="Italo-Westelijke talen">Italo-Westers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Romaanse_talen#Iberisch.2F_Romaans-Iberisch_.2F_Ibero-Romaans" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallo-Romaanse talen">Gallo-Iberisch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Romaanse_talen" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallo-Romaanse talen">Gallo-Romaans</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitano-Romaanse_talen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occitano-Romaanse talen (de pagina bestaat niet)">Occitano-Romaans</a> <ul><li><b>Occitaans</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">Dialecten</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auvernhat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auvernhat (de pagina bestaat niet)">Auvernhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gascons" title="Gascons">Gascons</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languedociaans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languedociaans (de pagina bestaat niet)">Languedociaans</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lemosin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lemosin (de pagina bestaat niet)">Lemosin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proven%C3%A7aals_(dialect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Provençaals (dialect) (de pagina bestaat niet)">Provençaals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vivaro-Alpin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vivaro-Alpin (de pagina bestaat niet)">Vivaro-Alpin</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet (hoofdbetekenis)">Alfabet</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Latijns_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Latijns alfabet">Latijns</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3">Officiële status </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Offici%C3%ABle_taal" title="Officiële taal">Officieel in</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><div> <a href="/wiki/Val_d%27Aran" title="Val d'Aran">Val d'Aran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cataloni%C3%AB" title="Catalonië">Catalonië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aranees" title="Aranees">Aranees</a> dialect)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Taalunie" title="Taalunie">Taalorganisatie</a> </th> <td colspan="2">in oprichting </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3">Taalcodes </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1 </th> <td colspan="2">oc </td></tr> <tr> <th>ISO 639-2 </th> <td colspan="2">oci </td></tr> <tr> <th>ISO 639-3 </th> <td colspan="2">oci </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Taal" title="Portaal:Taal">Taal</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Langues_de_la_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Langues_de_la_France.svg/260px-Langues_de_la_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Langues_de_la_France.svg/390px-Langues_de_la_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Langues_de_la_France.svg/520px-Langues_de_la_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1898" /></a><figcaption>Het Franse taallandschap <br />Verspreiding van talen en streektalen in <a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frankrijk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walloni%C3%AB" title="Wallonië">Wallonië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Romandi%C3%AB" title="Romandië">Franstalig Zwitserland</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Carta_Occitania.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carta_Occitania.pdf/page1-260px-Carta_Occitania.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carta_Occitania.pdf/page1-390px-Carta_Occitania.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carta_Occitania.pdf/page1-520px-Carta_Occitania.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1179" data-file-height="1002" /></a><figcaption>Kaart van Occitanië met plaatsnamen in het Occitaans</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Occitaans</b>, historisch ook wel <b>langue d'oc</b> of <b> Provençaals</b> genoemd, is de verzamelnaam voor een aantal nauw verwante <a href="/wiki/Streektaal" title="Streektaal">streektalen</a>, waaronder <a href="/wiki/Gascons" title="Gascons">Gascons</a>, die gesproken worden in <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Frankrijk" title="Zuid-Frankrijk">Zuid-Frankrijk</a> en kleine aangrenzende gebieden in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> en <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a>. Het volledige taalgebied van deze streektalen wordt <a href="/wiki/Occitani%C3%AB_(streek)" title="Occitanië (streek)">Occitanië</a> genoemd. De nieuwe regio <a href="/wiki/Occitanie" title="Occitanie">Occitanie</a> maakt daar minder dan de helft van uit. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taalfamilie_en_kenmerken">Taalfamilie en kenmerken</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Taalfamilie en kenmerken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Taalfamilie en kenmerken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het Occitaans behoort tot de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitano-Romaanse_talen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occitano-Romaanse talen (de pagina bestaat niet)">Occitano-Romaanse talen</a>. Het enige andere lid van deze subfamilie binnen de <a href="/wiki/Gallo-Romaans" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallo-Romaans">Gallo-Romaanse</a> talen is het <a href="/wiki/Catalaans" title="Catalaans">Catalaans</a>. Het is waarschijnlijk dat deze twee talen tot in de 12e eeuw één en dezelfde waren. Vandaag bestaat het voornaamste verschil uit de schrijfwijze, waarbij men voor het Occitaans de middeleeuwse spelling aanhoudt die nog dicht tegen het <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijn</a> aanleunt, terwijl voor het Catalaans gekozen is voor een <a href="/wiki/Spelling" title="Spelling">spelling</a> die dichter bij de uitspraak ligt. Pas in 1934 koos de Catalaanse taalunie voor een eigen verbond, los van de Occitaanse. Voor beide talen geldt dat spellingregels in de 19e eeuw opnieuw zijn opgesteld, nadat beide talen eeuwenlang niet in geschreven vorm gebruikt waren. </p><p>In uitspraak bestaan er niettemin vrij aanzienlijke verschillen tussen Occitaans en Catalaans. Zo wordt de <i>u</i> in het Occitaans als <i>ü</i> uitgesproken, net als in het <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Italiaans" title="Italiaans">Italiaanse</a> dialecten van de <a href="/wiki/Povlakte" title="Povlakte">Povlakte</a>. In het Catalaans wordt deze letter als <i>oe</i> uitgesproken, net als in het <a href="/wiki/Spaans" title="Spaans">Spaans</a>. Door de historische situatie heeft het Occitaans vooral Franse invloeden ondergaan en het Catalaans vooral Spaanse. </p><p>Het Occitaans is in taalkundig opzicht nauwer verwant aan het Spaans en Italiaans dan aan het Frans, dat meer <a href="/wiki/Keltische_talen" title="Keltische talen">Keltische</a> en <a href="/wiki/Germaanse_talen" title="Germaanse talen">Germaanse</a> invloeden heeft ondergaan. Redenen hiervoor zijn: </p> <ul><li>ander oorspronkelijk taalgebied (Iberisch in plaats van Keltisch);</li> <li>langdurigere <a href="/wiki/Romanisatie" title="Romanisatie">romanisatie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Romanisering" title="Romanisering">romanisering</a>;</li> <li>kwantitatief minder toestroom van Germaanse bevolkingsgroepen, dus kwalitatief minder taalinvloeden.</li></ul> <p>De woorden voor <i>zijn</i> zijn bijvoorbeeld respectievelijk <i>esser</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ari%C3%A8ge_(departement)" title="Ariège (departement)">Ariège</a>), <i>estar</i> (Ariège, <a href="/wiki/Gers_(departement)" title="Gers (departement)">Gers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gironde_(departement)" title="Gironde (departement)">Gironde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hautes-Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es" title="Hautes-Pyrénées">Hautes-Pyrénées</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lot-et-Garonne" title="Lot-et-Garonne">Lot-et-Garonne</a> en <a href="/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques" title="Pyrénées-Atlantiques">Pyrénées-Atlantiques</a>) en <i>èstre</i> (<a href="/wiki/Allier_(departement)" title="Allier (departement)">Allier</a> en een groot deel van de rest van Zuid-Frankrijk<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>); vergelijk ter illustratie het Franse <i>être</i> met het Spaanse <i>ser/estar</i> en het Italiaanse <i>essere</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verspreidingsgebied">Verspreidingsgebied</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Verspreidingsgebied" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Verspreidingsgebied"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Occitanie.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Occitanie.png/260px-Occitanie.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Occitanie.png/390px-Occitanie.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Occitanie.png/520px-Occitanie.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="617" /></a><figcaption>Occitanië</figcaption></figure> <p>Zoals op het tweede kaartje te zien is, wordt een groot deel van het zuiden van Frankrijk tot het Occitaanse taalgebied gerekend. Uitzonderingen hierop zijn <a href="/wiki/Frans-Baskenland" title="Frans-Baskenland">Frans-Baskenland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baskisch" title="Baskisch">Baskisch</a> taalgebied) ten noordwesten van de Pyreneeën, en <a href="/wiki/Roussillon_(provincie)" title="Roussillon (provincie)">Roussillon</a> (departement <a href="/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Orientales" title="Pyrénées-Orientales">Pyrénées-Orientales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalaans" title="Catalaans">Catalaans</a> taalgebied) ten noordoosten van dit gebergte. Ook wordt een aantal dalen aan de (Spaanse) zuidkant van de <a href="/wiki/Pyrenee%C3%ABn" title="Pyreneeën">Pyreneeën</a> tot het taalgebied gerekend, evenals een variant op het Occitaans gesproken in Noordwest-Italië (<a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%ABmont" title="Piëmont">Piëmont</a>), het <a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%ABmontees" title="Piëmontees">Piëmontees</a>. </p><p>Hoewel er een groot aantal streekvarianten bekend zijn, wordt het taalgebied globaal in drie van elkaar te onderscheiden varianten onderverdeeld: </p> <ul><li>het Gascon of <a href="/wiki/Gascons" title="Gascons">Gascons</a>, gesproken in het gebied tussen Bordeaux, Toulouse en de Pyreneeën;</li> <li>het Occitan Meridional of Zuidelijk Occitaans, gesproken langs de Middellandse Zeekust;</li> <li>het Nòrd-Occitan dat gesproken wordt in de streek van <a href="/wiki/Limoges" title="Limoges">Limoges</a>, het <a href="/wiki/Centraal_Massief" title="Centraal Massief">Centraal Massief</a> tot aan de <a href="/wiki/Alpen" title="Alpen">Alpen</a>.</li></ul> <p>Binnen deze drie varianten rekent men de volgende dialecten tot het Occitaanse taalgebied: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aranees" title="Aranees">Aranees</a> (Val d'Aran);</li> <li>Auvernhàt (<a href="/wiki/Auvergne" title="Auvergne">Auvergne</a>);</li> <li>Gascon (<a href="/wiki/Gascogne" title="Gascogne">Gascogne</a>);</li> <li>Lemosin (<a href="/wiki/Limousin" title="Limousin">Limousin</a>);</li> <li>Lengadocian (regio <a href="/wiki/Languedoc_(provincie)" title="Languedoc (provincie)">Languedoc</a>);</li> <li>Provençaals (<a href="/wiki/Provence_(Frankrijk)" title="Provence (Frankrijk)">Provence</a>);</li> <li>Aupenc (<a href="/wiki/Ard%C3%A8che_(departement)" title="Ardèche (departement)">Ardèche</a>).</li></ul> <p>Een bijzondere vorm was het Shuadit of Judeo-Provençaals, dat sinds 1977 als uitgestorven geldt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herkomst_van_de_term_langue_d'oc"><span id="Herkomst_van_de_term_langue_d.27oc"></span>Herkomst van de term <i>langue d'oc</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Herkomst van de term langue d'oc" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Herkomst van de term langue d'oc"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In de 12e eeuw was Frankrijk in twee taalgebieden te verdelen, de <a href="/wiki/Langues_d%27o%C3%AFl" title="Langues d'oïl">langues d'oïl</a> in het noorden en de langues d'oc in het zuiden. Deze taalgebieden waren vernoemd naar het respectievelijke woord voor <i>ja</i>: <i>oc</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijn</a>: <i>hoc</i>) in het zuiden en <i>oïl</i> (een oude vorm van <i>oui</i>, <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijn</a>: <i>hoc ille</i>) in het noorden. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a>, die deze namen voor de taalgroepen benoemde in zijn werk <i><a href="/wiki/De_vulgari_eloquentia" title="De vulgari eloquentia">De vulgari eloquentia</a></i> (<i>Over de schoonheid van de moedertaal</i>, circa 1300), gebruikte daarnaast de term <i>langue de si</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijn</a>: <i>sic</i>) voor de <a href="/wiki/Italiaans" title="Italiaans">Italiaanse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spaans" title="Spaans">Spaanse</a> en <a href="/wiki/Portugees" title="Portugees">Portugese</a> talen. Letterlijk schreef Dante: <i>"nam alii oc, alii si, alii vero dicunt oil"</i> ("<i>sommigen zeggen oc, anderen zeggen si, anderen zeggen oïl"</i>). </p><p>Het woord <i>òc</i> komt uit het <a href="/wiki/Vulgair_Latijn" title="Vulgair Latijn">vulgair Latijn</a> (Volkslatijn) <i>hoc</i> (<i>dat</i>), terwijl <i>oïl</i> afstamt van Latijnse <i>hoc ille</i> (<i>dat (is) het</i>). Andere Romaanse talen hebben hun woord voor <i>ja</i> afgeleid van het Latijnse <i><a href="/wiki/Sic_(Latijn)" title="Sic (Latijn)">sic</a>,</i> <i>dus</i>, zoals het Spaanse <i>sí</i>, het Italiaanse <i>sì</i>, het Catalaanse <i>si</i>, en het Portugese <i>sim</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ontstaan">Ontstaan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Ontstaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Ontstaan"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif/260px-Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif" decoding="async" width="260" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif/390px-Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif/520px-Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe-en.gif 2x" data-file-width="806" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Verspreiding van talen in Zuidwest-Europa door de eeuwen heen</figcaption></figure> <p>De <i>langue d'oc</i> ontwikkelde zich uit het <a href="/wiki/Vulgair_Latijn" title="Vulgair Latijn">Volkslatijn</a> onder invloed van de taal van de <a href="/wiki/Visigoten" title="Visigoten">Visigoten</a> (West-Goten), die na de <a href="/wiki/Grote_Volksverhuizing" title="Grote Volksverhuizing">volksverhuizingen</a> in de streek waren terechtgekomen. Het verspreidingsgebied van de <i>langue d'oc</i> kwam dan ook ruwweg overeen met dit gebied: het noorden van het <a href="/wiki/Iberisch_Schiereiland" title="Iberisch Schiereiland">Iberisch Schiereiland</a>, het zuiden van het huidige <a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frankrijk</a> en het noordwesten van <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hoogtijdagen">Hoogtijdagen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Hoogtijdagen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Hoogtijdagen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De invloed van het Occitaans op andere talen was in de 12e, 13e en 14e eeuw groot, met name op het Frans, Italiaans, Spaans en Engels – grote delen van het Occitaanse taalgebied stonden in deze periode onder Engelse heerschappij. </p><p>De <i>langue d'oc</i> was de juridische en bestuurlijke taal van de regio die onder invloed stond van het graafschap <a href="/wiki/Graafschap_Toulouse" title="Graafschap Toulouse">Toulouse</a>. Veel <a href="/wiki/Hoofse_liefde" title="Hoofse liefde">hoofse literatuur</a> werd oorspronkelijk in de <i>langue d'oc</i> geschreven. De <a href="/wiki/Troubadour" title="Troubadour">troubadours</a> maakten de taal aan de hoven van Europa populair. Een van de eerste Bijbelvertalingen, althans het <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_Testament" title="Nieuwe Testament">Nieuwe Testament</a>, in een volkstaal was in de <i>langue d'oc</i>. Dit gebeurde door de <a href="/wiki/Katharen" title="Katharen">katharen</a>. De taal stond internationaal in een dermate hoog aanzien dat <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a> overwoog zijn <i><a href="/wiki/De_goddelijke_komedie" title="De goddelijke komedie">Divina Commedia</a></i> in de <i>langue d'oc</i> te schrijven (een aantal andere werken schreef hij daadwerkelijk in deze taal). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verval">Verval</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Verval" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Verval"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg/260px-Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg/390px-Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg/520px-Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Tweetalig Frans-Occitaans bord in Nieuw-Aquitanië</figcaption></figure> <p>Na het overlijden van de laatste graaf, Raymond VII, in 1249 kwam het graafschap Toulouse aan de Franse kroon en nam het Frans langzaam maar zeker de rol van officiële taal over. Beroofd van haar centrum verloor de <i>langue d'oc</i> haar eenheid en ontwikkelden zich hieruit een aantal streektalen. Met het <a href="/wiki/Edict_van_Villers-Cotter%C3%AAts" title="Edict van Villers-Cotterêts">Edict van Villers-Cotterêts</a> (1539) legde <a href="/wiki/Frans_I_van_Frankrijk" title="Frans I van Frankrijk">François I</a> het Frans op voor alle officiële documenten. Dat betekende het einde voor de geschreven vorm van (varianten van) de <i>langue d'oc</i>. Het Occitaans bleef echter wel de belangrijkste gesproken taal in Zuid-Frankrijk tot de <a href="/wiki/Franse_Revolutie" title="Franse Revolutie">Revolutie van 1789</a>. Voor de <a href="/wiki/Jakobijnen" title="Jakobijnen">jakobijnen</a> was het Frans de taal van vrijheid en vooruitgang en waren de andere talen in de republiek ouderwetse, boerse dialecten (<i>patois</i>, brabbeltaal). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wedergeboorte">Wedergeboorte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Wedergeboorte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Wedergeboorte"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg/260px-Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg/390px-Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg/520px-Rues_de_Toulouse_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a><figcaption>Occitaans straatnaambord in Toulouse</figcaption></figure> <p>In de 18e en met name de 19e eeuw beleefde de geschreven taal een bescheiden wedergeboorte. Hiervoor zijn een aantal factoren op te noemen. </p> <ul><li>Onder invloed van de <a href="/wiki/Romantiek_(stroming)" title="Romantiek (stroming)">romantiek</a> beleeft de middeleeuwse literatuur een nieuwe populariteit, en men herontdekt daarmee de langue d'oc. Er is zelfs sprake geweest van een eigen Occitaanse literatuur. <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mistral" title="Frédéric Mistral">Frédéric Mistral</a> is de bekendste schrijver die in het Provençaals schreef. Hij werd in zijn tijd op nationaal niveau serieus genomen en won in <a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a> zelfs de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Literatuur" title="Nobelprijs voor Literatuur">Nobelprijs voor Literatuur</a>. Op lexicografisch gebied betekende hij veel als schrijver van <i>Lou tresor dou <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9librige" title="Félibrige">Félibrige</a></i>, 1878, een woordenboek van het Provençaals gesproken in de Rhônevallei.</li> <li>Een andere belangrijke factor was de opkomst van de <a href="/wiki/Arbeidersbeweging" title="Arbeidersbeweging">arbeidersbeweging</a>, waarbij het Occitaans eerst als "geuzentaal" gebruikt werd maar al snel een officiëler tintje kreeg;</li> <li>De toenemende macht van de <i>bourgeoisie</i> die de taal als teken van regionaal zelfbewustzijn hanteert;</li> <li>Het op schrift stellen van de grammatica en schrijfwijze door gedegen onderzoekers als Honorat, Frédéric Mistral en <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Perbosc" title="Antonin Perbosc">Antonin Perbosc</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moderne_situatie">Moderne situatie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Moderne situatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Moderne situatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg/260px-MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg/390px-MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg/520px-MarseillanEntranceBillingual.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3679" data-file-height="2760" /></a><figcaption>Tweetalig plaatsnaambord in zowel Frans als Occitaans</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg/260px-Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg/390px-Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg/520px-Occitan_Saint-%C3%89milion_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Tweetalig plaatsnaambord station Saint-Émilion</figcaption></figure> <p>Door het onderwijs, de verstedelijking en toegenomen mobiliteit is het Occitaans een <a href="/wiki/Bedreigde_taal" title="Bedreigde taal">bedreigde</a> <a href="/wiki/Minderheidstaal" title="Minderheidstaal">minderheidstaal</a> geworden. Ongeveer 65% van de inwoners van Occitanië begrijpt Occitaans, en ongeveer 2 miljoen mensen zouden het nog dagelijks spreken.<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 26 mei 2022 een bronvermelding gewenst.">[bron?]</span></a></sup> De meesten zijn ouderen en mensen die op het platteland wonen. Desondanks is er een cultureel circuit ontstaan dat veel en graag teruggrijpt op poëzie en muziek uit de <a href="/wiki/12e_eeuw" title="12e eeuw">12e eeuw</a>. Deze <i>revival</i>cultuur heeft aansluiting weten te vinden bij de <a href="/wiki/New_age_(beweging)" title="New age (beweging)">new agebeweging</a>. Ook is er een zeer levendige internetgemeenschap ontstaan, waarbij er veel uitwisseling met het Catalaanse taalgebied plaatsvindt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Daudet" title="Alphonse Daudet">Alphonse Daudet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historische_taalkunde" title="Historische taalkunde">Historische taalkunde</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Occitaans">(<span>oc</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Frans">(<span>fr</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110222210856/http://www.panoccitan.org/">panOccitan.org</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Occitaans">(<span>oc</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Frans">(<span>fr</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110106193621/http://ostaldoccitania.net/">Ostal d'Occitània de Tolosa</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.glosbe.com/nl/oc">vertaalsite Glosbe, nl-oc</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thesaurus.unice.fr/recMot/indexMot.html">thesaurus.unice.fr</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output 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class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Italische_talen" title="Italische talen">Italische talen</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Faliskisch" title="Faliskisch">Faliskisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oskisch" title="Oskisch">Oskisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Umbrisch" title="Umbrisch">Umbrisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Piceens" title="Zuid-Piceens">Zuid-Piceens</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Romaanse_talen" title="Romaanse talen">Romaanse talen</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Aragonees" title="Aragonees">Aragonees</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aroemeens" title="Aroemeens">Aroemeens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Francoproven%C3%A7aals" title="Francoprovençaals">Arpitaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Asturisch" title="Asturisch">Asturisch</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leonees" title="Leonees">Leonees</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mirandees" title="Mirandees">Mirandees</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Catalaans_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalaans (hoofdbetekenis)">Catalaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Corsicaans" title="Corsicaans">Corsicaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dalmatisch" title="Dalmatisch">Dalmatisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Emiliaans" title="Emiliaans">Emiliaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Frans_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frans (hoofdbetekenis)">Frans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Friulisch" title="Friulisch">Friulisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Galicisch" title="Galicisch">Galicisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gascons" title="Gascons">Gascons</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aranees" title="Aranees">Aranees</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Istriotisch" title="Istriotisch">Istriotisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Istro-Roemeens" title="Istro-Roemeens">Istro-Roemeens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Italiaans_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italiaans (hoofdbetekenis)">Italiaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ladinisch" title="Ladinisch">Ladinisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ladino_(Sefardische_taal)" title="Ladino (Sefardische taal)">Ladino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ligurisch_(Romaanse_taal)" title="Ligurisch (Romaanse taal)">Ligurisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mozarabisch" title="Mozarabisch">Mozarabisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Napolitaans" title="Napolitaans">Napolitaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Normandisch" title="Normandisch">Normandisch</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Occitaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oudfrans" title="Oudfrans">Oudfrans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Picardisch" title="Picardisch">Picardisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Portugees" title="Portugees">Portugees</a> · <a href="/wiki/Reto-Romaans" title="Reto-Romaans">Reto-Romaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Roemeens" title="Roemeens">Roemeens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Romagnools" title="Romagnools">Romagnools</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sardijns" title="Sardijns">Sardijns</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spaans_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaans (hoofdbetekenis)">Spaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Venetiaans" title="Venetiaans">Venetiaans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Waals" title="Waals">Waals</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="interProject wiktionary mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Occitaans" class="extiw" title="wikt:Occitaans">WikiWoordenboek</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/25px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div> <div>Zoek <i><b><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Occitaans" class="extiw" title="wikt:Occitaans">Occitaans</a></b></i> op in het <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">WikiWoordenboek</a>.</div> </div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/25px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/38px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de <i><b><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="oc:">Occitaanse uitgave</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>.</div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&oldid=67404417">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Occitaans&oldid=67404417</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Occitaans" title="Categorie:Occitaans">Occitaans</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Verborgen categorieën: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Artikel_mist_referentie_sinds_mei_2022" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds mei 2022">Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds mei 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Alle_artikelen_die_een_referentie_missen" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen">Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 19 apr 2024 om 17:33.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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