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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Compilation of pre-Christian Celtic systems of timekeeping</div> <p> The <b>Celtic calendar</b> is a compilation of pre-Christian Celtic systems of timekeeping, including the <a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Gaulish Coligny calendar</a>, used by <a href="/wiki/Celtic_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic countries">Celtic countries</a> to define the beginning and length of the day, the week, the month, the seasons, quarter days, and festivals.<sup id="cite_ref-Koch_330_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koch_330-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Continental_Celtic_calendar">Continental Celtic calendar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Continental Celtic calendar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gaulish" title="Gaulish">Gaulish</a> <a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny calendar</a> is the oldest known Celtic solar-lunar ritual calendar. It was discovered in <a href="/wiki/Coligny,_Ain" title="Coligny, Ain">Coligny</a>, France, and is now on display in the Palais des Arts <a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallo-Roman">Gallo-Roman</a> museum, Lyon. It dates from the end of the second century AD,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the Roman Empire imposed the use of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Julian Calendar">Julian Calendar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Gaul" title="Roman Gaul">Roman Gaul</a>. The calendar was originally a single huge plate, but it survives only in fragments.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is inscribed in Gaulish with Latin characters and uses <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a>. </p><p>The Coligny Calendar reconciles the cycles of the moon and sun. The Coligny calendar considers the phases of the moon to be important, and each month always begins with the same moon phase. The calendar uses a mathematical arrangement to keep a normal 12 month calendar in sync with the moon and keeps the whole system in sync by adding an <a href="/wiki/Intercalary_month" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercalary month">intercalary month</a> every <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> years. The Coligny calendar registers a five-year cycle of 62 <a href="/wiki/Lunar_month" title="Lunar month">lunar months</a>, divided into a "bright" and a "dark" fortnight (or half a moon cycle) each. The internal notations show that the months began with the first quarter moon, and a 13th <a href="/wiki/Intercalation_(timekeeping)" title="Intercalation (timekeeping)">intercalary</a> month was added every two and a half years to align the lunations with the solar year. </p><p>The astronomical format of the calendar year that the Coligny calendar represents may well be far older, as <a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">calendars</a> are usually even more conservative than rites and <a href="/wiki/Cult_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult (religion)">cults</a>. The date of its inception is unknown, but correspondences of <a href="/wiki/Insular_Celtic" class="mw-redirect" title="Insular Celtic">Insular Celtic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Continental_Celtic" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental Celtic">Continental Celtic</a> calendars suggest that some early form may date to the earlier <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>. The Coligny calendar achieves a complex synchronisation of the solar and lunar months. Whether it does this for philosophical or practical reasons, it points to a considerable degree of sophistication. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medieval_Irish_and_Welsh_calendars">Medieval Irish and Welsh calendars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Medieval Irish and Welsh calendars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelic calendar">Gaelic calendar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Welsh_holidays" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh holidays">Welsh holidays</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg/220px-Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg/330px-Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg/440px-Comparative_seasons_wheel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2949" /></a><figcaption>Diagram comparing the Celtic, astronomical and meteorological calendars</figcaption></figure> <p>Among the <a href="/wiki/Insular_Celtic_languages" title="Insular Celtic languages">Insular Celts</a>, the year was divided into a light half and a dark half. As the day was seen as beginning at sunset, so the year was seen as beginning with the arrival of the darkness, at <a href="/wiki/Calan_Gaeaf" title="Calan Gaeaf">Calan Gaeaf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a> (around 1 November in the modern calendar).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The light half of the year started at <a href="/wiki/Calan_Mai" title="Calan Mai">Calan Haf</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bealtaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bealtaine">Bealtaine</a> (around 1 May, modern calendar). This observance of festivals beginning the evening before the festival day is still seen in the celebrations and folkloric practices among the <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a>, such as the traditions of <i><a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Oíche Shamhna</a></i> (Samhain Eve) among the Irish and <i>Oidhche Shamhna</i> among the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">Scots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Danaher_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Danaher-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McNeill_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNeill-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> said in his <i><a href="/wiki/Gallic_Wars" title="Gallic Wars">Gallic Wars</a></i>: "[the Gaulish Celts] keep birthdays and the beginnings of months and years in such an order that the day follows the night." Longer periods were reckoned in nights, as in the surviving English term fortnight meaning two weeks, and the obsolete <i>se'nnight</i> meaning one week. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Laws_of_Hywel_Dda" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws of Hywel Dda">Laws of Hywel Dda</a> (in editions surviving from the 12th and 13th centuries) make repeated references to periods of <i>nine days</i> (<i>nawfed dydd</i>), rather than the "eight nights" that make up the current word <i>wythnos</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Native_calendar_terms_in_Celtic_languages">Native calendar terms in Celtic languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Native calendar terms in Celtic languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many calendrical and time-keeping terms used in the medieval and modern Celtic languages were borrowed from Latin and reflect the influence of Roman culture and <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> on the Insular Celts. The words borrowed include the month names <i>Januarius</i> (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Enáir</i></span></i>, Irish <i>Eanáir</i>, Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Ionawr</i></span></i>), <i>Februarius</i> (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Febra</i></span></i>, Irish <i>Feabhra</i>, Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Chwefror</i></span></i>), <i>Martius</i> (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Mart</i></span></i>, Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Mawrth</i></span></i>), <i>Aprilius</i> (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Apréil</i></span></i>, Irish <i>Aibreán</i>, Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Ebrill</i></span></i>), <i>Maius</i> (Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Mai</i></span></i>), <i>Augustus</i> (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Auguist</i></span></i>, Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Awst</i></span></i>); the names for the days of the week, <i>Solis</i>, <i>Lunae</i>, <i>Martis</i>, <i>Mercurii</i>, <i>Jovis</i>, <i>Veneris</i>, <i>Saturni</i>; the terms <i>septimana</i> "week" (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">sechtmain</i></span></i>, Breton <i><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">sizun</i></span></i>, Cornish <i><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">seithun</i></span></i>), <i>kalendae</i> "first day of the month" (Old Irish <i><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">callann</i></span></i>, Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">calan</i></span></i>, Breton <i><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">kala</i></span></i>), <i>tempore</i> "time" (Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">amser</i></span></i>), <i>matutina</i> "morning" (Cornish <i><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">metin</i></span></i>, Irish <i>maidin</i>), <i>vespera</i> "evening", <i>nona</i> "noon" (Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">nawn</i></span></i>, Irish <i>nóin</i>), and <i>ôra</i> "hour" (Welsh <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">awr</i></span></i>, Breton <i><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">eur</i></span></i>, Irish <i>uair</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of native Celtic terms survived the adoption of the Roman/Christian calendar, however: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td><b>Term</b> </td> <th><a href="/wiki/Proto-Celtic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Celtic">Proto-Celtic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Gaulish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaulish language">Gaulish</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old</a>/<a href="/wiki/Middle_Irish" title="Middle Irish">Middle Irish</a> </th> <th>Modern <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Manx_language" title="Manx language">Manx</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Cornish_language" title="Cornish language">Cornish</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Breton_language" title="Breton language">Breton</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Day / 24-hour period </td> <td>*latyo- </td> <td>lat (abbreviation, <a href="/wiki/Coligny_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Coligny Calendar">Coligny Calendar</a>) </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">la(i)the</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">lá</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">là, latha</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">laa</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Day </td> <td>*dīy(w)o- </td> <td>(sin)diu "(to)day" </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">día</i></span>; indiu "today" </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">dia</i></span>, dé; inniu, inniubh, inniugh "today" </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">dia</i></span>; andiu "today" </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">jee</i></span>; jiu "today" </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">dydd</i></span>; heddiw "today"; diwrnod "24-hour day period" </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">dydh</i></span>; hidhyw "today" </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">deiz</i></span>; hiziou "today" </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Night </td> <td>*noχt-, *ad-akʷi-(?) </td> <td>(decam)noct- "(10)-night" </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">nocht, adaig</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">nocht, oíche</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">nochd, oidhche</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">noght, oie</i></span> </td> <td>noson, <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">nos</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">neth</i></span> (comp.), <span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">nos</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">neiz</i></span> (comp.), <span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">noz</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Week (eight nights/days) </td> <td>*oχtu-noχt- / *oχtu-dīy(w)o- </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">wythnos "8-nights"</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">eizhteiz "8-days"</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Fortnight </td> <td>*kʷenkʷe-dekam-noχt- </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">cóicthiges "15-(days)"</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">coicís</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cola-deug</i></span> (<i><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">coig latha deug</i></span></i> "15-days") </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">kegeesh</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">pythefnos</i></span> "15-nights" </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">pemzektez</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Month </td> <td>*mīns- </td> <td>mid (read *<i>miđ</i>) </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">mí</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">mí</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">mìos</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">mee</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">mis</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">mis</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">miz</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Year </td> <td>*blēdā- / *blēdanī </td> <td>b[l]is (abbreviation, <a href="/wiki/Coligny_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Coligny Calendar">Coligny Calendar</a>) </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">bliadain</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">bliain</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">bliadhna</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">blein</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">blwydd, blwyddyn</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">bledhen</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">bloavezh, bloaz</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Season, Period of Time </td> <td>*am-n-, *amsterā-, *ratyo-, *kʷritu- </td> <td>amman </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">amm, aimser, ráithe</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">am, aimsir, ráithe</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">àm, aimsir, ràith</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">imbagh, emshyr, emshir</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">amser, pryd</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">amser</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">amzer</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Winter </td> <td>*gyemo- </td> <td>giamo- </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">gem, gemred</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">geimhreadh</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">geamhradh</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">geurey</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">gaeaf</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">gwav</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">goañv</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Spring </td> <td>*wesr-āko- "spring[time]", *wesn-tēno-, *ɸro-bertyā ("torrent, inundation") </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">earrach, robarta</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">earrach</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">earrach</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">arragh</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">gwanwyn</i></span>, (Old Welsh <span title="Old Welsh-language text"><i lang="owl">ribirthi</i></span>) </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">gwainten</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">reverzi</i></span> (Old Breton <span title="Old Breton-language text"><i lang="obt">rebirthi</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Summer </td> <td>*samo- </td> <td>samo- </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">sam, samrad</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">samhradh</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">samhradh</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">sourey</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">haf</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">hav</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">hañv</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Autumn </td> <td>*uφo-gyemo-ro- "under wintertime", *kintu-gyemo- "beginning of winter", *sido-[...] "deer-"[...] </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">fogamur</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">fóghmhar, fómhar</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">foghar</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">fouyr</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">cynhaeaf, hydref</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">kydnyav/kynyav, hedra</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">here, diskar-amzer</i></span> ("falling season") </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>May, May Day </td> <td>*kintu-samo-n-<sup id="cite_ref-indeterminate_vowel_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indeterminate_vowel-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "beginning of summer" </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Cétamain</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céideamhain<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></span> </td> <td><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Cèitean</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Cyntefin</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>June, <a href="/wiki/Midsummer" title="Midsummer">Midsummer</a> </td> <td>*medyo-samo-n-<sup id="cite_ref-indeterminate_vowel_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indeterminate_vowel-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "mid-summer" </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Mithem(on)</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Meitheamh</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Mehefin</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">Metheven</i></span> </td> <td><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">Mezeven</i></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>July </td> <td>*uɸer-kʷenno-samo- "end of summer" </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Gorffennaf</i></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Neopaganism">In Neopaganism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In Neopaganism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some <a href="/wiki/Neopaganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neopaganism">Neopagan</a> religions, a "Celtic calendar" loosely based on that of <a href="/wiki/Early_Medieval_Ireland_800%E2%80%931166" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Medieval Ireland 800–1166">Medieval Ireland</a> is observed for purposes of <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">ritual</a>. Adherents of <a href="/wiki/Celtic_Reconstructionist_Paganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism">Reconstructionist</a> traditions may celebrate the four <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaelic</a> festivals of <a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imbolc" title="Imbolc">Imbolc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beltane" title="Beltane">Beltane</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lughnasadh" title="Lughnasadh">Lughnasadh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bonewits_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bonewits-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McColman_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McColman-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some eclectic Neopagans, such as <a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wiccans</a>, combine the Gaelic fire festivals with solstices and equinox celebrations derived from non-Celtic cultures to produce the Wiccan modern <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_the_Year" title="Wheel of the Year">Wheel of the Year</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hutton_1991_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hutton_1991-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 337">: 337 </span></sup> Some eclectic Neopagans are also influenced by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Robert Graves</a>' "Celtic Tree Calendar", which has no foundation in historical calendars or actual ancient <a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_astrology" title="Early Irish astrology">Celtic Astrology</a>, instead being derived from Graves' extrapolation of <i>The Song of Amergin</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hutton_1991_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hutton_1991-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 145">: 145 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Irish calendar</a> (Gaelic calendar)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_holidays" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh holidays">Welsh holidays</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Koch_330-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Koch_330_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKoch,_John_T.2006" class="citation book cs1">Koch, John T. (2006). <i>Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia</i>. ABC-CLIO. p. 330.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celtic+Culture%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Koch%2C+John+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuval,_P.M.Pinault,_G.1986" class="citation book cs1">Duval, P.M.; Pinault, G., eds. (1986). "Les Calendriers (Coligny, Villards d'Heria)". <i><a href="/wiki/Recueil_des_inscriptions_gauloises" title="Recueil des inscriptions gauloises">Recueil des inscriptions gauloises</a></i>. Vol. 3. Paris: CNRS. p. 35.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Les+Calendriers+%28Coligny%2C+Villards+d%27Heria%29&rft.btitle=Recueil+des+inscriptions+gauloises&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=CNRS&rft.date=1986&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEddyHamilton" class="citation web cs1">Eddy, S.; Hamilton, C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingmyths.com/Celticyear.htm">"The Celtic Year"</a>. <i>Living Myths</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Living+Myths&rft.atitle=The+Celtic+Year&rft.aulast=Eddy&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livingmyths.com%2FCelticyear.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyle1994" class="citation journal cs1">Lyle, Emily B. (1994). "The starting-points in the Coligny Calendar". <i>Études celtiques</i>. <b>30</b>: 285–289. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fecelt.1994.2050">10.3406/ecelt.1994.2050</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes+celtiques&rft.atitle=The+starting-points+in+the+Coligny+Calendar&rft.volume=30&rft.pages=285-289&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fecelt.1994.2050&rft.aulast=Lyle&rft.aufirst=Emily+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Danaher-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Danaher_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanaher,_Kevin1972" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Danaher" title="Kevin Danaher">Danaher, Kevin</a> (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/yearinireland00kevi/page/200"><i>The Year in Ireland: Irish Calendar Customs</i></a>. Dublin: Mercier. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/yearinireland00kevi/page/200">200–229</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85635-093-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-85635-093-2"><bdi>1-85635-093-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Year+in+Ireland%3A+Irish+Calendar+Customs&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=200-229&rft.pub=Mercier&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=1-85635-093-2&rft.au=Danaher%2C+Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fyearinireland00kevi%2Fpage%2F200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McNeill-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McNeill_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNeill,_F._Marian1961" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/F._Marian_McNeill" title="F. Marian McNeill">McNeill, F. Marian</a> (1961). <i>The Silver Bough</i>. Vol. 3. Glasgow: William MacLellan. pp. 11–42.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Silver+Bough&rft.place=Glasgow&rft.pages=11-42&rft.pub=William+MacLellan&rft.date=1961&rft.au=McNeill%2C+F.+Marian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWade-Evans,_Arthur1909" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wade-Evans,_Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Wade-Evans, Arthur">Wade-Evans, Arthur</a> (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maryjones.us/ctexts/laws_hywel_dda.html"><i>Welsh Medieval Laws</i></a>. Oxford University Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Welsh+Medieval+Laws&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1909&rft.au=Wade-Evans%2C+Arthur&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maryjones.us%2Fctexts%2Flaws_hywel_dda.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoth,_Joseph1892" class="citation book cs1">Loth, Joseph (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lesmotslatinsda00lothgoog"><i>Les mots latins dans les langues brittoniques</i></a>. E. Bouillon. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lesmotslatinsda00lothgoog/page/n56">44</a> ff.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+mots+latins+dans+les+langues+brittoniques&rft.pages=44+ff&rft.pub=E.+Bouillon&rft.date=1892&rft.au=Loth%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flesmotslatinsda00lothgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dil.ie/">"Online edition"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_the_Irish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictionary of the Irish language">Dictionary of the Irish language</a></i>. Royal Irish Academy. 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Online+edition&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+the+Irish+language&rft.pub=Royal+Irish+Academy&rft.date=1983&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dil.ie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson,_Kenneth_Hurlstone1967" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Kenneth Hurlstone (1967). <i>A historical phonology of Breton</i>. <a href="/wiki/Dublin_Institute_for_Advanced_Studies" title="Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies">Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies</a>. pp. 296, 248.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+historical+phonology+of+Breton&rft.pages=296%2C+248&rft.pub=Dublin+Institute+for+Advanced+Studies&rft.date=1967&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Kenneth+Hurlstone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamp,_Eric1982" class="citation journal cs1">Hamp, Eric (1982). "The Indo-European roots *bher- in the light of Celtic and Albanian". <i>Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie</i>. <b>39</b>: 205–218. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fzcph.1982.39.1.205">10.1515/zcph.1982.39.1.205</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:164360495">164360495</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+f%C3%BCr+celtische+Philologie&rft.atitle=The+Indo-European+roots+%2Abher-+in+the+light+of+Celtic+and+Albanian&rft.volume=39&rft.pages=205-218&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2Fzcph.1982.39.1.205&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A164360495%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Hamp%2C+Eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indeterminate_vowel-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-indeterminate_vowel_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indeterminate_vowel_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In the reconstructed Proto-Celtic words for the beginning of summer, "kintu-sam?n", and mid-summer, "medio-sam?n", the character "?" represents an indeterminate vowel.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teanglann.ie/ga/fgb/mayday">"mayday"</a>. <i>www.teanglann.ie</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.teanglann.ie&rft.atitle=mayday&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.teanglann.ie%2Fga%2Ffgb%2Fmayday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonewits-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bonewits_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonewits2006" class="citation book cs1">Bonewits, Isaac (2006). <i>Bonewits's Essential Guide to Druidism</i>. New York, NY: Kensington Publishing Group. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8065-2710-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8065-2710-2"><bdi>0-8065-2710-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bonewits%27s+Essential+Guide+to+Druidism&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=Kensington+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-8065-2710-2&rft.aulast=Bonewits&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McColman-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McColman_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcColman2003" class="citation book cs1">McColman, Carl (2003). <i>Complete Idiot's Guide to Celtic Wisdom</i>. Alpha Press. pp. 12, 51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-864417-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-864417-4"><bdi>0-02-864417-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Complete+Idiot%27s+Guide+to+Celtic+Wisdom&rft.pages=12%2C+51&rft.pub=Alpha+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-02-864417-4&rft.aulast=McColman&rft.aufirst=Carl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hutton_1991-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hutton_1991_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hutton_1991_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutton1991" class="citation book cs1">Hutton, Ronald (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780631172888"><i>The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles: Their nature and legacy</i></a></span>. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-631-18946-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-631-18946-7"><bdi>0-631-18946-7</bdi></a> – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pagan+Religions+of+the+Ancient+British+Isles%3A+Their+nature+and+legacy&rft.place=Oxford%2C+UK&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-631-18946-7&rft.aulast=Hutton&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780631172888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celtic_calendar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan,_Martin1994" class="citation book cs1">Brennan, Martin (1994). <i>The Stones of Time: Calendars, Sundials, and Stone Chambers of Ancient Ireland</i>. Rochester, VT: Inner Traditions.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Stones+of+Time%3A+Calendars%2C+Sundials%2C+and+Stone+Chambers+of+Ancient+Ireland&rft.place=Rochester%2C+VT&rft.pub=Inner+Traditions&rft.date=1994&rft.au=Brennan%2C+Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrunaux,_Jean-Louis1986" class="citation book cs1">Brunaux, Jean-Louis (1986). <i>Les Gaulois: Sanctuaires et Rites</i> [<i>The Gauls: Sanctuaries and ceremonies</i>]. Paris: Editions Errance.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+Gaulois%3A+Sanctuaires+et+Rites&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Editions+Errance&rft.date=1986&rft.au=Brunaux%2C+Jean-Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuval,_Paul-MariePinault,_Georges" class="citation book cs1">Duval, Paul-Marie; Pinault, Georges (eds.). "The calendars of Coligny (73 fragments) and Villards d'Heria (8 fragments)". <i><a href="/wiki/Recueil_des_Inscriptions_Gauloises" class="mw-redirect" title="Recueil des Inscriptions Gauloises">Recueil des Inscriptions Gauloises</a> (R.I.G.)</i>. Vol. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+calendars+of+Coligny+%2873+fragments%29+and+Villards+d%27Heria+%288+fragments%29&rft.btitle=Recueil+des+Inscriptions+Gauloises+%28R.I.G.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelamarre,_Xavier2003" class="citation book cs1">Delamarre, Xavier (2003). <i>Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise</i> [<i>Dictionary of the Gaulish Language</i>]. Paris: Editions Errance.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+de+la+langue+gauloise&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Editions+Errance&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Delamarre%2C+Xavier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dil.ie/">"online edition"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_the_Irish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictionary of the Irish language">Dictionary of the Irish language</a></i>. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=online+edition&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+the+Irish+language&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Royal+Irish+Academy&rft.date=1983&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dil.ie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wales.ac.uk/dictionary/">"online edition"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Geiriadur_Prifysgol_Cymru" title="Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru</a></i> (2nd ed.). Cardiff: University of Wales Press. 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=online+edition&rft.btitle=Geiriadur+Prifysgol+Cymru&rft.place=Cardiff&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wales.ac.uk%2Fdictionary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson,_Kenneth_Hurlstone1953" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Kenneth Hurlstone (1953). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/languagehistoryi0000jack"><i>Language and History in early Britain</i></a></span>. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Language+and+History+in+early+Britain&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=1953&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Kenneth+Hurlstone&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flanguagehistoryi0000jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson,_Kenneth_Hurlstone1967" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Kenneth Hurlstone (1967). <i>A Historical Phonology of Breton</i>. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Historical+Phonology+of+Breton&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Dublin+Institute+for+Advanced+Studies&rft.date=1967&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Kenneth+Hurlstone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenner,_Henry1982" class="citation book cs1">Jenner, Henry (1982). <i>A Handbook of the Cornish Language</i>. New York: AMS Press. pp. 203 ff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0404175570" title="Special:BookSources/0404175570"><bdi>0404175570</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Handbook+of+the+Cornish+Language&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=203+ff&rft.pub=AMS+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0404175570&rft.au=Jenner%2C+Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span> (reprint of 1904 ed.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoch,_John2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Koch, John, ed. (2006). "Calendar, Celtic". <i>Celtic Culture: a historical encyclopaedia</i>. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. pp. 330–332.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Calendar%2C+Celtic&rft.btitle=Celtic+Culture%3A+a+historical+encyclopaedia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara&rft.pages=330-332&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambert,_Pierre-Yves1995" class="citation book cs1">Lambert, Pierre-Yves (1995). <i>La langue gauloise</i> [<i>The Gaulish Language</i>]. Paris: Editions Errance. pp. 109–115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+langue+gauloise&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=109-115&rft.pub=Editions+Errance&rft.date=1995&rft.au=Lambert%2C+Pierre-Yves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoth,_Joseph1892" class="citation book cs1">Loth, Joseph (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lesmotslatinsda00lothgoog"><i>Les mots latins dans les langues brittoniques</i></a>. Paris: E. Bouillon.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+mots+latins+dans+les+langues+brittoniques&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=E.+Bouillon&rft.date=1892&rft.au=Loth%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flesmotslatinsda00lothgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatasović,_Ranko2009" class="citation book cs1">Matasović, Ranko (2009). <i>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</i>. Brill Academic Publishers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Etymological+Dictionary+of+Proto-Celtic&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Matasovi%C4%87%2C+Ranko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNance,_Robert_Morton1955" class="citation book cs1">Nance, Robert Morton, ed. (1955). <i>A Cornish-English Dictionary</i>. Marazion: Worden, for the Federation of Old Cornwall Societies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Cornish-English+Dictionary&rft.place=Marazion&rft.pub=Worden%2C+for+the+Federation+of+Old+Cornwall+Societies&rft.date=1955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPokorny,_Julius1959–1969" class="citation book cs1">Pokorny, Julius (1959–1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indogermanisches02pokouoft"><i>Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</i></a> [<i>[proto-]Indo-Germanic Etymological Dictionary</i>]. Bern-München.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indogermanisches+etymologisches+W%C3%B6rterbuch&rft.place=Bern-M%C3%BCnchen&rft.date=1959%2F1969&rft.au=Pokorny%2C+Julius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findogermanisches02pokouoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchrijver,_Peter1995" class="citation book cs1">Schrijver, Peter (1995). <i>Studies in British Celtic Historical Phonology</i>. Amsterdam: Rodopi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+British+Celtic+Historical+Phonology&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=1995&rft.au=Schrijver%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVendryesBachalleryLambert1959–1996" class="citation book cs1">Vendryes, Joseph; Bachallery, Édouard; Lambert, Pierre-Yves (1959–1996). <i>Lexique étymologique de l'irlandais ancien</i> [<i>Etymological Dictionary of the Ancient Language of Ireland</i>]. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lexique+%C3%A9tymologique+de+l%27irlandais+ancien&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Dublin+Institute+for+Advanced+Studies&rft.date=1959%2F1996&rft.aulast=Vendryes&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Bachallery%2C+%C3%89douard&rft.au=Lambert%2C+Pierre-Yves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeltic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Celts" title="Template:Celts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Celts" title="Template talk:Celts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Celts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Celts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Celts_and_modern_Celts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Celts_(modern)" title="Celts (modern)">modern Celts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic nations</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Celtic_studies" title="Celtic studies">Celtic studies</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">Celtic tribes</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Celtic languages</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Peoples" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Peoples</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">Ancient Celtic ethnic groups</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Names_of_the_Celts" title="Names of the Celts">Names</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgae" title="Belgae">Belgae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Britons" title="Celtic Britons">Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caledonians" title="Caledonians">Caledonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtiberians" title="Celtiberians">Celtiberians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallaeci" title="Gallaeci">Gallaeci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauls" title="Gauls">Gauls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatians_(people)" title="Galatians (people)">Galatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvetii" title="Helvetii">Helvetii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepontii" title="Lepontii">Lepontii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noricum" title="Noricum">Noricum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcae" title="Volcae">Volcae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celts_(modern)" title="Celts (modern)">Modern Celtic ethnic groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bretons" title="Bretons">Bretons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_people" title="Cornish people">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_people" title="Welsh people">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_people" title="Manx people">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">Scots</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celtic diaspora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_diaspora" title="Cornish diaspora">Cornish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_diaspora" title="Scottish diaspora">Scottish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh diaspora">Welsh diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related ethnic groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Celtic" title="Anglo-Celtic">Anglo-Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_Americans" title="Breton Americans">Breton Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Americans" title="Cornish Americans">Cornish Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Celtic_round_dogs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Celtic_round_dogs.svg/100px-Celtic_round_dogs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Celtic_round_dogs.svg/150px-Celtic_round_dogs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Celtic_round_dogs.svg/200px-Celtic_round_dogs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Studies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_studies" title="Celtic studies">Studies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dálriata</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Alba" title="Kingdom of Alba">Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Iron_Age" title="British Iron Age">Iron Age Britain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brigantia_(ancient_region)" title="Brigantia (ancient region)">Brigantia (ancient region)</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman Britain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sub-Roman_Britain" title="Sub-Roman Britain">Sub-Roman Britain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dumnonia" title="Dumnonia">Dumnonia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hen_Ogledd" title="Hen Ogledd">Hen Ogledd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Iron Age Gaul</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roman_Gaul" title="Roman Gaul">Roman Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britonia" title="Britonia">Britonia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorica" title="Armorica">Armorica</a> / <a href="/wiki/Domnon%C3%A9e" title="Domnonée">Domnonée</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallaecia" title="Gallaecia">Gallaecia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Cisalpine Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_settlement_of_Southeast_Europe" title="Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe">Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celts_in_Transylvania" title="Celts in Transylvania">Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatia" title="Galatia">Galatia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Celtic_paganism" title="Proto-Celtic paganism">Proto-Celtic religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_religion" title="Ancient Celtic religion">Celtic polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_deities" title="Celtic deities">Celtic deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Animism" title="Celtic Animism">Celtic Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_mythology" title="Celtic mythology">Celtic mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Christianity" title="Celtic Christianity">Celtic Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Rite" title="Celtic Rite">Celtic Rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_stone_idols" title="Celtic stone idols">Celtic stone idolss</a>* <a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">Druids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_Monasticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Insular Monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano-Celtic_temple" title="Romano-Celtic temple">Romano-Celtic temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Celtic_pagan_practices" title="Template:Celtic pagan practices">Practices</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mythology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_mythology" title="Scottish mythology">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_mythology" title="Welsh mythology">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_mythology" title="Breton mythology">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_mythology" title="Cornish mythology">Cornish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brehon" title="Brehon">Brehon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Celtic calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_festivals" title="List of Celtic festivals">Celtic festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_women" title="Ancient Celtic women">Celtic women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celticisation" title="Celticisation">Celticisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Name" title="Chief of the Name">Chief of the Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbfine" title="Derbfine">Derbfine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">Druid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan_chief" title="Scottish clan chief">Clan chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelicisation" title="Gaelicisation">Gaelicisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_astrology" title="Early Irish astrology">Gaelic astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1inne" title="Fáinne">Fáinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fili" class="mw-redirect" title="Fili">Fili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_law" title="Celtic law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanistry" title="Tanistry">Tanistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seancha%C3%AD" title="Seanchaí">Seanchaí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sept" title="Sept">Sept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BAath" title="Túath">Túath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vates" title="Vates">Vates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic warfare">Warfare</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gaelic_warfare" title="Gaelic warfare">Gaelic</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_coinage" title="Celtic coinage">Coinage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Modern_Celts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celts_(modern)" title="Celts (modern)">Modern Celts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Revival" title="Celtic Revival">Celtic Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Celticism" title="Pan-Celticism">Pan-Celticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Congress" title="Celtic Congress">Celtic Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_League" title="Celtic League">Celtic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_union" title="Celtic union">Celtic union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_music" title="Celtic music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_rock" title="Celtic rock">Rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Celtic_Christianity" title="Neo-Celtic Christianity">Neo-Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_neopaganism" title="Celtic neopaganism">Neopaganism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Wicca" title="Celtic Wicca">Celtic Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Neo-Druidism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nations" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_League" title="Celtic League">Celtic League</a> definition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a> (<span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">Breizh</i></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a> (<span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw">Kernow</i></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> (<span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Éire</i></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> (<span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">Mannin</i></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> (<span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Alba</i></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> (<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Cymru</i></span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other claimants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y_Wladfa" title="Y Wladfa">Y Wladfa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_literature" title="Celtic literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Arthurian Legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_bardic_poetry" title="Irish bardic poetry">Bardic Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_literature" title="Breton literature">Breton literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_literature" title="Cornish literature">Cornish literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_literature" title="Irish literature">Irish literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_literature" title="Manx literature">Manx literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_literature" title="Scottish literature">Scottish literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-language_literature" title="Welsh-language literature">Welsh-language literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_literature_in_English" title="Welsh literature in English">Welsh literature in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_literature" title="Early Irish literature">Early Irish literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_annals" title="Irish annals">Irish annals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_literature" title="Gaelic literature">Gaelic literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic literature</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National cultures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Brittany" title="Culture of Brittany">Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Cornwall" title="Culture of Cornwall">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ireland" title="Culture of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Culture of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Scotland" title="Culture of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" title="Culture of Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_art" title="Celtic art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_shrine" title="Bell shrine">Bell shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_brooch" title="Celtic brooch">Brooches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dragonesque_brooch" title="Dragonesque brooch">Dragonesque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnyx" title="Carnyx">Carnyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_cross" title="Celtic cross">Celtic cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_knot" title="Celtic knot">Knotwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_cross" title="High cross">High crosses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_art" title="Insular art">Insular art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlace_(art)" title="Interlace (art)">Interlace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_leaf-crown" title="Celtic leaf-crown">Leaf-crowns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_maze" title="Celtic maze">Mazes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictish_stone" title="Pictish stone">Pictish stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torc" title="Torc">Torcs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triskelion" title="Triskelion">Triple spiral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clothing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic Dress">Celtic Dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_clothing" title="Irish clothing">Gaelic clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_dress" title="Highland dress">Highland dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">Tartan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional cultures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Highlands" title="Scottish Highlands">Highland culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_music" title="Celtic music">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_music" title="Ancient Celtic music">Ancient Celtic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Brittany" title="Music of Brittany">Breton Folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_folk_music" title="Gaelic folk music">Gaelic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music" title="Irish traditional music">Irish folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_folk_music" title="Scottish folk music">Scottish folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_folk_music" title="Welsh folk music">Welsh folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_singing" title="Sean-nós singing">Sean-nós singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnyx" title="Carnyx">Carnyx</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="National_music_scenes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National music scenes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Brittany" title="Music of Brittany">Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cornwall" title="Music of Cornwall">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk music of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Music of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Scotland" title="Music of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Wales" title="Music of Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_festivals" title="List of Celtic festivals">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Calendar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calan_Gaeaf" title="Calan Gaeaf">Calan Gaeaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbolc" title="Imbolc">Imbolc</a>/<a href="/wiki/G%C5%B5yl_Fair_y_Canhwyllau" title="Gŵyl Fair y Canhwyllau">Gŵyl Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beltane" title="Beltane">Beltane</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calan_Mai" title="Calan Mai">Calan Mai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lughnasadh" title="Lughnasadh">Lughnasadh</a>/<a href="/wiki/Gathering_Day" title="Gathering Day">Calan Awst</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Interceltique_de_Lorient" title="Festival Interceltique de Lorient">Festival Interceltique de Lorient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Celtic_Festival" title="Pan Celtic Festival">Pan Celtic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebridean_Celtic_Festival" title="Hebridean Celtic Festival">Hebridean Celtic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Connections" title="Celtic Connections">Celtic Connections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Media_Festival" title="Celtic Media Festival">Celtic Media Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando_(sport)" title="Bando (sport)">Bando</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bataireacht" class="mw-redirect" title="Bataireacht">Bataireacht</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camogie" title="Camogie">Camogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cammag" title="Cammag">Cammag</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnapan" title="Cnapan">Cnapan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_hurling" title="Cornish hurling">Cornish hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curling" title="Curling">Curling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_football" title="Gaelic football">Gaelic football</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ladies%27_Gaelic_football" title="Ladies' Gaelic football">Ladies'</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_handball" title="Gaelic handball">Gaelic handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouren" title="Gouren">Gouren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rounders" title="Rounders">Rounders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_games" title="Highland games">Highland games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">Hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_road_bowling" title="Irish road bowling">Road bowls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinty" title="Shinty">Shinty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_handball" title="Welsh handball">Welsh handball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Politics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breton_nationalism" title="Breton nationalism">Breton nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Breton_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Breton nationalism">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reunification_of_Brittany" title="Reunification of Brittany">reunification</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_nationalism" title="Cornish nationalism">Cornish nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_status_of_Cornwall" title="Constitutional status of Cornwall">status</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Manx nationalism">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_status_of_Orkney,_Shetland_and_the_Western_Isles" title="Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles">Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_nationalism" title="Scottish nationalism">Scottish nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_national_identity" title="Scottish national identity">national identity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Welsh nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_national_identity" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh national identity">national identity</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_devolution" title="Cornish devolution">Cornish devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_devolution" title="Scottish devolution">Scottish devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Welsh devolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breton_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Breton independence">Breton independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">Scottish independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_independence" title="Welsh independence">Welsh independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">United Ireland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republicanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pan-Celticism" title="Pan-Celticism">Pan-Celticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_League" title="Celtic League">Celtic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Congress" title="Celtic Congress">Celtic Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Revival" title="Celtic Revival">Celtic Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_society" title="Celtic society">Celtic society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_unity" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic unity">Celtic unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_Project" title="Columba Project">Columba Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brittonic_languages" title="Brittonic languages">Brittonic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breton_language" title="Breton language">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_language" title="Cornish language">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Goidelic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_language" title="Manx language">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mixed_language" title="Mixed language">Mixed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shelta" title="Shelta">Shelta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungi_dialect" title="Bungi dialect">Bungi Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beurla_Reagaird" title="Beurla Reagaird">Beurla Reagaird</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continental_Celtic_languages" title="Continental Celtic languages">Ancient Celtic languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Extinct_language" title="Extinct language">Extinct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Celtic_language" title="Proto-Celtic language">Proto-Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Brittonic" title="Common Brittonic">Proto-Brittonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Proto-Goidelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtiberian_language" title="Celtiberian language">Celtiberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaulish" title="Gaulish">Gaulish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatian_language" title="Galatian language">Galatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallaecian_language" title="Gallaecian language">Gallaecian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepontic_language" title="Lepontic language">Lepontic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noric_language" title="Noric language">Noric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbric" title="Cumbric">Cumbric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictish_language" title="Pictish language">Pictish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano-Celtic_languages" title="Hispano-Celtic languages">Hispano-Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaulish" title="Cisalpine Gaulish">Cisalpine Gaulish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> dialects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arran_Gaelic" title="Arran Gaelic">Arran Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deeside_Gaelic" title="Deeside Gaelic">Deeside Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galwegian_Gaelic" title="Galwegian Gaelic">Galwegian Gaelic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Law_and_Warfare" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_law" title="Celtic law">Law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_warfare" title="Ancient Celtic warfare">Warfare</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_law" title="Celtic law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_law" title="Early Irish law">Early Irish law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfraith_Hywel" title="Cyfraith Hywel">Cyfraith Hywel</a> (Medieval Welsh law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Scots_law" title="History of Scots law">Early Scots law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_warfare" title="Ancient Celtic warfare">Warfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_warfare" title="Gaelic warfare">Gaelic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cateran" title="Cateran">Ceathairne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kern_(soldier)" title="Kern (soldier)">Ceithearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianna" title="Fianna">Fianna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaesatae" title="Gaesatae">Gaesatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallowglass" title="Gallowglass">Gallóglaigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobelar" title="Hobelar">Hobelar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redshank_(soldier)" title="Redshank (soldier)">Redshanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimarcisia" title="Trimarcisia">Trimarcisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Lists" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_deities" title="List of Celtic deities">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_English_words_of_Celtic_origin" title="Lists of English words of Celtic origin">Celtic words in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_words_of_Celtic_origin" title="List of Spanish words of Celtic origin">– in Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Galician_words_of_Celtic_origin" title="List of Galician words of Celtic origin">– in Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_words_of_Gaulish_origin" title="List of French words of Gaulish origin">Gaulish words in French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_place_names_in_Galicia" title="List of Celtic place names in Galicia">Celtic place names in Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_place_names_in_Italy" title="List of Celtic place names in Italy">– in Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_place_names_in_Portugal" title="List of Celtic place names in Portugal">– in Portugal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Celts" title="Portal:Celts">Celts portal</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg/16px-Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg/24px-Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg/32px-Triple-Spiral-4turns_green_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Calendars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Calendars" title="Template:Calendars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Calendars" title="Template talk:Calendars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Calendars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">Lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">Lunisolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">Solar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In wide use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering" title="Astronomical year numbering">Astronomical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Lunar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_week_date" title="ISO week date">ISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In more<br />limited use</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_calendar" title="Akan calendar">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_calendar" title="Assamese calendar">Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí</a> <ul><li>Badí‘</li></ul></li> <li>Bali <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pawukon_calendar" title="Pawukon calendar">Pawukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">Bangladeshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_calendar" title="Borana calendar">Borana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branches" title="Earthly Branches">Earthly Branches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Stems" title="Heavenly Stems">Heavenly Stems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_term" title="Solar term">Solar term</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_holidays" title="Heathen holidays">Germanic heathen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_calendar" title="Georgian calendar">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_calendar" title="Hmong calendar">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalali_calendar" title="Jalali calendar">Jalali</a> <ul><li>medieval</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian_calendar" title="Zoroastrian calendar">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Irish</a> <ul><li>Gaelic</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasli_calendar" title="Fasli calendar">Fasli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabular_Islamic_calendar" title="Tabular Islamic calendar">Tabular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_calendar" title="Kurdish calendar">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_calendar" title="Lithuanian calendar">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_Panchang" title="Tirhuta Panchang">Maithili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_calendar" title="Malayalam calendar">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_calendar" title="Mandaean calendar">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_calendar" title="Meitei calendar">Manipuri (Meitei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanau_calendar" title="Melanau calendar">Melanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_calendar" title="Mongolian calendar">Mongolian</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Sambat" title="Nepal Sambat">Nepal Sambat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yele_Sambat" title="Yele Sambat">Yele Sambat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisga%27a#Nisga’a_calendar/life" title="Nisga'a">Nisg̱a'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_calendar" title="Odia calendar">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_calendar" title="Punjabi calendar">Punjabi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_calendar" title="Romanian calendar">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shona_calendar" title="Shona calendar">Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_calendar" title="Somali calendar">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotho_calendar" title="Sotho calendar">Sesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_calendar" title="Slavic calendar">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_calendars_and_holidays" title="Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays">Slavic Native Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_months" title="Macedonian months">Macedonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_calendar" title="Tamil calendar">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_calendar" title="Thai calendar">Thai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar" title="Thai lunar calendar">lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">solar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_calendar" title="Tripuri calendar">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulu_calendar" title="Tulu calendar">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_calendar" title="Vietnamese calendar">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_the_Year" title="Wheel of the Year">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_calendar" title="Xhosa calendar">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_calendar" title="Yoruba calendar">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_calendar" title="Zulu calendar">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runic_calendar" title="Runic calendar">Runic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_calendars" title="Mesoamerican calendars">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar" title="Mesoamerican Long Count calendar">Long Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar round">Calendar round</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Christian variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian and Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Julian_calendar" title="Revised Julian calendar">Revised</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabian_calendar" title="Pre-Islamic Arabian calendar">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_calendar" title="Aztec calendar">Aztec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dnalp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Tōnalpōhualli">Tōnalpōhualli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiuhp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Xiuhpōhualli">Xiuhpōhualli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_calendar" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar_calendar" title="Bulgar calendar">Bulgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_calendar" title="Cappadocian calendar">Cappadocian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_calendar" title="Cham calendar">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Sakarat" title="Chula Sakarat">Culāsakaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_calendar" title="Enoch calendar">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_calendar" title="Florentine calendar">Florentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Republican_calendar" title="French Republican calendar">French Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_calendars" title="Ancient Greek calendars">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Inca calendar">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_calendar" title="Ancient Macedonian calendar">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Maya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haab%CA%BC" title="Haabʼ">Haabʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin" title="Tzolkʼin">Tzolkʼin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecontad_calendar" title="Pentecontad calendar">Pentecontad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisan_calendar" title="Pisan calendar">Pisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_calendrical_texts" title="Qumran calendrical texts">Qumran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_calendar" title="Rapa Nui calendar">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumi_calendar" title="Rumi calendar"><i>Rumi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">Sexagenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_calendar" title="Soviet calendar">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_calendar" title="Swedish calendar">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_renaming_of_Turkmen_months_and_days_of_week" title="2002 renaming of Turkmen months and days of week">Turkmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By specialty</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene</a> <ul><li>anthropological</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar" title="Proleptic Gregorian calendar">Proleptic Gregorian</a> / <a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Julian_calendar" title="Proleptic Julian calendar">Proleptic Julian</a> <ul><li>historiographical</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darian_calendar" title="Darian calendar">Darian</a> <ul><li>Martian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamspell" title="Dreamspell">Dreamspell</a> <ul><li>New Age</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Pataphysics#Pataphysical_calendar" title="'Pataphysics">'Pataphysical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_reform" title="Calendar reform">Reform proposals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanke%E2%80%93Henry_Permanent_Calendar" title="Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar">Hanke–Henry Permanent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fixed_Calendar" title="International Fixed Calendar">International Fixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Calendar" title="Pax Calendar">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positivist_calendar" title="Positivist calendar">Positivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetry454" title="Symmetry454">Symmetry454</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Calendar" title="World Calendar">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Displays and<br />applications</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendaring_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendaring software">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_calendar" title="Perpetual calendar">Perpetual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(stationery)" title="Calendar (stationery)">Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Year naming<br />and numbering</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch" title="Epoch">Epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">Leap year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">Regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_zero" title="Year zero">Year zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anka_year" title="Anka year">Anka year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a>/<a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Lucis" title="Anno Lucis">Anno Lucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">Anno Martyrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponym_dating_system" title="Eponym dating system">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Chinese Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Chinese Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English and British regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">Hijri year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Human (Holocene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirayana_system" title="Nirayana system">Nirayana system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_era" title="Seleucid era">Seleucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_era" title="Spanish era">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yugas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Yuga" title="Satya Yuga">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treta_Yuga" title="Treta Yuga">Treta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvapara_Yuga" title="Dvapara Yuga">Dvapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_era_name" title="Vietnamese era name">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)#Calendar" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">Discworld</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanaess#Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanaess">Greyhawk</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth calendar">Middle-earth</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardate" title="Stardate">Stardate</a> 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